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skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">陌莽eri臒e atla</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ana men眉" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ana men眉</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ana men眉</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">kenar 莽ubu臒una ta艧谋</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gezinti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" title="Anasayfay谋 ziyaret et [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Anasayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-Hakk谋m谋zda" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Hakk%C4%B1nda"><span>Hakk谋m谋zda</span></a></li><li id="n-陌莽indekiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:G%C3%B6z_at"><span>陌莽indekiler</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Rastgele" title="Rastgele bir sayfaya gidin [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rastgele madde</span></a></li><li id="n-Se莽kin-i莽erik" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Se%C3%A7kin_i%C3%A7erik"><span>Se莽kin i莽erik</span></a></li><li id="n-Yak谋n谋mdakiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Yak%C4%B1n%C4%B1mdakiler"><span>Yak谋n谋mdakiler</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Kat谋l谋m" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Kat谋l谋m" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kat谋l谋m </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Deneme_tahtas%C4%B1"><span>Deneme tahtas谋</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:K%C3%B6y_%C3%A7e%C5%9Fmesi" title="G眉ncel olaylarla ilgili son bilgiler"><span>K枚y 莽e艧mesi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler" title="Vikide yap谋lm谋艧 son de臒i艧ikliklerin listesi [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son de臒i艧iklikler</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Y%C3%BCkle"><span>Dosya y眉kle</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Topluluk_portali" title="Proje hakk谋nda, neler yapabilirsiniz, ne nerededir"><span>Topluluk portali</span></a></li><li id="n-shop-text" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//shop.wikimedia.org"><span>Wikimedia d眉kk芒n谋</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Yard谋m almak i莽in"><span>Yard谋m</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tr.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="脰zg眉r Ansiklopedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tr.svg" width="104" height="13" style="width: 6.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Ara" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipedi i莽inde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipedi 眉zerinde ara" aria-label="Vikipedi 眉zerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipedi i莽inde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="脰zel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ki艧isel ara莽lar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="G枚r眉n眉m"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfan谋n yaz谋 tipi boyutunun, geni艧li臒inin ve renginin g枚r眉n眉m眉n眉 de臒i艧tirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="G枚r眉n眉m" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">G枚r眉n眉m</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Ba臒谋艧 yap谋n</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Palanka" title="Bir hesap olu艧turup oturum a莽man谋z tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu de臒ildir" class=""><span>Hesap olu艧tur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Palanka" title="Oturum a莽man谋z tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu de臒ildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum a莽</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla se莽enek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ki艧isel ara莽lar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ki艧isel ara莽lar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Kullan谋c谋 men眉s眉" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr"><span>Ba臒谋艧 yap谋n</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Palanka" title="Bir hesap olu艧turup oturum a莽man谋z tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu de臒ildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap olu艧tur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Palanka" title="Oturum a莽man谋z tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu de臒ildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum a莽</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 脟谋k谋艧 yapm谋艧 edit枚rler i莽in sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="De臒i艧iklik yapma hakk谋nda daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yap谋lm谋艧 de臒i艧iklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katk谋lar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki d眉zenlemeler hakk谋nda tart谋艧ma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="陌莽indekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">陌莽indekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar 莽ubu臒una ta艧谋</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giri艧</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tan谋m" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tan谋m"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tan谋m</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tan谋m-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Tan谋m alt b枚l眉m眉n眉 a莽/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tan谋m-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etimoloji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Etimoloji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terminoloji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminoloji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Terminoloji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminoloji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarih莽e" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarih莽e"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tarih莽e</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarih莽e-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-陌n艧aat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陌n艧aat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>陌n艧aat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陌n艧aat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yerle艧im_merkezi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yerle艧im_merkezi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Yerle艧im merkezi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yerle艧im_merkezi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konum_ve_arazi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konum_ve_arazi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Konum ve arazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konum_ve_arazi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sava艧" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sava艧"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sava艧</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sava艧-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edebiyat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edebiyat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Edebiyat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edebiyat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resim_galerisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resim_galerisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Resim galerisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resim_galerisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynak莽a" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynak莽a"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Kaynak莽a</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kaynak莽a-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Kaynak莽a alt b枚l眉m眉n眉 a莽/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kaynak莽a-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-脰zel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脰zel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>脰zel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脰zel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Genel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="陌莽indekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="陌莽indekiler