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id="toc-Implementation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implementation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Implementation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Implementation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Operation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indictees_and_accomplishments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indictees_and_accomplishments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Indictees and accomplishments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indictees_and_accomplishments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Closure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Closure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Closure </div> </a> <ul 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id="toc-Judges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Judges </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Registry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Registry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Registry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Registry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Detention_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Detention_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Detention facilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Detention_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Controversies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" > 55 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A9" title="المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ليوغوسلافيا السابقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ليوغوسلافيا السابقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ke%C3%A7mi%C5%9F_Yuqoslaviya_Beyn%C9%99lxalq_Cinay%C9%99t_Tribunal%C4%B1" title="Keçmiş Yuqoslaviya Beynəlxalq Cinayət Tribunalı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Keçmiş Yuqoslaviya Beynəlxalq Cinayət Tribunalı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%96" title="Міжнародны трыбунал па былой Югаславіі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міжнародны трыбунал па былой Югаславіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%96" title="Міжнародны трыбунал па былой Югаславіі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Міжнародны трыбунал па былой Югаславіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Международен наказателен трибунал за бивша Югославия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Международен наказателен трибунал за бивша Югославия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_krivi%C4%8Dni_sud_za_biv%C5%A1u_Jugoslaviju" title="Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_Penal_Internacional_per_a_l%27antiga_Iugosl%C3%A0via" title="Tribunal Penal Internacional per a l'antiga Iugoslàvia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tribunal Penal Internacional per a l'antiga Iugoslàvia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_trestn%C3%AD_tribun%C3%A1l_pro_b%C3%BDvalou_Jugosl%C3%A1vii" title="Mezinárodní trestní tribunál pro bývalou Jugoslávii – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mezinárodní trestní tribunál pro bývalou Jugoslávii" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_internationale_tribunal_til_p%C3%A5d%C3%B8mmelse_af_krigsforbrydelser_i_det_tidligere_Jugoslavien" title="Det internationale tribunal til pådømmelse af krigsforbrydelser i det tidligere Jugoslavien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det internationale tribunal til pådømmelse af krigsforbrydelser i det tidligere Jugoslavien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationaler_Strafgerichtshof_f%C3%BCr_das_ehemalige_Jugoslawien" title="Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das ehemalige Jugoslawien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internationaler Strafgerichtshof für das ehemalige Jugoslawien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endise_Jugoslaavia_Rahvusvaheline_Kriminaaltribunal" title="Endise Jugoslaavia Rahvusvaheline Kriminaaltribunal – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Endise Jugoslaavia Rahvusvaheline Kriminaaltribunal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_Penal_Internacional_para_la_antigua_Yugoslavia" title="Tribunal Penal Internacional para la antigua Yugoslavia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tribunal Penal Internacional para la antigua Yugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internacia_Pun-Tribunalo_por_Eksa_Jugoslavio" title="Internacia Pun-Tribunalo por Eksa Jugoslavio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Internacia Pun-Tribunalo por Eksa Jugoslavio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82" title="دادگاه بین‌المللی کیفری یوگسلاوی سابق – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دادگاه بین‌المللی کیفری یوگسلاوی سابق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_p%C3%A9nal_international_pour_l%27ex-Yougoslavie" title="Tribunal pénal international pour l'ex-Yougoslavie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tribunal pénal international pour l'ex-Yougoslavie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Binse_Coiri%C3%BAil_Idirn%C3%A1isi%C3%BAnta_don_iar-I%C3%BAgslaiv" title="An Binse Coiriúil Idirnáisiúnta don iar-Iúgslaiv – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Binse Coiriúil Idirnáisiúnta don iar-Iúgslaiv" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_Penal_Internacional_para_a_exIugoslavia" title="Tribunal Penal Internacional para a exIugoslavia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tribunal Penal Internacional para a exIugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%9C%A0%EA%B3%A0%EC%8A%AC%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84_%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%ED%98%95%EC%82%AC%EC%9E%AC%ED%8C%90%EC%86%8C" title="구유고슬라비아 국제형사재판소 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구유고슬라비아 국제형사재판소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BE_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D6%84%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Նախկին Հարավսլավիայի հարցերով միջազգային քրեական տրիբունալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նախկին Հարավսլավիայի հարցերով միջազգային քրեական տրիբունալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_sud_za_ratne_zlo%C4%8Dine_po%C4%8Dinjene_na_podru%C4%8Dju_biv%C5%A1e_Jugoslavije" title="Međunarodni sud za ratne zločine počinjene na području bivše Jugoslavije – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Međunarodni sud za ratne zločine počinjene na području bivše Jugoslavije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internaciona_Tribunalo_Punisala_di_ex-Yugoslavia" title="Internaciona Tribunalo Punisala di ex-Yugoslavia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Internaciona Tribunalo Punisala di ex-Yugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidang_Pidana_Internasional_untuk_Bekas_Wilayah_Yugoslavia" title="Sidang Pidana Internasional untuk Bekas Wilayah Yugoslavia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sidang Pidana Internasional untuk Bekas Wilayah Yugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunale_penale_internazionale_per_l%27ex-Jugoslavia" title="Tribunale penale internazionale per l'ex-Jugoslavia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tribunale penale internazionale per l'ex-Jugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F-%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8" title="בית הדין הפלילי הבין-לאומי ליוגוסלביה לשעבר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית הדין הפלילי הבין-לאומי ליוגוסלביה לשעבר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1" title="სისხლის სამართლის საერთაშორისო ტრიბუნალი ყოფილი იუგოსლავიისთვის – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სისხლის სამართლის საერთაშორისო ტრიბუნალი ყოფილი იუგოსლავიისთვის" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_criminibus_investigandis_in_quondam_Iugoslavia_perpetratis" title="Tribunal criminibus investigandis in quondam Iugoslavia perpetratis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tribunal criminibus investigandis in quondam Iugoslavia perpetratis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starptautiskais_krimin%C4%81lnoziegumu_tribun%C4%81ls_biju%C5%A1ajai_Dienvidsl%C4%81vijai" title="Starptautiskais kriminālnoziegumu tribunāls bijušajai Dienvidslāvijai – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Starptautiskais kriminālnoziegumu tribunāls bijušajai Dienvidslāvijai" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemzetk%C3%B6zi_T%C3%B6rv%C3%A9nysz%C3%A9k_(Jugoszl%C3%A1via)" title="Nemzetközi Törvényszék (Jugoszlávia) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nemzetközi Törvényszék (Jugoszlávia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Меѓународен кривичен суд за поранешна Југославија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меѓународен кривичен суд за поранешна Југославија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%B8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94" title="ერეფოშქაშე ტრიბუნალი ჸოფილი იუგოსლავიაშ ოკითხეფშე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ერეფოშქაშე ტრიბუნალი ჸოფილი იუგოსლავიაშ ოკითხეფშე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_Jenayah_Antarabangsa_untuk_bekas_Yugoslavia" title="Tribunal Jenayah Antarabangsa untuk bekas Yugoslavia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tribunal Jenayah Antarabangsa untuk bekas Yugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joegoslavi%C3%ABtribunaal" title="Joegoslaviëtribunaal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joegoslaviëtribunaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E3%83%A6%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E6%88%A6%E7%8A%AF%E6%B3%95%E5%BB%B7" title="旧ユーゴスラビア国際戦犯法廷 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="旧ユーゴスラビア国際戦犯法廷" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_internasjonale_krigsforbrytertribunalet_for_det_tidligere_Jugoslavia" title="Det internasjonale krigsforbrytertribunalet for det tidligere Jugoslavia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det internasjonale krigsforbrytertribunalet for det tidligere Jugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_internasjonale_krigsforbrytartribunalet_for_det_tidlegare_Jugoslavia" title="Det internasjonale krigsforbrytartribunalet for det tidlegare Jugoslavia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Det internasjonale krigsforbrytartribunalet for det tidlegare Jugoslavia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobiq_Yugoslaviya_bo%CA%BByicha_Xalqaro_tribunal" title="Sobiq Yugoslaviya boʻyicha Xalqaro tribunal – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sobiq Yugoslaviya boʻyicha Xalqaro tribunal" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8D_%D9%8A%D9%88%DA%AB%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%87" title="د پخوانۍ يوګوسلاويا جزايي بين المللي محکمه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د پخوانۍ يوګوسلاويا جزايي بين المللي محکمه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%99dzynarodowy_Trybuna%C5%82_Karny_dla_by%C5%82ej_Jugos%C5%82awii" title="Międzynarodowy Trybunał Karny dla byłej Jugosławii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Międzynarodowy Trybunał Karny dla byłej Jugosławii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_Penal_Internacional_para_a_ex-Jugosl%C3%A1via" title="Tribunal Penal Internacional para a ex-Jugoslávia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tribunal Penal Internacional para a ex-Jugoslávia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunalul_Penal_Interna%C8%9Bional_pentru_fosta_Iugoslavie" title="Tribunalul Penal Internațional pentru fosta Iugoslavie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tribunalul Penal Internațional pentru fosta Iugoslavie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Международный трибунал по бывшей Югославии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Международный трибунал по бывшей Югославии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjykata_e_Hag%C3%ABs_p%C3%ABr_ish_Jugosllavin%C3%AB" title="Gjykata e Hagës për ish Jugosllavinë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjykata e Hagës për ish Jugosllavinë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B3%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A0%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පූර්ව යුගෝස්ලාවියාව සඳහා ජාත්‍යන්තර අපරාධ විනිශ්චය සභාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පූර්ව යුගෝස්ලාවියාව සඳහා ජාත්‍යන්තර අපරාධ විනිශ්චය සභාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%BD_trestn%C3%BD_tribun%C3%A1l_pre_b%C3%BDval%C3%BA_Juhosl%C3%A1viu" title="Medzinárodný trestný tribunál pre bývalú Juhosláviu – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Medzinárodný trestný tribunál pre bývalú Juhosláviu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mednarodno_sodi%C5%A1%C4%8De_za_vojne_zlo%C4%8Dine_na_obmo%C4%8Dju_nekdanje_Jugoslavije" title="Mednarodno sodišče za vojne zločine na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mednarodno sodišče za vojne zločine na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Хашки трибунал – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хашки трибунал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_krivi%C4%8Dni_sud_za_biv%C5%A1u_Jugoslaviju" title="Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jugoslavia-tuomioistuin" title="Jugoslavia-tuomioistuin – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jugoslavia-tuomioistuin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationella_krigsf%C3%B6rbrytartribunalen_f%C3%B6r_det_forna_Jugoslavien" title="Internationella krigsförbrytartribunalen för det forna Jugoslavien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Internationella krigsförbrytartribunalen för det forna Jugoslavien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="คณะตุลาการอาญาระหว่างประเทศสำหรับอดีตยูโกสลาเวีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คณะตุลาการอาญาระหว่างประเทศสำหรับอดีตยูโกสลาเวีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eski_Yugoslavya_Uluslararas%C4%B1_Ceza_Mahkemesi" title="Eski Yugoslavya Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eski 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font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding articles in <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_krivi%C4%8Dni_sud_za_biv%C5%A1u_Jugoslaviju" class="extiw" title="bs:Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju">Bosnian</a>, <a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB" class="extiw" title="sr:Хашки трибунал">Serbian</a> and <a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_sud_za_ratne_zlo%C4%8Dine_po%C4%8Dinjene_na_podru%C4%8Dju_biv%C5%A1e_Jugoslavije" class="extiw" title="hr:Međunarodni sud za ratne zločine počinjene na području bivše Jugoslavije">Croatian</a>. 