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border-bottom-width: 1px; font-size:95%; margin-bottom:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="Vorlage_Dieser_Artikel"><div class="noviewer noresize" style="display: table-cell; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.25em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 0.2em; vertical-align: middle;" id="bksicon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/25px-Disambig-dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/38px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/50px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="340" /></span></span></div> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div role="navigation"> Dieser Artikel behandelt die Provinz in China. Zu weiteren Bedeutungen siehe <a href="/wiki/Hainan_(Begriffskl%C3%A4rung)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hainan (Begriffsklärung)">Hainan (Begriffsklärung)</a>.</div> </div></div> <table class="wikitable infobox float-right" style="width:300px"> <caption style="font-size:larger"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r184932629">.mw-parser-output .Hans{font-size:110%}</style><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">海南省</span><br />Hǎinán Shěng </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:3px solid gray; font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><i><a href="/wiki/Abk%C3%BCrzung" title="Abkürzung">Abkürzung</a>:</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">琼/瓊</span> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a>: Qióng)</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hauptstadt" title="Hauptstadt">Hauptstadt</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A4cheninhalt" title="Flächeninhalt">Fläche</a><br /> <p> – Gesamt<br />  – Anteil an der <br /><a href="/wiki/Volksrepublik_China" title="Volksrepublik China">VR China</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liste_der_Verwaltungseinheiten_der_Volksrepublik_China_nach_Fl%C3%A4che" title="Liste der Verwaltungseinheiten der Volksrepublik China nach Fläche">Rang 28 von 33</a><br /> <p>33.920 <a href="/wiki/Quadratkilometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadratkilometer">km²</a><br /> 0,353 %<br />   </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bev%C3%B6lkerung" title="Bevölkerung">Bevölkerung</a> <p> – Gesamt 2020 <br />  – <a href="/wiki/Bev%C3%B6lkerungsdichte" title="Bevölkerungsdichte">Dichte</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liste_der_Verwaltungseinheiten_der_Volksrepublik_China_nach_Einwohnerzahl" title="Liste der Verwaltungseinheiten der Volksrepublik China nach Einwohnerzahl">Rang 28 von 33</a> <p>10.081.232 Einwohner <br /> 297 Einwohner/km² </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Verwaltungstyp</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Verwaltungsgliederung_der_Volksrepublik_China#Provinz" title="Verwaltungsgliederung der Volksrepublik China">Provinz</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gouverneur_(Volksrepublik_China)" title="Gouverneur (Volksrepublik China)">Gouverneur</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shen_Xiaoming" title="Shen Xiaoming">Shen Xiaoming</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><figure class="noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Lage von Hǎinán Shěng in China"><img alt="Lage von Hǎinán Shěng in China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hainan_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/299px-Hainan_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="299" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hainan_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/449px-Hainan_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, 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coords="216,15,219,19,216,21,218,23,221,21,223,24,224,27,230,27,233,25,236,27,234,32,234,36,234,41,233,44,230,45,227,49,226,52,228,53,229,54,230,57,233,58,235,58,235,60,237,61,240,61,242,61,245,61,249,62,251,62,251,64,253,65,254,65,254,63,257,64,258,66,260,68,261,67,263,65,263,65,267,65,268,65,268,60,265,56,266,55,273,55,274,52,275,33,262,39,260,41,255,34,249,32,243,32,242,29,238,22,235,17,229,14,225,13,219,12" alt="Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang" /><area href="/wiki/Gansu" shape="poly" coords="114,85,114,91,109,91,106,93,102,97,99,99,96,101,96,103,97,106,102,107,108,108,113,111,115,113,115,107,121,108,126,110,129,112,134,115,137,117,140,119,142,122,143,124,143,126,143,129,141,133,140,135,139,136,139,138,139,139,133,138,134,142,136,144,138,146,140,145,141,141,141,139,143,139,146,140,148,141,149,142,150,145,151,147,153,148,155,147,157,146,159,145,161,143,161,142,161,140,162,137,162,134,162,133,166,134,167,134,168,132,171,132,171,128,171,126,165,122,161,124,162,126,163,127,164,129,164,129,162,130,162,132,160,132,157,131,155,129,155,126,152,121,149,119,148,118,146,116,147,114,149,112,150,109,148,107,143,107,142,108,141,109,139,111,137,112,133,108,130,105,129,104,130,102,131,100,124,96,122,97,122,97,120,93,120,89,118,85,113,88,113,90" alt="Gansu" title="Gansu" /><area