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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lists of appointees</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lists_of_appointees-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lists of appointees subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lists_of_appointees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Consultants_in_Poetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consultants_in_Poetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Consultants in Poetry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consultants_in_Poetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poet_Laureate_Consultants_in_Poetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poet_Laureate_Consultants_in_Poetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Poet 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">United States Poet Laureate</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px var( --border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1 ); line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_(52231993609).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_%2852231993609%29.jpg/220px-Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_%2852231993609%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_%2852231993609%29.jpg/330px-Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_%2852231993609%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_%2852231993609%29.jpg/440px-Ada_Lim%C3%B3n_%2852231993609%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3761" data-file-height="5265" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n" title="Ada Limón">Ada Limón</a><br /></div>since 2022</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Librarian_of_Congress" title="Librarian of Congress">Librarian</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Two years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">1937</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data">$60,000 annually</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/programs/poetry-and-literature/poet-laureate/">www<wbr />.loc<wbr />.gov<wbr />/programs<wbr />/poetry-and-literature<wbr />/poet-laureate<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Poets Laureate of individual states, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states%27_Poets_Laureate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states' Poets Laureate">List of U.S. states' Poets Laureate</a>.</div> <p>The <b>Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress</b>, commonly referred to as the <b>United States Poet Laureate</b>, serves as the official poet of the United States. During their term, the <a href="/wiki/Poet_laureate" title="Poet laureate">poet laureate</a> seeks to raise the national consciousness to a greater appreciation of the reading and writing of poetry. The position was modeled on the <a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom">Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom</a>. Begun in 1937, and formerly known as the <b>Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress</b>, the present title was devised and authorized by an Act of Congress in 1985. Appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Librarian_of_Congress" title="Librarian of Congress">Librarian of Congress</a>, the poet laureate's office is administered by the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_Book" title="Center for the Book">Center for the Book</a>. For children's poets, the <a href="/wiki/Poetry_Foundation" title="Poetry Foundation">Poetry Foundation</a> awards the <a href="/wiki/Young_People%27s_Poet_Laureate" title="Young People's Poet Laureate">Young People's Poet Laureate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The incumbent poet laureate (since 2022) is <a href="/wiki/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n" title="Ada Limón">Ada Limón</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry is appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Librarian_of_Congress" title="Librarian of Congress">Librarian of Congress</a> and usually serves a two-year term. In making the appointment, the Librarian consults with current and former poets laureate and other distinguished personalities in the field. </p><p>Currently, the poet laureate receives a $60,000 annual <a href="/wiki/Stipend" title="Stipend">stipend</a>, endowed by a gift from <a href="/wiki/Archer_M._Huntington#stipend_Consultant_Poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Archer M. Huntington">Archer M. Huntington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 3, 1985, the U.S. Congress passed legislation authored by Senator <a href="/wiki/Spark_M._Matsunaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Spark M. Matsunaga">Spark M. Matsunaga</a> of Hawaii changing the title of the position to Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Library minimizes assigned duties, to allow incumbents to pursue their own projects while at the Library. The poet laureate presents an annual lecture and reading of their poetry and usually introduces poets at the Library's poetry series, the oldest in the Washington area and among the oldest in the United States. This annual series of public poetry and fiction readings, lectures, symposia, and occasional dramatic performances began in the 1940s. Collectively, the poets laureate have brought more than 2,000 poets and authors to the Library to read for the Archive of Recorded Poetry and Literature. </p><p>Each consultant has brought a different emphasis to the position.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maxine_Kumin" title="Maxine Kumin">Maxine Kumin</a> started a popular series of poetry workshops for women at the Library of Congress. <a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a> met with elementary school students to encourage them to write poetry. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a> initiated the idea of providing poetry in airports, supermarkets, and hotel rooms. <a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a>, considered the first activist poet laureate, brought together writers to explore the <a href="/wiki/African_diaspora" title="African diaspora">African diaspora</a> through the eyes of its artists, championed <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_poetry" title="Children's poetry">children's poetry</a> and jazz with poetry events and read at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> during <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>'s first state dinner. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hass" title="Robert Hass">Robert Hass</a> organized a watershed conference that brought together popular novelists, poets, and storytellers to talk about writing, nature, and community, and co-founded the <a href="/w/index.php?title=River_of_Words&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="River of Words (page does not exist)">River of Words</a> K–12 international children's poetry and art contest.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pinsky" title="Robert Pinsky">Robert Pinsky</a> initiated the <a href="/wiki/Favorite_Poem_Project" title="Favorite Poem Project">Favorite Poem Project</a>. Billy Collins's "Poetry 180" project distributed a poem to all high schools for every day of the school year. These poems were also collected and published in two anthologies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lists_of_appointees">Lists of appointees</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Lists of appointees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each year links to its corresponding "[year] in poetry" article: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consultants_in_Poetry">Consultants in Poetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Consultants in Poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 17em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1937_in_poetry" title="1937 in poetry">1937</a>–<a href="/wiki/1941_in_poetry" title="1941 in poetry">1941</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Auslander" title="Joseph Auslander">Joseph Auslander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_in_poetry" title="1943 in poetry">1943</a>–<a href="/wiki/1944_in_poetry" title="1944 in poetry">1944</a>: <a href="/wiki/Allen_Tate" title="Allen Tate">Allen Tate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_in_poetry" title="1944 in poetry">1944</a>–<a href="/wiki/1945_in_poetry" title="1945 in poetry">1945</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_in_poetry" title="1945 in poetry">1945</a>–<a href="/wiki/1946_in_poetry" title="1946 in poetry">1946</a>: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Bogan" title="Louise Bogan">Louise Bogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_in_poetry" title="1946 in poetry">1946</a>–<a href="/wiki/1947_in_poetry" title="1947 in