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Multigenerational diversity is considered a contributing factor for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82119464" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Emotional communication is gradually gaining the attention of various industries in Nigeria, particularly on the issues and concerns of sustaining employees’ fulfilment. Multigenerational diversity is considered a contributing factor for the retention of employees at work, but the mechanism behind this relationship remains unclear. Thus, main aim of this study was to investigate the influence of multigenerational diversity and emotional communication on sustainable employee fulfilment in the Federal Civil Service Commission of Nigeria. Respondents (i.e., directors, managers, and supervisors) were randomly surveyed across the various civil services in Nigeria using a stratified and purposive sampling technique. With the use of an online google form 416 questionnaires were retrieved and analysed using partial least squares (PLS). The results supported the predicted mediating role of emotional communication, and various ages among Gen Y have no differences within the studied relationsh...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82119464" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="36e6064cf53f13b6a0128340aadaebdc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87925331,"asset_id":82119464,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87925331/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12825222" href="https://covenantuniversity.academia.edu/OdunayoSalau">Odunayo Salau</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12825222" type="text/json">{"id":12825222,"first_name":"Odunayo","last_name":"Salau","domain_name":"covenantuniversity","page_name":"OdunayoSalau","display_name":"Odunayo Salau","profile_url":"https://covenantuniversity.academia.edu/OdunayoSalau?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12825222/3637394/18723003/s65_odunayo.salau.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82119464 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82119464"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82119464, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82119464", }); 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Multigenerational diversity is considered a contributing factor for the retention of employees at work, but the mechanism behind this relationship remains unclear. Thus, main aim of this study was to investigate the influence of multigenerational diversity and emotional communication on sustainable employee fulfilment in the Federal Civil Service Commission of Nigeria. Respondents (i.e., directors, managers, and supervisors) were randomly surveyed across the various civil services in Nigeria using a stratified and purposive sampling technique. With the use of an online google form 416 questionnaires were retrieved and analysed using partial least squares (PLS). The results supported the predicted mediating role of emotional communication, and various ages among Gen Y have no differences within the studied relationsh...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87925331,"asset_id":82119464,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12825222,"first_name":"Odunayo","last_name":"Salau","domain_name":"covenantuniversity","page_name":"OdunayoSalau","display_name":"Odunayo Salau","profile_url":"https://covenantuniversity.academia.edu/OdunayoSalau?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12825222/3637394/18723003/s65_odunayo.salau.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":1208617,"name":"Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainability?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10410232" data-work_id="10410232" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10410232/FOR_A_STUDY_ON_COMPOSITION_AND_DRIVERS_OF_ENERGY_PRICES_AND_COSTS_IN_ENERGY_INTENSIVE_INDUSTRIES_THE_CASE_OF_THE_CHEMICAL_INDUSTRY_AMMONIA">FOR A STUDY ON COMPOSITION AND DRIVERS OF ENERGY PRICES AND COSTS IN ENERGY INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES: THE CASE OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY - AMMONIA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10410232" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="00779d709795f8fb21f6a2f848dbf568" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36460578,"asset_id":10410232,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36460578/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25586195" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RavenSoe">Raven Soe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25586195" type="text/json">{"id":25586195,"first_name":"Raven","last_name":"Soe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RavenSoe","display_name":"Raven Soe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RavenSoe?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10410232 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10410232"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10410232, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10410232", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10410232 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10410232; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10410232"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10410232 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10410232"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10410232; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10410232]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10410232").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10410232").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10410232"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1750" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment">Assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1750" type="text/json">{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2738" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy">Renewable Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2738" type="text/json">{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5172" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Procurement">Procurement</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5172" type="text/json">{"id":5172,"name":"Procurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Procurement?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10410232]'), work: {"id":10410232,"title":"FOR A STUDY ON COMPOSITION AND DRIVERS OF ENERGY PRICES AND COSTS IN ENERGY INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES: THE CASE OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY - AMMONIA","created_at":"2015-01-31T07:28:08.745-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10410232/FOR_A_STUDY_ON_COMPOSITION_AND_DRIVERS_OF_ENERGY_PRICES_AND_COSTS_IN_ENERGY_INTENSIVE_INDUSTRIES_THE_CASE_OF_THE_CHEMICAL_INDUSTRY_AMMONIA?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_10410232","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36460578,"asset_id":10410232,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25586195,"first_name":"Raven","last_name":"Soe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RavenSoe","display_name":"Raven Soe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RavenSoe?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":5172,"name":"Procurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Procurement?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":8910,"name":"Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaluation?f_ri=373875"},{"id":13975,"name":"Contract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract?f_ri=373875"},{"id":27225,"name":"Ecodesign","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecodesign?f_ri=373875"},{"id":34411,"name":"Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Studies?f_ri=373875"},{"id":59923,"name":"European Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":140531,"name":"Framework","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Framework?f_ri=373875"},{"id":149166,"name":"Impact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Impact?f_ri=373875"},{"id":219724,"name":"Ammonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ammonia?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75288161" data-work_id="75288161" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75288161/La_Commission_politique_une_Commission_impossible_Construction_dun_paradoxe">La "Commission politique", une "Commission impossible" ? Construction d'un paradoxe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75288161" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8847067" href="https://univ-pau.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisVivienGuiot">François-Vivien Guiot</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8847067" type="text/json">{"id":8847067,"first_name":"François-Vivien","last_name":"Guiot","domain_name":"univ-pau","page_name":"FrançoisVivienGuiot","display_name":"François-Vivien Guiot","profile_url":"https://univ-pau.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisVivienGuiot?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8847067/2925844/82861984/s65_fran_ois-vivien.guiot.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75288161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75288161"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75288161, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75288161", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75288161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75288161; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75288161"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75288161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75288161"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75288161; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75288161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75288161").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75288161").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75288161"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75288161]'), work: {"id":75288161,"title":"La \"Commission politique\", une \"Commission impossible\" ? Construction d'un paradoxe","created_at":"2022-04-03T00:44:47.666-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75288161/La_Commission_politique_une_Commission_impossible_Construction_dun_paradoxe?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_75288161","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8847067,"first_name":"François-Vivien","last_name":"Guiot","domain_name":"univ-pau","page_name":"FrançoisVivienGuiot","display_name":"François-Vivien Guiot","profile_url":"https://univ-pau.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisVivienGuiot?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8847067/2925844/82861984/s65_fran_ois-vivien.guiot.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79407622" data-work_id="79407622" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79407622/Allegation_of_ethnic_minorities_from_1993_2008_an_Equal_Employment_Opportunity_Commission_EEOC_study">Allegation of ethnic minorities from 1993-2008: an Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Approximately 25% of working-aged Americans with disabilities work full or part time, yet still face discrimination despite the passing of the American&#39;s with Disabilities Act (ADA) over 20 years ago. To determine if the proportion of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79407622" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Approximately 25% of working-aged Americans with disabilities work full or part time, yet still face discrimination despite the passing of the American&#39;s with Disabilities Act (ADA) over 20 years ago. To determine if the proportion of allegations of ADA Title I workplace discrimination with merit closed at any year between 1993 and 2008 differs among Whites, African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians; to determine if there was a change over time from 1993 to 2008 in merit closure rate within each race/ethnicity group; and to determine whether changes over time between 1993 and 2008 in the merit closure rate differ among the race/ethnicity groups. Logistic regression was used for this cross-sectional panel study to model the merit closure rate for each ethnic group from 1993 to 2008 using 318,587 charging parties from the EEOC database. All ethnic groups exhibited significant changes over time in the merit closure rate. There were significant differences in the closure rates among ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79407622" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24403980" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KelliGary">Kelli Gary</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24403980" type="text/json">{"id":24403980,"first_name":"Kelli","last_name":"Gary","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KelliGary","display_name":"Kelli Gary","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KelliGary?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79407622 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79407622"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79407622, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79407622", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_79407622 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79407622; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_79407622"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_79407622 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79407622"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79407622; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79407622]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79407622").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79407622").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79407622"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11639" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Racism">Racism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11639" type="text/json">{"id":11639,"name":"Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Racism?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79407622]'), work: {"id":79407622,"title":"Allegation of ethnic minorities from 1993-2008: an Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) study","created_at":"2022-05-18T16:08:11.485-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79407622/Allegation_of_ethnic_minorities_from_1993_2008_an_Equal_Employment_Opportunity_Commission_EEOC_study?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_79407622","summary":"Approximately 25% of working-aged Americans with disabilities work full or part time, yet still face discrimination despite the passing of the American\u0026#39;s with Disabilities Act (ADA) over 20 years ago. To determine if the proportion of allegations of ADA Title I workplace discrimination with merit closed at any year between 1993 and 2008 differs among Whites, African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians; to determine if there was a change over time from 1993 to 2008 in merit closure rate within each race/ethnicity group; and to determine whether changes over time between 1993 and 2008 in the merit closure rate differ among the race/ethnicity groups. Logistic regression was used for this cross-sectional panel study to model the merit closure rate for each ethnic group from 1993 to 2008 using 318,587 charging parties from the EEOC database. All ethnic groups exhibited significant changes over time in the merit closure rate. There were significant differences in the closure rates among ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24403980,"first_name":"Kelli","last_name":"Gary","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KelliGary","display_name":"Kelli Gary","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KelliGary?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":11639,"name":"Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Racism?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":24625,"name":"Employment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employment?f_ri=373875"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=373875"},{"id":70596,"name":"Minority Groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Groups?f_ri=373875"},{"id":190053,"name":"Government Agencies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Government_Agencies?f_ri=373875"},{"id":219123,"name":"Ethnic Groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Groups?f_ri=373875"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=373875"},{"id":965044,"name":"Equal Employment Opportunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equal_Employment_Opportunity?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1971458,"name":"Disabled Persons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disabled_Persons?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77006812" data-work_id="77006812" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77006812/Seeking_Truth_in_Colombia_Perspectives_on_a_Truth_Commission">Seeking Truth in Colombia: Perspectives on a Truth Commission</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Las Comisiones de la Verdad (CV) constituyen un mecanismo de justicia transicional muy importante, pero su efectividad es difícil de medir. Este artículo sugiere tres categorías para medir el impacto de las CV: el cumplimiento de sus... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77006812" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Las Comisiones de la Verdad (CV) constituyen un mecanismo de justicia transicional muy importante, pero su efectividad es difícil de medir. Este artículo sugiere tres categorías para medir el impacto de las CV: el cumplimiento de sus mandatos y objetivos; la expedición de un reporte final; y, el logro de cierto impacto político con sus recomendaciones (Brahm, 2007; Ceballos Medina, 2009). La propuesta de una Comisión Colombiana de la Verdad expedida por el Gobierno y las FARC-EP el 4 de Junio de 2015 es analizada aquí bajo estas categorías para determinar retos y oportunidades para su implementación. Este es un ejercicio pragmático que se enfoca únicamente en la propuesta pero que reconoce que la construcción de verdad y memoria histórica depende de muchos otros aspectos de las negociaciones.