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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Levensloop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Levensloop</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Levensloop-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Levensloop-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Levensloop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Achtergrond_en_vroege_carrière" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Achtergrond_en_vroege_carrière"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Achtergrond en vroege carrière</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Achtergrond_en_vroege_carrière-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eerste_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eerste_minister"> <div 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data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Giovanni Spadolini: verschil tussen versies</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Beschikbaar in 39 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="جيوفاني سبادوليني – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيوفاني سبادوليني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%89" title="جيوفانى سبادولينى – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيوفانى سبادولينى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B9_%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Τζοβάνι Σπαντολίνι – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζοβάνι Σπαντολίνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="جووانی اسپادولینی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جووانی اسپادولینی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%91%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B" title="ジョヴァンニ・スパドリーニ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョヴァンニ・スパドリーニ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Spadolini" title="Ioannes Spadolini – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Спадолини, Джованни – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Спадолини, Джованни" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Ђовани Спадолини – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ђовани Спадолини" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Джованні Спадоліні – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джованні Спадоліні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini" title="Giovanni Spadolini – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Giovanni Spadolini" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%95%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC" title="乔瓦尼·斯帕多利尼 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乔瓦尼·斯帕多利尼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" 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lang="nl"> <td colspan="2" class="diff-otitle diff-side-deleted"><div id="mw-diff-otitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Spadolini&oldid=43863913" title="Giovanni Spadolini">Versie van 18 apr 2015 17:57</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Spadolini&action=edit&oldid=43863913" title="Giovanni Spadolini">bewerken</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2015-04-18T16:57:05Z"></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/Gebruiker:Tristan_Surtel" class="mw-redirect mw-userlink" title="Gebruiker:Tristan Surtel" data-mw-revid="43863913"><bdi>Tristan Surtel</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Overleg_gebruiker:Tristan_Surtel" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Overleg gebruiker:Tristan Surtel">overleg</a> | <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Bijdragen/Tristan_Surtel" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Speciaal:Bijdragen/Tristan Surtel">bijdragen</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div 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data-timestamp="2015-04-18T16:58:07Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Spadolini&action=edit&undoafter=43863913&undo=43863921" title="Met "ongedaan maken" draait u deze bewerking terug en komt in het bewerkingsvenster. U kunt in de bewerkingssamenvatting een reden opgeven.">ongedaan maken</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/Gebruiker:Bart_Versieck" class="mw-userlink" title="Gebruiker:Bart Versieck" data-mw-revid="43863921"><bdi>Bart Versieck</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Overleg_gebruiker:Bart_Versieck" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Overleg gebruiker:Bart Versieck">overleg</a> | <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Bijdragen/Bart_Versieck" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Speciaal:Bijdragen/Bart Versieck">bijdragen</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>32.600</span> bewerkingen</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">Repareer <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LND" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LND">link naar doorverwijspagina</a> met <a href="/wiki/G:ZM" class="mw-redirect" title="G:ZM">Zeusmodus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milaan" title="Milaan">Milaan</a> → <a href="/wiki/Milaan_(stad)" title="Milaan (stad)">Milaan (stad)</a></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Spadolini&diff=next&oldid=43863921" title="Giovanni Spadolini" id="differences-nextlink">Nieuwere bewerking →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Regel 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Regel 1:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>[[File:GSpadolini.jpg|thumb|Giovanni Spadolini.]