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aneurysm</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Cerebral aneurysm"> <meta name="keywords" content="Cerebral aneurysm"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Cerebral aneurysm"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 245</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Cerebral aneurysm</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> Numerical Study on the Hazards of Gravitational Forces on Cerebral Aneurysms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashem%20M.%20Alargha">Hashem M. Alargha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20O.%20Hamdan"> Mohammad O. Hamdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20H.%20Aziz"> Waseem H. Aziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aerobatic and military pilots are subjected to high gravitational forces that could cause blackout, physical injuries or death. A CFD simulation using fluid-solid interactions scheme has been conducted to investigate the gravitational effects and hazards inside cerebral aneurysms. Medical data have been used to derive the size and geometry of a simple aneurysm on a T-shaped bifurcation. The results show that gravitational force has no effect on maximum Wall Shear Stress (WSS); hence, it will not cause aneurysm initiation/formation. However, gravitational force cause causes hypertension which could contribute to aneurysm rupture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title="aneurysm">aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cfd" title=" cfd"> cfd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wall%20shear%20stress" title=" wall shear stress"> wall shear stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity" title=" gravity"> gravity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20dynamics" title=" fluid dynamics"> fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifurcation%20artery" title=" bifurcation artery"> bifurcation artery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50418/numerical-study-on-the-hazards-of-gravitational-forces-on-cerebral-aneurysms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> Hemodynamics of a Cerebral Aneurysm under Rest and Exercise Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivam%20Patel">Shivam Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Y.%20Usmani"> Abdullah Y. Usmani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physiological flow under rest and exercise conditions in patient-specific cerebral aneurysm models is numerically investigated. A finite-volume based code with BiCGStab as the linear equation solver is used to simulate unsteady three-dimensional flow field through the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Flow characteristics are first established in a healthy cerebral artery for both physiological conditions. The effect of saccular aneurysm on cerebral hemodynamics is then explored through a comparative analysis of the velocity distribution, nature of flow patterns, wall pressure and wall shear stress (WSS) against the reference configuration. The efficacy of coil embolization as a potential strategy of surgical intervention is also examined by modelling coil as a homogeneous and isotropic porous medium where the extended Darcy’s law, including Forchheimer and Brinkman terms, is applicable. The Carreau-Yasuda non-Newtonian blood model is incorporated to capture the shear thinning behavior of blood. Rest and exercise conditions correspond to normotensive and hypertensive blood pressures respectively. The results indicate that the fluid impingement on the outer wall of the arterial bend leads to abnormality in the distribution of wall pressure and WSS, which is expected to be the primary cause of the localized aneurysm. Exercise correlates with elevated flow velocity, vortex strength, wall pressure and WSS inside the aneurysm sac. With the insertion of coils in the aneurysm cavity, the flow bypasses the dilatation, leading to a decline in flow velocities and WSS. Particle residence time is observed to be lower under exercise conditions, a factor favorable for arresting plaque deposition and combating atherosclerosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20FVM" title="3D FVM">3D FVM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cerebral%20aneurysm" title=" Cerebral aneurysm"> Cerebral aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title=" hypertension"> hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coil%20embolization" title=" coil embolization"> coil embolization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-Newtonian%20fluid" title=" non-Newtonian fluid"> non-Newtonian fluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73792/hemodynamics-of-a-cerebral-aneurysm-under-rest-and-exercise-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73792.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of the Effects of Mechanical Forces in Cerebral Aneurysms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashem%20Al%20Argha">Hashem Al Argha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cerebral Aneurysms are the ballooning and defect that occurs in the arteries of the brain. This ballooning might enlarge in size due to mechanical forces and could lead to rupture and death. Computational Fluid Dynamics has been used in the recent years in creating a link between engineering sciences and medical sciences. In this paper, the effects of mechanical forces on cerebral aneurysms will be studied. Results of this study show that mechanical forces could lead to rupture of the aneurysm and could lead to death. High mechanical forces including stresses up to 1.7 MPa could pop aneurysms and lead to a brain hemorrhage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical" title=" numerical"> numerical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title=" aneurysm"> aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20forces" title=" mechanical forces"> mechanical forces</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54356/computational-fluid-dynamics-study-of-the-effects-of-mechanical-forces-in-cerebral-aneurysms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> Use of Dual-Energy CT Post Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitchell%20Stanton">Mitchell Stanton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Endovascular management is well established as a mainstay treatment option for cerebral aneurysms. It is also well established that immediate post procedural imaging can be difficult to interpret due to the presence of contrast material. However, through the use of Dual-Energy computed tomography, it has become possible to differentiate contrast extravasation and intracranial haemorrhage. This case illustrates the importance of this technology following endovascular treatment of an unruptured cerebral aneurysm. Case Presentation: A 79-year-old female was found to have an unruptured large intracavernous ICA fusiform aneurysm on CT Brain Angiogram after presenting with acute ophthalmoplegia. This ophthalmoplegia was caused by mass effect from the aneurysm and subsequently the aneurysm was treated with an endovascular flow diverting stent. CT brain was performed post operatively due to a reduced level of consciousness and this showed diffuse subarachnoid hyperdensity of the left hemisphere. The use of Dual-Energy CT allowed accurate differentiation and illustrated diffuse contrast material extravasation, allowing patient to continue on dual-antiplatelets and therapeutic anticoagulation to reduce the risk of ischaemic injury post endovascular stent. Conclusion: Endovascular treatment options for management of intracranial aneurysms are constantly evolving. The use of Dual-Energy CT therefore has an integral role in accurately diagnosing any post-operative complications. Specifically, differentiating between subarachnoid haemorrhage and contrast extravasation is vital in these patients due to the significant consequences to their ongoing management in regards to continuation or cessation of antiplatelets or anticoagulation. With increasing access to this technology, its use should become standard practice in the post-operative investigation of these patients undergoing endovascular treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title="aneurysm">aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrast%20extravasation" title=" contrast extravasation"> contrast extravasation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-energy%20CT" title=" dual-energy CT"> dual-energy CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endovascular" title=" endovascular"> endovascular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subarachnoid%20haemorrhage" title=" subarachnoid haemorrhage"> subarachnoid haemorrhage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143971/use-of-dual-energy-ct-post-endovascular-treatment-of-cerebral-aneurysm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> The Rupture Potential of Nerve Tissue Constrained Intracranial Saccular Aneurysm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Alam">M. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Seshaiyer"> P. Seshaiyer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rupture predictability of intracranial aneurysm is one of the most important parameters for physicians in surgical treatment. As most of the intracranial aneurysms are asymptomatic, still the rupture potential of both symptomatic and asymptomatic lesions is relatively unknown. Moreover, an intracranial aneurysm constrained by a nerve tissue might be a common scenario for a physician to deal with during the treatment process. Here, we perform a computational modeling of nerve tissue constrained intracranial saccular aneurysm to show a protective role of constrained tissue on the aneurysm. A comparative parametric study of the model also performs taking long constraint, medium constraint, short constraint, point contact, narrow neck aneurysm, wide neck aneurysm as parameters for the analysis. Results show that contact constraint aneurysm generates less stress near the fundus compared to no constraint aneurysm, hence works as a protective wall for the aneurysm not to be ruptured. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rupture%20potential" title="rupture potential">rupture potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intracranial%20saccular%20aneurysm" title=" intracranial saccular aneurysm"> intracranial saccular aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anisotropic%20hyper-elastic%20material" title=" anisotropic hyper-elastic material"> anisotropic hyper-elastic material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82839/the-rupture-potential-of-nerve-tissue-constrained-intracranial-saccular-aneurysm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> Utility of CT Perfusion Imaging for Diagnosis and Management of Delayed Cerebral Ischaemia Following Subarachnoid Haemorrhage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdalla%20Mansour">Abdalla Mansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20Brown"> Dan Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Helmy"> Adel Helmy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rikin%20Trivedi"> Rikin Trivedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathew%20Guilfoyle"> Mathew Guilfoyle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Diagnosing delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) can be challenging, particularly in poor-grade patients. Objectives: This study sought to assess the value of routine CTP in identifying (or excluding) DCI and in guiding management. Methods: Eight-year retrospective neuroimaging study at a large UK neurosurgical centre. Subjects included a random sample of adult patients with confirmed aneurysmal SAH that had a CTP scan during their inpatient stay, over a 8-year period (May 2014 - May 2022). Data collected through electronic patient record and PACS. Variables included age, WFNS scale, aneurysm site, treatment, the timing of CTP, radiologist report, and DCI management. Results: Over eight years, 916 patients were treated for aneurysmal SAH; this study focused on 466 patients that were randomly selected. Of this sample, 181 (38.84%) had one or more CTP scans following brain aneurysm treatment (Total 318). The first CTP scan in each patient was performed at 1-20 days following ictus (median 4 days). There was radiological evidence of DCI in 83, and no reversible ischaemia was found in 80. Findings were equivocal in the remaining 18. Of the 103 patients treated with clipping, 49 had DCI radiological evidence, in comparison to 31 of 69 patients treated with endovascular embolization. The remaining 9 patients are either unsecured aneurysms or non-aneurysmal SAH. Of the patients with radiological evidence of DCI, 65 had a treatment change following the CTP directed at improving cerebral perfusion. In contrast, treatment was not changed for (61) patients without radiological evidence of DCI. Conclusion: CTP is a useful adjunct to clinical assessment in the diagnosis of DCI and is helpful in identifying patients that may benefit from intensive therapy and those in whom it is unlikely to be effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAH" title="SAH">SAH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vasospasm" title=" vasospasm"> vasospasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title=" aneurysm"> aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delayed%20cerebral%20ischemia" title=" delayed cerebral ischemia"> delayed cerebral ischemia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152535/utility-of-ct-perfusion-imaging-for-diagnosis-and-management-of-delayed-cerebral-ischaemia-following-subarachnoid-haemorrhage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> A Rare Case of Popliteal Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Foot Drop</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Yahng">John Yahng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riteesh%20Bookun"> Riteesh Bookun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) are the most common arterial aneurysm of the periphery. It is defined as focal dilation of the artery more than 50% of the normal vessel diameter which usually varies between 7 mm to 11 mm. The most common presentation for PAAs is claudication due to luminal stenmosis secondary to mural thrombus or acute limb ischaemia due to occlusive thrombosis or distal thromboembolism. It is less common for patients to present with non-ischaemic symptoms secondary to mass effect and compression of adjacent structures, and of these, presentation with common peroneal nerve compression is particularly uncommon. We present a rare case of a 92-year-old female patient presenting with 4-month history of left foot drop with radiological evidence of common peroneal nerve compression secondary to PAA of 22 mm by21mm in size. To the best of our knowledge, this is the smallest reported popliteal aneurysm presenting with foot drop. We also present the endovascular treatment option taken in our case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title="aneurysm">aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foot%20drop" title=" foot drop"> foot drop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroneal%20nerve" title=" peroneal nerve"> peroneal nerve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=popliteal" title=" popliteal"> popliteal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80838/a-rare-case-of-popliteal-artery-aneurysm-presenting-with-foot-drop" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (Evar) with Endoanchors: For Tandem Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm (Aaa) with Hostile Neck & Proximal Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Von%20Jerick%20Tenorio">Von Jerick Tenorio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonald%20Lucero"> Jonald Lucero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marivic%20Vestal"> Marivic Vestal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edwin%20Tiempo"> Edwin Tiempo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In patients with hostile aortic neck anatomy, the risks of proximal seal complications and stent migration remain with EVAR despite improved endograft technology. This case report discusses how the technical challenges of the hostile neck anatomy, proximal penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) and tortuous femoral access were addressed. The CT aortogram of a 63-year-old hypertensive and diabetic man with recurring abdominal discomfort revealed a fusiform infra-renal aneurysm measuring 8.8 cm in length and 5.7 cm in diameter. The proximal landing zone only has a 3 mm healthy neck with a conicity of > 10% and a thrombus of 4 mm thick. Proximal to the aneurysm is a PAU with a circumferential mural thrombus. The right femoral artery is tortuous with > 90o angulation. A 20% oversized Endurant II endograft and Aptus Heli-FX EndoAnchors were deployed as prophylaxis for type I endoleaks and endograft migration consequent to the conical neck and proximal aneurysm extension consequent to the PAU. A stiff Backup Meier guide wire facilitated the deployment of the endograft. Coil embolization of the right internal iliac artery was performed as prophylaxis for type II endoleaks. EndoAnchors can be used as an adjunct to EVAR as prophylaxis for proximal seal complications and stent migration in patients with hostile aortic aneurysm neck anatomy and concomitant proximal PAU. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoAnchors" title="endoAnchors">endoAnchors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoleaks" title=" endoleaks"> endoleaks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EVAR" title=" EVAR"> EVAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hostile%20neck" title=" hostile neck"> hostile neck</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138396/endovascular-aneurysm-repair-evar-with-endoanchors-for-tandem-aortic-abdominal-aneurysm-aaa-with-hostile-neck-proximal-penetrating-atherosclerotic-ulcer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">237</span> Case Report: A Rare Case of Popliteal Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Foot Drop</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Yahng">John Yahng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hansraj%20Riteesh%20Bookun"> Hansraj Riteesh Bookun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) are the most common arterial aneurysm of the periphery. It is defined as focal dilation of the artery more than 50% of the normal vessel diameter which usually varies between 7 mm to 11 mm. The most common presentation for PAAs is claudication due to luminal stenosis secondary to mural thrombus or acute limb ischaemia due to occlusive thrombosis or distal thromboembolism. It is less common for patients to present with non-ischaemic symptoms secondary to mass effect and compression of adjacent structures, and of these, presentation with common peroneal nerve compression is particularly uncommon. We present a rare case of a 92-year-old female patient presenting with 4-month history of left foot drop with radiological evidence of common peroneal nerve compression secondary to PAA of 22 mm by 21mm in size. To the best of our knowledge, this is