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77006812" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="da2408b4a8206dba7731086fd36e250c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84508194,"asset_id":77006812,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84508194/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2493896" href="https://ovgu.academia.edu/MarisolOrtizAcosta">Marisol Ortiz Acosta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2493896" type="text/json">{"id":2493896,"first_name":"Marisol","last_name":"Ortiz Acosta","domain_name":"ovgu","page_name":"MarisolOrtizAcosta","display_name":"Marisol Ortiz Acosta","profile_url":"https://ovgu.academia.edu/MarisolOrtizAcosta?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2493896/779296/14762076/s65_marisol.ortiz_acosta.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77006812 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77006812"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77006812, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77006812", }); 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Commission</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81705278" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e72c684c9961ca946f94afe88d60b52f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87657295,"asset_id":81705278,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81574958 coauthored" data-work_id="81574958" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81574958/Should_Machine_Learning_Models_Report_to_Us_When_They_Are_Clueless">Should Machine Learning Models Report to Us When They Are Clueless?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The right to AI explainability has consolidated as a consensus in the research community and policy-making. However, a key component of explainability has been missing: extrapolation, which describes the extent to which AI models can be... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81574958" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The right to AI explainability has consolidated as a consensus in the research community and policy-making. However, a key component of explainability has been missing: extrapolation, which describes the extent to which AI models can be clueless when they encounter unfamiliar samples (i.e., samples outside a “convex hull” of their training sets, as we will explain down below). We report that AI models extrapolate outside their range of familiar data, frequently and without notifying the users and stakeholders. Knowing whether a model has extrapolated or not is a fundamental insight that should be included in explaining AI models in favor of transparency and accountability. Instead of dwelling on the negatives, we offer ways to clear the roadblocks in promoting AI transparency. Our analysis commentary accompanying practical clauses useful to include in AI regulations such as the National AI Initiative Act in the US and the AI Act by the European Commission.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81574958" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6e422e7c76bf03937b3a96fdc28439e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87572015,"asset_id":81574958,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87572015/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16825947" href="https://yale.academia.edu/XUENANCAO">XUENAN CAO</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16825947" type="text/json">{"id":16825947,"first_name":"XUENAN","last_name":"CAO","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"XUENANCAO","display_name":"XUENAN CAO","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/XUENANCAO?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16825947/4611906/64707231/s65_xuenan.cao.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-81574958">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-81574958"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://yale.academia.edu/RoozbehYousefzadeh">Roozbeh Yousefzadeh</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-81574958'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-81574958').html(); 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However, a key component of explainability has been missing: extrapolation, which describes the extent to which AI models can be clueless when they encounter unfamiliar samples (i.e., samples outside a “convex hull” of their training sets, as we will explain down below). We report that AI models extrapolate outside their range of familiar data, frequently and without notifying the users and stakeholders. Knowing whether a model has extrapolated or not is a fundamental insight that should be included in explaining AI models in favor of transparency and accountability. Instead of dwelling on the negatives, we offer ways to clear the roadblocks in promoting AI transparency. Our analysis commentary accompanying practical clauses useful to include in AI regulations such as the National AI Initiative Act in the US and the AI Act by the European Commission.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87572015,"asset_id":81574958,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16825947,"first_name":"XUENAN","last_name":"CAO","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"XUENANCAO","display_name":"XUENAN CAO","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/XUENANCAO?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16825947/4611906/64707231/s65_xuenan.cao.png"},{"id":34258826,"first_name":"Roozbeh","last_name":"Yousefzadeh","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"RoozbehYousefzadeh","display_name":"Roozbeh Yousefzadeh","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/RoozbehYousefzadeh?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer 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u-mb0x js-work-card work_81461608" data-work_id="81461608" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81461608/The_political_roles_of_the_European_Commission">The ‘political’ roles of the European Commission</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81461608" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d24d830b992535a0bdf434befe9ddcc" rel="nofollow" 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integration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1218" type="text/json">{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations">International organizations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3345" type="text/json">{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5521" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crisis_Management">Crisis Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5521" type="text/json">{"id":5521,"name":"Crisis Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crisis_Management?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new 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Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=373875"},{"id":59923,"name":"European Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":145063,"name":"Democracy in the European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_in_the_European_Union?f_ri=373875"},{"id":153430,"name":"EU institutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EU_institutions?f_ri=373875"},{"id":311437,"name":"Crisis Leadership and Response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crisis_Leadership_and_Response?f_ri=373875"},{"id":371885,"name":"Interinstitutional politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interinstitutional_politics?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":548132,"name":"European Union institutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union_institutions?f_ri=373875"},{"id":635793,"name":"International Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Organizations-1?f_ri=373875"},{"id":744641,"name":"Council of the European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Council_of_the_European_Union?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1425002,"name":"Brexit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brexit?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1626729,"name":"Juncker Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Juncker_Commission?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29811144 coauthored" data-work_id="29811144" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29811144/Introduction_How_to_Save_the_EUs_Rule_of_Law_and_Should_One_Bother">Introduction: How to Save the EU's Rule of Law and Should One Bother?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Reinforcing Rule of Law Oversight in the European Union, Carlos Closa and Dimitry Kochenov (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 2016, Forthcoming This brief paper introduces the key idea and the structure of the edited volume... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29811144" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Reinforcing Rule of Law Oversight in the European Union, Carlos Closa and Dimitry Kochenov (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 2016, Forthcoming <br /><br />This brief paper introduces the key idea and the structure of the edited volume ‘Reinforcing Rule of Law Oversight in the European Union’, which is due to be published by Cambridge University Press in 2016. This book aims to discuss the normative issues related to the role of the EU in the Rule of Law enforcement field and to list and to scrutinize innovative tools, of potential use for the Union in asserting its own values. The key scholars behind virtually all the most important proposals have participated in this volume to outline their position first-hand. In addition, the book also considers and discusses the complexity of the broader landscape of European constitutionalism to warn against any course of action which would not be extremely carefully thought over, considering the key strengths and, crucially, also notable weaknesses of the EU’s legal-political edifice. This collection of essays aims at a broad, positive outline: there are tools to solve the outstanding problems, all the words of caution notwithstanding. The detailed presentation of these tools is the core mission of this book and its key added value as we designed it. Where there are many proposals, there are bound to be many disagreements – such is life. The editors fully realize this and one of the key strengths of the book was allowing the participating scholars to engage with each-others’ methods for overcoming the common problem, the assumption being that such a dialogue, at times very polemical, will result in a more comprehensive description of the key avenues for Reinforcing the Rule of Law Oversight in the European Union. The table of contents of the edited work is attached to this article.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29811144" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="73e8895366e1e1a29d910eeec6473d8a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50274704,"asset_id":29811144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50274704/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1042958" href="https://ceu.academia.edu/DimitryKochenov">Dimitry Kochenov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1042958" type="text/json">{"id":1042958,"first_name":"Dimitry","last_name":"Kochenov","domain_name":"ceu","page_name":"DimitryKochenov","display_name":"Dimitry Kochenov","profile_url":"https://ceu.academia.edu/DimitryKochenov?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1042958/433188/35589378/s65_dimitry.kochenov.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29811144">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29811144"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://csic.academia.edu/CarlosClosa">Carlos Closa</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29811144'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29811144').html(); 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This book aims to discuss the normative issues related to the role of the EU in the Rule of Law enforcement field and to list and to scrutinize innovative tools, of potential use for the Union in asserting its own values. The key scholars behind virtually all the most important proposals have participated in this volume to outline their position first-hand. In addition, the book also considers and discusses the complexity of the broader landscape of European constitutionalism to warn against any course of action which would not be extremely carefully thought over, considering the key strengths and, crucially, also notable weaknesses of the EU’s legal-political edifice. This collection of essays aims at a broad, positive outline: there are tools to solve the outstanding problems, all the words of caution notwithstanding. The detailed presentation of these tools is the core mission of this book and its key added value as we designed it. Where there are many proposals, there are bound to be many disagreements – such is life. The editors fully realize this and one of the key strengths of the book was allowing the participating scholars to engage with each-others’ methods for overcoming the common problem, the assumption being that such a dialogue, at times very polemical, will result in a more comprehensive description of the key avenues for Reinforcing the Rule of Law Oversight in the European Union. The table of contents of the edited work is attached to this article.\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50274704,"asset_id":29811144,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1042958,"first_name":"Dimitry","last_name":"Kochenov","domain_name":"ceu","page_name":"DimitryKochenov","display_name":"Dimitry Kochenov","profile_url":"https://ceu.academia.edu/DimitryKochenov?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1042958/433188/35589378/s65_dimitry.kochenov.jpg"},{"id":329094,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Closa","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"CarlosClosa","display_name":"Carlos Closa","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/CarlosClosa?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/329094/839611/1059230/s65_carlos.closa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1306,"name":"European Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":3376,"name":"Values","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Values?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":11180,"name":"History of Hungary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Hungary?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":15419,"name":"Rule of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rule_of_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":78830,"name":"Enforcement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enforcement?f_ri=373875"},{"id":92623,"name":"Copenhagen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copenhagen?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82279290" data-work_id="82279290" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82279290/Equality_Denied_Tech_and_African_Americans">Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82279290" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on the Old Economy business model (OEBM) with its characteristic “career-with-one-company” (CWOC) employment relations. At its launching in 1965, the policy approach of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission assumed the existence of CWOC, providing corporate employees, Blacks included, with a potential path for upward socioeconomic mobility over the course of their working lives by gaining a...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82279290" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="737f3ca0ded961bf00983ef38a9b6383" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":88038332,"asset_id":82279290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88038332/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43358272" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipMoss4">Philip Moss</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43358272" type="text/json">{"id":43358272,"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Moss","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PhilipMoss4","display_name":"Philip Moss","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipMoss4?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82279290 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82279290"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82279290, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82279290", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82279290]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82279290").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82279290").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82279290"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33481" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Mobility">Social Mobility</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33481" type="text/json">{"id":33481,"name":"Social Mobility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Mobility?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="226330" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomic_Status">Socioeconomic Status</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="226330" type="text/json">{"id":226330,"name":"Socioeconomic Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomic_Status?