poetry">1947</a>: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Shapiro" title="Karl Shapiro">Karl Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_in_poetry" title="1947 in poetry">1947</a>–<a href="/wiki/1948_in_poetry" title="1948 in poetry">1948</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lowell" title="Robert Lowell">Robert Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_in_poetry" title="1948 in poetry">1948</a>–<a href="/wiki/1949_in_poetry" title="1949 in poetry">1949</a>: <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onie_Adams" title="Léonie Adams">Léonie Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_in_poetry" title="1949 in poetry">1949</a>–<a href="/wiki/1950_in_poetry" title="1950 in poetry">1950</a>: <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bishop" title="Elizabeth Bishop">Elizabeth Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_in_poetry" title="1950 in poetry">1950</a>–<a href="/wiki/1952_in_poetry" title="1952 in poetry">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Aiken" title="Conrad Aiken">Conrad Aiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_in_poetry" title="1952 in poetry">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams" title="William Carlos Williams">William Carlos Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_in_poetry" title="1956 in poetry">1956</a>–<a href="/wiki/1958_in_poetry" title="1958 in poetry">1958</a>: <a href="/wiki/Randall_Jarrell" title="Randall Jarrell">Randall Jarrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_in_poetry" title="1958 in poetry">1958</a>–<a href="/wiki/1959_in_poetry" title="1959 in poetry">1959</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Frost" title="Robert Frost">Robert Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_in_poetry" title="1959 in poetry">1959</a>–<a href="/wiki/1961_in_poetry" title="1961 in poetry">1961</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Eberhart" title="Richard Eberhart">Richard Eberhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_in_poetry" title="1961 in poetry">1961</a>–<a href="/wiki/1963_in_poetry" title="1963 in poetry">1963</a>: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Untermeyer" title="Louis Untermeyer">Louis Untermeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_in_poetry" title="1963 in poetry">1963</a>–<a href="/wiki/1964_in_poetry" title="1964 in poetry">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Howard_Nemerov" title="Howard Nemerov">Howard Nemerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_in_poetry" title="1964 in poetry">1964</a>–<a href="/wiki/1965_in_poetry" title="1965 in poetry">1965</a>: <a href="/wiki/Reed_Whittemore" title="Reed Whittemore">Reed Whittemore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_in_poetry" title="1965 in poetry">1965</a>–<a href="/wiki/1966_in_poetry" title="1966 in poetry">1966</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Spender" title="Stephen Spender">Stephen Spender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_in_poetry" title="1966 in poetry">1966</a>–<a href="/wiki/1968_in_poetry" title="1968 in poetry">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Dickey" title="James Dickey">James Dickey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_in_poetry" title="1968 in poetry">1968</a>–<a href="/wiki/1970_in_poetry" title="1970 in poetry">1970</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jay_Smith" title="William Jay Smith">William Jay Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_in_poetry" title="1970 in poetry">1970</a>–<a href="/wiki/1971_in_poetry" title="1971 in poetry">1971</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Stafford_(poet)" title="William Stafford (poet)">William Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_in_poetry" title="1971 in poetry">1971</a>–<a href="/wiki/1973_in_poetry" title="1973 in poetry">1973</a>: <a href="/wiki/Josephine_Jacobsen" title="Josephine Jacobsen">Josephine Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_in_poetry" title="1973 in poetry">1973</a>–<a href="/wiki/1974_in_poetry" title="1974 in poetry">1974</a>: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hoffman" title="Daniel Hoffman">Daniel Hoffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_in_poetry" title="1974 in poetry">1974</a>–<a href="/wiki/1976_in_poetry" title="1976 in poetry">1976</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kunitz" title="Stanley Kunitz">Stanley Kunitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_in_poetry" title="1976 in poetry">1976</a>–<a href="/wiki/1978_in_poetry" title="1978 in poetry">1978</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hayden" title="Robert Hayden">Robert Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_in_poetry" title="1978 in poetry">1978</a>–<a href="/wiki/1980_in_poetry" title="1980 in poetry">1980</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Morris_Meredith,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Morris Meredith, Jr.">William Meredith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_in_poetry" title="1981 in poetry">1981</a>–<a href="/wiki/1982_in_poetry" title="1982 in poetry">1982</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maxine_Kumin" title="Maxine Kumin">Maxine Kumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_in_poetry" title="1982 in poetry">1982</a>–<a href="/wiki/1984_in_poetry" title="1984 in poetry">1984</a>: <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hecht" title="Anthony Hecht">Anthony Hecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_in_poetry" title="1984 in poetry">1984</a>–<a href="/wiki/1985_in_poetry" title="1985 in poetry">1985</a>: <a href="/wiki/Reed_Whittemore" title="Reed Whittemore">Reed Whittemore</a> (interim)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_in_poetry" title="1984 in poetry">1984</a>–<a href="/wiki/1985_in_poetry" title="1985 in poetry">1985</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fitzgerald" title="Robert Fitzgerald">Robert Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_in_poetry" title="1985 in poetry">1985</a>–<a href="/wiki/1986_in_poetry" title="1986 in poetry">1986</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poet_Laureate_Consultants_in_Poetry">Poet Laureate Consultants in Poetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Poet Laureate Consultants in Poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 17em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1986_in_poetry" title="1986 in poetry">1986</a>–<a href="/wiki/1987_in_poetry" title="1987 in poetry">1987</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_in_poetry" title="1987 in poetry">1987</a>–<a href="/wiki/1988_in_poetry" title="1988 in poetry">1988</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilbur" title="Richard Wilbur">Richard Wilbur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_in_poetry" title="1988 in poetry">1988</a>–<a href="/wiki/1990_in_poetry" title="1990 in poetry">1990</a>: <a href="/wiki/Howard_Nemerov" title="Howard Nemerov">Howard Nemerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_in_poetry" title="1990 in poetry">1990</a>–<a href="/wiki/1991_in_poetry" title="1991 in poetry">1991</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Strand" title="Mark Strand">Mark Strand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_in_poetry" title="1991 in poetry">1991</a>–<a href="/wiki/1992_in_poetry" title="1992 in poetry">1992</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_in_poetry" title="1992 in poetry">1992</a>–<a href="/wiki/1993_in_poetry" title="1993 in poetry">1993</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mona_Van_Duyn" title="Mona Van Duyn">Mona Van Duyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_poetry" title="1993 in poetry">1993</a>–<a href="/wiki/1995_in_poetry" title="1995 in poetry">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_in_poetry" title="1995 in poetry">1995</a>–<a href="/wiki/1997_in_poetry" title="1997 in poetry">1997</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hass" title="Robert Hass">Robert Hass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_in_poetry" title="1997 in poetry">1997</a>–<a href="/wiki/2000_in_poetry" title="2000 in poetry">2000</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pinsky" title="Robert Pinsky">Robert Pinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_in_poetry" title="2000 in poetry">2000</a>–<a href="/wiki/2001_in_poetry" title="2001 in poetry">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kunitz" title="Stanley Kunitz">Stanley Kunitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_in_poetry" title="2001 in poetry">2001</a>–<a href="/wiki/2003_in_poetry" title="2003 in poetry">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Billy_Collins" title="Billy Collins">Billy Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_in_poetry" title="2003 in poetry">2003</a>–<a