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href="https://www.academia.edu/117667701/Experimental_measurements_and_theoretical_prediction_for_the_volumetric_heat_transfer_coefficient_of_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Experimental measurements and theoretical prediction for the volumetric heat transfer coefficient of a three-phase direct contact condenser" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/113465675/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/117667701/Experimental_measurements_and_theoretical_prediction_for_the_volumetric_heat_transfer_coefficient_of_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser">Experimental measurements and theoretical prediction for the volumetric heat transfer coefficient of a three-phase direct contact condenser</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer</span><span>, Aug 1, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1d78cd0c74019c5c213339dd01ad2100" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":113465675,"asset_id":117667701,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/113465675/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="117667701"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa 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class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/113003939/The_effect_of_salinity_on_the_pressure_susceptibility_of_the_NF270_membrane">The effect of salinity on the pressure susceptibility of the NF270 membrane</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Desalination</span><span>, Oct 1, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper is open access at the DOI: To avoid structural changes within nanofiltration membranes...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper is open access at the DOI: To avoid structural changes within nanofiltration membranes during operation, pre-compaction of filtration membranes is usually <br />performed. However, even after pre-compaction, the NF270 membrane has previously been shown to display a level of pressure susceptibility in pure water systems, particularly evident at low pressures. For the first time, this study provides experimental evidence for the effect of salinity on the pressure susceptibility of the NF270 membrane. Permeability was shown to decrease with increasing salinity up to 189 mM MgSO4, with the largest reduction (22 %) observed at the lowest MgSO4 concentration (31.49 mM MgSO4). A significant reduction (35 %) in the membrane susceptibility was also observed following the introduction of MgSO4 to a concentration of 31.49 mM. A mathematical expression, developed for pure water systems, was modified to account for salinity effects and fitted the experimental data well for concentrations up to 0.2 M. These results are explained by compaction of the membrane polymer, due to either charge neutralisation at the membrane surface, or electric double layer compression, or both. However, further increases in salinity had no significant effect on membrane susceptibility, suggesting that salt induced membrane compaction occurs at very low concentrations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5b1812be45342d6a13e6775369965ff7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":110174414,"asset_id":113003939,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110174414/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="113003939"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="113003939"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003939; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003939]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003939]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003939; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='113003939']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 113003939, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5b1812be45342d6a13e6775369965ff7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=113003939]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":113003939,"title":"The effect of salinity on the pressure susceptibility of the NF270 membrane","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.116804","abstract":"This paper is open access at the DOI: To avoid structural changes within nanofiltration membranes during operation, pre-compaction of filtration membranes is usually \r\nperformed. 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Technology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In a net-zero emissions scenario, a secure supply of electricity involves renewable generators th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In a net-zero emissions scenario, a secure supply of electricity involves renewable generators that can flexibly increase their production when needed. Currently, electricity generation from biogas in the water industry is most commonly at a steady level, given Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is traditionally operated in steady state. This research demonstrated at different scales that demand-driven biogas production from AD of sewage sludge is feasible. Performance parameters are not negatively affected by a flexible feeding schedule and stability parameters show transitional imbalances that do not threaten the overall process. This paper presents the trial implementation in digesters of volume 3800 m3, which became permanent. Economic and environmental benefits exist; however, in order to unlock the full potential of flexible electricity generation from sewage sludge, synergies between technical, operational and political factors in the water and energy sectors need to be developed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="75105c430e791c4ed1b57d0c35f8bfa7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":110081727,"asset_id":113003912,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110081727/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="113003912"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="113003912"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003912; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003912]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003912; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='113003912']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 113003912, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "75105c430e791c4ed1b57d0c35f8bfa7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=113003912]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":113003912,"title":"Implementation at full scale of demand-driven biogas production from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In a net-zero emissions scenario, a secure supply of electricity involves renewable generators that can flexibly increase their production when needed. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="103791258"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/103791258/Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat Transfer Measurements in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Condenser for Energy Production and Water Desalination" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/103791258/Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination">Heat Transfer Measurements in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Condenser for Energy Production and Water Desalination</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carried out using a 70-cm-high Perspex tube with a 4-cm inner diameter. The active direct contact condenser comprised 48 cm. Pentane vapour at three initial temperatures (40℃,43.5℃, and 47.5℃) and water at a constant temperature (19℃) were used as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, with different mass flow rate ratios. The results showed that the continuous phase outlet temperature increased with increasing mass flow rate ratio. On the contrary, the continuous phase temperature decreased with increases in the continuous mass flow rate. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase slightly affected the direct contact condenser output, which confirms a latent phase effect in this type of heat exchanger.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="103791258"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="103791258"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103791258; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103791258]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103791258]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103791258; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='103791258']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 103791258, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=103791258]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":103791258,"title":"Heat Transfer Measurements in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Condenser for Energy Production and Water Desalination","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carried out using a 70-cm-high Perspex tube with a 4-cm inner diameter. The active direct contact condenser comprised 48 cm. Pentane vapour at three initial temperatures (40℃,43.5℃, and 47.5℃) and water at a constant temperature (19℃) were used as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, with different mass flow rate ratios. The results showed that the continuous phase outlet temperature increased with increasing mass flow rate ratio. On the contrary, the continuous phase temperature decreased with increases in the continuous mass flow rate. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase slightly affected the direct contact condenser output, which confirms a latent phase effect in this type of heat exchanger.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carried out using a 70-cm-high Perspex tube with a 4-cm inner diameter. The active direct contact condenser comprised 48 cm. Pentane vapour at three initial temperatures (40℃,43.5℃, and 47.5℃) and water at a constant temperature (19℃) were used as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, with different mass flow rate ratios. The results showed that the continuous phase outlet temperature increased with increasing mass flow rate ratio. On the contrary, the continuous phase temperature decreased with increases in the continuous mass flow rate. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase slightly affected the direct contact condenser output, which confirms a latent phase effect in this type of heat exchanger.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103791258/Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-06-23T23:40:19.894-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer"},{"id":19517,"name":"Heat Exchanger","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Exchanger"},{"id":53158,"name":"Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99030448"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030448/Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224992/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030448/Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit">Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Water Science and Technology</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3·h−1 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water&#39;s strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE·m−3. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE·m−3 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very l...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e4f192dcd08fd930ed5ff5f912d8fa69" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100224992,"asset_id":99030448,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224992/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99030448"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99030448"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030448; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99030448]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99030448]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030448; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99030448']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 99030448, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e4f192dcd08fd930ed5ff5f912d8fa69" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99030448]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99030448,"title":"Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3·h−1 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water\u0026#39;s strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE·m−3. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE·m−3 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very l...","publisher":"IWA Publishing","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"translated_abstract":"A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3·h−1 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water\u0026#39;s strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE·m−3. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE·m−3 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very l...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99030448/Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-24T04:59:32.784-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100224992,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224992/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wst077102482.