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A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia article at [[:sh:Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|sh|Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="Talk:International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #Ededed;">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/File:ICTY_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/ICTY_logo.svg/220px-ICTY_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/ICTY_logo.svg/330px-ICTY_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/ICTY_logo.svg/440px-ICTY_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Logo of the Tribunal</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #aaa;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-lat="52.0944" data-lon="4.2843" data-overlays="["_50d8cb445d6c02981f665e349218ff22dc2b2a4f"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/13/52.0944/4.2843/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,52.0944,4.2843,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&revid=1259669187&groups=_50d8cb445d6c02981f665e349218ff22dc2b2a4f" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,52.0944,4.2843,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&revid=1259669187&groups=_50d8cb445d6c02981f665e349218ff22dc2b2a4f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&params=52.0944_N_4.2843_E_type:landmark">52°05′40″N 4°17′03″E / 52.0944°N 4.2843°E / 52.0944; 4.2843</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">25 May 1993</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissolved</th><td class="infobox-data">31 December 2017</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&params=52.0944_N_4.2843_E_">52°05′40″N 4°17′03″E / 52.0944°N 4.2843°E / 52.0944; 4.2843</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authorised by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_827" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 827">United Nations Security Council Resolution 827</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judge term length</th><td class="infobox-data">Four years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of positions</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Courts and Tribunals</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">Nuremberg trials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Violations</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crimes</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Treaties</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Geneva_Convention" title="Third Geneva Convention">Third Geneva Convention</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth Geneva Convention</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_I" title="Protocol I">Protocol I</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_II" title="Protocol II">Protocol II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_III" title="Protocol III">Protocol III</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Related areas of law</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_war" title="Law of war">Law of war</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jus_ad_bellum" title="Jus ad bellum">jus ad bellum</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/International_human_rights_law" title="International human rights law">International human rights law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">International criminal law</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jus_in_bello" title="Template:Jus in bello"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jus_in_bello" title="Template talk:Jus in bello"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jus_in_bello" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jus in bello"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)<a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a> was a body of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> that was established to prosecute the <a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the Yugoslav Wars">war crimes that had been committed</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> and to try their perpetrators. The tribunal was an <a href="/wiki/Ad_hoc" title="Ad hoc">ad hoc</a> court located in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. It was established by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_827" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 827">Resolution 827</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a>, which was passed on 25 May 1993. It had <a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">jurisdiction</a> over four clusters of crimes committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991: grave breaches of the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a>, violations of the <a href="/wiki/Laws_or_customs_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws or customs of war">laws or customs of war</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>. The maximum sentence that it could impose was <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a>. Various countries signed agreements with the United Nations to carry out <a href="/wiki/Custodial_sentence" title="Custodial sentence">custodial sentences</a>. A total of 161 persons were indicted; the final indictments were issued in December 2004, the last of which were confirmed and unsealed in the spring of 2005.<a href="#cite_note-OTP_history-2">[1]</a> The final fugitive, <a href="/wiki/Goran_Had%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Goran Hadžić">Goran Hadžić</a>, was arrested on 20 July 2011.<a href="#cite_note-aljaz-3">[2]</a> The final judgment was issued on 29 November 2017<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> and the institution formally ceased to exist on 31 December 2017.<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> Residual functions of the ICTY, including the oversight of sentences and consideration of any appeal proceedings initiated since 1 July 2013, are under the jurisdiction of a successor body, the <a href="/wiki/International_Residual_Mechanism_for_Criminal_Tribunals" title="International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals">International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals</a> (IRMCT).<a href="#cite_note-UNSC_Resolution_1966-6">[5]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation">Creation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Creation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf/page1-220px-UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf/page1-330px-UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf/page1-440px-UN_Secretary-General_Report_S25704.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="1754" /></a><figcaption>Report S/25704 of the UN Secretary-General, including the proposed Statute of the International Tribunal, approved by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_827" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 827">UN Security Council Resolution 827</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_808" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 808">United Nations Security Council Resolution 808</a> of 22 February 1993 decided that an "international tribunal shall be established for the prosecution of persons responsible for serious violations of <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a> committed in the territory of the former <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> since 1991", and called on the Secretary-General to "submit for consideration by the Council ... a report on all aspects of this matter, including specific proposals and where appropriate options ... taking into account suggestions put forward in this regard by Member States".<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> The court was originally proposed by German Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Kinkel" title="Klaus Kinkel">Klaus Kinkel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_827" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 827">Resolution 827</a> of 25 May 1993 approved the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/file/Legal%20Library/Statute/statute_re808_1993_en.pdf">S/25704 report</a> of the secretary-general and adopted the Statute of the International Tribunal annexed to it, formally creating the ICTY. It was to have jurisdiction over four clusters of crimes committed on the territory of the former <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a> since 1991: <ol><li>Grave breaches of the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li>Violations of the <a href="/wiki/Laws_or_customs_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws or customs of war">laws or customs of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_against_humanity" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime against humanity">Crime against humanity</a>.</li></ol> The maximum sentence the ICTY could impose for these crimes was <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Implementation">Implementation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Implementation">edit</a>]</div> In 1993 the internal infrastructure of the ICTY was built. 17 states had signed an agreement with the ICTY to carry out custodial sentences.<a href="#cite_note-Enforcement_of_Sentences-9">[8]</a> 1993–1994: In the first year of its existence, the tribunal laid the foundations for its existence as a judicial organ. It established the legal framework for its operations by adopting the rules of procedure and evidence, as well as its rules of detention and directive for the assignment of defence counsel. Together, these rules established a legal aid system for the tribunal. As the ICTY was a part of the United Nations and was the first international court for criminal justice, the development of a juridical infrastructure was considered quite a challenge. However, after the first year, the first ICTY judges had drafted and adopted all the rules for court proceedings.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> 1994–1995: The ICTY established its offices within the Aegon Insurance Building in The Hague (which was, at the time, still partially in use by Aegon)<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> and detention facilities in <a href="/wiki/Scheveningen" title="Scheveningen">Scheveningen</a> in The Hague (the Netherlands). The ICTY hired many staff members and by July 1994, the Office of the Prosecutor had sufficient staff to begin field investigations. By November 1994, the first indictments were presented to the court and confirmed, and in 1995, the staff numbered over 200 persons from all over the world. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation">Operation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Operation">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICTY.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/ICTY.JPG/250px-ICTY.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/ICTY.JPG/375px-ICTY.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/ICTY.JPG/500px-ICTY.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1806" /></a><figcaption>The Tribunal building in The Hague</figcaption></figure> In 1994 the first indictment was issued against the Bosnian-Serb concentration camp commander <a href="/wiki/Dragan_Nikoli%C4%87_(commander)" title="Dragan Nikolić (commander)">Dragan Nikolić</a>. This was followed on 13 February 1995 by two indictments comprising 21 individuals which were issued against a group of 21 Bosnian-Serbs charged with committing atrocities against Muslim and Croat civilian prisoners. While the war in the former Yugoslavia was still raging, the ICTY prosecutors showed that an international court was viable. However, no accused was arrested.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> The court confirmed eight indictments against 46 individuals and issued arrest warrants. Bosnian Serb indictee <a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1ko_Tadi%C4%87" title="Duško Tadić">Duško Tadić</a> became the subject of the tribunal's first trial. Tadić was arrested by German police in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> in 1994 for his alleged actions in the Prijedor region in Bosnia-Herzegovina (especially his actions in the Omarska, Trnopolje and Keraterm detention camps). He made his first appearance before the ICTY Trial Chamber on 26 April 1995, and pleaded not guilty to all of the charges in the indictment.<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> 1995–1996: Between June 1995 and June 1996, 10 public indictments had been confirmed against a total of 33 individuals. Six of the newly indicted persons were transferred in the tribunal's detention unit. In addition to Duško Tadic, by June 1996 the tribunal had <a href="/wiki/Tihomir_Bla%C5%A1ki%C4%87" title="Tihomir Blaškić">Tihomir Blaškić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dra%C5%BEen_Erdemovi%C4%87" title="Dražen Erdemović">Dražen Erdemović</a>, Zejnil Delalić,<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> Zdravko Mucić,<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/Esad_Land%C5%BEo" title="Esad Landžo">Esad Landžo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hazim_Deli%C4%87" title="Hazim Delić">Hazim Delić</a> in custody. Erdemović became the first person to enter a guilty plea before the tribunal's court. Between 1995 and 1996, the ICTY dealt with miscellaneous cases involving several detainees, which never reached the trial stage. