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spremembe</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-obcestvo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-obcestvo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skupnost </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Vsebina" title="Kraj, kjer lahko prejmete pomoč">Pomoč</a></li><li id="n-Pod-lipo" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Pod_lipo">Pod lipo</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Portal_skupnosti" title="O projektu, kaj lahko storite, kje lahko kaj najdete">Portal skupnosti</a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Stik_z_nami">Stik z nami</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Glavna_stran" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedija" 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<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Videz" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Videz </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl" class="">Denarni prispevki</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Komunizem" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno." class="">Ustvari račun</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl">Denarni prispevki</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Komunizem" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno."> Ustvari račun</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Komunizem" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"> Prijava</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologija_in_terminologija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologija_in_terminologija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Etimologija in terminologija </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Etimologija_in_terminologija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vklopi podrazdelek Etimologija in terminologija </button> <ul id="toc-Etimologija_in_terminologija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Komunizem_in_socializem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komunizem_in_socializem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Komunizem in socializem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komunizem_in_socializem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezana_uporaba_in_komunistične_države" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezana_uporaba_in_komunistične_države"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Povezana uporaba in komunistične države </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezana_uporaba_in_komunistične_države-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zgodovina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zgodovina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Zgodovina </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Zgodovina-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vklopi podrazdelek Zgodovina </button> <ul id="toc-Zgodovina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Zgodnji_komunizem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zgodnji_komunizem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Zgodnji komunizem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zgodnji_komunizem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revolucionarni_val_1917–1923" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolucionarni_val_1917–1923"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Revolucionarni val 1917–1923 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolucionarni_val_1917–1923-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komunistične_države" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komunistične_države"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Komunistične države </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komunistične_države-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sovjetska_zveza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sovjetska_zveza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 Sovjetska zveza </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sovjetska_zveza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kitajska" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kitajska"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 Kitajska </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kitajska-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teoretični_sistem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teoretični_sistem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Teoretični sistem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teoretični_sistem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politični_okvir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politični_okvir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Politični okvir </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politični_okvir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komunizem_in_religija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komunizem_in_religija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Komunizem in religija </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Komunizem_in_religija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vklopi podrazdelek Komunizem in religija </button> <ul id="toc-Komunizem_in_religija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Komunizem_in_Rimsko-katoliška_cerkev" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komunizem_in_Rimsko-katoliška_cerkev"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Komunizem in Rimsko-katoliška cerkev </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komunizem_in_Rimsko-katoliška_cerkev-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komunizem_danes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komunizem_danes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Komunizem danes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komunizem_danes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mednarodna_obsodba_komunizma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mednarodna_obsodba_komunizma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Mednarodna obsodba komunizma </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mednarodna_obsodba_komunizma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glej_tudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glej_tudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Glej tudi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glej_tudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sklici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sklici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Sklici </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sklici-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vklopi podrazdelek Sklici </button> <ul id="toc-Sklici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Navedbe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navedbe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Navedbe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navedbe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opombe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opombe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Opombe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opombe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citati" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citati"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Citati </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citati-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Bibliografija </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nadaljnje_branje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nadaljnje_branje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Nadaljnje branje </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nadaljnje_branje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zunanje_povezave" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zunanje_povezave"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Zunanje povezave </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zunanje_povezave-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Vklopi kazalo vsebine </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Komunizem</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 175 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-175" aria-hidden="true" > 175 jezikov </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – afrikanščina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – nemščina (Švica)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="nemščina (Švica)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%B0%E1%88%99%E1%8A%92%E1%88%B5%E1%88%9D" title="ኰሙኒስም – amharščina" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኰሙኒስም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – aragonščina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gem%C3%A6nre_%C3%A6hte_r%C3%A6d" title="Gemænre æhte ræd – stara angleščina" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gemænre æhte ræd" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="stara angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – angikaščina" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angikaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="شيوعية – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيوعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="شيوعية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شيوعية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izbrani članek"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%87" title="شيوعيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيوعيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="সাম্যবাদ – asamščina" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সাম্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismu" title="Comunismu – asturijščina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Comunismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – avadščina" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizm" title="Kommunizm – azerbajdžanščina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="کومونیسم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کومونیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – baškirščina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komun%C4%97zmos" title="Komunėzmos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Komunėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Камунізм – beloruščina" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Камунізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="beloruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Камунізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Камунізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Комунизъм – bolgarščina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Комунизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="সাম্যবাদ – bengalščina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাম্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunouriezh" title="Komunouriezh – bretonščina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Komunouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizam" title="Komunizam – bosanščina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Komunizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme" title="Comunisme – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comunisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%AA%CC%A4%E1%B9%B3ng-s%C4%81ng-ci%C5%8D-ngi%C3%AA" title="Gê̤ṳng-sāng-ciō-ngiê – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gê̤ṳng-sāng-ciō-ngiê" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – čečenščina" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – sebuanščina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="کۆمۆنیزم – osrednja kurdščina" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمۆنیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="osrednja kurdščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izbrani članek"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismus" title="Komunismus – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Komunismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiwnyddiaeth" title="Comiwnyddiaeth – valižanščina" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Comiwnyddiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valižanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – danščina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – nemščina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizm" title="Komunizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Komunizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Κομμουνισμός – grščina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κομμουνισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism" title="Communism – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Communism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism – estonščina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kommunism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – baskovščina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismu" title="Comunismu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Comunismu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dober članek"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="کمونیسم – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمونیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismi" title="Kommunismi – finščina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kommunismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kommunism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisma" title="Kommunisma – ferščina" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kommunisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ferščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Communisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismus" title="Komunismus – severna frizijščina" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Komunismus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severna frizijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisim" title="Comunisim – furlanščina" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Comunisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – zahodna frizijščina" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zahodna frizijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumannachas" title="Cumannachas – irščina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cumannachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="共產主義 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="共產主義" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kominism" title="Kominism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kominism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-mhaoineas" title="Co-mhaoineas – škotska gelščina" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Co-mhaoineas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotska gelščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – galicijščina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amo%C3%B1o%27%E1%BB%B9tekuareko" title="Amoño'ỹtekuareko – gvaranijščina" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Amoño'ỹtekuareko" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwaminisanci" title="Kwaminisanci – havščina" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kwaminisanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="havščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiung-s%C3%A1n_ch%C3%BA-ngi" title="Khiung-sán chú-ngi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khiung-sán chú-ngi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="קומוניזם – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קומוניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – hindijščina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samyawaad" title="Samyawaad – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Samyawaad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizam" title="Komunizam – hrvaščina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Komunizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizmus" title="Kommunizmus – madžarščina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kommunizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="madžarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Կոմունիզմ – armenščina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոմունիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismo" title="Communismo – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Communismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – ilokanščina" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dober članek"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komm%C3%BAnismi" title="Kommúnismi – islandščina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kommúnismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A3%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="共産主義 – japonščina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="共産主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamiunizam" title="Kamiunizam – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kamiunizam" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kaurpo%27esi%27o" title="kaurpo'esi'o – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kaurpo'esi'o" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumunisme" title="Kumunisme – javanščina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kumunisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კომუნიზმი – gruzijščina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კომუნიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komiinism" title="Komiinism – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Komiinism" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – kazaščina" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F" title="លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនីស្ត – kmerščina" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនីស្ត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmerščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಮ್ಯೂನಿಸಮ್ – kanareščina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಮ್ಯೂನಿಸಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanareščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="공산주의 – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공산주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – karačaj-balkarščina" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačaj-balkarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kom%C3%BBn%C3%AEzm" title="Komûnîzm – kurdščina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Komûnîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemynegoreth" title="Kemynegoreth – kornijščina" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kemynegoreth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – kirgiščina" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismus" title="Communismus – latinščina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Communismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – luksemburščina" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – lezginščina" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezginščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme" title="Comunisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Comunisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme – limburščina" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Communisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Comunism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kominisim%C9%9B" title="Kominisimɛ – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kominisimɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94" title="ຄອມມິວນິດ – laoščina" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄອມມິວນິດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizmas" title="Komunizmas – litovščina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Komunizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisms" title="Komunisms – latvijščina" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Komunisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Коммунизмась – mokšavščina" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Коммунизмась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšavščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4monisma" title="Kômonisma – malgaščina" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kômonisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuminih" title="Kuminih – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kuminih" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Комунизам – makedonščina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Комунизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="കമ്യൂണിസം – malajalamščina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കമ്യൂണിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – mongolščina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – maratščina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunisme" title="Komunisme – malajščina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komunisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komuni%C5%BCmu" title="Komuniżmu – malteščina" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Komuniżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quemunismo" title="Quemunismo – mirandeščina" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Quemunismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92" title="ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ – burmanščina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="کمونیسم – mazanderanščina" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کمونیسم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – nizka nemščina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nizka nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – nizka saščina" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="nizka saščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – nepalščina" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्यवाद – nevarščina" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साम्यवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communisme" title="Communisme – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Communisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – novonorveščina" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novonorveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisme" title="Kommunisme – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kommunisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commeunisme" title="Commeunisme – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Commeunisme" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisme" title="Comunisme – okcitanščina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Comunisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waltummaa" title="Waltummaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Waltummaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE" title="ਕਮਿਊਨਿਜ਼ਮ – pandžabščina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਮਿਊਨਿਜ਼ਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conmunnime" title="Conmunnime – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Conmunnime" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizm" title="Komunizm – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Komunizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Comunism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%85" title="کمیونزم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کمیونزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="کمونيزم – paštunščina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کمونيزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumunismu" title="Kumunismu – kečuanščina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kumunismu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communissem" title="Communissem – retoromanščina" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Communissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunism" title="Comunism – romunščina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Comunism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – ruščina" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Комунизм – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Комунизм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83" title="समानतावादः – sanskrt" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="समानतावादः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrt" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – jakutščina" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumunismu" title="Cumunismu – sicilijanščina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cumunismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism" title="Communism – škotščina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Communism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ڪميونزم – sindščina" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪميونزم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunisma" title="Kommunisma – severna samijščina" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kommunisma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="severna samijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizam" title="Komunizam – srbohrvaščina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Komunizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbohrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="කොමියුනිස්ට්වාදය – sinhalščina" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කොමියුනිස්ට්වාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism" title="Communism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Communism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizmus" title="Komunizmus – slovaščina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Komunizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuuciyad" title="Shuuciyad – somalščina" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Shuuciyad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunizmi" title="Komunizmi – albanščina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komunizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Комунизам – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Комунизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukhomanisi" title="Bukhomanisi – svazijščina" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Bukhomanisi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="svazijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bok%C3%B4minisii" title="Bokôminisii – sesoto" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Bokôminisii" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sesoto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunismus" title="Kommunismus – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kommunismus" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunism" title="Kommunism – švedščina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kommunism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukomunisti" title="Ukomunisti – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ukomunisti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="பொதுவுடைமை – tamilščina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொதுவுடைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="కమ్యూనిజం – telugijščina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కమ్యూనిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – tadžiščina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์ – tajščina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – tagalogščina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kom%C3%BCnizm" title="Komünizm – turščina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Komünizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – tatarščina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – tuvinščina" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Коммунизм – udmurtščina" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Коммунизм" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%87%D9%85%D9%85%DB%87%D9%86%D9%89%D8%B2%D9%85" title="كۇممۇنىزم – ujgurščina" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كۇممۇنىزم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Комунізм – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Комунізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="اشتمالیت – urdujščina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اشتمالیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdujščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizm" title="Kommunizm – uzbeščina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunismo" title="Comunismo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Comunismo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommunizm" title="Kommunizm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kommunizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_c%E1%BB%99ng_s%E1%BA%A3n" title="Chủ nghĩa cộng sản – vietnamščina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa cộng sản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%C3%A4dim" title="Kobädim – volapik" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kobädim" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunisse" title="Comunisse – valonščina" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Comunisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo – varajščina" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Komunismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义 – wu-kitajščina" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="共产主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კომუნიზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კომუნიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izbrani članek"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="קאמוניזם – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאמוניזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%E1%B9%A3ek%E1%BB%8D%CC%81m%C3%BAn%C3%ADst%C3%AC" title="Ìṣekọ́múnístì – jorubščina" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣekọ́múnístì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义 – kitajščina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="共产主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="共產主義 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="共產主義" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C5%8Dng-s%C3%A1n-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Kiōng-sán-chú-gī – min nan kitajščina" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kiōng-sán-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="共產主義 – kantonščina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="共產主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6186#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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Wikipodatkih</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Videz</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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href="/wiki/Skrajna_levica" title="Skrajna levica">skrajno leva</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Politi%C4%8Dna_sociologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politična sociologija (stran ne obstaja)">družbenopolitična</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dna_filozofija" title="Politična filozofija">filozofska</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomska_ideologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomska ideologija (stran ne obstaja)">ekonomska</a> <a href="/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija">ideologija</a> znotraj <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vrste_socializma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vrste socializma (stran ne obstaja)">socialističnega gibanja</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">[1]</a> katerega cilj je vzpostavitev <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_dru%C5%BEba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična družba (stran ne obstaja)">komunistične družbe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dru%C5%BEbena_ekonomija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Družbena ekonomija (stran ne obstaja)">gospodarsko-družbene</a> ureditve, ki temelji na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skupna_lastnina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skupna lastnina (stran ne obstaja)">skupnem lastništvu</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proizvajalna_sredstva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proizvajalna sredstva (stran ne obstaja)">proizvajalnih sredstev</a>, distribucije in vrednosti, pri čemer so dobrine po potrebah dodeljene vsem v družbi.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Steele_p.43-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Vključuje tudi odsotnost <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zasebna_lastnina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zasebna lastnina (stran ne obstaja)">zasebne lastnine</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dru%C5%BEbeni_razred" title="Družbeni razred">družbenih razredov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denar" title="Denar">denarja</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država">države</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Komunisti si pogosto prizadevajo za prostovoljno samoupravo, vendar se ne strinjajo glede sredstev za dosego tega cilja. To odraža razliko med bolj <a href="/wiki/Libertarianizem" title="Libertarianizem">libertarnim</a> pristopom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizacija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunizacija (stran ne obstaja)">komunizacije</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucionarna_spontanost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolucionarna spontanost (stran ne obstaja)">revolucionarne spontanosti</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delavska_samouprava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delavska samouprava (stran ne obstaja)">delavskega samoupravljanja</a> ter bolj <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avantgardizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avantgardizem (stran ne obstaja)">avantgardističnim</a> ali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_partija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična partija (stran ne obstaja)">partijskim</a> pristopom z razvojem ustavne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_dr%C5%BEava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična država (stran ne obstaja)">socialistične države</a>, ki ji sledi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odmiranje_dr%C5%BEave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odmiranje države (stran ne obstaja)">odmiranje države</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kinna_2012-10">[10]</a> Komunizem se kot ena izmed glavnih ideologij na <a href="/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dni_spekter" title="Politični spekter">političnem spektru</a> uvršča na levo krilo poleg <a href="/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem">socializma</a>, komunistične stranke in komunistična gibanja pa so bila večkrat opisana kot radikalno ali skrajno leva.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgeWilcox199695-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[note 1]</a> V preteklosti so se razvile raznovrstne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seznam_komunisti%C4%8Dnih_ideologij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seznam komunističnih ideologij (stran ne obstaja)">različice komunizma</a>, med drugim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarho-komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anarho-komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">anarho-komunizem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marksisti%C4%8Dna_%C5%A1ola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marksistična šola (stran ne obstaja)">marksistična šola</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verski_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verski komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">verski komunizem</a>. Komunizem vključuje različne <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ola_(znanost)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šola (znanost) (stran ne obstaja)">šole</a>, ki na splošno vključujejo <a href="/wiki/Marksizem" title="Marksizem">marksizem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leninizem" title="Leninizem">leninizem</a> in libertarni komunizem, pa tudi <a href="/wiki/Ideologija#Politične_ideologije" title="Ideologija">politične ideologije</a>, združene okoli obeh. Vsem tem različnim ideologijam je skupna analiza, da sedanji družbeni red izhaja iz <a href="/wiki/Kapitalizem" title="Kapitalizem">kapitalizma</a>, njegovega <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospodarski_sistem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gospodarski sistem (stran ne obstaja)">gospodarskega sistema</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proizvajalni_na%C4%8Din&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proizvajalni način (stran ne obstaja)">načina proizvodnje</a>, da v tem sistemu obstajata dva glavna družbena razreda, med katerima je odnos izkoriščevalski in da je ta položaj mogoče rešiti le z <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dru%C5%BEbena_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Družbena revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">družbeno revolucijo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Marx_&_Engels_1848-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[nb 1]</a> Te dva razreda sta <a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">proletariat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Delavski_razred" class="mw-redirect" title="Delavski razred">delavski razred</a>), ki predstavlja večino prebivalstva v družbi, ki mora, če želi preživeti, svoje delo prodajati ter <a href="/wiki/Bur%C5%BEoazija" title="Buržoazija">buržoazija</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapitalist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapitalist (stran ne obstaja)">kapitalistični</a> razred), majhna manjšina, ki ima v zasebni lasti proizvodna sredstva, s pomočjo katerih zaposluje delavski razred z namenom pridobitve dobička. Po tej analizi bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">komunistična revolucija</a> na oblast postavila delavski razred in s tem vzpostavila skupno lastnino, ki je glavni element preoblikovanja družbe v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dni_na%C4%8Din_proizvodnje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistični način proizvodnje (stran ne obstaja)">komunistični način proizvodnje</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> Komunizem v svoji sodobni obliki je zrasel iz evropskega socialističnega gibanja v 19. stoletju, ki je kapitalizem krivil za bedo mestnih tovarniških delavcev.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">[1]</a> V 20. stoletju so v nekaterih delih sveta na oblast prišle navidezno komunistične vlade, ki so zagovarjale <a href="/wiki/Marksizem-leninizem" title="Marksizem-leninizem">marksizem-leninizem</a> in njegove različice.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> Sprva se je to z <a href="/wiki/Oktobrska_revolucija" title="Oktobrska revolucija">oktobrsko revolucijo</a> v <a href="/wiki/Sovjetska_zveza" title="Sovjetska zveza">Sovjetski zvezi</a> zgodilo leta 1917, po <a href="/wiki/Druga_svetovna_vojna" title="Druga svetovna vojna">drugi svetovni vojni</a> pa še v delih Vzhodne Evrope, Azije in v nekaterih drugih regijah.<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> Skupaj s <a href="/wiki/Socialna_demokracija" title="Socialna demokracija">socialno demokracijo</a> je komunizem v začetku dvajsetih let 20. stoletja postal prevladujoča politična usmeritev v mednarodnem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dno_gibanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistično gibanje (stran ne obstaja)">socialističnem gibanju</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman20055-28">[26]</a> Večino 20. stoletja je približno tretjina svetovnega prebivalstva živela pod komunističnimi vladami.