the smallest reported popliteal aneurysm presenting with foot drop. We also present the endovascular treatment option taken in our case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title="aneurysm">aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foot%20drop" title=" foot drop"> foot drop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroneal%20nerve" title=" peroneal nerve"> peroneal nerve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=popliteal" title=" popliteal"> popliteal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83889/case-report-a-rare-case-of-popliteal-artery-aneurysm-presenting-with-foot-drop" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">236</span> Prevalence of Cerebral Microbleeds in Apparently Healthy, Elderly Population: A Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidishaa%20Jali">Vidishaa Jali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Sinha"> Amit Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kameshwar%20Prasad"> Kameshwar Prasad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objective: Cerebral microbleeds are frequently found in healthy elderly individuals. We performed a meta- analysis to determine the prevalence of cerebral microbleeds in apparently healthy, elderly population and to determine the effect of age, smoking and hypertension on the occurrence of cerebral microbleeds. Methods: Relevant literature was searched using electronic databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane database, Google scholar to identify studies on the prevalence of cerebral microbleeds in general elderly population till March 2016. STATA version 13 software was used for analysis. Fixed effect model was used if heterogeneity was less than 50%. Otherwise, random effect model was used. Meta- regression analysis was performed to check any effect of important variables such as age, smoking, hypertension. Selection Criteria: We included cross-sectional studies performed in apparently healthy elderly population, who had age more than 50 years. Results: The pooled proportion of cerebral microbleeds in healthy population is 12% (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.13). No significant effect of age was found on the prevalence of cerebral microbleeds (p= 0.99). A linear relationship between increase in hypertension and the prevalence of cerebral microbleeds was found, however, this linear relationship was not statistically significant (p=0.16). Similarly, A linear relationship between increase in smoking and the prevalence of cerebral microbleeds was found, however, this linear relationship was also not statistically significant (p=0.21). Conclusion: Presence of cerebral microbleeds is evident in apparently healthy, elderly population, in more than 10% of individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparently%20healthy" title="apparently healthy">apparently healthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title=" elderly"> elderly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20microbleeds" title=" cerebral microbleeds"> cerebral microbleeds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53527/prevalence-of-cerebral-microbleeds-in-apparently-healthy-elderly-population-a-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">235</span> Central Nervous System Lesion Differentiation in the Emergency Radiology Department</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelis%20P.%20Barlampas">Angelis P. Barlampas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An 89 years old woman came to the emergency department complaining of long-lasting headaches and nausea. A CT examination was performed, and a homogeneous midline anterior cranial fossa lesion was revealed, which was situated near the base and measured 2,4 cm in diameter. The patient was allergic, and an i.v.c injection could not be done on the spot, and neither could an MRI exam because of metallic implants. How could someone narrow down the differential diagnosis? The interhemispheric meningioma is usually a silent midline lesion with no edema, and most often presents as a homogeneous, solid type, isodense, or slightly hyperdense mass ( usually the smallest lesions as this one ). Of them, 20-30% have some calcifications. Hyperostosis is typical for meningiomas that abut the base of the skull but is absent in the current case, presumably of a more cephalad location that is borderline away from the bone. Because further investigation could not be done, as the patient was allergic to the contrast media, some other differential options should be considered. Regarding the site of the lesion, the most common other entities to keep in mind are the following: Metastasis, tumor of skull base, abscess, primary brain tumors, meningioma, giant aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery, olfactory neuroblastoma, interhemispheric meningioma, giant aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery, midline lesion. Appearance will depend on whether the aneurysm is non-thrombosed, or partially, or completely thrombosed. Non-contrast: slightly hyperdense, well-defined round extra-axial mass, may demonstrate a peripheral calcified rim, olfactory neuroblastoma, midline lesion. The mass is of soft tissue attenuation and is relatively homogeneous. Focal calcifications are occasionally present. When an intracranial extension is present, peritumoral cysts between it and the overlying brain are often present. Final diagnosis interhemispheric meningioma (Known from the previous patient’s history). Meningiomas come from the meningocytes or the arachnoid cells of the meninges. They are usually found incidentally, have an indolent course, and their most common location is extra-axial, parasagittal, and supratentorial. Other locations include the sphenoid ridge, olfactory groove, juxtasellar, infratentorial, intraventricular, pineal gland area, and optic nerve meningioma. They are clinically silent entities, except for large ones, which can present with headaches, changes in personality status, paresis, or symptomatology according to their specific site and may cause edema of the surrounding brain tissue. Imaging findings include the presence of calcifications, the CSF cleft sign, hyperostosis of adjacent bone, dural tail, and white matter buckling sign. After i.v.c. injection, they enhance brightly and homogenously, except for large ones, which may exhibit necrotic areas or may be heavily calcified. Malignant or cystic variants demonstrate more heterogeneity and less intense enhancement. Sometimes, it is inevitable that the needed CT protocol cannot be performed, especially in the emergency department. In these cases, the radiologist must focus on the characteristic imaging features of the unenhanced lesion, as well as in previous examinations or a known lesion history, in order to come to the right report conclusion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20radiology" title=" emergency radiology"> emergency radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastasis" title=" metastasis"> metastasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20of%20skull%20base" title=" tumor of skull base"> tumor of skull base</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abscess" title=" abscess"> abscess</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20brain%20tumors" title=" primary brain tumors"> primary brain tumors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meningioma" title=" meningioma"> meningioma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=giant%20aneurysm%20of%20the%20anterior%20cerebral%20artery" title=" giant aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery"> giant aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=olfactory%20neuroblastoma" title=" olfactory neuroblastoma"> olfactory neuroblastoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interhemispheric%20meningioma" title=" interhemispheric meningioma"> interhemispheric meningioma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183233/central-nervous-system-lesion-differentiation-in-the-emergency-radiology-department" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">234</span> Pontine and Lobar Hemorrhage from Venous Infarction secondary to Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in a 70-year old Filipina with Protein S Deficiency: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelangelo%20Liban">Michelangelo Liban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debbie%20Liquete"> Debbie Liquete</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 70-year-old right-handed Filipina was seen by the Neurology service due to a new onset headache, bi-occipital in location, dull squeezing in character with a pain score of 8/10 with associated nausea and one episode of non-projectile, which provided no relief. Due to the alarming features of the headache despite the absence of risk factors and an essentially normal neurologic examination, a cranial CTA+CTV was done, which revealed a small left frontal and small right pontine hyper density with minimal perilesional edema. Findings also revealed filling defects in the straight and right transverse sinus and a consideration of hypoplastic left transverse sinus with no definite evidence of aneurysm nor A-V malformation. She had normal levels of D-Dimer, Protein C, ANA and Anti-DS DNA but had a low Protein S of 56% (N.V is 70-120%). Antithrombin, homocysteine and Factor V Leiden were not done due to unavailability of the tests. She was then treated as a case of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis with multiple hemorrhage from venous infraction and was given anticoagulants which provided relief of the headache. She