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224992/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100224992/wst077102482-libre.pdf?1679662002=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTreatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=GNKN4e-TbTPxQA1aVnxd1uCOZh68Thw7Q4uG~OGfVZ-em2ME-4era9JA36P2L~CfmSmG5kCSFtyFPOl2AWcfSBsznfZohN46wf3yV~s2i6KiGBiOcu-iNlxVFKsJXNxGFU5OW6yXJp7Vt2rM8cISbn222y1NgDXlnLzXrHBm2HvBUYJkN4ZZYbx5KhSKhY8z68PM5-BoZRAS~tKWSuW8oVxYsItksHso0wxusiQvVy1PdTCUu2KUaKNhEqk1TzUvvE2JYchn3zBO1Ae3vCb-hLFnPUtWjn4x--ZUXYNTW3fLH9Wcigin-ZE4JJ2UMXG44ye4Z3a8-xKVsOI7x3zo2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[{"id":100224992,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224992/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wst077102482.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224992/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100224992/wst077102482-libre.pdf?1679662002=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTreatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=GNKN4e-TbTPxQA1aVnxd1uCOZh68Thw7Q4uG~OGfVZ-em2ME-4era9JA36P2L~CfmSmG5kCSFtyFPOl2AWcfSBsznfZohN46wf3yV~s2i6KiGBiOcu-iNlxVFKsJXNxGFU5OW6yXJp7Vt2rM8cISbn222y1NgDXlnLzXrHBm2HvBUYJkN4ZZYbx5KhSKhY8z68PM5-BoZRAS~tKWSuW8oVxYsItksHso0wxusiQvVy1PdTCUu2KUaKNhEqk1TzUvvE2JYchn3zBO1Ae3vCb-hLFnPUtWjn4x--ZUXYNTW3fLH9Wcigin-ZE4JJ2UMXG44ye4Z3a8-xKVsOI7x3zo2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":100224993,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224993/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wst077102482.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224993/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100224993/wst077102482-libre.pdf?1679662004=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTreatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=B7ytHUa-iY6lh0xPOapx-noDn7m4uyjml6Q~AAzUMBAUhb4gcbMEeygQq4vw6CdKN09dDO2OAilknsFvK2kda2Iwt9Vtd0opAMkXHFHwkkLpaaZWCjKD9eQ0-HdrUEBvk4~Kj5fxff3fsrgqxqVRBFJhaUuG7E4Nxv4F5vE31c9A0fuWXGodhEJ4trIkPSCq2CEbDTsdW6BxNBJGaR6b8Jgqv5xUJ46a1W0JDzIG8mmN7DDo3oYruPLO~uEGT4K6TDV8Df6xGclaqOh0NnCvLgKO62WXn3AWLneNxYbhKIpYQ92edkh2yXofQz~JmkDekhp-AwoBG6d4iL0GMfRiWg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":16122,"name":"Activated Sludge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activated_Sludge"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":39753,"name":"Activated Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activated_Carbon"},{"id":355464,"name":"Water Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Science_and_Technology"},{"id":551896,"name":"Sewage Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sewage_Treatment"}],"urls":[{"id":30036902,"url":"http://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/77/10/2482/234973/wst077102482.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99030444"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030444/Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat transfer measurement in a three-phase direct-contact condenser under flooding conditions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100225010/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030444/Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions">Heat transfer measurement in a three-phase direct-contact condenser under flooding conditions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Thermal Engineering</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ab05fa6ecf1535bdd4deee71855ff1c4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100225010,"asset_id":99030444,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100225010/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99030444"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99030444"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030444; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99030444]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99030444]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030444; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99030444']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 99030444, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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The flooding mechanism and the factors affecting the onset of flooding of the three-phase direct contact column are not considered. A short Perspex column of 70 cm total height and 4 cm internal diameter utilising two immiscible fluids was studied. Pentane vapour with initial temperatures of 40°C, 43.5°C and 47.5℃ was the dispersed phase and tap water at a constant temperature (19℃) was the continuous phase. Only 48 cm of the column was used as the active height and different mass flow rates of both phases were used. The experimental results showed that the instantaneous temperature distribution along the direct contact column tends to be uniform when the direct contact column is working under flooding conditions. Furthermore, the volumetric heat transfer coefficient increases as the dispersed mass flow rate is increased towards the flooding limit and remains constant along the column height. In addition, the dispersed phase mass flow rate that leads to flooding increased with increasing mass flow rate of the continuous phase. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase did not have a considerable effect on the flooding inception limit under the present experimental conditions.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":100225010},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99030444/Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-24T04:59:12.303-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100225010,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100225010/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100225010/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100225010/MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201-libre.pdf?1679662004=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=eRiSL9LslRAgxdewYKIMnUyfXnnZNgYXybBTlV-y5yInSAzqfmuB1owOG31laWjXZ3QUI7EJk9Id5QPXyj8dqPmhgnAfclbrgr98cmZz8EFw-Qn~R9mCur2v5Dq12S71Jg0eDxCZv0jzRtiLu~Qi9r18KqWVNexknfrVrmPMToSbIqs3GFT6mg8uXYJ3ijK0rxejq3caTuMUYdT0MIV0AaPDffwPWoQ55kzeS68SMAQeygzAszUVmgtlk0mQ6w5YwfSbKFZzx0ZXMkMtB4~~v75mqeW0H0toxX3Q0gvGkQuzqgglSdr~-A03goFGT5chWU~LtsCnjLVqNaZLe1pbug__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[{"id":100225010,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100225010/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100225010/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100225010/MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201-libre.pdf?1679662004=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=eRiSL9LslRAgxdewYKIMnUyfXnnZNgYXybBTlV-y5yInSAzqfmuB1owOG31laWjXZ3QUI7EJk9Id5QPXyj8dqPmhgnAfclbrgr98cmZz8EFw-Qn~R9mCur2v5Dq12S71Jg0eDxCZv0jzRtiLu~Qi9r18KqWVNexknfrVrmPMToSbIqs3GFT6mg8uXYJ3ijK0rxejq3caTuMUYdT0MIV0AaPDffwPWoQ55kzeS68SMAQeygzAszUVmgtlk0mQ6w5YwfSbKFZzx0ZXMkMtB4~~v75mqeW0H0toxX3Q0gvGkQuzqgglSdr~-A03goFGT5chWU~LtsCnjLVqNaZLe1pbug__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering"},{"id":641466,"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Thermal_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":30036901,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1359431115013009?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92932255"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92932255/Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigating the effect of an alternative feedstock on the performance of sludge powered generators: developing a theoretical model and analysing trial data" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92932255/Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data">Investigating the effect of an alternative feedstock on the performance of sludge powered generators: developing a theoretical model and analysing trial data</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Ther...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) as feed. Data from the trials with THP product sludge at Thames Water&#39;s Crossness SPGs was subject to data analysis by converting the trial data into flows of operating cost. Sludge is a mixture of many chemicals and these would be very time consuming to analyse for combustion performance in full detail. Therefore sludge has been simplified to a mixture of water and a single combustible chemical component (coniferyl alcohol) with the same heat of combustion as water-free sludge and roughly the right elemental analysis. This simplification enables the thermal behaviour of the combustion, including its tendency to extinguish without support fuel, to be captured. Both the simplified model and the data analysis from the trial show the THP product sludge is a viable fuel which produces a net financial benefit to the SPG’s operation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92932255"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92932255"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92932255; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92932255]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92932255]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92932255; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92932255']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92932255, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92932255]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92932255,"title":"Investigating the effect of an alternative feedstock on the performance of sludge powered generators: developing a theoretical model and analysing trial data","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) as feed. Data from the trials with THP product sludge at Thames Water\u0026#39;s Crossness SPGs was subject to data analysis by converting the trial data into flows of operating cost. Sludge is a mixture of many chemicals and these would be very time consuming to analyse for combustion performance in full detail. Therefore sludge has been simplified to a mixture of water and a single combustible chemical component (coniferyl alcohol) with the same heat of combustion as water-free sludge and roughly the right elemental analysis. This simplification enables the thermal behaviour of the combustion, including its tendency to extinguish without support fuel, to be captured. Both the simplified model and the data analysis from the trial show the THP product sludge is a viable fuel which produces a net financial benefit to the SPG’s operation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) as feed. Data from the trials with THP product sludge at Thames Water\u0026#39;s Crossness SPGs was subject to data analysis by converting the trial data into flows of operating cost. Sludge is a mixture of many chemicals and these would be very time consuming to analyse for combustion performance in full detail. Therefore sludge has been simplified to a mixture of water and a single combustible chemical component (coniferyl alcohol) with the same heat of combustion as water-free sludge and roughly the right elemental analysis. This simplification enables the thermal behaviour of the combustion, including its tendency to extinguish without support fuel, to be captured. Both the simplified model and the data analysis from the trial show the THP product sludge is a viable fuel which produces a net financial benefit to the SPG’s operation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92932255/Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-15T00:35:49.577-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":6263,"name":"Combustion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combustion"},{"id":14085,"name":"Waste Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Waste_Management"},{"id":38423,"name":"Process Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Engineering"},{"id":67661,"name":"Sewage sludge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sewage_sludge"},{"id":185242,"name":"Raw Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raw_Material"}],"urls":[{"id":27050474,"url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/841739/1/Investigating%20the%20effect%20of%20an%20alternative%20feedstock%20on%20the%20performance%20of%20sludge%20powered%20generators.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88220635"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88220635/Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lumped Kinetic Modelling of Polyolefin Pyrolysis: A Non-Isothermal Method to Estimate Rate Constants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88220635/Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants">Lumped Kinetic Modelling of Polyolefin Pyrolysis: A Non-Isothermal Method to Estimate Rate Constants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumpe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumped kinetic model for predicting the product distribution of wax, oil and gas yields. A non-isothermal method was established, in which a sample is heated in a tube reactor to a desired temperature at a constant rate of temperature rise. This method avoided the error present in the heating up stage which is inherent in any practical isothermal method in which reaction proceeds to a significant extent before the operating temperatures of polyolefin pyrolysis are reached, which results in challenges when defining the reaction time. The non-isothermal measurements were conducted between 450 and 550 °C for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and the temperature and lump yields are non-linearly regressed to achieve the kinetic parameters. The measured kinetic rate constants have the same trend as those reported in the literature using the isothermal method, but are lower than the values reported at similar conditions. The kinetic parameters derived are then validated by using isothermal experimental data. The calculated data using the measured kinetic parameters are generally in agreement with the experimental data. The non-isothermal method established in this work proves to be a much faster method for the measurement of intrinsic rate constants at high temperatures.