href="/wiki/2004_in_poetry" title="2004 in poetry">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_in_poetry" title="2004 in poetry">2004</a>–<a href="/wiki/2006_in_poetry" title="2006 in poetry">2006</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kooser" title="Ted Kooser">Ted Kooser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_in_poetry" title="2006 in poetry">2006</a>–<a href="/wiki/2007_in_poetry" title="2007 in poetry">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Hall" title="Donald Hall">Donald Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_in_poetry" title="2007 in poetry">2007</a>–<a href="/wiki/2008_in_poetry" title="2008 in poetry">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Simic" title="Charles Simic">Charles Simic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_poetry" title="2008 in poetry">2008</a>–<a href="/wiki/2010_in_poetry" title="2010 in poetry">2010</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kay_Ryan" title="Kay Ryan">Kay Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_in_poetry" title="2010 in poetry">2010</a>–<a href="/wiki/2011_in_poetry" title="2011 in poetry">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/W._S._Merwin" title="W. S. Merwin">W. S. Merwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_in_poetry" title="2011 in poetry">2011</a>–<a href="/wiki/2012_in_poetry" title="2012 in poetry">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Levine_(poet)" title="Philip Levine (poet)">Philip Levine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_in_poetry" title="2012 in poetry">2012</a>–<a href="/wiki/2014_in_poetry" title="2014 in poetry">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Trethewey" title="Natasha Trethewey">Natasha Trethewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_poetry" title="2014 in poetry">2014</a>–<a href="/wiki/2015_in_poetry" title="2015 in poetry">2015</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wright_(poet)" title="Charles Wright (poet)">Charles Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_poetry" title="2015 in poetry">2015</a>–<a href="/wiki/2017_in_poetry" title="2017 in poetry">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Felipe_Herrera" title="Juan Felipe Herrera">Juan Felipe Herrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_poetry" title="2017 in poetry">2017</a>–<a href="/wiki/2019_in_poetry" title="2019 in poetry">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tracy_K._Smith" title="Tracy K. Smith">Tracy K. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_poetry" title="2019 in poetry">2019</a>–<a href="/wiki/2022_in_poetry" title="2022 in poetry">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joy_Harjo" title="Joy Harjo">Joy Harjo</a></li> <li>since <a href="/wiki/2022_in_poetry" title="2022 in poetry">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n" title="Ada Limón">Ada Limón</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_Consultants_in_Poetry">Special Consultants in Poetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Special Consultants in Poetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1999_in_poetry" title="1999 in poetry">1999</a>–<a href="/wiki/2000_in_poetry" title="2000 in poetry">2000</a> (for Library of Congress's 200th Anniversary) <a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a>, and <a href="/wiki/W._S._Merwin" title="W. S. Merwin">W. S. Merwin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 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title="Portal:Poetry">Poetry portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_poetry" title="American poetry">American poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_awards" title="List of poetry awards">List of poetry awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_awards" title="List of literary awards">List of literary awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_poetry" title="List of years in poetry">List of years in poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_literature" title="List of years in literature">List of years in literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Poet_Laureate" title="National Youth Poet Laureate">National Youth Poet Laureate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPaige_Bentley-Flannery2017" class="citation web cs1">Paige Bentley-Flannery (May 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alsc.ala.org/blog/2017/05/young-peoples-poet-laureate">"Young People's Poet Laureate"</a>. <i>Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Association+for+Library+Service+to+Children+%28ALSC%29&rft.atitle=Young+People%27s+Poet+Laureate&rft.date=2017-05-26&rft.au=Paige+Bentley-Flannery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alsc.ala.org%2Fblog%2F2017%2F05%2Fyoung-peoples-poet-laureate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Poet+Laureate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2022" class="citation web cs1">Library of Congress (July 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsroom.loc.gov/news/librarian-of-congress-names-ada-lim-n-the-nation-s-24th-u.s.-poet-laureate/s/44d3bf04-61fa-465d-89f7-6ace60f0790a">"Librarian of Congress Names Ada Limon the Nation's 24th U.S. Poet Laureate"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Librarian+of+Congress+Names+Ada+Limon+the+Nation%27s+24th+U.S.+Poet+Laureate&rft.date=2022-07-12&rft.au=Library+of+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsroom.loc.gov%2Fnews%2Flibrarian-of-congress-names-ada-lim-n-the-nation-s-24th-u.s.-poet-laureate%2Fs%2F44d3bf04-61fa-465d-89f7-6ace60f0790a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Poet+Laureate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGuire, William (1988). <i>Poetry's Catbird Seat: The Consultantship in Poetry in the English language at the Library of Congress, 1937–1987</i> (Library of Congress, Washington, D. C.). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8444-0586-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8444-0586-8">0-8444-0586-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArnone2020" class="citation web cs1">Arnone, Chris M. (2020-05-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bookriot.com/what-does-a-poet-laureate-do/">"What Does a Poet Laureate Do?"</a>. <i>BOOK RIOT</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BOOK+RIOT&rft.atitle=What+Does+a+Poet+Laureate+Do%3F&rft.date=2020-05-20&rft.aulast=Arnone&rft.aufirst=Chris+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbookriot.com%2Fwhat-does-a-poet-laureate-do%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Poet+Laureate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stmarys-ca.edu/center-for-environmental-literacy/river-of-words">"River of Words"</a>. Saint Mary's College<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=River+of+Words&rft.pub=Saint+Mary%27s+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stmarys-ca.edu%2Fcenter-for-environmental-literacy%2Friver-of-words&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Poet+Laureate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/poetry/about_laureate.html">"About the Position of Poet Laureate"</a>. Library of Congress. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Position+of+Poet+Laureate&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fpoetry%2Fabout_laureate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Poet+Laureate" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/poetry/laureate.html">"Poet Laureate Timeline: 1953 – 1960"</a>. Library of Congress. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poet+Laureate+Timeline%3A+1953+%E2%80%93+1960&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fpoetry%2Flaureate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Poet+Laureate" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/legal/">public domain material</a> from websites or documents of the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Poet_Laureate&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.loc.gov/catbird/2012/02/what-do-poets-laureate-do/">"What Do Poets Laureate Do?"