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">[1]</a> Za te vlade, ki so bile s strani drugih levičarjev in socialistov kritizirane, je bila značilna <a href="/wiki/Enostrankarski_sistem" title="Enostrankarski sistem">enopartijska vladavina</a> komunistične stranke, zavračanje zasebne lastnine in kapitalizma, državni nadzor nad gospodarskimi dejavnostmi in <a href="/wiki/Mno%C5%BEi%C4%8Dni_mediji" class="mw-redirect" title="Množični mediji">množičnimi mediji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEavni_ateizem" title="Državni ateizem">omejevanje</a> <a href="/wiki/Verska_svoboda" title="Verska svoboda">verske svobode</a> ter zatiranje opozicije in nasprotovanja. Po <a href="/wiki/Razpad_Sovjetske_zveze" title="Razpad Sovjetske zveze">razpadu Sovjetske zveze</a> leta 1991 je več prej komunističnih vlad zavrnilo ali popolnoma odpravilo komunistično vladavino.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dunn2-30">[28]</a> Pozneje je ostalo le majhno število nominalno komunističnih vlad, in sicer <a href="/wiki/Ljudska_republika_Kitajska" title="Ljudska republika Kitajska">Kitajska</a>,<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kuba" title="Kuba">Kuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Severna_Koreja" title="Severna Koreja">Severna Koreja</a><a href="#cite_note-NKorea-38">[note 2]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELansford20079–24,_36–44-39">[36]</a> Z izjemo Severne Koreje so vse te države začele dopuščati večjo gospodarsko konkurenco, hkrati pa ohranile enostrankarsko vladavino.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">[1]</a> Medtem ko je Sovjetska zveza kot prva nominalno komunistična država na svetu povzročila, da se je komunizem pogosto povezoval s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovjetski_gospodarski_model&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovjetski gospodarski model (stran ne obstaja)">sovjetskim gospodarskim modelom</a>, številni raziskovalci trdijo, da je model v praksi deloval kot oblika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr%C5%BEavni_kapitalizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Državni kapitalizem (stran ne obstaja)">državnega kapitalizma</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Chomsky,_Howard,_Fitzgibbons-40">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[38]</a> Javni spomin na komunistične države 20. stoletja je opisan kot bojišče med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-antikomunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-antikomunizem (stran ne obstaja)">anti-antikomunizmom</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikomunizmom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikomunizmom (stran ne obstaja)">antikomunizmom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGhodseeSehonDresser2018-42">[39]</a> Številni avtorji so pisali o množičnih pobojih v komunističnih režimih in stopnjah umrljivosti,<a href="#cite_note-60">[nb 2]</a> kot je na primer <a href="/wiki/Prese%C5%BEna_umrljivost_v_Sovjetski_zvezi_v_%C4%8Dasu_Josifa_Stalina" title="Presežna umrljivost v Sovjetski zvezi v času Josifa Stalina">presežna umrljivost v Sovjetski zvezi v času Josipa Stalina</a>,<a href="#cite_note-65">[nb 3]</a> ki ob razpravljanju o komunizmu in dediščini komunističnih držav ostajajo kontroverzne, polarizirane in sporne tematike v akademskih krogih, zgodovinopisju in politiki.<a href="#cite_note-Ghodsee_2014-66">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-Neumayer_2018-67">[62]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5282043">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologija_in_terminologija">Etimologija in terminologija</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Etimologija in terminologija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Etimologija in terminologija">uredi kodo</a>]</div> Komunizem smo v slovenščino prevzeli iz <a href="/wiki/Nem%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Nemščina">nemške</a> besede Kommunismus, kar je v 19. stoletju skovana beseda iz <a href="/wiki/Latin%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Latinščina">latinskih</a> korenov communis in pripone isme.<a href="#cite_note-68">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harper_2020-69">[64]</a> Semantično lahko communis prevedemo v »od skupnosti ali za skupnost«, medtem ko je isme pripona, ki označuje abstrakcijo v stanje, pogoj, dejanje ali <a href="/wiki/Doktrina" title="Doktrina">doktrino</a>. Komunizem je mogoče razlagati kot »stanje v/za skupnost(i)«; ta semantična sestava je privedla do številnih uporab besede v njenem razvoju. Preden se je beseda začela povezovati s sodobnejšim pojmovanjem gospodarske in politične organizacije, se je uporabljala za označevanje različnih družbenih razmer. Komunizem se je nato začel povezovati predvsem z <a href="/wiki/Marksizem" title="Marksizem">marksizmom</a>, bolj specifično s <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dni_manifest" title="Komunistični manifest">Komunističnim manifestom</a>, ki je predlagal posebno vrsto komunizma.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20192-70">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-Morris-71">[66]</a> Ena od prvih uporab te besede v sodobnem pomenu je pismo, ki ga je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_d%27Hupay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor d'Hupay (stran ne obstaja)">Victor d'Hupay</a> poslal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Restif_de_la_Bretonne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Restif de la Bretonne (stran ne obstaja)">Restifu de la Bretonnu</a> okoli leta 1785 v katerem se opisuje kot auteur communiste (»komunistični avtor«).<a href="#cite_note-72">[67]</a> Leta 1793 je Restif prvič uporabil communisme za opis družbene ureditve, ki temelji na <a href="/wiki/Egalitarizem" title="Egalitarizem">egalitarizmu</a> in skupni lastnini.<a href="#cite_note-Hodges-73">[68]</a> Restif je ta izraz pogosto uporabljal v svojih delih in je bil prvi, ki je komunizem opisal kot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oblika_vladavine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oblika vladavine (stran ne obstaja)">obliko vladavine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[69]</a> Za prvo uporabo besede v angleščini je zaslužen <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Goodwyn_Barmby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Goodwyn Barmby (stran ne obstaja)">John Goodwyn Barmby</a>, ki je to storil okoli leta 1840.<a href="#cite_note-Harper_2020-69">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Komunizem_in_socializem">Komunizem in socializem</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Komunizem in socializem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Komunizem in socializem">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg/167px-Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="167" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg/251px-Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg/334px-Hammer_and_Sickle_and_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="692" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Srp_in_kladivo" title="Srp in kladivo">Srp in kladivo</a> sta pogosto del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dni_simbolizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistični simbolizem (stran ne obstaja)">komunističnih simbolov</a>. To je primer vzorca srpa in kladiva ter <a href="/wiki/Rde%C4%8Da_zvezda" title="Rdeča zvezda">rdeče zvezde</a> z <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zastava_Sovjetske_zveze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zastava Sovjetske zveze (stran ne obstaja)">zastave Sovjetske zveze</a>.</figcaption></figure> Od štiridesetih let 19. stoletja se komunizem običajno razlikuje od <a href="/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem">socializma</a>. Sodobna opredelitev in uporaba slednje se je uveljavila v šestdesetih letih 19. stoletja in je prevladala nad alternativnimi izrazi asociativizem (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fourierizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fourierizem (stran ne obstaja)">fourierizem</a>), <a href="/wiki/Zadruga" title="Zadruga">kooperativa</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutualizem_(gospodarska_teorija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutualizem (gospodarska teorija) (stran ne obstaja)">mutualizem</a>, ki so se prej uporabljali kot sopomenke.<a href="#cite_note-Williams_1985,_p._289-75">[70]</a> Zgodnja razlika med komunizmom in socializmom je, da je bil cilj socializma le socializacija <a href="/wiki/Proizvodnja_(ekonomija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Proizvodnja (ekonomija)">proizvodnje</a>, medtem ko je bil cilj komunizma socializacija proizvodnje in <a href="/wiki/Potro%C5%A1nja" title="Potrošnja">potrošnje</a> (v obliki skupnega dostopa do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kon%C4%8Dno_blago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Končno blago (stran ne obstaja)">končnega blaga</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Steele_p.432-76">[71]</a> To razliko lahko opazimo v Marxovem komunizmu, kjer razdelitev izdelkov temelji na načelu »<a href="/w/index.php?title=Od_vsakega_toliko,_kolikor_zmore_in_vsakemu_toliko,_kolikor_potrebuje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Od vsakega toliko, kolikor zmore in vsakemu toliko, kolikor potrebuje (stran ne obstaja)">vsakemu toliko, kolikor potrebuje</a>« v nasprotju s socialističnim načelom »<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vsakemu_toliko,_kolikor_zmore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vsakemu toliko, kolikor zmore (stran ne obstaja)">vsakemu toliko, kolikor zmore</a>«.<a href="#cite_note-77">[72]</a> Socializem je opisan kot filozofija, ki si prizadeva za distributivno pravičnost, komunizem pa kot podvrsta socializma, ki daje prednost ekonomski enakosti kot obliki distributivne pravičnosti.<a href="#cite_note-78">[73]</a> Do leta 1888 so marksisti uporabljali besedo socializem namesto komunizem, ki je veljala za staromodno sopomenko za prvi pojem. Socializem se je začel označevati kot ločena stopnja med kapitalizmom in komunizmom šele z <a href="/wiki/Oktobrska_revolucija" title="Oktobrska revolucija">boljševiško revolucijo</a> leta 1917, ki jo je uvedel <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a> kot sredstvo za obrambo <a href="/wiki/Bolj%C5%A1eviki" title="Boljševiki">boljševiškega</a> prevzema oblasti pred tradicionalno marksistično kritiko, ki je trdila, da ruske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proizvodne_sile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proizvodne sile (stran ne obstaja)">proizvodne sile</a> niso dovolj razvite za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">socialistično revolucijo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Steele,_pp.44–45-79">[74]</a> Razlikovanje med besedama komunist in socialist kot opisa političnih ideologij se je pojavilo leta 1918, ko se je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruska_socialdemokratska_delavska_stranka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruska socialdemokratska delavska stranka (stran ne obstaja)">Ruska socialdemokratska delavska stranka</a> preimenovala v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vseruska_komunisti%C4%8Dna_partija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vseruska komunistična partija (stran ne obstaja)">Vserusko komunistično partijo</a>, pri čemer so je začela beseda komunist posebej nanašati na socialiste, ki so podpirali politiko in teorije boljševizma, <a href="/wiki/Leninizem" title="Leninizem">leninizma</a> in kasneje v 20. letih 20. stoletja <a href="/wiki/Marksizem-leninizem" title="Marksizem-leninizem">marksizma-leninizma</a>,<a href="#cite_note-80">[75]</a> čeprav so se <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_partija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična partija (stran ne obstaja)">komunistične partije</a> še naprej označevale kot socialisti, ki se zavzemajo za socializem.<a href="#cite_note-Williams_1985,_p._289-75">[70]</a> Tako komunizem kot socializem sta se sčasoma uskladila s kulturnim odnosom privržencev in nasprotnikov do <a href="/wiki/Vera" class="mw-redirect" title="Vera">religije</a>. V evropskem krščanstvu je komunizem veljal za <a href="/wiki/Ateizem" title="Ateizem">ateistični</a> način življenja. V protestantski Angliji je bila beseda komunizem preveč <a href="/wiki/Fonetika" title="Fonetika">fonetično</a> podobna rimskokatoliškemu <a href="/wiki/Obhajilo" class="mw-redirect" title="Obhajilo">obredu obhajila</a> (communion rite), zato so se angleški ateisti raje označili za socialiste.<a href="#cite_note-81">[76]</a> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a> je dejal, da je bil leta 1848, ko je bil prvič objavljen <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dni_manifest" title="Komunistični manifest">Komunistični manifest</a>,<a href="#cite_note-82">[77]</a> socializem na celini ugleden, komunizem pa ne; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Owenizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Owenizem (stran ne obstaja)">owenovci</a> v Angliji in fourieristi v Franciji so veljali za ugledne socialiste, medtem ko so se delavska gibanja, ki so »razglašala nujnost popolne družbene spremembe«, označila za komunistična. V tej zadnji veji socializma sta komunistično delo ustvarila <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet" title="Étienne Cabet">Étienne Cabet</a> v Franciji in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Weitling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Weitling (stran ne obstaja)">Wilhelm Weitling</a> v Nemčiji.<a href="#cite_note-83">[78]</a> Medtem ko so <a href="/wiki/Liberalni_demokrati" title="Liberalni demokrati">liberalni demokrati</a> na <a href="/wiki/Revolucije_leta_1848" title="Revolucije leta 1848">revolucije leta 1848</a> gledali kot na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demokrati%C4%8Dna_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demokratična revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">demokratično revolucijo</a>, ki je dolgoročno zagotovila <a href="/wiki/Svoboda,_enakost,_bratstvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Svoboda, enakost, bratstvo">svobodo, enakost in bratstvo</a>, so marksisti obsodili leto 1848 kot izdajo idealov delavskega razreda s strani <a href="/wiki/Bur%C5%BEoazija" title="Buržoazija">buržoazije</a>, ki je bila brezbrižna do legitimnih zahtev <a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">proletariata</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[79]</a> Po podatkih Oxfordskega priročnika o Karlu Marxu (The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx) »je Marx za postkapitalistično družbo uporabljal številne izraze—pozitivni humanizem, socializem, komunizem, kraljestvo svobodne individualnosti, svobodno združenje proizvajalcev itd. Te izraze je uporabljal povsem izmenično. Pojma 'socializem' in 'komunizem' kot različni zgodovinski stopnji sta mu tuja in sta v leksikon marksizma vstopila šele po njegovi smrti.«<a href="#cite_note-Hudis_et_al._2018-85">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Enciklopedija_Britannica" title="Enciklopedija Britannica">Enciklopedija Britannica</a> navaja: »O tem, kako natančno se komunizem razlikuje od socializma, se razpravlja že dolgo, vendar razlikovanje v veliki meri temelji na tem, da komunisti sledijo revolucionarnemu socializmu Karla Marxa.«<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20192-70">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Povezana_uporaba_in_komunistične_države">Povezana uporaba in komunistične države</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi razdelek: Povezana uporaba in komunistične države" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=3" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Povezana uporaba in komunistične države">uredi kodo</a>]</div> V Združenih državah Amerike se komunizem, podobno kot socializem, pogosto uporablja kot slabšalni izraz, predvsem v zvezi z <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avtoritarni_socializem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avtoritarni socializem (stran ne obstaja)">avtoritarnim socializmom</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_dr%C5%BEava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična država (stran ne obstaja)">komunističnimi državami</a>. Po nastanku <a href="/wiki/Sovjetska_zveza" title="Sovjetska zveza">Sovjetske zveze</a> kot prve nominalno komunistične države na svetu se je izraz začel pogosto povezovati z <a href="/wiki/Marksizem-leninizem" title="Marksizem-leninizem">marksizmom-leninizmom</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovjetski_model_gospodarskega_na%C4%8Drtovanja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovjetski model gospodarskega načrtovanja (stran ne obstaja)">sovjetskim modelom gospodarskega načrtovanja</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20192-70">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[82]</a> Po mnenju Rachel Walker je marksizem-leninizem prazen pojem, ki je odvisen od pristopa in podlage vladajočih komunističnih strank ter je dinamičen in odprt za redefinicije, pri čemer je v pomenu hkrati stalen in nestalen.<a href="#cite_note-88">[83]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Malia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Malia (stran ne obstaja)">Martin Malia</a> v svojem eseju »Presojanje nacizma in komunizma« (Judging Nazism and Communism)<a href="#cite_note-89">[84]</a> opredeli kategorijo »generičnega komunizma« kot vsako komunistično strankarsko gibanje, ki ga vodijo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelektualec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelektualec (stran ne obstaja)">intelektualci</a>; ta krovni izraz omogoča združevanje tako različnih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C5%BEim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Režim (stran ne obstaja)">režimov</a>, kot sta radikalni sovjetski industrializem in antiurbanizem <a href="/wiki/Rde%C4%8Di_Kmeri" title="Rdeči Kmeri">Rdečih Kmerov</a>.<a href="#cite_note-David-Fox_2004-90">[85]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Dallin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Dallin (stran ne obstaja)">Alexander Dallin</a> meni, da zamisel o združevanju različnih držav, kot sta npr. <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mad%C5%BEarska" title="Madžarska">Madžarska</a>, nima ustrezne razlage.<a href="#cite_note-Dallin_2000-91">[86]</a> Čeprav zahodni zgodovinarji, politologi in mediji uporabljajo izraz komunistična država za države, v katerih vladajo komunistične stranke, se <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seznam_socialisti%C4%8Dnih_dr%C5%BEav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seznam socialističnih držav (stran ne obstaja)">te države</a> same ne opisujejo kot komunistične ali trdijo, da so dosegle komunizem, temveč se imenujejo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_dr%C5%BEava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična država (stran ne obstaja)">socialistične države</a>, ki so v procesu izgradnje komunizma.<a href="#cite_note-92">[87]</a> Komunistične države so zase uporabljale naslednje izraze: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nacionalna_demokracija_(marksizem-leninizem)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nacionalna demokracija (marksizem-leninizem) (stran ne obstaja)">nacionalno-demokratična</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ljudska_demokracija_(marksizem-leninizem)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ljudska demokracija (marksizem-leninizem) (stran ne obstaja)">ljudska demokratična</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dno_usmerjene_dr%C5%BEave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistično usmerjene države (stran ne obstaja)">socialistično usmerjena</a> ter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_dr%C5%BEava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična država (stran ne obstaja)">delavsko-kmečka</a> država.<a href="#cite_note-93">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zgodovina">Zgodovina</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi razdelek: Zgodovina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=4" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Zgodovina">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle">Glavni članek: <a href="/wiki/Zgodovina_komunizma" title="Zgodovina komunizma">Zgodovina komunizma</a>.</div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zgodnji_komunizem">Zgodnji komunizem</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi razdelek: Zgodnji komunizem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=5" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Zgodnji komunizem">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="rellink">Več informacij: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Predmarksisti%C4%8Dni_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predmarksistični komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">Predmarksistični komunizem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Primitivni_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primitivni komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">Primitivni komunizem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verski_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verski komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">Verski komunizem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Znanstveni_socializem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Znanstveni socializem (stran ne obstaja)">Znanstveni socializem</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Utopi%C4%8Dni_socializem" title="Utopični socializem">Utopični socializem</a></div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Pipes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Pipes (stran ne obstaja)">Richard Pipes</a> meni,<a href="#cite_note-Pipes-94">[89]</a> da se je zamisel o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brezrazredna_dru%C5%BEba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brezrazredna družba (stran ne obstaja)">brezrazredni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egalitarizem" title="Egalitarizem">egalitarni</a> družbi prvič pojavila v <a href="/wiki/Anti%C4%8Dna_Gr%C4%8Dija" title="Antična Grčija">antični Grčiji</a>, od 20. stoletja pa se razpravlja tudi o <a href="/wiki/Starorimska_civilizacija" title="Starorimska civilizacija">antičnem Rimu</a>, med drugim o mislecih, kot so <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Tulij_Cicero" title="Mark Tulij Cicero">Cicero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demosten" title="Demosten">Demosten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Publij_Kornelij_Tacit" title="Publij Kornelij Tacit">Tacit</a>, pri čemer se zlasti o Platonu govori kot o možnem teoretiku komunizma ali socializma<a href="#cite_note-95">[90]</a> oziroma kot o prvem avtorju, ki je resno razmišljal o komunizmu.<a href="#cite_note-96">[91]</a> Gibanje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazdak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazdak (stran ne obstaja)">Mazdak</a> iz 5. stoletja v <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Perziji</a> (današnji Iran) je bilo opisano kot komunistično, saj je izpodbijalo ogromne privilegije <a href="/wiki/Plemstvo" title="Plemstvo">plemiških razredov</a> in <a href="/wiki/Klerik" title="Klerik">duhovščine</a>, kritiziralo institucijo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zasebno_premo%C5%BEenje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zasebno premoženje (stran ne obstaja)">zasebnega premoženja</a> in si prizadevalo za vzpostavitev egalitarne družbe.<a href="#cite_note-97">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ermak_2019-98">[93]</a> V nekem obdobju so obstajale različne majhne komunistične skupnosti, običajno pod navdihom <a href="/wiki/Verska_literatura" title="Verska literatura">verske literature</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELansford200724–25-45">[42]</a> V srednjeveški <a href="/wiki/Cerkev_(organizacija)" title="Cerkev (organizacija)">krščanski Cerkvi</a> so si nekatere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meni%C5%A1tvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meništvo (stran ne obstaja)">meniške</a> skupnosti in <a href="/wiki/Cerkveni_red" title="Cerkveni red">redovi</a> delili zemljo in drugo premoženje. Kot sta povzela Janzen Rod in Max Stanton, so <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huteriti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huteriti (stran ne obstaja)">huteriti</a> verjeli v strogo spoštovanje svetopisemskih načel, cerkveno disciplino in prakticirali neke vrste komunizem. Huteriti so v svojih skupnostih »vzpostavili strog sistem Ordnungov, ki so bili kodeksi pravil in predpisov, ki so urejali vse vidike življenja in zagotavljali enotno perspektivo. Kot gospodarski sistem je bil komunizem privlačen za številne kmete, ki so podpirali socialno revolucijo v srednji Evropi 16. stoletja.«<a href="#cite_note-99">[94]</a> To povezavo je v enem od svojih zgodnjih spisov poudaril Karl Marx, ki je dejal: »tako kot je Kristus posrednik, na katerega človek prenese vso svojo božanskost, vse svoje verske vezi, je država posrednik, na katerega prenese vso svojo brezbožnost, vso svojo človeško svobodo«.<a href="#cite_note-100">[95]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_M%C3%BCntzer" title="Thomas Müntzer">Thomas Müntzer</a> je med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nem%C5%A1ka_kme%C4%8Dka_vojna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemška kmečka vojna (stran ne obstaja)">nemško kmečko vojno</a> vodil veliko <a href="/wiki/Anabaptisti" title="Anabaptisti">anabaptistično</a> komunistično gibanje, ki ga je <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a> leta 1850 analiziral v svojem delu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nem%C5%A1ka_kme%C4%8Dka_vojna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemška kmečka vojna (stran ne obstaja)">Nemška kmečka vojna</a>. <a href="/wiki/Marksizem" title="Marksizem">Marksistični</a> komunistični etos, ki si prizadeva za enotnost, odraža <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kr%C5%A1%C4%8Danski_univerzalizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krščanski univerzalizem (stran ne obstaja)">krščanski univerzalistični</a> nauk, da je človeštvo eno in da obstaja samo en bog, ki ne razlikuje med ljudmi.<a href="#cite_note-101">[96]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Hans_Holbein,_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hans_Holbein%2C_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Hans_Holbein%2C_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hans_Holbein%2C_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Hans_Holbein%2C_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hans_Holbein%2C_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Hans_Holbein%2C_the_Younger_-_Sir_Thomas_More_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4667" data-file-height="5807" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a>, čigar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utopija_(knjiga)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utopija (knjiga) (stran ne obstaja)">Utopija</a> je prikazovala družbo, ki temelji na skupnem lastništvu nepremičnin</figcaption></figure> Komunistična misel izhaja tudi iz del angleškega pisatelja <a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomasa Mora</a> iz 16. stoletja.<a href="#cite_note-102">[97]</a> More je leta 1516 v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Traktat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traktat (stran ne obstaja)">traktatu</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utopija_(knjiga)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utopija (knjiga) (stran ne obstaja)">Utopija</a> opisal družbo, ki temelji na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skupno_lastni%C5%A1tvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skupno lastništvo (stran ne obstaja)">skupnem lastništvu</a> premoženja, vladarji pa jo upravljajo z uporabo <a href="/wiki/Razum" title="Razum">razuma</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vrlina" title="Vrlina">vrlin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[98]</a> Marksistični komunistični teoretik <a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Karl Kautsky</a>, ki je marksistični komunizem v zahodni Evropi populariziral bolj kot katerikoli drug mislec razen Engelsa, je objavil delo Thomas More in njegova Utopija o Mooru, katerega ideje bi po mnenju Kautskega lahko šteli za »prapodobo modernega socializma«. Med <a href="/wiki/Oktobrska_revolucija" title="Oktobrska revolucija">boljševiško revolucijo</a> v Rusiji je <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a> predlagal, da se Mooru poleg drugih pomembnih zahodnih mislecev postavi spomenik.<a href="#cite_note-Papke_2016-104">[99]</a> V 17. stoletju se je komunistična misel ponovno pojavila v Angliji, kjer je <a href="/wiki/Puritanci" title="Puritanci">puritanska</a> verska skupina, znana pod imenom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diggers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diggers (stran ne obstaja)">Diggers</a> (Kopači), zagovarjala ukinitev zasebne lastnine zemlje. <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Eduard Bernstein</a> je leta 1895 v knjigi Cromwell in komunizem zapisal,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBernstein1895-105">[100]</a> da je več skupin med <a href="/wiki/Angle%C5%A1ka_dr%C5%BEavljanska_vojna" title="Angleška državljanska vojna">angleško državljansko vojno</a> (zlasti Diggers) zagovarjalo jasne komunistične, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agrarizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agrarizem (stran ne obstaja)">agrarne</a> ideale in da je bil odnos <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliverja Cromwella</a> do teh skupin v najboljšem primeru ambivalenten in pogosto sovražen.<a href="#cite_note-106">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[102]</a> Kritika ideje zasebne lastnine se je nadaljevala v obdobju <a href="/wiki/Razsvetljenstvo" title="Razsvetljenstvo">razsvetljenstva</a> v 18. stoletju z misleci, kot so <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abb%C3%A9_de_Mably&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbé de Mably (stran ne obstaja)">Abbé de Mably</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Meslier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Meslier (stran ne obstaja)">Jean Meslier</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne-Gabriel_Morelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Étienne-Gabriel Morelly (stran ne obstaja)">Étienne-Gabriel Morelly</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a> v Franciji.<a href="#cite_note-108">[103]</a> Med pretresi <a href="/wiki/Francoska_revolucija" title="Francoska revolucija">francoske revolucije</a> se je komunizem kot politična doktrina pojavil pod okriljem <a href="/wiki/Gracchus_Babeuf" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracchus Babeuf">Gracchusa Babeufa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Restif_de_la_Bretonne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Restif de la Bretonne (stran ne obstaja)">Restifa de la Bretonne</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvain_Mar%C3%A9chal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvain Maréchal (stran ne obstaja)">Sylvaina Maréchala</a>, ki jih lahko po mnenju <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_H._Billington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James H. Billington (stran ne obstaja)">Jamesa H. Billingtona</a> štejemo za začetnike sodobnega komunizma.<a href="#cite_note-Billington-109">[104]</a> V začetku 19. stoletja so različni socialni reformatorji ustanavljali skupnosti, ki so temeljile na skupnem lastništvu. Za razliko od mnogih prejšnjih komunističnih skupnosti so verski poudarek zamenjali z racionalno in dobrodelno podlago.<a href="#cite_note-britannica-110">[105]</a> Omembe vredne sta tudi <a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Robert Owen</a>, ki je leta 1825 ustanovil <a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Harmony,_Indiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Harmony, Indiana (stran ne obstaja)">New Harmony v Indiani</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Charles Fourier</a>, čigar privrženci so organizirali druge naselbine v Združenih državah Amerike, kot je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brook_Farm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brook Farm (stran ne obstaja)">Brook Farm</a> leta 1841.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20193-111">[106]</a> V svoji sodobni obliki je komunizem zrasel iz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dno_gibanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistično gibanje (stran ne obstaja)">socialističnega gibanja</a> v Evropi v 19. stoletju. Z napredovanjem <a href="/wiki/Industrijska_revolucija" title="Industrijska revolucija">industrijske revolucije</a> so socialistični kritiki krivili kapitalizem za bedo <a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">proletariata</a>—novega razreda mestnih tovarniških delavcev, ki so delali v pogosto nevarnih razmerah. Med temi kritiki sta bila predvsem Karl Marx in njegov sodelavec Friedrich Engels. Leta 1848 sta Marx in Engels ponudila novo definicijo komunizma in izraz popularizirala v svojem slavnem pamfletu <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dni_manifest" title="Komunistični manifest">Komunistični manifest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20193-111">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revolucionarni_val_1917–1923">Revolucionarni val 1917–1923</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi razdelek: Revolucionarni val 1917–1923" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=6" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Revolucionarni val 1917–1923">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="rellink">Več informacij: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucije_v_letih_1917%E2%80%931923&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolucije v letih 1917–1923 (stran ne obstaja)">Revolucije v letih 1917–1923</a></div><a href="/wiki/Oktobrska_revolucija" title="Oktobrska revolucija">Oktobrska revolucija</a> v Rusiji je leta 1917 ustvarila pogoje za vzpon <a href="/wiki/Bolj%C5%A1eviki" title="Boljševiki">boljševikov</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimirja Lenina</a> na državno oblast, kar je bilo prvič, da je ta položaj dosegla katera koli odkrito komunistična stranka. Revolucija je oblast prenesla na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vseruski_kongres_sovjetov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vseruski kongres sovjetov (stran ne obstaja)">Vseruski kongres sovjetov</a>, v katerem so imeli večino boljševiki.<a href="#cite_note-112">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[109]</a> Dogodek je v marksističnem gibanju sprožil veliko praktičnih in teoretičnih razprav, saj je Marx trdil, da bosta socializem in komunizem zgrajena na temeljih, ki jih je postavil najnaprednejši kapitalistični razvoj; <a href="/wiki/Carska_Rusija" class="mw-redirect" title="Carska Rusija">carska Rusija</a> pa je bila tedaj ena najrevnejših držav v Evropi z ogromnim, večinoma nepismenim kmečkim prebivalstvom in manjšino industrijskih delavcev. Marx je svaril pred poskusi, »da bi mojo zgodovinsko skico geneze kapitalizma v Zahodni Evropi spremenili v zgodovinsko-filozofsko teorijo o marche générale (dobesedno generalnem pohodu), ki ga usoda naloži vsakemu ljudstvu ne glede na zgodovinske okoliščine, v katerih se znajde«,<a href="#cite_note-115">[110]</a> in dejal, da bi lahko Rusija z <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ob%C5%A1%C4%8Dina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obščina (stran ne obstaja)">Obščino</a> preskočila fazo vladavine buržoazije.<a href="#cite_note-116">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[nb 4]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Menj%C5%A1eviki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menjševiki (stran ne obstaja)">Menjševiki</a> (manjšina) so nasprotovali Leninovemu načrtu <a href="/wiki/Bolj%C5%A1eviki" title="Boljševiki">boljševikov</a> (večina) za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">socialistično revolucijo</a>, preden se kapitalistični način proizvodnje bolj ne razvije. Uspešen vzpon boljševikov na oblast je temeljil na geslih, kot so »Kruha, miru, zemlje!«, ki so izkoristila množično željo javnosti po končanju ruske vpletenosti v <a href="/wiki/Prva_svetovna_vojna" title="Prva svetovna vojna">prvo svetovno vojno</a>, zahtevo kmetov po <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemlji%C5%A1ka_reforma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zemljiška reforma (stran ne obstaja)">zemljiški reformi</a> in podporo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovjeti_(svet)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovjeti (svet) (stran ne obstaja)">sovjetom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-121">[115]</a> Do novembra 1917 je bila <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruska_za%C4%8Dasna_vlada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruska začasna vlada (stran ne obstaja)">ruska začasna vlada</a> široko diskreditirana, saj se ni umaknila iz prve svetovne vojne, izvedla zemljiške reforme ali sklicala <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruska_ustavodajna_skup%C5%A1%C4%8Dina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruska ustavodajna skupščina (stran ne obstaja)">ruske ustavodajne skupščine</a> za pripravo ustave, zaradi česar so Sovjeti <a href="/wiki/De_facto" class="mw-redirect" title="De facto">de facto</a> prevzeli nadzor nad državo. Boljševiki so z oktobrsko revolucijo oblast predali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drugi_vseruski_kongres_Sovjetov_delavskih_in_voja%C5%A1kih_poslancev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drugi vseruski kongres Sovjetov delavskih in vojaških poslancev (stran ne obstaja)">drugemu vseruskemu kongresu Sovjetov delavskih in vojaških poslancev</a>; po nekaj tednih razprav so <a href="/w/index.php?title=Levi_socialisti-revolucionarji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levi socialisti-revolucionarji (stran ne obstaja)">Levi socialisti-revolucionarji</a> od novembra 1917 do julija 1918 z boljševiki oblikovali <a href="/wiki/Koalicijska_vlada" title="Koalicijska vlada">koalicijsko vlado</a>, desna frakcija <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_revolucionarna_stranka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična revolucionarna stranka (stran ne obstaja)">Socialistične revolucionarne stranke</a> pa je bojkotirala Sovjete in obsodila oktobrsko revolucijo kot nezakonit <a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEavni_udar" title="Državni udar">državni udar</a>. Na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volitve_v_rusko_ustavodajno_skup%C5%A1%C4%8Dino_leta_1917&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volitve v rusko ustavodajno skupščino leta 1917 (stran ne obstaja)">volitvah v rusko ustavodajno skupščino leta 1917</a> so socialistične stranke prejele več kot 70 % glasov. Boljševiki so bili jasni zmagovalci v mestnih središčih in dobili približno dve tretjini glasov vojakov na zahodni fronti, skupno 23,3 % glasov; Socialistični revolucionarji so zasedli prvo mesto zaradi podpore podeželskega kmečkega prebivalstva, ki je večinoma volilo samo eno vprašanje, in sicer zemljiško reformo, ter prejeli 37,6 % glasov; tretje mesto je zasedel Ukrajinski socialistični blok z 12,7 % glasov; na razočarano četrto mesto pa so se uvrstili Menjševiki z le 3,0 % glasov.<a href="#cite_note-:3-122">[116]</a> Večino sedežev Socialistične revolucionarne stranke je dobila desna frakcija. Zaradi zastarelih volilnih seznamov, ki niso priznavali strankarskega razkola, in konfliktov skupščine s Kongresom Sovjetov je boljševiško-levičarska socialistično-revolucionarna vlada januarja 1918 predlagala razpustitev ustavodajne skupščine. Osnutek odloka o razpustitvi ustavodajne skupščine je izdal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centralni_izvr%C5%A1ni_odbor_Kongresa_Sovjetov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centralni izvršni odbor Kongresa Sovjetov (stran ne obstaja)">Centralni izvršni odbor Kongresa Sovjetov</a>, odbor, v katerem je prevladoval Lenin, ki je prej podpiral večstrankarske svobodne volitve. Po boljševističnem porazu je Lenin začel skupščino označevati kot »zavajajočo obliko buržoazno-demokratičnega parlamentarizma«.