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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poloaktivn%C3%AD_radarov%C3%A9_nav%C3%A1d%C4%9Bn%C3%AD" title="Poloaktivní radarové navádění – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Poloaktivní radarové navádění" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flugabwehrrakete#Halbaktive_Zielsuchlenkung" title="Flugabwehrrakete – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flugabwehrrakete" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localizaci%C3%B3n_por_radar_semiactivo" title="Localización por radar semiactivo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Localización por radar semiactivo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EB%8A%A5%EB%8F%99_%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84" title="반능동 레이더 유도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반능동 레이더 유도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_homing_semi-aktif" title="Radar homing semi-aktif – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Radar homing semi-aktif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%9B%22%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9C" title="ביות מכ"ם חצי פעיל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביות מכ"ם חצי פעיל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B3%A2%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E8%AA%98%E5%B0%8E#セミアクティブ方式" title="電波ホーミング誘導 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電波ホーミング誘導" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samonaprowadzanie_p%C3%B3%C5%82aktywne" title="Samonaprowadzanie półaktywne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samonaprowadzanie półaktywne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiaktiv_radarm%C3%A5ls%C3%B6kare" title="Semiaktiv radarmålsökare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Semiaktiv radarmålsökare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Напівактивна радіолокаційна головка самонаведення – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Напівактивна радіолокаційна головка самонаведення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DB%81%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF" title="نیم فعال ریڈار ہومنگ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیم فعال ریڈار ہومنگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BA%ABn_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_b%E1%BA%B1ng_radar_b%C3%A1n_ch%E1%BB%A7_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng" title="Dẫn đường bằng radar bán chủ động – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dẫn đường bằng radar bán chủ động" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Type of missile guidance system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Fox One" redirects here. For the Australian TV channel, see <a href="/wiki/Fox_One_(Australian_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox One (Australian TV channel)">Fox One (Australian TV channel)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"SARH" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sarh_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sarh (disambiguation)">Sarh (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Semi-active_radar_homing" title="Special:EditPage/Semi-active radar homing">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Semi-active+radar+homing%22">"Semi-active radar homing"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Semi-active+radar+homing%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Semi-active+radar+homing%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Semi-active+radar+homing%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Semi-active+radar+homing%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Semi-active+radar+homing%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Semi-active radar homing</b> (<b>SARH</b>) is a common type of <a href="/wiki/Missile_guidance" title="Missile guidance">missile guidance</a> system, perhaps the most common type for longer-range <a href="/wiki/Air-to-air_missile" title="Air-to-air missile">air-to-air</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missile</a> systems. The name refers to the fact that the missile itself is only a <a href="/wiki/Passive_radar" title="Passive radar">passive detector of a radar signal</a>—<a href="/wiki/Radar_illumination" class="mw-redirect" title="Radar illumination">provided by an external ("offboard") source—as it reflects off the target</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in contrast to <a href="/wiki/Active_radar_homing" title="Active radar homing">active radar homing</a>, which uses an active radar <a href="/wiki/Transceiver" title="Transceiver">transceiver</a>). Semi-active missile systems use <a href="/wiki/Bistatic_radar" title="Bistatic radar">bistatic</a> <a href="/wiki/Continuous-wave_radar" title="Continuous-wave radar">continuous-wave radar</a>. </p><p>The NATO <a href="/wiki/Multiservice_tactical_brevity_code" title="Multiservice tactical brevity code">brevity code</a> for a semi-active radar homing missile launch is <b><a href="/wiki/Fox_(code_word)" title="Fox (code word)">Fox</a> One</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept">Concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Track_algorithm" title="Track algorithm">Track algorithm</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Missile_homing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Missile_homing.jpg/220px-Missile_homing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Missile_homing.jpg/330px-Missile_homing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Missile_homing.jpg/440px-Missile_homing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>Figure 1. Semi-active radar homing flight path geometry.