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Thoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pritam%20Singh"> Pritam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automatic face detection is a complex problem in image processing. Many methods exist to solve this problem such as template matching, Fisher Linear Discriminate, Neural Networks, SVM, and MRC. Success has been achieved with each method to varying degrees and complexities. In proposed algorithm we used upright, frontal faces for single gray scale images with decent resolution and under good lighting condition. In the field of face recognition technique the single face is matched with single face from the training dataset. The author proposed a neural network based face detection algorithm from the photographs as well as if any test data appears it check from the online scanned training dataset. Experimental result shows that the algorithm detected up to 95% accuracy for any image. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Face%20Detection" title="Face Detection">Face Detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Face%20Recognition" title=" Face Recognition"> Face Recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NN%20Approach" title=" NN Approach"> NN Approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PCA%20Algorithm." title=" PCA Algorithm."> PCA Algorithm.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/neural-network-based-approach-for-face-detection-cum-face-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">217</span> Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN): Resource Allocation Techniques Based On DNA-inspired Computing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Santosh%20Kumar%20Singh">Santosh Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Krishna%20Chandra%20Roy"> Krishna Chandra Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vibhakar%20Pathak"> Vibhakar Pathak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Spectrum is a scarce commodity, and considering the spectrum scarcity faced by the wireless-based service providers led to high congestion levels. Technical inefficiencies from pooled, since all networks share a common pool of channels, exhausting the available channels will force networks to block the services. Researchers found that cognitive radio (CR) technology may resolve the spectrum scarcity. A CR is a self-configuring entity in a wireless networking that senses its environment, tracks changes, and frequently exchanges information with their networks. However, CRN facing challenges and condition become worst while tracks changes i.e. reallocation of another under-utilized channels while primary network user arrives. In this paper, channels or resource reallocation technique based on DNA-inspired computing algorithm for CRN has been proposed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ad%20hoc%20networks" title="Ad hoc networks">Ad hoc networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=channels%20reallocation" title=" channels reallocation"> channels reallocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20radio" title=" cognitive radio"> cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DNA%20local%20sequence%20alignment." title=" DNA local sequence alignment."> DNA local sequence alignment.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/cognitive-radio-networks-crn-resource-allocation-techniques-based-on-dna-inspired-computing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1796</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">216</span> Audio Watermarking Using Spectral Modifications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jyotsna%20Singh">Jyotsna Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parul%20Garg"> Parul Garg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alok%20Nath%20De"> Alok Nath De</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a non-blind technique of adding the watermark to the Fourier spectral components of audio signal in a way such that the modified amplitude does not exceed the maximum amplitude spread (MAS). This MAS is due to individual Discrete fourier transform (DFT) coefficients in that particular frame, which is derived from the Energy Spreading function given by Schroeder. Using this technique one can store double the information within a given frame length i.e. overriding the watermark on the host of equal length with least perceptual distortion. The watermark is uniformly floating on the DFT components of original signal. This helps in detecting any intentional manipulations done on the watermarked audio. Also, the scheme is found robust to various signal processing attacks like presence of multiple watermarks, Additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) and mp3 compression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Discrete%20Fourier%20Transform" title="Discrete Fourier Transform">Discrete Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spreading%20Function" title=" Spreading Function"> Spreading Function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Watermark" title=" Watermark"> Watermark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pseudo%20Noise%20Sequence" title=" Pseudo Noise Sequence"> Pseudo Noise Sequence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spectral%20Masking%20Effect" title=" Spectral Masking Effect"> Spectral Masking Effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/audio-watermarking-using-spectral-modifications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1713</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">215</span> A Taguchi Approach to Investigate Impact of Factors for Reusability of Software Components </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parvinder%20S.%20Sandhu">Parvinder S. Sandhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pavel%20Blecharz"> Pavel Blecharz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hardeep%20Singh"> Hardeep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantitative Investigation of impact of the factors' contribution towards measuring the reusability of software components could be helpful in evaluating the quality of developed or developing reusable software components and in identification of reusable component from existing legacy systems; that can save cost of developing the software from scratch. But the issue of the relative significance of contributing factors has remained relatively unexplored. In this paper, we have use the Taguchi's approach in analyzing the significance of different structural attributes or factors in deciding the reusability level of a particular component. The results obtained shows that the complexity is the most important factor in deciding the better Reusability of a function oriented Software. In case of Object Oriented Software, Coupling and Complexity collectively play significant role in high reusability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taguchi%20Approach" title="Taguchi Approach">Taguchi Approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reusability" title=" Reusability"> Reusability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SoftwareComponents" title=" SoftwareComponents"> SoftwareComponents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Structural%20Attributes." title=" Structural Attributes. "> Structural Attributes. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/a-taguchi-approach-to-investigate-impact-of-factors-for-reusability-of-software-components" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1727</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">214</span> Traffic Density Estimation for Multiple Segment Freeways</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Karandeep%20Singh">Karandeep Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Baibing%20Li"> Baibing Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traffic density, an indicator of traffic conditions, is one of the most critical characteristics to Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). This paper investigates recursive traffic density estimation using the information provided from inductive loop detectors. On the basis of the phenomenological relationship between speed and density, the existing studies incorporate a state space model and update the density estimate using vehicular speed observations via the extended Kalman filter, where an approximation is made because of the linearization of the nonlinear observation equation. In practice, this may lead to substantial estimation errors. This paper incorporates a suitable transformation to deal with the nonlinear observation equation so that the approximation is avoided when using Kalman filter to estimate the traffic density. A numerical study is conducted. It is shown that the developed method outperforms the existing methods for traffic density estimation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Density%20estimation" title="Density estimation">Density estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=speed-densityrelationship" title=" speed-densityrelationship"> speed-densityrelationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Traffic%20surveillance." title=" Traffic surveillance."> Traffic surveillance.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/traffic-density-estimation-for-multiple-segment-freeways" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1846</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">213</span> A Fault Tolerant Token-based Algorithm for Group Mutual Exclusion in Distributed Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abhishek%20Swaroop">Abhishek Swaroop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Awadhesh%20Kumar%20Singh"> Awadhesh Kumar Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The group mutual exclusion (GME) problem is a variant of the mutual exclusion problem. In the present paper a token-based group mutual exclusion algorithm, capable of handling transient faults, is proposed. The algorithm uses the concept of dynamic request sets. A time out mechanism is used to detect the token loss; also, a distributed scheme is used to regenerate the token. The worst case message complexity of the algorithm is n+1. The maximum concurrency and forum switch complexity of the algorithm are n and min (n, m) respectively, where n is the number of processes and m is the number of groups. The algorithm also satisfies another desirable property called smooth admission. The scheme can also be adapted to handle the extended group mutual exclusion problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%20request%20sets" title="Dynamic request sets">Dynamic request sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fault%20tolerance" title=" Fault tolerance"> Fault tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Smoothadmission" title=" Smoothadmission"> Smoothadmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Transient%20faults." title=" Transient faults."> Transient faults.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/a-fault-tolerant-token-based-algorithm-for-group-mutual-exclusion-in-distributed-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1682</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">212</span> An Artificial Immune System for a Multi Agent Robotics System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chingtham%20Tejbanta%20Singh">Chingtham Tejbanta Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shivashankar%20B.%20Nair"> Shivashankar B. Nair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper explores an application of an adaptive learning mechanism for robots based on the natural immune system. Most of the research carried out so far are based either on the innate or adaptive characteristics of the immune system, we present a combination of these to achieve behavior arbitration wherein a robot learns to detect vulnerable areas of a track and adapts to the required speed over such portions. The test bed comprises of two Lego robots deployed simultaneously on two predefined near concentric tracks with the outer robot capable of helping the inner one when it misaligns. The helper robot works in a damage-control mode by realigning itself to guide the other robot back onto its track. The panic-stricken robot records the conditions under which it was misaligned and learns to detect and adapt under similar conditions thereby making the overall system immune to such failures.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adaptive" title="Adaptive">Adaptive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=AIS" title=" AIS"> AIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Behavior%20Arbitration" title=" Behavior Arbitration"> Behavior Arbitration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ClonalSelection" title=" ClonalSelection"> ClonalSelection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immune%20System" title=" Immune System"> Immune System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Innate" title=" Innate"> Innate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Robot" title=" Robot"> Robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Self%20Healing." title=" Self Healing."> Self Healing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/an-artificial-immune-system-for-a-multi-agent-robotics-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">211</span> Modeling of Reusability of Object Oriented Software System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parvinder%20S.%20Sandhu">Parvinder S. Sandhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Harpreet%20Kaur"> Harpreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amanpreet%20Singh"> Amanpreet Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automatic reusability appraisal is helpful in evaluating the quality of developed or developing reusable software components and in identification of reusable components from existing legacy systems; that can save cost of developing the software from scratch. But the issue of how to identify reusable components from existing systems has remained relatively unexplored. In this research work, structural attributes of software components are explored using software metrics and quality of the software is inferred by different Neural Network based approaches, taking the metric values as input. The calculated reusability value enables to identify a good quality code automatically. It is found that the reusability value determined is close to the manual analysis used to be performed by the programmers or repository managers. So, the developed system can be used to enhance the productivity and quality of software development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neural%20Network" title="Neural Network">Neural Network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Reusability" title=" Software Reusability"> Software Reusability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%0AMetric" title=" Software Metric"> Software Metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Accuracy" title=" Accuracy"> Accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MAE" title=" MAE"> MAE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RMSE." title=" RMSE."