tablosunu de臒i艧tir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">陌莽indekiler tablosunu de臒i艧tir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Palanka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ba艧ka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 10 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A9" title="亘賱賳賯丞 - Arap莽a" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="亘賱賳賯丞" data-language-autonym="丕賱毓乇亘賷丞" data-language-local-name="Arap莽a" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>丕賱毓乇亘賷丞</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="袩邪谢邪薪泻邪 - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="袩邪谢邪薪泻邪" data-language-autonym="袘褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>袘褗谢谐邪褉褋泻懈</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanke" title="Palanke - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Palanke" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanka_(fortification)" title="Palanka (fortification) - 陌ngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Palanka (fortification)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="陌ngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanca_(fortificaci%C3%B3n)" title="Palanca (fortificaci贸n) - 陌spanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Palanca (fortificaci贸n)" data-language-autonym="Espa帽ol" data-language-local-name="陌spanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Espa帽ol</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modus_Hungaricus" title="Modus Hungaricus - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Modus Hungaricus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanka_(fortificazione)" title="Palanka (fortificazione) - 陌talyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palanka (fortificazione)" data-language-autonym="陌taliano" data-language-local-name="陌talyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>陌taliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanka" title="Palanka - S谋rp-H谋rvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Palanka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / 褋褉锌褋泻芯褏褉胁邪褌褋泻懈" data-language-local-name="S谋rp-H谋rvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / 褋褉锌褋泻芯褏褉胁邪褌褋泻懈</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="袩邪谢邪薪泻邪 - S谋rp莽a" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="袩邪谢邪薪泻邪" data-language-autonym="小褉锌褋泻懈 / srpski" data-language-local-name="S谋rp莽a" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>小褉锌褋泻懈 / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8F)" title="袩邪谢邪薪泻邪 (褎芯褉褌械褑褟) - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="袩邪谢邪薪泻邪 (褎芯褉褌械褑褟)" data-language-autonym="校泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻邪" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>校泻褉邪褩薪褋褜泻邪</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q697468#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dilleraras谋 ba臒lant谋lar谋 de臒i艧tir" class="wbc-editpage">Ba臒lant谋lar谋 de臒i艧tir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanlar谋"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Palanka" title="陌莽erik sayfas谋n谋 g枚ster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Palanka" rel="discussion" title="陌莽erik ile ilgili tart谋艧ma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tart谋艧ma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyant谋n谋 de臒i艧tir" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">T眉rk莽e</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="G枚r眉n眉m"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Palanka"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfay谋 de臒i艧tir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>De臒i艧tir</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit" title="Bu sayfan谋n kaynak kodunu d眉zenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=history" title="Bu sayfan谋n ge莽mi艧 s眉r眉mleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ge莽mi艧i g枚r</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa ara莽lar谋"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ara莽lar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ara莽lar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ara莽lar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar 莽ubu臒una ta艧谋</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla se莽enek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Palanka"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfay谋 de臒i艧tir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>De臒i艧tir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit" title="Bu sayfan谋n kaynak kodunu d眉zenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=history"><span>Ge莽mi艧i g枚r</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/Palanka" title="Bu sayfaya ba臒lant谋 vermi艧 t眉m viki sayfalar谋n谋n listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya ba臒lant谋lar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/Palanka" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan ba臒lant谋 verilen sayfalardaki son de臒i艧iklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>陌lgili de臒i艧iklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="T眉m 枚zel sayfalar谋n listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>脰zel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&oldid=33949511" title="Bu sayfan谋n bu revizyonuna kal谋c谋 ba臒lant谋"><span>Kal谋c谋 ba臒lant谋</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakk谋nda daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&page=Palanka&id=33949511&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nas谋l kaynak g枚sterece臒i hakk谋nda bilgi"><span>Bu sayfay谋 kaynak g枚ster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPalanka"><span>K谋salt谋lm谋艧 URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPalanka"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazd谋r/d谋艧a aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Palanka"><span>Bir kitap olu艧tur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=Palanka&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfan谋n bas谋lmaya uygun s眉r眉m眉 [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bas谋lmaya uygun g枚r眉n眉m</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Di臒er projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q697468" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili 枚geye ba臒lant谋 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri 枚gesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa ara莽lar谋"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="G枚r眉n眉m"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">G枚r眉n眉m</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar 莽ubu臒una ta艧谋</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, 枚zg眉r ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:center">Palanka tipi kaleler</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Fort_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Palanka_Fort_1.png/200px-Palanka_Fort_1.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Palanka_Fort_1.png/300px-Palanka_Fort_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Palanka_Fort_1.png/400px-Palanka_Fort_1.png 2x" data-file-width="849" data-file-height="574" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Bir palankan谋n bur莽lar谋 ve perde duvarlar谋 (<i>dolma r谋ht谋m palanka duvar</i> ya da sadece <i>dolma duvar谋</i>)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Fort_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Palanka_Fort_2.png/200px-Palanka_Fort_2.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Palanka_Fort_2.png/300px-Palanka_Fort_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Palanka_Fort_2.png/400px-Palanka_Fort_2.png 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="508" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Giri艧i g枚zetleme kulesiyle korunan basit bir palanka (<i>yal谋n kat 莽it palanka</i>)</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Her iki resim de <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Ferdinando_Marsigli" title="Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli">Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli</a> taraf谋ndan 莽izilmi艧tir.