<a href="#cite_note-:3-122">[116]</a> To je privedlo do razvoja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avantgardizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avantgardizem (stran ne obstaja)">avantgardizma</a>, v katerem je hierarhična partijska elita nadzorovala družbo,<a href="#cite_note-123">[117]</a> kar je povzročilo razkol med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarhizem_in_marksizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anarhizem in marksizem (stran ne obstaja)">anarhizmom in marksizmom</a> ter prevlado <a href="/wiki/Leninizem" title="Leninizem">leninskega</a> komunizma, ki je večino 20. stoletja izključeval konkurenčne socialistične tokove.<a href="#cite_note-124">[118]</a> Drugi komunisti in marksisti, zlasti <a href="/wiki/Socialna_demokracija" title="Socialna demokracija">socialdemokrati</a>, ki so se zavzemali za razvoj <a href="/wiki/Liberalna_demokracija" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalna demokracija">liberalne demokracije</a> kot predpogoja za <a href="/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem">socializem</a>, so bili do Boljševikov od začetka kritični, saj so menili, da je Rusija preveč zaostala za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">socialistično revolucijo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Steele,_pp.44–452-125">[119]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odborni_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odborni komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">Odborni komunizem</a> in <a href="/wiki/Levi_komunizem" title="Levi komunizem">levi komunizem</a>, ki sta se zgledovala po <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nem%C5%A1ka_revolucija_1918%E2%80%931919&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemška revolucija 1918–1919 (stran ne obstaja)">novembrski revoluciji</a> v Nemčiji in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proletarska_revolucija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proletarska revolucija (stran ne obstaja)">proletarskem revolucionarnem</a> valu, sta nastala kot odziv na dogajanje v Rusiji in sta kritična do samooklicanih ustavno socialističnih držav. Nekatere levičarske stranke, na primer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dna_stranka_Velike_Britanije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistična stranka Velike Britanije (stran ne obstaja)">Socialistična stranka Velike Britanije</a>, so se hvalile, da so boljševike in posledično tiste komunistične države, ki so sledile sovjetskemu boljševiškemu modelu razvoja ali se po njem zgledovale, konec leta 1917 označile za vzpostavitev <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr%C5%BEavni_kapitalizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Državni kapitalizem (stran ne obstaja)">državnega kapitalizma</a>, kot so ga v 20. stoletju opisali številni akademiki, ekonomisti in drugi znanstveniki,<a href="#cite_note-Chomsky_198622-126">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-State_Capitalism_in_the_Soviet_Union,_2001-127">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fitzgibbons_200222-128">[122]</a> ali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plansko_gospodarstvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plansko gospodarstvo (stran ne obstaja)">planskega gospodarstva</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Soviet_Union_Has_an_Administered,_Not_a_Planned,_Economy,_1985-129">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gregory_2004-130">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ellman_2007-131">[125]</a> Preden je sovjetska razvojna pot postala znana kot socializem, ki spominja na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvostopenjska_teorija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvostopenjska teorija (stran ne obstaja)">dvostopenjsko teorijo</a>, komunisti med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialisti%C4%8Dni_na%C4%8Din_proizvodnje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialistični način proizvodnje (stran ne obstaja)">socialističnim načinom proizvodnje</a> in komunizmom niso delali večje razlike;<a href="#cite_note-Hudis_et_al._20182-132">[126]</a> ta je skladna z zgodnjimi koncepti socializma in je pripomogla k njihovemu oblikovanju, v katerih <a href="/wiki/Zakon_vrednosti" title="Zakon vrednosti">zakon vrednosti</a> ne usmerja več gospodarske dejavnosti. Denarna razmerja v obliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Menjalna_vrednost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menjalna vrednost (stran ne obstaja)">menjalne vrednosti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dobi%C4%8Dek" title="Dobiček">dobička</a>, <a href="/wiki/Obresti" title="Obresti">obresti</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mezdno_delo" title="Mezdno delo">mezdnega dela</a> ne bi delovala in se uporabljala v marksističnem socializmu.<a href="#cite_note-133">[127]</a> Medtem ko je <a href="/wiki/Josif_Stalin" title="Josif Stalin">Josif Stalin</a> izjavil, da <a href="/wiki/Zakon_vrednosti" title="Zakon vrednosti">zakon vrednosti</a> še vedno velja za socializem in da je Sovjetska zveza po tej novi opredelitvi socialistična, čemur so sledili tudi drugi komunistični voditelji, mnogi drugi komunisti ohranjajo prvotno opredelitev in trdijo, da komunistične države nikoli niso vzpostavile socializma v tem smislu. Lenin je svojo politiko opisal kot državni kapitalizem, vendar jo je razumel kot potrebno za razvoj socializma, ki po mnenju levičarskih kritikov ni bil nikoli vzpostavljen, medtem ko nekateri <a href="/wiki/Marksizem-leninizem" title="Marksizem-leninizem">marksisti-leninisti</a> trdijo, da je bil vzpostavljen šele v Stalinovi in Maovi dobi, nato pa sta postali kapitalistični državi, ki so jim vladali <a href="/wiki/Revizionizem" title="Revizionizem">revizionisti</a>; drugi trdijo, da je bila maoistična Kitajska vedno državnokapitalistična, in zagovarjajo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_Albanija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična Albanija (stran ne obstaja)">komunistično Albanijo</a> kot edino socialistično državo po stalinovi Sovjetski zvezi,<a href="#cite_note-134">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[129]</a> ki naj bi socializem prvič dosegla s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovjetska_ustava_(1936)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovjetska ustava (1936) (stran ne obstaja)">sovjetsko ustavo</a> iz leta 1936.<a href="#cite_note-136">[130]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Komunistične_države">Komunistične države</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi razdelek: Komunistične države" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=7" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Komunistične države">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sovjetska_zveza">Sovjetska zveza</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi razdelek: Sovjetska zveza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=8" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Sovjetska zveza">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="rellink">Več informacij: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dna_dr%C5%BEava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistična država (stran ne obstaja)">Komunistična država</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sovjetska_zveza" title="Sovjetska zveza">Sovjetska zveza</a></div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vojni_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vojni komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">Vojni komunizem</a> je bil prvi sistem, ki so ga zaradi številnih izzivov boljševiki sprejeli med <a href="/wiki/Ruska_dr%C5%BEavljanska_vojna" title="Ruska državljanska vojna">rusko državljansko vojno</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Peters_1998-137">[131]</a> Kljub temu da ima v imenu besedo komunizem, ni imel nič skupnega s komunizmom, saj so bili delavci strogo disciplinirani, <a href="/wiki/Stavka" title="Stavka">stavke</a> so bile prepovedane, delo je bilo obvezno, nadzor je bil vojaški in opisan kot preprost <a href="/wiki/Avtoritarnost" title="Avtoritarnost">avtoritarni</a> nadzor boljševikov za ohranjanje moči in nadzora v sovjetskih regijah, ne pa kot kakšna koherentna politična <a href="/wiki/Ideologija" title="Ideologija">ideologija</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[132]</a> Sovjetska zveza je bila ustanovljena leta 1922. Pred splošno prepovedjo leta 1921 je bilo v komunistični partiji več frakcij, med njimi zlasti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leva_opozicija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leva opozicija (stran ne obstaja)">Leva opozicija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Desna_opozicija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desna opozicija (stran ne obstaja)">Desna opozicija</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delavska_opozicija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delavska opozicija (stran ne obstaja)">Delavska opozicija</a>, ki so razpravljale o razvojni poti. Leva in Delavska opozicija sta bili bolj kritični do državno-kapitalističnega razvoja, zlasti Delavska je bila kritična do <a href="/wiki/Birokracija" title="Birokracija">birokratizacije</a> in razvoja od zgoraj, medtem ko je Desna opozicija bolj podpirala državno-kapitalistični razvoj in zagovarjala <a href="/wiki/Nova_ekonomska_politika" title="Nova ekonomska politika">novo ekonomsko politiko</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Peters_1998-137">[131]</a> Po Leninovem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demokrati%C4%8Dni_centralizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demokratični centralizem (stran ne obstaja)">demokratičnem centralizmu</a> so bile leninistične stranke organizirane na hierarhični osnovi, s široko bazo aktivnih celic članov. Sestavljali so jih le elitni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kader_(politika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kader (politika) (stran ne obstaja)">kadri</a>, ki so jih višji člani partije potrdili kot zanesljive in popolnoma podrejene <a href="/w/index.php?title=Partijska_disciplina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partijska disciplina (stran ne obstaja)">partijski disciplini</a>.<a href="#cite_note-World_War_II_2001-139">[133]</a> <a href="/wiki/Trockizem" title="Trockizem">Trockizem</a> je prehitel leve komuniste kot glavni disidentski komunistični tok, medtem ko so bolj <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libertarni_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libertarni komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">libertarni komunizmi</a>, ki segajo v čas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libertarni_marksizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libertarni marksizem (stran ne obstaja)">libertarnega marksističnega</a> toka svetovnega komunizma, ostali pomembni disidentski komunizmi zunaj Sovjetske zveze. <a href="/wiki/Velika_%C4%8Distka" title="Velika čistka">Velika čistka</a> v letih 1936–1938 je bil poskus <a href="/wiki/Josif_Stalin" title="Josif Stalin">Josifa Stalina</a>, da bi uničil morebitno opozicijo znotraj <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dna_partija_Sovjetske_zveze" title="Komunistična partija Sovjetske zveze">Komunistične partije Sovjetske zveze</a>. Na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moskovski_procesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moskovski procesi (stran ne obstaja)">moskovskih procesih</a> so po obtožbi in priznanju krivde zarote proti Sovjetski zvezi bili umrčeni številni stari boljševiki, ki so med <a href="/wiki/Ruska_revolucija" title="Ruska revolucija">rusko revolucijo</a> ali pozneje v Leninovi sovjetski vladi igrali vidno vlogo, med njimi <a href="/wiki/Lev_Kamenjev" class="mw-redirect" title="Lev Kamenjev">Lev Kamenjev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grigorij_Zinovjev" class="mw-redirect" title="Grigorij Zinovjev">Grigorij Zinovjev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleksej_Rikov" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksej Rikov">Aleksej Rikov</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Buharin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolaj Buharin">Nikolaj Buharin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-World_War_II_2001-139">[133]</a> Zaradi opustošenja <a href="/wiki/Druga_svetovna_vojna" title="Druga svetovna vojna">druge svetovne vojne</a> je bil izveden obsežen program obnove, ki je vključeval obnovo industrijskih obratov, stanovanj in prometa ter demobilizacijo in migracijo milijonov vojakov in civilistov. Sredi teh pretresov je Sovjetska zveza pozimi 1946–1947 doživela najhujšo naravno lakoto v 20. stoletju.<a href="#cite_note-Gorlizki-141">[135]</a> Resnega nasprotovanja Stalinu ni bilo, saj je tajna policija morebitne osumljence še naprej pošiljala v <a href="/wiki/Gulag" title="Gulag">gulage</a>. Odnosi z Združenimi državami Amerike in Veliko Britanijo so se spremenili iz prijateljskih v sovražne, saj sta državi obsodili Stalinov politični nadzor nad Vzhodno Evropo in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlinska_blokada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlinska blokada (stran ne obstaja)">berlinsko blokado</a>. Leta 1947 se je začela <a href="/wiki/Hladna_vojna" title="Hladna vojna">hladna vojna</a>. Stalin je verjel, da je kapitalizem votla lupina, ki bo razpadla pod večjim nevojaškim pritiskom, ki so ga izvajali prek posrednikov v državah, kot je Italija. Zelo je podcenjeval gospodarsko moč Zahoda in namesto zmagoslavja doživel izoblikovanje zahodnih zavezništvev, katerih namen je bil trajno ustaviti ali zadržati sovjetsko ekspanzijo. V začetku leta 1950 je Stalin odobril invazijo <a href="/wiki/Severna_Koreja" title="Severna Koreja">Severne Koreje</a> na <a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEna_Koreja" title="Južna Koreja">Južno Korejo</a>, saj je pričakoval kratko vojno. Bil je osupel, ko so Američani vstopili v vojno ter severnokorejsko vojsko pregnali skoraj vse do sovjetske meje. Stalin je podprl vstop <a href="/wiki/Ljudska_republika_Kitajska" title="Ljudska republika Kitajska">Kitajske</a> v korejsko vojno, ki je Američane pregnala nazaj na predvojne meje, vendar je njena prisotnost močno zaostrila razmere. Združene države so se odločile, da bodo mobilizirale svoje gospodarstvo za dolgotrajno tekmovanje s Sovjeti, izdelale <a href="/wiki/Vodikova_bomba" title="Vodikova bomba">vodikovo bombo</a> in okrepile zvezo <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, ki je takrat pokrivala <a href="/wiki/Zahodna_Evropa" title="Zahodna Evropa">Zahodno Evropo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-142">[136]</a> Gorlizki in Khlevniuk menita, da je bil Stalinov dosledni in glavni cilj po letu 1945 utrditi status velesile in ob vse večji telesni oslabelosti ohraniti svojo popolno oblast. Stalin je ustvaril sistem vodenja, ki je odražal zgodovinski carski slog paternalizma in represije, a je bil hkrati tudi precej sodoben. Na vrhu je osebna zvestoba Stalinu štela vse. Stalin je ustanovil tudi vplivne odbore, na višje položaje povzdignil mlajše strokovnjake in začel z velikimi institucionalnimi inovacijami. Stalinovi poslanci so v času preganjanja gojili neformalne norme in medsebojne dogovore, ki so bili temelj za kolektivno vladavino po njegovi smrti.<a href="#cite_note-Gorlizki-141">[135]</a> Večina zahodnjakov in protikomunističnih Rusov na Stalina gleda pretežno negativno kot na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mno%C5%BEi%C4%8Dni_morilec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Množični morilec (stran ne obstaja)">množičnega morilca</a>, precejšnje število Rusov in Gruzijcev pa ga ima za velikega državnika in graditelja države.<a href="#cite_note-143">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kitajska">Kitajska</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi razdelek: Kitajska" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=9" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Kitajska">uredi kodo</a>]</div> Po <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitajska_dr%C5%BEavljanska_vojna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitajska državljanska vojna (stran ne obstaja)">kitajski državljanski vojni</a> je leta 1949 <a href="/wiki/Mao_Cetung" title="Mao Cetung">Mao Cetung</a> skupaj s <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dna_partija_Kitajske" title="Komunistična partija Kitajske">komunistično partijo Kitajske</a> prišel, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nacionalisti%C4%8Dna_vlada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nacionalistična vlada (stran ne obstaja)">nacionalistična vlada</a> pod vodstvom <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintanga</a> pa je pobegnila na otok <a href="/wiki/Tajvan_(otok)" title="Tajvan (otok)">Tajvan</a>. V letih 1950–1953 je Kitajska v <a href="/wiki/Korejska_vojna" title="Korejska vojna">korejski vojni</a> sodelovala v obsežni, neuradni vojni z Združenimi državami Amerike, Južno Korejo in silami Združenih narodov. Čeprav se je vojna končala s pat položajem, je Mao dobil priložnost, da na Kitajskem prepozna in očisti elemente, ki so se zdeli naklonjeni kapitalizmu. Sprva je tesno sodeloval s Stalinom, ki je poslal tehnične strokovnjake, da bi pomagali pri procesu industrializacije po sovjetskem modelu iz tridesetih let dvajsetega stoletja.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2009179–193-144">[138]</a> Po Stalinovi smrti leta 1953 so se odnosi z Moskvo poslabšali—Mao je menil, da so Stalinovi nasledniki izdali komunistični ideal. Sovjetskega voditelja <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Hru%C5%A1%C4%8Dov" title="Nikita Hruščov">Nikito Hruščova</a> je obtožil, da je vodja »revizionistične klike«, ki se je obrnila proti marksizmu in leninizmu ter zdaj pripravlja teren za restavracijo kapitalizma.<a href="#cite_note-145">[139]</a> Do leta 1960 sta se državi znašli na meji sovražnosti. Obe sta začeli sklepati zavezništva s komunističnimi podporniki po vsem svetu, s čimer sta svetovno gibanje razdelili na dva sovražna tabora.<a href="#cite_note-146">[140]</a> Mao Cetung in njegov glavni sodelavec <a href="/wiki/Deng_%C5%A0jaoping" title="Deng Šjaoping">Deng Šjaoping</a> sta zavrnila sovjetski model hitre urbanizacije, zato sta v letih 1957–1961 sprožila t. i. <a href="/wiki/Veliki_skok_naprej" title="Veliki skok naprej">veliki skok naprej</a>, da bi čez noč industrializirala Kitajsko in za osnovo namesto velikih mest uporabila kmečke vasi.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2009316–332-147">[141]</a> Zasebno lastništvo zemlje se je končalo, kmetje pa so delali na velikih kolektivnih kmetijah, ki so zdaj morale zagnati težko industrijo, kot so jeklarne. Obrati so bili zaradi pomanjkanja tehničnih strokovnjakov, upravljavcev, prevoza ali potrebnih objektov zgrajeni na oddaljenih lokacijah. Industrializacija je bila neuspešna, glavna posledica pa je bil nepričakovan močan upad kmetijske proizvodnje, ki je povzročil množično lakoto in milijone smrtnih žrtev. V letih velikega skoka naprej je dejansko prišlo do gospodarskega nazadovanja, saj so bila leta 1958 do 1961 edina leta med letoma 1953 in 1983, ko je kitajsko gospodarstvo beležilo negativno rast. Politični ekonomist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dwight_Perkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dwight Perkins (stran ne obstaja)">Dwight Perkins</a> trdi: »Ogromne količine naložb so povzročile le skromno povečanje proizvodnje ali pa te sploh ni bilo. ... Skratka, veliki skok je bil zelo draga katastrofa.«<a href="#cite_note-148">[142]</a> Deng, ki je bil zadolžen za reševanje gospodarstva, je sprejel pragmatično politiko, kateri pa idealistični Mao ni podpiral. Mao se je za nekaj let omaknil v ozadje, a se kmalu v središče dogajanja vrnil s <a href="/wiki/Kulturna_revolucija" title="Kulturna revolucija">kulturno revolucijo</a> (1966–1976) v kateri se je znebil Denga in njegovih zaveznikov.<a href="#cite_note-149">[143]</a> Kulturna revolucija je bil pretres, ki je bil med letoma 1966 in 1976 usmerjen proti intelektualcem in partijskim voditeljem. Maov cilj je bil očistiti komunizem prokapitalistov in tradicionalistov z vsiljevanjem <a href="/wiki/Maoizem" title="Maoizem">maoistične</a> ortodoksije znotraj <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dna_partija_Kitajske" title="Komunistična partija Kitajske">Komunistične partije Kitajske</a>. Gibanje je politično ohromilo Kitajsko ter jo za več let gospodarsko, kulturno in intelektualno oslabilo. Na milijone ljudi so obtožili, ponižali, jim odvzeli oblast, jih zaprli, ubili ali pa najpogosteje poslali na delo kot kmetijske delavce. Mao je vztrajal, da je treba tiste, ki jih je označil za <a href="/wiki/Revizionizem" title="Revizionizem">revizioniste</a>, odstraniti z nasilnim <a href="/wiki/Razredni_boj" title="Razredni boj">razrednim bojem</a>. Najpomembnejša borca sta bila vojaški maršal <a href="/wiki/Lin_Bjao" title="Lin Bjao">Lin Bjao</a> in Maova žena <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEang_%C4%8Cing" title="Džang Čing">Džjang Čing</a>. Kitajska mladina se je na Maov poziv odzvala z ustanavljanjem skupin <a href="/wiki/Rde%C4%8Da_garda" title="Rdeča garda">rdeče garde</a> po vsej državi. Gibanje se je razširilo na vojsko, mestne delavce in samo vodstvo komunistične partije. Povzročilo je obsežne frakcijske spopade na vseh področjih življenja. V najvišjem vodstvu je prišlo do množičnega čiščenja visokih uradnikov, ki so bili obtoženi, da so se odločili za »<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapitalisti%C4%8Dna_pot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapitalistična pot (stran ne obstaja)">kapitalistično pot</a>«, predvsem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lju_%C5%A0ao%C4%8Di&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lju Šaoči (stran ne obstaja)">Lju Šaoči</a> in <a href="/wiki/Deng_%C5%A0jaoping" title="Deng Šjaoping">Deng Šjaoping</a>. V istem obdobju se je Maov <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kult_osebnosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kult osebnosti (stran ne obstaja)">kult osebnosti</a> razširil do izjemnih razsežnosti. Po Maovi smrti leta 1976 so bili preživeli rehabilitirani in mnogi so se vrnili na oblast.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2009-150">[144]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Navajanje_virov" title="Wikipedija:Navajanje virov">navedi št.strani</a>] Maova vlada je bila zaradi lakote, preganjanja, zaporniškega dela in množičnih usmrtitev odgovorna za po ocenah od 40 do 80 milijonov smrtnih žrtev.<a href="#cite_note-151">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-152">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[148]</a> Poleg tega pa je Mao pogosto slavljen za to, da je Kitajsko iz polkolonije spremenil v vodilno svetovno velesilo, ki je močno napredovala na področju pismenosti, pravic žensk, osnovnega zdravstvenega varstva, osnovnega izobraževanja in pričakovane življenjske dobe.<a href="#cite_note-Bottelier-155">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-Galtung-157">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-PopulationStudies2015-158">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teoretični_sistem">Teoretični sistem</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi razdelek: Teoretični sistem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=10" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Teoretični sistem">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Communism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Communism.svg/248px-Communism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="248" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Communism.svg/372px-Communism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Communism.svg/496px-Communism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption>Seznam držav s komunizmom sredi 20. stoletja, vključno s kasneje razpadlimi.</figcaption></figure> Kot <a href="/wiki/Teorija" title="Teorija">teoretični</a> sistem družbene in ekonomske ureditve naj bi bil komunizem vrsta enakopravne družbe brez proizvodnje v zasebni lasti, <a href="/wiki/Denar" title="Denar">denarja</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dru%C5%BEbeni_razred" title="Družbeni razred">družbenih razredov</a>. Vse bi bilo torej družbena last. Komunizem potemtakem pomeni tudi spremembo v ljudeh, njihovega razumevanja in celotnih družbenih odnosov. Povedano drugače, v komunizmu je vsa lastnina v lasti celotne skupnosti, vsi <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Clovek" title="Človek">ljudje</a> pa imajo enak družbeni in ekonomski položaj. Teoretično gledano v komunizmu človeška <a href="/w/index.php?title=Potreba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Potreba (stran ne obstaja)">potreba</a> po <a href="/w/index.php?title=Napredek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Napredek (stran ne obstaja)">napredku</a> zaradi revščine ne ostane nezadovoljena, temveč je zadovoljena s porazdelitvijo sredstev ljudem po potrebi. Tako je komunizem pogosto omenjen kot ureditev, ki naj bi rešila delavce iz <a href="/wiki/Kapitalizem" title="Kapitalizem">kapitalističnega</a> kroga revščine (zgodnji kapitalizem, ki ni bil korigiran s socialno državo). Zato naj bi se po prepričanju komunistov komunistične revolucije najprej zgodile predvsem v najbolj razvitih kapitalističnih državah, a so praviloma dogajale predvsem v slabo industrializiranih ali neindustrializiranih državah. Komunizem delimo na dve fazi: <a href="/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem">socializem</a>, ki je neke vrste nižja oblika komunizma, in višjo fazo - komunizem. Socializem naj bi izšel iz kapitalizma in je nekakšna prehodna faza, ki še vedno vsebuje sledi stare, kapitalistične ureditve, medtem ko komunizem nastopi na lastni osnovi. Po Karlu Marxu se družba ne more preobraziti iz kapitalizma v komunizem takoj. Zahteva vmesno obdobje, ki ga Karl Marx imenuje diktatura proletariata. Komunistična družba, ki jo napoveduje Karl Marx in ki naj bi izšla iz kapitalizma, se v praksi še ni uresničila in obstaja zgolj v teoriji. Težave pri implementaciji teoretičnega koncepta so se pokazale pri praktično vseh prevzemih oblasti s strani političnih sil, ki so same sebe imenovale za komunistične. Komunizem naj bi bil osnovan na visoki produktivnosti dela, planskem in družbenem nadzoru. Ukinjeni naj bi bili družbeni razredi in razlike med njimi, država, politične stranke in politične funkcije naj ne bi več obstajali. Izginile naj bi razlike med mestom in vasjo, med intelektualnim in fizičnim delom naj ne bi bilo nasprotij. Ko delo postane ne samo sredstvo za življenje, marveč življenjska potreba, šele tedaj naj bi bilo mogoče reči, kot je povedal <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a>: »Od vsakega toliko, kolikor zmore in vsakemu toliko, kolikor potrebuje.« To je morda najbolj znano geslo komunistične družbe. Družbeni sistem temelji predvsem na teoretičnih predpostavkah, ki so jih zastavili <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ilji%C4%8D_Lenin" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Iljič Lenin">Vladimir Iljič Lenin</a>. Marx se je zavedal, da obstajajo različne oblike komunizma, toda tista, ki jo je imel v mislih kot zadnji stadij zgodovinskega razvoja, podrazumeva temeljni preobrat človeške narave: človek se pomiri sam s seboj, z družbo in z naravo. Druge, primitivnejše oblike komunizma, ki so obstajale v zgodovini, so se zadovoljile z ukinitvijo zasebne lastnine, da bi nastala družbena lastnina. Toda tak komunizem so označili za posplošeni kapitalizem, češ da njegov cilj ni bit človeka, marveč to, da človek nekaj poseduje. Komunizem je ostro nasprotje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tr%C5%BEna_dru%C5%BEba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tržna družba (stran ne obstaja)">tržne družbe</a>, saj z ukinjanjem zasebnega lastništva ukine posedovalniški odnos človeka do narave in drugih ljudi. Narava se bo humanizirala, človek naturaliziral. Komunizem naj bi presegel vsakršno obliko zunanje prisile, tako bi človek delal zaradi svoje svobodne odločitve in v taki svobodni proizvodnji razvil svoje ustvarjalne sposobnosti. Končni cilj je torej popolna odsotnost prisile in svobodna proizvodnja.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Navajanje_virov" title="Wikipedija:Navajanje virov">navedi vir</a>]. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politični_okvir">Politični okvir</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi razdelek: Politični okvir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=11" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Politični okvir">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5590687">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glej tudi: <a href="/wiki/Mno%C5%BEi%C4%8Dni_poboji_v_komunizmu" title="Množični poboji v komunizmu">Množični poboji v komunizmu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Zlo%C4%8Dini_proti_%C4%8Dlove%C5%A1tvu_v_komunizmu" title="Zločini proti človeštvu v komunizmu">Zločini proti človeštvu v komunizmu</a></div> Politična opredelitev komunizma je bolj sporna kot njegova teoretična podlaga. Za komuniste so se v zgodovini deklarirali tudi politični voditelji, stranke in gibanja, ki to niso bila, so si pa na tak način lahko pridobila naklonjenost <a href="/wiki/Sovjetska_zveza" title="Sovjetska zveza">Sovjetske zveze</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hladna_vojna" title="Hladna vojna">Hladna vojna</a> je povzročila nered pri razumevanju, kaj je komunizem in kaj se opredeljuje kot komunistično. Glavni dolgoročni motiv <a href="/wiki/Oktobrska_revolucija" title="Oktobrska revolucija">oktobrske revolucije</a> je bil nastanek komunizma. Tako je Sovjetska zveza postala prva država, ki je svojo družbeno ureditev vsaj teoretično utemeljila na Marxovih, Engelsovih in Leninovih teoretičnih dognanjih oz. napovedih. Ni nepomembno, da so to državo takoj po nastanku oz. koncu prve svetovne vojne vojaško napadle številne države, prejšnje zaveznice iz <a href="/wiki/Antanta" title="Antanta">Antante</a>: <a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljska</a> s francosko pomočjo z njenega ozemlja, <a href="/wiki/Velika_Britanija" title="Velika Britanija">Velika Britanija</a> z <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Crno_morje" title="Črno morje">Črnega morja</a> in severa, desantne enote <a href="/wiki/Zdru%C5%BEene_dr%C5%BEave_Amerike" title="Združene države Amerike">ZDA</a> so se izkrcale pri <a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arhangelska_oblast" title="Arhangelska oblast">Arhangelsku</a> in pri <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a>u, <a href="/wiki/Japonska" title="Japonska">Japonci</a> pri <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostoku</a>, politično in vojaško so podprli belo gardo in v obrambo pred komunizmom pomagali pri vzponu <a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%A1izem" title="Fašizem">fašizma</a> ter <a href="/wiki/Nacizem" class="mw-redirect" title="Nacizem">nacizma</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[153]</a> To je Sovjetsko Zvezo pahnilo v mednarodno osamo vse do začetka druge svetovne vojne, kar je izkoristil <a href="/wiki/Josif_Stalin" title="Josif Stalin">Josif Stalin</a>, da je lahko <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ilji%C4%8D_Uljanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Iljič Uljanov">Leninovo</a> obliko komunizma kot diktature delavcev in kmetov preusmeril v popolno diktaturo partijskega vodstva. Prave zaveznike je pridobila šele v obdobju po drugi svetovni vojni, ko so komunistične politične stranke prevzele oblast v mnogih vzhodnoevropskih državah. Drugi val zavezništev pa je sledil v obdobju po <a href="/wiki/Smrt_in_pogreb_Josifa_Stalina" title="Smrt in pogreb Josifa Stalina">Stalinovi smrti </a> in <a href="/wiki/Dekolonizacija" title="Dekolonizacija">dekolonizacije</a>, ko so številne osvobojene države rešitev svoje zaostalosti našle v komunistični teoriji in sovjetskem vzoru. Tako je bilo v drugi polovici 70. let 20. stoletja skupaj več kot 20 držav v vzhodni Evropi, Aziji in Afriki, pa tudi Latinski Ameriki (Kuba), katerih politični sistemi so sledili modelu "realnega socializma", sprva vzpostavljenega v Sovjetski zvezi in nato njeni neposredni soseščini. Prav tako ni nepomembno, da Rusija oziroma iz nje izšla Sovjetska zveza ni bila država, za katero bi marksistična misel sodila, da je primerna za nastanek socializma oziroma komunizma, saj je bila dokaj zaostala. Klasiki marksizma so postavili sledeča merila za socialistično graditev: <ul><li>Socializem je pričakovati kot možnost tedaj, ko kapitalizem izčrpa svoje zgodovinske možnosti. To pomeni, da mora razvita buržoazna družba doseči neko zrelost, predvsem pa je nujna gospodarska razvitost.</li> <li>Delavski razred mora biti močan in njegovo jedro v industrijskem proletariatu. Iz njegovih vrst naj bi bilo revolucionarno vodstvo in sploh naj bi iz njega prihajale temeljne pobude družbene preobrazbe.</li> <li>Ta razred mora imeti razvito zavest in biti mora primerno organiziran.</li> <li>V nekem smislu je socialistična revolucija disrupcija, razdor, prekinitev in ukinitev buržoaznega reda, po drugi strani pa je tudi nadaljevanje in preseganje tega reda. Socializem naj bi bil dedič vseh pozitivnih vrednot prejšnjega reda, še posebej na področju osebnih svoboščin. Prav gotovo pa naj bi novi sistem vključeval že uveljavljene kulturne vrednote.</li></ul> Neposredni odmev na oktobrsko revolucijo je nastanek <a href="/wiki/Kominterna" title="Kominterna">Kominterne</a> (Komunistične internacionale), ki je nastala v Moskvi <a href="/wiki/4._marec" title="4. marec">4. marca</a> <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>. Njen velik poudarek je bil na mednarodni proletarski solidarnosti, kar je bila spodbuda številnim demonstracijam in dviga zavesti delavskega razreda. V Evropi je moč govoriti o revolucionarnem valu, ki je bil najmočnejši v <a href="/wiki/Nem%C4%8Dija" title="Nemčija">Nemčiji</a> in na <a href="/wiki/Mad%C5%BEarska" title="Madžarska">Madžarskem</a>. Prav Nemčija je bila ključna za uspeh svetovne revolucije, ki so jo mnogi pričakovali. Toda tamkaj je bila močnejša <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socialdemokracija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socialdemokracija (stran ne obstaja)">socialdemokracija</a>, ki je pristajala na reformistične ideje. Le <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spartakovci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spartakovci (stran ne obstaja)">Spartakovci</a>, levo revolucionarno krilo nemške socialdemokratske stranke, so imeli potencial postati revolucionarna <a href="/wiki/Avantgarda" title="Avantgarda">avantgarda</a>. Vodila sta jih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Liebknecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Liebknecht (stran ne obstaja)">Karl Liebknecht</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Rosa Luxemburg</a>. Toda Spartakovci so bili premalo odločni, da bi lahko izpeljali revolucijo. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bavarska_sovjetska_republika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bavarska sovjetska republika (stran ne obstaja)">Bavarska sovjetska republika</a>, ki jo je kratek čas vodil <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Eisner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Eisner (stran ne obstaja)">Kurt Eisner</a>, ni bila komunistični projekt in je bila v osnovi nemarksistična, neodvisna od Rusije in inspirirana z drugačnim, nerealnim idealizmom. Na Madžarskem se je v tistem času oblikovala <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mad%C5%BEarska_republika_sovjetov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madžarska republika sovjetov (stran ne obstaja)">Madžarska republika sovjetov</a>, ki ima z rusko revolucijo več stičnih točk. Pomembna osebnost madžarskega prevrata je bil <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A9la_Kun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Béla Kun (stran ne obstaja)">Béla Kun</a>, vodja tamkajšnje komunistične partije. Sovjetska republika je bila proglašena <a href="/wiki/21._marec" title="21. marec">21. marca</a> <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>. Pritisk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antante (stran ne obstaja)">antante</a> je bil izjemno velik in tako je republika ob tuji intervenciji (zlasti so bile brutalne in odločilne romunske čete) padla že avgusta tistega leta. Sledila je stabilizacija Sovjetske zveze, po izbruhu druge svetovne vojne pa so se razmere precej spremenile. Zaradi odpora proti <a href="/wiki/Nacizem" class="mw-redirect" title="Nacizem">nacizmu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%A1izem" title="Fašizem">fašizmu</a> so komunistična gibanja in stranke pridobila podporo širše javnosti, zato so imeli ponekod zares močno podporo in so legitimno prevzele oblast. Toda s <a href="/wiki/Politologija" class="mw-redirect" title="Politologija">politološkega</a> vidika je novonastale politične sisteme, ki so zrasli v vzhodni Evropi (kasneje pa tudi drugod), nepravilno imenovati za komunistične, kar so nenazadnje priznavali tudi sami njihovi politični teoretiki in so zato tem sistemom nadeli oznako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Realsocializem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Realsocializem (stran ne obstaja)">realsocialistični</a>, češ da so to sistemi, ki so v danih razmerah edino mogoči, toda še vedno na poti h komunizmu. Morda bi lahko na grobo dejali, da je komunizem kot politično gibanje postal bolj radikalna (ostra) veja širšega <a href="/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem">socialističnega</a> gibanja. Komunistično gibanje se od ostalih vej socializma loči po želji, da bi v končnem obdobju razvoja do popolnosti odpravil vse oblike <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tr%C5%BEna_dru%C5%BEba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tržna družba (stran ne obstaja)">tržne družbe</a>, po odločitvi nekaterih komunistov, da za dosego padca kapitalizma uporabijo tudi <a href="/wiki/Revolucija" title="Revolucija">revolucionarne</a> metode z nasiljem ter osredotočenjem na mednarodni <a href="/wiki/Delavski_razred" class="mw-redirect" title="Delavski razred">delavski razred</a> kot ključni dejavnik te revolucije. <a href="/wiki/Stranka" class="mw-redirect" title="Stranka">Stranke</a>, ki so se označevale za komunistične in so uspele v boju za oblast v <a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država">državi</a>, so pogosto privedle v <a href="/wiki/Avtoritarizem" class="mw-redirect" title="Avtoritarizem">avtoritarno</a> oziroma <a href="/wiki/Totalitarizem" title="Totalitarizem">totalitarno</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladavina" title="Vladavina">vladavino</a> z omejevanjem človekovih pravic in svoboščin ter preganjanjem drugače mislečih oz. "razrednih sovražnikov", "sovražnikov ljudstva", disidentov ipd. Tem elementom komunističnega gibanja nasprotujejo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anarhokomunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anarhokomunizem (stran ne obstaja)">anarhokomunisti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trockizem" title="Trockizem">trockisti</a> in drugi. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komunizem_in_religija">Komunizem in religija</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi razdelek: Komunizem in religija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=12" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Komunizem in religija">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5590687"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glej tudi: <a href="/wiki/Marksizem_in_religija" title="Marksizem in religija">Marksizem in religija</a> in <a href="/wiki/Preganjanje_kristjanov_v_Sovjetski_zvezi" title="Preganjanje kristjanov v Sovjetski zvezi">Preganjanje kristjanov v Sovjetski zvezi</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Slika:Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg/256px-Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg/384px-Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg/512px-Christ_saviour_explosion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>5. decembra 1932 so v <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskvi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Josif_Stalin" title="Josif Stalin">Stalinov</a> ukaz z eksplozivi porušili katedralo Kristusa Odrešenika.</figcaption></figure> Države s komunistično partijo na oblasti, so prepovedovale vpletanje cerkvenih organizacij v politiko ter javno življenje. Komunizem je na podlagi materialistične filozofije prepričeval ljudi, da je religija "opij ljudstva", verski aktivizem izven sakralnih objektov, pa je bil prepovedan, zaradi česar so imeli goreči privrženci cerkva lahko tudi hude težave.