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indictees_and_accomplishments">Indictees and accomplishments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Indictees and accomplishments">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_indicted_in_the_International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="List of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">List of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></div> The tribunal indicted 161 individuals between 1997 and 2004 and completed proceedings with them as follows:<a href="#cite_note-ICTY_website_Key_Figures-16">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-keyfig-17">[16]</a> <ul><li>111 had trials completed by the ICTY: <ul><li>21 were acquitted by the ICTY: <ul><li>18 acquittals have stood;</li> <li>1 was originally acquitted by the ICTY, but convicted on appeal by the IRMCT of one count (and sentenced to time served)</li> <li>2 were originally acquitted by the ICTY, but following a successful appeal by the prosecution the acquittals were overturned and a retrial is being conducted by the IRMCT; and</li></ul></li> <li>90 were convicted and sentenced by the ICTY: <ul><li>87 were transferred to 14 different states where they served their prison sentences, had sentences that amounted to time spent in detention during trial, or died after conviction: <ul><li>20 remain imprisoned;</li> <li>58 completed their sentences;</li> <li>9 died while completing their sentences or after conviction awaiting transfer</li></ul></li> <li>2 were convicted and sentenced, and remain in IRMCT detention awaiting transfer; and</li> <li>1 was convicted and sentenced, but has filed an appeal to the IRMCT that is being considered</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>13 had their cases transferred to courts in: <ul><li>Bosnia and Herzegovina (10);</li> <li>Croatia (2); and</li> <li>Serbia (1)</li></ul></li> <li>37 had their cases terminated prior to trial completion, because <ul><li>the indictments were withdrawn (20); or</li> <li>the indictees died before or after transfer to the Tribunal (17).</li></ul></li></ul> The indictees ranged from common soldiers to generals and police commanders all the way to prime ministers. <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a> was the first sitting head of state indicted for war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> Other "high level" indictees included <a href="/wiki/Milan_Babi%C4%87" title="Milan Babić">Milan Babić</a>, former president of the <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Republika Srpska Krajina">Republika Srpska Krajina</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ramush_Haradinaj" title="Ramush Haradinaj">Ramush Haradinaj</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kosovo" title="Prime Minister of Kosovo">Prime Minister of Kosovo</a>; <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Radovan Karadžić">Radovan Karadžić</a>, former <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Republika_Srpska" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Republika Srpska">President of the Republika Srpska</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a>, former Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Serb_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Serb Army">Bosnian Serb Army</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a> (acquitted), former General of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Army" title="Croatian Army">Croatian Army</a>. The very first hearing at the ICTY was a referral request in the Tadić case on 8 November 1994. Croat Serb General and former president of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Republic of Serbian Krajina</a> <a href="/wiki/Goran_Had%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Goran Hadžić">Goran Hadžić</a> was the last fugitive wanted by the tribunal to be arrested on 20 July 2011.<a href="#cite_note-aljaz-3">[2]</a> An additional 23 individuals have been the subject of <a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_court" title="Contempt of court">contempt proceedings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ICTY_website_Contempt_Cases-19">[18]</a> In 2004, the ICTY published a list of five accomplishments "in justice and law":<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> <ol><li>"Spearheading the shift from impunity to accountability", pointing out that, until very recently, it was the only court judging crimes committed as part of the Yugoslav conflict, since prosecutors in the former Yugoslavia were, as a rule, reluctant to prosecute such crimes;</li> <li>"Establishing the facts", highlighting the extensive evidence-gathering and lengthy findings of fact that tribunal judgments produced;</li> <li>"Bringing justice to thousands of victims and giving them a voice", pointing out the large number of witnesses that had been brought before the tribunal;</li> <li>"The accomplishments in international law", describing the fleshing out of several international criminal law concepts which had not been ruled on since the Nuremberg Trials;</li> <li>"Strengthening the Rule of Law", referring to the tribunal's role in promoting the use of international standards in war crimes prosecutions by former Yugoslav republics.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closure">Closure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Closure">edit</a>]</div> The United Nations Security Council passed resolutions <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1503" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1503">1503</a> in August 2003 and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1534" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1534">1534</a> in March 2004, which both called for the completion of all cases at both the ICTY and its sister tribunal, the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a> (ICTR) by 2010. In December 2010, the Security Council adopted <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1966" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1966">Resolution 1966</a>, which established the <a href="/wiki/International_Residual_Mechanism_for_Criminal_Tribunals" title="International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals">International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals</a> (IRMCT), a body intended to gradually assume residual functions from both the ICTY and the ICTR as they wound down their mandate. Resolution 1966 called upon the tribunal to finish its work by 31 December 2014 to prepare for its closure and the transfer of its responsibilities.<a href="#cite_note-UNSC_Resolution_1966-6">[5]</a> In a Completion Strategy Report issued in May 2011, the ICTY indicated that it aimed to complete all trials by the end of 2012 and complete all appeals by 2015, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Radovan Karadžić">Radovan Karadžić</a> whose trial was expected to end in 2014 and <a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Goran_Had%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Goran Hadžić">Goran Hadžić</a>, who were still at large at that time and were not arrested until later that year.<a href="#cite_note-ICTY_Completion_Strategy_Report-22">[21]</a> The IRMCT's ICTY branch began functioning on 1 July 2013. Per the Transitional Arrangements adopted by the UN Security Council, the ICTY was to conduct and complete all outstanding first-instance trials, including those of Karadžić, Mladić and Hadžić. The ICTY would also conduct and complete all appeal proceedings for which the notice of appeal against the judgement or sentence was filed before 1 July 2013. The IRMCT will handle any appeals for which notice is filed after that date. The final ICTY trial to be completed in the first instance was that of <a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a>, who was convicted on 22 November 2017.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> The final case to be considered by the ICTY was an appeal proceeding encompassing six individuals, whose sentences were upheld on 29 November 2017.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organization">edit</a>]</div> While operating, the tribunal employed around 900 staff.<a href="#cite_note-Employment_section_of_ICTY_website-25">[24]</a> Its organisational components were Chambers, Registry and the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP). <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg/220px-ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg/330px-ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg/440px-ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="917" /></a><figcaption>Lateral view of the building</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prosecutors">Prosecutors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Prosecutors">edit</a>]</div> The Prosecutor was responsible for investigating crimes, gathering evidence and prosecutions and was head of the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP).<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> The Prosecutor was appointed by the UN Security Council upon nomination by the UN secretary-general.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> The last prosecutor was <a href="/wiki/Serge_Brammertz" title="Serge Brammertz">Serge Brammertz</a>. Previous Prosecutors have been Ramón Escovar Salom of <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> (1993–1994), however, he never took up that office, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Goldstone" title="Richard Goldstone">Richard Goldstone</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> (1994–1996), <a href="/wiki/Louise_Arbour" title="Louise Arbour">Louise Arbour</a> of <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> (1996–1999), and <a href="/wiki/Carla_Del_Ponte" title="Carla Del Ponte">Carla Del Ponte</a> of <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (1999–2007). Richard Goldstone, Louise Arbour and Carla Del Ponte also simultaneously served as the Prosecutor of the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a> until 2003. Graham Blewitt of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> served as the Deputy Prosecutor from 1994 until 2004. <a href="/wiki/David_Tolbert" title="David Tolbert">David Tolbert</a>, the president of the <a href="/wiki/International_Center_for_Transitional_Justice" title="International Center for Transitional Justice">International Center for Transitional Justice</a>, was also appointed Deputy Prosecutor of the ICTY in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-The_Judges'_section_of_ICTY_website-28">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chambers">Chambers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Chambers">edit</a>]</div> Chambers encompassed the <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judges</a> and their aides. The tribunal operated three Trial Chambers and one Appeals Chamber. The president of the tribunal was also the presiding judge of the Appeals Chamber. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Judges">Judges</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Judges">edit</a>]</div> At the time of the court's dissolution, there were seven permanent judges and one ad hoc judge who served on the tribunal.<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Burton_Hall_appointment-30">[29]</a> A total of 86 judges have been appointed to the tribunal from 52 United Nations member states. Of those judges, 51 were permanent judges, 36 were ad litem judges, and one was an ad hoc judge. Note that one judge served as both a permanent and ad litem judge, and another served as both a permanent and ad hoc judge. UN member and observer states could each submit up to two nominees of different nationalities to the UN secretary-general.<a href="#cite_note-Updated_Statute_of_the_ICTY_Article-31">[30]</a> The UN secretary-general submitted this list to the UN Security Council which selected from 28 to 42 nominees and submitted these nominees to the UN General Assembly.<a href="#cite_note-Updated_Statute_of_the_ICTY_Article-31">[30]</a> The UN General Assembly then elected 14 judges from that list.<a href="#cite_note-Updated_Statute_of_the_ICTY_Article-31">[30]</a> Judges served for four years and were eligible for re-election. The UN secretary-general appointed replacements in case of vacancy for the remainder of the term of office concerned.<a href="#cite_note-Updated_Statute_of_the_ICTY_Article-31">[30]</a> On 21 October 2015, Judge <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmel_Agius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carmel Agius (page does not exist)">Carmel Agius</a> of <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> was elected president of the ICTY and Liu Daqun of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> was elected vice-president; they assumed their positions on 17 November 2015.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Agius's predecessors were <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cassese" title="Antonio Cassese">Antonio Cassese</a> of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (1993–1997), <a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Kirk_McDonald" title="Gabrielle Kirk McDonald">Gabrielle Kirk McDonald</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (1997–1999), <a href="/wiki/Claude_Jorda" title="Claude Jorda">Claude Jorda</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (1999–2002), <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Meron" title="Theodor Meron">Theodor Meron</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (2002–2005), <a href="/wiki/Fausto_Pocar" title="Fausto Pocar">Fausto Pocar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (2005–2008), <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lipton_Robinson" title="Patrick Lipton Robinson">Patrick Robinson</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> (2008–2011), and Theodor Meron (2011–2015).