Contact Support

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-us"> <head> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/img/favicon16-32.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us"> <meta name="keywords" content="Disqus, disqus.com, comments, blog, blogs, discussion"> <meta name="google" value="notranslate" /> <title> Contact Support — Disqus </title> <meta name="description" content="Disqus is a global comment system that improves discussion on websites and connects conversations across the web."> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> document.domain = 'disqus.com'; if (window.context === undefined) { var context = {}; } context.disqusUrl = 'https://disqus.com'; context.revealUrl = 'http://hubspot.disqus.biz/reveal-by-disqus-organic'; context.disqusDomain = 'disqus.com'; context.mediaUrl = '//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/'; context.uploadsUrl = '//a.disquscdn.com/uploads'; context.sslUploadsUrl = '//a.disquscdn.com/uploads'; context.loginUrl = 'https://disqus.com/profile/login/'; context.signupUrl = 'https://disqus.com/profile/signup/'; context.apiUrl = '//disqus.com/api/3.0/'; context.apiPublicKey = 'Y1S1wGIzdc63qnZ5rhHfjqEABGA4ZTDncauWFFWWTUBqkmLjdxloTb7ilhGnZ7z1'; context.forum = null; context.adminUrl = 'https://disqus.com'; context.urlMap = { 'signup': 'http://disqus.com/admin/signup/', 'dashboard': 'http://disqus.com/dashboard/', 'admin': 'https://disqus.com/admin/', 'logout': '//disqus.com/logout/', 'home': 'https://disqus.com', 'home_settings_profile': 'https://disqus.com/home/settings/profile/', 'for_websites': 'http://disqus.com/websites/', 'for_publishers': 'http://hubspot.disqus.biz/reveal-by-disqus-organic', 'login': 'https://disqus.com/profile/login/' }; context.navMap = { 'signup': '', 'dashboard': '', 'admin': '', 'addons': '' }; </script> <script src="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/js/src/auth_context.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <link href="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/css/base-old.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/build/css/6b1628fb5ca5.css" type="text/css" /> <link href="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/css/facebox.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//ssl.typography.com/797702/686420/css/fonts.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/build/js/abadd50d331d.js"></script> <script> // // shared/foundation.js // // This file contains the absolute minimum code necessary in order // to create a new application in the DISQUS namespace. // // You should load this file *before* anything that modifies the DISQUS global. // /*jshint browser:true, undef:true, strict:true, expr:true, white:true */ /*global DISQUS:true */ var DISQUS = (function (window, undefined) { "use strict"; var DISQUS = window.DISQUS || {}; // Exception thrown from DISQUS.assert method on failure DISQUS.AssertionError = function (message) { this.message = message; }; DISQUS.AssertionError.prototype.toString = function () { return 'Assertion Error: ' + (this.message || '[no message]'); }; // Raises a DISQUS.AssertionError if value is falsy DISQUS.assert = function (value, message, soft) { if (value) return; if (soft) window.console && window.console.log("DISQUS assertion failed: " + message); else throw new DISQUS.AssertionError(message); }; // Functions to clean attached modules (used by define and cleanup) var cleanFuncs = []; // Attaches a new public interface (module) to the DISQUS namespace. // For example, if DISQUS object is { 'a': { 'b': {} } }: // // DISQUS.define('a.b.c', function () { return { 'd': 'hello' }; }); will transform it into // -> { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': { 'd' : hello' }}}} // // and DISQUS.define('a', function () { return { 'x': 'world' }; }); will transform it into // -> { 'a': { 'b': {}}, 'x': 'world' } // // Attach modules to DISQUS using only this function. DISQUS.define = function (name, fn) { /*jshint loopfunc:true */ if (typeof name === 'function') { fn = name; name = ''; } var parts = name.split('.'); var part = parts.shift(); var cur = DISQUS; var exports = (fn || function () { return {}; }).call({ overwrites: function (obj) { obj.__overwrites__ = true; return obj; } }, window); while (part) { cur = (cur[part] ? cur[part] : cur[part] = {}); part = parts.shift(); } for (var key in exports) { if (!exports.hasOwnProperty(key)) continue; /*jshint eqnull:true */ if (!exports.__overwrites__ && cur[key] !