<a href="#cite_note-Jugoslavija_in_religija-160">[154]</a> <a href="#cite_note-161">[155]</a> Čeprav sta že <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a> in <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> v <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dni_manifest" title="Komunistični manifest">komunističnem manifestu</a> navedla, da religija v komunistični družbi ne bo preveč dobrodošla, je komunistično preganjanje religije prvi začel izvajati <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a>, takoj po oktobrski revoluciji. Ta je v svoji knjigi Socializem in Religija dejal: "Religija je ena od oblik duhovnega zatiranja, ki povsod močno obremenjuje množice ljudi, ki so preobremenjeni s svojim nenehnim delom za druge, s pomanjkanjem in osamljenostjo."<a href="#cite_note-162">[156]</a> Čeprav se je preganjanje in zatiranje religije izvajalo v vseh komunističnih državah, pa se je to najbolj izvedlo v Albaniji pod vodstvom <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enverja Hoxhe</a>, kjer so komunisti porušili in uničili več kot polovico cerkva, mošej, kapel, samostanov in drugih verskih objektov.<a href="#cite_note-Constitution_of_Albania-163">[157]</a> V času Jugoslavije je bila uradno sicer razglašena, vendar je bila religija torelirana v samo zasebni sferi. Npr. Božič in Velika Noč nista bila dneva dela prosta dneva, javno obeleževanje verskih praznikov pa je bilo preganjano. <a href="#cite_note-Jugoslavija_in_religija-160">[154]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jugoslovani" title="Jugoslovani">Jugoslovani</a>, ki niso bili člani komunistične partije, so imeli omejene poklicne možnosti, zato so se mnogi, ki niso podpirali komunističnih idej in vizij, kljub vsemu vpisali v partijo. <a href="#cite_note-164">[158]</a> Ko so se po vojni stare zamere začele pozabljati in se je družba začela demokratizirati, se je tudi odnos oblasti do cerkve in verujočih začel spreminjati. <a href="/wiki/Jo%C5%BEe_Smole" title="Jože Smole">Jože Smole</a> je kot predsednik slovenske <a href="/wiki/SZDL" class="mw-redirect" title="SZDL">SZDL</a> in eden vidnejših komunistov leta 1986 voščil vsem vernikom vesel božič, zaradi česar se ga je prijel vzdevek Božiček. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Komunizem_in_Rimsko-katoliška_cerkev">Komunizem in Rimsko-katoliška cerkev</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi razdelek: Komunizem in Rimsko-katoliška cerkev" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=13" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Komunizem in Rimsko-katoliška cerkev">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Katoli%C5%A1ka_Cerkev" class="mw-redirect" title="Katoliška Cerkev">Katoliška Cerkev</a> je v svoji zgodovini večkrat uradno odločno zavrnila komunizem kot idejo, ki lahko pripomore k odpravi socialnih krivic v svetu. Takšna zavrnitev je vsebovana v <a href="/wiki/Enciklika" title="Enciklika">encikliki</a> <a href="/wiki/Pape%C5%BE" title="Papež">papeža</a> <a href="/wiki/Leon_XIII." class="mw-redirect" title="Leon XIII.">Leona XIII.</a> <a href="/wiki/Rerum_Novarum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rerum Novarum">Rerum Novarum</a> iz leta <a href="/wiki/1891" title="1891">1891</a> in v enciklikah papeža <a href="/wiki/Pij_XI." class="mw-redirect" title="Pij XI.">Pija XI.</a> <a href="/wiki/Quadragesimo_Anno" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadragesimo Anno">Quadragesimo Anno</a> iz leta <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a> ter <a href="/wiki/Divini_Redemptoris" title="Divini Redemptoris">Divini Redemptoris</a> iz leta <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komunizem_danes">Komunizem danes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi razdelek: Komunizem danes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=14" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Komunizem danes">uredi kodo</a>]</div> V teoretično-filozofskem smislu je komunizem živ v zamislih <a href="/wiki/Marksizem" title="Marksizem">marksizma</a>, ki še vedno ponuja možen pogled na zgodovino in zgodovinski razvoj človeštva. Pogled se z vse pogostejšimi in globljimi krizami ter z degradacijo in ogrožanjem ravnovesja narave, v zadnjem času zopet popularizira. Gl. <a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Slavoj Žižek</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Alain Badiou</a> sta organizirala izjemno odmevno konferenco na to temo. Socialistične države, kjer so na oblasti komunistične stranke ali stranke, ki so izšle iz svetovnega komunističnega sistema 20. stoletja z ustavno zagotovljenim monopolom oblasti, so: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ljudska_republika_Kitajska" title="Ljudska republika Kitajska">Ljudska republika Kitajska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuba" title="Kuba">Kuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severna_Koreja" title="Severna Koreja">Severna Koreja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> Od teh sta le še Severna Koreja in Kuba v bistvu ohranili tudi družbenoekonomski sistem, ki še ni podvržen zakonitostim kapitalizma. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mednarodna_obsodba_komunizma">Mednarodna obsodba komunizma</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Uredi razdelek: Mednarodna obsodba komunizma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=15" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Mednarodna obsodba komunizma">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Evropski_parlament" title="Evropski parlament">Evropski parlament</a> je z resolucijo<a href="#cite_note-165">[159]</a> med <a href="/wiki/Totalitarizem" title="Totalitarizem">totalitarne</a> režime, uvrstil tudi komunistične diktature. Resolucija skupaj omenja totalitarne in nedemokratične komunistične režime, <a href="/wiki/Nacizem" class="mw-redirect" title="Nacizem">nacizem</a> in dolgotrajne <a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%A1izem" title="Fašizem">fašistične</a> diktature v Grčiji, Španiji ter na Portugalskem. V slovenskem kontekstu med žrtve totalitarnega režima sodijo poleg žrtev <a href="/wiki/Povojni_zunajsodni_poboji_v_Sloveniji" title="Povojni zunajsodni poboji v Sloveniji">povojnih izvensodnih pobojev</a> tudi žrtve političnih procesov, in druge osebe, ki so desetletja po revoluciji doživljali krivice, zapostavljanje in izključevanje zato, ker idejno, nazorsko in politično niso bili ustrezali nazorom Komunistične partije.<a href="#cite_note-166">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[161]</a>. Med žrtve totalitarnega komunizma uvrščamo tudi zapornike <a href="/wiki/Goli_otok" title="Goli otok">Golega otoka</a>, ki so bili v večini primerov člani <a href="/wiki/KPJ" class="mw-redirect" title="KPJ">KPJ</a>, in so bili izvensodno poslani na »prevzgojo« v času akutnega <a href="/wiki/Informbiro" title="Informbiro">informbirojskega spora</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[162]</a>, kot tudi osebe, preganjanje na osnovi neupravičeno strogih zakonov o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Politi%C4%8Dni_prekr%C5%A1ek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politični prekršek (stran ne obstaja)">političnih prekrških</a>. Več evropskih poslancev je vložilo pobudo za izenačitev komunističnih simbolov z nacističnimi in fašističnimi<a href="#cite_note-169">[163]</a>, vendar pobuda ni bila sprejeta zaradi razhajanj mnenj o tem. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Glej_tudi">Glej tudi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Uredi razdelek: Glej tudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=16" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Glej tudi">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zgodovina_komunizma" title="Zgodovina komunizma">Zgodovina komunizma</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kritike_komunizma" title="Kritike komunizma">Kritike komunizma</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem">socializem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarizem" title="Totalitarizem">totalitarizem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_komunizem" title="Levi komunizem">levi komunizem</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sklici">Sklici</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Uredi razdelek: Sklici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=17" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Sklici">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Navedbe">Navedbe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Uredi razdelek: Navedbe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=18" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Navedbe">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_2019-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-0">1,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-1">1,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-2">1,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-3">1,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-4">1,4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-5">1,5</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_2019_1-6">1,6</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5980307">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«""›""‹"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBallDagger2019" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ball, Terence; Dagger, Richard, ur. (2019) [1999]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/communism">»Communism«</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> (revised izd.). Pridobljeno 10. junija 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=revised&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fcommunism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">»Communism«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Book_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Book Encyclopedia (stran ne obstaja)">World Book Encyclopedia</a>. Zv. 4. Chicago: World Book. 2008. str. 890. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-7166-0108-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-7166-0108-1"><bdi>978-0-7166-0108-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=World+Book+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=890&rft.pub=World+Book&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7166-0108-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEly1883" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ely, Richard T (1883). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frenchandgerman00elygoog">French and German socialism in modern times</a> (v angleščini). New York: Harper & Brothers. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frenchandgerman00elygoog/page/n47">35</a>–36. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/456632">456632</a>. <q>All communists without exception propose that the people as a whole, or some particular division of the people, as a village or commune, should own all the means of production—land, houses, factories, railroads, canals, etc.; that production should be carried on in common; and that officers, selected in one way or another, should distribute among the inhabitants the fruits of their labor.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=French+and+German+socialism+in+modern+times&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=35-36&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1883&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F456632&rft.aulast=Ely&rft.aufirst=Richard+T&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffrenchandgerman00elygoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steele_p.43-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Steele_p.43_4-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFSteele1992">Steele (1992)</a>, str. 43: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBukharinPreobrazhensky1922" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolai_Bukharin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolai Bukharin (stran ne obstaja)">Bukharin, Nikolai</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yevgeni_Preobrazhensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yevgeni Preobrazhensky (stran ne obstaja)">Preobrazhensky, Yevgeni</a> (1922) [1920]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1920/abc/ABC-of-Communism.pdf#page=67">»Distribution in the communist system«</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_ABC_of_Communism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The ABC of Communism (stran ne obstaja)">The ABC of Communism</a>. Prevod: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cedar_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cedar Paul (stran ne obstaja)">Paul, Cedar</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eden_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eden Paul (stran ne obstaja)">Paul, Eden</a>. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (stran ne obstaja)">Communist Party of Great Britain</a>. str. 72–73, § 20. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Distribution+in+the+communist+system&rft.btitle=The+ABC+of+Communism&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=72-73%2C+%C2%A7+20&rft.pub=Communist+Party+of+Great+Britain&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Bukharin&rft.aufirst=Nikolai&rft.au=Preobrazhensky%2C+Yevgeni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fbukharin%2Fworks%2F1920%2Fabc%2FABC-of-Communism.pdf%23page%3D67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEngels2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels, Friedrich</a> (2005) [1847]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm#18">»Section 18: What will be the course of this revolution?«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Principles_of_Communism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Principles of Communism (stran ne obstaja)">Principles of Communism</a>. Prevod: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Sweezy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Sweezy (stran ne obstaja)">Sweezy, Paul</a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>. <q>Finally, when all capital, all production, all exchange have been brought together in the hands of the nation, private property will disappear of its own accord, money will become superfluous, and production will so expand and man so change that society will be able to slough off whatever of its old economic habits may remain.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Section+18%3A+What+will+be+the+course+of+this+revolution%3F&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Communism&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.aufirst=Friedrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fmarx%2Fworks%2F1847%2F11%2Fprin-com.htm%2318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBukharinPreobrazhensky1922" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolai_Bukharin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolai Bukharin (stran ne obstaja)">Bukharin, Nikolai</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yevgeni_Preobrazhensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yevgeni Preobrazhensky (stran ne obstaja)">Preobrazhensky, Yevgeni</a> (1922) [1920]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/bukharin/works/1920/abc/ABC-of-Communism.pdf#page=67">»Administrtion in the communist system«</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_ABC_of_Communism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The ABC of Communism (stran ne obstaja)">The ABC of Communism</a>. Prevod: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cedar_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cedar Paul (stran ne obstaja)">Paul, Cedar</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eden_Paul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eden Paul (stran ne obstaja)">Paul, Eden</a>. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (stran ne obstaja)">Communist Party of Great Britain</a>. str. 73–75, § 21. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Administrtion+in+the+communist+system&rft.btitle=The+ABC+of+Communism&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=73-75%2C+%C2%A7+21&rft.pub=Communist+Party+of+Great+Britain&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Bukharin&rft.aufirst=Nikolai&rft.au=Preobrazhensky%2C+Yevgeni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fbukharin%2Fworks%2F1920%2Fabc%2FABC-of-Communism.pdf%23page%3D67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFKurian2011" class="citation book cs1">Kurian, George, ur. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-encyclopedia-of-political-science">»Withering Away of the State«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Encyclopedia_of_Political_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Encyclopedia of Political Science (stran ne obstaja)">The Encyclopedia of Political Science</a>. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4135%2F9781608712434">10.4135/9781608712434</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-933116-44-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-933116-44-0"><bdi>978-1-933116-44-0</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 3. januarja 2016 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=SAGE_Knowledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAGE Knowledge (stran ne obstaja)">SAGE Knowledge</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Withering+Away+of+the+State&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Political+Science&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4135%2F9781608712434&rft.isbn=978-1-933116-44-0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsk.sagepub.com%2Freference%2Fthe-encyclopedia-of-political-science&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/communism/Non-Marxian-communism">»Communism - Non-Marxian communism«</a>. www.britannica.com (v angleščini). Pridobljeno 13. maja 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Communism+-+Non-Marxian+communism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fcommunism%2FNon-Marxian-communism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kinna_2012-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Kinna_2012_10-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFKinna2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Kinna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Kinna (stran ne obstaja)">Kinna, Ruth</a> (2012). Berry, Dave; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Kinna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruth Kinna (stran ne obstaja)">Kinna, Ruth</a>; Pinta, Saku; Prichard, Alex (ur.). Libertarian Socialism: Politics in Black and Red. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave_Macmillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave Macmillan (stran ne obstaja)">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. str. 1–34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781137284754" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781137284754"><bdi>9781137284754</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Libertarian+Socialism%3A+Politics+in+Black+and+Red&rft.place=London&rft.pages=1-34&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781137284754&rft.aulast=Kinna&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2009" class="citation journal cs1">March, Luke (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/ipg/ipg-2009-1/10_a_march_us.pdf">»Contemporary Far Left Parties in Europe: From Marxism to the Mainstream?«</a> (PDF). IPG. 1: 126–143 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Ebert_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Ebert Foundation (stran ne obstaja)">Friedrich Ebert Foundation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=IPG&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Far+Left+Parties+in+Europe%3A+From+Marxism+to+the+Mainstream%3F&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=126-143&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.fes.de%2Fpdf-files%2Fipg%2Fipg-2009-1%2F10_a_march_us.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGeorgeWilcox199695-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGeorgeWilcox199695_12-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFGeorgeWilcox1996">George & Wilcox 1996</a>, str. 95 "The far left in America consists principally of people who believe in some form of Marxism-Leninism, i.e., some form of Communism. A small minority of extreme leftists adhere to "pure" Marxism or collectivist anarchism. Most far leftists scorn reforms (except as a short-term tactic), and instead aim for the complete overthrow of the capitalist system including the U.S. government." </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/left">»Left«</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. 15. april 2009. Pridobljeno 22. maja 2022. <q>... communism is a more radical leftist ideology.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Left&rft.date=2009-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fleft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/radical-left">»Radical left«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictionary.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dictionary.com (stran ne obstaja)">Dictionary.com</a>. Pridobljeno 16. julija 2022. <q>Radical left is a term that refers collectively to people who hold left-wing political views that are considered extreme, such as supporting or working to establish communism, Marxism, Maoism, socialism, anarchism, or other forms of anticapitalism. The radical left is sometimes called the far left.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Dictionary.com&rft.atitle=Radical+left&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fradical-left&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2009" class="citation journal cs1">March, Luke (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/ipg/ipg-2009-1/10_a_march_us.pdf">»Contemporary Far Left Parties in Europe: From Marxism to the Mainstream?«</a> (PDF). IPG. 1: 126 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Ebert_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Ebert Foundation (stran ne obstaja)">Friedrich Ebert Foundation</a>. <q>The far left is becoming the principal challenge to mainstream social democratic parties, in large part because its main parties are no longer extreme, but present themselves as defending the values and policies that social democrats have allegedly abandoned.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=IPG&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Far+Left+Parties+in+Europe%3A+From+Marxism+to+the+Mainstream%3F&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=126&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.fes.de%2Fpdf-files%2Fipg%2Fipg-2009-1%2F10_a_march_us.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2012" class="citation book cs1">March, Luke (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xF3FBQAAQBA">Radical Left Parties in Europe</a> (E-book izd.). London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. str. 1724. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-136-57897-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-136-57897-7"><bdi>978-1-136-57897-7</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 19. novembra 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Radical+Left+Parties+in+Europe&rft.place=London&rft.pages=1724&rft.edition=E-book&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-136-57897-7&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxF3FBQAAQBA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtva_povezava" title="Wikipedija:Mrtva povezava">mrtva povezava</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFCosseron2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cosseron, Serge (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EgQFAQAAIAAJ">Dictionnaire de l'extrême gauche</a> [Dictionary of the far left] (v francoščini) (paperback izd.). Paris: Larousse. str. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-2-035-82620-6" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-2-035-82620-6"><bdi>978-2-035-82620-6</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 19. novembra 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+de+l%27extr%C3%AAme+gauche&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=20&rft.edition=paperback&rft.pub=Larousse&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-2-035-82620-6&rft.aulast=Cosseron&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEgQFAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2009" class="citation journal cs1">March, Luke (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/ipg/ipg-2009-1/10_a_march_us.pdf">»Contemporary Far Left Parties in Europe: From Marxism to the Mainstream?«</a> (PDF). IPG. 1: 129 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Ebert_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Ebert Foundation (stran ne obstaja)">Friedrich Ebert Foundation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=IPG&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Far+Left+Parties+in+Europe%3A+From+Marxism+to+the+Mainstream%3F&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=129&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.fes.de%2Fpdf-files%2Fipg%2Fipg-2009-1%2F10_a_march_us.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2012" class="citation book cs1">March, Luke (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xF3FBQAAQBA">Radical Left Parties in Europe</a> (E-book izd.). London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-136-57897-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-136-57897-7"><bdi>978-1-136-57897-7</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 19. novembra 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Radical+Left+Parties+in+Europe&rft.place=London&rft.edition=E-book&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-136-57897-7&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxF3FBQAAQBA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtva_povezava" title="Wikipedija:Mrtva povezava">mrtva povezava</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarch2012" class="citation journal cs1">March, Luke (september 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271926910">»Problems and Perspectives of Contemporary European Radical Left Parties: Chasing a Lost World or Still a World to Win?«</a>. International Critical Thought. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. 2 (3): 314–339. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F21598282.2012.706777">10.1080/21598282.2012.706777</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifikator)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2159-8312">2159-8312</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154948426">154948426</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=International+Critical+Thought&rft.atitle=Problems+and+Perspectives+of+Contemporary+European+Radical+Left+Parties%3A+Chasing+a+Lost+World+or+Still+a+World+to+Win%3F&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=314-339&rft.date=2012-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154948426%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2159-8312&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F21598282.2012.706777&rft.aulast=March&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F271926910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_%C4%8Dasopis" title="Predloga:Navedi časopis">navedi časopis</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Marx_&_Engels_1848-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Marx_&_Engels_1848_22-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEngelsMarx1969" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels, Friedrich</a>; <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx, Karl</a> (1969) [1848]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm">»Bourgeois and Proletarians«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Communist_Manifesto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Communist Manifesto (stran ne obstaja)">The Communist Manifesto</a>. Marx/Engels Selected Works. Zv. 1. Prevod: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Moore_(translator_of_Das_Kapital)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Moore (translator of Das Kapital) (stran ne obstaja)">Moore, Samuel</a>. Moscow: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress Publishers (stran ne obstaja)">Progress Publishers</a>. str. 98–137. Pridobljeno 1. marca 2022 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Bourgeois+and+Proletarians&rft.btitle=The+Communist+Manifesto&rft.place=Moscow&rft.series=Marx%2FEngels+Selected+Works&rft.pages=98-137&rft.pub=Progress+Publishers&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.aufirst=Friedrich&rft.au=Marx%2C+Karl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fmarx%2Fworks%2F1848%2Fcommunist-manifesto%2Fch02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman2005Morgan2015-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewman2005Morgan2015_23-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNewman2005">Newman 2005</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMorgan2015">Morgan 2015</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEngelsMarx1969" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels, Friedrich</a>; <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx, Karl</a> (1969) [1848]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm">»Bourgeois and Proletarians«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Communist_Manifesto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Communist Manifesto (stran ne obstaja)">The Communist Manifesto</a>. Prevod: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Moore_(translator_of_Das_Kapital)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Moore (translator of Das Kapital) (stran ne obstaja)">Moore, Samuel</a>. Moscow: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress Publishers (stran ne obstaja)">Progress Publishers</a>. Pridobljeno 1. marca 2022 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>. <q>In this sense, the theory of the Communists may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Bourgeois+and+Proletarians&rft.btitle=The+Communist+Manifesto&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pub=Progress+Publishers&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.aufirst=Friedrich&rft.au=Marx%2C+Karl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fmarx%2Fworks%2F1848%2Fcommunist-manifesto%2Fch02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2014" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Stephen (2014). The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism. Oxford, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. str. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+the+History+of+Communism&rft.place=Oxford%2C+England&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDarity2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Darity, William A. Jr., ur. (2008). »Communism«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Encyclopedia_of_the_Social_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (stran ne obstaja)">International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences</a>. Zv. 2 (2. izd.). New York City, New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Macmillan_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macmillan Publishers (stran ne obstaja)">Macmillan Reference USA</a>. str. 35–36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780028661179" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780028661179"><bdi>9780028661179</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+the+Social+Sciences&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pages=35-36&rft.edition=2.&rft.pub=Macmillan+Reference+USA&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780028661179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman20055-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewman20055_28-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNewman2005">Newman 2005</a>, str. 5: "Chapter 1 looks at the foundations of the doctrine by examining the contribution made by various traditions of socialism in the period between the early 19th century and the aftermath of the First World War. The two forms that emerged as dominant by the early 1920s were social democracy and communism." </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090129124930/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572241/Communism.html">»Communism«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encarta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encarta (stran ne obstaja)">Encarta</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572241/Communism.html">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 29. januarja 2009. Pridobljeno 15. junija 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Encarta&rft.atitle=Communism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencarta.msn.com%2Fencyclopedia_761572241%2FCommunism.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dunn2-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Dunn2_30-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDunn2016" class="citation book cs1">Dunn, Dennis (2016). A History of Orthodox, Islamic, and Western Christian Political Values. Basingstoke: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave-Macmillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave-Macmillan (stran ne obstaja)">Palgrave-Macmillan</a>. str. 126–131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-3319325668" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-3319325668"><bdi>978-3319325668</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Orthodox%2C+Islamic%2C+and+Western+Christian+Political+Values&rft.place=Basingstoke&rft.pages=126-131&rft.pub=Palgrave-Macmillan&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-3319325668&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFFrenkielShaoguang2009" class="citation web cs1">Frenkiel, Émilie; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Shaoguang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Shaoguang (stran ne obstaja)">Shaoguang, Wang</a> (15. julij 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laviedesidees.fr/IMG/pdf/20090715_entretienwang.pdf">»Political change and democracy in China«</a> (PDF). Laviedesidees.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170909060743/https://laviedesidees.fr/IMG/pdf/20090715_entretienwang.pdf">Arhivirano</a> (PDF) iz spletišča dne 9. septembra 2017. Pridobljeno 13. januarja 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Laviedesidees.fr&rft.atitle=Political+change+and+democracy+in+China&rft.date=2009-07-15&rft.aulast=Frenkiel&rft.aufirst=%C3%89milie&rft.au=Shaoguang%2C+Wang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaviedesidees.fr%2FIMG%2Fpdf%2F20090715_entretienwang.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDae-Kyu2003" class="citation journal cs1">Dae-Kyu, Yoon (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1934&context=ilj">»The Constitution of North Korea: Its Changes and Implications«</a>. Fordham International Law Journal. 27 (4): 1289–1305. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224144030/https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1934&context=ilj">Arhivirano</a> iz spletišča dne 24. februarja 2021. Pridobljeno 10. avgusta 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Fordham+International+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Constitution+of+North+Korea%3A+Its+Changes+and+Implications&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1289-1305&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Dae-Kyu&rft.aufirst=Yoon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fir.lawnet.fordham.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1934%26context%3Dilj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPark2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Park, Seong-Woo (23. september 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfa.org/korean/in_focus/first_millitary-09232009120017.html">»Bug gaejeong heonbeob 'seongunsasang' cheos myeong-gi« <bdi lang="ko">북 개정 헌법 '선군사상' 첫 명기</bdi></a> [First stipulation of the 'Seongun Thought' of the North Korean Constitution] (v korejščini). Radio Free Asia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210517045408/https://www.rfa.org/korean/in_focus/first_millitary-09232009120017.html">Arhivirano</a> iz spletišča dne 17. maja 2021. Pridobljeno 10. avgusta 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.atitle=Bug+gaejeong+heonbeob+%27seongunsasang%27+cheos+myeong-gi+%EB%B6%81+%EA%B0%9C%EC%A0%95+%ED%97%8C%EB%B2%95+%27%EC%84%A0%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%AC%EC%83%81%27+%EC%B2%AB+%EB%AA%85%EA%B8%B0&rft.date=2009-09-23&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Seong-Woo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfa.org%2Fkorean%2Fin_focus%2Ffirst_millitary-09232009120017.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSeth2019" class="citation book cs1">Seth, Michael J. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GPm9DwAAQBAJ&q=%22juche%22+%22ultranationalism%22&pg=PA159">A Concise History of Modern Korea: From the Late Nineteenth Century to the Present</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rowman_%26_Littlefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rowman & Littlefield (stran ne obstaja)">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. str. 159. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781538129050" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781538129050"><bdi>9781538129050</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210206043439/https://books.google.com/books?id=GPm9DwAAQBAJ&q=%22juche%22+%22ultranationalism%22&pg=PA159">Arhivirano</a> iz spletišča dne 6. februarja 2021. Pridobljeno 11. septembra 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+Modern+Korea%3A+From+the+Late+Nineteenth+Century+to+the+Present&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781538129050&rft.aulast=Seth&rft.aufirst=Michael+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGPm9DwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522juche%2522%2B%2522ultranationalism%2522%26pg%3DPA159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2016" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Max (6. januar 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/2016/1/6/10724334/north-korea-history">»The single most important fact for understanding North Korea«</a>. Vox. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306090942/https://www.vox.com/2016/1/6/10724334/north-korea-history">Arhivirano</a> iz spletišča dne 6. marca 2021. Pridobljeno 11. septembra 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Vox&rft.atitle=The+single+most+important+fact+for+understanding+North+Korea&rft.date=2016-01-06&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2016%2F1%2F6%2F10724334%2Fnorth-korea-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWorden2008" class="citation book cs1">Worden, Robert L., ur. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdn.loc.gov/master/frd/frdcstdy/no/northkoreacountr00word/northkoreacountr00word.pdf">North Korea: A Country Study</a> (PDF) (5th izd.). Washington, D. C.: <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. str. 206. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8444-1188-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8444-1188-0"><bdi>978-0-8444-1188-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725073828/https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/frd/frdcstdy/no/northkoreacountr00word/northkoreacountr00word.pdf">Arhivirano</a> (PDF) iz spletišča dne 25. julija 2021. Pridobljeno 11. septembra 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=North+Korea%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.+C.&rft.pages=206&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8444-1188-0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcdn.loc.gov%2Fmaster%2Ffrd%2Ffrdcstdy%2Fno%2Fnorthkoreacountr00word%2Fnorthkoreacountr00word.