</div></div></div></div><p><b>Palanka</b>, <b>palanga</b> veya <b>parkan</b> <a href="/wiki/Ah%C5%9Fap" title="Ah艧ap">ah艧ap</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Toprak" title="Toprak">topraktan</a> yap谋lan ufak bir <a href="/wiki/Kale" title="Kale">kaledir</a>. <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Osmanl谋陌mparatorlu臒u">Osmanl谋陌mparatorlu臒u</a> ve has谋mlar谋 taraf谋ndan yayg谋n olarak kullan谋lm谋艧t谋r. Palankalar h谋zl谋ca in艧a edilip, geni艧letilebilmelerinin yan谋 s谋ra basit malzemeler ile d眉艧眉k bir maliyetle in艧a edilebiliyordu. Palankalar nehir kenarlar谋na ve yol g眉zergahlar谋na in艧a edilirdi. Avrupa'daki palankalar谋n bir莽o臒u ah艧ap ve topraktan yap谋lm谋艧 olsa da kaynak k谋s谋tl谋l谋臒谋ndan dolay谋 malzemeler b枚lgeden b枚lgeye de臒i艧mekteydi. Tipik bir palankan谋n etraf谋 <a href="/wiki/Hendek" title="Hendek">hendekle</a> 莽evrilirdi. Palankalar谋n b眉y眉kl眉臒眉ne g枚re kullan谋lan duvarlar谋n 莽e艧idi de臒i艧irdi ve k枚艧eleri 眉zerine yerle艧tirilen <a href="/wiki/Tabya" title="Tabya">tabyalarla</a> korunabilirdi. </p><p>Palankalar谋n k枚kenleri <i>havale</i> denilen ve ku艧atmalar s谋ras谋nda fethedilmek istenen kalenin 莽evresine in艧a edilen yap谋lara dayanmaktayd谋. 16. y眉zy谋la gelindi臒inde palankalar Osmanl谋'n谋n <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_Macaristan%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Osmanl谋 Macaristan谋">Macaristan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balkanlar" title="Balkanlar">Balkanlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karadeniz" title="Karadeniz">Karadeniz</a>'in kuzeyi, <a href="/wiki/Anadolu" title="Anadolu">Anadolu</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Afrika" title="Kuzey Afrika">Kuzey Afrika</a>'daki topraklar谋nda kullan谋lmaktayd谋. Palankalar 16 ve 17. y眉zy谋llardaki Avusturya-Osmanl谋 sava艧lar谋nda yayg谋n olarak kullan谋lm谋艧t谋. Palankalar 19. y眉zy谋l谋n sonlar谋na de臒in kullan谋lmaya devam etmi艧tir. G眉n眉m眉zde eski Osmanl谋 co臒rafyas谋ndaki pek 莽ok yerle艧im yerinin ad谋 bu savunma yap谋lar谋na dayanmaktad谋r. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tan谋m"><span id="Tan.C4.B1m"></span>Tan谋m</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=1" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Tan谋m" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=1" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Tan谋m"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etimoloji">Etimoloji</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=2" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Etimoloji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=2" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Etimoloji"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%9Fanyan_S%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk" class="mw-redirect" title="Ni艧anyan S枚zl眉k">Ni艧anyan S枚zl眉k</a>'e g枚re palanka s枚zc眉臒眉 <a href="/wiki/Macarca" title="Macarca">Macarca</a> <i>pal谩nkv膩rdan</i> gelmektedir. Bu s枚zc眉臒眉n k枚keninin ise <a href="/wiki/Latince" title="Latince">Latincede</a> <i>k眉t眉k</i> anlam谋na gelen <i>palancadan</i> gelmektedir. Onun k枚keni ise <a href="/wiki/Grek%C3%A7e" title="Grek莽e">Antik Yunancada</a> da k眉t眉k anlam谋na gelen <i>ph谩lanks</i>, <i>phalangdan</i> (蠁维位伪谓尉, 蠁伪位伪纬纬) gelmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> S枚zc眉k Frans谋zcada <i>palanque</i>, 陌talyancada <i>palanca</i> olarak ge莽mektedir ve yabanc谋 dillerdeki anlam谋 kaz谋kt谋r.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terminoloji">Terminoloji</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=3" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Terminoloji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=3" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Terminoloji"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Evliya_%C3%87elebi" title="Evliya 脟elebi">Evliya 脟elebi</a> palanka s枚zc眉臒眉n眉 bir kalenin yan谋 s谋ra ah艧ap duvarlarla 莽evrili bir <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehir" title="艦ehir">kent</a> veya bir duvar 枚rme tekni臒i olarak da tan谋mlam谋艧t谋r. Burcu 脰zg眉ven'e g枚re palanka ile parkan aras谋ndaki temel fark palankalar谋n yol ve nehir <a href="/wiki/Rota" title="Rota">g眉zerg芒hlar谋na</a>, parkanlar谋nsa <a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1n%C4%B1r" title="S谋n谋r">s谋n谋r</a> b枚lgelerine in艧a edilmesiydi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Evgeni Radushev ise bu yap谋lar谋n G眉ney Macaristan'da <i>parkan</i> olarak bilinirken Balkanlar'da <i>palanka</i> olarak bilindi臒ini dile getirmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERadushev199513_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERadushev199513-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarih莽e"><span id="Tarih.C3.A7e"></span>Tarih莽e</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=4" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Tarih莽e" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=4" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Tarih莽e"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg/250px-Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg/375px-Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg/500px-Szigetv%C3%A1r_before_the_siege_-_A%2BB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1393" data-file-height="1068" /></a><figcaption>Toplar谋n yerle艧tirildi臒i havale tipi ah艧ap tahkimat谋n <a href="/wiki/Zigetvar_Ku%C5%9Fatmas%C4%B1" title="Zigetvar Ku艧atmas谋">Zigetvar ku艧atmas谋</a> s谋ras谋nda 艧ehri 莽evreledi臒i g枚r眉lmekte.</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Kaz%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_%C3%A7it" title="Kaz谋kl谋莽it">Kaz谋kl谋莽itten</a> olu艧an savunma yap谋lar谋 tarihteki en eski tahkim etme y枚ntemidir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Palanka benzeri ah艧ap <a href="/wiki/Tahkimat" title="Tahkimat">istihk芒mlar</a> antik 莽a臒lardan beri kullan谋lagelmekteydi. <a href="/wiki/Antik_Roma" title="Antik Roma">Romal谋lar</a>, K谋z谋lderililer ve daha sonra Amerika'ya yerle艧en g枚莽menler de d芒hil olmak 眉zere pek 莽ok uygarl谋k topraklar谋n谋 savunmak i莽in bu t眉r istihk芒mlar谋 yayg谋n olarak kulland谋lar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:6</sup> Ge莽ici miza莽lar谋ndan dolay谋 g眉n眉m眉zde pek az palanka hayatta kalm谋艧t谋r ancak ara艧t谋rmalara g枚re bu t眉r yap谋lar Osmanl谋lar taraf谋ndan 14 ve 19. y眉zy谋l谋n sonlar谋 aras谋nda kullan谋lm谋艧t谋r.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20091_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20091-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Central_europe_1572.png"><img resource="/wiki/Dosya:Central_europe_1572.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Central_europe_1572.png/250px-Central_europe_1572.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Central_europe_1572.png/375px-Central_europe_1572.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Central_europe_1572.png/500px-Central_europe_1572.png 2x" data-file-width="922" data-file-height="880" /></a><figcaption>1572 y谋l谋nda Macaristan'daki Osmanl谋 Hudutlar谋 ve kentleri</figcaption></figure><p>脰zg眉ven'e (2001) g枚re palankalar谋n k枚keni, Osmanl谋'n谋n kurulu艧 devrinde ku艧atmalar s谋ras谋nda ele ge莽irilmek istenen kalenin 莽evresine in艧a edilen, birlikler ve ku艧atma silahlar谋 i莽in bir 眉s g枚revi g枚ren <i>havale</i> adl谋 ah艧ap istihk芒mlara dayanmaktayd谋. Palankalar havalelerinkine benzer 枚zelliklere sahipti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 16 ve 17. y眉zy谋llara gelindi臒inde Osmanl谋lar palankalar谋 Anadolu, Balkanlar, Karadeniz'in kuzeyi ve Kuzey Afrika'da kullanmaktayd谋lar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHayli201251_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHayli201251-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Osmanl谋lar hudutlar谋n谋, menzillerini (askeri istasyon) ve askeri g眉zerg芒hlar谋n谋 koruyabilmek i莽in bir savunma a臒谋na ihtiya莽 duydular. 陌mparatorluk 1526 y谋l谋nda <a href="/wiki/Moha%C3%A7_Muharebesi_(1526)" title="Moha莽 Muharebesi (1526)">Moha莽 Muharebesi</a>'yle Macaristan'谋 ele ge莽irdikten sonra b枚lgeyi stabilize edebilmek i莽in palanka denilen ah艧ap istihk芒mlardan yararland谋.