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88220635"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88220635"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88220635; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88220635]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88220635]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88220635; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88220635']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88220635, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88220635]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88220635,"title":"Lumped Kinetic Modelling of Polyolefin Pyrolysis: A Non-Isothermal Method to Estimate Rate Constants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2022.105530","abstract":"The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumped kinetic model for predicting the product distribution of wax, oil and gas yields. A non-isothermal method was established, in which a sample is heated in a tube reactor to a desired temperature at a constant rate of temperature rise. This method avoided the error present in the heating up stage which is inherent in any practical isothermal method in which reaction proceeds to a significant extent before the operating temperatures of polyolefin pyrolysis are reached, which results in challenges when defining the reaction time. The non-isothermal measurements were conducted between 450 and 550 °C for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and the temperature and lump yields are non-linearly regressed to achieve the kinetic parameters. The measured kinetic rate constants have the same trend as those reported in the literature using the isothermal method, but are lower than the values reported at similar conditions. The kinetic parameters derived are then validated by using isothermal experimental data. The calculated data using the measured kinetic parameters are generally in agreement with the experimental data. The non-isothermal method established in this work proves to be a much faster method for the measurement of intrinsic rate constants at high temperatures.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},"translated_abstract":"The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumped kinetic model for predicting the product distribution of wax, oil and gas yields. A non-isothermal method was established, in which a sample is heated in a tube reactor to a desired temperature at a constant rate of temperature rise. This method avoided the error present in the heating up stage which is inherent in any practical isothermal method in which reaction proceeds to a significant extent before the operating temperatures of polyolefin pyrolysis are reached, which results in challenges when defining the reaction time. The non-isothermal measurements were conducted between 450 and 550 °C for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and the temperature and lump yields are non-linearly regressed to achieve the kinetic parameters. The measured kinetic rate constants have the same trend as those reported in the literature using the isothermal method, but are lower than the values reported at similar conditions. The kinetic parameters derived are then validated by using isothermal experimental data. The calculated data using the measured kinetic parameters are generally in agreement with the experimental data. The non-isothermal method established in this work proves to be a much faster method for the measurement of intrinsic rate constants at high temperatures.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88220635/Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-10T02:36:13.586-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"}],"urls":[{"id":24663178,"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165237022001000?via=ihub"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010211"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010211/Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Anaerobic digestion of untreated and treated process water from the hydrothermal carbonisation of spent coffee grounds" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010211/Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds">Anaerobic digestion of untreated and treated process water from the hydrothermal carbonisation of spent coffee grounds</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Chemosphere</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digest...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digestion of process waters (PW) from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of spent coffee grounds. At an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.4 gCOD L-1 d-1, initial instability was seen, but after 40 days and supplementary alkalinity, the digestion stabilised with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the untreated PW degraded with 37.8-64.6% efficiency and the yield of methane at 0.16 L gCOD-1. An increase in OLR to 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1 caused a collapse in biogas production, and resulted in severe instability in the reactor, characterised by falling pH and an increasing volatile fatty acid concentration. Comparatively, the digestion of a treated PW (concentrated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis after removal of the fouling fraction), at OLR between 0.4 and 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1, was stable over the entire 117 days of treated PW addition, yielded methane at 0.21 L gCOD-1 and the COD was degraded with an average efficiency of 93.5% - the highest efficiency the authors have seen for HTC PW. Further anaerobic digestion of untreated PW at an average OLR of 0.95 gCOD L-1 d-1 was stable for 38 days, with an average COD degradation of 69.6%, and methane production between 0.15 and 0.19 L gCOD-1. The digestion of treated PW produced significantly higher COD degradation and methane yield than untreated PW, which is likely to be related to the removal of refractory and inhibitory organic material in the post-HTC treatment by adsorption of hydrophobic material.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010211"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010211"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010211; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010211]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010211]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010211; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81010211']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81010211, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81010211]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81010211,"title":"Anaerobic digestion of untreated and treated process water from the hydrothermal carbonisation of spent coffee grounds","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digestion of process waters (PW) from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of spent coffee grounds. At an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.4 gCOD L-1 d-1, initial instability was seen, but after 40 days and supplementary alkalinity, the digestion stabilised with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the untreated PW degraded with 37.8-64.6% efficiency and the yield of methane at 0.16 L gCOD-1. An increase in OLR to 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1 caused a collapse in biogas production, and resulted in severe instability in the reactor, characterised by falling pH and an increasing volatile fatty acid concentration. Comparatively, the digestion of a treated PW (concentrated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis after removal of the fouling fraction), at OLR between 0.4 and 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1, was stable over the entire 117 days of treated PW addition, yielded methane at 0.21 L gCOD-1 and the COD was degraded with an average efficiency of 93.5% - the highest efficiency the authors have seen for HTC PW. Further anaerobic digestion of untreated PW at an average OLR of 0.95 gCOD L-1 d-1 was stable for 38 days, with an average COD degradation of 69.6%, and methane production between 0.15 and 0.19 L gCOD-1. The digestion of treated PW produced significantly higher COD degradation and methane yield than untreated PW, which is likely to be related to the removal of refractory and inhibitory organic material in the post-HTC treatment by adsorption of hydrophobic material.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Chemosphere"},"translated_abstract":"This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digestion of process waters (PW) from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of spent coffee grounds. At an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.4 gCOD L-1 d-1, initial instability was seen, but after 40 days and supplementary alkalinity, the digestion stabilised with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the untreated PW degraded with 37.8-64.6% efficiency and the yield of methane at 0.16 L gCOD-1. An increase in OLR to 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1 caused a collapse in biogas production, and resulted in severe instability in the reactor, characterised by falling pH and an increasing volatile fatty acid concentration. Comparatively, the digestion of a treated PW (concentrated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis after removal of the fouling fraction), at OLR between 0.4 and 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1, was stable over the entire 117 days of treated PW addition, yielded methane at 0.21 L gCOD-1 and the COD was degraded with an average efficiency of 93.5% - the highest efficiency the authors have seen for HTC PW. Further anaerobic digestion of untreated PW at an average OLR of 0.95 gCOD L-1 d-1 was stable for 38 days, with an average COD degradation of 69.6%, and methane production between 0.15 and 0.19 L gCOD-1. The digestion of treated PW produced significantly higher COD degradation and methane yield than untreated PW, which is likely to be related to the removal of refractory and inhibitory organic material in the post-HTC treatment by adsorption of hydrophobic material.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81010211/Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-08T06:44:05.292-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":59113,"name":"Anaerobic Digestion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anaerobic_Digestion"},{"id":385364,"name":"Pulp and Paper Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pulp_and_Paper_Industry"}],"urls":[{"id":21226960,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0045653522000182?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010208"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010208/The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_process_results_from_pilot_testing_and_techno_economic_assessment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201877/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010208/The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_process_results_from_pilot_testing_and_techno_economic_assessment">The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Water Practice and Technology</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. Recent research has shown that a new configuration with the existing technology can further enhance the efficiency of the system. The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process (ITHP) has been explored and tested in the Sludge and Energy Innovation Centre pilot plant located at Basingstoke sewage treatment works for a period of 15 months. The pilot facility has allowed operational considerations to be explored and understood to inform the design and construction of full scale. ITHP results showed a volatile solids destruction of 64% and an average overall specific gas production of 503 m3/TDS. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis was used to compare conventional thermal hydrolysis process (THP) with surplus activated sludge (SAS) only THP and ITHP. Data captured from operational sites, laboratory scale experiments and the ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="93db8a0e3e3a279e6931995152818f79" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87201877,"asset_id":81010208,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201877/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010208"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010208"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010208; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010208]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010208]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010208; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81010208']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81010208, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "93db8a0e3e3a279e6931995152818f79" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81010208]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81010208,"title":"The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. 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Data captured from operational sites, laboratory scale experiments and the ...","publisher":"IWA Publishing","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Water Practice and Technology"},"translated_abstract":"Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. Recent research has shown that a new configuration with the existing technology can further enhance the efficiency of the system. The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process (ITHP) has been explored and tested in the Sludge and Energy Innovation Centre pilot plant located at Basingstoke sewage treatment works for a period of 15 months. The pilot facility has allowed operational considerations to be explored and understood to inform the design and construction of full scale. ITHP results showed a volatile solids destruction of 64% and an average overall specific gas production of 503 m3/TDS. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis was used to compare conventional thermal hydrolysis process (THP) with surplus activated sludge (SAS) only THP and ITHP. Data captured from operational sites, laboratory scale experiments and the ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81010208/The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_process_results_from_pilot_testing_and_techno_economic_assessment","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-08T06:44:04.292-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87201877,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201877/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wpt0120406.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201877/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_proc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87201877/wpt0120406-libre.pdf?1654695995=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_proc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=cIcdp7EMGy2rbrmkUqTTSPjo0Q~J3O87Va4lHxomreDRfTyyQbTXVO3mFWLOxsZVzA92Mc~gIZ8JbkeoMOnaj1ZSoQyJFZclcR1niqH-pXNHQIynORVd54ueob~LKlvFiaqKM5t~vDOc9pj8iHnaLPJFoC7M95FogM4z6fHZ3wk1cGktUy-VJX3eqGKuI58R-aIXOcMNuSHiPpZl8lLTbyAwagxov1RHT8psiCXyvv3v8sDSpnfcXbszUS2SrnUm8dKW55OiIsTmg0ltMcsdYtrIO-c9oTTCPAskVh4D6ZLQTESthm33xUUYIZUEl4CRMwwy7~R-gw9I4t~bVCDDGg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_process_results_from_pilot_testing_and_techno_economic_assessment","translated_slug":"","page_count":17,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[{"id":87201877,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201877/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wpt0120406.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201877/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_proc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87201877/wpt0120406-libre.pdf?1654695995=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_proc.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=cIcdp7EMGy2rbrmkUqTTSPjo0Q~J3O87Va4lHxomreDRfTyyQbTXVO3mFWLOxsZVzA92Mc~gIZ8JbkeoMOnaj1ZSoQyJFZclcR1niqH-pXNHQIynORVd54ueob~LKlvFiaqKM5t~vDOc9pj8iHnaLPJFoC7M95FogM4z6fHZ3wk1cGktUy-VJX3eqGKuI58R-aIXOcMNuSHiPpZl8lLTbyAwagxov1RHT8psiCXyvv3v8sDSpnfcXbszUS2SrnUm8dKW55OiIsTmg0ltMcsdYtrIO-c9oTTCPAskVh4D6ZLQTESthm33xUUYIZUEl4CRMwwy7~R-gw9I4t~bVCDDGg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":21226958,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.2166/wpt.2017.031"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010145"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010145/Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of_a_scaling_rule_for_air_current_segregation_of_alumina_powder_in_cylindrical_silos"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Theoretical and experimental testing of a scaling rule for air current segregation of alumina powder in cylindrical silos" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201856/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010145/Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of_a_scaling_rule_for_air_current_segregation_of_alumina_powder_in_cylindrical_silos">Theoretical and experimental testing of a scaling rule for air current segregation of alumina powder in cylindrical silos</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b9c80d6b1617c8f28de592ee30d8660d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87201856,"asset_id":81010145,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201856/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010145"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010145"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010145; 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This paper describes investigations of ACS for alumina powder based on experiments conducted in an industrial silo, in the laboratory and by computation, using the commercial computational fluid dynamics code Fluent. For the industrial silo, the extent of ACS has been measured using the accumulation of fine material at the wall as an indicator. Based on these results, modifications to the feeding system were undertaken which showed that ACS is promoted if the material is fed in a dilute form. Experiments in the laboratory confirmed this effect visually. In order to be able to compare numerically the extend of ACS, a segregation index has been developed. It was found that a dilute particle jet leads to more ACS than dense particle jet. The effects of solids feeding rate and air extraction rate on ACS have been investigated in the laboratory silo and the results clearly show that low solids feeding rates promote ACS. It was further found that an increase in the air extraction rate has a mild effect in suppressing ACS. These effects were confirmed by the Fluent simulations, which showed an unexpectedly good agreement with the experiments.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Powder Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":87201856},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81010145/Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of_a_scaling_rule_for_air_current_segregation_of_alumina_powder_in_cylindrical_silos","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-08T06:43:42.254-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87201856,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201856/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PrizePaper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201856/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87201856/PrizePaper-libre.pdf?1654695996=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTheoretical_and_experimental_testing_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=DKzrmQTwTH14qk3ZQ76VCBMylBh1tI8CXokfmVBQcu9xuDLF3RQKatBWTi9XlpdIbph7TjafYovLbNDTwKKU6y2I7YhAJtov6~uhb1EuLV-wg9K8uhmP3CYtsCPMP1~0dnBffNC1k-tIiw~Zd0M7x4hZYeJt82VZc-pJnlsiQQaqsVzBueM7WvQ1Iyr~q0kRZI3HIJIumIOfkgrVLmPMTgxQxZgi8ht0F-5TgGgJ8pgPruri1WylFgvuFpbyUkjAC844yYgKLv1PTGXufFsdpjGYSXKV0aZby8AoUA8JsQX6H2TN4FqRO6IR5m1Va-WHxtDSsnddNdhgJUjoyFD9Bw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of_a_scaling_rule_for_air_current_segregation_of_alumina_powder_in_cylindrical_silos","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[{"id":87201856,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201856/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PrizePaper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201856/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87201856/PrizePaper-libre.pdf?1654695996=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTheoretical_and_experimental_testing_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=DKzrmQTwTH14qk3ZQ76VCBMylBh1tI8CXokfmVBQcu9xuDLF3RQKatBWTi9XlpdIbph7TjafYovLbNDTwKKU6y2I7YhAJtov6~uhb1EuLV-wg9K8uhmP3CYtsCPMP1~0dnBffNC1k-tIiw~Zd0M7x4hZYeJt82VZc-pJnlsiQQaqsVzBueM7WvQ1Iyr~q0kRZI3HIJIumIOfkgrVLmPMTgxQxZgi8ht0F-5TgGgJ8pgPruri1WylFgvuFpbyUkjAC844yYgKLv1PTGXufFsdpjGYSXKV0aZby8AoUA8JsQX6H2TN4FqRO6IR5m1Va-WHxtDSsnddNdhgJUjoyFD9Bw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":2298,"name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Fluid_Dynamics"},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology"},{"id":232264,"name":"Silo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silo"},{"id":390240,"name":"Powder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder"},{"id":749302,"name":"Indexation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexation"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="68493248"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/68493248/Life_cycle_assessment_of_advanced_anaerobic_digestion_process_configurations_for_sewage_sludge_a_UK_perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Life cycle assessment of advanced anaerobic digestion process configurations for sewage sludge – a UK perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/68493248/Life_cycle_assessment_of_advanced_anaerobic_digestion_process_configurations_for_sewage_sludge_a_UK_perspective">Life cycle assessment of advanced anaerobic digestion process configurations for sewage sludge – a UK perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion tech...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion technologies for sewage sludge. These processes are now being implemented at large scale across the UK and within Thames Water. Although there are significant economic benefits to advanced anaerobic digestion (AD) processes, life cycle impact assessments have been limited in depth. This paper attempts to fill this gap in knowledge by comparing several process variants as part of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Using operating data, a process model was created to calculate the economic and environmental impact factors of the options during the life of the operational plant. It was found that advanced AD processes have advantages over conventional AD but the increased energy input requirements of thermal pre-treatment make it less beneficial under some conditions. Cleaning up biogas to enable Gas to Grid (GtG) injection requires significant renewable incentives to be economic and environmental ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68493248"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68493248"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68493248; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68493248]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68493248]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68493248; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68493248']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68493248, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68493248]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68493248,"title":"Life cycle assessment of advanced anaerobic digestion process configurations for sewage sludge – a UK perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion technologies for sewage sludge. These processes are now being implemented at large scale across the UK and within Thames Water. Although there are significant economic benefits to advanced anaerobic digestion (AD) processes, life cycle impact assessments have been limited in depth. This paper attempts to fill this gap in knowledge by comparing several process variants as part of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Using operating data, a process model was created to calculate the economic and environmental impact factors of the options during the life of the operational plant. It was found that advanced AD processes have advantages over conventional AD but the increased energy input requirements of thermal pre-treatment make it less beneficial under some conditions. Cleaning up biogas to enable Gas to Grid (GtG) injection requires significant renewable incentives to be economic and environmental ...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2012,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion technologies for sewage sludge. These processes are now being implemented at large scale across the UK and within Thames Water. Although there are significant economic benefits to advanced anaerobic digestion (AD) processes, life cycle impact assessments have been limited in depth. This paper attempts to fill this gap in knowledge by comparing several process variants as part of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Using operating data, a process model was created to calculate the economic and environmental impact factors of the options during the life of the operational plant. It was found that advanced AD processes have advantages over conventional AD but the increased energy input requirements of thermal pre-treatment make it less beneficial under some conditions. Cleaning up biogas to enable Gas to Grid (GtG) injection requires significant renewable incentives to be economic and environmental ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68493248/Life_cycle_assessment_of_advanced_anaerobic_digestion_process_configurations_for_sewage_sludge_a_UK_perspective","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-17T00:45:05.674-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Life_cycle_assessment_of_advanced_anaerobic_digestion_process_configurations_for_sewage_sludge_a_UK_perspective","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":16546366,"url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/803136/7/128%20Mills%20-%20LCA%20Sewage%20Sludge%2020120630.