</figcaption></figure><p>The basic concept of SARH is that since almost all detection and tracking systems consist of a <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a> system, duplicating this hardware on the missile itself is redundant. The weight of a transmitter reduces the range of any flying object, so passive systems have greater reach. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Angular_resolution" title="Angular resolution">resolution</a> of a radar is strongly related to the physical size of the antenna, and in the small nose cone of a missile there isn't enough room to provide the sort of accuracy needed for guidance.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead the larger radar dish on the ground or launch aircraft will provide the needed signal and tracking logic, and the missile simply has to listen to the signal reflected from the target and point itself in the right direction. Additionally, the missile will listen rearward to the launch platform's transmitted signal as a reference, enabling it to avoid some kinds of radar jamming distractions offered by the target. </p><p>The SARH system determines the closing velocity using the flight path geometry shown in Figure 1. The closing velocity is used to set the frequency location for the CW receive signal shown at the bottom of the diagram (spectrum). Antenna offset angle of the missile antenna is set after the target is acquired by the missile seeker using the spectrum location set using closing speed. The missile seeker antenna is a <a href="/wiki/Monopulse_radar" title="Monopulse radar">monopulse radar</a> receiver that produces angle error measurements using that fixed position. Flight path is controlled by producing navigation input to the steering system (tail fins or gimbaled rocket) using angle errors produced by the antenna. This steers the body of the missile to hold the target near the centerline of the antenna while the antenna is held in a fixed position. The offset angle geometry is determined by <a href="/wiki/Analytical_dynamics" class="mw-redirect" title="Analytical dynamics">flight dynamics</a> using missile speed, target speed, and separation distance.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Techniques are nearly identical using <a href="/wiki/Radar_jamming_and_deception" title="Radar jamming and deception">jamming signals</a>, optical guidance video, and <a href="/wiki/Infra-red_radiation" class="mw-redirect" title="Infra-red radiation">infra-red radiation</a> for homing. </p><p>Maximum range is increased in SARH systems using navigation data in the homing vehicle to increase the travel distance before antenna tracking is needed for terminal guidance. Navigation relies on <a href="/wiki/Accelerometer" title="Accelerometer">acceleration data</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fibre_optic_gyroscope" class="mw-redirect" title="Fibre optic gyroscope">gyroscopic data</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Global_positioning_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Global positioning system">global positioning data</a>. This maximizes distance by minimizing corrective maneuvers that waste flight energy. </p><p>Contrast this with <a href="/wiki/Beam_riding" title="Beam riding">beam riding</a> systems, like the <a href="/wiki/RIM-8_Talos" title="RIM-8 Talos">RIM-8 Talos</a>, in which the radar is pointed at the target and the missile keeps itself centered in the beam by listening to the signal at the rear of the missile body. In the SARH system the missile listens for the reflected signal at the nose, and is still responsible for providing some sort of "lead" guidance. The disadvantages of <a href="/wiki/Beam_riding" title="Beam riding">beam riding</a> are twofold: One is that a radar signal is "fan shaped", growing larger, and therefore less accurate, with distance. This means that the beam riding system is not accurate at long ranges, while SARH is largely independent of range and grows more accurate as it approaches the target, or the source of the reflected signal it listens for. Reduced accuracy means the missile must use a very large warhead to be effective (i.e.: nuclear). Another requirement is that a beam riding system must accurately track the target at high speeds, typically requiring one radar for tracking and another "tighter" beam for guidance. </p><p>The SARH system needs only one radar set to a wider pattern. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Continuous-wave_radar">Continuous-wave radar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Continuous-wave radar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Continuous-wave_radar" title="Continuous-wave radar">Continuous-wave radar</a></div> <p>Modern SARH systems use <a href="/wiki/Continuous-wave_radar" title="Continuous-wave radar">continuous-wave radar</a> (CW radar) for guidance. Even though most modern fighter radars are pulse Doppler sets, most have a CW function to guide radar missiles. A few <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> aircraft, such as some versions of the <a href="/wiki/MiG-23" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-23">MiG-23</a> and <a href="/wiki/MiG-27" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-27">MiG-27</a>, used an auxiliary guidance pod or aerial to provide a CW signal. The <a href="/wiki/Vympel_R-33" class="mw-redirect" title="Vympel R-33">Vympel R-33</a> AA missile for <a href="/wiki/MiG-31" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-31">MiG-31</a> interceptor uses SARH as the main type of guidance (with supplement of inertial guidance on initial stage). </p><p>SARH missiles require tracking radar to acquire the target, and a more narrowly focused illuminator radar to "light up" the target in order for the missile to <a href="/wiki/Missile_lock-on" class="mw-redirect" title="Missile lock-on">lock</a> on to the radar return reflected off target.