== null) { DISQUS.assert(!cur.hasOwnProperty(key), 'Unsafe attempt to redefine existing module: ' + key, true /* soft assertion */); } cur[key] = exports[key]; cleanFuncs.push(function (cur, key) { return function () { delete cur[key]; }; }(cur, key)); } return cur; }; // Alias for DISQUS.define for the sake of semantics. // You should use it when you need to get a reference to another // DISQUS module before that module is defined: // // var collections = DISQUS.use('lounge.collections'); // // DISQUS.use is a single argument function because we don't // want to encourage people to use it instead of DISQUS.define. DISQUS.use = function (name) { return DISQUS.define(name); }; DISQUS.cleanup = function () { for (var i = 0; i < cleanFuncs.length; i++) { cleanFuncs[i](); } }; return DISQUS; })(window); /*jshint expr:true, undef:true, strict:true, white:true, browser:true */ /*global DISQUS:false*/ // // shared/corefuncs.js // DISQUS.define(function (window, undefined) { "use strict"; var DISQUS = window.DISQUS; var document = window.document; var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || document.body; var jobs = { running: false, timer: null, queue: [] }; var uid = 0; // Taken from _.uniqueId DISQUS.getUid = function (prefix) { var id = ++uid + ''; return prefix ? prefix + id : id; }; /* Defers func() execution until cond() is true */ DISQUS.defer = function (cond, func) { function beat() { /*jshint boss:true */ var queue = jobs.queue; if (queue.length === 0) { jobs.running = false; clearInterval(jobs.timer); } for (var i = 0, pair; pair = queue[i]; i++) { if (pair[0]()) { queue.splice(i--, 1); pair[1](); } } } jobs.queue.push([cond, func]); beat(); if (!jobs.running) { jobs.running = true; jobs.timer = setInterval(beat, 100); } }; DISQUS.isOwn = function (obj, key) { // The object.hasOwnProperty method fails when the // property under consideration is named 'hasOwnProperty'. return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key); }; DISQUS.isString = function (str) { return Object.prototype.toString.call(str) === "[object String]"; }; /* * Iterates over an object or a collection and calls a callback * function with each item as a parameter. */ DISQUS.each = function (collection, callback) { var length = collection.length, forEach = Array.prototype.forEach; if (!isNaN(length)) { // Treat collection as an array if (forEach) { forEach.call(collection, callback); } else { for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) { callback(collection[i], i, collection); } } } else { // Treat collection as an object for (var key in collection) { if (DISQUS.isOwn(collection, key)) { callback(collection[key], key, collection); } } } }; // Borrowed from underscore DISQUS.extend = function (obj) { DISQUS.each(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1), function (source) { for (var prop in source) { obj[prop] = source[prop]; } }); return obj; }; DISQUS.serializeArgs = function (params) { var pcs = []; DISQUS.each(params, function (val, key) { if (val !== undefined) { pcs.push(key + (val !== null ? '=' + encodeURIComponent(val) : '')); } }); return pcs.join('&'); }; DISQUS.serialize = function (url, params, nocache) { if (params) { url += (~url.indexOf('?') ? (url.charAt(url.length - 1) == '&' ? '': '&') : '?'); url += DISQUS.serializeArgs(params); } if (nocache) { var ncp = {}; ncp[(new Date()).getTime()] = null; return DISQUS.serialize(url, ncp); } var len = url.length; return (url.charAt(len - 1) == "&" ? url.slice(0, len - 1) : url); }; var TIMEOUT_DURATION = 2e4; // 20 seconds var addEvent, removeEvent; // select the correct event listener function. all of our supported // browsers will use one of these if ('addEventListener' in window) { addEvent = function (node, event, handler) { node.addEventListener(event, handler, false); }; removeEvent = function (node, event, handler) { node.removeEventListener(event, handler, false); }; } else { addEvent = function (node, event, handler) { node.attachEvent('on' + event, handler); }; removeEvent = function (node, event, handler) { node.detachEvent('on' + event, handler); }; } DISQUS.require = function (url, params, nocache, success, failure) { var script = document.createElement('script'); var evName = script.addEventListener ? 'load' : 'readystatechange'; var timeout = null; script.src = DISQUS.serialize(url, params, nocache); script.async = true; script.charset = 'UTF-8'; function handler(ev) { ev = ev || window.event; if (!ev.target) { ev.target = ev.srcElement; } if (ev.type != 'load' && !