href="/wiki/Qinghai" shape="poly" coords="84,108,85,113,88,116,87,118,85,119,87,123,86,124,82,122,78,125,79,137,81,142,84,140,89,143,95,146,101,147,103,148,105,150,106,153,110,153,114,151,115,148,115,145,116,142,115,140,115,140,120,139,123,142,125,146,128,146,131,147,134,147,134,144,136,144,137,142,134,141,132,138,134,138,140,139,140,137,137,136,144,129,144,126,142,120,138,117,127,110,124,109,122,110,118,108,115,112,108,106" alt="Qinghai" title="Qinghai" /><area href="/wiki/Xinjiang" shape="poly" coords="11,83,8,89,11,90,12,93,12,97,12,99,10,100,10,101,13,104,14,106,18,109,21,113,25,113,30,113,31,116,34,117,39,119,43,120,44,118,47,120,51,121,59,121,63,121,64,118,72,119,79,120,83,123,87,124,85,120,85,119,88,117,86,114,84,111,84,108,97,106,98,101,98,97,100,97,107,90,110,90,112,89,114,86,115,84,112,81,112,76,106,73,101,69,95,68,90,66,93,63,93,59,93,53,92,51,88,49,86,47,83,45,83,43,82,43,80,43,77,45,76,46,73,49,72,53,71,54,69,54,64,52,56,62,51,61,47,61,46,64,45,71,45,73,43,77,35,81,30,82,28,81,25,84,22,84,19,82" alt="Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang" /><area href="/wiki/Innere_Mongolei" shape="poly" coords="118,86,122,92,120,94,123,98,123,101,127,98,131,98,129,102,128,105,135,108,138,111,139,111,139,110,140,108,144,109,147,108,150,107,151,110,149,112,147,115,147,118,151,119,153,120,157,117,158,114,158,108,163,107,164,111,162,113,167,115,171,117,172,115,176,107,181,106,184,105,187,102,189,100,193,100,194,98,196,97,195,92,196,90,198,88,201,91,204,88,207,87,207,86,209,84,212,86,214,89,215,90,219,91,220,89,219,85,218,83,220,83,221,85,236,75,233,69,230,71,226,67,226,65,226,63,224,62,225,60,227,59,228,59,229,58,230,54,224,51,234,41,236,26,232,24,231,27,226,27,223,27,222,23,221,21,218,24,216,21,217,18,215,17,212,22,215,23,212,29,211,35,211,37,207,41,205,43,201,41,196,53,203,53,206,52,208,50,213,53,217,56,216,58,210,58,207,59,204,62,202,64,201,66,199,69,195,69,192,71,192,73,191,73,187,72,184,71,183,75,184,79,177,86,174,88,168,88,163,89,159,90,154,93,153,95,151,93,150,93,147,92,143,90,141,89,139,89,137,88,134,87,129,87" alt="Innere Mongolei" title="Innere Mongolei" /></map><figcaption>Lage von Hǎinán Shěng in China</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2" title="ISO 3166-2">ISO-3166-2</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CN" title="ISO 3166-2:CN">CN-HI</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Verwaltungsgliederung_der_Volksrepublik_China#Bezirksebene" title="Verwaltungsgliederung der Volksrepublik China">Bezirksebene</a></td> <td>4 Städte </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Verwaltungsgliederung_der_Volksrepublik_China#Kreisebene" title="Verwaltungsgliederung der Volksrepublik China">Kreisebene</a></td> <td>6 Autonome Kreise, 5 Städte, 4 Kreise, 8 Stadtbezirke </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Verwaltungsgliederung_der_Volksrepublik_China#Gemeindeebene" title="Verwaltungsgliederung der Volksrepublik China">Gemeindeebene</a></td> <td>175 Großgemeinden, 21 Gemeinden, 22 Straßenviertel </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg/270px-Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg/405px-Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg/540px-Hainan_NASA_Terra_MODIS_2020-11-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1553" data-file-height="1349" /></a><figcaption>Hainan, aufgenommen am 13. November 2020 vom Satelliten <i><a href="/wiki/Terra_(Satellit)" title="Terra (Satellit)">Terra</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Hainan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinesische_Schrift" title="Chinesische Schrift">chinesisch</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r184932623">.mw-parser-output .Hani{font-size:110%}</style><span lang="zh-Hani" class="Hani">海南省</span>, <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a> <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Hǎinán Shěng</span></i>) <span class="navigation-not-searchable" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d6\/Zh-Hainan.ogg\/Zh-Hainan.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span style=\"white-space:initial;\">Aussprache<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"de","wikibase":"","file":"Zh-Hainan.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/Zh-Hainan.ogg/Zh-Hainan.