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<div class="article"> <div class="article__body"> <div class="article__body__section article__body__section--video_player"><div class="videoPlayer" data-js-component="YoutubeVideo" data-youtube-id="N0tMNxdPA1E"> <div class="videoPlayer__player"> <div class="videoPlayer__poster"> <div class="videoPlayer__poster__play"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="6 -15 61 61"><g fill="#5E6167"><path d="M31.104 30.114L29.69 28.7l13.364-13.365L29.831 2.112 31.245.698l14.637 14.637z"/><path d="M36.337 45.387c-16.547 0-29.982-13.435-29.982-29.981S19.79-14.575 36.337-14.575c16.546 0 29.98 13.435 29.98 29.98s-13.434 29.982-29.98 29.982zm0-57.983C20.922-12.596 8.406-.08 8.406 15.335s12.586 28.002 28.001 28.002c15.415 0 28.002-12.587 28.002-28.002s-12.516-27.93-28.072-27.93z"/></g></svg> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="article__body__section article__body__section--rich_text"><div class="richtext"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We’re excited to announce that we’ve led the $33M Series B in <a href="https://www.gametogen.com/">Gameto</a>,* a biotechnology company developing novel treatment solutions for women’s health.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While a remarkable medical achievement, the process of </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> fertilization (IVF) and egg freezing is undeniably grueling. The first step of the process, known as hormonal stimulation, involves hyperstimulation of the ovaries to mature as many eggs as possible through about two weeks of twice-daily self-administered injections. It’s painful, inconvenient, and comes with a handful of mental and physical side effects, from headaches, nausea, and bloating to mood swings and anxiety. Worse, </span><a href="https://www.asrm.org/practice-guidance/practice-committee-documents/prevention-and-treatment-of-moderate-and-severe-ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-a-guideline/?_t_id=Q0P8_pDkh6I_z5TVjCFOFw==&_t_uuid=2c9JKi_cRDCraKpyKF8zXQ&_t_q=ohss&_t_tags=siteid:01216f06-3dc9-4ac9-96da-555740dd020c,language:en,andquerymatch&_t_hit.id=ASRM_Models_Pages_ContentPage/_338e92af-4aaa-494a-8697-08d6e64a2095_en&_t_hit.pos=1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">1 in 3 women experience ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS), a painful, potentially dangerous response to stimulation. </span></a></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But it doesn’t end there. Beyond the toll on mental and physical well-being, the constant injections, side effects, required 3-6 follow-up appointments, and discomfort from the egg retrieval make balancing fertility treatments with a career near impossible. A </span><a href="https://fertilitynetworkuk.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Fertility-Network-Infertility-and-Fertility-treatment-Impact-report-2022.pdf"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2022 Fertility Network UK survey</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> revealed a sobering reality: a third (36%) of respondents felt their careers were damaged due to undergoing fertility treatment. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And we haven’t even addressed the staggering financial burden. According to the N.C.S.L., a single IVF treatment can cost anywhere from </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/article/ivf-treatment-costs-guide.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">$12,000 to $17,000</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, potentially reaching $25,000 with medication costs factored in. Now consider that it takes an average of three cycles to achieve a successful pregnancy – a price tag that renders this path to parenthood unattainable for many. And egg freezing alone is only slightly less expensive with an average cost of </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/23/well/family/egg-freezing-risks-cost.html"><span style="font-weight: 400;">$8,500 to $14,000</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While I’m immensely grateful for the medical advancements that allowed me to have my son, the overall IVF process made me question why the significant financial, physical, and emotional tolls on those pursuing treatment were viewed as unavoidable hurdles to parenthood. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Around that same period, Dr. Dina Radenkovic, Co-founder and CEO of Gameto, was grappling with these challenges firsthand.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Shortly after relocating to New York City, she faced the dilemma that many career-driven women encounter––wanting children but not feeling it was the right time. As her biological clock ticked, she looked into freezing her eggs. Her plans quickly stalled when confronted with the required financial costs and time investment.</span></p><p><b>Meet Gameto</b></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Their lead program,</span> <a href="https://www.gametogen.com/fertilo/fertilo-product-overview"><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fertilo</span></i></a><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">,</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a novel investigational <em>in vitro</em> maturation (IVM) solution containing engineered ovarian support cells (OSCs) to mature eggs outside of the body. Previous research showed that Gameto’s approach effectively matures human eggs outside of the body to create healthy human euploid, or genetically normal, embryos, which means eggs could be retrieved from patients with less hormonal stimulation.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">By recreating the dynamic follicular environment––the micro-environment within the ovarian follicle where an egg develops and matures before ovulation occurs––in a lab using engineered ovarian support cells (OSCs), research published in </span><a href="https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/38/12/2456/7303814?login=false"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Human Reproduction</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> showed that Fertilo significantly reduced the need for hormonal injections and shortened the IVF and egg freezing cycle from 10-14 days to just 2-3 days. Unsurprisingly, compared to conventional stimulation, women in the study who used Fertilo </span><a href="https://www.fertstertscience.org/article/S2666-335X(24)00029-6/fulltext"><span style="font-weight: 400;">reported fewer side effects, lower pain levels, and higher satisfaction rates</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p> </div></div><div class="article__body__section article__body__section--figure"><div class="figureWrapper"> <figure> <div class="imageBlock" style="padding-top: 26.4%;" data-animation="blur" data-image-url="https://twosigmaventures.