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ucuz maliyetleri ve h谋zl谋 in艧a edilebilmeleri nedeniyle <a href="/wiki/Adriyatik_Denizi" title="Adriyatik Denizi">Adriyatik</a>'ten <a href="/wiki/Karadeniz" title="Karadeniz">Karadeniz</a>'e uzanan yay aras谋nda kalan b枚lgedeki 枚nemli noktalar谋, ge莽itleri ve g眉zerg芒hlar谋 palankalarla donatt谋lar. Bu istihk芒mlar Osmanl谋lar谋n Avrupa'daki savunma sisteminin temelini olu艧turdu.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:3</sup> </p><p>Palankalar Osmanl谋'n谋n do臒udaki topraklar谋nda da kullan谋lm谋艧t谋r. 脰rne臒in Safavilerin <a href="/wiki/Erivan" title="Erivan">Revan</a> Kalesi'nin do臒usuna bir palanka in艧a ettikleri bilinmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAkto201925_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAkto201925-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1630'larda Osmanl谋'n谋n do臒u s谋n谋r谋nda kerpi莽ten yap谋lan pek 莽ok palanka in艧a edilmi艧tir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAkto201928_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAkto201928-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Osmanl谋lar 16 ve 17. y眉zy谋ldaki savunma a臒谋 in艧as谋na 18. y眉zy谋lda da devam ettiler. Habsburglarla yap谋lan <a href="/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1-Kutsal_%C4%B0ttifak_sava%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Osmanl谋-Kutsal 陌ttifak sava艧lar谋">1683-99</a> ve <a href="/wiki/1735-1739_Osmanl%C4%B1-Rus-Avusturya_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="1735-1739 Osmanl谋-Rus-Avusturya Sava艧谋">1735-39</a> y谋llar谋 aras谋nda yap谋lan sava艧lar Osmanl谋lar谋n <a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan" title="H谋rvatistan">H谋rvatistan</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Karada%C4%9F_Prensli%C4%9Fi" title="Karada臒 Prensli臒i">Karada臒</a>'daki hudutlar谋n谋 g眉莽lendirmesine sebebiyet verdi. 1701 ile 1720 y谋llar谋 aras谋nda bir s眉r眉 palanka in艧a edildi. Ba艧ka bir askeri in艧aat program谋 1743 y谋l谋nda ba艧lad谋. 1781 ile 1785 y谋llar谋 aras谋nda <a href="/wiki/I._Abd%C3%BClhamid" title="I. Abd眉lhamid">I. Abd眉lhamid</a>'in vezirlerinden biri olan <a href="/wiki/Halil_Hamid_Pa%C5%9Fa" title="Halil Hamid Pa艧a">Halil Hamid Pa艧a</a> hudutlardaki tahkimatlar谋 dikkate alarak Frans谋z askeri uzmanlar谋n谋 getirdi. <a href="/wiki/Eflak" title="Eflak">Eflak</a>'ta da askeri in艧aatlar ger莽ekle艧ti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20093_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20093-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 19. y眉zy谋lda da palanka in艧as谋na devam edildi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20094-5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20094-5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>G眉n眉m眉zde Do臒u Anadolu'da bulunan <a href="/wiki/Erzincan" title="Erzincan">Erzincan</a>'daki baz谋 k枚yler de d芒hil olmak 眉zere<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHayli201244_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHayli201244-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Balkanlardaki -枚zellikle <a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rbistan" title="S谋rbistan">S谋rbistan</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Makedonya" title="Makedonya">Makedonya</a>'daki- pek 莽ok kasaban谋n isimlerinin k枚keni palankalara dayanmaktad谋r. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="陌n艧aat"><span id=".C4.B0n.C5.9Faat"></span>陌n艧aat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=5" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: 陌n艧aat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=5" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: 陌n艧aat"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Forts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Palanka_Forts.jpg/220px-Palanka_Forts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Palanka_Forts.jpg/330px-Palanka_Forts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Palanka_Forts.jpg/440px-Palanka_Forts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption>Marsigli'nin 莽izimlerinin daha sonra yay谋mlanan bir araya getirilmi艧 hali. Bu sefer her iki palankan谋n birer adet hende臒i oldu臒u g枚z眉kmektedir.</figcaption></figure> <p>Palankalar klasik Osmanl谋 kentlerinde bir <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7_kale" title="陌莽 kale">i莽 kale</a> g枚revi g枚r眉rd眉 yahut bir ana kalenin uzant谋s谋 olarak in艧a edilirdi. Nitekim Osmanl谋 kalelerinin bir莽o臒u ah艧ap istihk芒mlarla <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonework" class="extiw" title="en:Stonework">ta艧 i艧莽ili臒inin</a> bir kar谋艧谋m谋yd谋. 陌n艧a edilen palankalar daha sonra daha dayan谋kl谋 k芒gir bir yap谋yla yer de臒i艧tirebilirdi. Bu t眉r tahkimatlar h谋zl谋ca in艧a edilip geni艧letilebilirdi ve in艧aatlar谋nda kullan谋lan yap谋m malzemeleri b枚lgenin co臒rafi 枚zelliklerine g枚re de臒i艧irdi. Avrupa'daki palankalar谋n in艧as谋nda genellikle ah艧ap ve toprak kullan谋l谋rd谋. Do臒udaki palankalar谋n yap谋m malzemeleri 莽e艧itlilik g枚stermektedir. Do臒u b枚lgelerindeki kimi palankalar <a href="/wiki/Kerpi%C3%A7" title="Kerpi莽">kerpi莽ten</a> in艧a edilirken kimileriyse toprak ve 莽imenden in艧a edilmi艧tir. 陌n艧aat materyallerinin b枚lgeden b枚lgeye de臒i艧mesi, b枚lgedeki kaynaklar谋n s谋n谋rl谋l谋臒谋na ba臒l谋yd谋.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAkto201928_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAkto201928-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Palankalar genellikle d枚rtgen bir plan 眉zerine in艧a edilirlerdi. Palankalar谋n in艧as谋nda kullan谋lan duvarlar 莽e艧itlilik g枚stermektedir: Bu duvarlar ya Evliya 脟elebi'nin <i>yal谋n kat 莽it palanka</i> olarak adland谋rd谋臒谋 tek s谋ra kaz谋kl谋莽itlerden olu艧abilirdi ya da yine Evliya 脟elebi taraf谋ndan <i>dolma r谋ht谋m palanka duvar</i> olarak adland谋r谋lan daha karma艧谋k bir y枚ntemle in艧a edilirdi. Dolma duvar in艧as谋nda iki s谋ra kaz谋kl谋莽it, aras谋nda bo艧luk kalacak 艧ekilde birbirine paralel dikilir ve aras谋 toprakla doldurulurdu. 陌莽 ve d谋艧 duvarlar谋n topra臒谋n bas谋nc谋na kar艧谋 direnmesi i莽in duvar boyunca uzanan yatay kalaslar kullan谋l谋rd谋. Sonra destek kalaslar谋n谋n ba艧lar谋 d眉bellerle kaz谋kl谋莽itlere sabitlenirdi. Dolma duvar, askerlerin 眉zerinde y眉r眉yebilece臒i bir platform olu艧mas谋n谋 da sa臒lamaktayd谋. Ayr谋ca top ate艧ine kar艧谋 dayan谋kl谋l谋臒谋n谋 art谋rmak i莽in duvar horasani palanka ad谋 verilen bir y枚ntemde <a href="/wiki/Har%C3%A7_(mimarl%C4%B1k)" title="Har莽 (mimarl谋k)">har莽la</a> s谋vanabilirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStein200749_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStein200749-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicolle201021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Palankalar谋n etraf谋 <i>艧arampa</i> denilen hendeklerle 莽evrilirdi. Giri艧te bir asma k枚pr眉 bulunabilir ve ana kap谋n谋n 眉st眉ne <i>a臒a莽tan lonca k枚艧k眉</i> denilen bir g枚zetleme kulesi eklenebilirdi. Palankalar谋n k枚艧elerine yar谋m ay 艧eklindeki tabyalar in艧a edilir ve buraya toplar yerle艧tirilirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yerle艧im_merkezi"><span id="Yerle.C5.9Fim_merkezi"></span>Yerle艧im merkezi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=6" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Yerle艧im merkezi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=6" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Yerle艧im merkezi"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Balkanlar'da palankayla savunulanlar da d芒hil olmak 眉zere 16 ve 17. y眉zy谋ldaki Osmanl谋 kentleri; i莽 kale, varo艧 ve d谋艧艧ehir olmak 眉zere 眉莽 k谋s谋mdan olu艧urdu. Bir tepe gibi m眉dafaas谋 kolay bir yerde <a href="/wiki/Ku%C5%9Fatma" title="Ku艧atma">d谋艧 sald谋r谋lardan</a> korunmak ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0syan_(toplumsal)" title="陌syan (toplumsal)">isyanlar谋</a> bast谋rmak bir i莽 kale bulunurdu. Tarihi <a href="/wiki/Ge%C3%A7_Orta_%C3%87a%C4%9F" title="Ge莽 Orta 脟a臒">Ge莽 Orta 脟a臒</a>'a dayanabilen i莽 kale, pa艧an谋n kona臒谋n谋 ve k谋艧lalarda ufak bir garnizon bar谋nd谋r谋r, Osmanl谋 kamu y枚netimi taraf谋ndan askeri ama莽larla kullan谋l谋rd谋. <a href="/wiki/Alt%C4%B1n" title="Alt谋n">Alt谋n</a> ve <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9F" title="G眉m眉艧">g眉m眉艧</a> k眉l莽eleri