did not manifest with any further cortical, bulbar or sensorimotor deficits hence was discharged improved after 15 hospital days. To our knowledge, there are no case reports of patients with CVT from Protein S deficiency and venous anomaly that presented with multiple hemorrhage from venous infarction, more so affecting the brainstem. In this paper, a rare location of CVT in a newly diagnosed Protein S deficient patient is presented together with an uneventful course and favorable outcome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20S%20deficiency" title="protein S deficiency">protein S deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20venous%20thrombosis" title=" cerebral venous thrombosis"> cerebral venous thrombosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pontine%20hemorrhage%20from%20venous%20infarction" title=" pontine hemorrhage from venous infarction"> pontine hemorrhage from venous infarction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly" title=" elderly"> elderly</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169220/pontine-and-lobar-hemorrhage-from-venous-infarction-secondary-to-cerebral-venous-thrombosis-in-a-70-year-old-filipina-with-protein-s-deficiency-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">233</span> Cerebral Toxoplasmosis: A Histopathological Diagnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prateek%20Rastogi">Prateek Rastogi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenash%20Acharya"> Jenash Acharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Histopathology examination has been a boon to forensic experts all around the world since its implication in autopsy cases. Whenever a case of sudden death is encountered, forensic experts clandestinely focus on cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal or cranio-cerebral causes. After ruling out poisoning or trauma, they are left with the only option available, histopathology examination. Besides preserving thoracic and abdominal organs, brain tissues are very less frequently subjected for the analysis. Based on provisional diagnosis documented on hospital treatment record files, one hemisphere of grossly unremarkable cerebrum was confirmatively diagnosed by histopathology examination to be a case of cerebral toxoplasmosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20toxoplasmosis" title="cerebral toxoplasmosis">cerebral toxoplasmosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sudden%20death" title=" sudden death"> sudden death</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20information" title=" health information"> health information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4091/cerebral-toxoplasmosis-a-histopathological-diagnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">232</span> Anesthetic Considerations for Carotid Endarterectomy: Prospective Study Based on Clinical Trials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Yousef%20A.%20Al%20Sultan">Ahmed Yousef A. Al Sultan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The aim of this review is based on clinical research that studies the changes in middle cerebral artery velocity using Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and cerebral oxygen saturation using cerebral oximetry in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) surgery under local anesthesia (LA). Patients with or without neurological symptoms during the surgery are taking a role in this study using triplet method of cerebral oximetry, transcranial doppler and awake test in detecting any cerebral ischemic symptoms. Methods: about one hundred patients took part during their CEA surgeries under local anesthesia, using triple assessment mentioned method, Patients requiring general anesthesia be excluded from analysis. All data were recorded at eight surgery stages separately to serve this study. Results: In total regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), middle cerebral artery (MCA) velocity, and pulsatility index were significantly decreased during carotid artery clamping step in CEA procedures on the targeted carotid side. With most observed changes in MCA velocity during the study. Discussion: Cerebral oxygen saturation and middle cerebral artery velocity were significantly decreased during clamping step of the procedures on the targeted side. The team with neurological symptoms during the procedures showed higher changes of rSO2 and MCA velocity than the team without neurological symptoms. Cerebral rSO2 and MCA velocity significantly increased directly after de-clamping of the internal carotid artery on the affected side. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awake%20testing" title="awake testing">awake testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carotid%20endarterectomy" title=" carotid endarterectomy"> carotid endarterectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20oximetry" title=" cerebral oximetry"> cerebral oximetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanscranial%20Doppler" title=" Tanscranial Doppler"> Tanscranial Doppler</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85460/anesthetic-considerations-for-carotid-endarterectomy-prospective-study-based-on-clinical-trials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">231</span> Underrepresentation of Right Middle Cerebral Infarct: A Statistical Parametric Mapping</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wi-Sun%20Ryu">Wi-Sun Ryu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun-Kee%20Bae"> Eun-Kee Bae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prior studies have shown that patients with right hemispheric stroke are likely to seek medical service compared with those with left hemispheric stroke. However, the underlying mechanism for this phenomenon is unknown. In the present study, we generated lesion probability maps in a patient with right and left middle cerebral artery infarct and statistically compared. We found that precentral gyrus-Brodmann area 44, a language area in the left hemisphere - involvement was significantly higher in patients with left hemispheric stroke. This finding suggests that a language dysfunction was more noticeable, thereby taking more patients to hospitals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20infarct" title="cerebral infarct">cerebral infarct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20MRI" title=" brain MRI"> brain MRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20parametric%20mapping" title=" statistical parametric mapping"> statistical parametric mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20cerebral%20infarct" title=" middle cerebral infarct"> middle cerebral infarct</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19222/underrepresentation-of-right-middle-cerebral-infarct-a-statistical-parametric-mapping" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">230</span> Cerebral Venous Thrombosis at High Altitude: A Rare Presentation by Sub-Arachnoid Hemorrhage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20G.%20Alayad">Eman G. Alayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazen%20G.%20Aleyad"> Mazen G. Aleyad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alshahrani"> Mohammed Alshahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Alnaami"> Ibrahim Alnaami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare type of cerebrovascular disease that can occur at any age. Patients with CVT commonly present with headache, focal neurological deficit, decreased level of consciousness and seizures. Many etiologic risk factors have been reported for CVT, high altitude and oral contraceptive pill some of them. Case Presentation: A 37-year-old woman living in Abha city in the southeastern area of Saudi Arabia. (about 10,000 feet-3000 m) over the sea. complaining acute onset of severe diffuse headache and generalized tonic clonic convulsions. Followed by loss of consciousness. She was on contraceptive pills for the last 3 years. No significant Medical or surgical history. Brain CT revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage, with MRI findings showing thrombosis in transvers sinus. There was no vascular malformations such as aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation (AVM), or dural arteriovenous fistula. A CVT with subarachnoid hemorrhage was our final diagnosis based on clinical presentation and radiographic findings. Discussion: Patients with CVT had evidence of cortical SAH by 10 of 233, others found 3% of SAH was caused by CVT, indicating that the presence of cortical SAH without involvement of the basal cisterns may provide an early sign of underlying CVT. However, what is more interesting in this case, is the relationship of high altitude with CVT and SAH, which previously undescribed. Conclusion: High-altitude climbing per se was described as a risk factor for the development of CVT, though its occurrence was probably rare. Whether it is primary in etiology due to high altitude induced hypercoagulable state of unknown origin or due to cerebrovascular disturbances there is a need for further investigation especially at this unusual presentation of subarachnoid hemorrhage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20venous%20thrombosis" title="cerebral venous thrombosis">cerebral venous thrombosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-altitude" title=" high-altitude"> high-altitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subarachnoid%20hemorrhage" title=" subarachnoid hemorrhage"> subarachnoid hemorrhage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43570/cerebral-venous-thrombosis-at-high-altitude-a-rare-presentation-by-sub-arachnoid-hemorrhage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">229</span> Review