</a> Library of Congress blog post</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/poetry/">Poetry webpage</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?ie=UTF8&hl=en&msa=0&msid=102258961270943761178.000436b9a55bfd6ff9897&z=3">Map: US Poets Laureate / Consultants in Poetry (location at time of appointment)</a></li> <li>Readings by U.S. Poets Laureate at the Key West Literary Seminar: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kwls.org/lit/kwls_blog/2009/05/richard_wilbur_2003.cfm">Richard Wilbur (2003)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kwls.org/lit/kwls_blog/2009/03/richard_wilburs_elizabeth_bish.cfm">(1993)</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090316051535/http://www.kwls.org/lit/kwls_blog/2008/04/charles_simic_2003.cfm">Charles Simic (2003)</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kwls.org/lit/kwls_blog/2009/03/billy_collins_2003_1.cfm">Billy Collins (2003)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Auslander" title="Joseph Auslander">Joseph Auslander</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allen_Tate" title="Allen Tate">Allen Tate</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bogan" title="Louise Bogan">Louise Bogan</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Shapiro" title="Karl Shapiro">Karl Shapiro</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lowell" title="Robert Lowell">Robert Lowell</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onie_Adams" title="Léonie Adams">Léonie Adams</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bishop" title="Elizabeth Bishop">Elizabeth Bishop</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Aiken" title="Conrad Aiken">Conrad Aiken</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams" title="William Carlos Williams">William Carlos Williams</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Randall_Jarrell" title="Randall Jarrell">Randall Jarrell</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Frost" title="Robert Frost">Robert Frost</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Eberhart" title="Richard Eberhart">Richard Eberhart</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Untermeyer" title="Louis Untermeyer">Louis Untermeyer</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Nemerov" title="Howard Nemerov">Howard Nemerov</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reed_Whittemore" title="Reed Whittemore">Reed Whittemore</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Spender" title="Stephen Spender">Stephen Spender</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Dickey" title="James Dickey">James Dickey</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Jay_Smith" title="William Jay Smith">William Jay Smith</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Stafford_(poet)" title="William Stafford (poet)">William Stafford</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Jacobsen" title="Josephine Jacobsen">Josephine Jacobsen</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hoffman" title="Daniel Hoffman">Daniel Hoffman</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kunitz" title="Stanley Kunitz">Stanley Kunitz</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hayden" title="Robert Hayden">Robert Hayden</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Morris_Meredith_Jr." title="William Morris Meredith Jr.">William Meredith</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maxine_Kumin" title="Maxine Kumin">Maxine Kumin</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hecht" title="Anthony Hecht">Anthony Hecht</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reed_Whittemore" title="Reed Whittemore">Reed Whittemore</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fitzgerald" title="Robert Fitzgerald">Robert Fitzgerald</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wilbur" title="Richard Wilbur">Richard Wilbur</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Nemerov" title="Howard Nemerov">Howard Nemerov</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Strand" title="Mark Strand">Mark Strand</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mona_Van_Duyn" title="Mona Van Duyn">Mona Van Duyn</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hass" title="Robert Hass">Robert Hass</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Pinsky" title="Robert Pinsky">Robert Pinsky</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a> & <a href="/wiki/W._S._Merwin" title="W. S. Merwin">W. S. Merwin</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kunitz" title="Stanley Kunitz">Stanley Kunitz</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Collins" title="Billy Collins">Billy Collins</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kooser" title="Ted Kooser">Ted Kooser</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Hall" title="Donald Hall">Donald Hall</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Simic" title="Charles Simic">Charles Simic</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kay_Ryan" title="Kay Ryan">Kay Ryan</a> (2008–2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/W._S._Merwin" title="W. S. Merwin">W. S. Merwin</a> (2010–2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Levine_(poet)" title="Philip Levine (poet)">Philip Levine</a> (2011–2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Natasha_Trethewey" title="Natasha Trethewey">Natasha Trethewey</a> (2012–2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wright_(poet)" title="Charles Wright (poet)">Charles Wright</a> (2014–2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Felipe_Herrera" title="Juan Felipe Herrera">Juan Felipe Herrera</a> (2015–2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tracy_K._Smith" title="Tracy K. Smith">Tracy K. Smith</a> (2017–2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joy_Harjo" title="Joy Harjo">Joy Harjo</a> (2019–2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ada_Lim%C3%B3n" title="Ada Limón">Ada Limón</a> (2022-present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Poets_Laureate_and_National_Poets216" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Global_Poets_Laureate" title="Template:Global Poets Laureate"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Global_Poets_Laureate" title="Template talk:Global Poets Laureate"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Global_Poets_Laureate" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Global Poets Laureate"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Poets_Laureate_and_National_Poets216" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Poet_laureate" title="Poet laureate">Poets Laureate</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_poet" title="National poet">National Poets</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Parliamentary_Poet_Laureate" title="Canadian Parliamentary Poet Laureate">Canada</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dichter_der_Nederlanden" title="Dichter der Nederlanden">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Poet_Laureate" title="New Zealand Poet Laureate">New Zealand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saoi" title="Saoi">Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Makar_(National_Poet_for_Scotland)" title="Makar (National Poet for Scotland)">Scotland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Poet_of_Wales" title="National Poet of Wales">Wales</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states%27_poets_laureate" title="List of U.S. states' poets laureate">U.S. States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Alabama" title="Poet Laureate of Alabama">Alabama </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Alaska" title="Poet Laureate of Alaska">Alaska </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/California_Poet_Laureate" title="California Poet Laureate">California </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Arkansas">Arkansas </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Colorado">Colorado </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Connecticut">Connecticut </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Delaware">Delaware </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Florida">Florida </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Poet Laureate of Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Hawaii">Hawaii </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Idaho">Idaho </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Illinois">Illinois </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indiana_State_Poet_Laureate" title="Indiana State Poet Laureate">Indiana </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Iowa">Iowa </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Kansas">Kansas </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Kentucky" title="Poet Laureate of Kentucky">Kentucky </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Maine">Maine </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Maryland">Maryland </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Michigan">Michigan </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Minnesota">Minnesota </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Mississippi">Mississippi </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Missouri">Missouri </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Montana">Montana </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Nebraska">Nebraska </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Nevada">Nevada </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of New Hampshire">New Hampshire </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_New_Jersey" title="Poet Laureate of New Jersey">New Jersey </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of North