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSchwekendiek2011" class="citation book cs1">Schwekendiek, Daniel (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/socioeconomichis0000schw">A Socioeconomic History of North Korea</a>. Jefferson: <a href="/w/index.php?title=McFarland_%26_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McFarland & Company (stran ne obstaja)">McFarland & Company</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/socioeconomichis0000schw/page/31">31</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0786463442" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0786463442"><bdi>978-0786463442</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=A+Socioeconomic+History+of+North+Korea&rft.place=Jefferson&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0786463442&rft.aulast=Schwekendiek&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsocioeconomichis0000schw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELansford20079–24,_36–44-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELansford20079–24,_36–44_39-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLansford2007">Lansford 2007</a>, str. ;9–24, 36–44. </li> <li id="cite_note-Chomsky,_Howard,_Fitzgibbons-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Chomsky,_Howard,_Fitzgibbons_40-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFChomsky1986">Chomsky (1986)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFHowardKing2001">Howard & King (2001)</a> harvp napaka: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFHowardKing2001 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_in_Sfn_napake_predlog" title="Kategorija:Harv in Sfn napake predlog">pomoč</a>); <a href="#CITEREFFitzgibbons2002">Fitzgibbons (2002)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWolff2015" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_D._Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard D. Wolff (stran ne obstaja)">Wolff, Richard D.</a> (27. junij 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180311070639/http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/31567-socialism-means-abolishing-the-distinction-between-bosses-and-employees">»Socialism Means Abolishing the Distinction Between Bosses and Employees«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Truthout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Truthout (stran ne obstaja)">Truthout</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/31567-socialism-means-abolishing-the-distinction-between-bosses-and-employees">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 11. marca 2018. Pridobljeno 29. januarja 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Truthout&rft.atitle=Socialism+Means+Abolishing+the+Distinction+Between+Bosses+and+Employees&rft.date=2015-06-27&rft.aulast=Wolff&rft.aufirst=Richard+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.truth-out.org%2Fnews%2Fitem%2F31567-socialism-means-abolishing-the-distinction-between-bosses-and-employees&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGhodseeSehonDresser2018-42"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGhodseeSehonDresser2018_42-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFGhodseeSehonDresser2018">Ghodsee, Sehon & Dresser 2018</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Wheatcroft_2000-43"><a href="#cite_ref-Wheatcroft_2000_43-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWheatcroft1999" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_G._Wheatcroft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen G. Wheatcroft (stran ne obstaja)">Wheatcroft, Stephen G.</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_europe-asia-studies_1999-03_51_2/page/315">»Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Data. Not the Last Word«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Europe-Asia_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europe-Asia Studies (stran ne obstaja)">Europe-Asia Studies</a>. 51 (2): 315–345. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09668139999056">10.1080/09668139999056</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifikator)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0966-8136">0966-8136</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/153614">153614</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Europe-Asia+Studies&rft.atitle=Victims+of+Stalinism+and+the+Soviet+Secret+Police%3A+The+Comparability+and+Reliability+of+the+Archival+Data.+Not+the+Last+Word&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=315-345&rft.date=1999&rft.issn=0966-8136&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F153614%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09668139999056&rft.aulast=Wheatcroft&rft.aufirst=Stephen+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_europe-asia-studies_1999-03_51_2%2Fpage%2F315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWheatcroft2000" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_G._Wheatcroft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen G. Wheatcroft (stran ne obstaja)">Wheatcroft, Stephen G.</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_europe-asia-studies_2000-09_52_6/page/1143">»The Scale and Nature of Stalinist Repression and Its Demographic Significance: On Comments by Keep and Conquest«</a>. Europe-Asia Studies. 52 (6): 1143–1159. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09668130050143860">10.1080/09668130050143860</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifikator)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0966-8136">0966-8136</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/153593">153593</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifikator)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19326595">19326595</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205667754">205667754</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Europe-Asia+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Scale+and+Nature+of+Stalinist+Repression+and+Its+Demographic+Significance%3A+On+Comments+by+Keep+and+Conquest&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1143-1159&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205667754%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09668130050143860&rft.issn=0966-8136&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F153593%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19326595&rft.aulast=Wheatcroft&rft.aufirst=Stephen+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_europe-asia-studies_2000-09_52_6%2Fpage%2F1143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELansford200724–25-45">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELansford200724–25_45-0">42,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELansford200724–25_45-1">42,1</a> <a href="#CITEREFLansford2007">Lansford 2007</a>, str. ;24–25. </li> <li id="cite_note-Getty_7–8-46"><a href="#cite_ref-Getty_7–8_46-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGetty1987" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Arch_Getty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Arch Getty (stran ne obstaja)">Getty, J. Arch</a> (22. januar 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v09/n02/j-arch-getty/starving-the-ukraine">»Starving the Ukraine«</a>. The London Review of Books. Zv. 9, št. 2. str. 7–8. Pridobljeno 13. avgusta 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+London+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Starving+the+Ukraine&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=7-8&rft.date=1987-01-22&rft.aulast=Getty&rft.aufirst=J.+Arch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fv09%2Fn02%2Fj-arch-getty%2Fstarving-the-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMarples2009" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_R._Marples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David R. Marples (stran ne obstaja)">Marples, David R.</a> (Maj 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_europe-asia-studies_2009-05_61_3/page/505">»Ethnic Issues in the Famine of 1932–1933 in Ukraine«</a>. Europe-Asia Studies. 61 (3): 505–518. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09668130902753325">10.1080/09668130902753325</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27752256">27752256</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:67783643">67783643</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Europe-Asia+Studies&rft.atitle=Ethnic+Issues+in+the+Famine+of+1932%E2%80%931933+in+Ukraine&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=505-518&rft.date=2009-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A67783643%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27752256%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09668130902753325&rft.aulast=Marples&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_europe-asia-studies_2009-05_61_3%2Fpage%2F505&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davies_&_Harris_2005,_pp._3–5-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Davies_&_Harris_2005,_pp._3–5_48-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDaviesHarris2005" class="citation book cs1">Davies, Sarah; Harris, James (2005). »Joseph Stalin: Power and Ideas«. Stalin: A New History. Cambridge: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. str. 3–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-139-44663-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-139-44663-1"><bdi>978-1-139-44663-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Joseph+Stalin%3A+Power+and+Ideas&rft.btitle=Stalin%3A+A+New+History&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=3-5&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-139-44663-1&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.au=Harris%2C+James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEllman2002" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Ellman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Ellman (stran ne obstaja)">Ellman, Michael</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/ELM-Repression_Statistics.pdf">»Soviet Repression Statistics: Some Comments«</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Europe-Asia_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europe-Asia Studies (stran ne obstaja)">Europe-Asia Studies</a>. 54 (7): 1172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0966813022000017177">10.1080/0966813022000017177</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:43510161">43510161</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Europe-Asia+Studies&rft.atitle=Soviet+Repression+Statistics%3A+Some+Comments&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1172&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0966813022000017177&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A43510161%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Ellman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsovietinfo.tripod.com%2FELM-Repression_Statistics.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karllson_&_Schoenhals_2008-50"><a href="#cite_ref-Karllson_&_Schoenhals_2008_50-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Karllson & Schoenhals 2008</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Harff_1996-51"><a href="#cite_ref-Harff_1996_51-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Harff 1996</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Hiroaki_2001-52"><a href="#cite_ref-Hiroaki_2001_52-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Hiroaki 2001</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Paczkowski_2001-53">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Paczkowski_2001_53-0">50,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paczkowski_2001_53-1">50,1</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Paczkowski 2001</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Weiner_2002-54"><a href="#cite_ref-Weiner_2002_54-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Weiner 2002</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Dulić_2004-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Dulić_2004_55-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Dulić 2004</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Harff_2017-56"><a href="#cite_ref-Harff_2017_56-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Harff 2017</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Paczkowski_2001,_pp._32–33-57"><a href="#cite_ref-Paczkowski_2001,_pp._32–33_57-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Paczkowski 2001, pp. 32–33</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman1998" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanley_Hoffmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanley Hoffmann (stran ne obstaja)">Hoffman, Stanley</a> (Spring 1998). »Le Livre noir du communisme: Crimes, terreur, répression (The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, and Repression) by Stéphane Courtois«. Foreign Policy. 110 (Special Edition: Frontiers of Knowledge): 166–169. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1149284">10.2307/1149284</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1149284">1149284</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Le+Livre+noir+du+communisme%3A+Crimes%2C+terreur%2C+r%C3%A9pression+%28The+Black+Book+of+Communism%3A+Crimes%2C+Terror%2C+and+Repression%29+by+St%C3%A9phane+Courtois.&rft.ssn=pomlad&rft.volume=110+%28Special+Edition%3A+Frontiers+of+Knowledge%29&rft.pages=166-169&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1149284&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1149284%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosefielde_2010-59"><a href="#cite_ref-Rosefielde_2010_59-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFRosefielde2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steven_Rosefielde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven Rosefielde (stran ne obstaja)">Rosefielde, Steven</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7_eMAgAAQBAJ">Red Holocaust</a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. str. xvi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-415-77757-5" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-415-77757-5"><bdi>978-0-415-77757-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Red+Holocaust&rft.place=London&rft.pages=xvi&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-415-77757-5&rft.aulast=Rosefielde&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7_eMAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSuny2007" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Grigor_Suny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Grigor Suny (stran ne obstaja)">Suny, Ronald Grigor</a> (2007). »Russian Terror/ism and Revisionist Historiography«. Australian Journal of Politics & History. 53 (1): 5–19. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8497.2007.00439.x">10.1111/j.1467-8497.2007.00439.x</a>. <q>... [leaves out] most of the 40-60,000,000 lives lost in the Second World War, for which arguably Hitler and not Stalin was principally responsible.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Politics+%26+History&rft.atitle=Russian+Terror%2Fism+and+Revisionist+Historiography&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5-19&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8497.2007.00439.x&rft.aulast=Suny&rft.aufirst=Ronald+Grigor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGettyRitterspornZemskov1993" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Arch_Getty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Arch Getty (stran ne obstaja)">Getty, J. Arch</a>; Rittersporn, Gábor; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Zemskov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viktor Zemskov (stran ne obstaja)">Zemskov, Viktor</a> (Oktober 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/GTY-Penal_System.pdf">»Victims of the Soviet Penal System in the Pre-War Years: A First Approach on the Basis of Archival Evidence«</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Historical_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Historical Review (stran ne obstaja)">American Historical Review</a>. 98 (4): 1017–1049. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2166597">10.2307/2166597</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2166597">2166597</a>. Pridobljeno 17. avgusta 2021 – prek Soviet Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=American+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=Victims+of+the+Soviet+Penal+System+in+the+Pre-War+Years%3A+A+First+Approach+on+the+Basis+of+Archival+Evidence&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1017-1049&rft.date=1993-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2166597&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2166597%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Getty&rft.aufirst=J.+Arch&rft.au=Rittersporn%2C+G%C3%A1bor&rft.au=Zemskov%2C+Viktor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsovietinfo.tripod.com%2FGTY-Penal_System.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wheatcroft_1999-63"><a href="#cite_ref-Wheatcroft_1999_63-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWheatcroft1999" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_G._Wheatcroft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen G. Wheatcroft (stran ne obstaja)">Wheatcroft, Stephen G.</a> (Marec 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/WCR-Secret_Police.pdf">»Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Data. Not the Last Word«</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Europe-Asia_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europe-Asia Studies (stran ne obstaja)">Europe-Asia Studies</a>. 51 (2): 340–342. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09668139999056">10.1080/09668139999056</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/153614">153614</a>. Pridobljeno 17. avgusta 2021 – prek Soviet Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Europe-Asia+Studies&rft.atitle=Victims+of+Stalinism+and+the+Soviet+Secret+Police%3A+The+Comparability+and+Reliability+of+the+Archival+Data.+Not+the+Last+Word&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=340-342&rft.date=1999-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09668139999056&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F153614%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Wheatcroft&rft.aufirst=Stephen+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsovietinfo.tripod.com%2FWCR-Secret_Police.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snyder-64"><a href="#cite_ref-Snyder_64-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSnyder2011" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timothy_D._Snyder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timothy D. Snyder (stran ne obstaja)">Snyder, Timothy</a> (27. januar 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2011/01/27/hitler-vs-stalin-who-was-worse">»Hitler vs. Stalin: Who Was Worse?«</a>. The New York Review of Books. Pridobljeno 17. avgusta 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Hitler+vs.+Stalin%3A+Who+Was+Worse%3F&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Fdaily%2F2011%2F01%2F27%2Fhitler-vs-stalin-who-was-worse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bloodlandseurope00snyd_814/page/n404">p. 384</a> of Snyder's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloodlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloodlands (stran ne obstaja)">Bloodlands</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ghodsee_2014-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Ghodsee_2014_66-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Ghodsee 2014</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Neumayer_2018-67"><a href="#cite_ref-Neumayer_2018_67-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Neumayer 2018</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fran.si/193/marko-snoj-slovenski-etimoloski-slovar/4287786/komunizem?">»Komunizem«</a>. Etimološki slovar. ISJFR ZRC SAZU. Pridobljeno 31. oktobra 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Etimolo%C5%A1ki+slovar&rft.atitle=Komunizem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffran.si%2F193%2Fmarko-snoj-slovenski-etimoloski-slovar%2F4287786%2Fkomunizem%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harper_2020-69">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Harper_2020_69-0">64,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harper_2020_69-1">64,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHarper2020" class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/communist">»Communist«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Online_Etymology_Dictionary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Online Etymology Dictionary (stran ne obstaja)">Online Etymology Dictionary</a>. Pridobljeno 15. avgusta 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Communist&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fcommunist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20192-70">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_20192_70-0">65,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_20192_70-1">65,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_20192_70-2">65,2</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Ball & Dagger 20192</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Morris-71"><a href="#cite_ref-Morris_71-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2021" class="citation web cs1">Morris, Emily (8. marec 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/culture-online/ask-expert/your-questions-answered/does-communism-work-if-so-why-not">»Does communism work? If so, why not«</a>. Culture Online. <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="University College London">University College London</a>. Pridobljeno 13. avgusta 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=Culture+Online&rft.atitle=Does+communism+work%3F+If+so%2C+why+not&rft.date=2021-03-08&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fculture-online%2Fask-expert%2Fyour-questions-answered%2Fdoes-communism-work-if-so-why-not&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGrandjonc1983" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Grandjonc" class="extiw" title="de:Jacques Grandjonc">Grandjonc, Jacques</a> [v nemščina] (1983). »Quelques dates à propos des termes communiste et communisme« [Some dates on the terms communist and communism]. Mots (v francoščini). 7 (1): 143–148. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fmots.1983.1122">10.3406/mots.1983.1122</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Mots&rft.atitle=Quelques+dates+%C3%A0+propos+des+termes+communiste+et+communisme&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=143-148&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fmots.1983.1122&rft.aulast=Grandjonc&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hodges-73"><a href="#cite_ref-Hodges_73-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHodges2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_C._Hodges&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald C. Hodges (stran ne obstaja)">Hodges, Donald C.</a> (1. februar 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pu7zAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA36">Sandino's Communism: Spiritual Politics for the Twenty-First Century</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Texas_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Texas Press (stran ne obstaja)">University of Texas Press</a>. str. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-292-71564-6" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-292-71564-6"><bdi>978-0-292-71564-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Sandino%27s+Communism%3A+Spiritual+Politics+for+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2014-02-01&rft.isbn=978-0-292-71564-6&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Donald+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPu7zAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFNancy1992" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_Nancy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Luc Nancy (stran ne obstaja)">Nancy, Jean-Luc</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://commoningtimes.org/texts/nancy-communism-the-word.pdf">»Communism, the Word«</a> (PDF). Commoning Times. Pridobljeno 11. julija 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=neznano&rft.btitle=Communism%2C+the+Word&rft.pub=Commoning+Times&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Nancy&rft.aufirst=Jean-Luc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcommoningtimes.org%2Ftexts%2Fnancy-communism-the-word.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Williams_1985,_p._289-75">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_1985,_p._289_75-0">70,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_1985,_p._289_75-1">70,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1985" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Raymond (1985) [1976]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich/page/289">»Socialism«</a>. Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society (revised izd.). New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich/page/289">289</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-1952-0469-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-1952-0469-8"><bdi>978-0-1952-0469-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1035920683">1035920683</a>. <q>The decisive distinction between socialist and communist, as in one sense these terms are now ordinarily used, came with the renaming, in 1918, of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks) as the All-Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). From that time on, a distinction of socialist from communist, often with supporting definitions such as social democrat or democratic socialist, became widely current, although it is significant that all communist parties, in line with earlier usage, continued to describe themselves as socialist and dedicated to socialism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Socialism&rft.btitle=Keywords%3A+A+Vocabulary+of+Culture+and+Society&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=289&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1035920683&rft.isbn=978-0-1952-0469-8&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkeywordsvocabula00willrich%2Fpage%2F289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steele_p.432-76"><a href="#cite_ref-Steele_p.432_76-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Steele p.432</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGregoryStuart2003" class="citation book cs1">Gregory, Paul R.; Stuart, Robert C. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000greg">Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First</a> (7 izd.). South-Western College Pub. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000greg/page/118">118</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-618-26181-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-618-26181-8"><bdi>0-618-26181-8</bdi></a>. <q>Under socialism, each individual would be expected to contribute according to capability, and rewards would be distributed in proportion to that contribution. Subsequently, under communism, the basis of reward would be need.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Comparing+Economic+Systems+in+the+Twenty-First&rft.pages=118&rft.edition=7&rft.pub=South-Western+College+Pub.&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-618-26181-8&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Paul+R.&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Robert+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcomparingeconomi0000greg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEly1883" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard T. Ely (stran ne obstaja)">Ely, Richard T.</a> (1883). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frenchandgerman00elygoog">French and German socialism in modern times</a> (v angleščini). New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harper_%26_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harper & Brothers (stran ne obstaja)">Harper & Brothers</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frenchandgerman00elygoog/page/n41">29</a>–30. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/456632">456632</a>. <q>The central idea of communism is economic equality. It is desired by communists that all ranks and differences in society should disappear, and one man be as good as another... The distinctive idea of socialism is distributive justice. It goes back of the processes of modern life to the fact that he who does not work, lives on the labor of others. It aims to distribute economic goods according to the services rendered by the recipients... Every communist is a socialist, and something more. Not every socialist is a communist.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=French+and+German+socialism+in+modern+times&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=29-30&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1883&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F456632&rft.aulast=Ely&rft.aufirst=Richard+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffrenchandgerman00elygoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steele,_pp.44–45-79"><a href="#cite_ref-Steele,_pp.44–45_79-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFSteele1992">Steele (1992)</a>, str. ;44–45: "By 1888, the term 'socialism' was in general use among Marxists, who had dropped 'communism', now considered an old fashioned term meaning the same as 'socialism'. ... At the turn of the century, Marxists called themselves socialists. ... The definition of socialism and communism as successive stages was introduced into Marxist theory by Lenin in 1917 ..., the new distinction was helpful to Lenin in defending his party against the traditional Marxist criticism that Russia was too backward for a socialist revolution." </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBusky2000" class="citation book cs1">Busky, Donald F. (2000). Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey. Santa Barbara, California: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenwood_Publishing_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenwood Publishing Group (stran ne obstaja)">Praeger</a>. str. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-275-96886-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-275-96886-1"><bdi>978-0-275-96886-1</bdi></a>. <q>In a modern sense of the word, communism refers to the ideology of Marxism-Leninism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Democratic+Socialism%3A+A+Global+Survey&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-275-96886-1&rft.aulast=Busky&rft.aufirst=Donald+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1985" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Williams (stran ne obstaja)">Williams, Raymond</a> (1985) [1976]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich/page/289">»Socialism«</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich">Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society</a> (revised izd.). New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-1952-0469-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-1952-0469-8"><bdi>978-0-1952-0469-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Socialism&rft.btitle=Keywords%3A+A+Vocabulary+of+Culture+and+Society&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-1952-0469-8&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkeywordsvocabula00willrich%2Fpage%2F289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEngels2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels, Friedrich</a> (2002) [1888]. Preface to the 1888 English Edition of the Communist Manifesto. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Books (stran ne obstaja)">Penguin</a>. str. 202.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Preface+to+the+1888+English+Edition+of+the+Communist+Manifesto&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.aufirst=Friedrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFTodorova2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maria_Todorova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maria Todorova (stran ne obstaja)">Todorova, Maria</a> (2020). The Lost World of Socialists at Europe's Margins: Imagining Utopia, 1870s–1920s (hardcover izd.). London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomsbury_Academic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomsbury Academic (stran ne obstaja)">Bloomsbury Academic</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781350150331" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781350150331"><bdi>9781350150331</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Lost+World+of+Socialists+at+Europe%27s+Margins%3A+Imagining+Utopia%2C+1870s%E2%80%931920s&rft.place=London&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781350150331&rft.aulast=Todorova&rft.aufirst=Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGildea2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Gildea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Gildea (stran ne obstaja)">Gildea, Robert</a> (2000). »1848 in European Collective Memory«. V <a href="/w/index.php?title=R._J._W._Evans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R. J. W. Evans (stran ne obstaja)">Evans, Robert John Weston</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmut_Pogge_von_Strandmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmut Pogge von Strandmann (stran ne obstaja)">Strandmann, Hartmut Pogge</a> (ur.). The Revolutions in Europe, 1848–1849: From Reform to Reaction (hardcover izd.). Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. str. 207–235. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780198208402" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780198208402"><bdi>9780198208402</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=1848+in+European+Collective+Memory&rft.btitle=The+Revolutions+in+Europe%2C+1848%E2%80%931849%3A+From+Reform+to+Reaction&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=207-235&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780198208402&rft.aulast=Gildea&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hudis_et_al._2018-85"><a href="#cite_ref-Hudis_et_al._2018_85-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHudis2018" class="citation book cs1">Hudis, Peter (10. september 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190695545.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780190695545-e-50">»Marx's Concept of Socialism«</a>. V Hudis, Peter; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matt_Vidal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matt Vidal (stran ne obstaja)">Vidal, Matt</a>; Smith, Tony; Rotta, Tomás; Prew, Paul (ur.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190695545.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780190695545">The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780190695545.001.0001">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190695545.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-069554-5" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-069554-5"><bdi>978-0-19-069554-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Marx%27s+Concept+of+Socialism&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Karl+Marx&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018-09-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780190695545.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-069554-5&rft.aulast=Hudis&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordhandbooks.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780190695545.001.0001%2Foxfordhb-9780190695545-e-50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBusky2000" class="citation book cs1">Busky, Donald F. (2000). Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey. Santa Barbara, California: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenwood_Publishing_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenwood Publishing Group (stran ne obstaja)">Praeger</a>. str. 6–8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-275-96886-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-275-96886-1"><bdi>978-0-275-96886-1</bdi></a>. <q>In a modern sense of the word, communism refers to the ideology of Marxism–Leninism. ... [T]he adjective democratic is added by democratic socialists to attempt to distinguish themselves from Communists who also call themselves socialists. All but communists, or more accurately, Marxist–Leninists, believe that modern-day communism is highly undemocratic and totalitarian in practice, and democratic socialists wish to emphasise by their name that they disagree strongly with the Marxist–Leninist brand of socialism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Democratic+Socialism%3A+A+Global+Survey&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pages=6-8&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-275-96886-1&rft.aulast=Busky&rft.aufirst=Donald+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">»Communism«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Columbia_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Columbia Encyclopedia (stran ne obstaja)">The Columbia Encyclopedia</a> (6th izd.). 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=The+Columbia+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=6th&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1989" class="citation journal cs1">Walker, Rachel (april 1989). »Marxism–Leninism as Discourse: The Politics of the Empty Signifier and the Double Bind«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Journal_of_Political_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Journal of Political Science (stran ne obstaja)">British Journal of Political Science</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. 19 (2): 161–189. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0007123400005421">10.1017/S0007123400005421</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/193712">193712</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145755330">145755330</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Political+Science&rft.atitle=Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism+as+Discourse%3A+The+Politics+of+the+Empty+Signifier+and+the+Double+Bind&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=161-189&rft.date=1989-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145755330%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F193712%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0007123400005421&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_%C4%8Dasopis" title="Predloga:Navedi časopis">navedi časopis</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMalia2002" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Malia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Malia (stran ne obstaja)">Malia, Martin</a> (Fall 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_national-interest_fall-2002_69/page/63">»Judging Nazism and Communism«</a>. The National Interest. Center for the National Interest (69): 63–78. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42895560">42895560</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+National+Interest&rft.atitle=Judging+Nazism+and+Communism&rft.ssn=jesen&rft.issue=69&rft.pages=63-78&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42895560%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Malia&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_national-interest_fall-2002_69%2Fpage%2F63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-David-Fox_2004-90"><a href="#cite_ref-David-Fox_2004_90-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>David-Fox 2004</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Dallin_2000-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Dallin_2000_91-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Dallin 2000</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilczynski2008">Wilczynski (2008)</a>, str. 21; <a href="#CITEREFSteele1999">Steele (1999)</a>, str. 45 harvp error: no target: CITEREFSteele1999 (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Harv_in_Sfn_napake_predlog" title="Kategorija:Harv in Sfn napake predlog">pomoč</a>): "Among Western journalists the term 'Communist' came to refer exclusively to regimes and movements associated with the Communist International and its offspring: regimes which insisted that they were not communist but socialist, and movements which were barely communist in any sense at all."; <a href="#CITEREFRosserBarkley2003">Rosser & Barkley (2003)</a>, str. 14; <a href="#CITEREFWilliams1983">Williams (1983)</a>, str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich/page/289">289</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFNation1992" class="citation book cs1">Nation, R. Craig (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190801050439/https://books.google.ie/books?id=WK18-OoR0pIC&pg=PA85#v=onepage&q&f=false">Black Earth, Red Star: A History of Soviet Security Policy, 1917–1991</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornell_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornell University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cornell University Press</a>. str. 85–86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0801480072" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0801480072"><bdi>978-0801480072</bdi></a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WK18-OoR0pIC&pg=PA85">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 1. avgusta 2019. Pridobljeno 19. decembra 2014 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Black+Earth%2C+Red+Star%3A+A+History+of+Soviet+Security+Policy%2C+1917%E2%80%931991&rft.pages=85-86&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0801480072&rft.aulast=Nation&rft.aufirst=R.+Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWK18-OoR0pIC%26pg%3DPA85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pipes-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Pipes_94-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPipes2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Pipes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Pipes (stran ne obstaja)">Pipes, Richard</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communismhistory00pipe">Communism: A History</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communismhistory00pipe/page/3">3</a>–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8129-6864-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8129-6864-4"><bdi>978-0-8129-6864-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Communism%3A+A+History&rft.pages=3-5&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8129-6864-4&rft.aulast=Pipes&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommunismhistory00pipe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBostaph1994" class="citation book cs1">Bostaph, Samuel (1994). »Communism, Sparta, and Plato«. V Reisman, David A. (ur.). Economic Thought and Political Theory. Recent Economic Thought Series. Zv. 37 (hardcover izd.). Dordrecht: <a href="/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" title="Springer Science+Business Media">Springer</a>. str. 1–36. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-011-1380-9_1">10.1007/978-94-011-1380-9_1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780792394334" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780792394334"><bdi>9780792394334</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism%2C+Sparta%2C+and+Plato&rft.btitle=Economic+Thought+and+Political+Theory&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.series=Recent+Economic+Thought+Series&rft.pages=1-36&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-011-1380-9_1&rft.isbn=9780792394334&rft.aulast=Bostaph&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFFranklin1950" class="citation journal cs1">Franklin, A. Mildred (9. januar 1950). »Communism and Dictatorship in Ancient Greece and Rome«. The Classical Weekly. Baltimore, Maryland: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johns_Hopkins_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johns Hopkins University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>. 43 (6): 83–89. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4342653">10.2307/4342653</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4342653">4342653</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+Classical+Weekly&rft.atitle=Communism+and+Dictatorship+in+Ancient+Greece+and+Rome&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=83-89&rft.date=1950-01-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4342653&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4342653%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Franklin&rft.aufirst=A.+Mildred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ehsan_Yarshater&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ehsan Yarshater (stran ne obstaja)">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-derafsh-kaviyani.com/english/mazdak.pdf">"Mazdakism"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080611075040/http://www.derafsh-kaviyani.com/english/mazdak.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2008. Retrieved 10 June 2020. The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Period. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Cambridge_History_of_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Cambridge History of Iran (stran ne obstaja)">The Cambridge History of Iran</a>. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 991–1024, especially p. 1019. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ermak_2019-98"><a href="#cite_ref-Ermak_2019_98-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFErmak2019" class="citation book cs1">Ermak, Gennady (2019). Communism: The Great Misunderstanding. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-7979-5738-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-7979-5738-8"><bdi>978-1-7979-5738-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Communism%3A+The+Great+Misunderstanding&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-7979-5738-8&rft.aulast=Ermak&rft.aufirst=Gennady&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a> Janzen, Rod; Stanton, Max (2010). The Hutterites in North America (illustrated ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=lgUbHUXmrvYC&pg=PA17#v=onepage&q&f=false">p. 17</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780801899256" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780801899256">9780801899256</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHouldenMinard2015" class="citation book cs1">Houlden, Leslie; Minard, Antone (2015). Jesus in History, Legend, Scripture, and Tradition: A World Encyclopedia: A World Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ABC-CLIO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABC-CLIO (stran ne obstaja)">ABC-CLIO</a>. str. 357. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781610698047" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781610698047"><bdi>9781610698047</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Jesus+in+History%2C+Legend%2C+Scripture%2C+and+Tradition%3A+A+World+Encyclopedia%3A+A+World+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara&rft.pages=357&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781610698047&rft.aulast=Houlden&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.au=Minard%2C+Antone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHalfin2000" class="citation book cs1">Halfin, Igal (2000). From Darkness to Light: Class, Consciousness, and Salvation in Revolutionary Russia. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Pittsburgh_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Pittsburgh Press (stran ne obstaja)">University of Pittsburgh Press</a>. str. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0822957043" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0822957043"><bdi>0822957043</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=From+Darkness+to+Light%3A+Class%2C+Consciousness%2C+and+Salvation+in+Revolutionary+Russia&rft.place=Pittsburgh%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0822957043&rft.aulast=Halfin&rft.aufirst=Igal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSurtz1949" class="citation journal cs1">Surtz, Edward L. (Junij 1949). »Thomas More and Communism«. PMLA. Cambridge: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. 64 (3): 549–564. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F459753">10.2307/459753</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/459753">459753</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163924226">163924226</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=PMLA&rft.atitle=Thomas+More+and+Communism&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=549-564&rft.date=1949-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163924226%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F459753%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F459753&rft.aulast=Surtz&rft.aufirst=Edward+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFNandanwad2020" class="citation magazine cs1">Nandanwad, Nikita (13. december 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://retrospectjournal.com/2020/12/13/communism-virtue-and-the-ideal-commonwealth-in-thomas-mores-utopia/">»Communism, virtue and the ideal commonwealth in Thomas More's Utopia«</a>. Retrospect Journal. Edinburgh: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edinburgh_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edinburgh University (stran ne obstaja)">Edinburgh University</a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Retrospect+Journal&rft.atitle=Communism%2C+virtue+and+the+ideal+commonwealth+in+Thomas+More%27s+Utopia&rft.date=2020-12-13&rft.aulast=Nandanwad&rft.aufirst=Nikita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fretrospectjournal.com%2F2020%2F12%2F13%2Fcommunism-virtue-and-the-ideal-commonwealth-in-thomas-mores-utopia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Papke_2016-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Papke_2016_104-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPapke2016" class="citation journal cs1">Papke, David (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&context=utopia500">»The Communisitic Inclinations of Sir Thomas More«</a>. Utopia500 (7). Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek Scholarly Commons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Utopia500&rft.atitle=The+Communisitic+Inclinations+of+Sir+Thomas+More&rft.issue=7&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Papke&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarlycommons.pacific.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1006%26context%3Dutopia500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBernstein1895-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBernstein1895_105-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBernstein1895">Bernstein 1895</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFElmen1954" class="citation journal cs1">Elmen, Paul (september 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_church-history_1954-09_23_3/page/207">»The Theological Basis of Digger Communism«</a>. Church History. Cambridge: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. 23 (3): 207–218. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3161310">10.2307/3161310</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3161310">3161310</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161700029">161700029</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Church+History&rft.atitle=The+Theological+Basis+of+Digger+Communism&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=207-218&rft.date=1954-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161700029%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3161310%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3161310&rft.aulast=Elmen&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_church-history_1954-09_23_3%2Fpage%2F207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_%C4%8Dasopis" title="Predloga:Navedi časopis">navedi časopis</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFJuretic1974" class="citation journal cs1">Juretic, George (april–junij 1974). »Digger no Millenarian: The Revolutionizing of Gerrard Winstanley«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_the_History_of_Ideas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of the History of Ideas (stran ne obstaja)">Journal of the History of Ideas</a>. Philadelfia, Pennsylvania: <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Pennsylvania_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Pennsylvania Press (stran ne obstaja)">University of Pennsylvania Press</a>. 36 (2): 263–280. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2708927">10.2307/2708927</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2708927">2708927</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+History+of+Ideas&rft.atitle=Digger+no+Millenarian%3A+The+Revolutionizing+of+Gerrard+Winstanley&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=263-280&rft.date=1974-04%2F1974-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2708927&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2708927%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Juretic&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_%C4%8Dasopis" title="Predloga:Navedi časopis">navedi časopis</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHammerton" class="citation book cs1">Hammerton, J. A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S4h68smTPGYC&pg=PA4979">Illustrated Encyclopaedia of World History Volume Eight</a>. Mittal Publications. str. 4979. GGKEY:96Y16ZBCJ04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Illustrated+Encyclopaedia+of+World+History+Volume+Eight&rft.pages=4979&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.aulast=Hammerton&rft.aufirst=J.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS4h68smTPGYC%26pg%3DPA4979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Billington-109"><a href="#cite_ref-Billington_109-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBillington2011" class="citation book cs1">Billington, James H. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=saTynFUNPD8C">Fire in the Minds of Men: Origins of the Revolutionary Faith</a>. Transaction Publishers. str. 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-4128-1401-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-4128-1401-0"><bdi>978-1-4128-1401-0</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Fire+in+the+Minds+of+Men%3A+Origins+of+the+Revolutionary+Faith&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Transaction+Publishers&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4128-1401-0&rft.aulast=Billington&rft.aufirst=James+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsaTynFUNPD8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica-110"><a href="#cite_ref-britannica_110-0">↑</a> "Communism" (2006). Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ball_&_Dagger_20193-111">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_20193_111-0">106,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ball_&_Dagger_20193_111-1">106,1</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Ball & Dagger 20193</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerry_F._Hough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerry F. Hough (stran ne obstaja)">Hough, Jerry F.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merle_Fainsod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merle Fainsod (stran ne obstaja)">Fainsod, Merle</a> (1979) [1953]. How the Soviet Union is Governed. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press. p. 81. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780674410305" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780674410305">9780674410305</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> Dowlah, Alex F.; Elliott, John E. (1997). The Life and Times of Soviet Socialism. Praeger. p. 18. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780275956295" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780275956295">9780275956295</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_R._Marples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David R. Marples (stran ne obstaja)">Marples, David R.</a> (2010). Russia in the Twentieth Century: The Quest for Stability. Routledge. p. 38. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781408228227" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9781408228227">9781408228227</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWittfogel1960" class="citation journal cs1">Wittfogel, Karl A. (Julij 1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_world-politics_1960-07_12_4/page/487">»The Marxist View of Russian Society and Revolution«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Politics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Politics (stran ne obstaja)">World Politics</a>. Cambridge: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. 12 (4): 487–508. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2009334">10.2307/2009334</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2009334">2009334</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155515389">155515389</a>. <q>Quote at p. 493.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=World+Politics&rft.atitle=The+Marxist+View+of+Russian+Society+and+Revolution&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=487-508&rft.date=1960-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155515389%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2009334%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2009334&rft.aulast=Wittfogel&rft.aufirst=Karl+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_world-politics_1960-07_12_4%2Fpage%2F487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Edelman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Edelman (stran ne obstaja)">Edelman, Marc</a> (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA3537723&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=00270520&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E484b4f63">"Late Marx and the Russian Road: Marx and the 'Peripheries of Capitalism'"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monthly_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monthly Review (stran ne obstaja)">Monthly Review</a>. 36 (December): 1–55. Retrieved 1 August 2021 – via Gale. </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFFaulkner2017" class="citation book cs1">Faulkner, Neil (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/45628/625271.pdf">A People's History of the Russian Revolution</a> (PDF) (hardback izd.). London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluto_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluto Press (stran ne obstaja)">Pluto Press</a>. str. 34, 177. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780745399041" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780745399041"><bdi>9780745399041</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek OAPEN.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=A+People%27s+History+of+the+Russian+Revolution&rft.place=London&rft.pages=34%2C+177&rft.edition=hardback&rft.pub=Pluto+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780745399041&rft.aulast=Faulkner&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.oapen.org%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F20.500.12657%2F45628%2F625271.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2010" class="citation book cs1">White, Elizabeth (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Socialist_Alternative_to_Bolshevik_R/lA_JBQAAQBAJ">The Socialist Alternative to Bolshevik Russia: The Socialist Revolutionary Party, 1921–39</a> (1. hardback izd.). London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780415435840" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780415435840"><bdi>9780415435840</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>. <q>Narodniki had opposed the often mechanistic determinism of Russian Marxism with the belief that non-economic factors such as the human will act as the motor of history. The SRs believed that the creative work of ordinary people through unions and cooperatives and the local government organs of a democratic state could bring about social transformation. ... They, along with free soviets, the cooperatives and the mir could have formed the popular basis for a devolved and democratic rule across the Russian state.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Socialist+Alternative+to+Bolshevik+Russia%3A+The+Socialist+Revolutionary+Party%2C+1921%E2%80%9339&rft.place=London&rft.edition=1.+hardback&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780415435840&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FThe_Socialist_Alternative_to_Bolshevik_R%2FlA_JBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/glossary/orgs/n/a.htm">»Narodniks«</a>. Encyclopedia of Marxism. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Narodniks&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Marxism&rft.pub=Marxists+Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fglossary%2Forgs%2Fn%2Fa.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Hol09">Holmes 2009</a>, p. 18. </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-122">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_122-0">116,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_122-1">116,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDando1966" class="citation journal cs1">Dando, William A. (Junij 1966). »A Map of the Election to the Russian Constituent Assembly of 1917«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slavic_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slavic Review (stran ne obstaja)">Slavic Review</a>. 25 (2): 314–319. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2492782">10.2307/2492782</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifikator)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0037-6779">0037-6779</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2492782">2492782</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:156132823">156132823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Slavic+Review&rft.atitle=A+Map+of+the+Election+to+the+Russian+Constituent+Assembly+of+1917&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=314-319&rft.date=1966-06&rft.issn=0037-6779&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A156132823%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2492782%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2492782&rft.aulast=Dando&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2010" class="citation book cs1">White, Elizabeth (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tFMuCgAAQBAJ">The Socialist Alternative to Bolshevik Russia: The Socialist Revolutionary Party, 1921–39</a> (1. hardback izd.). London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780415435840" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780415435840"><bdi>9780415435840</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Socialist+Alternative+to+Bolshevik+Russia%3A+The+Socialist+Revolutionary+Party%2C+1921%E2%80%9339&rft.place=London&rft.edition=1.+hardback&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780415435840&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtFMuCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFFranks2012" class="citation journal cs1">Franks, Benjamin (Maj 2012). »Between Anarchism and Marxism: The Beginnings and Ends of the Schism«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Political_Ideologies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Political Ideologies (stran ne obstaja)">Journal of Political Ideologies</a>. 17 (2): 202–227. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13569317.2012.676867">10.1080/13569317.2012.676867</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifikator)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1356-9317">1356-9317</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145419232">145419232</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Political+Ideologies&rft.atitle=Between+Anarchism+and+Marxism%3A+The+Beginnings+and+Ends+of+the+Schism&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=202-227&rft.date=2012-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145419232%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1356-9317&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13569317.2012.676867&rft.aulast=Franks&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steele,_pp.44–452-125"><a href="#cite_ref-Steele,_pp.44–452_125-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Steele, pp.44–452</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-Chomsky_198622-126"><a href="#cite_ref-Chomsky_198622_126-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Chomsky 198622</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-State_Capitalism_in_the_Soviet_Union,_2001-127"><a href="#cite_ref-State_Capitalism_in_the_Soviet_Union,_2001_127-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHowardKing2001" class="citation journal cs1">Howard, M. C.; King, J. E. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190728140836/https://www.hetsa.org.au/pdf/34-A-08.pdf">»State Capitalism' in the Soviet Union«</a> (PDF). History of Economics Review. 34 (1): 110–126. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10370196.2001.11733360">10.1080/10370196.2001.11733360</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:42809979">42809979</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hetsa.org.au/pdf/34-A-08.pdf">prvotnega spletišča</a> (PDF) dne 28. julija 2019. Pridobljeno 28. oktobra 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=History+of+Economics+Review&rft.atitle=State+Capitalism%27+in+the+Soviet+Union&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=110-126&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10370196.2001.11733360&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A42809979%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=M.+C.&rft.au=King%2C+J.+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hetsa.org.au%2Fpdf%2F34-A-08.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fitzgibbons_200222-128"><a href="#cite_ref-Fitzgibbons_200222_128-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Fitzgibbons 200222</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-The_Soviet_Union_Has_an_Administered,_Not_a_Planned,_Economy,_1985-129"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Soviet_Union_Has_an_Administered,_Not_a_Planned,_Economy,_1985_129-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWilhelm1985" class="citation journal cs1">Wilhelm, John Howard (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_europe-asia-studies_1985-01_37_1/page/118">»The Soviet Union Has an Administered, Not a Planned, Economy«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Europe-Asia_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europe-Asia Studies (stran ne obstaja)">Soviet Studies</a>. 37 (1): 118–30. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09668138508411571">10.1080/09668138508411571</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Soviet+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Soviet+Union+Has+an+Administered%2C+Not+a+Planned%2C+Economy&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=118-30&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09668138508411571&rft.aulast=Wilhelm&rft.aufirst=John+Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_europe-asia-studies_1985-01_37_1%2Fpage%2F118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gregory_2004-130"><a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_2004_130-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGregory2004" class="citation book cs1">Gregory, Paul Roderick (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hoover.org/press-releases/political-economy-stalinism">The Political Economy of Stalinism</a>. Cambridge: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9780511615856">10.1017/CBO9780511615856</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-511-61585-6" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-511-61585-6"><bdi>978-0-511-61585-6</bdi></a>. Pridobljeno 12. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoover_Institution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoover Institution (stran ne obstaja)">Hoover Institution</a>. <q>'Although Stalin was the system's prime architect, the system was managed by thousands of 'Stalins' in a nested dictatorship,' Gregory writes. 'This study pinpoints the reasons for the failure of the system—poor planning, unreliable supplies, the preferential treatment of indigenous enterprises, the lack of knowledge of planners, etc.—but also focuses on the basic principal agent conflict between planners and producers, which created a sixty-year reform stalemate.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Political+Economy+of+Stalinism&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9780511615856&rft.isbn=978-0-511-61585-6&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Paul+Roderick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hoover.org%2Fpress-releases%2Fpolitical-economy-stalinism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ellman_2007-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Ellman_2007_131-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEllman2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Ellman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Ellman (stran ne obstaja)">Ellman, Michael</a> (2007). »The Rise and Fall of Socialist Planning«. V Estrin, Saul; Kołodko, Grzegorz W.; Uvalić, Milica (ur.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780230546974">Transition and Beyond: Essays in Honour of Mario Nuti</a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave_Macmillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave Macmillan (stran ne obstaja)">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780230546974/page/22">22</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-230-54697-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-230-54697-4"><bdi>978-0-230-54697-4</bdi></a>. <q>In the USSR in the late 1980s the system was normally referred to as the 'administrative-command' economy. What was fundamental to this system was not the plan but the role of administrative hierarchies at all levels of decision making; the absence of control over decision making by the population ... .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Socialist+Planning&rft.btitle=Transition+and+Beyond%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Mario+Nuti&rft.place=London&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-230-54697-4&rft.aulast=Ellman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780230546974&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hudis_et_al._20182-132"><a href="#cite_ref-Hudis_et_al._20182_132-0">↑</a> Napaka pri navajanju: Neveljavna oznaka <code><ref></code>; sklici, poimenovani <code>Hudis et al. 20182</code>, ne vsebujejo besedila (glej <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Napake_v_navajanju/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Pomoč:Napake v navajanju/Cite error references no text">stran pomoči</a>).</li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBockman2011" class="citation book cs1">Bockman, Johanna (2011). Markets in the name of Socialism: The Left-Wing origins of Neoliberalism. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Stanford University Press</a>. str. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8047-7566-3" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8047-7566-3"><bdi>978-0-8047-7566-3</bdi></a>. <q>According to nineteenth-century socialist views, socialism would function without capitalist economic categories – such as money, prices, interest, profits and rent – and thus would function according to laws other than those described by current economic science. While some socialists recognized the need for money and prices at least during the transition from capitalism to socialism, socialists more commonly believed that the socialist economy would soon administratively mobilize the economy in physical units without the use of prices or money.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Markets+in+the+name+of+Socialism%3A+The+Left-Wing+origins+of+Neoliberalism&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-7566-3&rft.aulast=Bockman&rft.aufirst=Johanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a> Bland, Bill (1995) [1980]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revolutionarydemocracy.org/archive/BlandRestoration.pdf">"The Restoration of Capitalism in the Soviet Union"</a>. Revolutionary Democracy Journal. Retrieved 16 February 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a> Bland, Bill (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ml-review.ca/aml/China/historymaotable.html">Class Struggles in China</a> (revised ed.). London. Retrieved 16 February 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2014" class="citation book cs1">Smith, S. A. (2014). The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. str. 126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780191667527" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780191667527"><bdi>9780191667527</bdi></a>. <q>The 1936 Constitution described the Soviet Union for the first time as a 'socialist society', rhetorically fulfilling the aim of building socialism in one country, as Stalin had promised.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+the+History+of+Communism&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780191667527&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peters_1998-137">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Peters_1998_137-0">131,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peters_1998_137-1">131,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPeters1998" class="citation journal cs1">Peters, John E. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-economic-issues_1998-12_32_4/page/1203">»Book Reviews: The Life and Times of Soviet Socialism«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Economic_Issues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Economic Issues (stran ne obstaja)">Journal of Economic Issues</a>. 32 (4): 1203–1206. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00213624.1998.11506129">10.1080/00213624.1998.11506129</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Issues&rft.atitle=Book+Reviews%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Soviet+Socialism&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1203-1206&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00213624.1998.11506129&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_journal-of-economic-issues_1998-12_32_4%2Fpage%2F1203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHimmer1994" class="citation journal cs1">Himmer, Robert (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_russian-review_1994-10_53_4/page/515">»The Transition from War Communism to the New Economic Policy: An Analysis of Stalin's Views«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Russian_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Russian Review (stran ne obstaja)">The Russian Review</a>. 53 (4): 515–529. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F130963">10.2307/130963</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/130963">130963</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+Russian+Review&rft.atitle=The+Transition+from+War+Communism+to+the+New+Economic+Policy%3A+An+Analysis+of+Stalin%27s+Views&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=515-529&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F130963&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F130963%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Himmer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_russian-review_1994-10_53_4%2Fpage%2F515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_War_II_2001-139">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-World_War_II_2001_139-0">133,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_War_II_2001_139-1">133,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDavies2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Davies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Davies (stran ne obstaja)">Davies, Norman</a> (2001). »Communism«. V Dear, I. C. B.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=M._R._D._Foot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M. R. D. Foot (stran ne obstaja)">Foot, M. R. D.</a> (ur.). The Oxford Companion to World War II. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+World+War+II&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Norman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSedov1980" class="citation book cs1">Sedov, Lev (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/sedov/works/red/index.htm">The Red Book on the Moscow Trial: Documents</a>. New York: New Park Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-86151-015-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-86151-015-1"><bdi>0-86151-015-1</bdi></a> – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Red+Book+on+the+Moscow+Trial%3A+Documents&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=New+Park+Publications&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-86151-015-1&rft.aulast=Sedov&rft.aufirst=Lev&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fhistory%2Fetol%2Fwriters%2Fsedov%2Fworks%2Fred%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gorlizki-141">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Gorlizki_141-0">135,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gorlizki_141-1">135,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGorlizki2004" class="citation book cs1">Gorlizki, Yoram (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/coldpeacestalins0000gorl">Cold peace: Stalin and the Soviet ruling circle, 1945-1953</a>. O. V. Khlevni︠u︡k. Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-534735-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-534735-7"><bdi>978-0-19-534735-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57589785">57589785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Cold+peace%3A+Stalin+and+the+Soviet+ruling+circle%2C+1945-1953&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F57589785&rft.isbn=978-0-19-534735-7&rft.aulast=Gorlizki&rft.aufirst=Yoram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcoldpeacestalins0000gorl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGaddis2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lewis_Gaddis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lewis Gaddis (stran ne obstaja)">Gaddis, John Lewis</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/coldwarnewhistor00gadd">The Cold War: A New History</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Books (stran ne obstaja)">Penguin Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Cold+War%3A+A+New+History&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Gaddis&rft.aufirst=John+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcoldwarnewhistor00gadd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMcDermott2006" class="citation book cs1">McDermott, Kevin (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stalinrevolution00mcde">Stalin: Revolutionary in an Era of War</a>. Basingstoke and New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave_Macmillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave Macmillan (stran ne obstaja)">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stalinrevolution00mcde/page/1">1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-333-71122-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-333-71122-4"><bdi>978-0-333-71122-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Stalin%3A+Revolutionary+in+an+Era+of+War&rft.place=Basingstoke+and+New+York&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-333-71122-4&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstalinrevolution00mcde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2009179–193-144"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2009179–193_144-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrown2009">Brown 2009</a>, str. ;179–193. </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGittings2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gittings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gittings (stran ne obstaja)">Gittings, John</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=259WHxBah2wC&pg=PA40">The Changing Face of China: From Mao to Market</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. str. 40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780191622373" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780191622373"><bdi>9780191622373</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Changing+Face+of+China%3A+From+Mao+to+Market&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780191622373&rft.aulast=Gittings&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D259WHxBah2wC%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFLuthi2010" class="citation book cs1">Luthi, Lorenz M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dl4TRDxqexMC&pg=PA94">The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1400837625" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1400837625"><bdi>978-1400837625</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Sino-Soviet+Split%3A+Cold+War+in+the+Communist+World&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1400837625&rft.aulast=Luthi&rft.aufirst=Lorenz+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddl4TRDxqexMC%26pg%3DPA94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2009316–332-147"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2009316–332_147-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrown2009">Brown 2009</a>, str. ;316–332. </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPerkins1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dwight_H._Perkins_(economist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dwight H. Perkins (economist) (stran ne obstaja)">Perkins, Dwight Heald</a> (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cVywAAAAIAAJ">China's economic policy and performance during the Cultural Revolution and its aftermath</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard_Institute_for_International_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard Institute for International Development (stran ne obstaja)">Harvard Institute for International Development</a>. str. 12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=China%27s+economic+policy+and+performance+during+the+Cultural+Revolution+and+its+aftermath&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Harvard+Institute+for+International+Development&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=Dwight+Heald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcVywAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFVogel2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ezra_Vogel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ezra Vogel (stran ne obstaja)">Vogel, Ezra F.