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="965044" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equal_Employment_Opportunity">Equal Employment Opportunity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="965044" type="text/json">{"id":965044,"name":"Equal Employment Opportunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equal_Employment_Opportunity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82279290]'), work: {"id":82279290,"title":"Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans","created_at":"2022-06-27T20:03:16.685-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82279290/Equality_Denied_Tech_and_African_Americans?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_82279290","summary":"Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on the Old Economy business model (OEBM) with its characteristic “career-with-one-company” (CWOC) employment relations. At its launching in 1965, the policy approach of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission assumed the existence of CWOC, providing corporate employees, Blacks included, with a potential path for upward socioeconomic mobility over the course of their working lives by gaining a...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88038332,"asset_id":82279290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43358272,"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Moss","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PhilipMoss4","display_name":"Philip Moss","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PhilipMoss4?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":33481,"name":"Social Mobility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Mobility?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":226330,"name":"Socioeconomic Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomic_Status?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":965044,"name":"Equal Employment Opportunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equal_Employment_Opportunity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81719209" data-work_id="81719209" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81719209/Japanese_experiences_to_enhance_the_World_Commission_on_Dams_guidelines">Japanese experiences to enhance the World Commission on Dams guidelines</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81719209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df14995ab5b21b43260cad281d155b9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87666323,"asset_id":81719209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87666323/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54248197" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NakayamaM">M. 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Malaysia’s Securities Commission (SC) announced in October 2021 that over MYR 16... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80417674" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cryptocurrency is gaining popularity worldwide, with some countries already starting to regulate and accept cryptocurrency in their financial services. Malaysia’s Securities Commission (SC) announced in October 2021 that over MYR 16 billion (USD 3.85 billion) involving digital assets and cryptocurrencies were traded between August 2020 and September 2021. Since cryptocurrencies are issued by private corporations and are technically beyond the federal government’s control, criminals may use them for illegal reasons such as money laundering and terrorist funding. Consequently, it is vital to examine why investors are engaged in cryptocurrency in the first place. This study aims to provide insight into Malaysian investors’ perceptions by evaluating the influence of perceived risk and perceived value on their cryptocurrency adoption decision. The retail investors’ demographic characteristics (gender, age, education, income, and investment experience) were analyzed as control variables. ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80417674" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1014afadf53aac2ebf9fc7496b5257b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86806451,"asset_id":80417674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86806451/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="120565612" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShangeethaSukumaran">Shangeetha Sukumaran</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="120565612" type="text/json">{"id":120565612,"first_name":"Shangeetha","last_name":"Sukumaran","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ShangeethaSukumaran","display_name":"Shangeetha Sukumaran","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShangeethaSukumaran?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80417674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80417674"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80417674, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80417674", }); 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Malaysia’s Securities Commission (SC) announced in October 2021 that over MYR 16 billion (USD 3.85 billion) involving digital assets and cryptocurrencies were traded between August 2020 and September 2021. Since cryptocurrencies are issued by private corporations and are technically beyond the federal government’s control, criminals may use them for illegal reasons such as money laundering and terrorist funding. Consequently, it is vital to examine why investors are engaged in cryptocurrency in the first place. This study aims to provide insight into Malaysian investors’ perceptions by evaluating the influence of perceived risk and perceived value on their cryptocurrency adoption decision. The retail investors’ demographic characteristics (gender, age, education, income, and investment experience) were analyzed as control variables. ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86806451,"asset_id":80417674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":120565612,"first_name":"Shangeetha","last_name":"Sukumaran","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ShangeethaSukumaran","display_name":"Shangeetha Sukumaran","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ShangeethaSukumaran?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":9353,"name":"Money Laundering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Money_Laundering?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":74442,"name":"Popularity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popularity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":134527,"name":"Risks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risks?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":740091,"name":"Cryptocurrency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cryptocurrency?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80248420" data-work_id="80248420" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80248420/Proceedings_of_the_Commission_for_International_Adult_Education_CIAE_International_Pre_Conference_64th_Oklahoma_City_Oklahoma_November_15_17_2015_">Proceedings of the Commission for International Adult Education (CIAE) International Pre-Conference (64th, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, November 15-17, 2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80248420" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cb86074ffe074564cc2e43010fcd7105" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86693362,"asset_id":80248420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86693362/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54699530" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MejaiAvoseh">Mejai Avoseh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54699530" type="text/json">{"id":54699530,"first_name":"Mejai","last_name":"Avoseh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MejaiAvoseh","display_name":"Mejai Avoseh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MejaiAvoseh?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80248420 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80248420"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80248420, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80248420", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80248420]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_80248420").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_80248420").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="80248420"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=80248420]'), work: {"id":80248420,"title":"Proceedings of the Commission for International Adult Education (CIAE) International Pre-Conference (64th, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, November 15-17, 2015)","created_at":"2022-05-30T00:56:52.685-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/80248420/Proceedings_of_the_Commission_for_International_Adult_Education_CIAE_International_Pre_Conference_64th_Oklahoma_City_Oklahoma_November_15_17_2015_?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_80248420","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86693362,"asset_id":80248420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":54699530,"first_name":"Mejai","last_name":"Avoseh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MejaiAvoseh","display_name":"Mejai Avoseh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MejaiAvoseh?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82186366" data-work_id="82186366" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82186366/The_New_Zealand_Film_Commission_as_a_Government_Sponsored_Film_Producer">The New Zealand Film Commission as a Government-Sponsored Film Producer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Our aim is to build a sustainable industry which fosters opportunities for local writers, actors and production staff. Ventures like Whale Rider will produce not only the intrinsic cultural benefits from a thriving film industry, but also... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82186366" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Our aim is to build a sustainable industry which fosters opportunities for local writers, actors and production staff. Ventures like Whale Rider will produce not only the intrinsic cultural benefits from a thriving film industry, but also the tangible economic benefits in terms of ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82186366" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="71165693" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BarryKing2">Barry King</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="71165693" type="text/json">{"id":71165693,"first_name":"Barry","last_name":"King","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BarryKing2","display_name":"Barry King","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BarryKing2?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82186366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82186366"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82186366, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82186366", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_82186366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82186366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_82186366"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_82186366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82186366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82186366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82186366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82186366").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82186366").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82186366"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="799" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration">Public Administration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="799" type="text/json">{"id":799,"name":"Public Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1125" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Policy">Cultural Policy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1125" type="text/json">{"id":1125,"name":"Cultural Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Policy?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1555" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies">Film Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1555" type="text/json">{"id":1555,"name":"Film Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82186366]'), work: {"id":82186366,"title":"The New Zealand Film Commission as a Government-Sponsored Film Producer","created_at":"2022-06-24T17:59:53.567-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82186366/The_New_Zealand_Film_Commission_as_a_Government_Sponsored_Film_Producer?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_82186366","summary":"Our aim is to build a sustainable industry which fosters opportunities for local writers, actors and production staff. Ventures like Whale Rider will produce not only the intrinsic cultural benefits from a thriving film industry, but also the tangible economic benefits in terms of ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":71165693,"first_name":"Barry","last_name":"King","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BarryKing2","display_name":"Barry King","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BarryKing2?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":799,"name":"Public Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":1125,"name":"Cultural Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Policy?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":1555,"name":"Film Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":52745,"name":"Cinema Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cinema_Studies?f_ri=373875"},{"id":119168,"name":"Public Policy and Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_and_Administration?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81330358" data-work_id="81330358" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81330358/Non_compliance_and_the_European_commissions_role_in_integration">Non‐compliance and the European commission's role in integration</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract A crucial but relatively neglected area for the analysis of the role of the European Commission in European integration is the Commission&amp;#x27;s monitoring function. The examination of member states&amp;#x27; violations of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81330358" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract A crucial but relatively neglected area for the analysis of the role of the European Commission in European integration is the Commission&amp;#x27;s monitoring function. The examination of member states&amp;#x27; violations of their Treaty obligations by state and by policy ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81330358" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40723323" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MMendrinou">Maria Mendrinou</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40723323" type="text/json">{"id":40723323,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Mendrinou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MMendrinou","display_name":"Maria Mendrinou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MMendrinou?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81330358 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81330358"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81330358, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81330358", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81330358]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81330358").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81330358").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81330358"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1218" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration">European integration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1218" type="text/json">{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10347" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union">European Union</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10347" type="text/json">{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10722" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Policy_Development">Policy Development</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10722" type="text/json">{"id":10722,"name":"Policy Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Policy_Development?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81330358]'), work: {"id":81330358,"title":"Non‐compliance and the European commission's role in integration","created_at":"2022-06-12T16:35:20.259-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81330358/Non_compliance_and_the_European_commissions_role_in_integration?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81330358","summary":"Abstract A crucial but relatively neglected area for the analysis of the role of the European Commission in European integration is the Commission\u0026amp;#x27;s monitoring function. The examination of member states\u0026amp;#x27; violations of their Treaty obligations by state and by policy ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40723323,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Mendrinou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MMendrinou","display_name":"Maria Mendrinou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MMendrinou?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10722,"name":"Policy Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Policy_Development?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":59923,"name":"European Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":259621,"name":"European Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Public_Policy?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1355250,"name":"Member States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Member_States?