Dakota">North Dakota </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Ohio">Ohio </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Oklahoma">Oklahoma </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Rhode Island">Rhode Island </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Poet_Laureate" title="South Carolina Poet Laureate">South Carolina </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of South Dakota">South Dakota </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Tennessee">Tennessee </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Texas">Texas </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Utah">Utah </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Vermont" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Vermont">Vermont </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Virginia" title="Poet Laureate of Virginia">Virginia </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of West Virginia">West Virginia </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Washington" title="Poet Laureate of Washington">Washington </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Wisconsin">Wisconsin </a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poets_Laureate_of_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="Poets Laureate of Wyoming">Wyoming </a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_Provincial_Poets_Laureate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian Provincial Poets Laureate">Canadian Provincial Poets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Ontario" title="Poet Laureate of Ontario">Ontario</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipal Poets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Poet Laureate of the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Poet Laureate of Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Philadelphia" title="Poet Laureate of Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Toronto" title="Poet Laureate of Toronto">Toronto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_poets_laureate_in_California" title="List of municipal poets laureate in California">Municipalities in California</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_poets_laureate_in_New_Mexico" title="List of municipal poets laureate in New Mexico">Municipalities in New Mexico</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_poets_laureate_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipal poets laureate in Massachusetts">Municipalities in Massachusetts</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Congress547" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Congress" title="Template:United States Congress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Congress" title="Template talk:United States Congress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Congress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Congress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Congress547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress">Joint session</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a> → <a href="/wiki/119th_United_States_Congress" title="119th United States Congress">119th</a> → <a href="/wiki/120th_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="120th United States Congress">120th</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_Congress" title="Lists of United States Congress">Lists of United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Members_and_leaders547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_congress" title="Member of congress">Members and leaders</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_longevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service">By length of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_brevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by brevity of service">By shortness of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_youngest_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of youngest members of the United States Congress">Youngest members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-voting_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives">Non-voting members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unseated_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Unseated members of the United States Congress">Unseated members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Dean of the United States Senate">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_senators" title="List of former United States senators">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_expelled_or_censured" title="List of United States senators expelled or censured">Expelled or censured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_born_outside_the_United_States" title="List of United States senators born outside the United States">Born outside the U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resignation_from_the_United_States_Senate" title="Resignation from the United States Senate">Resigned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_appointed_United_States_senators" title="List of appointed United States senators">Appointed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States senators who switched parties">Switched parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">Members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Seniority in the United States House of Representatives">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Dean of the United States House of Representatives">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of former members of the United States House of Representatives">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_expelled,_censured,_or_reprimanded" title="List of United States representatives expelled, censured, or reprimanded">Expelled, censured, and reprimanded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_served_a_single_term" title="List of members of the United States House of Representatives who served a single term">Served a single term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_lost_re-election_in_a_primary" title="List of members of the United States House of Representatives who lost re-election in a primary">Lost re-election in a primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States representatives who switched parties">Switched parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members-elect_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_never_took_their_seats" title="List of members-elect of the United States House of Representatives who never took their seats">Elected but did not serve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_90th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 90th United States Congress">90th (1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_91st_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 91st United States Congress">91st (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_92nd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 92nd United States Congress">92nd (1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_93rd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 93rd United States Congress">93rd (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_94th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 94th United States Congress">94th (1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_95th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 95th United States Congress">95th (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_96th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 96th United States Congress">96th (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_97th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 97th United States Congress">97th (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_98th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 98th United States Congress">98th (1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_99th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 99th United States Congress">99th (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_100th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 100th United States Congress">100th (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_101st_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 101st United States Congress">101st (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_102nd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 102nd United States Congress">102nd (1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_103rd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 103rd United States Congress">103rd (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_104th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 104th United States Congress">104th (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_105th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 