<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_judges-33">[32]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_judges-33">[32]</a> </th> <th>State<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_judges-33">[32]</a> </th> <th>Position(s)<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_judges-33">[32]</a> </th> <th>Term began<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_judges-33">[32]</a> </th> <th>Term ended<a href="#cite_note-Current_judges-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_judges-33">[32]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georges_Abi-Saab" title="Georges Abi-Saab">Georges Abi-Saab</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>1 October 1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koffi_Afande&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koffi Afande (page does not exist)">Koffi Afande</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>18 November 2013 </td> <td>30 June 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cassese" title="Antonio Cassese">Antonio Cassese</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>17 February 2000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jules_Desch%C3%AAnes" title="Jules Deschênes">Jules Deschênes</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>1 May 1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolphus_Karibi-Whyte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolphus Karibi-Whyte (page does not exist)">Adolphus Karibi-Whyte</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>16 November 1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germain_Le_Foyer_De_Costil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germain Le Foyer De Costil (page does not exist)">Germain Le Foyer De Costil</a> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germain_Le_Foyer_De_Costil" class="extiw" title="nl:Germain Le Foyer De Costil">nl</a>] </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>1 January 1994 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Li_Haopei" title="Li Haopei">Li Haopei</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>6 November 1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Kirk_McDonald" title="Gabrielle Kirk McDonald">Gabrielle McDonald</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>17 November 1999 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Odio_Benito" title="Elizabeth Odio Benito">Elizabeth Odio Benito</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>16 November 1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rustam_S._Sidhwa" title="Rustam S. Sidhwa">Rustam Sidhwa</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>15 July 1996 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen">Ninian Stephen</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>16 November 1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lal_Chand_Vohrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lal Chand Vohrah (page does not exist)">Lal Chand Vohrah</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1993 </td> <td>16 November 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Claude_Jorda" title="Claude Jorda">Claude Jorda</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President </td> <td>19 January 1994 </td> <td>11 March 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fouad_Riad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fouad Riad (page does not exist)">Fouad Riad</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>4 October 1995 </td> <td>16 November 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saad_Saood_Jan" title="Saad Saood Jan">Saad Saood Jan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>4 September 1996 </td> <td>16 November 1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Shahabuddeen" title="Mohamed Shahabuddeen">Mohamed Shahabuddeen</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>16 June 1997 </td> <td>10 May 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_May_(judge)" title="Richard May (judge)">Richard May</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1997 </td> <td>17 March 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Florence_Mumba" title="Florence Mumba">Florence Mumba</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>17 November 1997 </td> <td>16 November 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Nieto_Navia" title="Rafael Nieto Navia">Rafael Nieto Navia</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1997 </td> <td>16 November 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>3 December 2001 </td> <td>5 December 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Almiro_Rodrigues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Almiro Rodrigues (page does not exist)">Almiro Rodrigues</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1997 </td> <td>16 November 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Tieya" title="Wang Tieya">Wang Tieya</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1997 </td> <td>31 March 2000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lipton_Robinson" title="Patrick Lipton Robinson">Patrick Robinson</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President </td> <td>12 November 1998 </td> <td>8 April 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Bennouna" title="Mohamed Bennouna">Mohamed Bennouna</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>16 November 1998 </td> <td>28 February 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Hunt_(judge)" title="David Hunt (judge)">David Hunt</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>16 November 1998 </td> <td>14 November 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Wald" title="Patricia Wald">Patricia Wald</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 1999 </td> <td>16 November 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Daqun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Daqun (page does not exist)">Liu Daqun</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>3 April 2000 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmel_Agius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carmel Agius (page does not exist)">Carmel Agius</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President; vice-president </td> <td>14 March 2001 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohamed_Fassi-Fihri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohamed Fassi-Fihri (page does not exist)">Mohamed Fassi-Fihri</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Ad litem </td> <td>14 March 2001 </td> <td>16 November 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 April 2002 </td> <td>1 November 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Meron" title="Theodor Meron">Theodor Meron</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President </td> <td>14 March 2001 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fausto_Pocar" title="Fausto Pocar">Fausto Pocar</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>Permanent / President </td> <td>14 March 2001 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mehmet_G%C3%BCney" title="Mehmet Güney">Mehmet Güney</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>11 July 2001 </td> <td>30 April 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Harding_Clark" title="Maureen Harding Clark">Maureen Harding Clark</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>6 September 2001 </td> <td>11 March 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fatoumata_Demb%C3%A9l%C3%A9_Diarra" title="Fatoumata Dembélé Diarra">Fatoumata Diarra</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>6 September 2001 </td> <td>11 March 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivana_Janu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivana Janu (page does not exist)">Ivana Janu</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>6 September 2001 </td> <td>11 September 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amarjeet_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amarjeet Singh (page does not exist)">Amarjeet Singh</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>6 September 2001 </td> <td>5 April 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikako_Taya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chikako Taya (page does not exist)">Chikako Taya</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>6 September 2001 </td> <td>1 September 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sharon_A._Williams" title="Sharon A. Williams">Sharon Williams</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>6 September 2001 </td> <td>17 October 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asoka_de_Zoysa_Gunawardana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana (page does not exist)">Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>4 October 2001 </td> <td>5 July 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Amin_El_Mahdi" title="Mohammad Amin El Mahdi">Amin El Mahdi</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 2001 </td> <td>16 November 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/O-Gon_Kwon" title="O-Gon Kwon">O-Gon Kwon</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">Korea, South</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>17 November 2001 </td> <td>31 March 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alphons_Orie" title="Alphons Orie">Alphons Orie</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 2001 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Schomburg" title="Wolfgang Schomburg">Wolfgang Schomburg</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 2001 </td> <td>17 November 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Per-Johan_Lindholm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Per-Johan Lindholm (page does not exist)">Per-Johan Lindholm</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>10 April 2002 </td> <td>17 October 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Vasylenko" title="Volodymyr Vasylenko">Volodymyr Vasylenko</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>10 April 2002 </td> <td>25 January 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Argibay" title="Carmen Argibay">Carmen Argibay</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>5 November 2002 </td> <td>18 January 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joaqu%C3%ADn_Mart%C3%ADn_Canivell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joaquín Martín Canivell (page does not exist)">Joaquín Martín Canivell</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>2 May 2003 </td> <td>27 September 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/In%C3%A9s_M%C3%B3nica_Weinberg_de_Roca" title="Inés Mónica Weinberg de Roca">Inés Weinberg de Roca</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 June 2003 </td> <td>15 August 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Claude_Antonetti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Claude Antonetti (page does not exist)">Jean-Claude Antonetti</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>1 October 2003 </td> <td>31 March 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vonimbolana_Rasoazanany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vonimbolana Rasoazanany (page does not exist)">Vonimbolana Rasoazanany</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>17 November 2003 </td> <td>16 March 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albertus_Swart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albertus Swart (page does not exist)">Albertus Swart</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>1 December 2003 </td> <td>16 March 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Parker_(judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kevin Parker (judge) (page does not exist)">Kevin Parker</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td>Permanent / Vice-President </td> <td>8 December 2003 </td> <td>28 February 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krister_Thelin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krister Thelin (page does not exist)">Krister Thelin</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>15 December 2003 </td> <td>10 July 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Den_Wyngaert" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Van Den Wyngaert">Chris Van Den Wyngaert</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>15 December 2003 </td> <td>31 August 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iain_Bonomy,_Lord_Bonomy" title="Iain Bonomy, Lord Bonomy">Iain Bonomy</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>7 June 2004 </td> <td>31 August 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Brydensholt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Brydensholt (page does not exist)">Hans Brydensholt</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>21 September 2004 </td> <td>30 June 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albin_Eser" title="Albin Eser">Albin Eser</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>21 September 2004 </td> <td>30 June 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Hanoteau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Hanoteau (page does not exist)">Claude Hanoteau</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>25 January 2005 </td> <td>27 September 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gy%C3%B6rgy_Sz%C3%A9n%C3%A1si&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="György Szénási (page does not exist)">György Szénási</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>25 January 2005 </td> <td>30 May 