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76761782" data-work_id="76761782" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76761782/Archaeological_Survey_and_Subsurface_Testing_at_Kanoa_Estate_Lands_Niumalu_Kauai">Archaeological Survey and Subsurface Testing at Kanoa Estate Lands, Niumalu, Kaua`i</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76761782" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31945100" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FolkWilliam">William Folk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31945100" type="text/json">{"id":31945100,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Folk","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FolkWilliam","display_name":"William Folk","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FolkWilliam?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76761782 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76761782"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76761782, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76761782", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76761782 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76761782; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76761782"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76761782 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76761782"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76761782; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76761782]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76761782").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76761782").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76761782"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76761782]'), work: {"id":76761782,"title":"Archaeological Survey and Subsurface Testing at Kanoa Estate Lands, Niumalu, Kaua`i","created_at":"2022-04-17T19:12:40.543-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76761782/Archaeological_Survey_and_Subsurface_Testing_at_Kanoa_Estate_Lands_Niumalu_Kauai?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_76761782","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31945100,"first_name":"William","last_name":"Folk","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FolkWilliam","display_name":"William Folk","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FolkWilliam?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75488055" data-work_id="75488055" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75488055/The_Commission_s_Power_to_Withdraw_Legislative_Proposals_and_its_Parliamentarisation_Between_Technical_and_Political_Grounds">The Commission’s Power to Withdraw Legislative Proposals and its ‘Parliamentarisation’, Between Technical and Political Grounds</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">European Commission – Monopoly on legislative initiative – Power to withdraw legislative proposals, as recognised and limited by the Court of Justice – Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making – European Parliament Rules of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75488055" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">European Commission – Monopoly on legislative initiative – Power to withdraw legislative proposals, as recognised and limited by the Court of Justice – Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making – European Parliament Rules of Procedure – Interinstitutional programming procedures – Technical and political usages of the withdrawal – Question of confidence in national parliamentary systems – National Parliaments and Early Warning System – Parliamentarisation of the decision to withdraw – Principle of institutional balance</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75488055" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1099701" href="https://luiss.academia.edu/NicolaLupo">Nicola Lupo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1099701" type="text/json">{"id":1099701,"first_name":"Nicola","last_name":"Lupo","domain_name":"luiss","page_name":"NicolaLupo","display_name":"Nicola Lupo","profile_url":"https://luiss.academia.edu/NicolaLupo?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1099701/16968232/125354008/s65_nicola.lupo.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75488055 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75488055"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75488055, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75488055", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75488055 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75488055; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75488055"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75488055 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75488055"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75488055; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75488055]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75488055").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75488055").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75488055"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10558" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Constitutional_Law">European Constitutional Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10558" type="text/json">{"id":10558,"name":"European Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Constitutional_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75488055]'), work: {"id":75488055,"title":"The Commission’s Power to Withdraw Legislative Proposals and its ‘Parliamentarisation’, Between Technical and Political Grounds","created_at":"2022-04-04T23:02:07.620-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75488055/The_Commission_s_Power_to_Withdraw_Legislative_Proposals_and_its_Parliamentarisation_Between_Technical_and_Political_Grounds?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_75488055","summary":"European Commission – Monopoly on legislative initiative – Power to withdraw legislative proposals, as recognised and limited by the Court of Justice – Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making – European Parliament Rules of Procedure – Interinstitutional programming procedures – Technical and political usages of the withdrawal – Question of confidence in national parliamentary systems – National Parliaments and Early Warning System – Parliamentarisation of the decision to withdraw – Principle of institutional balance","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1099701,"first_name":"Nicola","last_name":"Lupo","domain_name":"luiss","page_name":"NicolaLupo","display_name":"Nicola Lupo","profile_url":"https://luiss.academia.edu/NicolaLupo?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1099701/16968232/125354008/s65_nicola.lupo.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10558,"name":"European Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Constitutional_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":771508,"name":"Legislature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legislature?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82269493" data-work_id="82269493" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82269493/An_Audit_of_Emergency_Department_Accreditation_Based_on_Joint_Commission_International_Standards_JCI_">An Audit of Emergency Department Accreditation Based on Joint Commission International Standards (JCI)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: Despite thousands of years from creation of medical knowledge, it not much passes from founding the health care systems. Accreditation is an effective mechanism for performance evaluation, quality enhancement, and the safety... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82269493" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: Despite thousands of years from creation of medical knowledge, it not much passes from founding the health care systems. Accreditation is an effective mechanism for performance evaluation, quality enhancement, and the safety of health care systems. This study was conducted to assess the results of emergency department (ED) accreditation in Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2013 in terms of domesticated standards of joint commission international (JCI) standards. Methods: This cohort study with a four-month follow up was conducted in the ED of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in 2013. The standard evaluation checklist of Iran hospitals (based on JCI standards) included 24 heading and 337 subheading was used for this purpose. The effective possible causes of weak spots were found and their solutions considered. After correction, assessment of accreditation were repeated again. Finally, the achieved results of two periods were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Qu...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82269493" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83b36a32d9f196c95fbffb4dffa59579" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":88031517,"asset_id":82269493,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88031517/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="155961578" href="https://independent.academia.edu/maryammotamedi1">maryam motamedi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="155961578" type="text/json">{"id":155961578,"first_name":"maryam","last_name":"motamedi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"maryammotamedi1","display_name":"maryam motamedi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/maryammotamedi1?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82269493 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82269493"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82269493, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82269493", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82269493]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82269493").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82269493").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82269493"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4441" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care">Health Care</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4441" type="text/json">{"id":4441,"name":"Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9745" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Improvement">Quality Improvement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9745" type="text/json">{"id":9745,"name":"Quality Improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Improvement?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accreditation">Accreditation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12106" type="text/json">{"id":12106,"name":"Accreditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accreditation?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82269493]'), work: {"id":82269493,"title":"An Audit of Emergency Department Accreditation Based on Joint Commission International Standards (JCI)","created_at":"2022-06-27T11:29:36.861-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82269493/An_Audit_of_Emergency_Department_Accreditation_Based_on_Joint_Commission_International_Standards_JCI_?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_82269493","summary":"Introduction: Despite thousands of years from creation of medical knowledge, it not much passes from founding the health care systems. Accreditation is an effective mechanism for performance evaluation, quality enhancement, and the safety of health care systems. This study was conducted to assess the results of emergency department (ED) accreditation in Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2013 in terms of domesticated standards of joint commission international (JCI) standards. Methods: This cohort study with a four-month follow up was conducted in the ED of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in 2013. The standard evaluation checklist of Iran hospitals (based on JCI standards) included 24 heading and 337 subheading was used for this purpose. The effective possible causes of weak spots were found and their solutions considered. After correction, assessment of accreditation were repeated again. Finally, the achieved results of two periods were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Qu...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88031517,"asset_id":82269493,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":155961578,"first_name":"maryam","last_name":"motamedi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"maryammotamedi1","display_name":"maryam motamedi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/maryammotamedi1?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4441,"name":"Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":9745,"name":"Quality Improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Improvement?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":12106,"name":"Accreditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accreditation?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":59918,"name":"Quality Assurance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Assurance?f_ri=373875"},{"id":95850,"name":"Audit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Audit?f_ri=373875"},{"id":112818,"name":"Hospital","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hospital?f_ri=373875"},{"id":126747,"name":"Emergency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":537971,"name":"Emergency Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Services?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81849144" data-work_id="81849144" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81849144/Prairie_Vice_Reflecting_on_Robson_s_Report_of_the_Royal_Commission_on_Charges_Re_Vice_and_of_Graft_Against_the_Police_A_Winnipeg_Study">Prairie Vice: Reflecting on Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission on Charges Re Vice and of Graft Against the Police - A Winnipeg Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Using the foundational tenets undergirding Commissioner Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission on Charges Re Vice and of Graft Against the Police from 1911, we review the critiques from academics and activist groups in response to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81849144" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Using the foundational tenets undergirding Commissioner Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission on Charges Re Vice and of Graft Against the Police from 1911, we review the critiques from academics and activist groups in response to the Harper government-era legislation that endures to this day, espousing a new model for the criminalization of sex work. We contrast our findings with the conceptions of sex work contained in the Report using a Winnipeg-based sample. We share the results of our survey and reveal that our participants demonstrated multivalent and complex reactions to the legislative provisions of the scheme. Our findings show that participants held complex and divergent views regarding the individual provisions under the legislation and the attendant policy rationales. We also found a gendered variation in responses, with men generally being more supportive of the legalization of sex work than women. Importantly, many of the concepts and foundations that motivated Robson...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81849144" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="120958835" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichelleBertrand5">Michelle Bertrand</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="120958835" type="text/json">{"id":120958835,"first_name":"Michelle","last_name":"Bertrand","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichelleBertrand5","display_name":"Michelle Bertrand","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichelleBertrand5?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/120958835/30046122/27892285/s65_michelle.bertrand.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81849144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81849144"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81849144, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81849144", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81849144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81849144").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81849144").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81849144"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="535" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1">Criminal Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="535" type="text/json">{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3772" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History">Legal History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3772" type="text/json">{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81849144]'), work: {"id":81849144,"title":"Prairie Vice: Reflecting on Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission on Charges Re Vice and of Graft Against the Police - A Winnipeg Study","created_at":"2022-06-19T15:47:47.570-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81849144/Prairie_Vice_Reflecting_on_Robson_s_Report_of_the_Royal_Commission_on_Charges_Re_Vice_and_of_Graft_Against_the_Police_A_Winnipeg_Study?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81849144","summary":"Using the foundational tenets undergirding Commissioner Robson’s Report of the Royal Commission on Charges Re Vice and of Graft Against the Police from 1911, we review the critiques from academics and activist groups in response to the Harper government-era legislation that endures to this day, espousing a new model for the criminalization of sex work. We contrast our findings with the conceptions of sex work contained in the Report using a Winnipeg-based sample. We share the results of our survey and reveal that our participants demonstrated multivalent and complex reactions to the legislative provisions of the scheme. Our findings show that participants held complex and divergent views regarding the individual provisions under the legislation and the attendant policy rationales. We also found a gendered variation in responses, with men generally being more supportive of the legalization of sex work than women. Importantly, many of the concepts and foundations that motivated Robson...