</a> (2011). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deng_Xiaoping_and_the_Transformation_of_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China (stran ne obstaja)">Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Harvard University Press</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3IaR-FxlA6AC&pg=PA40">40</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3IaR-FxlA6AC&pg=PA42">42</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Deng+Xiaoping+and+the+Transformation+of+China&rft.pages=40-42&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Ezra+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2009-150"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2009_150-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrown2009">Brown 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2018" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ian_Johnson_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ian Johnson (writer) (stran ne obstaja)">Johnson, Ian</a> (5. februar 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2018/02/05/who-killed-more-hitler-stalin-or-mao/">»Who Killed More: Hitler, Stalin, or Mao?«</a>. The New York Review of Books. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205193203/https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2018/02/05/who-killed-more-hitler-stalin-or-mao/">Arhivirano</a> iz spletišča dne 5. februarja 2018. Pridobljeno 18. julija 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Who+Killed+More%3A+Hitler%2C+Stalin%2C+or+Mao%3F&rft.date=2018-02-05&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Fdaily%2F2018%2F02%2F05%2Fwho-killed-more-hitler-stalin-or-mao%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-152"><a href="#cite_ref-:6_152-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFFenby2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Fenby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Fenby (stran ne obstaja)">Fenby, Jonathan</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernchinafallr00fenb/page/351/mode/2up">Modern China: The Fall and Rise of a Great Power, 1850 to the Present</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Group (stran ne obstaja)">Penguin Group</a>. str. 351. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0061661167" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0061661167"><bdi>978-0061661167</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Modern+China%3A+The+Fall+and+Rise+of+a+Great+Power%2C+1850+to+the+Present&rft.pages=351&rft.pub=Penguin+Group&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0061661167&rft.aulast=Fenby&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmodernchinafallr00fenb%2Fpage%2F351%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSchram2007" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stuart_R._Schram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stuart R. Schram (stran ne obstaja)">Schram, Stuart</a> (Marec 2007). »Mao: The Unknown Story«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_China_Quarterly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The China Quarterly (stran ne obstaja)">The China Quarterly</a> (189): 205. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs030574100600107x">10.1017/s030574100600107x</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154814055">154814055</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Mao%3A+The+Unknown+Story&rft.issue=189&rft.pages=205&rft.date=2007-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs030574100600107x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154814055%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Schram&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFEvangelista2005" class="citation book cs1">Evangelista, Matthew A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9IAfLDzySd4C&q=80+million">Peace Studies: Critical Concepts in Political Science</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taylor_%26_Francis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taylor & Francis (stran ne obstaja)">Taylor & Francis</a>. str. 96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0415339230" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0415339230"><bdi>978-0415339230</bdi></a> – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Peace+Studies%3A+Critical+Concepts+in+Political+Science&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0415339230&rft.aulast=Evangelista&rft.aufirst=Matthew+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9IAfLDzySd4C%26q%3D80%2Bmillion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bottelier-155"><a href="#cite_ref-Bottelier_155-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBottelier2018" class="citation book cs1">Bottelier, Pieter (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YMhUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA131">Economic Policy Making In China (1949–2016): The Role of Economists</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. str. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1351393812" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1351393812"><bdi>978-1351393812</bdi></a> – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>. <q>We should remember, however, that Mao also did wonderful things for China; apart from reuniting the country, he restored a sense of natural pride, greatly improved women's rights, basic healthcare and primary education, ended opium abuse, simplified Chinese characters, developed pinyin and promoted its use for teaching purposes.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Economic+Policy+Making+In+China+%281949%E2%80%932016%29%3A+The+Role+of+Economists&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1351393812&rft.aulast=Bottelier&rft.aufirst=Pieter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYMhUDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPantsovLevine2013" class="citation book cs1">Pantsov, Alexander V.; Levine, Steven I. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/maorealstory0000pant">Mao: The Real Story</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_%26_Schuster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon & Schuster (stran ne obstaja)">Simon & Schuster</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/maorealstory0000pant/page/574">574</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1451654486" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1451654486"><bdi>978-1451654486</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Mao%3A+The+Real+Story&rft.pages=574&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1451654486&rft.aulast=Pantsov&rft.aufirst=Alexander+V.&rft.au=Levine%2C+Steven+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmaorealstory0000pant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Galtung-157"><a href="#cite_ref-Galtung_157-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGaltungStenslie2014" class="citation book cs1">Galtung, Marte Kjær; Stenslie, Stig (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qqqDBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA189">49 Myths about China</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rowman_%26_Littlefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rowman & Littlefield (stran ne obstaja)">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. str. 189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1442236226" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1442236226"><bdi>978-1442236226</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=49+Myths+about+China&rft.pages=189&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1442236226&rft.aulast=Galtung&rft.aufirst=Marte+Kj%C3%A6r&rft.au=Stenslie%2C+Stig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqqqDBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopulationStudies2015-158"><a href="#cite_ref-PopulationStudies2015_158-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBabiarzEggleston2015" class="citation journal cs1">Babiarz, Kimberly Singer; Eggleston, Karen; in sod. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4331212">»An exploration of China's mortality decline under Mao: A provincial analysis, 1950–80«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Population_Studies_(journal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Population Studies (journal) (stran ne obstaja)">Population Studies</a>. 69 (1): 39–56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00324728.2014.972432">10.1080/00324728.2014.972432</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifikator)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4331212">4331212</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifikator)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25495509">25495509</a>. <q>China's growth in life expectancy at birth from 35–40 years in 1949 to 65.5 years in 1980 is among the most rapid sustained increases in documented global history.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Population+Studies&rft.atitle=An+exploration+of+China%27s+mortality+decline+under+Mao%3A+A+provincial+analysis%2C+1950%E2%80%9380&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=39-56&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4331212%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25495509&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00324728.2014.972432&rft.aulast=Babiarz&rft.aufirst=Kimberly+Singer&rft.au=Eggleston%2C+Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4331212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFIvančič,_Miloš.2018" class="citation book cs1">Ivančič, Miloš. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1051726299">Fašizem za butalce</a>. Koper: Združenje protifašistov, borcev za vrednote NOB in veteranov. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-961-6681-58-2" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-961-6681-58-2"><bdi>978-961-6681-58-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1051726299">1051726299</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Fa%C5%A1izem+za+butalce&rft.place=Koper&rft.pub=Zdru%C5%BEenje+protifa%C5%A1istov%2C+borcev+za+vrednote+NOB+in+veteranov&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1051726299&rft.isbn=978-961-6681-58-2&rft.au=Ivan%C4%8Di%C4%8D%2C+Milo%C5%A1.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1051726299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jugoslavija_in_religija-160">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Jugoslavija_in_religija_160-0">154,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jugoslavija_in_religija_160-1">154,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424102013/http://atheism.about.com/library/world/KZ/bl_YugoReligionDemography.htm">»Jugoslavija in religija«</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atheism.about.com/library/world/KZ/bl_YugoReligionDemography.htm">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 24. aprila 2013. Pridobljeno 15. septembra 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=neznano&rft.btitle=Jugoslavija+in+religija&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatheism.about.com%2Flibrary%2Fworld%2FKZ%2Fbl_YugoReligionDemography.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodoxphotos.com/readings/law/christianity.shtml">Krščanstvo in komunizem</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFLenin1965" class="citation book cs1">Lenin, V.I. (1965) [1905]. »Socialism and Religion«. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1905/dec/03.htm">Lenin Collected Works</a>. Zv. 10. Moscow: Progress Publishers. str. 83–87 – prek www.marxists.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Socialism+and+Religion&rft.btitle=Lenin+Collected+Works&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=83-87&rft.pub=Progress+Publishers&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Lenin&rft.aufirst=V.I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Flenin%2Fworks%2F1905%2Fdec%2F03.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Constitution_of_Albania-163"><a href="#cite_ref-Constitution_of_Albania_163-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100307100131/http://www.km.gov.al/skedaret/1231927768-Constitution%20of%20the%20Republic%20of%20Albania.pdf">»Constitution of Albania«</a> (PDF). Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.km.gov.al/skedaret/1231927768-Constitution%20of%20the%20Republic%20of%20Albania.pdf">prvotnega spletišča</a> (PDF) dne 7. marca 2010. Pridobljeno 29. decembra 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=neznano&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+Albania&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.km.gov.al%2Fskedaret%2F1231927768-Constitution%2520of%2520the%2520Republic%2520of%2520Albania.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424102013/http://atheism.about.com/library/world/KZ/bl_YugoReligionDemography.htm">»Jugoslavija in verske skupnosti«</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atheism.about.com/library/world/KZ/bl_YugoReligionDemography.htm">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 24. aprila 2013. Pridobljeno 15. septembra 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=neznano&rft.btitle=Jugoslavija+in+verske+skupnosti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatheism.about.com%2Flibrary%2Fworld%2FKZ%2Fbl_YugoReligionDemography.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2009-0213+0+DOC+XML+V0//SL">Resolucija parlamenta EU: Evropska zavest in totalitarizem, 2. april 2009</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dolenjskilist.si/2009/08/24/18085/novice/obcine/Granda_Totalitarizem_je_tudi_komunizem/">Dolenjski List</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.druzina.si/icd/spletnastran.nsf/all/2FF5B3BE45377726C125761E0043D6E8?OpenDocument">Družina: Komunizem še čaka na obsodbo</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnevnik.si/objektiv/intervjuji/1042468288">Dr. Jože Pirjevec: Tito se je kesal zaradi Golega otoka, na katerem so končali "tovariši", Intervju, Dnevnik, 27.08.2011</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/Article/1057260.html">EU: Predlog enačitve simbolov</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opombe">Opombe</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Uredi razdelek: Opombe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=19" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Opombe">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> Na splošno velja, da je komunizem ena izmed bolj radikalnih ideologij politične levice.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Za razliko od skrajno desne politike, za katero med poznavalci obstaja splošno soglasje o tem, kaj pomeni in kam jo uvrščati (npr. različne študije v akademskih priročnikih), je skrajno levo politiko težko opredeliti, zlasti glede tega, kje na političnem spektru se nahaja, razen splošnega soglasja, da je levo od standardne politične levice, in ker številna njena stališča niso skrajna<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> ali ker se "skrajno levo" in trdo levo obravnavata kot pejorativa, ki pomenita, da sta marginalna.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> V zvezi s komunizmom ter komunističnimi strankami in gibanji nekateri raziskovalci skrajno levico zožujejo na njihovo levico, drugi pa jo vključujejo tako, da jo razširjajo na levico glavnih socialističnih, socialdemokratskih in laburističnih strank.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Na splošno se strinjajo, da znotraj skrajno leve politike obstajajo različne podskupine, kot sta radikalna levica in skrajna levica.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-NKorea-38"><a href="#cite_ref-NKorea_38-0">↑</a> While it refers to its leading ideology as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juche (stran ne obstaja)">Juche</a>, which is portrayed as a development of Marxism–Leninism, the status of North Korea remains disputed. Marxism–Leninism was superseded by Juche in the 1970s and was made official in 1992 and 2009, when constitutional references to Marxism–Leninism were dropped and replaced with Juche.<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a> In 2009, the constitution was quietly amended so that it removed all Marxist–Leninist references present in the first draft, and also dropped all references to communism.<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> Juche has been described by Michael Seth as a version of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_ultranationalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korean ultranationalism (stran ne obstaja)">Korean ultranationalism</a>,<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a> which eventually developed after losing its original Marxist–Leninist elements.<a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a> According to North Korea: A Country Study by Robert L. Worden, Marxism–Leninism was abandoned immediately after the start of <a href="/w/index.php?title=De-Stalinization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De-Stalinization (stran ne obstaja)">de-Stalinization</a> in the Soviet Union and has been totally replaced by Juche since at least 1974.<a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> Daniel Schwekendiek wrote that what made North Korean Marxism–Leninism distinct from that of China and the Soviet Union was that it incorporated national feelings and macro-historical elements in the socialist ideology, opting for its "own style of socialism". The major Korean elements are the emphasis on traditional <a href="/w/index.php?title=Confucianism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confucianism (stran ne obstaja)">Confucianism</a> and the memory of the traumatic experience of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korea_under_Japanese_rule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korea under Japanese rule (stran ne obstaja)">Korea under Japanese rule</a>, as well as a focus on autobiographical features of <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a> as a guerrilla hero.<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> Zgodnejše oblike komunizma (<a href="/wiki/Utopi%C4%8Dni_socializem" title="Utopični socializem">utopični socializem</a> in nekatere prejšnje oblike <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verski_komunizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verski komunizem (stran ne obstaja)">verskega komunizma</a>) so podpirale brezrazredno družbo in skupno lastništvo, vendar niso nujno zagovarjale revolucionarne politike ali znanstvene analize; to je storil marksistični komunizem, ki je opredelil glavni tok sodobnega komunizma in vplival na vse sodobne oblike komunizma. Takšni komunizmi, zlasti nove verske ali utopične oblike komunizma, lahko delijo marksistično analizo, hkrati pa dajejo prednost evolucijski politiki, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lokalizem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lokalizem (stran ne obstaja)">lokalizmu</a> ali <a href="/wiki/Reformizem" title="Reformizem">reformizmu</a>. V 20. stoletju je bil komunizem pogosto povezan z <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucionarni_socializem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolucionarni socializem (stran ne obstaja)">revolucionarnim socializmom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman2005Morgan2015-23">[22]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> Večina raziskovalcev piše o posameznih dogodkih in ocenjuje število smrtnih žrtev kot pri vsakem drugem zgodovinskem dogodku; nekateri dogodki so razvrščeni glede na določeno obdobje komunistične države, kot je stalinistična represija,<a href="#cite_note-Wheatcroft_2000-43">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[41]</a> namesto da bi bili povezani z vsemi komunističnimi državami, ki so do leta 1985 zajele tretjino svetovnega prebivalstva.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELansford200724–25-45">[42]</a> Zgodovinarji, kot sta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Conquest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Conquest (stran ne obstaja)">Robert Conquest</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Arch_Getty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Arch Getty (stran ne obstaja)">J. Arch Getty</a>, so pisali in se osredotočali predvsem na obdobje Stalina; pisali so o ljudeh, ki so umrli v gulagih ali zaradi stalinistične represije, in obravnavali ocene o teh posebnih dogodkih kot del razprave o presežni umrljivosti v Sovjetski zvezi Josipa Stalina, ne da bi jih povezali s komunizmom kot celoto. Razprave so bile živahne, tudi o vprašanju genocida v holodomoru,<a href="#cite_note-Getty_7–8-46">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[44]</a> vendar so razpad Sovjetske zveze, padec komunizma in objava državnih arhivov razpravo nekoliko umirili.<a href="#cite_note-Davies_&_Harris_2005,_pp._3–5-48">[45]</a> Nekateri zgodovinarji, med njimi Michael Ellman, so podvomili o "sami kategoriji 'žrtve stalinizma'" kot "zadevi politične presoje", saj množične smrti zaradi lakote niso "izključno stalinistično zlo" in so bile v 19. in 20. stoletju razširjene po vsem svetu.<a href="#cite_note-49">[46]</a> Obstaja zelo malo literature, ki bi primerjala presežne smrtne žrtve pod "velikim trojčkom": Stalinovo Sovjetsko zvezo, Mao Cetungovo Kitajsko in Pol Potovo Kambodžo, in tista, ki obstaja, v glavnem našteva dogodke, ne pojasnjuje pa njihovih ideoloških razlogov. Tak primer je knjiga Crimes Against Humanity Under Communist Regimes - Research Review Klas-Görana Karlssona in Michaela Schoenhalsa, pregledna študija, ki povzema, kaj so o tem povedali drugi, in omenja nekatere avtorje, ki so izvor pobojev videli v spisih Karla Marxa; geografski obseg je "veliki trojček", avtorja pa trdita, da so bili poboji izvedeni kot del neuravnotežene modernizacijske politike hitre industrializacije, in se sprašujeta, "kaj je zaznamovalo začetek neuravnoteženega ruskega procesa modernizacije, ki je imel tako strašne posledice?"<a href="#cite_note-Karllson_&_Schoenhals_2008-50">[47]</a> Pomembni znanstveni izjemi sta zgodovinar Stéphane Courtois in politolog Rudolph Rummel, ki sta poskušala povezati vse komunistične države; vendar je Rummelova analiza potekala v okviru njegovega predlaganega koncepta democida, ki vključuje vse neposredne in posredne smrti zaradi vladanja, in se ni omejil na komunistične države, ki jih je uvrstil v okvir totalitarizma skupaj z drugimi tipi režimov. Rummelove ocene so na skrajnem robu spektra, bile so kritizirane in natančno preučene, večina znanstvenikov pa jih zavrača. Courtoisovi poskusi, kot v uvodu v Črno knjigo komunizma, ki so jih nekateri kritični opazovalci označili za grobo protikomunistično in antisemitsko delo, so sporni; številni recenzenti knjige, med njimi tudi znanstveniki, so kritizirali takšne poskuse metanja vseh komunističnih držav in različnih socioloških gibanj v isti koš v okviru več kot 94 milijonov komunističnih žrtev.<a href="#cite_note-Harff_1996-51">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hiroaki_2001-52">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Paczkowski_2001-53">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Weiner_2002-54">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dulić_2004-55">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harff_2017-56">[53]</a> Recenzenti so tudi ločili uvod od knjige, ki je bila bolje sprejeta in je vsebovala le nekaj poglavij o študijah posameznih držav, brez medkulturnih primerjav ali razprav o množičnih pobojih; zgodovinar Andrzej Paczkowski je zapisal, da je le Courtois primerjal komunizem in nacizem, medtem ko so drugi deli knjige "v bistvu ozko usmerjene monografije, ki si ne domišljajo, da ponujajo splošne razlage", in navedel, da knjiga ni "o komunizmu kot ideologiji ali celo o komunizmu kot državotvornem pojavu. "<a href="#cite_note-Paczkowski_2001,_pp._32–33-57">[54]</a> Pozitivnejše kritike so bile večinoma pravične ali upravičene, politolog Stanley Hoffmann je dejal, da bi bil "Courtois veliko bolj učinkovit, če bi pokazal več zadržanosti",<a href="#cite_note-58">[55]</a> Paczkowski pa, da je imela knjiga dva pozitivna učinka, med drugim je spodbudila razpravo o izvajanju totalitarnih ideologij in je "izčrpna bilanca o enem vidiku svetovnega pojava komunizma".<a href="#cite_note-Paczkowski_2001-53">[50]</a> Primer sovjetskih in komunističnih študij je knjiga Stevena Rosefielda Rdeči holokavst, ki je sporna zaradi trivializacije holokavsta; kljub temu se je Rosefielde v svojem delu osredotočil predvsem na "velike tri" (Stalinovo obdobje, Maovo obdobje in vladavino Rdečih Kmerov v Kambodži) ter Kim Il-sungovo Severno Korejo in Ho Ši Minov Vietnam. Rosefieldeova glavna poanta je, da je komunizem na splošno, čeprav se osredotoča predvsem na stalinizem, manj genociden, kar je ključna razlika od nacizma, ni pa povezal vseh komunističnih držav ali komunizma kot ideologije. Rosefielde je zapisal, da so "pogoji za rdeči holokavst izhajali iz Stalinovih, Kimovih, Maovih, Hojevih in Pol Potovih s terorjem posipanih gospodarskih sistemov, in ne iz Marxove utopične vizije ali drugih pragmatičnih komunističnih tranzicijskih mehanizmov. Teror je bil med drugim izbran zaradi upravičenih strahov o dolgoročni sposobnosti preživetja vodstva brez terorja in ideoloških tveganj tržnega komunizma. "<a href="#cite_note-Rosefielde_2010-59">[56]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> Nekateri avtorji, kot je <a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C3%A9phane_Courtois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stéphane Courtois (stran ne obstaja)">Stéphane Courtois</a> v <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Crna_knjiga_komunizma" title="Črna knjiga komunizma">Črni knjigi komunizma</a>, so trdili, da je komunizem ubil več ljudi kot nacizem in je bil zato hujši; več strokovnjakov je ta pogled kritiziralo.<a href="#cite_note-61">[57]</a> Po dvajsetih letih zgodovinskih raziskav v vzhodnoevropskih arhivih so se potrdile nižje ocene "revizionistične šole" zgodovinarjev,<a href="#cite_note-62">[58]</a> čeprav popularni tisk še vedno uporablja višje ocene z resnimi napakami.<a href="#cite_note-Wheatcroft_1999-63">[59]</a> Zgodovinarji, kot je Timothy D. Snyder, trdijo, da je samoumevno, da je Stalin ubil več civilistov kot Hitler; večina znanstvenikov meni, da je bila presežna smrtnost pod Stalinom približno 6 milijonov, kar se poveča na 9 milijonov, če upoštevamo ocenjene smrti, ki so bile posledica politike. Ta ocena je manjša od števila ubitih s strani nacistov, ki so ubili več civilistov kot Sovjeti.<a href="#cite_note-Snyder-64">[60]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> Medtem ko so se boljševiki opirali na upanje na uspeh vala proletarskih revolucij 1917–1923 v Zahodni Evropi, preden so se po njihovem neuspehu osredotočili na politiko socializma v eni državi, Marxovega pogleda na zrcalo niso delili samooklicani ruski marksisti, ki so bili mehanični deterministi, temveč Narodnjaki<a href="#cite_note-117">[112]</a> in Socialistična revolucionarna stranka,<a href="#cite_note-118">[113]</a> ena od naslednic Narodnjakov, poleg ljudskih socialistov in Trudovikov.<a href="#cite_note-119">[114]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citati">Citati</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Uredi razdelek: Citati" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=20" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Citati">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografija">Bibliografija</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Uredi razdelek: Bibliografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=21" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Bibliografija">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5453066">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dl,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ol,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <div style="column-width: 30em; -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein1895" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein, Eduard</a> (1895). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/bernstein/works/1895/cromwell">Kommunistische und demokratisch-sozialistische Strömungen während der englischen Revolution</a> [Cromwell and Communism: Socialism and Democracy in the Great English Revolution] (v nemščini). J. H. W. Dietz. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36367345">36367345</a>. Pridobljeno 1. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Kommunistische+und+demokratisch-sozialistische+Str%C3%B6mungen+w%C3%A4hrend+der+englischen+Revolution&rft.pub=J.+H.+W.+Dietz&rft.date=1895&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36367345&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Eduard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Freference%2Farchive%2Fbernstein%2Fworks%2F1895%2Fcromwell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBevins2020b" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vincent_Bevins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vincent Bevins (stran ne obstaja)">Bevins, Vincent</a> (2020b). <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Jakarta_Method&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Jakarta Method (stran ne obstaja)">The Jakarta Method: Washington's Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program that Shaped Our World</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PublicAffairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PublicAffairs (stran ne obstaja)">PublicAffairs</a>. str. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1541742406" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1541742406"><bdi>978-1541742406</bdi></a>. <q>... we do not live in a world directly constructed by Stalin's purges or mass starvation under Pol Pot. Those states are gone. Even Mao's Great Leap Forward was quickly abandoned and rejected by the Chinese Communist Party, though the party is still very much around. We do, however, live in a world built partly by US-backed Cold War violence. ... Washington's anticommunist crusade, with Indonesia as the apex of its murderous violence against civilians, deeply shaped the world we live in now ... .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Jakarta+Method%3A+Washington%27s+Anticommunist+Crusade+and+the+Mass+Murder+Program+that+Shaped+Our+World&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=PublicAffairs&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1541742406&rft.aulast=Bevins&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFBradley2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Bradley, Mark Philip (2017). »Human Rights and Communism«. V Fürst, Juliane; Pons, Silvio; Selden, Mark (ur.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eBs0DwAAQBAJ">The Cambridge History of Communism</a>. Zv. 3: Endgames? 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Wright Mills, the Left, and American Social Thought</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_California_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of California Press (stran ne obstaja)">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780520943445" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780520943445"><bdi>9780520943445</bdi></a> – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Books (stran ne obstaja)">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Radical+Ambition%3A+C.+Wright+Mills%2C+the+Left%2C+and+American+Social+Thought&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780520943445&rft.aulast=Geary&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ4yNnGJLHU8C%26q%3Dc%2Bwright%2Bmills%2B%2522university%2Bof%2Bmaryland%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFGeorgeWilcox1996" class="citation book cs1">George, John; Wilcox, Laird (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanextremis0000geor">American Extremists: Militias, Supremacists, Klansmen, Communists, and Others</a>. 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New York: PublicAffairs. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-58648-769-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-58648-769-0"><bdi>978-1-58648-769-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifikator)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/316035698">316035698</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Worse+than+war%3A+genocide%2C+eliminationism%2C+and+the+ongoing+assault+on+humanity&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=PublicAffairs&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F316035698&rft.isbn=978-1-58648-769-0&rft.aulast=Goldhagen&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Jonah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworsethanwargeno00gold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFHarff1996" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Harff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Harff (stran ne obstaja)">Harff, Barbara</a> (Summer 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-interdisciplinary-history_summer-1996_27_1/page/117">»Review of Death by Government by R. 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Pridobljeno 12. marca 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=neznano&rft.jtitle=OUPblog&rft.atitle=Trends+in+European+Life+Expectancy%3A+a+Salutary+View&rft.date=2013-04-23&rft.aulast=Leon&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.oup.com%2F2011%2F04%2Flife-expectancy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFLink2004" class="citation book cs1">Link, Theodore (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communismprimary0000link">Communism: A Primary Source Analysis</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosen_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosen Publishing (stran ne obstaja)">Rosen Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8239-4517-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-8239-4517-7"><bdi>978-0-8239-4517-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Communism%3A+A+Primary+Source+Analysis&rft.pub=Rosen+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-4517-7&rft.aulast=Link&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommunismprimary0000link&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMackenbach2012" class="citation journal cs1">Mackenbach, Johan (december 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234823288">»Political conditions and life expectancy in Europe, 1900–2008«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Science_and_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Science and Medicine (stran ne obstaja)">Social Science and Medicine</a>. 82: 134–146. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2012.12.022">10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.12.022</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifikator)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23337831">23337831</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Political+conditions+and+life+expectancy+in+Europe%2C+1900%E2%80%932008&rft.volume=82&rft.pages=134-146&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2012.12.022&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23337831&rft.aulast=Mackenbach&rft.aufirst=Johan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F234823288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_%C4%8Dasopis" title="Predloga:Navedi časopis">navedi časopis</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2001" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Morgan, W. 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Pridobljeno 25. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_Direct&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Science Direct (stran ne obstaja)">Science Direct</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%3A+The+Ideology+of+Twentieth-Century+Communism&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+the+Social+%26+Behavioral+Sciences&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780080430768&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=W.+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Freferencework%2F9780080430768%2Finternational-encyclopedia-of-the-social-and-behavioral-sciences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Morgan, W. 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Pridobljeno 25. avgusta 2021 – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_Direct&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Science Direct (stran ne obstaja)">Science Direct</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%3A+The+Ideology+of+Twentieth-Century+Communism&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+the+Social+%26+Behavioral+Sciences&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780080970875&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=W.+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Freferencework%2F9780080970875%2Finternational-encyclopedia-of-the-social-and-behavioral-sciences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFNewman2005" class="citation book cs1">Newman, Michael (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/socialismverysho0000newm">Socialism: A Very Short Introduction</a> (paperback izd.). 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Zv. 25, št. 2. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Woodrow_Wilson_International_Center_for_Scholars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (stran ne obstaja)">Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</a>. str. 28–34. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40260182">40260182</a>. Pridobljeno 31. avgusta 2021 – prek Wilson Quarterly Archives.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+Wilson+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Storm+over+The+Black+Book&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=28-34&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40260182%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Paczkowski&rft.aufirst=Andrzej&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.wilsonquarterly.com%2Fessays%2Fstorm-over-black-book&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPatenaude2017" class="citation book cs1">Patenaude, Bertrand M. (2017). »7 - Trotsky and Trotskyism«. V <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvio_Pons" class="extiw" title="it:Silvio Pons">Pons, Silvio</a> [v italijanščina]; Quinn-Smith, Stephen A. (ur.). The Cambridge History of Communism. 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Well aware of this, the Soviet Communists never claimed to have achieved communism, always labeling their own system socialist rather than communist and viewing their system as in transition to communism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Comparative+Economics+in+a+Transforming+World+Economy&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2003-07-23&rft.isbn=978-0262182348&rft.aulast=Rosser&rft.aufirst=Mariana+V.&rft.au=Barkley%2C+J.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFRummel1993" class="citation cs2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolph_Rummel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolph Rummel (stran ne obstaja)">Rummel, Rudolph Joseph</a> (november 1993), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180827103150/https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/COM.ART.HTM">How Many did Communist Regimes Murder?