CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91360c721c008982',cH: 'KiUwulw5gIPSVJg657us3PFD3A59pbEV6gfF7HPaSxU-1739798152-1.2.1.1-gnu1LcyhC0h4S0JMzwQdIaTgQF7edNvNWHye2cU4wHoePDtR.TlEo7fshHLHe92z',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Western%20instruments&__cf_chl_tk=qRXD.1dOBN4rvuy572S4P091ZqI6b6VjSJhSPZi0hZ4-1739798152-1.0.1.1-BHk2H3fu11x_qcsBZzRM_CivGpdbgl4arebdgamBXzc",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739798152',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Western%20instruments&__cf_chl_f_tk=qRXD.1dOBN4rvuy572S4P091ZqI6b6VjSJhSPZi0hZ4-1739798152-1.0.1.1-BHk2H3fu11x_qcsBZzRM_CivGpdbgl4arebdgamBXzc",md: "aNmWYE7os_KleOHJEWde4JCEXdjnPzHVP3bbquASFXo-1739798152-1.2.1.1-ozFu6wZIzl8GUDR0mmf.WC062F4kADVjxKVzbN3fLO7mXrEv54v6qg2ALGqbjwX98mY.pjhcChGcWixIxC_Q8nOLbJ.pfQcoeqjXR3cc2iKhJNfWRSO..LK2NPZxtaXMKUUlf9iKBaGXTtcCLgTvS2CCjsLXFE15hQhO8yqckj6vudX3X_XkS_wnLsMV1ZabZUk11VuvDSELvFyLQzwlvJ6mHEftWmqBj9EmQ00uQIG.4I1yufeGHsoddqy30uOY730JUWJk3lxNFJ1lw_zOxf500ZymoClLj00f5bitznY7vZOeqClA2Do0fGpfIsky9U571xvDHN2wqoGXJ8Pe4FgdnvWW_I9V4w6xcGNlbQn4KDgItKOO4Y_4HCB3GUfj0F.CnLnIAMbeGvhexIbTRgclgt6Hr9PBOrN9berAtIL9RcpslPpn3H9vNWlyW4qsw1D1oAg52XhPY53awxnFcvsWkjcTHW8DZhQ_a9rIWrmJFAblV_YM2KOrhPj_L4JxQAq0ovBiHMccyj9H0L0nc2HNZzjr1upaDZbmoPcyDXp87e1ONC2_xgLaL654HC5V43Q3PryzzUOpGvKRzR71_WhLbLjJvW8YIzgWVzMK1JX6VDSB.QiCe2F.2oaghtdRwlg.WcGBO7osmMUSlN2QV4Yx8e3rVOxCnPe_A3kSJujnxQO5Vms.XunoHpZRK1WEel4wX9hsd0d8FS.maezUNS9kJFkFeR_1xk5pUz0E6JPhFCBmqTvGuNifyDW8VB2DjtKdSr1ZKdEqFzkIGCck3u1kEIk3m9ipSqj_DYs8KyybrWkDNYyKsQp.DVb6.ePhbOGwWSOTKWAhAKX0PuxioJxFeKkFg12XXyjL2z_XQm7BiRjmyH8BHlAJy4lFg.shf05zJGzNeb2t4wYM0pAhSUWHFkAKJ1BSbDgPAz9Z6QlQgqqMNdj1mW.E8mMUJZj9J7YNq0rGLLYHDZfmTU.AUCeXZPodbVhUsMOeRmkQWHW_t_L2PxuSXEyMYdbP1iNodgtgEeF_O32jaqtrznjmxYwVG_AqL_B6mnc_IJzCdKRUkSJFb5cMA_4ZAXropFTfYWZraLoFzCH_jGLnXaQEzZeeVrEC_vSHXnT3vk3riPHBaUpkAfWyW3vB_XtypicEC_mCL.5QZJ7gkh.qfnTyXTuKm2SZxeYmjuWMaMwuDl_RHXM.Ifrj9Fc.ewJhNswqYFRGs20XmLtx16_YW0NIIlOLajH61FHnRy8X5GZh5i9JGUUcoJJygJw6Ptor.DcX.4vQzJg.iDu44zVbYZ.AfncQ29s0nI1ER9ZRtij.qFgNLYmwKuobdRiPYI0x_sdqPR13Uyyp_vmvbTnVuFyIPzV36d6hKyVNLWWrj3I5DB8XmhbH83ZgCa6ThNZGPvlyPDlVTM0zki6RTVx6v9MG_l5.DRYiY3DrElYqbeFnygGbOIBI3IVPqp6c2EJ.3OwyQfh1zeWXUxAfeMwK0adasshtMhIoyXGT6TjNFHW.ICTMFeOv2T0oMSqx5lee6S037Uy.v_OJpR_UmHot1Jk0co3e_sqlvaZj0qp2raO.mocjN6MV0pB9CojSH3ZAFVbRku76Z5PjbzSjtpK88D_tM5gzovcvCvZFCVyggqOAPYJ.F0p.yt2V0MUcnz5f0cidsdi4iWmDrE5QQOwgq4aJ4oLNHl.gYdqt5hSapasw0PpcA5dpIjvR7hj7r7RMEVIdXoycjNb5PzeFlfJYW8ZWHtLzwiBU4EGrhSBFM86jLu3bFuQ5mNSA9N5K6WDj2q3Od.IDYivr3zKt4sVr6_ovY0p1w0ecd_XP0Ou2ofwyOWXlmHY7wC5fekz_.ZjfQ22fRcC7LOQcZgYYMwIspK2SGfHkYYWYMw72_TduORxqZCciOsfRu3TWNOcwqgitR4KpjGjjh7Ymsp0DbeFB0zzxkjhxVPWPBptNoTn_e95gigl7kSA3HDej_9yPAkof_QNu",mdrd: "9urCamqtiTlmaTM_CYcYD1.zwcNK.4gWEBTfGzj.y_Y-1739798152-1.2.1.1-nsJ_G_Y0K6ZtuyuQXi5_tMFBHoDXwPY1Fl27GKXwUWEdO.h6do25AUD_stTlPqolIj819J.hm_QZhSzsKqX2JLnHJmk1wUE_m3qKgypF89kaV8Qsb6gCIHYKiWQy8RF0AnT2Z4SJ3943n4HzQaOfjhFuGTqshlyI73TvAhmO.dTc95jYFdazIfWuL3x1PMhDxilRmnkl2jH_0MtCpP1rtL6eOKNSuE9rfqsYJIU3lSyu_Xdshy7WcFYePQkc9oNnCatZJkhRcwm.TXJlf0jDaiqJUufn_rvG6Mpm8Lc0ZstyJnLbuNnUhTL3LTBWC6NGzeA1sGR.ddFcqUmgMGZCHFoySq_CzTFCRxlyhD.kQG0CKVwiKK_vldcNutjjm6T9lu2ysDX2_sPSWiapZ_oE6Osiz8Xc3Rkw8abL.5P5OYJez9YUmJqG8ryyjhBBEojyK8.U6Avw38eh13ClG7o4E52k1JsqJMQsdmNPTzL.vBNuwvecCFBemMchyOtrkvLzHsZa3BFevIF4Zw._cuQ3Ntma2Cy_gyefkL8cyNxrJcpWoM5SxWxh4H4pt0EITe5IlUBTJANoLc1rTxOgQnpvRsjwoaULyPnOyiT_mOkecPw2w7x4evS3QPVjFjTRnPdOnc78F_wJKlzHdQWIeyGmWYwlQSfAA4uNDJ_q3c_pGEIa1fCsrVj_dZWKIWPf1oKd9ytjV8cAt58loDlV2qsNMWrSoAI_uXSUJvtKZL_BXQ9dUUL1FSSY.r3Qn3sjLGYNqHPw.yxUyu.Qj4vqOBS3enKXDX2_xlwyWMdmxGHnERwIXg46jcBJ5YpNcX2cj.4KiRQnJRini.IuTXjVYEhQeY0sWN1jjS9rm53k58UZypbMKxz95NxqWM.W3q1n6Rd4yMSOX24gQGCxQOb4lVJwpAz5cOrc4Jlw_FNlTFMsXh9phAXHMFFLtrCvzVYfBc1dTMq22RnKQvx8EDI94vtgYLAubTYA8XQwwVmr71OwXIzSz8XU2VAz6lms8KdRtGV7EG4gStCBKR7QtlHkewXRi_E31GOIFsKFKxThYL_xYmKZVugZgKjPxBYZ1Ud5ByDhCsJgPoxGj8rlXV4HOIfq3Mye60VJHHTPFyDV7LeJQKT.sdMS93QZ_jt77HbgvAW8baFiK_mwQ0s._xIcG9fcE65HT4VZIiCUVgGBzzNFdZyKI3Zx_Zgn3Efuze2yZh9fccOfuQSkyZ5r0PX_EUDPRgouGZq_eWBMX_wpHnVw3_ECyOwQXgl_KtofPct7ctGZ7qSyG5MEzYYGTjU0gBotF6lMOnh9Rd8Sknz9B.d0M49iO8c9D2bNzBVCL9jTbAOduWkCA75sbbxgkp92fmrFyFU25WCs2CwcmY.H3Ia9B5a9HwwTdMPskB0ym1MhtaDkR0dX1mODiEUcgz594R2_6he6ZxWWaWNzbhBZmz_AJfXPCilpf.wryREVlZehRl8kqjUN64b5rINR81w18RzXFIZpcTHsorPXYp9omJgQ1tKKO4MZ26xqY_ZIopUvPpJk.ap3NvbVotzCR5rZ7RBb.9G021AcY4YDPMiLMMRkKLY_MZjVPUnj5AJ8pWF6bIqla9cHlmCt7Pu7SzKFbBS0rvXt45YfGFgsl15qceKxjyvOeAcnvsEb0G8DQsp3IUK14NVhJDrJVs_Zwoij1SSCGBr0xvFRD.1pwEeYja6y_17p0EnqRW7anDSktiVghIurXsKrQWlc.8NB4jBg_b4ECsezTLbvrOs_BapromzI8J4FLNN9MFi07WjX8WwPtrxbPJhDFhuhUdERy902AYezS0xLPMzmIzh_SH7ls0zphedov1kvfc_aArcOuPDhcgHSkG4oE7QxSVjKrl3dEtF1SnOnJe3e_bn9VYHnFaKU5i0rZLhiv.cUpct5mNhtZV82kOQhzYX1K2eM2DNdfy3Y0ZGU.X2E8msUpQ2dhUUtyPt7U8LgpRTG_zLLTBnKelXh"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91360c721c008982';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Western%20instruments&__cf_chl_rt_tk=qRXD.1dOBN4rvuy572S4P091ZqI6b6VjSJhSPZi0hZ4-1739798152-1.0.1.1-BHk2H3fu11x_qcsBZzRM_CivGpdbgl4arebdgamBXzc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>