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":120958835,"first_name":"Michelle","last_name":"Bertrand","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichelleBertrand5","display_name":"Michelle Bertrand","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichelleBertrand5?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/120958835/30046122/27892285/s65_michelle.bertrand.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":535,"name":"Criminal Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminal_Law-1?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":15011,"name":"Sex Work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Work?f_ri=373875"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80849669" data-work_id="80849669" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80849669/Omission_and_Commission_as_Marketplace_Trauma">Omission and Commission as Marketplace Trauma</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article discusses the concepts of omission and commission as marketplace trauma within the theoretical framework of cultural trauma theory. The authors identify the meanings and processes of the people, activities, and outcomes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80849669" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article discusses the concepts of omission and commission as marketplace trauma within the theoretical framework of cultural trauma theory. The authors identify the meanings and processes of the people, activities, and outcomes likely when marketplace omission and/or commission occur, as well as the factors that elevate these events from collective to cultural trauma. The authors use concepts of social structure, collective practices, and collective discourse in exploring the interconnectivity of marketplace traumas and their actors, victims, and consequences (i.e., constrained consumption, damaged marketing systems, and institutional privilege). They then leverage the same framework to propose further research and corrective actions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80849669" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28e041d80a84e8cac5d7ad63044d71d3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87093825,"asset_id":80849669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87093825/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16894722" href="https://independent.academia.edu/khareapoorv">apoorv khare</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16894722" type="text/json">{"id":16894722,"first_name":"apoorv","last_name":"khare","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"khareapoorv","display_name":"apoorv khare","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/khareapoorv?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80849669 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80849669"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80849669, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80849669", }); 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The authors identify the meanings and processes of the people, activities, and outcomes likely when marketplace omission and/or commission occur, as well as the factors that elevate these events from collective to cultural trauma. The authors use concepts of social structure, collective practices, and collective discourse in exploring the interconnectivity of marketplace traumas and their actors, victims, and consequences (i.e., constrained consumption, damaged marketing systems, and institutional privilege). 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Delo se osredotoča predvsem na odnos med Judi in britansko oblastjo. Velika Britanija je z mandatom, ki je bil mednarodno sprejet leta 1922, sprejela težko nalogo,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79573607" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Diplomsko delo obravnava obdobje britanskega mandata od leta 1917 do 1948. Delo se osredotoča predvsem na odnos med Judi in britansko oblastjo. Velika Britanija je z mandatom, ki je bil mednarodno sprejet leta 1922, sprejela težko nalogo, saj je ves čas morala posredovati med judovskim in arabskim prebivalstvom, ki je nove priseljence sprejemalo z nezadovoljstvom. Stalno je prihajalo do nemirov, ki jih je oblast poskušala rešiti s preiskovalnimi komisijami in z belimi knjigami, ki so ponujale rešitve. Ko so Judje v 40. letih ugotovili, da oblast ne deluje več v korist sionističnih ciljev, so se judovske vojaške skupine združile v odporniško gibanje, ki je oslabilo britansko oblast in z raznimi incidenti pritegnilo mednarodno javnost. Ko Velika Britanija ni bila več sposobna ohranjati reda, je mandat vrnila Združenim narodom, ki so po dolgotrajnih pogovorih in pogajanjih končno prišli do rešitve. Palestina je bila razdeljena na dve neodvisni državi in 15. maja 1948 se je britanska ob...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79573607" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="036f5ddb5c07d6ccdfe436ce204322fe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86242274,"asset_id":79573607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86242274/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31383162" href="https://zgodovina-ff-uni-lj.academia.edu/SabinaNo%C4%8D">Sabina Noč</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31383162" type="text/json">{"id":31383162,"first_name":"Sabina","last_name":"Noč","domain_name":"zgodovina-ff-uni-lj","page_name":"SabinaNoč","display_name":"Sabina Noč","profile_url":"https://zgodovina-ff-uni-lj.academia.edu/SabinaNo%C4%8D?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31383162/9253150/10315648/s65_sabina.no_.jpg_oh_7a96557c700d6f58d9b53af47e99cb69_oe_55cf8f20___gda___1443615388_a336143322fbf6873f9a8ee985a719e3"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79573607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79573607"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79573607, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79573607", }); 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Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Justice">Economic Justice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5793" type="text/json">{"id":5793,"name":"Economic Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Justice?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82307653]'), work: {"id":82307653,"title":"A Military Justice Solution in Search of a Problem: 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href="https://www.academia.edu/82221498/Testimony_Concerning_the_Conditionof_Religious_Freedom_in_Hungary_Submitted_to_the_U_S_Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe_The_Helsinki_Commission_">Testimony Concerning the Conditionof Religious Freedom in Hungary, Submitted to the U.S. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (The Helsinki Commission)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82221498" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="662a6648595b4afb6e5da40159f100c6" rel="nofollow" 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David Baer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HDavidBaer?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52874380/162477620/152240671/s65_h._david.baer.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82221498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82221498"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82221498, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82221498", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_82221498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82221498; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_82221498"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_82221498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82221498"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82221498; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82221498]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82221498").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82221498").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82221498"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="382" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_European_Studies">Eastern European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="382" type="text/json">{"id":382,"name":"Eastern European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_European_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82221498]'), work: {"id":82221498,"title":"Testimony Concerning the Conditionof Religious Freedom in Hungary, Submitted to the U.S. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (The Helsinki Commission)","created_at":"2022-06-26T03:20:27.592-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82221498/Testimony_Concerning_the_Conditionof_Religious_Freedom_in_Hungary_Submitted_to_the_U_S_Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe_The_Helsinki_Commission_?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_82221498","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87996929,"asset_id":82221498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52874380,"first_name":"H. David","last_name":"Baer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HDavidBaer","display_name":"H. David Baer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HDavidBaer?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52874380/162477620/152240671/s65_h._david.baer.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":382,"name":"Eastern European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_European_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81631105" data-work_id="81631105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81631105/Contracting_Creativity">Contracting Creativity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">For centuries, the production and exchange of Renaissance paintings took place under a commission system. Disagreements arose between patrons and artists over what the finished product should look like. In such circumstances, the patron... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81631105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">For centuries, the production and exchange of Renaissance paintings took place under a commission system. Disagreements arose between patrons and artists over what the finished product should look like. In such circumstances, the patron may try to impose restrictions on the artist’s creative freedom. We study contractual solutions to creative disagreements in Renaissance art markets using a sample of 90 commission documents (1285-1530). We investigate the determinants of creative freedom by comparing the length of the description of the final painting with a number of variables capturing painter-, patron-, and commission-specific characteristics. Our results suggest that corporate patrons are positively associated with creative freedom as compared to individual patrons. We also find evidence that the reputation of the painter (at commission) and larger compensations are negatively associated with creative freedom.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81631105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="10b9682c3a84eb41ce5f024454f19943" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87608964,"asset_id":81631105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87608964/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68678545" href="https://samford.academia.edu/ClaraJace">Clara E . Piano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68678545" type="text/json">{"id":68678545,"first_name":"Clara","last_name":"Piano","domain_name":"samford","page_name":"ClaraJace","display_name":"Clara E . Piano","profile_url":"https://samford.academia.edu/ClaraJace?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68678545/30115755/38911007/s65_clara.jace.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81631105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81631105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81631105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81631105", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81631105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81631105; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81631105"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81631105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81631105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81631105; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81631105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81631105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81631105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81631105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1751" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity">Creativity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1751" type="text/json">{"id":1751,"name":"Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5081" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Painting">Painting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5081" type="text/json">{"id":5081,"name":"Painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Painting?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48977" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reputation">Reputation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48977" type="text/json">{"id":48977,"name":"Reputation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reputation?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81631105]'), work: {"id":81631105,"title":"Contracting Creativity","created_at":"2022-06-16T08:25:17.470-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81631105/Contracting_Creativity?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81631105","summary":"For centuries, the production and exchange of Renaissance paintings took place under a commission system. Disagreements arose between patrons and artists over what the finished product should look like. In such circumstances, the patron may try to impose restrictions on the artist’s creative freedom. We study contractual solutions to creative disagreements in Renaissance art markets using a sample of 90 commission documents (1285-1530). We investigate the determinants of creative freedom by comparing the length of the description of the final painting with a number of variables capturing painter-, patron-, and commission-specific characteristics. Our results suggest that corporate patrons are positively associated with creative freedom as compared to individual patrons. We also find evidence that the reputation of the painter (at commission) and larger compensations are negatively associated with creative freedom.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87608964,"asset_id":81631105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68678545,"first_name":"Clara","last_name":"Piano","domain_name":"samford","page_name":"ClaraJace","display_name":"Clara E . Piano","profile_url":"https://samford.academia.edu/ClaraJace?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68678545/30115755/38911007/s65_clara.jace.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1751,"name":"Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":5081,"name":"Painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Painting?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":48977,"name":"Reputation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reputation?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":663091,"name":"The Renaissance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Renaissance?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81461599" data-work_id="81461599" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81461599/Is_the_European_Commission_Really_in_Decline">Is the European Commission Really in Decline?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81461599" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a0eb710f9b3c5c4c14578f78f07654b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87496825,"asset_id":81461599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87496825/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5515517" href="https://su-se.academia.edu/MarkRhinard">Mark Rhinard</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5515517" type="text/json">{"id":5515517,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Rhinard","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"MarkRhinard","display_name":"Mark Rhinard","profile_url":"https://su-se.academia.edu/MarkRhinard?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5515517/2426795/12452108/s65_mark.rhinard.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81461599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81461599"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81461599, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81461599", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81461599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81461599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81461599"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81461599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81461599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81461599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81461599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81461599").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81461599").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81461599"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1218" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration">European integration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1218" type="text/json">{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81461599]'), work: {"id":81461599,"title":"Is the European Commission Really in Decline?","created_at":"2022-06-14T04:21:31.791-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81461599/Is_the_European_Commission_Really_in_Decline?