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>[[File:GSpadolini.jpg|thumb|Giovanni Spadolini.]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>'''Giovanni Spadolini''' ([[Florence (stad)|Florence]], [[21 juni]] [[1925]] - [[Rome (stad)|Rome]], [[4 augustus]] [[1994]]) was een [[Italië|Italiaans]] [[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">republikeinen (Italië)</del>|republikeins]] [[politicus]]. Hij was de 44ste [[premier (regeringsleider)|premier]] van Italië, krantenuitgever, [[journalist]] en [[historicus]].</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>'''Giovanni Spadolini''' ([[Florence (stad)|Florence]], [[21 juni]] [[1925]] - [[Rome (stad)|Rome]], [[4 augustus]] [[1994]]) was een [[Italië|Italiaans]] [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">republicanisme</ins>|republikeins]] [[politicus]]. Hij was de 44ste [[premier (regeringsleider)|premier]] van Italië, krantenuitgever, [[journalist]] en [[historicus]].</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==Levensloop==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==Levensloop==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>===Achtergrond en vroege [[loopbaan|carrière]]===</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>===Achtergrond en vroege [[loopbaan|carrière]]===</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>Spadolini studeerde rechten aan de [[Universiteit van Florence]] en kort na zijn graduatie werd hij benoemd tot professor in de moderne geschiedenis aan de faculteit politieke wetenschappen. Ook werd hij politiek columnist bij verschillende kranten en werd in 1955 hoofduitgever van de krant ''Il Resto del Carlino'' in Bologna, waarbij de oplage gedurende zijn dienstperiode verdubbelde. Als journalist gebruikte hij soms het pseudoniem ''Giovanni dalle Bande Nere''. In 1968 verhuisde hij naar [[Milaan]] om uitgever te worden van [[Corriere della Sera]], de grootste Italiaanse krant. Dit bleef hij tot hij de journalistiek verliet om in de politiek te kunnen stappen. </div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Spadolini studeerde rechten aan de [[Universiteit van Florence]] en kort na zijn graduatie werd hij benoemd tot professor in de moderne geschiedenis aan de faculteit politieke wetenschappen. Ook werd hij politiek columnist bij verschillende kranten en werd in 1955 hoofduitgever van de krant ''Il Resto del Carlino'' in Bologna, waarbij de oplage gedurende zijn dienstperiode verdubbelde. Als journalist gebruikte hij soms het pseudoniem ''Giovanni dalle Bande Nere''. In 1968 verhuisde hij naar [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Milaan (stad)|</ins>Milaan]] om uitgever te worden van [[Corriere della Sera]], de grootste Italiaanse krant. Dit bleef hij tot hij de journalistiek verliet om in de politiek te kunnen stappen. </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>In 1972 werd hij verkozen tot [[senator]] en werd al snel Minister van Milieu en later van Onderwijs. In 1979 nam hij het leiderschap van de kleine, maar machtige [[Republikeinse Partij van Italië]] over, en dit tot in 1987. Van 1974 tot 1976 was hij tevens Minister van Cultuur en van 1983 tot 1987 van Defensie.</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>In 1972 werd hij verkozen tot [[senator]] en werd al snel Minister van Milieu en later van Onderwijs. In 1979 nam hij het leiderschap van de kleine, maar machtige [[Republikeinse Partij van Italië]] over, en dit tot in 1987. Van 1974 tot 1976 was hij tevens Minister van Cultuur en van 1983 tot 1987 van Defensie.</div></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Versie van 18 apr 2015 17:58</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:GSpadolini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/GSpadolini.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="170" /></a><figcaption>Giovanni Spadolini.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Giovanni Spadolini</b> (<a href="/wiki/Florence_(stad)" title="Florence (stad)">Florence</a>, <a href="/wiki/21_juni" title="21 juni">21 juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1925" title="1925">1925</a> - <a href="/wiki/Rome_(stad)" title="Rome (stad)">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_augustus" title="4 augustus">4 augustus</a> <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>) was een <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italiaans</a> <a href="/wiki/Republicanisme" title="Republicanisme">republikeins</a> <a href="/wiki/Politicus" title="Politicus">politicus</a>. Hij was de 44ste <a href="/wiki/Premier_(regeringsleider)" title="Premier (regeringsleider)">premier</a> van Italië, krantenuitgever, <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a> en <a href="/wiki/Historicus" title="Historicus">historicus</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Levensloop">Levensloop</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Achtergrond_en_vroege_carrière"><span id="Achtergrond_en_vroege_carri.C3.A8re"></span>Achtergrond en vroege <a href="/wiki/Loopbaan" title="Loopbaan">carrière</a></h3></div> <p>Spadolini studeerde rechten aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Florence" title="Universiteit van Florence">Universiteit van Florence</a> en kort na