/^(complete|loaded)$/.test(ev.target.readyState)) { return; // Not ready yet } if (success) { success(); } if (timeout) { clearTimeout(timeout); } removeEvent(ev.target, evName, handler); } if (success || failure) { addEvent(script, evName, handler); } if (failure) { timeout = setTimeout(function () { failure(); }, TIMEOUT_DURATION); } head.appendChild(script); return DISQUS; }; DISQUS.requireStylesheet = function (url, params, nocache) { var link = document.createElement('link'); link.rel = 'stylesheet'; link.type = 'text/css'; link.href = DISQUS.serialize(url, params, nocache); head.appendChild(link); return DISQUS; }; DISQUS.requireSet = function (urls, nocache, callback) { var remaining = urls.length; DISQUS.each(urls, function (url) { DISQUS.require(url, {}, nocache, function () { if (--remaining === 0) { callback(); } }); }); }; DISQUS.injectCss = function (css) { var style = document.createElement('style'); style.setAttribute('type', 'text/css'); // Make inline CSS more readable by splitting each rule onto a separate line css = css.replace(/\}/g, "}\n"); if (window.location.href.match(/^https/)) css = css.replace(/http:\/\//g, 'https://'); if (style.styleSheet) { // Internet Explorer only style.styleSheet.cssText = css; } else { style.appendChild(document.createTextNode(css)); } head.appendChild(style); }; DISQUS.isString = function (val) { return Object.prototype.toString.call(val) === '[object String]'; }; }); /*jshint boss:true*/ /*global DISQUS */ DISQUS.define('Events', function (window, undefined) { "use strict"; // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization. var once = function (func) { var ran = false, memo; return function () { if (ran) return memo; ran = true; memo = func.apply(this, arguments); func = null; return memo; }; }; var has = DISQUS.isOwn; var keys = Object.keys || function (obj) { if (obj !== Object(obj)) throw new TypeError('Invalid object'); var keys = []; for (var key in obj) if (has(obj, key)) keys[keys.length] = key; return keys; }; var slice = [].slice; // Backbone.Events // --------------- // A module that can be mixed in to *any object* in order to provide it with // custom events. You may bind with `on` or remove with `off` callback // functions to an event; `trigger`-ing an event fires all callbacks in // succession. // // var object = {}; // _.extend(object, Backbone.Events); // object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); }); // object.trigger('expand'); // var Events = { // Bind an event to a `callback` function. Passing `"all"` will bind // the callback to all events fired. on: function (name, callback, context) { if (!eventsApi(this, 'on', name, [callback, context]) || !callback) return this; this._events = this._events || {}; var events = this._events[name] || (this._events[name] = []); events.push({callback: callback, context: context, ctx: context || this}); return this; }, // Bind an event to only be triggered a single time. After the first time // the callback is invoked, it will be removed. once: function (name, callback, context) { if (!eventsApi(this, 'once', name, [callback, context]) || !callback) return this; var self = this; var onced = once(function () { self.off(name, onced); callback.apply(this, arguments); }); onced._callback = callback; return this.on(name, onced, context); }, // Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all // callbacks with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all // callbacks for the event. If `name` is null, removes all bound // callbacks for all events. off: function (name, callback, context) { var retain, ev, events, names, i, l, j, k; if (!this._events || !eventsApi(this, 'off', name, [callback, context])) return this; if (!name && !callback && !context) { this._events = {}; return this; } names = name ? [name] : keys(this._events); for (i = 0, l = names.length; i < l; i++) { name = names[i]; if (events = this._events[name]) { this._events[name] = retain = []; if (callback || context) { for (j = 0, k = events.length; j < k; j++) { ev = events[j]; if ((callback && callback !== ev.callback && callback !== ev.callback._callback) || (context && context !