of the Anatomy of the Middle Cerebral Artery and Its Anomalies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Cilliers">Karen Cilliers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benedict%20John%20Page"> Benedict John Page</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most complex cerebral artery although few anomalies are found compared to the other cerebral arteries. The branches of the MCA cover a large part of each hemisphere, therefore it is exposed in various operations. Although the segments of the MCA are similarly described by most authors, there is some disagreement on the branching pattern of the MCA. The aim of this study was to review the available literature on the anatomy and variations of the MCA, and to compare this to a pilot study. For the pilot study, 20 hemispheres were perfused with coloured silicone and the MCA was dissected. According to the literature, the two most common branching configurations are the bifurcating and trifurcating patterns. In the pilot study, bifurcation was observed in 19 hemispheres, and in one hemisphere there was no branching (monofurcation). No trifurcation was observed. The most commonly duplicated branch was the anterior parietal artery in 30%, and most commonly absent was the common temporal artery in 65% and the temporal polar artery in 40%. Very few studies describe the origins of the branches of the MCA, therefore a detailed description is given. Middle cerebral artery variations that are occasionally reported in the literature include fenestration, and a duplicated or accessory MCA, although no variations were observed in the pilot study. Aneurysms can frequently be observed at the branching of cerebral vessels, therefore a thorough knowledge of the vascular anatomy is vital. Furthermore, knowledge of possible variations is important since variations can have serious clinical implications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anatomy" title="anatomy">anatomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomaly" title=" anomaly"> anomaly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=description" title=" description"> description</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20cerebral%20artery" title=" middle cerebral artery"> middle cerebral artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=origin" title=" origin"> origin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation" title=" variation"> variation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32595/review-of-the-anatomy-of-the-middle-cerebral-artery-and-its-anomalies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">228</span> Of Love and Isolation: Narratives of Siblings of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Sri Lanka </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyamani%20Hettiarachchi">Shyamani Hettiarachchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: Siblings of children with cerebral palsy are often in the periphery of discussions; their views not always taken into account. The aim of this study was to uncover the narratives of young siblings of children with cerebral palsy in Sri Lanka. Methods: Semi-structured interviews and artwork were gathered from 10 children who have siblings diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The data was analyzed using the key principles of Framework Analysis to determine the key themes within the narratives. Results: The key themes to emerge were complex and nuanced. These included themes of love and feeling of protectiveness; jealousy and uncertainly; guilt and hope. Conclusions: The results highlight the need to take document the views of siblings who are often on the margins of the family and of family decisions and discussions. It also supports the need to offer safe spaces and opportunities for siblings of children with disabilities to express their feelings and to receive support where required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grandmothers" title=" grandmothers"> grandmothers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mothers" title=" mothers"> mothers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narratives" title=" narratives"> narratives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41649/of-love-and-isolation-narratives-of-siblings-of-children-with-cerebral-palsy-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">227</span> Speech Disorders as Predictors of Social Participation of Children with Cerebral Palsy in the Primary Schools of the Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marija%20Zuli%C4%87">Marija Zulić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanda%20H%C3%A1jkov%C3%A1"> Vanda Hájková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Brki%C4%87%E2%80%93Jovanovi%C4%87"> Nina Brkić–Jovanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sre%C4%87ko%20Poti%C4%87"> Srećko Potić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Tomi%C4%87"> Sanja Tomić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The name cerebral palsy comes from the word cerebrum, which means the brain and the word palsy, which means seizure, and essentially refers to the movement disorder. In the clinical picture of cerebral palsy, basic neuromotor disorders are associated with other various disorders: behavioural, intellectual, speech, sensory, epileptic seizures, and bone and joint deformities. Motor speech disorders are among the most common difficulties present in people with cerebral palsy. Social participation represents an interaction between an individual and their social environment. Quality of social participation of the students with cerebral palsy at school is an important indicator of their successful participation in adulthood. One of the most important skills for the undisturbed social participation is ability of good communication. The aim of the study was to determine relation between social participation of students with cerebral palsy and presence of their speech impairment in primary schools in the Czech Republic. The study was performed in the Czech Republic in mainstream schools and schools established for the pupils with special education needs. We analysed 75 children with cerebral palsy aged between six and twelve years attending up to sixth grade by using the first and the third part of the school function assessment questionnaire as the main instrument. The other instrument we used in the research is the Gross motor function classification system–five–level classification system, which measures degree of motor functions of children and youth with cerebral palsy. Funding for this study was provided by the Grant Agency of Charles University in Prague. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title="cerebral palsy">cerebral palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20participation" title=" social participation"> social participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20disorders" title=" speech disorders"> speech disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=The%20Czech%20Republic" title=" The Czech Republic"> The Czech Republic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20school%20function%20assessment" title=" the school function assessment"> the school function assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76883/speech-disorders-as-predictors-of-social-participation-of-children-with-cerebral-palsy-in-the-primary-schools-of-the-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">226</span> Cerebral Pulsatility Mediates the Link Between Physical Activity and Executive Functions in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Longitudinal NIRS Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Mohammadi">Hanieh Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Fraser"> Sarah Fraser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anil%20Nigam"> Anil Nigam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederic%20%20Lesage"> Frederic Lesage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louis%20Bherer"> Louis Bherer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A chronically higher cerebral pulsatility is thought to damage cerebral microcirculation, leading to cognitive decline in older adults. Although it is widely known that regular physical activity is linked to improvement in some cognitive domains, including executive functions, the mediating role of cerebral pulsatility on this link remains to be elucidated. This study assessed the impact of 6 months of regular physical activity upon changes in an optical index of cerebral pulsatility and the role of physical activity for the improvement of executive functions. 27 older adults (aged 57-79, 66.7% women) with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) were enrolled in the study. The participants completed the behavioral Stroop test, which was extracted from the Delis-Kaplan executive functions system battery at baseline (T0) and after 6 months (T6) of physical activity. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was applied for an innovative approach to indexing cerebral pulsatility in the brain microcirculation at T0 and T6. The participants were at standing rest while a NIRS device recorded hemodynamics data from frontal and motor cortex subregions at T0 and T6. The cerebral pulsatility index of interest was cerebral pulse amplitude, which was extracted from the pulsatile component of NIRS data. Our data indicated that 6 months of physical activity was associated with a reduction in the response time for the executive functions, including inhibition (T0: 56.33± 18.2 to T6: 53.33± 15.7,p= 0.038)and Switching(T0: 63.05± 5.68 to T6: 57.96 ±7.19,p< 0.001) conditions of the Stroop test. Also, physical activity was associated with a reduction in cerebral pulse amplitude (T0: 0.62± 0.05 to T6: 0.55± 0.08, p < 0.001). Notably, cerebral pulse amplitude was a significant mediator of the link between physical activity and response to the Stroop test for both inhibition (β=0.33 (0.61,0.23),p< 0.05)and switching (β=0.42 (0.69,0.11),p <0.01) conditions. This study suggests that regular physical activity may support cognitive functions through the improvement of cerebral pulsatility in older adults with CVRF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-infrared%20spectroscopy" title="near-infrared spectroscopy">near-infrared spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20pulsatility" title=" cerebral pulsatility"> cerebral pulsatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20risk%20factors" title=" cardiovascular risk factors"> cardiovascular risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20functions" title=" executive functions"> executive functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138094/cerebral-pulsatility-mediates-the-link-between-physical-activity-and-executive-functions-in-older-adults-with-cardiovascular-risk-factors-a-longitudinal-nirs-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">225</span> Melatonin Suppresses the Brain Injury after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion in Hyperglycemic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalia%20O.%20Saleha">Dalia O. Saleha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gehad%20A.%20Abdel%20Jaleela"> Gehad A. Abdel Jaleela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sally%20W.%20Al-Awdana"> Sally W. Al-Awdana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to exacerbate cerebral ischemic injury. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of oral supplementation of melatonin (MLN) on cerebral injury caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/Re) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic rats. Hyperglycemia was induced by a single injection of STZ (55mg/kg; i.p.), six weeks later the cerebral injury was induced by MCAO/Re. Twenty-four hours after the MCAO/Re the MLN (10 mg/kg) was injected for 14 consecutive days. Results of the present study revealed that MCAO/Re in STZ-induced hyperglycemia in rats causes an increase in the oxidative stress biomarkers; it increased brain lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde; MDA) and brain level of nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, MCAO/Reproduces a prominent increase in the brain inflammatory markers viz. interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis nuclear factor-alpha (TNF-α). Oral treatment of MCAO/Re in STZ-induced hyperglycemic rats with MLN (10 mg/kg) for two weeks restored the brain levels of MDA, GSH, NO, IL-6, IL-1β and the TNF-α. MLN succeeded to suppress the exacerbation of damage in the brain of hyperglycemic rats. These results suggest that daily intake of MLN attenuates the exacerbation of cerebral ischemic injury in a diabetic state, which may be attributed to anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title="melatonin">melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20injury" title=" brain injury"> brain injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20ischemia%2Freperfusion" title=" cerebral ischemia/reperfusion"> cerebral ischemia/reperfusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperglycemia" title=" hyperglycemia"> hyperglycemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89295/melatonin-suppresses-the-brain-injury-after-cerebral-ischemiareperfusion-in-hyperglycemic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">224</span> The Existence of a Sciatic Artery in Congenital Lower Limb Deformities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20Al%20Talalwah">Waseem Al Talalwah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shorok%20Al%20Dorazi"> Shorok Al Dorazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roger%20Soames"> Roger Soames</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Persistent sciatic artery is a rare anatomical vascular variation resulting from a lack of regression of the embryonic dorsal axial artery. The axial artery is the main artery supplying the lower limb during development in the first trimester. The current research includes 206 sciatic artery cases in 171 patients between 1864 and 2012. It aims to identify the risk factor of sciatic artery aneurysm in congenital limb anomalies. Sciatic artery aneurysm was diagnosed incidentally in amniotic band syndrome (ABS) existing with no congenital anomaly in 0.7% or with double knee in 0.7%, with the tibia in 0.7% and with hemihypertrophy or soft tissue hypertrophy in 1.4%. Therefore, the current study indicates a relationship the same gene responsible for the congenital limb deformities may be responsible for non-regression of the sciatic artery. Furthermore, pediatricians should refer cases of congenital limb anomalies for vascular evaluation prior to corrective surgical intervention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amniotic%20band%20syndrome" title="amniotic band syndrome">amniotic band syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congenital%20limb%20deformities" title=" congenital limb deformities"> congenital limb deformities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20knee" title=" double knee"> double knee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sciatic%20artery" title=" sciatic artery"> sciatic artery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sciatic%20artery%20aneurysm" title=" sciatic artery aneurysm "> sciatic artery aneurysm </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20tissue%20hypertrophy" title=" soft tissue hypertrophy"> soft tissue hypertrophy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76477/the-existence-of-a-sciatic-artery-in-congenital-lower-limb-deformities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">223</span> Predictors of Social Participation of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Primary Schools in Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marija%20Zuli%C4%87">Marija Zulić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanda%20H%C3%A1jkov%C3%A1"> Vanda Hájková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Brki%C4%87-Jovanovi%C4%87"> Nina Brkić-Jovanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Rathousov%C3%A1"> Linda Rathousová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanja%20Tomi%C4%87"> Sanja Tomić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cerebral palsy is primarily reflected in the disorder of the development of movement and posture, which may be accompanied by sensory disturbances, disturbances of perception, cognition and communication, behavioural disorders and epilepsy. According to current inclusive attitudes towards people with disabilities implies that full social participation of children with cerebral palsy means inclusion in all activities in family, peer, school and leisure environments in the same scope and to the same extent as is the case with the children of proper development and without physical difficulties. Due to the fact that it has been established that the quality of children's participation in primary school is directly related to their social inclusion in future life, the aim of the paper is to identify predictors of social participation, respectively, and in particular, factors that could to improve the quality of social participation of children with cerebral palsy, in the primary school environment in Czech Republic. The study includes children with cerebral palsy (n = 75) in the Czech Republic, aged between six and 12 years who attend mainstream or special primary schools to the sixth grade. The main instrument used was the first and third part of the School function assessment questionnaire. It will also take into account the type of damage assessed according to a scale the Gross motor function classification system, five–level classification system for cerebral palsy. The research results will provide detailed insight into the degree of social participation of children with cerebral palsy and the factors that would be a potential cause of their levels of participation, in regular and special primary schools, in different socioeconomic environments in Czech Republic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title="cerebral palsy">cerebral palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Czech%20republic" title=" Czech republic"> Czech republic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20participation" title=" social participation"> social participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20school%20function%20assessment" title=" the school function assessment"> the school function assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67841/predictors-of-social-participation-of-children-with-cerebral-palsy-in-primary-schools-in-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">222</span> Coping Life with Female Autistic and Cerebral Palsy Teenagers: Stress Developed by Parental Care in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edwina%20Owusu%20Panin">Edwina Owusu Panin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derrick%20Antwi"> Derrick Antwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Autism and cerebral palsy are fraternal twins in the world of communication and social interaction challenges. Caring for autistic and cerebral palsied female teenagers in Ghana can be difficult and stressful for parents. We highlight the