<sup id="cite_ref-AA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The target must remain illuminated for the entire duration of the missile's flight. This could leave the launch aircraft vulnerable to counterattack, as well as giving the target's electronic warning systems time to detect the attack and engage countermeasures. Because most SARH missiles require guidance during their entire flight, older radars are limited to one target per radar emitter at a time. </p><p>The maximum range of a SARH system is determined by energy density of the transmitter. Increasing transmit power can increase energy density. Reducing the noise bandwidth of the transmitter can also increase energy density. <a href="/wiki/Spectral_density" title="Spectral density">Spectral density</a> matched to the receive radar detection bandwidth is the limiting factor for maximum range. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electronic_counter-countermeasure_(ECCM)"><span id="Electronic_counter-countermeasure_.28ECCM.29"></span>Electronic counter-countermeasure (ECCM)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Electronic counter-countermeasure (ECCM)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Electronic_counter-countermeasure" title="Electronic counter-countermeasure">Electronic counter-countermeasure</a></div> <p>Recent-generation SARH weapons have superior electronic counter-countermeasure (<a href="/wiki/Electronic_counter-countermeasures" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic counter-countermeasures">ECCM</a>) capability, but the system still has fundamental limitations. Some newer missiles, such as the <a href="/wiki/Standard_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard missile">SM-2</a>, incorporate terminal semi-active radar homing (TSARH). TSARH missiles use <a href="/wiki/Inertial_guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Inertial guidance">inertial guidance</a> for most of their flight, only activating their SARH system for the final attack. This can keep the target from realising it is under attack until shortly before the missile strikes. Since the missile only requires guidance during the terminal phase, each radar emitter can be used to engage more targets. Some of these weapons, like the SM-2, allow the firing platform to update the missile with <a href="/wiki/RIM-161_Standard_Missile_3#Operation_and_performance" title="RIM-161 Standard Missile 3">mid-course updates</a> via <a href="/wiki/Datalink" class="mw-redirect" title="Datalink">datalink</a>. </p><p>Some of the more effective methods used to defeat semi-active homing radar are flying techniques. These depend upon the pilot knowing that a missile has been launched. The <a href="/wiki/Global_positioning_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Global positioning system">global positioning system</a> allows a missile to reach the predicted intercept with no datalink, greatly increasing lethality by postponing illumination for most of the missile flight. The pilot is unaware that a launch has occurred, so flying techniques become almost irrelevant. One difficulty is testing, because this feature creates public safety risks if a fault prevents datalink <a href="/wiki/Self-destruct" title="Self-destruct">self-destruct</a> signals when a missile is heading in the wrong direction. Most coastlines are heavily populated, so this risk exists at test centers for sea-based systems that are near the coastlines: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Missile_Range_Facility" title="Pacific Missile Range Facility">Pacific Missile Range Facility</a></li> <li>Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapon Division, Point Mugu, China Lake<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Atlantic Test Ranges<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Combat_record">Combat record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Combat record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The combat record of U.S. SARH missiles was unimpressive during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. <a href="/wiki/USAF" class="mw-redirect" title="USAF">USAF</a> and <a href="/wiki/US_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Navy">US Navy</a> fighters armed with <a href="/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow" title="AIM-7 Sparrow">AIM-7 Sparrow</a> attained a success rate of barely 10%, which tended to amplify the effect of removing the gun on most <a href="/wiki/F-4_Phantom" class="mw-redirect" title="F-4 Phantom">F-4 Phantoms</a>, which carried 4 Sparrows.<sup id="cite_ref-AA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some of the failures were attributable to mechanical failure of 1960s-era electronics, which could be disturbed by pulling a cart over uneven pavement, or pilot error; the intrinsic accuracy of these weapons was low relative to <a href="/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder" title="AIM-9 Sidewinder">Sidewinder</a> and guns.