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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The experiments were carried out utilising a column of 70 cm in total height and 4 cm inner diameter. The active column height throughout the experiments was taken to be equal to 48 cm. Vapour pentane with three different initial temperatures (40℃, 43.5℃ and 47.5℃) was used as a dispersed phase, while tap water at a constant temperature (19℃) was used as a continuous phase. The variation of the volumetric heat transfer coefficient along the height of the column was measured experimentally and predicted analytically. The effects of the initial dispersed phase temperature, the dispersed mass flow rate and the continuous mass flow rate on the volumetric heat transfer coefficient were tested. The results indicate that the volumetric heat transfer coefficient decreases upon moving up the column, while it increases with an increase in the mass flow rate of either the dispersed phase or the continuous phase. 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class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/113003939/The_effect_of_salinity_on_the_pressure_susceptibility_of_the_NF270_membrane">The effect of salinity on the pressure susceptibility of the NF270 membrane</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Desalination</span><span>, Oct 1, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper is open access at the DOI: To avoid structural changes within nanofiltration membranes...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper is open access at the DOI: To avoid structural changes within nanofiltration membranes during operation, pre-compaction of filtration membranes is usually <br />performed. However, even after pre-compaction, the NF270 membrane has previously been shown to display a level of pressure susceptibility in pure water systems, particularly evident at low pressures. For the first time, this study provides experimental evidence for the effect of salinity on the pressure susceptibility of the NF270 membrane. Permeability was shown to decrease with increasing salinity up to 189 mM MgSO4, with the largest reduction (22 %) observed at the lowest MgSO4 concentration (31.49 mM MgSO4). A significant reduction (35 %) in the membrane susceptibility was also observed following the introduction of MgSO4 to a concentration of 31.49 mM. A mathematical expression, developed for pure water systems, was modified to account for salinity effects and fitted the experimental data well for concentrations up to 0.2 M. These results are explained by compaction of the membrane polymer, due to either charge neutralisation at the membrane surface, or electric double layer compression, or both. However, further increases in salinity had no significant effect on membrane susceptibility, suggesting that salt induced membrane compaction occurs at very low concentrations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5b1812be45342d6a13e6775369965ff7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":110174414,"asset_id":113003939,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110174414/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="113003939"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="113003939"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003939; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003939]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003939]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003939; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='113003939']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 113003939, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5b1812be45342d6a13e6775369965ff7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=113003939]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":113003939,"title":"The effect of salinity on the pressure susceptibility of the NF270 membrane","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.116804","abstract":"This paper is open access at the DOI: To avoid structural changes within nanofiltration membranes during operation, pre-compaction of filtration membranes is usually \r\nperformed. 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Technology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In a net-zero emissions scenario, a secure supply of electricity involves renewable generators th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In a net-zero emissions scenario, a secure supply of electricity involves renewable generators that can flexibly increase their production when needed. Currently, electricity generation from biogas in the water industry is most commonly at a steady level, given Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is traditionally operated in steady state. This research demonstrated at different scales that demand-driven biogas production from AD of sewage sludge is feasible. Performance parameters are not negatively affected by a flexible feeding schedule and stability parameters show transitional imbalances that do not threaten the overall process. This paper presents the trial implementation in digesters of volume 3800 m3, which became permanent. Economic and environmental benefits exist; however, in order to unlock the full potential of flexible electricity generation from sewage sludge, synergies between technical, operational and political factors in the water and energy sectors need to be developed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="75105c430e791c4ed1b57d0c35f8bfa7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":110081727,"asset_id":113003912,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/110081727/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="113003912"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="113003912"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003912; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=113003912]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 113003912; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='113003912']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 113003912, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "75105c430e791c4ed1b57d0c35f8bfa7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=113003912]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":113003912,"title":"Implementation at full scale of demand-driven biogas production from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In a net-zero emissions scenario, a secure supply of electricity involves renewable generators that can flexibly increase their production when needed. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="103791258"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/103791258/Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat Transfer Measurements in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Condenser for Energy Production and Water Desalination" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/103791258/Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination">Heat Transfer Measurements in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Condenser for Energy Production and Water Desalination</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carried out using a 70-cm-high Perspex tube with a 4-cm inner diameter. The active direct contact condenser comprised 48 cm. Pentane vapour at three initial temperatures (40℃,43.5℃, and 47.5℃) and water at a constant temperature (19℃) were used as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, with different mass flow rate ratios. The results showed that the continuous phase outlet temperature increased with increasing mass flow rate ratio. On the contrary, the continuous phase temperature decreased with increases in the continuous mass flow rate. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase slightly affected the direct contact condenser output, which confirms a latent phase effect in this type of heat exchanger.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="103791258"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="103791258"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103791258; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103791258]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=103791258]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 103791258; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='103791258']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 103791258, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=103791258]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":103791258,"title":"Heat Transfer Measurements in a Three-Phase Direct Contact Condenser for Energy Production and Water Desalination","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carried out using a 70-cm-high Perspex tube with a 4-cm inner diameter. The active direct contact condenser comprised 48 cm. Pentane vapour at three initial temperatures (40℃,43.5℃, and 47.5℃) and water at a constant temperature (19℃) were used as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, with different mass flow rate ratios. The results showed that the continuous phase outlet temperature increased with increasing mass flow rate ratio. On the contrary, the continuous phase temperature decreased with increases in the continuous mass flow rate. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase slightly affected the direct contact condenser output, which confirms a latent phase effect in this type of heat exchanger.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"An experimental investigation of heat exchange in a three-phase direct contact condenser was carried out using a 70-cm-high Perspex tube with a 4-cm inner diameter. The active direct contact condenser comprised 48 cm. Pentane vapour at three initial temperatures (40℃,43.5℃, and 47.5℃) and water at a constant temperature (19℃) were used as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, with different mass flow rate ratios. The results showed that the continuous phase outlet temperature increased with increasing mass flow rate ratio. On the contrary, the continuous phase temperature decreased with increases in the continuous mass flow rate. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase slightly affected the direct contact condenser output, which confirms a latent phase effect in this type of heat exchanger.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103791258/Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-06-23T23:40:19.894-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Heat_Transfer_Measurements_in_a_Three_Phase_Direct_Contact_Condenser_for_Energy_Production_and_Water_Desalination","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":2024,"name":"Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Transfer"},{"id":19517,"name":"Heat Exchanger","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Exchanger"},{"id":53158,"name":"Desalination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Desalination"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99030448"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030448/Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224992/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030448/Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit">Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Water Science and Technology</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3·h−1 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water&#39;s strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE·m−3. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE·m−3 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very l...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e4f192dcd08fd930ed5ff5f912d8fa69" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100224992,"asset_id":99030448,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224992/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99030448"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99030448"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030448; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99030448]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99030448]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030448; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99030448']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 99030448, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e4f192dcd08fd930ed5ff5f912d8fa69" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99030448]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99030448,"title":"Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3·h−1 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water\u0026#39;s strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE·m−3. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE·m−3 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very l...","publisher":"IWA Publishing","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"translated_abstract":"A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3·h−1 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water\u0026#39;s strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE·m−3. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE·m−3 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very l...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99030448/Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-24T04:59:32.784-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100224992,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224992/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wst077102482.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224992/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100224992/wst077102482-libre.pdf?1679662002=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTreatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=GNKN4e-TbTPxQA1aVnxd1uCOZh68Thw7Q4uG~OGfVZ-em2ME-4era9JA36P2L~CfmSmG5kCSFtyFPOl2AWcfSBsznfZohN46wf3yV~s2i6KiGBiOcu-iNlxVFKsJXNxGFU5OW6yXJp7Vt2rM8cISbn222y1NgDXlnLzXrHBm2HvBUYJkN4ZZYbx5KhSKhY8z68PM5-BoZRAS~tKWSuW8oVxYsItksHso0wxusiQvVy1PdTCUu2KUaKNhEqk1TzUvvE2JYchn3zBO1Ae3vCb-hLFnPUtWjn4x--ZUXYNTW3fLH9Wcigin-ZE4JJ2UMXG44ye4Z3a8-xKVsOI7x3zo2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_sewage_sludge_odours_by_a_full_scale_biotrickling_filter_with_an_activated_carbon_polishing_unit","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[{"id":100224992,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224992/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wst077102482.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224992/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100224992/wst077102482-libre.pdf?1679662002=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTreatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=GNKN4e-TbTPxQA1aVnxd1uCOZh68Thw7Q4uG~OGfVZ-em2ME-4era9JA36P2L~CfmSmG5kCSFtyFPOl2AWcfSBsznfZohN46wf3yV~s2i6KiGBiOcu-iNlxVFKsJXNxGFU5OW6yXJp7Vt2rM8cISbn222y1NgDXlnLzXrHBm2HvBUYJkN4ZZYbx5KhSKhY8z68PM5-BoZRAS~tKWSuW8oVxYsItksHso0wxusiQvVy1PdTCUu2KUaKNhEqk1TzUvvE2JYchn3zBO1Ae3vCb-hLFnPUtWjn4x--ZUXYNTW3fLH9Wcigin-ZE4JJ2UMXG44ye4Z3a8-xKVsOI7x3zo2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":100224993,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100224993/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"wst077102482.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100224993/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Treatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100224993/wst077102482-libre.pdf?1679662004=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTreatment_of_discontinuous_emission_of_s.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=B7ytHUa-iY6lh0xPOapx-noDn7m4uyjml6Q~AAzUMBAUhb4gcbMEeygQq4vw6CdKN09dDO2OAilknsFvK2kda2Iwt9Vtd0opAMkXHFHwkkLpaaZWCjKD9eQ0-HdrUEBvk4~Kj5fxff3fsrgqxqVRBFJhaUuG7E4Nxv4F5vE31c9A0fuWXGodhEJ4trIkPSCq2CEbDTsdW6BxNBJGaR6b8Jgqv5xUJ46a1W0JDzIG8mmN7DDo3oYruPLO~uEGT4K6TDV8Df6xGclaqOh0NnCvLgKO62WXn3AWLneNxYbhKIpYQ92edkh2yXofQz~JmkDekhp-AwoBG6d4iL0GMfRiWg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":16122,"name":"Activated Sludge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activated_Sludge"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":39753,"name":"Activated Carbon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activated_Carbon"},{"id":355464,"name":"Water Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Science_and_Technology"},{"id":551896,"name":"Sewage Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sewage_Treatment"}],"urls":[{"id":30036902,"url":"http://iwaponline.com/wst/article-pdf/77/10/2482/234973/wst077102482.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99030444"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030444/Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat transfer measurement in a three-phase direct-contact condenser under flooding conditions" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100225010/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99030444/Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions">Heat transfer measurement in a three-phase direct-contact condenser under flooding conditions</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Thermal Engineering</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ab05fa6ecf1535bdd4deee71855ff1c4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100225010,"asset_id":99030444,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100225010/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99030444"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99030444"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99030444; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ab05fa6ecf1535bdd4deee71855ff1c4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99030444]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99030444,"title":"Heat transfer measurement in a three-phase direct-contact condenser under flooding conditions","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"The transient temperature distribution and volumetric heat transfer coefficient during the inception of flooding in a three-phase bubble type direct contact condenser have been experimentally investigated. The flooding mechanism and the factors affecting the onset of flooding of the three-phase direct contact column are not considered. A short Perspex column of 70 cm total height and 4 cm internal diameter utilising two immiscible fluids was studied. Pentane vapour with initial temperatures of 40°C, 43.5°C and 47.5℃ was the dispersed phase and tap water at a constant temperature (19℃) was the continuous phase. Only 48 cm of the column was used as the active height and different mass flow rates of both phases were used. The experimental results showed that the instantaneous temperature distribution along the direct contact column tends to be uniform when the direct contact column is working under flooding conditions. Furthermore, the volumetric heat transfer coefficient increases as the dispersed mass flow rate is increased towards the flooding limit and remains constant along the column height. In addition, the dispersed phase mass flow rate that leads to flooding increased with increasing mass flow rate of the continuous phase. The initial temperature of the dispersed phase did not have a considerable effect on the flooding inception limit under the present experimental conditions.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":100225010},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99030444/Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-24T04:59:12.303-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":100225010,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100225010/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100225010/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100225010/MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201-libre.pdf?1679662004=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=eRiSL9LslRAgxdewYKIMnUyfXnnZNgYXybBTlV-y5yInSAzqfmuB1owOG31laWjXZ3QUI7EJk9Id5QPXyj8dqPmhgnAfclbrgr98cmZz8EFw-Qn~R9mCur2v5Dq12S71Jg0eDxCZv0jzRtiLu~Qi9r18KqWVNexknfrVrmPMToSbIqs3GFT6mg8uXYJ3ijK0rxejq3caTuMUYdT0MIV0AaPDffwPWoQ55kzeS68SMAQeygzAszUVmgtlk0mQ6w5YwfSbKFZzx0ZXMkMtB4~~v75mqeW0H0toxX3Q0gvGkQuzqgglSdr~-A03goFGT5chWU~LtsCnjLVqNaZLe1pbug__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_phase_direct_contact_condenser_under_flooding_conditions","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[{"id":100225010,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100225010/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100225010/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100225010/MANUSCRIPT__20REVISED_201-libre.pdf?1679662004=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_transfer_measurement_in_a_three_pha.pdf\u0026Expires=1732837911\u0026Signature=eRiSL9LslRAgxdewYKIMnUyfXnnZNgYXybBTlV-y5yInSAzqfmuB1owOG31laWjXZ3QUI7EJk9Id5QPXyj8dqPmhgnAfclbrgr98cmZz8EFw-Qn~R9mCur2v5Dq12S71Jg0eDxCZv0jzRtiLu~Qi9r18KqWVNexknfrVrmPMToSbIqs3GFT6mg8uXYJ3ijK0rxejq3caTuMUYdT0MIV0AaPDffwPWoQ55kzeS68SMAQeygzAszUVmgtlk0mQ6w5YwfSbKFZzx0ZXMkMtB4~~v75mqeW0H0toxX3Q0gvGkQuzqgglSdr~-A03goFGT5chWU~LtsCnjLVqNaZLe1pbug__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering"},{"id":641466,"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Thermal_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":30036901,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1359431115013009?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92932255"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92932255/Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigating the effect of an alternative feedstock on the performance of sludge powered generators: developing a theoretical model and analysing trial data" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92932255/Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data">Investigating the effect of an alternative feedstock on the performance of sludge powered generators: developing a theoretical model and analysing trial data</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Ther...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) as feed. Data from the trials with THP product sludge at Thames Water&#39;s Crossness SPGs was subject to data analysis by converting the trial data into flows of operating cost. Sludge is a mixture of many chemicals and these would be very time consuming to analyse for combustion performance in full detail. Therefore sludge has been simplified to a mixture of water and a single combustible chemical component (coniferyl alcohol) with the same heat of combustion as water-free sludge and roughly the right elemental analysis. This simplification enables the thermal behaviour of the combustion, including its tendency to extinguish without support fuel, to be captured. Both the simplified model and the data analysis from the trial show the THP product sludge is a viable fuel which produces a net financial benefit to the SPG’s operation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92932255"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92932255"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92932255; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92932255]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92932255]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92932255; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92932255']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92932255, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92932255]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92932255,"title":"Investigating the effect of an alternative feedstock on the performance of sludge powered generators: developing a theoretical model and analysing trial data","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) as feed. Data from the trials with THP product sludge at Thames Water\u0026#39;s Crossness SPGs was subject to data analysis by converting the trial data into flows of operating cost. Sludge is a mixture of many chemicals and these would be very time consuming to analyse for combustion performance in full detail. Therefore sludge has been simplified to a mixture of water and a single combustible chemical component (coniferyl alcohol) with the same heat of combustion as water-free sludge and roughly the right elemental analysis. This simplification enables the thermal behaviour of the combustion, including its tendency to extinguish without support fuel, to be captured. Both the simplified model and the data analysis from the trial show the THP product sludge is a viable fuel which produces a net financial benefit to the SPG’s operation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Trials performed by Thames Water on a Sludge Powered Generator (SPG) have used sludge from a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) as feed. Data from the trials with THP product sludge at Thames Water\u0026#39;s Crossness SPGs was subject to data analysis by converting the trial data into flows of operating cost. Sludge is a mixture of many chemicals and these would be very time consuming to analyse for combustion performance in full detail. Therefore sludge has been simplified to a mixture of water and a single combustible chemical component (coniferyl alcohol) with the same heat of combustion as water-free sludge and roughly the right elemental analysis. This simplification enables the thermal behaviour of the combustion, including its tendency to extinguish without support fuel, to be captured. Both the simplified model and the data analysis from the trial show the THP product sludge is a viable fuel which produces a net financial benefit to the SPG’s operation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92932255/Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-15T00:35:49.577-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Investigating_the_effect_of_an_alternative_feedstock_on_the_performance_of_sludge_powered_generators_developing_a_theoretical_model_and_analysing_trial_data","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":6263,"name":"Combustion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combustion"},{"id":14085,"name":"Waste Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Waste_Management"},{"id":38423,"name":"Process Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Engineering"},{"id":67661,"name":"Sewage sludge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sewage_sludge"},{"id":185242,"name":"Raw Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raw_Material"}],"urls":[{"id":27050474,"url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/841739/1/Investigating%20the%20effect%20of%20an%20alternative%20feedstock%20on%20the%20performance%20of%20sludge%20powered%20generators.