105th United States Congress">105th (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_106th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 106th United States Congress">106th (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_107th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 107th United States Congress">107th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_108th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 108th United States Congress">108th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_109th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 109th United States Congress">109th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_110th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 110th United States Congress">110th (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_111th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 111th United States Congress">111th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_112th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 112th United States Congress">112th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_113th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 113th United States Congress">113th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_114th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 114th United States Congress">114th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_115th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 115th United States Congress">115th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_116th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 116th United States Congress">116th (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_117th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 117th United States Congress">117th (2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_118th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 118th United States Congress">118th (2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_119th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 119th United States Congress">119th (2025)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="List of presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus#Chairs" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus#Caucus_secretary" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Policy Committee">Policy Committee Chair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Republican Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference#List_of_conference_chairmen_and_chairwomen" title="Senate Republican Conference">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference#List_of_Secretary_and_Vice_Chairman" title="Senate Republican Conference">Vice-Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee Chair</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Legal_Advisory_Group" title="Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group">Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Republican Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_districts" title="List of United States congressional districts">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_apportionment" title="United States congressional apportionment">Apportionment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrymandering#United_States" title="Gerrymandering">Gerrymandering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congressional_caucus" title="Congressional caucus">Congressional caucus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucuses_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Caucuses of the United States Congress">Caucuses of the United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic and racial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="African Americans in the United States Congress">African-American members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_senators" title="List of African-American United States senators">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives" title="List of African-American United States representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Black Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arab_and_Middle_Eastern_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Arab and Middle Eastern Americans in the United States Congress">Arab and Middle Eastern members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_Americans_and_Pacific_Islands_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress">Asian Pacific American members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Asian_Pacific_American_Caucus" title="Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus">Asian Pacific American Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">Hispanic and Latino members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Caucus" title="Congressional Hispanic Caucus">Hispanic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Hispanic Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">Jewish members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Jewish_Caucus" title="Congressional Jewish Caucus">Congressional Jewish Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Native Americans in the United States Congress">Native American members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gender and sexual identity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT members of the United States Congress">LGBT members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Equality_Caucus" title="Congressional Equality Caucus">Equality Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li>Women <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Women in the United States Senate">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Caucus_for_Women%27s_Issues" title="Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues">Issues Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives#Current_female_members" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">current House</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Physicians_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Physicians in the United States Congress">Physicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Buddhist_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Buddhist members of the United States Congress">Buddhist members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hindu members of the United States Congress">Hindu members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">Jewish members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mormon_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Mormon members of the United States Congress">Mormon (LDS) members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muslim_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Muslim members of the United States Congress">Muslim members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quaker_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Quaker members of the United States Congress">Quaker members</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dalip_Singh_Saund" title="Dalip Singh Saund">Sikh members</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_longest-serving_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of historical longest-serving members of the United States Congress">By length of service historically</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_wealth" title="List of current members of the United States Congress by wealth">Current members by wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_from_multiple_states" title="List of members of the United States Congress from multiple states">From multiple states</a></li> <li>Died in office <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1790%E2%80%931899)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)">1790–1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1900%E2%80%931949)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–1949)">1900–1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1950%E2%80%931999)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1950–1999)">1950–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(2000%E2%80%93)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (2000–)">2000–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_killed_or_wounded_in_office" title="List of United States Congress members killed or wounded in office">Killed or wounded in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_party_switchers_in_the_United_States" title="List of party switchers in the United States">Party switchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_who_owned_slaves" title="List of members of the United States Congress who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Powers,_privileges,_procedure,_committees,_history,_media547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_Clause" title="Copyright Clause">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Clause" title="Commerce