de d芒hil olmak 眉zere <a href="/wiki/Erak" title="Erak">erzak</a> ve di臒er <a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1rdavat" title="H谋rdavat">tedarikler</a> bu k谋s谋mda saklan谋rd谋. Burada camiye 莽evrilen bir kilisenin mahzeni i莽i bo艧alt谋ld谋ktan sonra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zahire_ambar%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zahire ambar谋 (sayfa mevcut de臒il)">zahire ambar谋</a> olarak kullan谋labilirdi. Varo艧sa sakinleri asker olmayan <a href="/wiki/Sivil" title="Sivil">sivil</a> yerle艧keyi tan谋mlamak i莽in kullan谋l谋rd谋. Varo艧 sakinleri bar谋艧 zaman谋 <a href="/wiki/Tar%C4%B1m" title="Tar谋m">tar谋m</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Ticaret" title="Ticaret">ticaretle</a> u臒ra艧谋r, <a href="/wiki/Sava%C5%9F" title="Sava艧">sava艧</a> zaman谋 ise g枚reve 莽a臒r谋l谋rd谋. Varo艧un etraf谋 <a href="/wiki/Kaz%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_%C3%A7it" title="Kaz谋kl谋莽it">kaz谋kl谋莽itten</a> 枚r眉l眉 bir duvarla 莽evrilebilirdi. D谋艧艧ehirdeyse <a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rplar" title="S谋rplar">S谋rp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macarlar" title="Macarlar">Macar</a> gibi milletlere mensup Hristiyanlar ikamet ederdi. 陌莽 kale g枚revi g枚ren palankan谋n etraf谋ndaki bu yerle艧keler <a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">Tuna</a>'daki ticarete canl谋l谋k getirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Palankalarla korunan kentler birbirine kom艧u mahallelerin birle艧mesiyle olu艧urdu. <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCsl%C3%BCman" title="M眉sl眉man">M眉sl眉manlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hristiyanl%C4%B1k" title="Hristiyanl谋k">Hristiyanlar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Yahudiler" title="Yahudiler">Yahudiler</a> mahalle kurma haklar谋na sahipti ve kent, 莽e艧itli binalar bar谋nd谋r谋rd谋. Bunlar, seyyahlar谋n ve t眉ccarlar谋n kalabilmeleri i莽in <a href="/wiki/Kervansaray" title="Kervansaray">kervansaray</a>, ticaret faaliyetleri i莽in <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ar%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="脟ar艧谋">莽ar艧谋</a>, su depolamak i莽in <a href="/wiki/Sarn%C4%B1%C3%A7" title="Sarn谋莽">sarn谋莽</a>, hijyen i莽in <a href="/wiki/Hamam" title="Hamam">hamam</a>, ibadet etmek i莽in <a href="/wiki/Cami" title="Cami">cami</a> veya <a href="/wiki/Kilise" title="Kilise">kilise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanalizasyon" title="Kanalizasyon">la臒谋m sistemi</a>, e臒itim i莽in <a href="/wiki/Medrese" title="Medrese">medrese</a> ve askerlerin bar谋nabilmeleri i莽in <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1%C5%9Fla" title="K谋艧la">k谋艧lalard谋</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konum_ve_arazi">Konum ve arazi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=7" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Konum ve arazi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=7" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Konum ve arazi"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Towns_in_Hungary.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Towns_in_Hungary.png/220px-Towns_in_Hungary.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Towns_in_Hungary.png/330px-Towns_in_Hungary.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Towns_in_Hungary.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>Osmanl谋 y枚netimi alt谋ndaki Macaristan'da kentlerle birlikte nehir g眉zergahlar谋</figcaption></figure><p>Palankalar s谋n谋r b枚lgelerinde ve m眉him kav艧ak noktalar谋na in艧a edilirdi. Bunun sebebi fetihlerle ilerleyen yeni s谋n谋rlar谋 zapturapt alt谋na almakt谋.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Osmanl谋枚ncesi d枚neme ait <a href="/wiki/Budin" title="Budin">Buda</a>-<a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a> aras谋ndaki Orta 脟a臒 kentleri, ticari faaliyetler Tuna Nehri boyunca uzanan yollarda ger莽ekle艧mesine ra臒men nehir kenarlar谋 yerine tepe ba艧lar谋na kurulmu艧lard谋. Osmanl谋 d枚nemindeyse palankal谋 kentler, <a href="/wiki/Ova" title="Ova">d眉z araziye</a> ve s谋kl谋kla <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_bank" class="extiw" title="en:River bank">nehir kenarlar谋na</a> kuruldu. B枚ylelikle kolayl谋kla savunulabilen yerle艧im yerleri olu艧tu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bunun ba艧ka bir avantaj谋 da nehirdeki tekneleri ya臒mac谋 gemilerine kar艧谋 koruyabilmekti.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baz谋 palankalar 枚nemli kent merkezlerine ba臒l谋 olsa da 莽o臒u palanka k谋rsal b枚lgelerde daha k眉莽眉k yerle艧kelere yak谋n olarak in艧a edilmi艧tir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicolle201021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sava艧"><span id="Sava.C5.9F"></span>Sava艧</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=8" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Sava艧" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=8" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Sava艧"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Osmanl谋'n谋n palankalarla Macaristan'da kurudu臒u savunma a臒谋枚zellikle Romal谋lar谋n <a href="/wiki/Limes" title="Limes">limes</a> sistemine benzemekteydi. Palankalar谋n birbirlerine yol ve nehir g眉zerg芒hlar谋yla ba臒lanmas谋yla hudutlarda ve stratejik de臒eri olan b枚lgelerde bir savunma a臒谋 olu艧turulurdu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> E臒er bir palanka sald谋r谋ya u臒rarsa di臒er palankalardaki birlikler yard谋ma ko艧ard谋.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:6</sup> </p><p>Palankalar zaman zaman Osmanl谋lar ve d眉艧manlar谋 aras谋nda el de臒i艧tirmi艧tir. Bu savunma yap谋lar谋 b眉y眉k bir orduya dayanacak kuvvette de臒ildi. Pek 莽ok palanka sava艧madan teslim olmu艧tur ve seferlerde Osmanl谋lar谋n yollar谋n谋n 眉zerindeki t眉m palankalar谋莽abucak fethetti臒i g枚r眉lmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Palankalardaki garnizonun 莽o臒u <a href="/wiki/Azab" title="Azab">azeb</a> s谋n谋f谋 birliklerden olu艧maktayd谋.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStein200777_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStein200777-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> S谋n谋rlarda g枚rev alan palankalar, toplarla savunulan bir kaleye g枚re daha fazla s眉vari oran谋na sahip olabilirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStein2007121_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStein2007121-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Palankalar ah艧aptan yap谋ld谋臒谋 i莽in sava艧 s谋ras谋nda d眉艧man birlikleri taraf谋ndan yak谋lma riski vard谋. Ancak ah艧ap yap谋lar谋na ra臒men palankalar谋n duvarlar谋 toprakla dolduruldu臒u ve in艧aatlar谋nda kullan谋lan k眉t眉kler rutubetli oldu臒u i莽in tutu艧turulmalar谋 zordu. Ayr谋ca garnizondaki birlikler yang谋n s谋ras谋nda ate艧e m眉dahale edebilirdi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicolle201021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:7</sup> Kimi palankalar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanat_ate%C5%9Fi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanat ate艧i (sayfa mevcut de臒il)">kanat ate艧i</a> i莽in gereken vas谋talara sahip de臒ildi. Har莽la s谋vanm谋艧, toprak ve ah艧ap yap谋m谋 dolma duvarlar谋 ancak yak谋n mesafeden top ate艧iyle k谋r谋labilmekteydi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicolle201021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Edebiyat">Edebiyat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=9" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Edebiyat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=9" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Edebiyat"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>T眉rk hik芒ye yazar谋 <a href="/wiki/%C3%96mer_Seyfettin" title="脰mer Seyfettin">脰mer Seyfettin</a> "Ba艧谋n谋 Vermeyen 艦ehit" hik芒yesinde s谋n谋r b枚lgesinde bulunan, az say谋da askerle korunan Gerjgal Palankas谋'n谋n d眉艧man sald谋r谋s谋na kar艧谋 savunulu艧unu anlat谋r.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:8</sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resim_galerisi">Resim galerisi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=10" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Resim galerisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=10" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Resim galerisi"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Fort_3.png" class="mw-file-description" title="脕dony Palankas谋"><img alt="脕dony Palankas谋" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Palanka_Fort_3.png/73px-Palanka_Fort_3.