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Considering RoE, why intrinsic? (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Since <a href="/wiki/Desert_Storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Desert Storm">Desert Storm</a>, most <a href="/wiki/F-15_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="F-15 Eagle">F-15 Eagle</a> combat victories have been scored with the Sparrow at <a href="/wiki/Beyond_Visual_Range_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Beyond Visual Range missile">beyond visual range</a>. Similar performance has been achieved with the sea-launched <a href="/wiki/RIM-7_Sea_Sparrow" title="RIM-7 Sea Sparrow">RIM-7 Sea Sparrow</a>. </p><p>Soviet systems using SARH have achieved a number of notable successes, notably in the <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a>, where <a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">2K12 Kub</a> (NATO name SA-6) tactical SAM systems were able to effectively deny airspace to the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israeli Air Force</a>. A 2K12 also <a href="/wiki/Scott_O%27Grady" title="Scott O'Grady">shot down a U.S. F-16</a> in the Bosnian War. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_missiles">List of missiles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: List of missiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:R-27_missile_homing_head,_Kyiv_2018,_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/R-27_missile_homing_head%2C_Kyiv_2018%2C_02.jpg/220px-R-27_missile_homing_head%2C_Kyiv_2018%2C_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/R-27_missile_homing_head%2C_Kyiv_2018%2C_02.jpg/330px-R-27_missile_homing_head%2C_Kyiv_2018%2C_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/R-27_missile_homing_head%2C_Kyiv_2018%2C_02.jpg/440px-R-27_missile_homing_head%2C_Kyiv_2018%2C_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1875" /></a><figcaption>9B-1101K, inertial semi-active homing head for <a href="/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile)" title="R-27 (air-to-air missile)">R-27R</a> missiles.</figcaption></figure> <p>SARH is a commonly used modern missile guidance methodology, used in multiple missile systems, such as: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">AIM-4A/E/F Falcon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow" title="AIM-7 Sparrow">AIM-7 Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-9C_Sidewinder" class="mw-redirect" title="AIM-9C Sidewinder">AIM-9C Sidewinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM-26_Falcon" title="AIM-26 Falcon">AIM-26 Falcon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspide" title="Aspide">Aspide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">Buk missile system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIM-23_HAWK" class="mw-redirect" title="MIM-23 HAWK">MIM-23 HAWK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PL-11_(missile)" title="PL-11 (missile)">PL-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R.511" title="R.511">R.511</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R.530" title="R.530">R.530</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-23_(missile)" title="R-23 (missile)">R-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-33_(missile)" title="R-33 (missile)">R-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile)" title="R-27 (air-to-air missile)">R-27R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-7_Sea_Sparrow" title="RIM-7 Sea Sparrow">RIM-7 Sea Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-8_Talos" title="RIM-8 Talos">RIM-8 Talos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-66_Standard" title="RIM-66 Standard">RIM-66 Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-162_ESSM" title="RIM-162 ESSM">RIM-162 ESSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIM-174_Standard_ERAM" title="RIM-174 Standard ERAM">RIM-174 Standard ERAM</a> (mid-phase guidance)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-200_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-200 (missile)">S-200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-300_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-300 (missile)">S-300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-400_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-400 (missile)">S-400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SA-6_Gainful" class="mw-redirect" title="SA-6 Gainful">SA-6 Gainful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M123_Khrizantema#Variants" title="9M123 Khrizantema">9M123 Khrizantema</a> (in 9M123M/VM variant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyflash" title="Skyflash">Skyflash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_530" title="Super 530">Super 530</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laser_guidance" title="Laser guidance">Laser guidance</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKopp1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kopp, Carlo (June 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Radar-AAMs.html">"Active and Semiactive Radar Missile Guidance"</a>. <i>Australian Aviation</i>. <b>1982</b> (June). Air Power Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Aviation&rft.atitle=Active+and+Semiactive+Radar+Missile+Guidance&rft.volume=1982&rft.issue=June&rft.date=1982-06&rft.aulast=Kopp&rft.aufirst=Carlo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ausairpower.net%2FTE-Radar-AAMs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemi-active+radar+homing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radartutorial.eu/05.bistatic/bs04.en.html">"Bistatic Radar"</a>. Radartutorial.eu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bistatic+Radar&rft.pub=Radartutorial.eu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radartutorial.eu%2F05.bistatic%2Fbs04.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemi-active+radar+homing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWragg1973" class="citation book cs1">Wragg, David W. (1973). <i>A Dictionary of Aviation</i> (first ed.). Osprey. p. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780850451634" title="Special:BookSources/9780850451634"><bdi>9780850451634</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Aviation&rft.pages=240&rft.edition=first&rft.pub=Osprey&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=9780850451634&rft.aulast=Wragg&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemi-active+radar+homing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/navy/docs/fun/part15.htm">"Chapter 15. Guidance and Control"</a>. Federation of American Scientists.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chapter+15.+Guidance+and+Control&rft.pub=Federation+of+American+Scientists&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.org%2Fman%2Fdod-101%2Fnavy%2Fdocs%2Ffun%2Fpart15.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemi-active+radar+homing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AA-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AA_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AA_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarlo_Kopp1982" class="citation journal cs1">Carlo Kopp (June 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Radar-AAMs.html">"Active and Semi-Active Radar Missile Guidance"</a>. <i>Australian Aviation</i>. <b>1982</b> (June).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Aviation&rft.atitle=Active+and+Semi-Active+Radar+Missile+Guidance&rft.volume=1982&rft.issue=June&rft.date=1982-06&rft.au=Carlo+Kopp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ausairpower.net%2FTE-Radar-AAMs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemi-active+radar+homing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navair.navy.mil/nawcwd/nawcwd/about/index.html">Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapon Division, Point Mugu, China Lake</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100716110914/http://www.navair.navy.mil/nawcwd/nawcwd/about/index.html">Archived</a> 2010-07-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navair.navy.mil/ranges/atr/index.htm">Atlantic Test Ranges</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120403025232/http://www.navair.navy.mil/ranges/atr/index.htm">Archived</a> 2012-04-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Radar-AAMs.html">Active and semi-active radar missile 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Missile_types" title="Template:Missile types"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Missile_types" title="Template talk:Missile types"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Missile_types" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Missile types"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_missile115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missile</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By platform</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air-launched_ballistic_missile" title="Air-launched ballistic missile">Air-launched ballistic missile</a> (ALBM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air-launched_cruise_missile" title="Air-launched cruise missile">Air-launched cruise missile</a> (ALCM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air-to-air_missile" title="Air-to-air missile">Air-to-air missile</a> (AAM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air-to-surface_missile" title="Air-to-surface missile">Air-to-surface missile</a> (ASM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile" title="Ballistic missile">Ballistic missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">Cruise missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile" title="Intercontinental ballistic missile">Intercontinental ballistic missile</a> (ICBM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate-range_ballistic_missile" title="Intermediate-range ballistic missile">Intermediate-range ballistic missile</a> (IRBM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-range_ballistic_missile" title="Short-range ballistic missile">Short-range ballistic missile</a> (SRBM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder-fired_missile" title="Shoulder-fired missile">Shoulder-fired missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standoff_missile" title="Standoff missile">Standoff missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine-launched_ballistic_missile" title="Submarine-launched ballistic missile">Submarine-launched ballistic missile</a> (SLBM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine-launched_cruise_missile" title="Submarine-launched cruise missile">Submarine-launched cruise missile</a> (SLCM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-to-air missile</a> (SAM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-surface_missile" title="Surface-to-surface missile">Surface-to-surface missile</a> (SSM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_ballistic_missile" title="Tactical ballistic missile">Tactical ballistic missile</a> (TBM)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By target type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ballistic missile">Anti-ballistic missile</a> (ABM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-radiation_missile" title="Anti-radiation missile">Anti-radiation missile</a> (ARM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-satellite_weapon" title="Anti-satellite weapon">Anti-satellite weapon</a> (ASAT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ship ballistic missile">Anti-ship ballistic missile</a> (ASBM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_missile" title="Anti-ship missile">Anti-ship missile</a> (AShM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_missile" title="Anti-submarine