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81461599","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87496825,"asset_id":81461599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5515517,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Rhinard","domain_name":"su-se","page_name":"MarkRhinard","display_name":"Mark Rhinard","profile_url":"https://su-se.academia.edu/MarkRhinard?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5515517/2426795/12452108/s65_mark.rhinard.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=373875"},{"id":59923,"name":"European Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":153430,"name":"EU institutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EU_institutions?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81307954" data-work_id="81307954" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81307954/_Was_it_really_just_poor_communication_Lessons_from_the_Santer_Commissions_resignation_">“Was it really just ‘poor communication'? Lessons from the Santer Commission's resignation”</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Some interpretations given of the Santer commission ‘s resignation were that the Commission was unable to manage the crisis, and especially because of its “poor communication” skills. On the one hand, this paper shows that this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81307954" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Some interpretations given of the Santer commission ‘s resignation were that the Commission was unable to manage the crisis, and especially because of its “poor communication” skills. On the one hand, this paper shows that this interpretation is wrong. The problem of this crisis is not a communication problem, but a legitimisation problem. And this legitimisation problem is due to a more general transformation of the European political game, which led to a dynamic of disintegration of its allies. But on the other hand, one could say that the interpretation of poor communication is nevertheless interesting in a very particular meaning. Considering these changes, one can think that the European Commission Communication has been wrong-footed by the politicisation of the European Institutions which was in process in this crisis. In other word, this crisis led us to think to the link between legitimisation and construction of political practices in the EU institutions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81307954" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="890a30e5561aa2e9d1c2a22a31b56e2f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87397405,"asset_id":81307954,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87397405/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="329123" href="https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/DidierGeorgakakis">Didier Georgakakis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="329123" type="text/json">{"id":329123,"first_name":"Didier","last_name":"Georgakakis","domain_name":"univ-paris1","page_name":"DidierGeorgakakis","display_name":"Didier Georgakakis","profile_url":"https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/DidierGeorgakakis?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/329123/96490/17239597/s65_didier.georgakakis.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81307954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81307954"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81307954, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81307954", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81307954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81307954; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81307954"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81307954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81307954"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81307954; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81307954]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81307954").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81307954").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81307954"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10311" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Politics">European Politics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10311" type="text/json">{"id":10311,"name":"European Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Politics?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81307954]'), work: {"id":81307954,"title":"“Was it really just ‘poor communication'? Lessons from the Santer Commission's resignation”","created_at":"2022-06-12T09:11:17.655-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81307954/_Was_it_really_just_poor_communication_Lessons_from_the_Santer_Commissions_resignation_?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81307954","summary":"Some interpretations given of the Santer commission ‘s resignation were that the Commission was unable to manage the crisis, and especially because of its “poor communication” skills. On the one hand, this paper shows that this interpretation is wrong. The problem of this crisis is not a communication problem, but a legitimisation problem. And this legitimisation problem is due to a more general transformation of the European political game, which led to a dynamic of disintegration of its allies. But on the other hand, one could say that the interpretation of poor communication is nevertheless interesting in a very particular meaning. Considering these changes, one can think that the European Commission Communication has been wrong-footed by the politicisation of the European Institutions which was in process in this crisis. In other word, this crisis led us to think to the link between legitimisation and construction of political practices in the EU institutions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87397405,"asset_id":81307954,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":329123,"first_name":"Didier","last_name":"Georgakakis","domain_name":"univ-paris1","page_name":"DidierGeorgakakis","display_name":"Didier Georgakakis","profile_url":"https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/DidierGeorgakakis?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/329123/96490/17239597/s65_didier.georgakakis.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10311,"name":"European Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Politics?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79871562" data-work_id="79871562" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79871562/Bible_Study_of_Mission_and_Discipleship_in_the_Great_Commission_and_Its_Implications_for_Todays_Christian_Life">Bible Study of Mission and Discipleship in the Great Commission and Its Implications for Today's Christian Life</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Christianity in the spiritual growth and quantity of the church cannot be separated from believers who carry out the mandate of the Great Commission. But in the accompanying journey of God there is not much that can be done by believers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79871562" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Christianity in the spiritual growth and quantity of the church cannot be separated from believers who carry out the mandate of the Great Commission. But in the accompanying journey of God there is not much that can be done by believers in mission and discipleship. So with that focus and purpose of this research is to answer the research question of how the Bible study of mission and discipleship in the Great Commission and its implications for Christian life today. While the problem that occurs in this research work is how Discipleship and mission are not properly understood in the current era so that many prioritize mission but override discipleship or vice versa. But the benefits of this research are: first, the importance of mission in the Great Commission, then the importance of discipleship for believers and continuity and the last implies mission and discipleship as life priorities. To describe the biblical study of mission and discipleship in the Great Commission and its imp...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79871562" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5584500dc5f78fa052d16cefe87a0c75" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86440784,"asset_id":79871562,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86440784/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="99846451" href="https://missionuniversity.academia.edu/YonatanAlexArifianto">Yonatan Alex Arifianto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="99846451" type="text/json">{"id":99846451,"first_name":"Yonatan","last_name":"Alex Arifianto","domain_name":"missionuniversity","page_name":"YonatanAlexArifianto","display_name":"Yonatan Alex Arifianto","profile_url":"https://missionuniversity.academia.edu/YonatanAlexArifianto?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/99846451/32434615/38788642/s65_yonatan.alex_arifianto.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79871562 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79871562"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79871562, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79871562", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79871562]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79871562").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79871562").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79871562"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79871562]'), work: {"id":79871562,"title":"Bible Study of Mission and Discipleship in the Great Commission and Its Implications for Today's Christian Life","created_at":"2022-05-25T00:31:46.434-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79871562/Bible_Study_of_Mission_and_Discipleship_in_the_Great_Commission_and_Its_Implications_for_Todays_Christian_Life?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_79871562","summary":"Christianity in the spiritual growth and quantity of the church cannot be separated from believers who carry out the mandate of the Great Commission. But in the accompanying journey of God there is not much that can be done by believers in mission and discipleship. So with that focus and purpose of this research is to answer the research question of how the Bible study of mission and discipleship in the Great Commission and its implications for Christian life today. While the problem that occurs in this research work is how Discipleship and mission are not properly understood in the current era so that many prioritize mission but override discipleship or vice versa. But the benefits of this research are: first, the importance of mission in the Great Commission, then the importance of discipleship for believers and continuity and the last implies mission and discipleship as life priorities. To describe the biblical study of mission and discipleship in the Great Commission and its imp...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86440784,"asset_id":79871562,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":99846451,"first_name":"Yonatan","last_name":"Alex Arifianto","domain_name":"missionuniversity","page_name":"YonatanAlexArifianto","display_name":"Yonatan Alex Arifianto","profile_url":"https://missionuniversity.academia.edu/YonatanAlexArifianto?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/99846451/32434615/38788642/s65_yonatan.alex_arifianto.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76945264" data-work_id="76945264" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76945264/_Silent_victims_royal_commission_recommends_better_protections_for_child_victims_of_family_violence">‘Silent victims’: royal commission recommends better protections for child victims of family violence</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Among the Victorian Royal Commission into Family Violence’s most important recommendations is the powerful acknowledgement that family violence has devastating effects on children. Commissioner Marcia Neave described children as the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76945264" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Among the Victorian Royal Commission into Family Violence’s most important recommendations is the powerful acknowledgement that family violence has devastating effects on children. Commissioner Marcia Neave described children as the “silent victims” of family violence.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76945264" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="532607" href="https://monash.academia.edu/KateFitzGibbon">Kate Fitz-Gibbon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="532607" type="text/json">{"id":532607,"first_name":"Kate","last_name":"Fitz-Gibbon","domain_name":"monash","page_name":"KateFitzGibbon","display_name":"Kate Fitz-Gibbon","profile_url":"https://monash.academia.edu/KateFitzGibbon?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/532607/352480/19707649/s65_kate.fitz-gibbon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76945264 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76945264"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76945264, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76945264", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76945264]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76945264").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76945264").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76945264"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="189" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminology">Criminology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="189" type="text/json">{"id":189,"name":"Criminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1663" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestic_Violence">Domestic Violence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1663" type="text/json">{"id":1663,"name":"Domestic Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestic_Violence?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108852" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childhood_Trauma">Childhood Trauma</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="108852" type="text/json">{"id":108852,"name":"Childhood Trauma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childhood_Trauma?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76945264]'), work: {"id":76945264,"title":"‘Silent victims’: royal commission recommends better protections for child victims of family violence","created_at":"2022-04-19T05:20:11.030-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76945264/_Silent_victims_royal_commission_recommends_better_protections_for_child_victims_of_family_violence?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_76945264","summary":"Among the Victorian Royal Commission into Family Violence’s most important recommendations is the powerful acknowledgement that family violence has devastating effects on children. Commissioner Marcia Neave described children as the “silent victims” of family violence.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":532607,"first_name":"Kate","last_name":"Fitz-Gibbon","domain_name":"monash","page_name":"KateFitzGibbon","display_name":"Kate Fitz-Gibbon","profile_url":"https://monash.academia.edu/KateFitzGibbon?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/532607/352480/19707649/s65_kate.fitz-gibbon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":189,"name":"Criminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":1663,"name":"Domestic Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestic_Violence?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":108852,"name":"Childhood Trauma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childhood_Trauma?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":378964,"name":"Violence Against Women and Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence_Against_Women_and_Children?f_ri=373875"},{"id":815525,"name":"Children`s Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childrens_Rights-1?f_ri=373875"},{"id":2581786,"name":"Child Victims of Domestic Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child_Victims_of_Domestic_Violence?f_ri=373875"},{"id":3536942,"name":"The Conversation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Conversation?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75253246" data-work_id="75253246" itemscope="itemscope" 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yakar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/yakarmurat?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9970721" data-work_id="9970721" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9970721/SELECTION_OF_THE_MOST_SUITABLE_SIZES_OF_GROUND_CONTROL_POINTS_IN_THE_SATELLITE_IMAGES">SELECTION OF THE MOST SUITABLE SIZES OF GROUND CONTROL POINTS IN THE SATELLITE IMAGES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24238152" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Yakar">Murat Yakar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24238152" type="text/json">{"id":24238152,"first_name":"Murat","last_name":"Yakar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Yakar","display_name":"Murat Yakar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Yakar?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9970721 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9970721"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new 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type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9970721]'), work: {"id":9970721,"title":"SELECTION OF THE MOST SUITABLE SIZES OF GROUND CONTROL POINTS IN THE SATELLITE IMAGES","created_at":"2015-01-01T09:23:18.513-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9970721/SELECTION_OF_THE_MOST_SUITABLE_SIZES_OF_GROUND_CONTROL_POINTS_IN_THE_SATELLITE_IMAGES?