== ev.context)) { retain.push(ev); } } } if (!retain.length) delete this._events[name]; } } return this; }, // Trigger one or many events, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are // passed the same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name // (unless you're listening on `"all"`, which will cause your callback to // receive the true name of the event as the first argument). trigger: function (name) { if (!this._events) return this; var args = slice.call(arguments, 1); if (!eventsApi(this, 'trigger', name, args)) return this; var events = this._events[name]; var allEvents = this._events.all; if (events) triggerEvents(events, args); if (allEvents) triggerEvents(allEvents, arguments); return this; }, // Tell this object to stop listening to either specific events ... or // to every object it's currently listening to. stopListening: function (obj, name, callback) { var listeners = this._listeners; if (!listeners) return this; var deleteListener = !name && !callback; if (typeof name === 'object') callback = this; if (obj) (listeners = {})[obj._listenerId] = obj; for (var id in listeners) { listeners[id].off(name, callback, this); if (deleteListener) delete this._listeners[id]; } return this; } }; // Regular expression used to split event strings. var eventSplitter = /\s+/; // Implement fancy features of the Events API such as multiple event // names `"change blur"` and jQuery-style event maps `{change: action}` // in terms of the existing API. var eventsApi = function (obj, action, name, rest) { if (!name) return true; // Handle event maps. if (typeof name === 'object') { for (var key in name) { obj[action].apply(obj, [key, name[key]].concat(rest)); } return false; } // Handle space separated event names. if (eventSplitter.test(name)) { var names = name.split(eventSplitter); for (var i = 0, l = names.length; i < l; i++) { obj[action].apply(obj, [names[i]].concat(rest)); } return false; } return true; }; // A difficult-to-believe, but optimized internal dispatch function for // triggering events. Tries to keep the usual cases speedy (most internal // Backbone events have 3 arguments). var triggerEvents = function (events, args) { var ev, i = -1, l = events.length, a1 = args[0], a2 = args[1], a3 = args[2]; switch (args.length) { case 0: while (++i < l) { (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx); } return; case 1: while (++i < l) { (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1); } return; case 2: while (++i < l) { (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2); } return; case 3: while (++i < l) { (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2, a3); } return; default: while (++i < l) { (ev = events[i]).callback.apply(ev.ctx, args); } } }; var listenMethods = {listenTo: 'on', listenToOnce: 'once'}; // Inversion-of-control versions of `on` and `once`. Tell *this* object to // listen to an event in another object ... keeping track of what it's // listening to. DISQUS.each(listenMethods, function (implementation, method) { Events[method] = function (obj, name, callback) { var listeners = this._listeners || (this._listeners = {}); var id = obj._listenerId || (obj._listenerId = DISQUS.getUid('l')); listeners[id] = obj; if (typeof name === 'object') callback = this; obj[implementation](name, callback, this); return this; }; }); // Aliases for backwards compatibility. Events.bind = Events.on; Events.unbind = Events.off; return Events; }); // used for /follow/ /login/ /signup/ social oauth dialogs // faking the bus DISQUS.use('Bus'); _.extend(DISQUS.Bus, DISQUS.Events); </script> <script src="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/js/src/global.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (window.AB_TESTS === undefined) { var AB_TESTS = {}; } </script> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> // Global tests $(document).ready(function() { $('a[rel*=facebox]').facebox(); }); </script> <script type="text/x-underscore-template" data-template-name="global-nav"> <% var has_custom_avatar = data.avatar_url && data.avatar_url.indexOf('noavatar') < 0; %> <% var has_custom_username = data.username && data.username.indexOf('disqus_') < 0; %> <% if (data.username) { %> <% if (data.has_forums) { %> <li class="admin<% if (has_custom_avatar || !has_custom_username) { %> avatar-menu-admin<% } %>" data-analytics="header admin"><a href="<%= data.urlMap.admin %>"><strong>Admin</strong></a></li> <% } %> <li class="user-dropdown dropdown-toggle<% if (has_custom_avatar || !has_custom_username) { %> avatar-menu<% } else { %> username-menu<% } %>" data-analytics="header username dropdown" data-floater-marker="<% if (has_custom_avatar || !has_custom_username) { %>square<% } %>"> <a href="<%= data.urlMap.home %>/<%= data.username %>/"> <% if (has_custom_avatar) { %> <img src="<%= data.avatar_url %>" class="avatar"> <% } else if (has_custom_username) { %> <%= data.username %> <% } else { %> <img src="<%= data.avatar_url %>" class="avatar"> <% } %> <span class="caret"></span> </a> <ul class="clearfix dropdown"> <li data-analytics="header view profile"><a href="<%= data.urlMap.home %>/<%= data.username %>/">View Profile</a></li> <li class="js-edit-profile" data-analytics="header edit profile"><a href="<%= data.urlMap.home_settings_profile %>">Edit Profile</a></li> <li class="logout" data-analytics="header logout"><a href="<%= data.urlMap.logout %>">Logout</a></li> </ul> </li> <% } else { %> <li class="link-login" data-analytics="header login"><a href="<%= data.urlMap.login %>?next=<%= encodeURIComponent(document.location.href) %>">Log in</a></li> <% } %> </script>   <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> // Global tests $(document).ready(function() { $('a[rel*=facebox]').facebox(); }); </script>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRHN8JCT');</script>  <link href="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/css/forms.