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Audio abspielen" title="Audio abspielen" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span style="white-space:initial;">Aussprache</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Zh-Hainan.ogg" title="Datei:Zh-Hainan.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span><sup class="noprint">/<a href="/wiki/Hilfe:Audio" title="Hilfe:Audio"><span title="Hilfe – Audio">?</span></a></sup></span> ist seit 1988 eine <a href="/wiki/Provinz_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinz (China)">Provinz</a> im Süden der <a href="/wiki/Volksrepublik_China" title="Volksrepublik China">Volksrepublik China</a>, die aus verschiedenen Inseln besteht. Zuvor war die südlichste Provinz der Volksrepublik ein administrativer Teil der Provinz <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> (Kanton) gewesen. Die größte der Inseln heißt ebenfalls <a href="/wiki/Hainan_(Insel)" title="Hainan (Insel)">Hainan</a> und umfasst 97 % der Fläche der Provinz. Häufig fällt im Zusammenhang mit Hainan auch die Bezeichnung „Hawaii von China“.<sup id="cite_ref-SPON-646728_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPON-646728-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="de" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Geographie"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geographie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Klima"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Klima</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Geschichte"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Geschichte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Administrative_Gliederung"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Administrative Gliederung</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Größte_Städte"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Größte Städte</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Bevölkerung"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Bevölkerung</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Wirtschaft"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Wirtschaft</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Militärstandorte"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Militärstandorte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Raumfahrt"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Raumfahrt</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Tourismus"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Tourismus</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Literatur"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Literatur</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Weblinks"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Weblinks</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Einzelnachweise"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Einzelnachweise</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographie">Geographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Geographie"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die Insel <i>Hainan</i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r184932626">.mw-parser-output .Hant{font-size:110%}</style><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">海南島</span> / <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">海南岛</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Hǎinán Dǎo</span></i> – „Südseeinsel“) liegt im <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCdchinesisches_Meer" title="Südchinesisches Meer">Südchinesischen Meer</a> und ist über die ca. 15 bis 30 km breite und durchschnittlich 44 m tiefe <a href="/wiki/Stra%C3%9Fe_von_Qiongzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Straße von Qiongzhou">Hainanstraße (Straße von Qiongzhou)</a> vom chinesischen Festland abgetrennt. Hainan hat eine Ost-West-Ausdehnung von etwa 210 Kilometern, eine Nord-Süd-Ausdehnung von 165 Kilometern und eine Fläche von 33.920 km². Flächenmäßig ist sie ungefähr halb so groß wie die Insel Ceylon (<a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>) und etwas kleiner als <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_(Insel)" title="Taiwan (Insel)">Taiwan</a>. Sie ist damit die zweitgrößte Insel der chinesisch geprägten Welt und die größte der Volksrepublik China. Ihre Lage zwischen dem 18. und 20. nördlichen Längengrad hat sie gemeinsam mit <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuba" title="Kuba">Kuba</a> und <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>. Die Insel ist von einer etwa 288 km langen Bergkette durchzogen, die von Nordosten nach Südwesten verläuft. Die höchste Erhebung findet sich mit 1867 m im Bereich des <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wuzhishan_(Berg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wuzhishan (Berg) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Wuzhishan</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">五指山</span> – „Fünf-Finger-Berg“). Es gibt 81 Gipfel, die eine Höhe über 900 m erreichen, und sechs, die über 1350 m hoch sind. Die großen Ebenen erstrecken sich entlang der Küste, insbesondere im Nordosten, wo sie eine Breite von 1 bis 9 Kilometern haben. Die Länge der Küstenlinie beträgt 1528 Kilometer. Etwa 25,4 % der Fläche Hainans sind von Bergen bedeckt, 13,3 % von Hügeln, 32,6 % von Terrassen und 28,7 % von Ebenen. In den Bergen entspringen 154 Fließgewässer, von denen aber nur drei größere, nicht schiffbare Flüsse bilden: Nandu (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">南渡江</span>), Wanquan (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">万泉河</span>) und Changhua (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">昌化江</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-new_province_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new_province-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zur Provinz Hainan gehören noch die <a href="/wiki/Zhongsha-Inseln" title="Zhongsha-Inseln">Zhongsha-Inseln</a>, die <a href="/wiki/Paracel-Inseln" title="Paracel-Inseln">Paracel-Inseln</a> und die <a href="/wiki/Spratly-Inseln" title="Spratly-Inseln">Spratly-Inseln</a>, wobei diese Inselgruppen auch von <a href="/wiki/Republik_China_(Taiwan)" title="Republik China (Taiwan)">Taiwan</a> und <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> beansprucht werden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klima">Klima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Klima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Klima"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Hainan herrscht über das gesamte Jahr ein tropisches Klima. Die im Jahresverlauf auftretenden Temperaturunterschiede fallen eher gering aus. Während die Temperatur von Mai bis September durchschnittlich zwischen 25 Grad Celsius und 32 Grad Celsius schwankt, variiert sie von November bis Februar zwischen 15 Grad Celsius und 21 Grad Celsius.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Monate Juni bis September sind mit etwa neun Regentagen im Monat die regenreichsten Monate. Die restliche Zeit über regnet es an etwa ein bis fünf Tagen im Monat. Der Jahresniederschlag liegt bei 1639 mm. Im Osten der Insel ist er deutlich höher (2000 bis 2400 mm) als im Westen (1000 bis 1200 mm). Etwa 80 Prozent des Jahresniederschlags gehen in der Regenzeit in den Monaten des <a href="/wiki/Monsun" title="Monsun">Monsuns</a> Mai bis September nieder. Zwischen Juni und Oktober können <a href="/wiki/Taifun" title="Taifun">Taifune</a> auftreten, am häufigsten im August und September. Auf Hainan treten relativ starke Winde auf, vor allem im Westen der Insel, mit Windgeschwindigkeiten von 3,8 bis 4,7 m/s.<sup id="cite_ref-new_province_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new_province-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geschichte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Geschichte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Während der <a href="/wiki/Letzte_Kaltzeit" title="Letzte Kaltzeit">letzten Kaltzeit</a> lag der Meeresspiegel tiefer als heute und Hainan war über eine Landbrücke mit dem chinesischen Festland und dem nördlichen <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> verbunden. Mit dem Ansteigen des Meeresspiegels wurde Hainan etwa vor 6000 Jahren zu einer Insel. <a href="/wiki/Jungsteinzeit" title="Jungsteinzeit">Neolithische</a> Funde von Keramik und Steingut an den Fundstellen Yingdun (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">英墩</span>) in <a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a>, im Stadtbezirk <a href="/wiki/Haitang" title="Haitang">Haitang</a> von <a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a>, am Berg Qiaoshan (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">桥山</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Qiáoshān</span></i>) und an der Lianziwan-Bucht (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932626"><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">蓮子灣</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Liánziwān</span></i>) im Kreis <a href="/wiki/Lingshui" title="Lingshui">Lingshui</a> wurden auf die Zeit zwischen 6000 und 3000 v. Chr. datiert.<sup id="cite_ref-Croddy_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croddy-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die ersten neuzeitlichen menschlichen Bewohner der Insel waren vermutlich Angehörige der Ethnie der Li.