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9sia_Vaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrésia Vaz (page does not exist)">Andrésia Vaz</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>15 August 2005 </td> <td>31 May 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bakone_Justice_Moloto" title="Bakone Justice Moloto">Bakone Moloto</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>17 November 2005 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_H%C3%B6pfel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Höpfel (page does not exist)">Frank Höpfel</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>2 December 2005 </td> <td>3 April 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janet_Nosworthy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janet Nosworthy (page does not exist)">Janet Nosworthy</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>2 December 2005 </td> <td>26 February 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_Prandler" title="Árpád Prandler">Árpád Prandler</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>7 April 2006 </td> <td>7 June 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Trechsel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Trechsel (page does not exist)">Stefan Trechsel</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>7 April 2006 </td> <td>7 June 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Mindua" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Mindua">Antoine Mindua</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Democratic Republic of the</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>25 April 2006 </td> <td>22 July 2016<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_Nawaz_Chowhan" title="Ali Nawaz Chowhan">Ali Nawaz Chowhan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>26 June 2006 </td> <td>26 February 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsvetana_Kamenova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsvetana Kamenova (page does not exist)">Tsvetana Kamenova</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>26 June 2006 </td> <td>26 February 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Prost" title="Kimberly Prost">Kimberly Prost</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>3 July 2006 </td> <td>31 March 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ole_Bj%C3%B8rn_St%C3%B8le" title="Ole Bjørn Støle">Ole Støle</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>13 July 2006 </td> <td>10 June 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Harhoff" title="Frederik Harhoff">Frederik Harhoff</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>9 January 2007 </td> <td>28 August 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Flavia_Lattanzi" title="Flavia Lattanzi">Flavia Lattanzi</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>2 July 2007 </td> <td>31 March 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedro_David&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedro David (page does not exist)">Pedro David</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>27 February 2008 </td> <td>13 September 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Gwaunza" title="Elizabeth Gwaunza">Elizabeth Gwaunza</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>3 March 2008 </td> <td>8 June 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mich%C3%A8le_Picard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michèle Picard (page does not exist)">Michèle Picard</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>3 March 2008 </td> <td>8 June 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uldis_Kinis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uldis Kinis (page does not exist)">Uldis Kinis</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>10 March 2008 </td> <td>18 April 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Fl%C3%BCgge" title="Christoph Flügge">Christoph Flügge</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>18 November 2008 </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melville_Baird&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melville Baird (page does not exist)">Melville Baird</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>15 December 2008 </td> <td>31 March 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Burton_P._C._Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Burton P. C. Hall">Burton Hall</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas, The</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>7 August 2009 </td> <td>30 July 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ad hoc </td> <td>21 September 2016<a href="#cite_note-Burton_Hall_appointment-30">[29]</a> </td> <td>31 December 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Howard_Morrison_(lawyer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Howard Morrison (lawyer)">Howard Morrison</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>31 August 2009 </td> <td>31 March 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guy_Delvoie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guy Delvoie (page does not exist)">Guy Delvoie</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>1 September 2009 </td> <td>30 July 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prisca_Matimba_Nyambe" title="Prisca Matimba Nyambe">Prisca Matimba Nyambe</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> </td> <td>Ad litem </td> <td>1 December 2009 </td> <td>18 December 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arlette_Ramaroson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arlette Ramaroson (page does not exist)">Arlette Ramaroson</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>19 October 2011 </td> <td>21 December 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalida_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalida Khan (page does not exist)">Khalida Khan</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>6 March 2012 </td> <td>21 December 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bakhtiyar_Tuzmukhamedov" title="Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov">Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>1 June 2012 </td> <td>21 December 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Sekule" class="mw-redirect" title="William Sekule">William Sekule</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>18 March 2013 </td> <td>30 April 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandiaye_Niang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandiaye Niang (page does not exist)">Mandiaye Niang</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> </td> <td>Permanent </td> <td>30 October 2013 </td> <td>31 March 2016 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Registry">Registry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Registry">edit</a>]</div> The Registry was responsible for handling the administration of the tribunal; activities included keeping court records, translating court documents, transporting and accommodating those who appear to testify, operating the Public Information Section, and such general duties as payroll administration, personnel management and procurement. It was also responsible for the Detention Unit for indictees being held during their trial and the Legal Aid program for indictees who cannot pay for their own defence. It was headed by the Registrar, a position occupied over the years by <a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Boven" title="Theo van Boven">Theo van Boven</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (February 1994 to December 1994), Dorothée de Sampayo Garrido-Nijgh of the Netherlands (1995–2000), Hans Holthuis of the Netherlands (2001–2009), and <a href="/wiki/John_Hocking" title="John Hocking">John Hocking</a> of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> (May 2009 to December 2017).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Detention_facilities">Detention facilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Detention facilities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg/220px-ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg/330px-ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg/440px-ICTY_Detention_Unit_cell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6144" data-file-height="4096" /></a><figcaption>A typical 10 m2<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> single cell at the ICTY detention facilities</figcaption></figure> Those defendants on trial and those who were denied a provisional release were detained at the United Nations Detention Unit on the premises of the <a href="/wiki/Penitentiary_Institution_Haaglanden" class="mw-redirect" title="Penitentiary Institution Haaglanden">Penitentiary Institution Haaglanden</a>, location Scheveningen in <a href="/wiki/Belgisch_Park" title="Belgisch Park">Belgisch Park</a>, a suburb of <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, located some 3 km by road from the courthouse. The indicted were housed in private cells which had a toilet, shower, radio, satellite TV, personal computer (without internet access) and other luxuries. They were allowed to phone family and friends daily and could have conjugal visits. There was also a library, a gym and various rooms used for religious observances. The inmates were allowed to cook for themselves. All of the inmates mixed freely and were not segregated on the basis of nationality. As the cells were more akin to a university residence instead of a jail, some had derisively referred to the ICT as the "Hague Hilton".<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> The reason for this luxury relative to other prisons is that the first president of the court wanted to emphasise that the indictees were innocent until proven guilty.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Criticism_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-criticism" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criticism#Avoid_sections_and_articles_focusing_on_criticisms_or_controversies" title="Wikipedia:Criticism">"criticism" or "controversy" section</a> may compromise the article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Article_structure" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a>. Please help rewrite or integrate negative information to other sections <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">through discussion</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="Talk:International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">talk page</a>. (March 2022)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Criticisms of the court include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Del_Ponte" title="Carla Del Ponte">Carla Del Ponte</a>, the chief prosecutor of the tribunal, said in 2021 that the US did not want the ICTY to scrutinise war crimes committed by the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Liberation_Army" title="Kosovo Liberation Army">Kosovo Liberation Army</a>. According to her, <a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a>, the United States <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">secretary of state</a> at the time, told her to slow down the investigation of <a href="/wiki/Ramush_Haradinaj" title="Ramush Haradinaj">Ramush Haradinaj</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mandel_(law_professor)" title="Michael Mandel (law professor)">Michael Mandel</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Blum" title="William Blum">William Blum</a> and others accused the court of having a pro-NATO bias due to its refusal to prosecute NATO officials and politicians for war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a></li> <li>On 6 December 2006, the Tribunal at The Hague approved the use of <a href="/wiki/Force-feeding" title="Force-feeding">force-feeding</a> of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbian</a> politician <a href="/wiki/Vojislav_%C5%A0e%C5%A1elj" title="Vojislav Šešelj">Vojislav Šešelj</a>. They decided it was not "torture, <a href="/wiki/Inhuman_or_degrading_treatment" class="mw-redirect" title="Inhuman or degrading treatment">inhuman or degrading treatment</a> if there is a medical necessity to do so... and if the manner in which the detainee is force-fed is not inhuman or degrading".<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a></li> <li>Reducing the indictment charges after the arrest of <a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a>, Croatian officials publicly condemned chief prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Serge_Brammertz" title="Serge Brammertz">Serge Brammertz</a> for his announcement that the former Bosnian Serb General would be tried solely for crimes allegedly committed in Bosnia, not in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a></li> <li>Critics<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> have questioned whether the tribunal exacerbates tensions rather than promotes reconciliation,<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-failure_of_international_justice-47">[46]</a> as is claimed by tribunal supporters. Polls show a generally negative reaction to the tribunal among both Serbs and Croats.<a href="#cite_note-failure_of_international_justice-47">[46]</a> A majority of Serbs and Croats have expressed doubts regarding the ICTY's integrity and question the tenability of its legal procedures.<a href="#cite_note-failure_of_international_justice-47">[46]</a></li> <li>68% of indictees have been <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Montenegrins_(ethnic_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Montenegrins (ethnic group)">Montenegrins</a>),<a href="#cite_note-failure_of_international_justice-47">[46]</a> to the extent that a sizeable portion of the Bosnian Serb and Croatian Serb political and military leaderships have been indicted. Many have seen this as reflecting bias,<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> while the tribunal's defenders have seen this as indicative of the actual proportion of crimes committed. However, <a href="/wiki/Marko_Hoare" class="mw-redirect" title="Marko Hoare">Marko Hoare</a> claimed that, aside from Milošević, only <a href="/wiki/Mom%C4%8Dilo_Peri%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Momčilo Perišić">Momčilo Perišić</a> (Chief of the General Staff of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro">Yugoslav Army</a>), who was acquitted, has been indicted from the Serbian military or political top when it comes to wars in Croatia and Bosnia.