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_9970721","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47587109,"asset_id":9970721,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24238152,"first_name":"Murat","last_name":"Yakar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Yakar","display_name":"Murat Yakar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Yakar?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82314885" data-work_id="82314885" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82314885/Atypical_forms_of_employment_in_the_aviation_sector_European_social_dialogue_European_Commission_2015">Atypical forms of employment in the aviation sector', European social dialogue, European Commission, 2015</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The liberalisation of the European aviation market and the emergence of new business models– e.g. low-cost airlines – has given rise to numerous trends in contemporary employment relations concluded vis-a-vis pilots and cabin crew... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82314885" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The liberalisation of the European aviation market and the emergence of new business models– e.g. low-cost airlines – has given rise to numerous trends in contemporary employment relations concluded vis-a-vis pilots and cabin crew members. On the one hand this evolution significantly increased and facilitated the competitive nature of the aviation industry to the benefit of individual consumers in what concerns not only price, but equally so, accessibility. On the other hand however, atypical forms of employment (atypical for this study is every form of employment other than an open-ended employment contract) are increasingly prevalent within the aviation industry as a result thereof, including, amongst others, self-employment, fixed-term work, work via temporary work agencies as well as zero-hour contracts and pay-to-fly schemes. Whilst from a legal perspective, atypical forms of employment may not necessarily be problematic, there is rising concern that the application and usage t...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82314885" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8d1ca32d7ad33e7eaa27871a37d0d36f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":88063686,"asset_id":82314885,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88063686/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4312422" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoyceConinck">Joyce Coninck</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4312422" type="text/json">{"id":4312422,"first_name":"Joyce","last_name":"Coninck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoyceConinck","display_name":"Joyce Coninck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoyceConinck?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4312422/1725316/2066887/s65_joyce.coninck.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82314885 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82314885"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82314885, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82314885", }); 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On the one hand this evolution significantly increased and facilitated the competitive nature of the aviation industry to the benefit of individual consumers in what concerns not only price, but equally so, accessibility. On the other hand however, atypical forms of employment (atypical for this study is every form of employment other than an open-ended employment contract) are increasingly prevalent within the aviation industry as a result thereof, including, amongst others, self-employment, fixed-term work, work via temporary work agencies as well as zero-hour contracts and pay-to-fly schemes. Whilst from a legal perspective, atypical forms of employment may not necessarily be problematic, there is rising concern that the application and usage t...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88063686,"asset_id":82314885,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4312422,"first_name":"Joyce","last_name":"Coninck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoyceConinck","display_name":"Joyce Coninck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoyceConinck?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4312422/1725316/2066887/s65_joyce.coninck.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82105391" data-work_id="82105391" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82105391/Commission_de_V%C3%A9rification_des_Pouvoirs">Commission de Vérification des Pouvoirs</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82105391" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="218109846" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GiangHuong153">Giang Huong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="218109846" type="text/json">{"id":218109846,"first_name":"Giang","last_name":"Huong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiangHuong153","display_name":"Giang Huong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiangHuong153?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/218109846/76329940/64852836/s65_giang.huong.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82105391 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82105391"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82105391, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82105391", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82105391]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82105391").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82105391").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82105391"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82105391]'), work: {"id":82105391,"title":"Commission de Vérification des Pouvoirs","created_at":"2022-06-23T08:24:03.298-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82105391/Commission_de_V%C3%A9rification_des_Pouvoirs?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_82105391","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":218109846,"first_name":"Giang","last_name":"Huong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiangHuong153","display_name":"Giang Huong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiangHuong153?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/218109846/76329940/64852836/s65_giang.huong.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81943559" data-work_id="81943559" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81943559/The_Influence_of_Reasonableness_on_the_Element_of_Conduct_in_Delictual_or_Tort_Liability_Comparative_Conclusions">The Influence of "Reasonableness" on the Element of Conduct in Delictual or Tort Liability - Comparative Conclusions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this contribution the influence of reasonableness on the element of conduct in the South African law of delict will be analysed and compared with the requirement of some form of conduct in English tort law, American tort law and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81943559" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this contribution the influence of reasonableness on the element of conduct in the South African law of delict will be analysed and compared with the requirement of some form of conduct in English tort law, American tort law and the French law of delict. Fundamental similarities and differences among the different legal systems must be considered. France and South Africa follow a generalising approach to determining a delict while English and American law have a system of separate torts. Even though English and American law do not explicitly refer to the requirement of conduct in tort law, it is generally implicitly required. This is the case whether one is dealing with the tort of negligence or the intentional torts. In French law too, a fait générateur (a generating, triggering, wrongful act or event) generally must also be present in order to ground delictual liability. The concept of fait générateur is broader than the concept of conduct found in the other jurisdictions in th...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81943559" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1d96a757301cac1127d234b4798bcf4f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87810863,"asset_id":81943559,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87810863/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="67063109" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RaheelAhmed34">Raheel Ahmed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="67063109" type="text/json">{"id":67063109,"first_name":"Raheel","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaheelAhmed34","display_name":"Raheel Ahmed","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaheelAhmed34?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67063109/17451733/17534102/s65_raheel.ahmed.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81943559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81943559"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81943559, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81943559", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81943559]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81943559").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81943559").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81943559"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10490" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Law">French Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10490" type="text/json">{"id":10490,"name":"French Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15795" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delict">Delict</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15795" type="text/json">{"id":15795,"name":"Delict","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delict?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29206" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_law">English law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29206" type="text/json">{"id":29206,"name":"English law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81943559]'), work: {"id":81943559,"title":"The Influence of \"Reasonableness\" on the Element of Conduct in Delictual or Tort Liability - Comparative Conclusions","created_at":"2022-06-20T20:15:18.060-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81943559/The_Influence_of_Reasonableness_on_the_Element_of_Conduct_in_Delictual_or_Tort_Liability_Comparative_Conclusions?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81943559","summary":"In this contribution the influence of reasonableness on the element of conduct in the South African law of delict will be analysed and compared with the requirement of some form of conduct in English tort law, American tort law and the French law of delict. Fundamental similarities and differences among the different legal systems must be considered. France and South Africa follow a generalising approach to determining a delict while English and American law have a system of separate torts. Even though English and American law do not explicitly refer to the requirement of conduct in tort law, it is generally implicitly required. This is the case whether one is dealing with the tort of negligence or the intentional torts. In French law too, a fait générateur (a generating, triggering, wrongful act or event) generally must also be present in order to ground delictual liability. The concept of fait générateur is broader than the concept of conduct found in the other jurisdictions in th...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87810863,"asset_id":81943559,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":67063109,"first_name":"Raheel","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RaheelAhmed34","display_name":"Raheel Ahmed","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RaheelAhmed34?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67063109/17451733/17534102/s65_raheel.ahmed.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":10490,"name":"French Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":15795,"name":"Delict","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delict?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":29206,"name":"English law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":66786,"name":"Strict Liability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strict_Liability?f_ri=373875"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network?f_ri=373875"},{"id":105700,"name":"South African Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_African_Law?f_ri=373875"},{"id":113116,"name":"Tort","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tort?f_ri=373875"},{"id":165392,"name":"Voluntary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voluntary?f_ri=373875"},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":376394,"name":"Liability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liability?f_ri=373875"},{"id":591852,"name":"Reasonableness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reasonableness?f_ri=373875"},{"id":627861,"name":"American Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Law?f_ri=373875"},{"id":716210,"name":"Omission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Omission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":856234,"name":"Conduct","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conduct?f_ri=373875"},{"id":3097074,"name":"Involuntary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Involuntary?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81901014" data-work_id="81901014" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81901014/Analysis_of_NCLAT_s_Functioning_as_Competition_Law_Appellate_Tribunal">Analysis of NCLAT’s Functioning as Competition Law Appellate Tribunal</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper, we present a critical analysis of the functioning of the appellate authority of the Competition Commission of India (CCI). Specifically, we evaluate the performance of the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) —... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81901014" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper, we present a critical analysis of the functioning of the appellate authority of the Competition Commission of India (CCI). Specifically, we evaluate the performance of the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) — the current appellate for competition law in India — by comparing and contrasting its functioning with that of the erstwhile Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT). We use data from publicly available sources such as annual reports of CCI, NCLAT’s website, etc., as well as replies to the Right to Information (RTI) applications construed and filed by the authors of this paper. We suggest a remedial orientation in this paper to enable a resolution of the hurdles in the present mode of appeals and move forward while minimising deliberations on the apportionment of fault for the present modalities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81901014" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1e60a304a32f9c400cb8e2f9912c2647" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87782953,"asset_id":81901014,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87782953/download_file?st=MTczMjc0NzQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="212396630" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MEB139ABHISHEKRAJ">ME B 139 ABHISHEK RAJ</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="212396630" type="text/json">{"id":212396630,"first_name":"ME B 139 ABHISHEK","last_name":"RAJ","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MEB139ABHISHEKRAJ","display_name":"ME B 139 ABHISHEK RAJ","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MEB139ABHISHEKRAJ?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/212396630/71519988/59966201/s65_me_b_139_abhishek.raj.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81901014 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81901014"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81901014, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81901014", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81901014 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81901014; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81901014"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81901014 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81901014"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81901014; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81901014]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81901014").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81901014").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81901014"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2709" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition_Law">Competition Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2709" type="text/json">{"id":2709,"name":"Competition Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="182316" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remedial_Education">Remedial Education</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="182316" type="text/json">{"id":182316,"name":"Remedial Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remedial_Education?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81901014]'), work: {"id":81901014,"title":"Analysis of NCLAT’s Functioning as Competition Law Appellate Tribunal","created_at":"2022-06-20T06:24:06.877-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81901014/Analysis_of_NCLAT_s_Functioning_as_Competition_Law_Appellate_Tribunal?