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/gameto-pie-chart@3x.png" data-js-component="LoadImage" > <img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="" class="imageBlock__image imageBlock__image--preload"> </div> <figcaption class="richtext richtext--caption"> Gameto </figcaption> </figure></div></div><div class="article__body__section article__body__section--rich_text"><div class="richtext"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gameto’s product candidate, Fertilo, will not only offer a more convenient option for women undergoing fertility treatment, but recently published research shows that eggs matured with Fertilo are genetically similar to eggs that were matured in the human body. A paper published last week in the </span><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10815-024-03143-4"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> found a statistically significant increase in the rate of eggs reaching the critical metaphase II stage required for fertilization compared to eggs matured with IVM, with no observable abnormalities. Remarkably, the eggs matured with Fertilo exhibited improved nuclear maturation and gene expression patterns that more closely mirror those of eggs matured in the human body, showing the </span><a href="https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/38/12/2456/7303814?login=false"><span style="font-weight: 400;">highest efficacy rate of euploid embryo formation</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> than any other IVM product reported for human use.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gameto is initially focusing on optimizing Fertilo for </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;"> fertilization (IVF) procedures, but plans to leverage this technology to develop solutions for other reproductive health issues, such as ovarian diseases and menopause.</span></p><p><b>IVF Isn’t Just A Women’s Health Solution </b></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The demand for fertility treatments is surging. In the United States alone, </span><a href="https://www.rbmojournal.com/article/S1472-6483(18)30598-4/pdf"><span style="font-weight: 400;">over 2.5 million IVF cycles are performed annually, with a year-over-year growth rate of 7.5%</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Drawing from her expertise as a physician and scientist researching longevity and the epigenetic clock, Dr. Dina Radenkovic views declining fertility as a consequence of extended life expectancy outpacing the biological timeline of a woman’s reproductive years.</span></p> </div></div><div class="article__body__section article__body__section--figure"><div class="figureWrapper"> <figure> <div class="imageBlock" style="padding-top: 83.1%;" data-animation="blur" data-image-url="https://twosigmaventures.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/Screenshot-2024-06-07-at-11.28.45-AM.png" data-js-component="LoadImage" > <img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="" class="imageBlock__image imageBlock__image--preload"> </div> <figcaption class="richtext richtext--caption"> The Wall Street Journal, May 13, 2024 </figcaption> </figure></div></div><div class="article__body__section article__body__section--rich_text"><div class="richtext"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Coupled with financial pressures and changes in societal and workforce dynamics, </span><a href="https://www.wsj.com/us-news/america-birth-rate-decline-a111d21b"><span style="font-weight: 400;">women in their mid-to-late 30s are now having children at similar rates to those in their early to mid-20s</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">And difficulty conceiving has unfairly been shouldered by women. Male infertility accounts for half of all infertility cases, and over the past 40 years, </span><a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230327-how-pollution-is-causing-a-male-fertility-crisis"><span style="font-weight: 400;">sperm counts worldwide have halved</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. While IVF is commonly associated with treating female infertility, it has become a go-to solution for male infertility due to the relatively low effectiveness of intrauterine insemination (IUI). </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">IVF is also increasingly being embraced as a pathway to parenthood by populations who have faced barriers in the past. This includes carriers of genetic disorders now identifiable through screening, individuals rendered infertile due to medical treatments or illnesses, as well as single parents and same-sex couples looking to start families. By making IVF more accessible, Gameto would be able to further open doors for these groups to have children.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">At the core of our conviction in Gameto is the remarkable team driving this mission forward. Led by Dr. Dina Radenkovic, a physician-turned-entrepreneur with deep expertise in ovarian aging, and Martin Varsavsky, a serial entrepreneur who founded one of North America’s largest fertility clinic networks, Gameto has cultivated a driven, high-performing culture laser-focused on scientific excellence and innovation. Their collective vision, passion, and expertise give us confidence that if any team can revolutionize fertility treatments and open new and more accessible paths to parenthood on a global scale, it is this one. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gameto is hiring. Learn more </span><a href="https://www.gametogen.com/careers"><span style="font-weight: 400;">here</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p><p><a href="https://twosigmaventures.com/subscribe/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Subscribe</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to our newsletter to get updated when new pieces are published. </span></p> </div></div> </div> <div class="article__legal"> <div class="richtext richtext--footnote"> <p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">*See all TSV investments </span></i><a href="https://twosigmaventures.com/two-sigma-ventures-investments"><span style="font-weight: 400;">here</span></a><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></i></p><p><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">The views expressed herein are solely the views of the author(s), are as of the date they were originally posted, and are not necessarily the views of Two Sigma Ventures, LP, or any of its affiliates. They are not intended to provide, and should not be relied upon for, investment advice, nor is any information herein any offer to buy or sell any security or intended as the basis for the purchase or sale of any investment. The information herein has not been and will not be updated or otherwise revised to reflect information that subsequently becomes available, or circumstances existing or changes occurring after the date of preparation. Certain information contained herein is based on published and unpublished sources. The information has not been independently verified by TSV or its representatives, and the accuracy or completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Your linking to or use of any third-party websites is at your own risk. Two Sigma Ventures disclaims any responsibility for the products or services offered or the information contained on any third-party websites.</span></i></p> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div><section class="page__section page__section--related_articles" id="related-posts" aria-label="Related Posts" > <header class="page__section__header"> <h2 class="page__section__title">Related Posts</h2> </header> <div class="page__section__body"> <div class="columnWrapper columnWrapper--3"> <div class="columnWrapper__item columnWrapper__item--post_block"><div class="postBlock postBlock--bg"> <a href="https://twosigmaventures.com/blog/article/sequencing-the-earth-for-cures-with-hexagon-bios-maureen-hillenmeyer/"> <div class="postBlock__image"> <div class="imageBlock" style="padding-top: 50.0%;" data-animation="blur" data-image-url="https://twosigmaventures.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/Founder-Feature-Maureen-Headshot-Banner-2023-3-1@2x.png" data-js-component="LoadImage" > <img 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