<a href="#cite_note-failure_of_international_justice-47">[46]</a></li> <li>According to Hoare, a former employee at the ICTY, an investigative team worked on indictments of senior members of the "joint criminal enterprise", including not only Milošević but also <a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Veljko Kadijević</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blagoje_Ad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Blagoje Adžić">Blagoje Adžić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borisav_Jovi%C4%87" title="Borisav Jović">Borisav Jović</a>, <a href="/wiki/Branko_Kosti%C4%87" title="Branko Kostić">Branko Kostić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87" title="Momir Bulatović">Momir Bulatović</a> and others. However, Hoare claims that, due to <a href="/wiki/Carla_del_Ponte" class="mw-redirect" title="Carla del Ponte">Carla del Ponte</a>'s intervention, these drafts were rejected, and the indictment limited to Milošević alone.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a></li> <li>There have been allegations of censorship: in July 2011, the Appeals Chamber of ICTY confirmed the judgment of the Trial Chamber which found journalist and former tribunal's OTP spokesperson <a href="/wiki/Florence_Hartmann" title="Florence Hartmann">Florence Hartmann</a> guilty of contempt of court and fined her €7,000. She disclosed documents of FR Yugoslavia's Supreme Defense Council meetings and criticized the tribunal for granting confidentiality of some information in them to protect Serbia's 'vital national interests' during <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Genocide_Case" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Genocide Case">Bosnia's lawsuit against the country for genocide</a> in front of the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a>. Hartmann argued that Serbia was freed of the charge of genocide because ICTY redacted certain information in the council meetings. Since these documents have in the meantime been made public by the ICTY itself, a group of organizations and individuals, who supported her, said that the tribunal in this appellate proceedings "imposed a form of censorship aimed to protect the international judges from any form of criticism".<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> (France refused to extradite Hartmann to serve the prison sentence issued against her by the ICTY after she refused to pay the €7,000 fine.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Klaus-Peter Willsch</a> compared the <a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a> verdict, in which the late Croatian president <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a> was posthumously found to have been participating in a <a href="/wiki/Joint_Criminal_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Criminal Enterprise">Joint Criminal Enterprise</a>, with the 897 <a href="/wiki/Cadaver_Synod" title="Cadaver Synod">Cadaver Synod</a> trial in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, when <a href="/wiki/Pope_Stephen_VI" title="Pope Stephen VI">Pope Stephen VI</a> had the corpse of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Formosus" title="Pope Formosus">Pope Formosus</a> exhumed, put on trial and posthumously convicted.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a></li> <li>Some sentences have been considered too mild, even within the tribunal,<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> complained at small sentences of convicted war criminals in comparison with their crimes. In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Veselin_%C5%A0ljivan%C4%8Danin" title="Veselin Šljivančanin">Veselin Šljivančanin</a>'s sentence for his involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Vukovar massacre</a> was cut from 17 to 10 years, which caused outrage in Croatia. Upon hearing that news, Vesna Bosanac, who had been in charge of the Vukovar hospital during the fall of the city, said that the "ICTY is dead" for her: "For crimes that he [Šljivančanin], had committed in Vukovar, notably at <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Dara_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovčara massacre">Ovčara</a>, he should have been jailed for life. I'm outraged.... The Hague(-based) tribunal has showed again that it is not a just tribunal."<a href="#cite_note-sljivancanin-53">[52]</a> Danijel Rehak, the head of <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Association_of_Prisoners_in_Serbian_Concentration_Camps" title="Croatian Association of Prisoners in Serbian Concentration Camps">Croatian Association of Prisoners in Serbian Concentration Camps</a>, said, "The shock of families whose beloved ones were killed at <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Dara_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovčara massacre">Ovčara</a> is unimaginable. The court made a crucial mistake by accepting a statement of a JNA officer to whom Šljivančanin was a commander. I cannot understand that".<a href="#cite_note-sljivancanin-53">[52]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pavle_Strugar" title="Pavle Strugar">Pavle Strugar</a>'s 8-year sentence for shelling of <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>, a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> World Heritage Site, also caused outrage in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-outrage-54">[53]</a> Judge Kevin Parker (of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>) was named in a Croatian journal (<a href="/wiki/Nacional_(weekly)" title="Nacional (weekly)">Nacional</a>) as a main cause of the system's failure for having dismissed the testimonies of numerous witnesses.<a href="#cite_note-outrage-54">[53]</a></li> <li>Some of the defendants, such as <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, claimed that the court has no legal authority because it was established by the <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a> instead of the <a href="/wiki/UN_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="UN General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a> and so had not been created on a broad international basis. The tribunal was established on the basis of <a href="/wiki/Chapter_VII_of_the_United_Nations_Charter" title="Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter">Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter</a>; the relevant portion of which reads "the Security Council can take measures to maintain or restore international peace and security".<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> The legal criticism has been succinctly stated in a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i-p-o.org/yu-tribunal-memo1999.htm">memorandum</a> issued by Austrian Professor <a href="/wiki/Hans_K%C3%B6chler" title="Hans Köchler">Hans Köchler</a>, which was submitted to the president of the Security Council in 1999. British <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">MEP</a> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hannan" title="Daniel Hannan">Daniel Hannan</a> has called for the court to be abolished, claiming it is anti-democratic and a violation of national sovereignty.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a></li> <li>The interactive <a href="/wiki/Thematic_debate_on_the_role_of_international_criminal_justice_in_reconciliation" title="Thematic debate on the role of international criminal justice in reconciliation">thematic debate on the role of international criminal justice in reconciliation</a> was convened on 10 April 2013 by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the General Assembly">President of the General Assembly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vuk_Jeremi%C4%87" title="Vuk Jeremić">Vuk Jeremić</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Serbia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Serbia)">Minister of Foreign Affairs of Serbia</a> during the resumed part of the GA's <a href="/wiki/Sixty-seventh_session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="Sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly">67th Session</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> The debate was scheduled after the convictions of <a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mladen_Marka%C4%8D" title="Mladen Markač">Mladen Markač</a> for inciting war crimes against Serbs in Croatia were overturned by an ICTY Appeals Panel in November 2012.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> The ICTY president <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Meron" title="Theodor Meron">Theodor Meron</a> announced that all three Hague war crimes courts turned down the invitation of <a href="/wiki/UNGA" class="mw-redirect" title="UNGA">UNGA</a> president to participate in the debate about their work.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_General_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the General Assembly">President of the General Assembly</a>, Jeremić, described Meron's refusal to participate in this debate as scandalous.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> He emphasized that he does not shy away from criticizing the ICTY, which has "convicted nobody for inciting crimes committed against Serbs in Croatia.".<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> Jeremić, who served as president of the General Assembly in his capacity as Serbian foreign minister, was effectively speaking on behalf of the Serbian government when making such statements and his views do not necessarily reflect those of the UN General Assembly. <a href="/wiki/Tomislav_Nikoli%C4%87" title="Tomislav Nikolić">Tomislav Nikolić</a>, the president of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> criticized the ICTY, claiming it did not contribute but hindered reconciliation in the former Yugoslavia. He added that although there is no significant ethnic disproportion among the number of casualties in the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav wars">Yugoslav wars</a>, the ICTY sentenced Serbs and ethnic Serbs to a combined total of 1150 years in prison while claiming that members of other ethnic groups have been sentenced to a total of 55 years for crimes against Serbs.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Churkin" title="Vitaly Churkin">Vitaly Churkin</a>, the ambassador of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> to the UN, criticized the work of the ICTY, especially the overturned convictions of Gotovina and <a href="/wiki/Ramush_Haradinaj" title="Ramush Haradinaj">Ramush Haradinaj</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a></li> <li>Regarding the final case on 29 November 2017 proceeding encompassing six Bosnian-Croat individuals, one of whom, <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Praljak" title="Slobodan Praljak">Slobodan Praljak</a>, in protest in court drank poison and subsequently died,<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Croatia" title="Prime Minister of Croatia">Prime Minister of Croatia</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Plenkovi%C4%87" title="Andrej Plenković">Andrej Plenković</a> claimed the verdict was "unjust" and Praljak's suicide "speaks of deep moral injustice to the six Croats, from Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Croat people". He criticized the verdict because it did not recognize the assistance and support provided by Croatia to Bosnia and Herzegovina and the collaboration of both armies at a time when the neighbouring state was faced with the "<a href="/wiki/Greater_Serbia#Yugoslav_wars" title="Greater Serbia">Greater-Serbian aggression</a>" and when its territorial integrity was compromised, as well it alludes to the link between the then leadership of the Republic of Croatia, while in the previous verdict to Bosnian-Serb <a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a> does not recognize the connection with Serbia's state officials at that time.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a></li> <li>Dutch filmmaker Jos de Putter made a trilogy, The Milosevic Case – Glosses at Trial, for Tegenlicht investigative slot at the VPRO. The main hypothesis of the film is that ICTY prosecution has been struggling and failing to prove any link between Milosevic and the media version of the truth of the bloody break-up of Yugoslavia. The legitimacy of the prosecution methodology in securing the witness accounts and evidence, in general, has been examined by the filmmaker.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/61px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_indicted_in_the_International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="List of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">List of people indicted in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Palestine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Palestine">International Criminal Court investigation in Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_arrest_warrants_for_Israeli_figures" title="International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Israeli figures">International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Israeli figures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Gotovina_et_al" class="mw-redirect" title="Trial of Gotovina et al">Trial of Gotovina et al</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> Officially the "International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991" </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-OTP_history-2"><a href="#cite_ref-OTP_history_2-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icty.org/sid/95">"History | International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia"</a>. www.icty.org. Retrieved 21 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.icty.org&rft.atitle=History+%26%23124%3B+International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fsid%2F95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aljaz-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aljaz_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-aljaz_3-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/news/europe/2011/07/201172074249705610.html">Serbia's last war crimes fugitive arrested</a>, Al Jazeera.net, 20 July 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/en/press/the-icty-renders-its-final-judgement-in-the-prli%C4%87-et-al-appeal-case">"The ICTY renders its final judgement in the Prlić et al. appeal case"</a>. 