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="88220635"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/88220635/Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lumped Kinetic Modelling of Polyolefin Pyrolysis: A Non-Isothermal Method to Estimate Rate Constants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/88220635/Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants">Lumped Kinetic Modelling of Polyolefin Pyrolysis: A Non-Isothermal Method to Estimate Rate Constants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumpe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumped kinetic model for predicting the product distribution of wax, oil and gas yields. A non-isothermal method was established, in which a sample is heated in a tube reactor to a desired temperature at a constant rate of temperature rise. This method avoided the error present in the heating up stage which is inherent in any practical isothermal method in which reaction proceeds to a significant extent before the operating temperatures of polyolefin pyrolysis are reached, which results in challenges when defining the reaction time. The non-isothermal measurements were conducted between 450 and 550 °C for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and the temperature and lump yields are non-linearly regressed to achieve the kinetic parameters. The measured kinetic rate constants have the same trend as those reported in the literature using the isothermal method, but are lower than the values reported at similar conditions. The kinetic parameters derived are then validated by using isothermal experimental data. The calculated data using the measured kinetic parameters are generally in agreement with the experimental data. The non-isothermal method established in this work proves to be a much faster method for the measurement of intrinsic rate constants at high temperatures.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="88220635"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="88220635"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88220635; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88220635]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=88220635]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 88220635; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='88220635']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 88220635, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=88220635]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":88220635,"title":"Lumped Kinetic Modelling of Polyolefin Pyrolysis: A Non-Isothermal Method to Estimate Rate Constants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2022.105530","abstract":"The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumped kinetic model for predicting the product distribution of wax, oil and gas yields. A non-isothermal method was established, in which a sample is heated in a tube reactor to a desired temperature at a constant rate of temperature rise. This method avoided the error present in the heating up stage which is inherent in any practical isothermal method in which reaction proceeds to a significant extent before the operating temperatures of polyolefin pyrolysis are reached, which results in challenges when defining the reaction time. The non-isothermal measurements were conducted between 450 and 550 °C for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and the temperature and lump yields are non-linearly regressed to achieve the kinetic parameters. The measured kinetic rate constants have the same trend as those reported in the literature using the isothermal method, but are lower than the values reported at similar conditions. The kinetic parameters derived are then validated by using isothermal experimental data. The calculated data using the measured kinetic parameters are generally in agreement with the experimental data. The non-isothermal method established in this work proves to be a much faster method for the measurement of intrinsic rate constants at high temperatures.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},"translated_abstract":"The measurement of kinetic parameters in the pyrolysis of polyolefins requires the use of a lumped kinetic model for predicting the product distribution of wax, oil and gas yields. A non-isothermal method was established, in which a sample is heated in a tube reactor to a desired temperature at a constant rate of temperature rise. This method avoided the error present in the heating up stage which is inherent in any practical isothermal method in which reaction proceeds to a significant extent before the operating temperatures of polyolefin pyrolysis are reached, which results in challenges when defining the reaction time. The non-isothermal measurements were conducted between 450 and 550 °C for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) and the temperature and lump yields are non-linearly regressed to achieve the kinetic parameters. The measured kinetic rate constants have the same trend as those reported in the literature using the isothermal method, but are lower than the values reported at similar conditions. The kinetic parameters derived are then validated by using isothermal experimental data. The calculated data using the measured kinetic parameters are generally in agreement with the experimental data. The non-isothermal method established in this work proves to be a much faster method for the measurement of intrinsic rate constants at high temperatures.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88220635/Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-10-10T02:36:13.586-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Lumped_Kinetic_Modelling_of_Polyolefin_Pyrolysis_A_Non_Isothermal_Method_to_Estimate_Rate_Constants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering"},{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry"},{"id":69856,"name":"Social Science Research Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science_Research_Network"}],"urls":[{"id":24663178,"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165237022001000?via=ihub"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010211"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010211/Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Anaerobic digestion of untreated and treated process water from the hydrothermal carbonisation of spent coffee grounds" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010211/Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds">Anaerobic digestion of untreated and treated process water from the hydrothermal carbonisation of spent coffee grounds</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Chemosphere</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digest...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digestion of process waters (PW) from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of spent coffee grounds. At an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.4 gCOD L-1 d-1, initial instability was seen, but after 40 days and supplementary alkalinity, the digestion stabilised with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the untreated PW degraded with 37.8-64.6% efficiency and the yield of methane at 0.16 L gCOD-1. An increase in OLR to 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1 caused a collapse in biogas production, and resulted in severe instability in the reactor, characterised by falling pH and an increasing volatile fatty acid concentration. Comparatively, the digestion of a treated PW (concentrated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis after removal of the fouling fraction), at OLR between 0.4 and 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1, was stable over the entire 117 days of treated PW addition, yielded methane at 0.21 L gCOD-1 and the COD was degraded with an average efficiency of 93.5% - the highest efficiency the authors have seen for HTC PW. Further anaerobic digestion of untreated PW at an average OLR of 0.95 gCOD L-1 d-1 was stable for 38 days, with an average COD degradation of 69.6%, and methane production between 0.15 and 0.19 L gCOD-1. The digestion of treated PW produced significantly higher COD degradation and methane yield than untreated PW, which is likely to be related to the removal of refractory and inhibitory organic material in the post-HTC treatment by adsorption of hydrophobic material.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010211"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010211"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010211; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010211]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010211]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010211; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81010211']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81010211, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81010211]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81010211,"title":"Anaerobic digestion of untreated and treated process water from the hydrothermal carbonisation of spent coffee grounds","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digestion of process waters (PW) from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of spent coffee grounds. At an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.4 gCOD L-1 d-1, initial instability was seen, but after 40 days and supplementary alkalinity, the digestion stabilised with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the untreated PW degraded with 37.8-64.6% efficiency and the yield of methane at 0.16 L gCOD-1. An increase in OLR to 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1 caused a collapse in biogas production, and resulted in severe instability in the reactor, characterised by falling pH and an increasing volatile fatty acid concentration. Comparatively, the digestion of a treated PW (concentrated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis after removal of the fouling fraction), at OLR between 0.4 and 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1, was stable over the entire 117 days of treated PW addition, yielded methane at 0.21 L gCOD-1 and the COD was degraded with an average efficiency of 93.5% - the highest efficiency the authors have seen for HTC PW. Further anaerobic digestion of untreated PW at an average OLR of 0.95 gCOD L-1 d-1 was stable for 38 days, with an average COD degradation of 69.6%, and methane production between 0.15 and 0.19 L gCOD-1. The digestion of treated PW produced significantly higher COD degradation and methane yield than untreated PW, which is likely to be related to the removal of refractory and inhibitory organic material in the post-HTC treatment by adsorption of hydrophobic material.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Chemosphere"},"translated_abstract":"This study investigates the long-term performance of the mesophilic (35 °C) anaerobic mono-digestion of process waters (PW) from the hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) of spent coffee grounds. At an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.4 gCOD L-1 d-1, initial instability was seen, but after 40 days and supplementary alkalinity, the digestion stabilised with the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the untreated PW degraded with 37.8-64.6% efficiency and the yield of methane at 0.16 L gCOD-1. An increase in OLR to 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1 caused a collapse in biogas production, and resulted in severe instability in the reactor, characterised by falling pH and an increasing volatile fatty acid concentration. Comparatively, the digestion of a treated PW (concentrated in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis after removal of the fouling fraction), at OLR between 0.4 and 0.8 gCOD L-1 d-1, was stable over the entire 117 days of treated PW addition, yielded methane at 0.21 L gCOD-1 and the COD was degraded with an average efficiency of 93.5% - the highest efficiency the authors have seen for HTC PW. Further anaerobic digestion of untreated PW at an average OLR of 0.95 gCOD L-1 d-1 was stable for 38 days, with an average COD degradation of 69.6%, and methane production between 0.15 and 0.19 L gCOD-1. The digestion of treated PW produced significantly higher COD degradation and methane yield than untreated PW, which is likely to be related to the removal of refractory and inhibitory organic material in the post-HTC treatment by adsorption of hydrophobic material.