> RMSE.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/modeling-of-reusability-of-object-oriented-software-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2092</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">210</span> A Comprehensive Survey and Comparative Analysis of Black Hole Attack in Mobile Ad Hoc Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nidhi%20Gupta">Nidhi Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sanjoy%20Das"> Sanjoy Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khushal%20Singh"> Khushal Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a self managing network consists of versatile nodes that are capable of communicating with each other without having any fixed infrastructure. These nodes may be routers and/or hosts. Due to this dynamic nature of the network, routing protocols are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. The black hole attack is one of the conspicuous security threats in MANETs. As the route discovery process is obligatory and customary, attackers make use of this loophole to get success in their motives to destruct the network. In Black hole attack the packet is redirected to a node that actually does not exist in the network. Many researchers have proposed different techniques to detect and prevent this type of attack. In this paper, we have analyzed various routing protocols in this context. Further we have shown a critical comparison among various protocols. We have shown various routing metrics are required proper and significant analysis of the protocol.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Black%20Hole" title="Black Hole">Black Hole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MANET" title=" MANET"> MANET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Performance%20Parameters" title=" Performance Parameters"> Performance Parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Routing%20Protocol." title=" Routing Protocol. "> Routing Protocol. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/a-comprehensive-survey-and-comparative-analysis-of-black-hole-attack-in-mobile-ad-hoc-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2778</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">209</span> Laser Keratoplasty in Human Eye Considering the Fluid Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Humor Fluid Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dara%20Singh">Dara Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Keikhosrow%20Firouzbakhsh"> Keikhosrow Firouzbakhsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Taghi%20Ahmadian"> Mohammad Taghi Ahmadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, conventional laser Keratoplasty surgeries in the human eye are studied. For this purpose, a validated 3D finite volume model of the human eye is introduced. In this model the fluid flow has also been considered. The discretized domain of the human eye incorporates a bio-heat transfer equation coupled with a Boussinesq equation. Both continuous and pulsed lasers have been modeled and the results are compared. Moreover, two different conventional surgical positions that are upright and recumbent are compared for these laser therapies. The simulation results show that in these conventional surgeries, the temperature rises above the critical values at the laser insertion areas. However, due to the short duration and the localized nature, the potential damages are restricted to very small regions and can be ignored. The conclusion is that the present day lasers are acceptably safe to the human eye.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eye" title="Eye">Eye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat-transfer" title=" heat-transfer"> heat-transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=keratoplasty%20laser" title=" keratoplasty laser"> keratoplasty laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surgery." title=" surgery."> surgery.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/laser-keratoplasty-in-human-eye-considering-the-fluid-aqueous-humor-and-vitreous-humor-fluid-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">968</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">208</span> Study of MHD Oblique Stagnation Point Assisting Flow on Vertical Plate with Uniform Surface Heat Flux</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phool%20Singh">Phool Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashok%20Jangid"> Ashok Jangid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.S.%20Tomer"> N.S. Tomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Deepa%20Sinha"> Deepa Sinha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to study the oblique stagnation point flow on vertical plate with uniform surface heat flux in presence of magnetic field. Using Stream function, partial differential equations corresponding to the momentum and energy equations are converted into non-linear ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions of these equations are obtained using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method with the help of shooting technique. In the present work the effects of striking angle, magnetic field parameter, Grashoff number, the Prandtl number on velocity and heat transfer characteristics have been discussed. Effect of above mentioned parameter on the position of stagnation point are also studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20flux" title="Heat flux">Heat flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oblique%20stagnation%20point" title=" Oblique stagnation point"> Oblique stagnation point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mixedconvection" title=" Mixedconvection"> Mixedconvection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magneto%20hydrodynamics" title=" Magneto hydrodynamics"> Magneto hydrodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/study-of-mhd-oblique-stagnation-point-assisting-flow-on-vertical-plate-with-uniform-surface-heat-flux" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1926</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">207</span> Improving the Effectiveness of Software Testing through Test Case Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20P.