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International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Retrieved 29 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+Former+Yugoslavia&rft.atitle=ICTY+President+Agius+delivers+final+address+to+UN+General+Assembly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fen%2Fpress%2Ficty-president-agius-delivers-final-address-to-united-nations-general-assembly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNSC_Resolution_1966-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNSC_Resolution_1966_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNSC_Resolution_1966_6-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/file/About/Reports%20and%20Publications/ResidualMechanism/101222_sc_res1966_residualmechanism_en.pdf">"UNSC Resolution 1966"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 21 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=FLORENCE+HARTMANN+CASE%3A+CONVICTION+AND+SENTENCE+UPHELD+ON+APPEAL&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sense-agency.com%2Ficty%2Fflorence-hartmann-case-conviction-and-sentence-upheld-on-appeal.29.html%3Fcat_id%3D1%26news_id%3D13029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlaus-Peter_Willsch2011" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Klaus-Peter Willsch (2 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.faz.net/artikel/C30189/fremde-federn-klaus-peter-willsch-die-leichensynode-von-den-haag-30375259.html">"Die Leichensynode von Den Haag [The Cadaver Synod at the Hague]"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Allgemeine" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurter Allgemeine">Frankfurter Allgemeine</a> (in German). Retrieved 4 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frankfurter+Allgemeine&rft.atitle=Die+Leichensynode+von+Den+Haag+%5BThe+Cadaver+Synod+at+the+Hague%5D&rft.date=2011-06-02&rft.au=Klaus-Peter+Willsch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.faz.net%2Fartikel%2FC30189%2Ffremde-federn-klaus-peter-willsch-die-leichensynode-von-den-haag-30375259.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316215900/http://www.sense-agency.com/icty/ten-years-in-prison-for-miroslav-deronjic.29.html?cat_id=1&news_id=8520">"Ten years in prison for Miroslav Deronjić"</a>. The Hague: Sense Agency. 30 March 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sense-agency.com/icty/ten-years-in-prison-for-miroslav-deronjic.29.html?cat_id=1&news_id=8520">the original</a> on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2011. <q>Judge Schomburg however thinks that the punishment is not proportional to the crime and is not within mandate and spirit of this Tribunal. According to him, the crime to which Deronjić pleaded guilty "deserves a sentence of no less than twenty years of imprisonment". In a brief summary of his dissenting opinion that he read after pronouncing the sentence imposed by the majority, Judge Schomburg criticized the prosecution for having limited Deronjić's responsibility in the indictment to "one day and to the village of <a href="/wiki/Glogova,_Bratunac" class="mw-redirect" title="Glogova, Bratunac">Glogova</a>". Schomburg added that the "heinous and long-planned crimes committed by a high-ranking perpetrator do not allow for a sentence of only ten years", which, in light of his possible early release, could mean that the accused would spend only six years and eight months in prison. At the end of his dissenting opinion, Schomburg quoted a statement by one of Deronjić's victims. The victim said that his guilty plea "can heal the wounds" that the Bosniak community in eastern Bosnia still feels "provided that he is punished adequately". According to the victim, "a mild punishment would not serve any purpose.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ten+years+in+prison+for+Miroslav+Deronji%C4%87&rft.place=The+Hague&rft.pub=Sense+Agency&rft.date=2004-03-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sense-agency.com%2Ficty%2Ften-years-in-prison-for-miroslav-deronjic.29.html%3Fcat_id%3D1%26news_id%3D8520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sljivancanin-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sljivancanin_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sljivancanin_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDejong2010" class="citation web cs1">Dejong, Peter (8 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vancouversun.com/news/Warcrimes+court+cuts+Serb+massacre+sentence/3947423/story.html">"War crimes court cuts Serb's massacre sentence"</a>. Vancouver Sun. Retrieved 17 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vancouver+Sun&rft.atitle=War+crimes+court+cuts+Serb%27s+massacre+sentence&rft.date=2010-12-08&rft.aulast=Dejong&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvancouversun.com%2Fnews%2FWarcrimes%2Bcourt%2Bcuts%2BSerb%2Bmassacre%2Bsentence%2F3947423%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-outrage-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-outrage_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-outrage_54-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJelinić2010" class="citation web cs1">Jelinić, Berislav (2 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nacional.hr/en/clanak/38490/kevin-parker-the-judge-who-freed-the-villains-of-vukovar">"Kevin Parker – The judge who freed the villains of Vukovar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nacional_(weekly)" title="Nacional (weekly)">Nacional</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527142206/http://www.nacional.hr/en/clanak/38490/kevin-parker-the-judge-who-freed-the-villains-of-vukovar">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kevin+Parker+%E2%80%93+The+judge+who+freed+the+villains+of+Vukovar&rft.pub=Nacional&rft.date=2010-10-02&rft.aulast=Jelini%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Berislav&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nacional.hr%2Fen%2Fclanak%2F38490%2Fkevin-parker-the-judge-who-freed-the-villains-of-vukovar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> For more detail, see an early summary of this argument by Mak, T.: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/finp20/2/4?nav=tocList%7CThe">Case Against an International War Crimes Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a>, (1995) International Peacekeeping, 2:4, 536–563. </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannan2007" class="citation news cs1">Hannan, Daniel (26 February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090722045427/http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/danielhannan/3679261/He_went_unsung_to_his_grave/">"He went unsung to his grave"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/danielhannan/3679261/He_went_unsung_to_his_grave">the original</a> on 22 July 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=He+went+unsung+to+his+grave&rft.date=2007-02-26&rft.aulast=Hannan&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fdanielhannan%2F3679261%2FHe_went_unsung_to_his_grave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/ga/president/67/statements/statements/December/ga_closing21122012.shtml">"Remarks on the Occasion of the Closing of the Main Part of the Sixty-Seventh Session of the General Assembly"</a>. un. Retrieved 9 April 2013. <q>I will also convene several other high-level thematic debates in the months to come... our debates during the resumed part of the 67th Session.... Another will focus on the Role of International Criminal Justice in Reconciliation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remarks+on+the+Occasion+of+the+Closing+of+the+Main+Part+of+the+Sixty-Seventh+Session+of+the+General+Assembly&rft.pub=un&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fga%2Fpresident%2F67%2Fstatements%2Fstatements%2FDecember%2Fga_closing21122012.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/josipovic-shuns-jeremic-s-un-debate">"Croatian President Shuns Jeremić's UN Debate"</a>. Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. 29 March 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2013. <q>Jeremić scheduled the debate on "the role of international criminal justice in reconciliation" after the ICTY acquitted [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] two Croatian generals, Ante Gotovina and Mladen Markač, of war crimes during the conflict in Croatia in 1995.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkan+Investigative+Reporting+Network&rft.atitle=Croatian+President+Shuns+Jeremi%C4%87%27s+UN+Debate&rft.date=2013-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.balkaninsight.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fjosipovic-shuns-jeremic-s-un-debate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://croatiabusinessreport.wordpress.com/2013/04/07/icty-isnt-coming-to-vuk-jeremics-un-general-assembly-debate">"ICTY isn't coming to Vuk Jeremić's UN General Assembly debate"</a>. Croatia Business Report. 7 April 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2013. <q>Not only the ICTY but all three war crimes tribunals turned down Jeremić's invitation, Meron said at a panel on the role of the Hague tribunals in the protection of human rights held at the <a href="/wiki/Brookings_Institution" title="Brookings Institution">Brookings Institution</a> in Washington on Thursday.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croatia+Business+Report&rft.atitle=ICTY+isn%27t+coming+to+Vuk+Jeremi%C4%87%27s+UN+General+Assembly+debate&rft.date=2013-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcroatiabusinessreport.wordpress.com%2F2013%2F04%2F07%2Ficty-isnt-coming-to-vuk-jeremics-un-general-assembly-debate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtv.rs/sr_lat/politika/jeremic:-odbijeni-pritisci-debate-ce-biti_383578.html">"Jeremić: Odbijeni pritisci, debate će biti"</a>. RTV Vojvodine. 7 April 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2013. <q>On je kao skandalozno ocenio to što se predsednik Haškog tribunala Teodor Meron nije odazvao pozivu da se pojavi u UN, pod čijim patronatom sud funkcioniše.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RTV+Vojvodine&rft.atitle=Jeremi%C4%87%3A+Odbijeni+pritisci%2C+debate+%C4%87e+biti&rft.date=2013-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtv.rs%2Fsr_lat%2Fpolitika%2Fjeremic%3A-odbijeni-pritisci-debate-ce-biti_383578.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGladstone,_Rick2013" class="citation news cs1">Gladstone, Rick (16 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/17/world/europe/serb-defends-un-meeting-on-criminal-justice.html">"Serb Defends U.N. Meeting Boycotted by the U.S."</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. New York. Retrieved 29 April 2015. <q>has "convicted nobody for inciting crimes committed against Serbs in Croatia."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serb+Defends+U.N.+Meeting+Boycotted+by+the+U.S.&rft.date=2013-04-16&rft.au=Gladstone%2C+Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F04%2F17%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fserb-defends-un-meeting-on-criminal-justice.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=1109354">"O Hagu na Ist Riveru"</a>. Vreme. 15 April 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vreme&rft.atitle=O+Hagu+na+Ist+Riveru&rft.date=2013-04-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vreme.com%2Fcms%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D1109354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mondo.rs/s285793/Info/Svet/Curkin-_Negativan_primer_Haskog_tribunala.html">"Čurkin: Negativan primer Haškog tribunala"</a>. Mondo (in Serbian). Tanjug. 10 April 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mondo&rft.atitle=%C4%8Curkin%3A+Negativan+primer+Ha%C5%A1kog+tribunala&rft.date=2013-04-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mondo.rs%2Fs285793%2FInfo%2FSvet%2FCurkin-_Negativan_primer_Haskog_tribunala.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-42163613">"War crimes suspect 'takes poison' in court"</a>. BBC News. 29 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=War+crimes+suspect+%27takes+poison%27+in+court&rft.date=2017-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-42163613&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/war-criminal-slobodan-praljak-dies-after-taking-poison-in-court-11148960">"War criminal Slobodan Praljak dies after taking poison in court"</a>. Sky News. Retrieved 29 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=War+criminal+Slobodan+Praljak+dies+after+taking+poison+in+court&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fwar-criminal-slobodan-praljak-dies-after-taking-poison-in-court-11148960&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/premijer-plenkovic-komentirat-ce-presudu-haskog-suda-i-smrt-slobodana-praljka-1210900">"Plenković: Pokušat ćemo osporiti navode iz presude"</a> [Plenković: We will try to challenge the allegations from the verdict]. <a href="/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dernji_list" title="Večernji list">Večernji list</a> (in Croatian). 