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81010211/Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-08T06:44:05.292-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":39027940,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Anaerobic_digestion_of_untreated_and_treated_process_water_from_the_hydrothermal_carbonisation_of_spent_coffee_grounds","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":39027940,"first_name":"Rex","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Thorpe","page_name":"RexThorpe","domain_name":"surrey","created_at":"2015-11-23T23:40:47.422-08:00","display_name":"Rex Thorpe","url":"https://surrey.academia.edu/RexThorpe"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":59113,"name":"Anaerobic Digestion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anaerobic_Digestion"},{"id":385364,"name":"Pulp and Paper Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pulp_and_Paper_Industry"}],"urls":[{"id":21226960,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0045653522000182?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010209"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010209/Dynamic_biogas_production_from_anaerobic_digestion_of_sewage_sludge_for_on_demand_electricity_generation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dynamic biogas production from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge for on-demand electricity generation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201945/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010209/Dynamic_biogas_production_from_anaerobic_digestion_of_sewage_sludge_for_on_demand_electricity_generation">Dynamic biogas production from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge for on-demand electricity generation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bioresource Technology</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ff9c517b05df75ec1799bcc3afa2fdc0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87201945,"asset_id":81010209,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201945/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010209"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010209; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010208"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010208/The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_process_results_from_pilot_testing_and_techno_economic_assessment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201877/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010208/The_intermediate_thermal_hydrolysis_process_results_from_pilot_testing_and_techno_economic_assessment">The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Water Practice and Technology</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. Recent research has shown that a new configuration with the existing technology can further enhance the efficiency of the system. The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process (ITHP) has been explored and tested in the Sludge and Energy Innovation Centre pilot plant located at Basingstoke sewage treatment works for a period of 15 months. The pilot facility has allowed operational considerations to be explored and understood to inform the design and construction of full scale. ITHP results showed a volatile solids destruction of 64% and an average overall specific gas production of 503 m3/TDS. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis was used to compare conventional thermal hydrolysis process (THP) with surplus activated sludge (SAS) only THP and ITHP. Data captured from operational sites, laboratory scale experiments and the ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="93db8a0e3e3a279e6931995152818f79" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87201877,"asset_id":81010208,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201877/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010208"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010208"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010208; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010208]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010208]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010208; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81010208']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81010208, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "93db8a0e3e3a279e6931995152818f79" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81010208]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81010208,"title":"The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process: results from pilot testing and techno-economic assessment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. Recent research has shown that a new configuration with the existing technology can further enhance the efficiency of the system. The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process (ITHP) has been explored and tested in the Sludge and Energy Innovation Centre pilot plant located at Basingstoke sewage treatment works for a period of 15 months. The pilot facility has allowed operational considerations to be explored and understood to inform the design and construction of full scale. ITHP results showed a volatile solids destruction of 64% and an average overall specific gas production of 503 m3/TDS. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis was used to compare conventional thermal hydrolysis process (THP) with surplus activated sludge (SAS) only THP and ITHP. Data captured from operational sites, laboratory scale experiments and the ...","publisher":"IWA Publishing","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Water Practice and Technology"},"translated_abstract":"Thermal hydrolysis has proven to be an efficient pre-treatment process for sludge before anaerobic digestion (AD), by thermally enhancing organic matter hydrolysis. Recent research has shown that a new configuration with the existing technology can further enhance the efficiency of the system. The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process (ITHP) has been explored and tested in the Sludge and Energy Innovation Centre pilot plant located at Basingstoke sewage treatment works for a period of 15 months. The pilot facility has allowed operational considerations to be explored and understood to inform the design and construction of full scale. ITHP results showed a volatile solids destruction of 64% and an average overall specific gas production of 503 m3/TDS. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis was used to compare conventional thermal hydrolysis process (THP) with surplus activated sludge (SAS) only THP and ITHP. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81010145"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010145/Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of_a_scaling_rule_for_air_current_segregation_of_alumina_powder_in_cylindrical_silos"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Theoretical and experimental testing of a scaling rule for air current segregation of alumina powder in cylindrical silos" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87201856/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81010145/Theoretical_and_experimental_testing_of_a_scaling_rule_for_air_current_segregation_of_alumina_powder_in_cylindrical_silos">Theoretical and experimental testing of a scaling rule for air current segregation of alumina powder in cylindrical silos</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Powder Technology</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b9c80d6b1617c8f28de592ee30d8660d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87201856,"asset_id":81010145,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87201856/download_file?st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgzNDMxMSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81010145"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81010145"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010145; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010145]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81010145]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81010145; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81010145']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81010145, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b9c80d6b1617c8f28de592ee30d8660d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81010145]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81010145,"title":"Theoretical and experimental testing of a scaling rule for air current segregation of alumina powder in cylindrical silos","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Air current segregation (ACS) is one segregation phenomenon that has been identified to contribute significantly to the separation of fines (particles b 42 µm) from coarse material during the filling of industrial silos. This paper describes investigations of ACS for alumina powder based on experiments conducted in an industrial silo, in the laboratory and by computation, using the commercial computational fluid dynamics code Fluent. For the industrial silo, the extent of ACS has been measured using the accumulation of fine material at the wall as an indicator. Based on these results, modifications to the feeding system were undertaken which showed that ACS is promoted if the material is fed in a dilute form. Experiments in the laboratory confirmed this effect visually. In order to be able to compare numerically the extend of ACS, a segregation index has been developed. It was found that a dilute particle jet leads to more ACS than dense particle jet. The effects of solids feeding rate and air extraction rate on ACS have been investigated in the laboratory silo and the results clearly show that low solids feeding rates promote ACS. It was further found that an increase in the air extraction rate has a mild effect in suppressing ACS. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="68493248"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/68493248/Life_cycle_assessment_of_advanced_anaerobic_digestion_process_configurations_for_sewage_sludge_a_UK_perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Life cycle assessment of advanced anaerobic digestion process configurations for sewage sludge – a UK perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/68493248/Life_cycle_assessment_of_advanced_anaerobic_digestion_process_configurations_for_sewage_sludge_a_UK_perspective">Life cycle assessment of advanced anaerobic digestion process configurations for sewage sludge – a UK perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion tech...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion technologies for sewage sludge. These processes are now being implemented at large scale across the UK and within Thames Water. Although there are significant economic benefits to advanced anaerobic digestion (AD) processes, life cycle impact assessments have been limited in depth. This paper attempts to fill this gap in knowledge by comparing several process variants as part of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Using operating data, a process model was created to calculate the economic and environmental impact factors of the options during the life of the operational plant. It was found that advanced AD processes have advantages over conventional AD but the increased energy input requirements of thermal pre-treatment make it less beneficial under some conditions. Cleaning up biogas to enable Gas to Grid (GtG) injection requires significant renewable incentives to be economic and environmental ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68493248"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68493248"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68493248; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68493248]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68493248]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68493248; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='68493248']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68493248, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=68493248]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":68493248,"title":"Life cycle assessment of advanced anaerobic digestion process configurations for sewage sludge – a UK perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Over the past 10 years significant development has been made in advanced anaerobic digestion technologies for sewage sludge. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="68493238"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/68493238/Method_calculates_sand_velocity_hold_up_in_flowlines"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Method calculates sand velocity, hold-up in flowlines" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/68493238/Method_calculates_sand_velocity_hold_up_in_flowlines">Method calculates sand velocity, hold-up in flowlines</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Oil & Gas Journal</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="68493238"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68493238"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68493238; 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