%20Mahapatra">R. P. Mahapatra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jitendra%20Singh"> Jitendra Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a new technique for improving the efficiency of software testing, which is based on a conventional attempt to reduce test cases that have to be tested for any given software. The approach utilizes the advantage of Regression Testing where fewer test cases would lessen time consumption of the testing as a whole. The technique also offers a means to perform test case generation automatically. Compared to one of the techniques in the literature where the tester has no option but to perform the test case generation manually, the proposed technique provides a better option. As for the test cases reduction, the technique uses simple algebraic conditions to assign fixed values to variables (Maximum, minimum and constant variables). By doing this, the variables values would be limited within a definite range, resulting in fewer numbers of possible test cases to process. The technique can also be used in program loops and arrays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Testing" title="Software Testing">Software Testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Test%20Case%20Generation" title=" Test Case Generation"> Test Case Generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Test%20CaseReduction" title=" Test CaseReduction"> Test CaseReduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/improving-the-effectiveness-of-software-testing-through-test-case-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3037</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">206</span> A K-Means Based Clustering Approach for Finding Faulty Modules in Open Source Software Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parvinder%20S.%20Sandhu">Parvinder S. Sandhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jagdeep%20Singh"> Jagdeep Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vikas%20Gupta"> Vikas Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mandeep%20Kaur"> Mandeep Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sonia%20Manhas"> Sonia Manhas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramandeep%20Sidhu"> Ramandeep Sidhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prediction of fault-prone modules provides one way to support software quality engineering. Clustering is used to determine the intrinsic grouping in a set of unlabeled data. Among various clustering techniques available in literature K-Means clustering approach is most widely being used. This paper introduces K-Means based Clustering approach for software finding the fault proneness of the Object-Oriented systems. The contribution of this paper is that it has used Metric values of JEdit open source software for generation of the rules for the categorization of software modules in the categories of Faulty and non faulty modules and thereafter empirically validation is performed. The results are measured in terms of accuracy of prediction, probability of Detection and Probability of False Alarms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K-Means" title="K-Means">K-Means</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Fault" title=" Software Fault"> Software Fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Classification" title=" Classification"> Classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ObjectOriented%20Metrics." title=" ObjectOriented Metrics."> ObjectOriented Metrics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/a-k-means-based-clustering-approach-for-finding-faulty-modules-in-open-source-software-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">205</span> A Distributed Group Mutual Exclusion Algorithm for Soft Real Time Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abhishek%20Swaroop">Abhishek Swaroop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Awadhesh%20Kumar%20Singh"> Awadhesh Kumar Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The group mutual exclusion (GME) problem is an interesting generalization of the mutual exclusion problem. Several solutions of the GME problem have been proposed for message passing distributed systems. However, none of these solutions is suitable for real time distributed systems. In this paper, we propose a token-based distributed algorithms for the GME problem in soft real time distributed systems. The algorithm uses the concepts of priority queue, dynamic request set and the process state. The algorithm uses first come first serve approach in selecting the next session type between the same priority levels and satisfies the concurrent occupancy property. The algorithm allows all n processors to be inside their CS provided they request for the same session. The performance analysis and correctness proof of the algorithm has also been included in the paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Concurrency" title="Concurrency">Concurrency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Group%20mutual%20exclusion" title=" Group mutual exclusion"> Group mutual exclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Priority" title=" Priority"> Priority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Request%20set" title="Request set">Request set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Token." title=" Token."> Token.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/a-distributed-group-mutual-exclusion-algorithm-for-soft-real-time-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1722</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">204</span> The System Identification and PID Lead-lag Control for Two Poles Unstable SOPDT Process by Improved Relay Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20K.%20Singh">V. K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20K.%20Padhy"> P. K. Padhy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes identification of the two poles unstable SOPDT process, especially with large time delay. A new modified relay feedback identification method for two poles unstable SOPDT process is proposed. Furthermore, for the two poles unstable SOPDT process, an additional Derivative controller is incorporated parallel with relay to relax the constraint on the ratio of delay to the unstable time constant, so that the exact model parameters of unstable processes can be identified. To cope with measurement noise in practice, a low pass filter is suggested to get denoised output signal toimprove the exactness of model parameter of unstable process. PID Lead-lag tuning formulas are derived for two poles unstable (SOPDT) processes based on IMC principle. Simulation example illustrates the effectiveness and the simplicity of the proposed identification and control method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IMC%20structure" title="IMC structure">IMC structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PID%20Lead-lag%20controller" title=" PID Lead-lag controller"> PID Lead-lag controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Relayfeedback" title=" Relayfeedback"> Relayfeedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SOPDT" title=" SOPDT"> SOPDT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/the-system-identification-and-pid-lead-lag-control-for-two-poles-unstable-sopdt-process-by-improved-relay-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">203</span> Characterization of Fabricated A 384.1-MgO Based Metal Matrix Composite and Optimization of Tensile Strength using Taguchi Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nripjit">Nripjit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anand%20K%20Tyagi"> Anand K Tyagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nirmal%20Singh"> Nirmal Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work consecutively on synthesis and characterization of composites, Al/Al alloy A 384.1 as matrix in which