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Palanka_Fort_3.png/109px-Palanka_Fort_3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Palanka_Fort_3.png/146px-Palanka_Fort_3.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">脕dony Palankas谋</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Fort_4.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Baranyavar Palankas谋"><img alt="Baranyavar Palankas谋" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Palanka_Fort_4.png/74px-Palanka_Fort_4.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Palanka_Fort_4.png/111px-Palanka_Fort_4.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Palanka_Fort_4.png/148px-Palanka_Fort_4.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Baranyavar Palankas谋</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Fort_5.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Paks Palankas谋"><img alt="Paks Palankas谋" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Palanka_Fort_5.png/73px-Palanka_Fort_5.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Palanka_Fort_5.png/110px-Palanka_Fort_5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Palanka_Fort_5.png/146px-Palanka_Fort_5.png 2x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="504" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Paks Palankas谋</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Palanka_Fort_6.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Szeksard Palankas谋"><img alt="Szeksard Palankas谋" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Palanka_Fort_6.png/74px-Palanka_Fort_6.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Palanka_Fort_6.png/111px-Palanka_Fort_6.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Palanka_Fort_6.png/148px-Palanka_Fort_6.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="489" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Szeksard Palankas谋</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynak莽a"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynak莽a</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=11" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Kaynak莽a" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=11" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Kaynak莽a"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="脰zel"><span id=".C3.96zel"></span>脰zel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=12" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: 脰zel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=12" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: 脰zel"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609152244/https://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=palanka">"palanka"</a>. <i>Ni艧anyan S枚zl眉k</i>. 9 Haziran 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=palanka">kayna臒谋ndan</a> ar艧ivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ni%C5%9Fanyan+S%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk&rft.atitle=palanka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnisanyansozluk.com%2F%3Fk%3Dpalanka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201462_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFG枚ger2014">G枚ger 2014</a>, s. 62.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013-3"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20013_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2001">脰zg眉ven 2001</a>, s. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERadushev199513-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERadushev199513_4-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRadushev1995">Radushev 1995</a>, s. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011-5"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20011_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2001">脰zg眉ven 2001</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/5234082/_Ottoman_fortification_palanka_">"Ottoman Fortification Palanka"</a> (陌ngilizce). Altar Modelling. 2009. 29 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210129040509/https://www.academia.edu/5234082/_Ottoman_fortification_palanka_">ar艧ivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ottoman+Fortification+Palanka&rft.pub=Altar+Modelling&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F5234082%2F_Ottoman_fortification_palanka_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20091-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20091_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2009">脰zg眉ven 2009</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHayli201251-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHayli201251_8-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHayli2012">Hayli 2012</a>, s. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAkto201925-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAkto201925_9-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAkto2019">Akto 2019</a>, s. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAkto201928-10"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAkto201928_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAkto201928_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAkto2019">Akto 2019</a>, s. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20093-11"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20093_11-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2009">脰zg眉ven 2009</a>, s. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20094-5-12"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20094-5_12-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2009">脰zg眉ven 2009</a>, s. 4-5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHayli201244-13"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHayli201244_13-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHayli2012">Hayli 2012</a>, s. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6-14"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven20015-6_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2001">脰zg眉ven 2001</a>, s. 5-6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStein200749-15"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStein200749_15-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStein2007">Stein 2007</a>, s. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicolle201021-16"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicolle201021_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicolle2010">Nicolle 2010</a>, s. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160-17"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE脰zg眉ven2003157-160_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF脰zg眉ven2003">脰zg眉ven 2003</a>, ss. 157-160.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463-18"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG枚ger201463_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFG枚ger2014">G枚ger 2014</a>, s. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStein200777-19"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStein200777_19-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStein2007">Stein 2007</a>, s. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStein2007121-20"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStein2007121_20-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStein2007">Stein 2007</a>, s. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070505055748/https://tr.wikisource.org/wiki/Ba%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1_Vermeyen_%C5%9Eehit">"Ba艧谋n谋 Vermeyen 艦ehit - Vikikaynak"</a>. <i>tr.wikisource.org</i>. 