Clause">Commerce</a> <a href="/wiki/Dormant_Commerce_Clause" title="Dormant Commerce Clause">(Dormant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_Congress" title="Contempt of Congress">Contempt of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_war_by_the_United_States" title="Declaration of war by the United States">Declaration of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">Inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">Trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_nationality_law" title="United States nationality law">Naturalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necessary_and_Proper_Clause" title="Necessary and Proper Clause">"Necessary and Proper"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_power_of_enforcement" title="Congressional power of enforcement">Power of enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxing_and_Spending_Clause" title="Taxing and Spending Clause">Taxing/spending</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Privileges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salaries_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Salaries of members of the United States Congress">Salaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franking" title="Franking">Franking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech_or_Debate_Clause" title="Speech or Debate Clause">Immunity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">Act of Congress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_legislation" title="List of United States federal legislation">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appropriations_bill_(United_States)" title="Appropriations bill (United States)">Appropriation bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_(United_States_Congress)" title="Bill (United States Congress)">Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_budget_process" title="United States budget process">Budget process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censure_in_the_United_States" title="Censure in the United States">Censure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Closed session of the United States Congress">Closed sessions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closed_sessions_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Closed sessions of the United States House of Representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_sessions_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Closed sessions of the United States Senate">Senate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">Cloture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_resolution" title="Concurrent resolution">Concurrent resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_resolution" title="Continuing resolution">Continuing resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Colleague_letter_(United_States)" title="Dear Colleague letter (United States)">Dear Colleague letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">Discharge petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrolled_bill" title="Enrolled bill">Enrolled bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_States_Congress" title="Expulsion from the United States Congress">Expulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_resolution" title="Joint resolution">Joint resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress">Joint session</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_joint_sessions_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of joint sessions of the United States Congress">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lame-duck_session" title="Lame-duck session">Lame-duck session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_minute" title="Magic minute">Magic minute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastert_Rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Hastert Rule">Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_referral" title="Multiple referral">Multiple referral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedures_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Procedures of the United States House of Representatives">House procedures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quorum_call" title="Quorum call">Quorum call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_(United_States_Congress)" title="Reconciliation (United States Congress)">Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rider_(legislation)" title="Rider (legislation)">Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxbe_fix" title="Saxbe fix">Saxbe fix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponsor_(legislative)" title="Sponsor (legislative)">Sponsorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_rules_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Suspension of the rules in the United States Congress">Suspension of the rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">Unanimous consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">Veto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Line-item_veto" title="Line-item veto">Line-item veto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_veto" title="Pocket veto">Pocket veto</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate-specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">Advice and consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_slip_(U.S._Senate)" title="Blue slip (U.S. Senate)">Blue slip (U.S. Senate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_communication" title="Executive communication">Executive communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_session" title="Executive session">Executive session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate">Filibuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Manual" title="Jefferson's Manual">Jefferson's <i>Manual</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Journal" title="United States Senate Journal"><i>Senate Journal</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_business" title="Morning business">Morning business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_option" title="Nuclear option">Nuclear option</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presiding_Officer_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Presiding Officer of the United States Senate">Presiding Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">Recess appointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_(United_States_Congress)" title="Reconciliation (United States Congress)">Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddick%27s_Senate_Procedure" title="Riddick's Senate Procedure">Riddick's Senate Procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_hold" title="Senate hold">Senate hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senatorial_courtesy" title="Senatorial courtesy">Senatorial courtesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">Seniority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Rules_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Standing Rules of the United States Senate">Standing Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tie-breaking_votes_cast_by_the_vice_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States">Tie-breaking votes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Traditions of the United States Senate">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_Clause" title="Treaty Clause">Treaty Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_committee" title="United States congressional committee">Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking member</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_the_Whole_(United_States_House_of_Representatives)" title="Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives)">Of the Whole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_conference_committee" title="United States congressional conference committee">Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">Discharge petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_hearing" title="United States congressional hearing">Hearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markup_(legislation)" title="Markup (legislation)">Markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_oversight" title="Congressional oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_joint_committees" title="List of United States congressional joint committees">List (Joint)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of United States House of Representatives committees">List (House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senate_committees" title="List of United States Senate committees">List (Senate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Select_or_special_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Select or special committee (United States Congress)">Select and