the main ingredient as Al/Al-5% MgO alloy based metal matrix composite. As practical implications the low cost processing route for the fabrication of Al alloy A 384.1 and operational difficulties of presently available manufacturing processes based in liquid manipulation methods. As all new developments, complete understanding of the influence of processing variables upon the final quality of the product. And the composite is applied comprehensively to the acquaintance for achieving superiority of information concerning the specific heat measurement of a material through the aid of thermographs. Products are evaluated concerning relative particle size and mechanical behavior under tensile strength. Furthermore, Taguchi technique was employed to examine the experimental optimum results are achieved, owing to effectiveness of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MMC" title="MMC">MMC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermographs" title=" Thermographs"> Thermographs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tensile%20strength" title=" Tensile strength"> Tensile strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taguchi%0Atechnique" title=" Taguchi technique"> Taguchi technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimal%20parameters" title=" Optimal parameters"> Optimal parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/characterization-of-fabricated-a-3841-mgo-based-metal-matrix-composite-and-optimization-of-tensile-strength-using-taguchi-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1649</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">202</span> Effect of Variable viscosity on Convective Heat Transfer along an Inclined Plate Embedded in Porous Medium with an Applied Magnetic Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.S.%20Tomer">N.S. Tomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phool%20Singh"> Phool Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Manoj%20Kumar"> Manoj Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flow and heat transfer characteristics for natural convection along an inclined plate in a saturated porous medium with an applied magnetic field have been studied. The fluid viscosity has been assumed to be an inverse function of temperature. Assuming temperature vary as a power function of distance. The transformed ordinary differential equations have solved by numerical integration using Runge-Kutta method. The velocity and temperature profile components on the plate are computed and discussed in detail for various values of the variable viscosity parameter, inclination angle, magnetic field parameter, and real constant (位). The results have also been interpreted with the aid of tables and graphs. The numerical values of Nusselt number have been calculated for the mentioned parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20Transfer" title="Heat Transfer">Heat Transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnetic%20Field" title=" Magnetic Field"> Magnetic Field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Porosity" title=" Porosity"> Porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Viscosity" title=" Viscosity"> Viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/effect-of-variable-viscosity-on-convective-heat-transfer-along-an-inclined-plate-embedded-in-porous-medium-with-an-applied-magnetic-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1760</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">201</span> Computer Aided Classification of Architectural Distortion in Mammograms Using Texture Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Birmohan%20Singh">Birmohan Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20K.%20Jain"> V. K. Jain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computer aided diagnosis systems provide vital opinion to radiologists in the detection of early signs of breast cancer from mammogram images. Architectural distortions, masses and microcalcifications are the major abnormalities. In this paper, a computer aided diagnosis system has been proposed for distinguishing abnormal mammograms with architectural distortion from normal mammogram. Four types of texture features GLCM texture, GLRLM texture, fractal texture and spectral texture features for the regions of suspicion are extracted. Support vector machine has been used as classifier in this study. The proposed system yielded an overall sensitivity of 96.47% and an accuracy of 96% for mammogram images collected from digital database for screening mammography database. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Architecture%20Distortion" title="Architecture Distortion">Architecture Distortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GLCM%20Texture%20features" title=" GLCM Texture features"> GLCM Texture features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GLRLM%20Texture%20Features" title=" GLRLM Texture Features"> GLRLM Texture Features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mammograms" title=" Mammograms"> Mammograms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Support%20Vector%20Machine." title=" Support Vector Machine."> Support Vector Machine.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/computer-aided-classification-of-architectural-distortion-in-mammograms-using-texture-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> A Comparative Study of Page Ranking Algorithms for Information Retrieval</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashutosh%20Kumar%20Singh">Ashutosh Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ravi%20Kumar%20P"> Ravi Kumar P</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper gives an introduction to Web mining, then describes Web Structure mining in detail, and explores the data structure used by the Web. This paper also explores different Page Rank algorithms and compare those algorithms used for Information Retrieval. In Web Mining, the basics of Web mining and the Web mining categories are explained. Different Page Rank based algorithms like PageRank (PR), WPR (Weighted PageRank), HITS (Hyperlink-Induced Topic Search), DistanceRank and DirichletRank algorithms are discussed and compared. PageRanks are calculated for PageRank and Weighted PageRank algorithms for a given hyperlink structure. Simulation Program is developed for PageRank algorithm because PageRank is the only ranking algorithm implemented in the search engine (Google). The outputs are shown in a table and chart format. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Web%20Mining" title="Web Mining">Web Mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Web%20Structure" title=" Web Structure"> Web Structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Web%20Graph" title=" Web Graph"> Web Graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LinkAnalysis" title=" LinkAnalysis"> LinkAnalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PageRank" title=" PageRank"> PageRank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weighted%20PageRank" title=" Weighted PageRank"> Weighted PageRank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HITS" title=" HITS"> HITS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DistanceRank" title=" DistanceRank"> DistanceRank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DirichletRank" title="DirichletRank">DirichletRank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/a-comparative-study-of-page-ranking-algorithms-for-information-retrieval" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2856</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> Fuzzy-Genetic Optimal Control for Four Degreeof Freedom Robotic Arm Movement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20K.