</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Hawaii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Hawaii (stran ne obstaja)">University of Hawaii</a> Political Science Department, arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/COM.ART.HTM#*">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 27. avgusta 2018, pridobljeno 15. septembra 2018</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=How+Many+did+Communist+Regimes+Murder%3F&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Political+Science+Department&rft.date=1993-11&rft.aulast=Rummel&rft.aufirst=Rudolph+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaii.edu%2Fpowerkills%2FCOM.ART.HTM%23%2A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Predloga:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSafaei2011" class="citation journal cs1">Safaei, Jalil (31. avgust 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1155%2F2012%2F137412">»Post-Communist Health Transitions in Central and Eastern Europe«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economics_Research_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economics Research International (stran ne obstaja)">Economics Research International</a>. 2012: 1–10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1155%2F2012%2F137412">10.1155/2012/137412</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Economics+Research+International&rft.atitle=Post-Communist+Health+Transitions+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe&rft.volume=2012&rft.pages=1-10&rft.date=2011-08-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1155%2F2012%2F137412&rft.aulast=Safaei&rft.aufirst=Jalil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1155%252F2012%252F137412&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">»Ci–Cz«. The World Book Encyclopedia. Zv. 4. Scott Fetzer Company. 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-7166-0108-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-7166-0108-1"><bdi>978-0-7166-0108-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Ci%E2%80%93Cz&rft.btitle=The+World+Book+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Scott+Fetzer+Company&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7166-0108-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSteele1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Ramsay_Steele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Ramsay Steele (stran ne obstaja)">Steele, David</a> (1992). From Marx to Mises: Post-Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Court_Publishing_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open Court Publishing Company (stran ne obstaja)">Open Court Publishing Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-87548-449-5" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-87548-449-5"><bdi>978-0-87548-449-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=From+Marx+to+Mises%3A+Post-Capitalist+Society+and+the+Challenge+of+Economic+Calculation&rft.pub=Open+Court+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-87548-449-5&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWeiner2002" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_Weiner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir Weiner (stran ne obstaja)">Weiner, Amir</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-interdisciplinary-history_winter-2002_32_3/page/450">»Review. Reviewed Work: The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression by Stéphane Courtois, Nicolas Werth, Jean-Louis Panné, Andrzej Paczkowski, Karel Bartošek, Jean-Louis Margolin, Jonathan Murphy, Mark Kramer«</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Interdisciplinary_History&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Interdisciplinary History (stran ne obstaja)">Journal of Interdisciplinary History</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=MIT_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MIT Press (stran ne obstaja)">MIT Press</a>. 32 (3): 450–452. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2F002219502753364263">10.1162/002219502753364263</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifikator)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3656222">3656222</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifikator)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142217169">142217169</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Interdisciplinary+History&rft.atitle=Review.+Reviewed+Work%3A+The+Black+Book+of+Communism%3A+Crimes%2C+Terror%2C+Repression+by+St%C3%A9phane+Courtois%2C+Nicolas+Werth%2C+Jean-Louis+Pann%C3%A9%2C+Andrzej+Paczkowski%2C+Karel+Barto%C5%A1ek%2C+Jean-Louis+Margolin%2C+Jonathan+Murphy%2C+Mark+Kramer&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=450-452&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142217169%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3656222%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2F002219502753364263&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_journal-of-interdisciplinary-history_winter-2002_32_3%2Fpage%2F450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWilczynski2008" class="citation book cs1">Wilczynski, J. (2008). The Economics of Socialism after World War Two: 1945–1990. Aldine Transaction. str. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0202362281" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0202362281"><bdi>978-0202362281</bdi></a>. <q>Contrary to Western usage, these countries describe themselves as 'Socialist' (not 'Communist'). The second stage (Marx's 'higher phase'), or 'Communism' is to be marked by an age of plenty, distribution according to needs (not work), the absence of money and the market mechanism, the disappearance of the last vestiges of capitalism and the ultimate 'withering away' of the State.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Economics+of+Socialism+after+World+War+Two%3A+1945%E2%80%931990&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Aldine+Transaction&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0202362281&rft.aulast=Wilczynski&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Williams (stran ne obstaja)">Williams, Raymond</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich/page/289">»Socialism«</a>. Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society (revised izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keywordsvocabula00willrich/page/289">289</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-520469-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19-520469-8"><bdi>978-0-19-520469-8</bdi></a>. <q>The decisive distinction between socialist and communist, as in one sense these terms are now ordinarily used, came with the renaming, in 1918, of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks) as the All-Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). From that time on, a distinction of socialist from communist, often with supporting definitions such as social democrat or democratic socialist, became widely current, although it is significant that all communist parties, in line with earlier usage, continued to describe themselves as socialist and dedicated to socialism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Socialism&rft.btitle=Keywords%3A+A+Vocabulary+of+Culture+and+Society&rft.pages=289&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-19-520469-8&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkeywordsvocabula00willrich%2Fpage%2F289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWright1960" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/C._Wright_Mills" class="mw-redirect" title="C. Wright Mills">Wright, C. Wright</a> (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/subject/humanism/mills-c-wright/letter-new-left.htm">Letter to the New Left</a> – prek <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Letter+to+the+New+Left&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=C.+Wright&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fsubject%2Fhumanism%2Fmills-c-wright%2Fletter-new-left.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWormack2001" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brantly_Womack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brantly Womack (stran ne obstaja)">Wormack, Brantly</a> (2001). »Maoism«. V Baltes, Paul B.; Smelser, Neil J. (ur.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Encyclopedia_of_the_Social_%26_Behavioral_Sciences&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (stran ne obstaja)">International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences</a>. Zv. 20 (1st izd.). <a href="/wiki/Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a>. str. 9191–9193. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifikator)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB0-08-043076-7%2F01173-6">10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01173-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780080430768" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/9780080430768"><bdi>9780080430768</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Maoism&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+the+Social+%26+Behavioral+Sciences&rft.pages=9191-9193&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB0-08-043076-7%2F01173-6&rft.isbn=9780080430768&rft.aulast=Wormack&rft.aufirst=Brantly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nadaljnje_branje">Nadaljnje branje</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Uredi razdelek: Nadaljnje branje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=22" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Nadaljnje branje">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5911185">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5911190">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto;text-align:left;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Knjižni viri</a> o Komunizem <hr /></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Komunizem&library=OLBP">Spletne knjige</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Komunizem">Viri v vaši knjižnici</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Komunizem&library=0CHOOSE0">Viri v drugih knjižnicah</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFAdamiMarrone2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Adami, Stefano; Marrone, G., ur. 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Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies (1st izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-57958-390-3" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-57958-390-3"><bdi>978-1-57958-390-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Italian+Literary+Studies&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-57958-390-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDaniels1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Vincent_Daniels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Vincent Daniels (stran ne obstaja)">Daniels, Robert Vincent</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/documentaryhisto0000unse_r2e7">A Documentary History of Communism and the World: From Revolution to Collapse</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_Press_of_New_England&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University Press of New England (stran ne obstaja)">University Press of New England</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-87451-678-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-87451-678-4"><bdi>978-0-87451-678-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=A+Documentary+History+of+Communism+and+the+World%3A+From+Revolution+to+Collapse&rft.pub=University+Press+of+New+England&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-87451-678-4&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Robert+Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdocumentaryhisto0000unse_r2e7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDaniels2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Vincent_Daniels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Vincent Daniels (stran ne obstaja)">Daniels, Robert Vincent</a> (2007). 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Prevod: Davidson, Scott. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomsbury_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomsbury Publishing (stran ne obstaja)">Bloomsbury</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-472-52431-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-472-52431-7"><bdi>978-1-472-52431-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=From+Communism+to+Capitalism&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-472-52431-7&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomsbury.com%2Fuk%2Ffrom-communism-to-capitalism-9781472524317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFLaybournMurphy1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keith_Laybourn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith Laybourn (stran ne obstaja)">Laybourn, Keith</a>; Murphy, Dylan (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/underredflag00keit">Under the Red Flag: A History of Communism in Britain</a> (illustrated, hardcover izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sutton_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sutton Publishing (stran ne obstaja)">Sutton Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-75091-485-7" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-75091-485-7"><bdi>978-0-75091-485-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Under+the+Red+Flag%3A+A+History+of+Communism+in+Britain&rft.edition=illustrated%2C+hardcover&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-75091-485-7&rft.aulast=Laybourn&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Dylan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funderredflag00keit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFLovell2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julia_Lovell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julia Lovell (stran ne obstaja)">Lovell, Julia</a> (2019). Maoism: A Global History. Bodley Head. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-184792-250-2" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-184792-250-2"><bdi>978-184792-250-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Maoism%3A+A+Global+History&rft.pub=Bodley+Head&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-184792-250-2&rft.aulast=Lovell&rft.aufirst=Julia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2003" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, W. John (2003). Communists on Education and Culture 1848–1948. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave_Macmillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave Macmillan (stran ne obstaja)">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-333-48586-6" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-333-48586-6"><bdi>0-333-48586-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Communists+on+Education+and+Culture+1848%E2%80%931948&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-333-48586-6&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=W.+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2005" class="citation journal cs1">Morgan, W. John (december 2005). »Communism, Post-Communism, and Moral Education«. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Journal_of_Moral_Education&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Journal of Moral Education (stran ne obstaja)">The Journal of Moral Education</a>. 34 (4). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifikator)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1465-3877">1465-3877</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=%C4%8Dlanek&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Moral+Education&rft.atitle=Communism%2C+Post-Communism%2C+and+Moral+Education&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2005-12&rft.issn=1465-3877&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=W.+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Predloga:Navedi_%C4%8Dasopis" title="Predloga:Navedi časopis">navedi časopis</a>}}</code>: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Vzdr%C5%BEevanje_CS1:_samodejni_prevod_datuma" title="Kategorija:Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma">povezava</a>). <a href="/wiki/Mednarodna_standardna_serijska_%C5%A1tevilka" class="mw-redirect" title="Mednarodna standardna serijska številka">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0305-7240">0305-7240</a> (print).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFNaimarkPons2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Naimark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Naimark (stran ne obstaja)">Naimark, Norman</a>; <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvio_Pons" class="extiw" title="it:Silvio Pons">Pons, Silvio</a> [v italijanščina], ur. (2017). »The Socialist Camp and World Power 1941–1960s«. The Cambridge History of Communism. Zv. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-31645-985-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-31645-985-0"><bdi>978-1-31645-985-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=The+Socialist+Camp+and+World+Power+1941%E2%80%931960s&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Communism&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-31645-985-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPipes2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Pipes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Pipes (stran ne obstaja)">Pipes, Richard</a> (2003). Communism: A History (reprint izd.). Modern Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-81296-864-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-81296-864-4"><bdi>978-0-81296-864-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Communism%3A+A+History&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Modern+Library&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-81296-864-4&rft.aulast=Pipes&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPons2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvio_Pons" class="extiw" title="it:Silvio Pons">Pons, Silvio</a> [v italijanščina] (2014). The Global Revolution: A History of International Communism 1917–1991 (English, hardcover izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19965-762-9" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-19965-762-9"><bdi>978-0-19965-762-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Global+Revolution%3A+A+History+of+International+Communism+1917%E2%80%931991&rft.edition=English%2C+hardcover&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19965-762-9&rft.aulast=Pons&rft.aufirst=Silvio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPonsService2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvio_Pons" class="extiw" title="it:Silvio Pons">Pons, Silvio</a> [v italijanščina]; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Service_(historian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Service (historian) (stran ne obstaja)">Service, Robert</a>, ur. (2010). A Dictionary of 20th Century Communism (hardcover izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-69113-585-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-69113-585-4"><bdi>978-0-69113-585-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+20th+Century+Communism&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-69113-585-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPonsSmith2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvio_Pons" class="extiw" title="it:Silvio Pons">Pons, Silvio</a> [v italijanščina]; Smith, Stephen A., ur. (2017). »World Revolution and Socialism in One Country 1917–1941«. The Cambridge History of Communism. Zv. 1. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambridge_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambridge University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-31613-702-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-1-31613-702-4"><bdi>978-1-31613-702-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=World+Revolution+and+Socialism+in+One+Country+1917%E2%80%931941&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Communism&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-31613-702-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPop-ElechesTucker2017" class="citation book cs1">Pop-Eleches, Grigore; Tucker, Joshua A. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communismsshadow0000pope">Communism's Shadow: Historical Legacies and Contemporary Political Attitudes</a> (hardcover izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-69117-558-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-69117-558-4"><bdi>978-0-69117-558-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Communism%27s+Shadow%3A+Historical+Legacies+and+Contemporary+Political+Attitudes&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-69117-558-4&rft.aulast=Pop-Eleches&rft.aufirst=Grigore&rft.au=Tucker%2C+Joshua+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommunismsshadow0000pope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFPriestland2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Priestland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Priestland (stran ne obstaja)">Priestland, David</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/redflaghistoryof0000prie">The Red Flag: A History of Communism</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grove_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grove Press (stran ne obstaja)">Grove Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-80214-512-3" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-80214-512-3"><bdi>978-0-80214-512-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Red+Flag%3A+A+History+of+Communism&rft.pub=Grove+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-80214-512-3&rft.aulast=Priestland&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fredflaghistoryof0000prie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSabirov1987" class="citation book cs1">Sabirov, Kharis Fatykhovich (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whatiscommunism1987">What Is Communism?</a> (English izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Progress_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progress Publishers (stran ne obstaja)">Progress Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-82853-346-1" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-82853-346-1"><bdi>978-0-82853-346-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=What+Is+Communism%3F&rft.edition=English&rft.pub=Progress+Publishers&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-82853-346-1&rft.aulast=Sabirov&rft.aufirst=Kharis+Fatykhovich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhatiscommunism1987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFService2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Service_(historian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Service (historian) (stran ne obstaja)">Service, Robert</a> (2010). Comrades!: A History of World Communism. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard University Press (stran ne obstaja)">Harvard University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-67404-699-3" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-67404-699-3"><bdi>978-0-67404-699-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Comrades%21%3A+A+History+of+World+Communism&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-67404-699-3&rft.aulast=Service&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2019" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Yu-ming (2019). Changes And Continuities In Chinese Communism: Volume I: Ideology, Politics, and Foreign Policy (hardcover izd.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (stran ne obstaja)">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-36716-385-3" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-36716-385-3"><bdi>978-0-36716-385-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Changes+And+Continuities+In+Chinese+Communism%3A+Volume+I%3A+Ideology%2C+Politics%2C+and+Foreign+Policy&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0-36716-385-3&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Yu-ming&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFZinoviev1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Zinoviev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Zinoviev (stran ne obstaja)">Zinoviev, Alexandre</a> (1984) [1980]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/realityofcommuni00zino">The Reality of Communism</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schocken_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schocken Books (stran ne obstaja)">Schocken Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-80523-901-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/978-0-80523-901-0"><bdi>978-0-80523-901-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Reality+of+Communism&rft.pub=Schocken+Books&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-80523-901-0&rft.aulast=Zinoviev&rft.aufirst=Alexandre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frealityofcommuni00zino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zunanje_povezave">Zunanje povezave</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Uredi razdelek: Zunanje povezave" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">uredi</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunizem&action=edit&section=23" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Zunanje povezave">uredi kodo</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5916282">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5922699">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5911185"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Komunizem v <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Sorodni_projekti" title="Wikipedija:Sorodni projekti">sorodnih projektih</a> Wikipedije</div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /><a href="https://sl.wiktionary.org/wiki/Communism" class="extiw" title="wikt:Communism">Opredelitve</a> v Wikislovarju</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Communism" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Communism">Predstavnosti</a> v Zbirki</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://sl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Communism" class="extiw" title="q:Communism">Navedki</a> v Wikinavedku</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://sl.wikisource.org/wiki/Communism" class="extiw" title="s:Communism">Besedila</a> v Wikiviru</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://sl.wikiversity.org/wiki/Posebno:Iskanje/Komunizem" class="extiw" title="v:Posebno:Iskanje/Komunizem">Viri</a> v Wikiverzi</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6186" class="extiw" title="d:Q6186">Podatki</a> v Wikipodatkih</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://sl.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Communism">»Communism« </a>. <a href="/wiki/Enciklopedija_Britannica" title="Enciklopedija Britannica">Enciklopedija Britannica</a> (v angleščini) (11. izd.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knji%C5%BEni+predmet&rft.atitle=Communism&rft.btitle=Enciklopedija+Britannica&rft.edition=11.&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> Retrieved 18 August 2021.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/communism">"Communism"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 18 August 2021.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libcom.org/library/">Libertarian Communist Library</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libcom.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libcom.org (stran ne obstaja)">Libcom.org</a> contains almost 20,000 articles, books, pamphlets, and journals on libertarian communism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051211121016/http://libcom.org/library/">Arhivirano</a> 11 December 2005 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Retrieved 18 August 2021. One example being <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libcom.org/library/marx-russian-mir-misconceptions-marxists">"Marx on the Russian Mir, and misconceptions by Marxists"</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predloga:Cite_NIE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predloga:Cite NIE (stran ne obstaja)">Predloga:Cite NIE</a> Retrieved 18 August 2021.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/rad.html">The Radical Pamphlet Collection</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> contains materials on the topic of communism. Retrieved 18 August 2021.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFWinstanley1649" class="citation web cs1">Winstanley, Gerrard (1649). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110709064100/http://www.rogerlovejoy.co.uk/philosophy/diggers/diggers3.htm">»The True Levellers Standard Advanced, the Diggers' Manifesto«</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerlovejoy.co.uk/philosophy/diggers/diggers3.htm">prvotnega spletišča</a> dne 9. julija 2011. Pridobljeno 18. avgusta 2021 – prek Roger Lovejoy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=neznano&rft.btitle=The+True+Levellers+Standard+Advanced%2C+the+Diggers%27+Manifesto&rft.date=1649&rft.aulast=Winstanley&rft.aufirst=Gerrard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerlovejoy.co.uk%2Fphilosophy%2Fdiggers%2Fdiggers3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3AKomunizem" class="Z3988"> See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/winstanley/1649/levellers-standard.htm">"The True Levellers Standard Advanced: Or, The State of Community Opened, and Presented to the Sons of Men"</a> from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingston_University_London&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingston University London (stran ne obstaja)">Kingston University London</a>'s Faculty of Business and Social Sciences at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxists_Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxists Internet Archive (stran ne obstaja)">Marxists Internet Archive</a>. Retrieved 18 August 2021.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://communistcrimes.org/en">Communist Crimes: Facts, research and articles on communist ideology and regimes. Estonian Institute of Historical Memory.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.memoriaal.ee/en/">Estonia's Victims of Communism 1940–1991.</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Politične_ideologije" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#ccc;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5911192">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output 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class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-d7pw2","wgBackendResponseTime":186,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.020","walltime":"2.363","ppvisitednodes":{"value":16367,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":521475,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":94786,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":15,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":537191,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2085.056 1 -total"," 40.25% 839.305 3 Predloga:Reflist"," 26.07% 543.634 111 Predloga:Navedi_knjigo"," 11.49% 239.622 1 Predloga:Columns-list"," 10.07% 210.036 45 Predloga:Cite_journal"," 8.47% 176.527 1 Predloga:Lang-la"," 6.55% 136.483 10 Predloga:Sfn"," 5.56% 115.834 1 Predloga:Sister_project_links"," 5.16% 107.531 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[\"CITEREFDavies2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaviesHarris2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDean2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDirlik1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDulić2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunn2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllman2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllman2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElmen1954\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEly1883\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFEngel-Di_MauroEngel-Di_MauroFaberLabban2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEngels1970\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEngels2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEngels2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEngelsMarx1969\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFEngelsMarx1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFErmak2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvangelista2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarred2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFaulkner2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFenby2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFisher2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFitzgibbons2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFitzpatrick2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForman1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFranklin1950\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFranks2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrenkielShaoguang2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFuchs-SchündelnSchündeln2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFuret2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFürstPonsSelden2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGaddis2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGaltungStenslie2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeary2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeorgeWilcox1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerlachSix2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerrRaskinaTsyplakova2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGetty1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGettyRitterspornZemskov1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGhodsee2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGhodseeSehonDresser2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGildea2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGitlin2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGittings2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldhagen2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGorlizki2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrandjonc1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGregor2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGregory2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGregoryStuart2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHalfin2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHammerton\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarff1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarff2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarper2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHauck2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHenry2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHimmer1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHiroaki2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHodges2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoffman1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHouldenMinard2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHowardKing2001\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHudis2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIvančič,_Miloš.2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnson2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnsonWalkerGray2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJuretic1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarlssonSchoenhals2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaufman2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKinna2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKurian2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuromiya2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLansford2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaybournMurphy1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLenin1965\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeon2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLindsay1905\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLink2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLovell2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuthi2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMackenbach2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMalia2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarch2009\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFMarch2012\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFMarples2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcDermott2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorris2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaimarkPons2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNancy1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNandanwad2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNation1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewman2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaczkowski2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPantsovLevine2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPapke2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPark2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPatenaude2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerkins1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeters1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPipes2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPipes2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPons2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPonsService2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPonsSmith2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPop-ElechesTucker2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPriestland2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRabinowitch2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosefielde2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosserBarkley2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRummel1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSabirov1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSafaei2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchram2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchwekendiek2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSedov1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFService2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSeth2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShaw2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2014\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSnyder2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSteele1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuny2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSurtz1949\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTodorova2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVogel2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeiner2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWheatcroft1999\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWheatcroft2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite2010\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWilczynski2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilhelm1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliams1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliams1985\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWinstanley1649\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWittfogel1960\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWolff2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWorden2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWormack2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWright1960\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZinoviev1984\"] = 1,\n [\"Hol09\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite EB1911\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite NIE\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 45,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 5,\n [\"Columns-list\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 3,\n [\"Glej tudi\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvp\"] = 9,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 4,\n [\"ISSN\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang-la\"] = 1,\n [\"Library resources box\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Navedi knjigo\"] = 111,\n [\"Navedi novice\"] = 2,\n [\"Navedi splet\"] = 18,\n [\"Normativna kontrola\"] = 1,\n [\"Page needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Politične ideologije\"] = 1,\n [\"R\"] = 7,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 3,\n [\"Refn\"] = 6,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 10,\n [\"Sfnm\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Sklici\"] = 1,\n [\"Slepa povezava\"] = 2,\n [\"Toc limit\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["dataWrapper 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