missile">Anti-submarine missile</a> (ASuM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guided_missile" title="Anti-tank guided missile">Anti-tank missile</a> (ATGM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land-attack_missile" title="Land-attack missile">Land-attack missile</a> (LAM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man-portable_air-defense_system" title="Man-portable air-defense system">Man-portable air-defense system</a> (MANPADS)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Missile_guidance" title="Missile guidance">guidance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_(weapon)" title="Rocket (weapon)">Unguided</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar_guidance" title="Radar guidance">Radar guidance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radar_altimeter" title="Radar altimeter">Radar altimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_radar_homing" title="Active radar homing">Active radar homing</a> (ARH)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Semi-active radar homing</a> (SARH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_radar" title="Passive radar">Passive radar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_homing" class="mw-redirect" title="Passive homing">Passive homing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track-via-missile" title="Track-via-missile">Track-via-missile</a> (TVM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-radiation_missile" title="Anti-radiation missile">Anti-radiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_guidance" title="Command guidance">Command guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_to_line-of-sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Command to line-of-sight">Command to line-of-sight</a> (CLOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_off_line_of_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Command off line of sight">Command off line of sight</a> (COLOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manual_command_to_line_of_sight" title="Manual command to line of sight">Manual command to line of sight</a> (MCLOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-automatic_command_to_line_of_sight" title="Semi-automatic command to line of sight">Semi-automatic command to line of sight</a> (SACLOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_command_to_line_of_sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic command to line of sight">Automatic command to line of sight</a> (ACLOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pursuit_guidance" title="Pursuit guidance">Pursuit guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beam_riding" title="Beam riding">Beam riding</a> (LOSBR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_homing" title="Infrared homing">Infrared guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_guidance" title="Laser guidance">Laser guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire-guided_missile" title="Wire-guided missile">Wire guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Satellite guidance">Satellite guidance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning System</a> (GPS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLONASS" title="GLONASS">GLONASS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertial_guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Inertial guidance">Inertial guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astro-inertial_guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Astro-inertial guidance">Astro-inertial guidance</a></li> <li>Terrestrial guidance <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TERCOM" title="TERCOM">TERCOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DSMAC" class="mw-redirect" title="DSMAC">DSMAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_target_recognition" title="Automatic target recognition">Automatic target recognition</a> (ATR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio guidance">Radio guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="TV guidance">TV guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrast_seeker" title="Contrast seeker">Contrast seeker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">Compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predicted_line_of_sight" title="Predicted line of sight">Predicted line of sight</a> (PLOS)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_rockets" title="List of military rockets">List of military rockets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missiles" title="List of missiles">List of missiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missiles_by_country" title="List of missiles by country">List of missiles by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-ship_missiles" title="List of anti-ship missiles">List of anti-ship missiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-tank_missiles" title="List of anti-tank missiles">List of anti-tank missiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICBMs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ICBMs">List of ICBMs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_surface-to-air_missiles" title="List of surface-to-air missiles">List of surface-to-air missiles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Sounding_rocket" title="Sounding rocket">Sounding rocket</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&oldid=1239850116">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-active_radar_homing&oldid=1239850116</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Missile_guidance" title="Category:Missile 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