29 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ve%C4%8Dernji+list&rft.atitle=Plenkovi%C4%87%3A+Poku%C5%A1at+%C4%87emo+osporiti+navode+iz+presude&rft.date=2017-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vecernji.hr%2Fvijesti%2Fpremijer-plenkovic-komentirat-ce-presudu-haskog-suda-i-smrt-slobodana-praljka-1210900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vlada.gov.hr/news/announcement-of-the-government-of-the-republic-of-croatia-on-the-judgment-of-the-hague-tribunal/22948">"Announcement of the Government of the Republic of Croatia on the judgment of the Hague Tribunal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Croatia" title="Government of Croatia">Government of Croatia</a>. 29 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcement+of+the+Government+of+the+Republic+of+Croatia+on+the+judgment+of+the+Hague+Tribunal&rft.pub=Government+of+Croatia&rft.date=2017-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvlada.gov.hr%2Fnews%2Fannouncement-of-the-government-of-the-republic-of-croatia-on-the-judgment-of-the-hague-tribunal%2F22948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Ackerman, J.E. and O'Sullivan, E.: Practice and procedure of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia: with selected materials for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, The Hague, KLI, 2000.</li> <li>Aldrich, G.H.: Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, American Journal of International Law, 1996, pp. 64–68h</li> <li>Bachmann, Klaus; Sparrow-Botero, Thomas and Lambertz, Peter: When justice meets politics. Independence and autonomy of ad hoc international criminal tribunals. Peter Lang International 2013.</li> <li>Bassiouni, M.C.: The Law of the International Criminal Tribunal of the Former Yugoslavia, New York, Transnational Publications, 1996.</li> <li>Boelaert-Suominen, S.: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) anno 1999: its place in the international legal system, mandate and most notable jurisprudence, Polish Yearbook of International Law, 2001, pp. 95–155.</li> <li>Boelaert-Suominen, S.: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the Kosovo Conflict, International Review of the Red Cross, 2000, pp. 217–251.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2007" class="citation journal cs1">Campbell, Kirsten (December 2007). "The gender of transitional justice: Law, sexual violence and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia". <a href="/wiki/International_Journal_of_Transitional_Justice" title="International Journal of Transitional Justice">International Journal of Transitional Justice</a>. 1 (3). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford Journals</a>: 411–432. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fijtj%2Fijm033">10.1093/ijtj/ijm033</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Transitional+Justice&rft.atitle=The+gender+of+transitional+justice%3A+Law%2C+sexual+violence+and+the+International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+Former+Yugoslavia&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=411-432&rft.date=2007-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fijtj%2Fijm033&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Kirsten&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Cassese, Antonio: The ICTY: A Living and Vital Reality", Journal of International Criminal Justice Vol.2, 2004, No.2, pp. 585–597</li> <li>Cisse, C.: The International Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda: some elements of comparison, Transnational Law and Contemporary Problems, 1997, pp. 103–118.</li> <li>Clark, R.S. and SANN, M.: A critical study of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, European Journal of International Law, 1997, pp. 198–200.</li> <li>Goldstone, R.J.: Assessing the work of the United Nations war crimes tribunals, Stanford Journal of International Law, 1997, pp. 1–8.</li> <li>HadžiMuhamedović, S.: Syncretic debris: from shared Bosnian saints to the ICTY courtroom, Ethnoscripts 20(1), 2019, pp. 79–109.</li> <li>Ivković, S.K.: Justice by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, Stanford Journal of International Law, 2001, pp. 255–346.</li> <li>Jones, J.W.R.D.: The practice of the international criminal tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, New York, Transnational, 2000.</li> <li>Kaszubinski, M.: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, in: Bassiouni, M.C. (ed.), Post-conflict justice, New York, Transnational, 2002, pp. 459–585.</li> <li>Kerr, R.: International judicial intervention: the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, International Relations, 2000, pp. 17–26.</li> <li>Kerr, R.: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia: an exercise in law, politics and diplomacy, Oxford, OUP, 2004.</li> <li>King, F. and La Rosa, A.: Current Developments. International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, B.T.I.R., 1997, pp. 533–555.</li> <li>Klip, A. and Sluiter, G.: Annotated leading cases of international criminal tribunals; (Vol. III) The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia 2000–2001, Schoten, Intersentia, 2003.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_K%C3%B6chler" title="Hans Köchler">Köchler, Hans</a>: Global Justice or Global Revenge? International Criminal Justice at the Crossroads, Vienna/New York, Springer, 2003, pp. 166–184.</li> <li>Kolb, R.: The jurisprudence of the Yugoslav and Rwandan Criminal Tribunals on their jurisdiction and on international crimes, British Yearbook of International Law, 2001, pp. 259–315.</li> <li>Lamb, S.: The powers of arrest of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, British Yearbook of International Law, 2000, pp. 165–244.</li> <li>Laughland, J.: Travesty: The Trial of Slobodan Milošević and the Corruption of International Justice, London, Pluto Press, 2007.</li> <li>Lescure, K.: International justice for former Yugoslavia: the working of the International Criminal Tribunal of the Hague, The Hague, KLI, 1996.</li> <li>Mak, T.: The Case Against an International War Crimes Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, (1995) International Peacekeeping, 2:4, 536–563.</li> <li>McAllister, Jacqueline R. 2020. "Deterring Wartime Atrocities: Hard Lessons from the Yugoslav Tribunal." International Security 44(3). Available at: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00370">Deterring Wartime Atrocities: Hard Lessons from the Yugoslav Tribunal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[1]</a></li> <li>McDonald, G.K.: Reflections on the contributions of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, Hastings International and Comparative Law Review, 2001, pp. 155–172.</li> <li>Mettraux, G.: Crimes against humanity in the jurisprudence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_International_Law_Journal" title="Harvard International Law Journal">Harvard International Law Journal</a>, 2002, pp. 237–316.</li> <li>Morris, V. and Scharf, M.P.: An insider's guide to the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, African Yearbook of International Law, 1995, pp. 441–446.</li> <li>Murphy, S.D.: Progress and jurisprudence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, American Journal of International Law, 1999, pp. 57–96.</li> <li>Panovsky, D.: Some war crimes are not better than others: the failure of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia to prosecute war crimes in Macedonia, Northwestern University Law Review, 2004, pp. 623–655.</li> <li>Pilouras, S.: International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and Milosevic's trial, New York Law School Journal of Human Rights, 2002, pp. 515–525.</li> <li>Pronk, E.: "The ICTY and the people from the former Yugoslavia. A reserved relationship." (thesis)</li> <li>Roberts, K.: The law of persecution before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, Leiden Journal of International Law, 2002, pp. 623–663.</li> <li>Robinson, P.L.: Ensuring fair and expeditious trials at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, European Journal of International Law, 2000, pp. 569–589.</li> <li>Shenk, M.D.: International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda, The International Lawyer, 1999, pp. 549–554.</li> <li>Shraga, D. and Zackalin, R.: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, European Journal of International Law, 1994, pp. 360–380.</li> <li>Sjocrona, J.M.: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia: some introductory remarks from a defence point of view, Leiden Journal of International Law, 1995, pp. 463–474.</li> <li>Tolbert, David: The ICTY: Unforeseen Successes and Foreseeable Shortcomings, <a href="/wiki/The_Fletcher_Forum_of_World_Affairs" title="The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs">The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs</a>, Vol.26, No.2, Summer/Fall 2002, pp. 7–20</li> <li>Tolbert, David: Reflections on the ICTY Registry, Journal of International Criminal Justice, Vol.2, No.2, 2004, pp. 480–485</li> <li>Vierucci, L.: The First Steps of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, European Journal of International Law, 1995, pp. 134–143.</li> <li>Warbrick, C. and McGoldrick, D.: Co-operation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 1996, pp. 947–953.</li> <li>Wilson, Richard Ashby: 'Judging History: the Historical Record of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia.' Human Rights Quarterly. 2005. August. Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 908–942.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_criminal_law" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">International criminal law</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_international_law" title="Sources of international law">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Customary_international_law" title="Customary international law">Customary international law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peremptory_norm" title="Peremptory norm">Peremptory norm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuremberg Charter">Nuremberg Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_principles" title="Nuremberg principles">Nuremberg principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_United_Nations" title="Charter of the United Nations">United Nations Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_Convention" title="Genocide Convention">Genocide Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Torture" title="United Nations Convention Against Torture">Convention Against Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">Crimes against international law</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">Crime of aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_apartheid" title="Crime of apartheid">Crime of apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocidal_intent" title="Genocidal intent">Genocidal intent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incitement_to_genocide" title="Incitement to genocide">Incitement to genocide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">Slave trading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_(crime)" title="Starvation (crime)">Starvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/International_court" title="International court">International courts</a> (in order of foundation)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg Trials)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">International Military Tribunal for the Far East</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda" title="International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda">International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Court_for_Sierra_Leone" title="Special Court for Sierra Leone">Special Court for Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_Rouge_Tribunal" title="Khmer Rouge Tribunal">Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Panels_for_Serious_Crimes_(East_Timor)" title="Special Panels for Serious Crimes (East Timor)">Special Panels of the Dili District Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Tribunal_for_Lebanon" title="Special Tribunal for Lebanon">Special Tribunal for Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Residual_Mechanism_for_Criminal_Tribunals" title="International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals">International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_orders" title="Superior orders">Superior orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">Joint criminal enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International humanitarian law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_speech_crimes" title="International speech crimes">International speech crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">Universal jurisdiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183219#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183219#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183219#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000040501417X">ISNI</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121800646">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147611109">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4383997-6">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n94093864">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12394597c">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12394597c">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35561826">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20030215041&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a 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href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA11147408?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/033038880">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcAllister2020" class="citation journal cs1">McAllister, Jacqueline R. (January 2020). "Deterring Wartime Atrocities: Hard Lessons from the Yugoslav Tribunal". International Security. 44 (3): 84–128. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2Fisec_a_00370">10.1162/isec_a_00370</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:209892079">209892079</a>.</cite><span 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