5 May谋s 2007 tarihinde <a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikisource.org/wiki/Ba%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1_Vermeyen_%C5%9Eehit">kayna臒谋ndan</a> ar艧ivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">28 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tr.wikisource.org&rft.atitle=Ba%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1+Vermeyen+%C5%9Eehit+-+Vikikaynak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FBa%25C5%259F%25C4%25B1n%25C4%25B1_Vermeyen_%25C5%259Eehit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genel">Genel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&veaction=edit&section=13" title="De臒i艧tirilen b枚l眉m: Genel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palanka&action=edit&section=13" title="B枚l眉m眉n kaynak kodunu de臒i艧tir: Genel"><span>kayna臒谋 de臒i艧tir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFRadushev1995" class="kaynak dergi">Radushev, Evgeni (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1807887/OTTOMAN_BORDER_PERIPHERY_SERHAD_IN_THE_VILAYET_OF_N%C4%B0%C4%9EBOLU_FIRST_HALF_OF_THE_16TH_CENTURY">"Ottoman Border Periphary (Serhad) in the Vilayet of Ni臒bolu, First Half of the 16th Century"</a>. 28 Kas谋m 2020 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128224905/https://www.academia.edu/1807887/OTTOMAN_BORDER_PERIPHERY_SERHAD_IN_THE_VILAYET_OF_N%C4%B0%C4%9EBOLU_FIRST_HALF_OF_THE_16TH_CENTURY">ar艧ivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ottoman+Border+Periphary+%28Serhad%29+in+the+Vilayet+of+Ni%C4%9Fbolu%2C+First+Half+of+the+16th+Century&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Radushev&rft.aufirst=Evgeni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F1807887%2FOTTOMAN_BORDER_PERIPHERY_SERHAD_IN_THE_VILAYET_OF_N%25C4%25B0%25C4%259EBOLU_FIRST_HALF_OF_THE_16TH_CENTURY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRhoads1999" class="kaynak kitap">Rhoads, Murphey (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e-reading-lib.com/bookreader.php/136094/rhoads-murphey-ottoman-warfare-1500-1700.pdf"><i>Ottoman Warfare 1500-1700</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (陌ngilizce). 21 Mart 2020 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200321053253/https://www.e-reading-lib.com/bookreader.php/136094/rhoads-murphey-ottoman-warfare-1500-1700.pdf">ar艧ivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ottoman+Warfare+1500-1700&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Rhoads&rft.aufirst=Murphey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-reading-lib.com%2Fbookreader.php%2F136094%2Frhoads-murphey-ottoman-warfare-1500-1700.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF脰zg眉ven2001" class="kaynak dergi">脰zg眉ven, Burcu (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/9386891/_The_Palanka_A_Characteristic_Building_Type_of_the_Ottoman_Fortification_Network_in_Hungary_EJOS_Electronic_Journal_of_Oriental_Studies_Proceedings_of_the_XIth_International_Congress_of_Turkish_Art_Utrecht_The_Netherlands_no_34_Vol_IV_Y%C4%B1l_2001_1_12">"The Palanka: A Characteristic Building Type of the Ottoman Fortification Network in Hungary"</a> (陌ngilizce). 1 艦ubat 2021 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201190130/https://www.academia.edu/9386891/_The_Palanka_A_Characteristic_Building_Type_of_the_Ottoman_Fortification_Network_in_Hungary_EJOS_Electronic_Journal_of_Oriental_Studies_Proceedings_of_the_XIth_International_Congress_of_Turkish_Art_Utrecht_The_Netherlands_no_34_Vol_IV_Y%C4%B1l_2001_1_12">ar艧ivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Palanka%3A+A+Characteristic+Building+Type+of+the+Ottoman+Fortification+Network+in+Hungary&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=%C3%96zg%C3%BCven&rft.aufirst=Burcu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F9386891%2F_The_Palanka_A_Characteristic_Building_Type_of_the_Ottoman_Fortification_Network_in_Hungary_EJOS_Electronic_Journal_of_Oriental_Studies_Proceedings_of_the_XIth_International_Congress_of_Turkish_Art_Utrecht_The_Netherlands_no_34_Vol_IV_Y%25C4%25B1l_2001_1_12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF脰zg眉ven2003" class="kaynak kitap">脰zg眉ven, Burcu (2003). "Characteristics of Turkish and Hungarian Palanka-protected Settlements along the River Danube". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/9386910/_Characteristics_of_Turkish_and_Hungarian_Palanka_protected_Settlements_along_the_River_Danube_Opuscula_Hungarica_Archaeology_of_the_Ottoman_Period_in_Hungary_yay%C4%B1na_haz%C4%B1rlayan_Ibolya_Gerelyes_Gy%C3%B6rgyi_Kovacs_Hungarian_National_Museum_Budapest_2003_s_155_160"><i>Archaeology of the Ottoman Period in Hungary</i></a> (陌ngilizce). 30 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130142934/https://www.academia.edu/9386910/_Characteristics_of_Turkish_and_Hungarian_Palanka_protected_Settlements_along_the_River_Danube_Opuscula_Hungarica_Archaeology_of_the_Ottoman_Period_in_Hungary_yay%C4%B1na_haz%C4%B1rlayan_Ibolya_Gerelyes_Gy%C3%B6rgyi_Kovacs_Hungarian_National_Museum_Budapest_2003_s_155_160">ar艧ivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+Turkish+and+Hungarian+Palanka-protected+Settlements+along+the+River+Danube&rft.btitle=Archaeology+of+the+Ottoman+Period+in+Hungary&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=%C3%96zg%C3%BCven&rft.aufirst=Burcu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F9386910%2F_Characteristics_of_Turkish_and_Hungarian_Palanka_protected_Settlements_along_the_River_Danube_Opuscula_Hungarica_Archaeology_of_the_Ottoman_Period_in_Hungary_yay%25C4%25B1na_haz%25C4%25B1rlayan_Ibolya_Gerelyes_Gy%25C3%25B6rgyi_Kovacs_Hungarian_National_Museum_Budapest_2003_s_155_160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFStein2007" class="kaynak kitap">Stein, Mark L. (2007). <i>Guarding the Frontier: Ottoman Border Forts and Garrisons in Europe</i> (陌ngilizce).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guarding+the+Frontier%3A+Ottoman+Border+Forts+and+Garrisons+in+Europe&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=Mark+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF脰zg眉ven2009" class="kaynak kitap">脰zg眉ven, Burcu (2009). "Palanka Forts and Construction Activity in the Late Ottoman Balkans". <i>Frontiers of the Ottoman World</i> (陌ngilizce).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Palanka+Forts+and+Construction+Activity+in+the+Late+Ottoman+Balkans&rft.btitle=Frontiers+of+the+Ottoman+World&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=%C3%96zg%C3%BCven&rft.aufirst=Burcu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eri艧im-tarihi=</code> kullanmak i莽in <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> gerekiyor (<a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:KB1_hatalar%C4%B1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Yard谋m:KB1 hatalar谋">yard谋m</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNicolle2010" class="kaynak kitap">Nicolle, David (2010). <i>Ottoman Fortifications 1300-1710</i> (陌ngilizce). Osprey Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ottoman+Fortifications+1300-1710&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Nicolle&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHayli2012" class="kaynak dergi">Hayli, Sel莽uk (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docplayer.biz.tr/18808840-Az-bilinen-bir-yerlesme-tipi-palangalar-ve-erzincan-ovasinda-palanga-yerlesmesi-ornekleri.html">"Az Bilinen Bir Yerle艧me Tipi Palangalar ve Erzincan Ovas谋nda Palanga Yerle艧mesi 脰rnekleri"</a>. 28 Kas谋m 2020 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128012002/https://docplayer.biz.tr/18808840-Az-bilinen-bir-yerlesme-tipi-palangalar-ve-erzincan-ovasinda-palanga-yerlesmesi-ornekleri.html">ar艧ivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Az+Bilinen+Bir+Yerle%C5%9Fme+Tipi+Palangalar+ve+Erzincan+Ovas%C4%B1nda+Palanga+Yerle%C5%9Fmesi+%C3%96rnekleri&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Hayli&rft.aufirst=Sel%C3%A7uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocplayer.biz.tr%2F18808840-Az-bilinen-bir-yerlesme-tipi-palangalar-ve-erzincan-ovasinda-palanga-yerlesmesi-ornekleri.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFG枚ger2014" class="kaynak tez">G枚ger, Veysel (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/37252124/16_Y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l_Osmanl%C4%B1_Kale_Ku%C5%9Fatmalar%C4%B1_strateji_taktik_ku%C5%9Fatma_a%C5%9Famalar%C4%B1_ve_teknolojisi_Ottoman_Siege_Warfare_in_the_Sixteenth_Century_strategy_tactic_siege_stages_and_tecnology_"><i>16. Y眉zy谋l Osmanl谋 Kale Ku艧atmalar谋 (strateji, taktik, ku艧atma a艧amalar谋 ve teknolojisi)</i></a> (Tez)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">27 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=16.