findings of dealing with stress, where female teenagers are more daunting than male teenagers, related to the demand for a lot of attention linked to the puberty transition. This brief examines the challenges that parents face in caring for teenagers with autism and cerebral palsy in Ghana and the stress that can develop from parental care. The article also highlights the importance of identifying and addressing mental health and self-care issues in parents of disabled female teenagers, as these issues can significantly affect the well-being of both parents and their children. Parents of teenagers with disabilities often face a variety of challenges, including managing their children's care and medical needs, navigating the educational system, and addressing social and emotional needs. These challenges can be even more disheartening in Ghana, where resources and support for families of children with disabilities are limited. In a nutshell, the challenges of caring for female teenagers with autism and cerebral palsy can be significant in Ghana. The article outlines methods that parents in Ghana can take to manage their stress and provide a brighter future for their female teenagers. Parents are better able to cope with the challenges of parenting and provide the best care possible for their female teenagers with disabilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title="autism">autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title=" cerebral palsy"> cerebral palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20teenagers" title=" female teenagers"> female teenagers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20care" title=" parental care"> parental care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170427/coping-life-with-female-autistic-and-cerebral-palsy-teenagers-stress-developed-by-parental-care-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170427.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">221</span> Determining the Threshold for Protective Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Aortic Structure in a Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome Associated Aortic Aneurysm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20P.%20Gibson">Christine P. Gibson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramona%20Alex"> Ramona Alex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Farney"> Michael Farney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johana%20Vallejo-Elias"> Johana Vallejo-Elias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitra%20Esfandiarei"> Mitra Esfandiarei </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aortic aneurysm is the leading cause of death in Marfan syndrome (MFS), a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1). MFS aneurysm is characterized by weakening of the aortic wall due to elastin fibers fragmentation and disorganization. The above-average height and distinct physical features make young adults with MFS desirable candidates for competitive sports; but little is known about the exercise limit at which they will be at risk for aortic rupture. On the other hand, aerobic cardiovascular exercise has been shown to have protective effects on the heart and aorta. We have previously reported that mild aerobic exercise can delay the formation of aortic aneurysm in a mouse model of MFS. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of various levels of exercise intensity on the progression of aortic aneurysm in the mouse model. Starting at 4 weeks of age, we subjected control and MFS mice to different levels of exercise intensity (8m/min, 10m/min, 15m/min, and 20m/min, corresponding to 55%, 65%, 75%, and 85% of VO2 max, respectively) on a treadmill for 30 minutes per day, five days a week for the duration of the study. At 24 weeks of age, aortic tissue were isolated and subjected to structural and functional studies using histology and wire myography in order to evaluate the effects of different exercise routines on elastin fragmentation and organization and aortic wall elasticity/stiffness. Our data shows that exercise training at the intensity levels between 55%-75% significantly reduces elastin fragmentation and disorganization, with less recovery observed in 85% MFS group. The reversibility of elasticity was also significantly restored in MFS mice subjected to 55%-75% intensity; however, the recovery was less pronounced in MFS mice subjected to 85% intensity. Furthermore, our data shows that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contractilion in response to vasoconstrictor agent phenylephrine (100nM) is significantly reduced in MFS aorta (54.84 ± 1.63 mN/mm2) as compared to control (95.85 ± 3.04 mN/mm2). At 55% of intensity, exercise did not rescue SMCs contraction (63.45 ± 1.70 mN/mm2), while at higher intensity levels, SMCs contraction in response to phenylephrine was restored to levels similar to control aorta [65% (81.88 ± 4.57 mN/mm2), 75% (86.22 ± 3.84 mN/mm2), and 85% (83.91 ± 5.42 mN/mm2)]. This study provides the first time evidence that high intensity exercise (e.g. 85%) may not provide the most beneficial effects on aortic function (vasoconstriction) and structure (elastin fragmentation, aortic wall elasticity) during the progression of aortic aneurysm in MFS mice. On the other hand, based on our observations, medium intensity exercise (e.g. 65%) seems to provide the utmost protective effects on aortic structure and function in MFS mice. These findings provide new insights into the potential capacity, in which MFS patients could participate in various aerobic exercise routines, especially in young adults affected by cardiovascular complications particularly aortic aneurysm. This work was funded by Midwestern University Research Fund. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic%20exercise" title="aerobic exercise">aerobic exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aortic%20aneurysm" title=" aortic aneurysm"> aortic aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aortic%20wall%20elasticity" title=" aortic wall elasticity"> aortic wall elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastin%20fragmentation" title=" elastin fragmentation"> elastin fragmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marfan%20syndrome" title=" Marfan syndrome"> Marfan syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47433/determining-the-threshold-for-protective-effects-of-aerobic-exercise-on-aortic-structure-in-a-mouse-model-of-marfan-syndrome-associated-aortic-aneurysm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">220</span> Infused Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Organs Morphology in Cerebral Malaria Infection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reva%20Sharan%20Thakur">Reva Sharan Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mrinalini%20Tiwari"> Mrinalini Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyoti%20das"> Jyoti das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cerebral malaria-associated over expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines ultimately results in the up-regulation of adhesion molecules in the brain endothelium leading to sequestration of mature parasitized RBCs in the brain. The high-parasitic load subsequently results in increased mortality or development of neurological symptoms within a week of infection. Studies in the human and experimental cerebral malaria have implicated the breakdown of the integrity of blood-brain barrier during the lethal course of infection, cerebral dysfunction, and fatal organ pathologies that result in multi-organ failure. In the present study, using Plasmodium berghei Anka as a mouse model and in vitro conditions, we have investigated the effect of MSCs to attenuate cerebral malaria pathogenesis by diminishing the effect of inflammation altered organ morphology, reduced parasitemia, and increased survival of the mice. MSCs are also validated for their role in preventing BBB dysfunction and reducing malarial toxins. It was observed that administration of MSCs significantly reduced parasitemia and increased survival in Pb A infected mice. It was further demonstrated that MSCs play a significant role in reversing neurological complexities associated with cerebral malaria. Infusion of MSCs in infected mice decreased hemozoin deposition; oedema, and haemorrhagic lesions in vascular organs. MSCs administration also preserved the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and reduced neural inflammation. Taken together, our results demonstrate the potential of MSCs as an emerging anti-malarial candidate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20malaria" title="cerebral malaria">cerebral malaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cells" title=" mesenchymal stem cells"> mesenchymal stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erythropoesis" title=" erythropoesis"> erythropoesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20death" title=" cell death"> cell death</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148616/infused-mesenchymal-stem-cells-ameliorate-organs-morphology-in-cerebral-malaria-infection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">219</span> Social Support and Quality of Life of Youth Suffering from Cerebral Palsy Temporarily Orphaned Due to Emigration of a Parent </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gagat-Matu%C5%82a">A. Gagat-Matuła</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article is concerned in the issue of social support and quality of life of youth suffering from cerebral palsy, who are temporarily orphaned due to the emigration of a parent. Migration causes multi-aspect consequences