%20Banga">V. K. Banga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Kumar"> R. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Singh"> Y. Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present optimal control for movement and trajectory planning for four degrees-of-freedom robot using Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Genetic Algorithms (GAs). We have evaluated using Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Genetic Algorithms (GAs) for four degree-of-freedom (4 DOF) robotics arm, Uncertainties like; Movement, Friction and Settling Time in robotic arm movement have been compensated using Fuzzy logic and Genetic Algorithms. The development of a fuzzy genetic optimization algorithm is presented and discussed. The result are compared only GA and Fuzzy GA. This paper describes genetic algorithms, which is designed to optimize robot movement and trajectory. Though the model represents is a general model for redundant structures and could represent any n-link structures. The result is a complete trajectory planning with Fuzzy logic and Genetic algorithms demonstrating the flexibility of this technique of artificial intelligence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Inverse%20kinematics" title="Inverse kinematics">Inverse kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Genetic%20algorithms%20%28GAs%29" title=" Genetic algorithms (GAs)"> Genetic algorithms (GAs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20logic%20%28FL%29" title="Fuzzy logic (FL)">Fuzzy logic (FL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trajectory%20planning." title=" Trajectory planning."> Trajectory planning.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/fuzzy-genetic-optimal-control-for-four-degreeof-freedom-robotic-arm-movement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> Energy Map Construction using Adaptive Alpha Grey Prediction Model in WSNs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surender%20Kumar%20Soni">Surender Kumar Soni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dhirendra%20Pratap%20Singh"> Dhirendra Pratap Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless Sensor Networks can be used to monitor the physical phenomenon in such areas where human approach is nearly impossible. Hence the limited power supply is the major constraint of the WSNs due to the use of non-rechargeable batteries in sensor nodes. A lot of researches are going on to reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes. Energy map can be used with clustering, data dissemination and routing techniques to reduce the power consumption of WSNs. Energy map can also be used to know which part of the network is going to fail in near future. In this paper, Energy map is constructed using the prediction based approach. Adaptive alpha GM(1,1) model is used as the prediction model. GM(1,1) is being used worldwide in many applications for predicting future values of time series using some past values due to its high computational efficiency and accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adaptive%20Alpha%20GM%281" title="Adaptive Alpha GM(1">Adaptive Alpha GM(1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=1%29%20Model" title="1) Model">1) Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Energy%20Map" title=" Energy Map"> Energy Map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Prediction%20Based%20Data%20Reduction" title=" Prediction Based Data Reduction"> Prediction Based Data Reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wireless%20Sensor%20Networks" title=" Wireless Sensor Networks"> Wireless Sensor Networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/energy-map-construction-using-adaptive-alpha-grey-prediction-model-in-wsns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1810</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Online Structural Health Monitoring of Ball Bearings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Matta%20S.%20N.%20S.%20Kiran">Matta S. N. S. Kiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Manikantadhar%20Maheswaram"> Manikantadhar Maheswaram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Akshat%20Upadhyay"> Akshat Upadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rohit%20Mishra"> Rohit Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bhagat%20Singh"> Bhagat Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A bearing is a very common and useful component of mechanical systems in order to transfer power from one end to another. Therefore, to ensure the accountability and robustness of the rotating mechanical systems, the bearing part's health condition must be checked at regular intervals, also known as preventive maintenance. This condition may lead to unnecessary higher maintenance costs and later result in higher production costs. These costs can be minimized by diagnosing the faulty bearing in its incipient stage. This paper describes an approach to detect rolling bearing defects based on Empirical Mode Decomposition. The novelty of the proposed methodology is validated experimentally using Case Western Reserve University bearing's data sets. The selected data sets comprise the two vibration signals, i.e., inner race and outer, for healthy and faulty conditions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ball%20bearing" title="Ball bearing">Ball bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=denoising" title=" denoising"> denoising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=signal%20processing" title=" signal processing"> signal processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=statistical%20indicators." title=" statistical indicators."> statistical indicators.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/online-structural-health-monitoring-of-ball-bearings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> A New Approach For Ranking Of Generalized Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amit%20Kumar">Amit Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pushpinder%20Singh"> Pushpinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parampreet%20Kaur"> Parampreet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amarpreet%20Kaur"> Amarpreet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ranking of fuzzy numbers play an important role in decision making, optimization, forecasting etc. Fuzzy numbers must be ranked before an action is taken by a decision maker. In this paper, with the help of several counter examples it is proved that ranking method proposed by Chen and Chen (Expert Systems with Applications 36 (2009) 6833-6842) is incorrect. The main aim of this paper is to propose a new approach for the ranking of generalized trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that the proposed approach provide the correct ordering of generalized and normal trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and also the proposed approach is very simple and easy to apply in the real life problems. It is shown that proposed ranking function satisfies all the reasonable properties of fuzzy quantities proposed by Wang and Kerre (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 118 (2001) 375-385). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ranking%20function" title="Ranking function">Ranking function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Generalized%20trapezoidal%20fuzzy%20numbers" title=" Generalized trapezoidal fuzzy numbers"> Generalized trapezoidal fuzzy numbers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/a-new-approach-for-ranking-of-generalized-trapezoidal-fuzzy-numbers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2729</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Chitosan Functionalized Fe3O4@Au Core-Shell Nanomaterials for Targeted Drug Delivery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20S.%20Pati">S. S. Pati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Herojit%20Singh"> L. Herojit Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20C.%20Oliveira"> A. C. Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20K.%20Garg"> V. K. Garg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chitosan functionalized Fe3O4-Au core shell nanoparticles have been prepared using a two-step wet chemical approach using NaBH4 as reducing agent for formation of Au in ethylene glycol. X-ray diffraction studies shows individual phases of Fe3O4 and Au in the as prepared samples with crystallite size of 5.9 and 11.4 nm respectively. The functionalization of the core-shell nanostructure with Chitosan has been confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy along with signatures of octahedral and tetrahedral sites of Fe3O4 below 600cm-1. M枚ssbauer spectroscopy shows decrease in particle-particle interaction in presence of Au shell (72% sextet) than pure oleic coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (88% sextet) at room temperature. At 80K, oleic acid coated Fe3O4 shows only sextets whereas the Chitosan functionalized Fe3O4 and Chitosan functionalized Fe3O4@Au core shell show presence of 5 and 11% doublet, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnetic%20nanoparticles" title="Magnetic nanoparticles">Magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fe3O4%40Au%20core%20shell" title=" Fe3O4@Au core shell"> Fe3O4@Au core shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=iron%0D%0Aoxide" title=" iron oxide"> iron oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Au%20nanoparticles." title=" Au nanoparticles."> Au nanoparticles.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/chitosan-functionalized-fe3o4-at-au-core-shell-nanomaterials-for-targeted-drug-delivery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2979</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Performance and Emission Study of Linseed Oilas a Fuel for CI Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashutosh%20Kumar%20Rai">Ashutosh Kumar Rai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Naveen%20Kumar"> Naveen Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bhupendra%20Singh%20Chauhan"> Bhupendra Singh Chauhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increased energy demand and the concern about environment friendly technology, renewable bio-fuels are better alternative to petroleum products. In the present study linseed oil was used as alternative source for diesel engine fuel and the results were compared with baseline data of neat diesel. Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and emissions parameters such as CO, unburned hydro carbon (UBHC), NOx, CO2 and exhaust temperature were compared. BTE of the engine was lower and BSFC was higher when the engine was fueled with Linseed oil compared to diesel fuel. Emission characteristics are better than diesel fuel. NOx formation by using linseed oil during the experiment was lower than diesel fuel. Linseed oil is non edible oil, so it can be used as an extender of diesel fuel energy source for small and medium energy needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bio-fuel" title="Bio-fuel">Bio-fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exhaust%20emission" title=" exhaust emission"> exhaust emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=linseed%20oil" title=" linseed oil"> linseed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=triglyceride." title=" triglyceride."> triglyceride.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/performance-and-emission-study-of-linseed-oilas-a-fuel-for-ci-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3863</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Classification of Computer Generated Images from Photographic Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chaitanya%20Chawla">Chaitanya Chawla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Divya%20Panwar"> Divya Panwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gurneesh%20Singh%20Anand"> Gurneesh Singh Anand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20P.%20S%20Bhatia"> M. P. S Bhatia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a deep-learning mechanism for classifying computer generated images and photographic images. The proposed method accounts for a convolutional layer capable of automatically learning correlation between neighbouring pixels. In the current form, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) will learn features based on an image's content instead of the structural features of the image. The layer is particularly designed to subdue an image's content and robustly learn the sensor pattern noise features (usually inherited from image processing in a camera) as well as the statistical properties of images. The paper was assessed on latest natural and computer generated images, and it was concluded that it performs better than the current state of the art methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Image%20forensics" title="Image forensics">Image forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=computer%20graphics" title=" computer graphics"> computer graphics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20networks." title=" convolutional neural networks."> convolutional neural networks.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/classification-of-computer-generated-images-from-photographic-images-using-convolutional-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> The Impact of Seasonality on Rainfall Patterns: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Priti%20Kaushik">Priti Kaushik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Randhir%20Singh%20Baghel"> Randhir Singh Baghel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Somil%20Khandelwal"> Somil Khandelwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study uses whole-year data from Rajasthan, India, at the meteorological divisional level to analyze and evaluate long-term spatiotemporal trends in rainfall and looked at the data from each of the thirteen tehsils in the Jaipur district to see how the rainfall pattern has altered over the last 10 years. Data on daily rainfall from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) in Jaipur are available for the years 2012 through 2021. We mainly focus on comparing data of tehsil wise in the Jaipur district, Rajasthan, India. Also analyzed is the fact that July and August always see higher rainfall than any other month. Rainfall usually starts to rise around week 25th and peaks in weeks 32nd or 33rd. They showed that on several occasions, 2017 saw the least amount of rainfall during a long span of 10 years. The greatest rain fell between 2012 and 2021 in 2013, 2019, and 2020.