+Y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l+Osmanl%C4%B1+Kale+Ku%C5%9Fatmalar%C4%B1+%28strateji%2C+taktik%2C+ku%C5%9Fatma+a%C5%9Famalar%C4%B1+ve+teknolojisi%29&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=G%C3%B6ger&rft.aufirst=Veysel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F37252124%2F16_Y%25C3%25BCzy%25C4%25B1l_Osmanl%25C4%25B1_Kale_Ku%25C5%259Fatmalar%25C4%25B1_strateji_taktik_ku%25C5%259Fatma_a%25C5%259Famalar%25C4%25B1_ve_teknolojisi_Ottoman_Siege_Warfare_in_the_Sixteenth_Century_strategy_tactic_siege_stages_and_tecnology_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAc谋o臒lu2016" class="kaynak dergi">Ac谋o臒lu, Yusuf (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/255327">"脟anakkale Tabyalar谋"</a>. <b>XXV</b> (1). Sanat Tarihi Dergisi. 12 艦ubat 2021 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210212221405/https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/255327">ar艧ivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%87anakkale+Tabyalar%C4%B1&rft.pub=Sanat+Tarihi+Dergisi&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Ac%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu&rft.aufirst=Yusuf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdergipark.org.tr%2Ftr%2Fdownload%2Farticle-file%2F255327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAkto2019" class="kaynak tez">Akto, Deniz Arma臒an (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12623701/index.pdf#"><i>Ottoman Fortresses and Garrisons in the Hungarian and Eastern Frontiers</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (Tez). 22 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kayna臒谋ndan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210122011624/https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12623701/index.pdf">ar艧ivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Eri艧im tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Ocak</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Ottoman+Fortresses+and+Garrisons+in+the+Hungarian+and+Eastern+Frontiers&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Akto&rft.aufirst=Deniz+Arma%C4%9Fan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetd.lib.metu.edu.tr%2Fupload%2F12623701%2Findex.pdf%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APalanka" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tahkimat_(陌lk_olarak_ortaya_莽谋kt谋klar谋_tarihsel_d枚neme_g枚re)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Tahkimat" title="艦ablon:Tahkimat"><abbr title="Bu 艧ablonu g枚r眉nt眉le" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Tahkimat" title="艦ablon tart谋艧ma:Tahkimat"><abbr title="Bu 艧ablonu tart谋艧" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Tahkimat&action=edit"><abbr title="Bu 艧ablonu de臒i艧tir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tahkimat_(陌lk_olarak_ortaya_莽谋kt谋klar谋_tarihsel_d枚neme_g枚re)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tahkimat" title="Tahkimat">Tahkimat</a> <br /><small>(陌lk olarak ortaya 莽谋kt谋klar谋 tarihsel d枚neme g枚re)</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1; padding:0.35em 1em; text-align:center;">陌lk 脟a臒</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Abatis" title="Abatis">Abatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Araba_kalesi" title="Araba kalesi">Araba kalesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castra" title="Castra">Castra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crannog" title="Crannog">Crannog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gord" title="Gord">Gord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7_kale" title="陌莽 kale">陌莽 kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kale" title="Kale">Hisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kale" title="Kale">Kale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur" title="Sur">Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehir_kap%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="艦ehir kap谋s谋">艦ehir kap谋s谋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuzak_hendek" title="Tuzak hendek">Tuzak hendek</a></li> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Jinshangling2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jinshangling2.jpg/100px-Jinshangling2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jinshangling2.jpg/150px-Jinshangling2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jinshangling2.jpg/200px-Jinshangling2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1818" data-file-height="1228" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1; padding:0.35em 1em; text-align:center;">Orta 脟a臒</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1l%C4%B1r_kapan%C4%B1r_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BC" title="A莽谋l谋r kapan谋r k枚pr眉">A莽谋l谋r kapan谋r k枚pr眉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1kma_kule" title="脟谋kma kule">脟谋kma kule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demir_dikeni" title="Demir dikeni">Demir dikeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikenli_parmakl%C4%B1k" title="Dikenli parmakl谋k">Dikenli parmakl谋k</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendek" title="Hendek">Hendek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stihk%C3%A2m_duvar%C4%B1" title="陌stihk芒m duvar谋">陌stihk芒m duvar谋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bur%C3%A7_(tahkimat)" title="Bur莽 (tahkimat)">Kale burcu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6pr%C3%BC_kalesi" title="K枚pr眉 kalesi">K枚pr眉 kalesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazgall%C4%B1_siper" title="Mazgall谋 siper">Mazgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eato" title="艦ato">艦ato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepe_mazgal%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepe mazgal谋">Tepe mazgal谋</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1; padding:0.35em 1em; text-align:center;">Yeni 脟a臒</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6%C4%9F%C3%BCs_siperi" title="G枚臒眉s siperi">G枚臒眉s siperi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazamat" title="Kazamat">Kazamat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cheval_de_frise" title="Cheval de frise">Cheval de frise</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum_torbas%C4%B1" title="Kum torbas谋">Kum torbas谋</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Palanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punji_kaz%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Punji kaz谋臒谋">Punji kaz谋臒谋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabya" title="Tabya">Tabya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_kale" title="Y谋ld谋z kale">Y谋ld谋z kale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1; padding:0.35em 1em; text-align:center;">Yak谋n 脟a臒</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_engelleri" title="Anti-tank engelleri">Anti-tank engelleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbet" title="Barbet">Barbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beton_bariyer" title="Beton bariyer">Beton bariyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikenli_tel" title="Dikenli tel">Dikenli tel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejderha_di%C5%9Fi" title="Ejderha di艧i">Ejderha di艧i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesco_bariyerleri" title="Hesco bariyerleri">Hesco bariyerleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May%C4%B1n" title="May谋n">May谋n</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korugan" title="Korugan">Korugan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1nak" title="S谋臒谋nak">S谋臒谋nak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_%C3%BCst%C3%BCvane" title="Tel 眉st眉vane">Tel 眉st眉vane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C3%A7aksavar_kulesi" title="U莽aksavar kulesi">U莽aksavar kulesi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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