zijn graduatie werd hij benoemd tot professor in de moderne geschiedenis aan de faculteit politieke wetenschappen. Ook werd hij politiek columnist bij verschillende kranten en werd in 1955 hoofduitgever van de krant <i>Il Resto del Carlino</i> in Bologna, waarbij de oplage gedurende zijn dienstperiode verdubbelde. Als journalist gebruikte hij soms het pseudoniem <i>Giovanni dalle Bande Nere</i>. In 1968 verhuisde hij naar <a href="/wiki/Milaan_(stad)" title="Milaan (stad)">Milaan</a> om uitgever te worden van <a href="/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera" title="Corriere della Sera">Corriere della Sera</a>, de grootste Italiaanse krant. Dit bleef hij tot hij de journalistiek verliet om in de politiek te kunnen stappen. </p><p>In 1972 werd hij verkozen tot <a href="/wiki/Senator" class="mw-disambig" title="Senator">senator</a> en werd al snel Minister van Milieu en later van Onderwijs. In 1979 nam hij het leiderschap van de kleine, maar machtige <a href="/wiki/Republikeinse_Partij_van_Itali%C3%AB" title="Republikeinse Partij van Italië">Republikeinse Partij van Italië</a> over, en dit tot in 1987. Van 1974 tot 1976 was hij tevens Minister van Cultuur en van 1983 tot 1987 van Defensie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eerste_minister">Eerste minister</h3></div> <p>Van 1981 tot 1982 was hij <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Eerste Minister">Eerste Minister</a> van Italië en was daarmee de eerste niet-christendemocratische premier sinds het einde van de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Wereldoorlog" title="Tweede Wereldoorlog">Tweede Wereldoorlog</a>. Hij probeerde de <a href="/wiki/Corruptie" title="Corruptie">corruptie</a> te verminderen (vooral na het schandaal rond de geheime vrijmetselaarsloge <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propaganda_Due&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propaganda Due (de pagina bestaat niet)">Propaganda Due</a>, waar veel politici lid van waren) en terroristische acties te reduceren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latere_politieke_rol">Latere politieke rol</h3></div> <p>Van 1987 tot in april 1994 was hij voorzitter van de <a href="/wiki/Senaat_van_de_Republiek_(Itali%C3%AB)" title="Senaat van de Republiek (Italië)">Italiaanse Senaat</a>. Na het aftreden van president <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cossiga" title="Francesco Cossiga">Francesco Cossiga</a> was hij in 1992 één maand interim-president. Na de verkiezingsoverwinning van <a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a> in 1994, verloor hij het voorzitterschap van de Senaat. Enkele maanden later overleed hij. </p> <table class="toccolours opvolging" style="text-align:center; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:-0.5em; width:100%; clear:both; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="voorganger" width="30%"><b>Voorganger:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Arnaldo_Forlani" title="Arnaldo Forlani">Arnaldo Forlani</a> </td> <td class="lijst" width="40%"><b><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_premiers_van_Itali%C3%AB" title="Lijst van premiers van Italië">Premier van Italië</a><br />1981-1982</b> </td> <td class="volgende" width="30%"><b>Opvolger:</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Amintore_Fanfani" title="Amintore Fanfani">Amintore Fanfani</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Dit artikel of een eerdere versie ervan is een (gedeeltelijke) vertaling van het artikel <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini?oldid=">Giovanni Spadolini</a> op de Engelstalige Wikipedia, dat onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a> valt. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Spadolini?offset=20150418235959&action=history">bewerkingsgeschiedenis</a></span> aldaar.<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66936091">.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding{color:#ff0000;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .error-bronvermelding span{font-size:larger}</style> </p></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Spadolini&oldid=43863921">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Spadolini&oldid=43863921</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Premier_van_Itali%C3%AB" title="Categorie:Premier van Italië">Premier van Italië</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Italiaans_minister_van_Cultuur" title="Categorie:Italiaans minister van Cultuur">Italiaans minister van Cultuur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Italiaans_minister_van_Onderwijs" title="Categorie:Italiaans minister van Onderwijs">Italiaans minister van Onderwijs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Italiaans_minister_van_Defensie" title="Categorie:Italiaans minister van Defensie">Italiaans minister van Defensie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Italiaans_senator" title="Categorie:Italiaans senator">Italiaans senator</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Italiaans_historicus" title="Categorie:Italiaans historicus">Italiaans historicus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Italiaans_journalist" title="Categorie:Italiaans journalist">Italiaans journalist</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 18 apr 2015 om 17:58.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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