in various spheres of life. They are particularly severe for the functioning of families. Temporal parting of parents and children, especially the disabled, is a difficult situation. In this case, the family structure is changed, as well as the quality of life of its members. Children can handle migration parting in a better or worse way; these can be divided into properly functioning and manifesting behaviour disorders. In conditions of the progressing phenomenon of labour migration of Poles and a wide spectrum of consequences for the whole social life, it is essential to undertake actions aimed at support of migrants and their families. This article focuses mainly on social support and quality of families members, of which, are the labour migrants perceived by youth suffering from cerebral palsy. The quantitative method was used in this study. In the study, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) by Diener, was used. The analysed group consisted of 50 persons (37 girls and 13 boys), aged 16 years to 18 years, whose parents are labour migrants. The results indicate that the quality of life and social support for youth suffering from cerebral palsy who are temporarily orphaned is at a low and average level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20support" title="social support">social support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title=" cerebral palsy"> cerebral palsy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75703/social-support-and-quality-of-life-of-youth-suffering-from-cerebral-palsy-temporarily-orphaned-due-to-emigration-of-a-parent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">218</span> Construction of a Dynamic Model of Cerebral Blood Circulation for Future Integrated Control of Brain State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomohiko%20Utsuki">Tomohiko Utsuki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, brain resuscitation becomes increasingly important due to revising various clinical guidelines pertinent to emergency care. In brain resuscitation, the control of brain temperature (BT), intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) is required for stabilizing physiological state of brain, and is described as the essential treatment points in many guidelines of disorder and/or disease such as brain injury, stroke, and encephalopathy. Thus, an integrated control system of BT, ICP, and CBF will greatly contribute to alleviating the burden on medical staff and improving treatment effect in brain resuscitation. In order to develop such a control system, models related to BT, ICP, and CBF are required for control simulation, because trial and error experiments using patients are not ethically allowed. A static model of cerebral blood circulation from intracranial arteries and vertebral artery to jugular veins has already constructed and verified. However, it is impossible to represent the pooling of blood in blood vessels, which is one cause of cerebral hypertension in this model. And, it is also impossible to represent the pulsing motion of blood vessels caused by blood pressure change which can have an affect on the change of cerebral tissue pressure. Thus, a dynamic model of cerebral blood circulation is constructed in consideration of the elasticity of the blood vessel and the inertia of the blood vessel wall. The constructed dynamic model was numerically analyzed using the normal data, in which each arterial blood flow in cerebral blood circulation, the distribution of blood pressure in the Circle of Willis, and the change of blood pressure along blood flow were calculated for verifying against physiological knowledge. As the result, because each calculated numerical value falling within the generally known normal range, this model has no problem in representing at least the normal physiological state of the brain. It is the next task to verify the accuracy of the present model in the case of disease or disorder. Currently, the construction of a migration model of extracellular fluid and a model of heat transfer in cerebral tissue are in progress for making them parts of an integrated model of brain physiological state, which is necessary for developing an future integrated control system of BT, ICP and CBF. The present model is applicable to constructing the integrated model representing at least the normal condition of brain physiological state by uniting with such models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20model" title="dynamic model">dynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20blood%20circulation" title=" cerebral blood circulation"> cerebral blood circulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20resuscitation" title=" brain resuscitation"> brain resuscitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20control" title=" automatic control"> automatic control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84991/construction-of-a-dynamic-model-of-cerebral-blood-circulation-for-future-integrated-control-of-brain-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">217</span> Theory of Mind and Its Brain Distribution in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Han%20Wang">Wei-Han Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiang-Yu%20Yu"> Hsiang-Yu Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mau-Sun%20Hua"> Mau-Sun Hua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to infer another’s mental state. With appropriate ToM, one can behave well in social interactions. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) may have damaged ToM due to impact on regions of the underlying neural network of ToM. However, the question of whether there is cerebral laterality for ToM functions remains open. This study aimed to examine whether there is cerebral lateralization for ToM abilities in TLE patients. Sixty-seven adult TLE patients and 30 matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Patients were classified into right (RTLE), left (LTLE), and bilateral (BTLE) TLE groups on the basis of a consensus panel review of their seizure semiology, EEG findings, and brain imaging results. All participants completed an intellectual test and four tasks measuring basic and advanced ToM. The results showed that, on all ToM tasks; (1)each patient group performed worse than HC; (2)there were no significant differences between LTLE and RTLE groups; (3)the BTLE group performed the worst. It appears that the neural network responsible for ToM is distributed evenly between the cerebral hemispheres. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20lateralization" title="cerebral lateralization">cerebral lateralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20cognition" title=" social cognition"> social cognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20lobe%20epilepsy" title=" temporal lobe epilepsy"> temporal lobe epilepsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20mind" title=" theory of mind"> theory of mind</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23843/theory-of-mind-and-its-brain-distribution-in-patients-with-temporal-lobe-epilepsy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">216</span> Effects of External and Internal Focus of Attention in Motor Learning of Children with Cerebral Palsy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Pourazar">Morteza Pourazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Mirakhori"> Fatemeh Mirakhori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazlolah%20Bagherzadeh"> Fazlolah Bagherzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasool%20Hemayattalab"> Rasool Hemayattalab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of study was to examine the effects of external and internal focus of attention in the motor learning of children with cerebral palsy. The study involved 30 boys (7 to 12 years old) with CP type 1 who practiced throwing beanbags. The participants were randomly assigned to the internal focus, external focus, and control groups, and performed six blocks of 10-trial with attentional focus reminders during a practice phase and no reminders during retention and transfer tests. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures on the last factor was used. The results show that significant main effects were found for time and group. However, the interaction of time and group was not significant. Retention scores were significantly higher for the external focus group. The external focus group performed better than other groups; however, the internal focus and control groups’ performance did not differ. The study concluded that motor skills in Spastic Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy (SHCP) children could be enhanced by external attention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title="cerebral palsy">cerebral palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20attention" title=" external attention"> external attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20attention" title=" internal attention"> internal attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=throwing%20task" title=" throwing task"> throwing task</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69895/effects-of-external-and-internal-focus-of-attention-in-motor-learning-of-children-with-cerebral-palsy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cerebral%20aneurysm&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cerebral%20aneurysm&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cerebral%20aneurysm&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cerebral%20aneurysm&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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