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Data%20analysis" title="Data analysis">Data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=extreme%20events" title=" extreme events"> extreme events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=descriptive%20case%20studies" title=" descriptive case studies"> descriptive case studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=precipitation%20temperature." title=" precipitation temperature."> precipitation temperature.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/the-impact-of-seasonality-on-rainfall-patterns-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> The Whale Optimization Algorithm and Its Implementation in MATLAB</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Adhirai">S. Adhirai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20P.%20Mahapatra"> R. P. Mahapatra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paramjit%20Singh"> Paramjit Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Optimization is an important tool in making decisions and in analysing physical systems. In mathematical terms, an optimization problem is the problem of finding the best solution from among the set of all feasible solutions. The paper discusses the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and its applications in different fields. The algorithm is tested using MATLAB because of its unique and powerful features. The benchmark functions used in WOA algorithm are grouped as: unimodal (F1-F7), multimodal (F8-F13), and fixed-dimension multimodal (F14-F23). Out of these benchmark functions, we show the experimental results for F7, F11, and F19 for different number of iterations. The search space and objective space for the selected function are drawn, and finally, the best solution as well as the best optimal value of the objective function found by WOA is presented. The algorithmic results demonstrate that the WOA performs better than the state-of-the-art meta-heuristic and conventional algorithms.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Optimization" title="Optimization">Optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimal%20value" title=" optimal value"> optimal value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=objective%20function" title=" objective function"> objective function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimization%20problems" title=" optimization problems"> optimization problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=meta-heuristic%20optimization%20algorithms" title=" meta-heuristic optimization algorithms"> meta-heuristic optimization algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Whale%20Optimization%20Algorithm" title=" Whale Optimization Algorithm"> Whale Optimization Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Implementation" title=" Implementation"> Implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MATLAB." title=" MATLAB."> MATLAB.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/the-whale-optimization-algorithm-and-its-implementation-in-matlab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2933</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> To Study the Parametric Effects on Optimality of Various Feeding Sequences of a Multieffect Evaporators in Paper Industry using Mathematical Modeling and Simulation with MATLAB</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Deepak%20Kumar">Deepak Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vivek%20Kumar"> Vivek Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20P.%20Singh"> V. P. Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a steady state model of a multiple effect evaporator system for simulation and control purposes. The model includes overall as well as component mass balance equations, energy balance equations and heat transfer rate equations for area calculations for all the effects. Each effect in the process is represented by a number of variables which are related by the energy and material balance equations for the feed, product and vapor flow for backward, mixed and split feed. For simulation 'fsolve' solver in MATLAB source code is used. The optimality of three sequences i.e. backward, mixed and splitting feed is studied by varying the various input parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MATLAB%20%22fsolve%22%20solver" title="MATLAB "fsolve" solver">MATLAB "fsolve" solver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multiple%20effectevaporators" title=" multiple effectevaporators"> multiple effectevaporators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=black%20liquor" title=" black liquor"> black liquor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=feeding%20sequences." title=" feeding sequences."> feeding sequences.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/to-study-the-parametric-effects-on-optimality-of-various-feeding-sequences-of-a-multieffect-evaporators-in-paper-industry-using-mathematical-modeling-and-simulation-with-matlab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> Near Perfect Reconstruction Quadrature Mirror Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Kumar">A. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20K.%20Singh"> G. K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20S.%20Anand"> R. S. Anand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, various algorithms for designing quadrature mirror filter are reviewed and a new algorithm is presented for the design of near perfect reconstruction quadrature mirror filter bank. In the proposed algorithm, objective function is formulated using the perfect reconstruction condition or magnitude response condition of prototype filter at frequency (ω = 0.5π) in ideal condition. The cutoff frequency is iteratively changed to adjust the filters coefficients using optimization algorithm. The performances of the proposed algorithm are evaluated in term of computation time, reconstruction error and number of iterations. The design examples illustrate that the proposed algorithm is superior in term of peak reconstruction error, computation time, and number of iterations. The proposed algorithm is simple, easy to implement, and linear in nature.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aliasing%20cancellations%20filter%20bank" title="Aliasing cancellations filter bank">Aliasing cancellations filter bank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Filter%20banks" title=" Filter banks"> Filter banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quadrature%20mirror%20filter%20%28QMF%29" title="quadrature mirror filter (QMF)">quadrature mirror filter (QMF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=subband%20coding." title=" subband coding."> subband coding.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4118/near-perfect-reconstruction-quadrature-mirror-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4118/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a 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