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <style type="text/css"> form { width: 100%; } body:before {height: 200px;} .formRow label { display: none; } .formRow textarea, .formRow input, .formRow select { width: 100%; padding: 5px; margin: 5px 0 2px; height: 32px; font-size: 15px; } .formRow input { width: 100%; } .formRow { padding-left: 0; } .formRow .helptext { color: white; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; } #content .helptext a:link, #content .helptext a:visited, #content .helptext a:hover, #content .helptext a:active { color: white; text-decoration: underline; } .formRow select { width: 100%; } .fSelectRow label { width: 100%; padding-bottom: 5px; position: static; text-align: left; display: block; font-weight: bold; color: white; } .submitRow { margin-top: 18px; text-align: right; } .sidebox { border: 2px solid #ddd; padding: 20px 20px 0; font-size: 12px; background: #f8f8f8; } #content .container { width: 100%; max-width: none; } #content .box { overflow: hidden; padding: 0 0 20px; width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; background: #2e9fff; box-shadow: none; color: #ffffff; border-radius: 0px; } #content .box .primary { max-width: 960px; width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; float: none; } .global-header { padding: 50px 0 40px; } .global-footer .footer-nav { padding: 0px; } #content .box h2 { font-weight: bold; } hr { border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 30px 0; display: block; padding: 1px; } .fErrors { background: none; border: none; } .main ul.errorlist { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .errorlist li { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } #id_address { display: none; } #id_country { display: none; } #content .gsc-control-cse { padding: 0; background: transparent; border: none; } #content .gsc-input-box { border: none; box-shadow: none; background: transparent; } #content .gsc-search-box { margin: 0; } #content .gsc-search-box td { padding: 0; } #content .gsc-search-box td input { height: 35px !important; font-size: 15px; background-position-x: 5px !important; text-indent: 53px !important; background-color: #FFFFFF; } #content .gsc-input-box-focus td input { text-indent: 10px !important; } #content .gsib_b { display: none; } #content .gsc-search-box td { vertical-align: top; } #content .gsc-search-button-v2 { padding: 9px 15px; margin-left: 10px; background-color: white; color: #2e9fff; border: none; border-radius: 3px; font-weight: bold; } #content .gsc-search-button svg { display: none; } #content .gsc-search-button-v2:before { content: 'Search'; font-size: 13px; } #content .gsc-input-box table { margin: 0; } #support_frame_wrapper { max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px; border: 1px solid #c2c9d4; border-top: none; background: white; border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; } @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) { .global-header { padding: 50px 20px 40px; } .primary, .global-footer { padding: 0 20px; } } </style> </head> <body class="" id=""> <header class="global-header"> <nav class="global-nav"> <a href="/" class="logo" data-analytics="site logo"><img src="//a.disquscdn.com/1730296160/img/disqus-logo-alt-hidpi.png" width="102" height="20" alt="Disqus" title="Disqus - Discover your community"/></a> <ul class="nav pills" style="position: relative;"> <script type="text/x-underscore-template" class="js-inline-template"> <%= template.loadById('global-nav') %> </script> <noscript> <li data-analytics="header for websites"><a href="http://disqus.com/websites/">Features</a></li> <li class="link-login" data-analytics="header login"><a href="https://disqus.com/profile/login/">Log in</a></li> </noscript> </ul> </nav> </header> <div id="content"> <div class="container"> <script type="text/javascript"> const script = window.document.createElement('script'); 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