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81901014","summary":"In this paper, we present a critical analysis of the functioning of the appellate authority of the Competition Commission of India (CCI). Specifically, we evaluate the performance of the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) — the current appellate for competition law in India — by comparing and contrasting its functioning with that of the erstwhile Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT). We use data from publicly available sources such as annual reports of CCI, NCLAT’s website, etc., as well as replies to the Right to Information (RTI) applications construed and filed by the authors of this paper. We suggest a remedial orientation in this paper to enable a resolution of the hurdles in the present mode of appeals and move forward while minimising deliberations on the apportionment of fault for the present modalities.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87782953,"asset_id":81901014,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":212396630,"first_name":"ME B 139 ABHISHEK","last_name":"RAJ","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MEB139ABHISHEKRAJ","display_name":"ME B 139 ABHISHEK RAJ","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MEB139ABHISHEKRAJ?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/212396630/71519988/59966201/s65_me_b_139_abhishek.raj.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":2709,"name":"Competition Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Competition_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":182316,"name":"Remedial Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remedial_Education?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1293739,"name":"Tribunal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tribunal?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81890794" data-work_id="81890794" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81890794/Comment_on_the_Report_of_the_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Darfur_to_the_United_Nations_Secretary_General">Comment on the Report of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur to the United Nations Secretary-General</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The crisis in Darfur, Sudan, which led to the establishment of the International Commission of Inquiry, began in late 2002 when two rebel movements, motivated by the socio-economic and political marginalisation of Darfur, began attacking... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81890794" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The crisis in Darfur, Sudan, which led to the establishment of the International Commission of Inquiry, began in late 2002 when two rebel movements, motivated by the socio-economic and political marginalisation of Darfur, began attacking police offices and government installations.1 The rebels are mainly drawn from the Fur, Massalit and Zaghawa tribes;2 sedentary African farmers, who have a history of clashes over land with the camel and cattle herding nomads of the Arab tribes.3 Having insufficient military resources to deal with the threat posed by the African rebels, the Government of Sudan called upon Arab nomadic tribes to assist in fighting them.4 Those Arabs who answered the Government call became known as the ‘Janjaweed’, ‘a traditional Darfurian term denoting an armed bandit or outlaw on a horse or camel’,5 a term which has become synonymous with a militia conducting attacks on civilians rather than rebels. They have killed thousands of civilians, destroyed hundreds of villages and caused the internal displacement of about two million people.6 The tribes particularly targeted by these attacks are the three aforementioned African tribes.7 In September 2004, the Security Council determined that the Government of Sudan had not fulfilled its commitments under an earlier resolution to disarm the Janjaweed and to bring those leaders responsible for atrocities to justice.8 The Council found that the situation in Sudan constituted a threat to international peace and security, and requested that the Secretary-General establish an International Commission of Inquiry (‘the Commission’) in order to ‘investigate reports of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law in Darfur by all parties, to determine also whether or not acts of genocide have occurred, and to identify the perpetrators of such violations with a view to ensuring that those responsible are held accountable’.9 The Secretary-General established the Commission under the Chairmanship of Professor Antonio Cassese and required it to report by 25 January 2005.10</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81890794" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10763490" href="https://cardiff.academia.edu/ChristineByron">Christine Byron</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10763490" type="text/json">{"id":10763490,"first_name":"Christine","last_name":"Byron","domain_name":"cardiff","page_name":"ChristineByron","display_name":"Christine Byron","profile_url":"https://cardiff.academia.edu/ChristineByron?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10763490/3227633/3798457/s65_christine.byron.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81890794 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81890794"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81890794, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81890794", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81890794 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81890794; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81890794"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81890794 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81890794"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81890794; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81890794]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81890794").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81890794").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81890794"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2169" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_Law">Human Rights Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2169" type="text/json">{"id":2169,"name":"Human Rights Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81890794]'), work: {"id":81890794,"title":"Comment on the Report of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur to the United Nations Secretary-General","created_at":"2022-06-20T04:07:02.440-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81890794/Comment_on_the_Report_of_the_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Darfur_to_the_United_Nations_Secretary_General?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81890794","summary":"The crisis in Darfur, Sudan, which led to the establishment of the International Commission of Inquiry, began in late 2002 when two rebel movements, motivated by the socio-economic and political marginalisation of Darfur, began attacking police offices and government installations.1 The rebels are mainly drawn from the Fur, Massalit and Zaghawa tribes;2 sedentary African farmers, who have a history of clashes over land with the camel and cattle herding nomads of the Arab tribes.3 Having insufficient military resources to deal with the threat posed by the African rebels, the Government of Sudan called upon Arab nomadic tribes to assist in fighting them.4 Those Arabs who answered the Government call became known as the ‘Janjaweed’, ‘a traditional Darfurian term denoting an armed bandit or outlaw on a horse or camel’,5 a term which has become synonymous with a militia conducting attacks on civilians rather than rebels. They have killed thousands of civilians, destroyed hundreds of villages and caused the internal displacement of about two million people.6 The tribes particularly targeted by these attacks are the three aforementioned African tribes.7 In September 2004, the Security Council determined that the Government of Sudan had not fulfilled its commitments under an earlier resolution to disarm the Janjaweed and to bring those leaders responsible for atrocities to justice.8 The Council found that the situation in Sudan constituted a threat to international peace and security, and requested that the Secretary-General establish an International Commission of Inquiry (‘the Commission’) in order to ‘investigate reports of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law in Darfur by all parties, to determine also whether or not acts of genocide have occurred, and to identify the perpetrators of such violations with a view to ensuring that those responsible are held accountable’.9 The Secretary-General established the Commission under the Chairmanship of Professor Antonio Cassese and required it to report by 25 January 2005.10","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10763490,"first_name":"Christine","last_name":"Byron","domain_name":"cardiff","page_name":"ChristineByron","display_name":"Christine Byron","profile_url":"https://cardiff.academia.edu/ChristineByron?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10763490/3227633/3798457/s65_christine.byron.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":2169,"name":"Human Rights Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_Law?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875"},{"id":1191197,"name":"K","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/K-81322682009?f_ri=373875"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81828323" data-work_id="81828323" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81828323/The_Perspective_of_the_Venice_Commission">The Perspective of the Venice Commission</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this contribution the work of the European Commission for Democracy through Law—better known as the Venice Commission—is discussed. While the Venice Commission has had few possibilities to examine the relationship between a domestic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81828323" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this contribution the work of the European Commission for Democracy through Law—better known as the Venice Commission—is discussed. While the Venice Commission has had few possibilities to examine the relationship between a domestic legal order and the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights, an opportunity arose when the Venice Commission was asked to deliver an opinion on the 2015 amendments to the Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. This chapter will give a brief description of the Russian law concerned, of the opinion adopted by the Venice Commission, and of some subsequent developments in the practice of the Russian Constitutional Court after the adoption of the Venice Commission’s opinion. This contribution will conclude by addressing some of the possible underlying reasons why the supremacy doctrine under international law (and Article 46 ECHR more specifically) is under attack by ‘constitutional law exceptions’ and ‘nationa...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81828323" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60211319" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MartinKuijer">Martin Kuijer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60211319" type="text/json">{"id":60211319,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Kuijer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartinKuijer","display_name":"Martin Kuijer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartinKuijer?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60211319/18302899/18270460/s65_martin.kuijer.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81828323 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81828323"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81828323, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81828323", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81828323 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81828323; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81828323"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81828323 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81828323"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81828323; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81828323]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81828323").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81828323").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81828323"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81828323]'), work: {"id":81828323,"title":"The Perspective of the Venice Commission","created_at":"2022-06-19T08:31:32.608-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81828323/The_Perspective_of_the_Venice_Commission?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81828323","summary":"In this contribution the work of the European Commission for Democracy through Law—better known as the Venice Commission—is discussed. While the Venice Commission has had few possibilities to examine the relationship between a domestic legal order and the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights, an opportunity arose when the Venice Commission was asked to deliver an opinion on the 2015 amendments to the Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. This chapter will give a brief description of the Russian law concerned, of the opinion adopted by the Venice Commission, and of some subsequent developments in the practice of the Russian Constitutional Court after the adoption of the Venice Commission’s opinion. This contribution will conclude by addressing some of the possible underlying reasons why the supremacy doctrine under international law (and Article 46 ECHR more specifically) is under attack by ‘constitutional law exceptions’ and ‘nationa...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60211319,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Kuijer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartinKuijer","display_name":"Martin Kuijer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartinKuijer?f_ri=373875","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60211319/18302899/18270460/s65_martin.kuijer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81693649" data-work_id="81693649" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81693649/A_collaborative_educational_effort_between_the_University_of_Texas_at_Austin_and_three_historically_black_colleges_and_universities_funded_by_the_Office_of_Naval_Research_and_the_Nuclear_Regulatory_Commission">A collaborative educational effort between the University of Texas at Austin and three historically black colleges and universities funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81693649" 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InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81693649"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81693649, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81693649", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81693649 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81693649; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81693649"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81693649 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81693649"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81693649; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81693649]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81693649").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81693649").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81693649"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="373875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission">Commission</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="373875" type="text/json">{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81693649]'), work: {"id":81693649,"title":"A collaborative educational effort between the University of Texas at Austin and three historically black colleges and universities funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission","created_at":"2022-06-17T05:36:43.707-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81693649/A_collaborative_educational_effort_between_the_University_of_Texas_at_Austin_and_three_historically_black_colleges_and_universities_funded_by_the_Office_of_Naval_Research_and_the_Nuclear_Regulatory_Commission?f_ri=373875","dom_id":"work_81693649","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50903305,"first_name":"Rose","last_name":"Stiffin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RoseStiffin","display_name":"Rose Stiffin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RoseStiffin?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false},{"id":373875,"name":"Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commission?f_ri=373875","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81453863" data-work_id="81453863" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81453863/Whale_watching_the_Buenos_Aires_Group_and_the_politics_of_the_International_Whaling_Commission">Whale watching, the Buenos Aires Group and the politics of the International Whaling Commission</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">ABSTRACT</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81453863" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="97589828" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JenniferBailey35">Jennifer Bailey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="97589828" type="text/json">{"id":97589828,"first_name":"Jennifer","last_name":"Bailey","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JenniferBailey35","display_name":"Jennifer Bailey","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JenniferBailey35?f_ri=373875","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81453863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81453863"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81453863, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81453863", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81453863 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 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