special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Standing committee (United States Congress)">Standing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_subcommittee" title="United States congressional subcommittee">Subcommittees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gavel#United_States_Congress_gavels" title="Gavel">Gavels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mace_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Mace of the United States House of Representatives">Mace of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of the United States Senate">Seal of the Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="History of the United States Congress">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="History of the United States House of Representatives">House history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._representative_bibliography_(congressional_memoirs)" title="U.S. representative bibliography (congressional memoirs)">memoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="List of Speaker of the United States House of Representatives elections">speaker elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="History of the United States Senate">Senate history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senate_election_disputes" title="List of United States Senate election disputes">election disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._senator_bibliography_(congressional_memoirs)" title="U.S. senator bibliography (congressional memoirs)">memoirs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Hall" title="Federal Hall">Federal Hall (1789–1790)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Hall" title="Congress Hall">Congress Hall (1790–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Brick_Capitol" title="Old Brick Capitol">Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress"><i>Biographical Directory</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divided_government_in_the_United_States" title="Divided government in the United States">Divided government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_divisions_of_United_States_Congresses" title="Party divisions of United States Congresses">Party divisions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Quarterly" title="Congressional Quarterly">Congressional Quarterly</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roll_Call" title="Roll Call">Roll Call</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Capitol_Complex_(Capitol_Hill)547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Complex" title="United States Capitol Complex">Capitol Complex</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_staff" title="Congressional staff">Congressional staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Gov. Accountability Office (GAO)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_General_of_the_United_States" title="Comptroller General of the United States">Comptroller General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architect_of_the_Capitol" title="Architect of the Capitol">Architect of the Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Cap. Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Police_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Police Board">Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Guide_Service" title="United States Capitol Guide Service">Cap. Guide Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congr. Budget Office (CBO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Workplace_Rights" title="Office of Congressional Workplace Rights">Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Gov. Publishing Office (GPO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Technology_Assessment" title="Office of Technology Assessment">Technology Assessment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curator_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Curator of the United States Senate">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Historian of the United States Senate">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Library" title="United States Senate Library">Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Ethics" title="Office of Congressional Ethics">Congr. Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Office_of_Emergency_Planning,_Preparedness,_and_Operations" title="United States House of Representatives Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations">Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Office_of_Interparliamentary_Affairs" title="United States House of Representatives Office of Interparliamentary Affairs">Interparliamentary Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Law_Revision_Counsel" title="Office of the Law Revision Counsel">Law Revision Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Legislative_Counsel" title="Office of the Legislative Counsel">Legislative Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Library" title="United States House of Representatives Library">Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Employees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Secretary of the United States Senate">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Chaplain of the United States Senate">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curator_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Curator of the United States Senate">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Historian of the United States Senate">Historian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Librarian" title="United States Senate Librarian">Librarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Page of the United States Senate">Pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentarian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Parliamentarian of the United States Senate">Parliamentarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate">Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Administrative_Officer_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chief Administrative Officer of the United States House of Representatives">Chief Administrative Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doorkeeper_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives">Doorkeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Floor_Operations" title="Director of Floor Operations">Floor Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_Services_Chief" title="Floor Services Chief">Floor Services Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Historian of the United States House of Representatives">Historian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Page of the United States House of Representatives">Pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Page_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="House Page Board">Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentarian_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives">Parliamentarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmaster_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives">Postmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Reading Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives">Sergeant at Arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of<br />Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Research Service reports">reports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">Copyright Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Register_of_Copyrights" title="Register of Copyrights">Register of Copyrights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Library_of_Congress" title="Law Library of Congress">Law Library</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poet Laureate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THOMAS" title="THOMAS">THOMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Building" title="John Adams Building">Adams Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Building" title="Thomas Jefferson Building">Jefferson Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Memorial_Building" title="James Madison Memorial Building">Madison Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Gov.<br />Publishing Office</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Printer_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Printer of the United States">Public Printer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Pictorial_Directory" title="Congressional Pictorial Directory">Congressional Pictorial Directory</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Record" title="Congressional Record">Congressional Record</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Official_Congressional_Directory" title="Official Congressional Directory">Official Congressional Directory</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Manual" title="United States Government Manual">U.S. Gov. 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