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schon zur Zeit der <a href="/wiki/Han-Dynastie" title="Han-Dynastie">Han-Dynastie</a> (206 v. Chr. bis 220 n. Chr.) gab es zwischen 110 und 46 v. Chr. eine chinesische Militärgarnison in Zhuya (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">珠崖郡</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Zhūyá jùn</span></i>) nahe dem heutigen <a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a>, und der nordöstliche Teil Hainans wurde als <i>Kreis Dan’er</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">儋耳郡</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Dàn’ĕr jùn</span></i>) als chinesisches Hoheitsgebiet verwaltet. Im Jahr 46 v. Chr. wurde die chinesische Militärpräsenz auf der Insel aufgrund zu hoher Kosten wieder aufgegeben.<sup id="cite_ref-Croddy_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croddy-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unter dem General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Bode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Bode (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Lu Bode</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">路博德</span>) wurden die südchinesischen Küstenstreifen befriedet. Darunter fiel im Jahre 110 v. Chr. auch Hainan.<sup id="cite_ref-BEiswaldt_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BEiswaldt-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Während der <a href="/wiki/%C3%96stliche_Han-Dynastie" title="Östliche Han-Dynastie">östlichen Han-Dynastie</a> (25–220 n. Chr.) war die Insel als „Zhuya-Staat“ (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932623"><span lang="zh-Hani" class="Hani">朱崖洲</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Zhūyá zhōu</span></i>) bekannt, aber nicht unter dauerhafter chinesischer Kontrolle. Während der <a href="/wiki/Tang-Dynastie" title="Tang-Dynastie">Tang-Dynastie</a> (631 n. Chr.) wurde die Kreisverwaltung Qiongzhou (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932626"><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">瓊州</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Qióng zhōu</span></i>) nahe dem heutigen Haikou eingerichtet. Hiervon leitet sich die spätere Abkürzung (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932626"><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">瓊</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Qióng</span></i>) für Hainan ab. Im Jahr 741 war Hainan in vier Kreise eingeteilt (Yazhou <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">崖州</span>, Wan’anzhou <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932626"><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">萬安州</span>, Zhenzhou <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">振州</span> und Danzhou <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">儋州</span>). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg/220px-Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg/330px-Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg/440px-Five_officials_haikou_2010_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tempel_der_F%C3%BCnf_Beamten" title="Tempel der Fünf Beamten">Tempel der Fünf Beamten</a> in Haikou zur Erinnerung an fünf nach Hainan verbannte Staatsbedienstete</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Hainanshengquantu.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hainanshengquantu.JPG/270px-Hainanshengquantu.JPG" decoding="async" width="270" height="384" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hainanshengquantu.JPG/405px-Hainanshengquantu.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Hainanshengquantu.JPG 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Verwaltungsgebiet der Provinz Hainan (in chinesischer Lesart) – die Hoheit über die Inseln im Südchinesischen Meer wird von anderen Staaten nicht anerkannt</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Hainan_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Hainan_1.JPG/220px-Hainan_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Hainan_1.JPG/330px-Hainan_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Hainan_1.JPG/440px-Hainan_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya (Hainan)</a>, 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>Lange Zeit galt die Insel als unwirtlicher Ort, mit einem ungesunden Tropenklima, feindlichen Eingeborenen, und als „Region tropischer <a href="/wiki/Miasma" title="Miasma">Miasmen</a>“ (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932626"><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">瘴癘地區</span>, <i><span lang="zh-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Zhànglì dìqū</span></i>), und diente auch als Verbannungsort von unliebsamen Politikern oder Intellektuellen. Beispielsweise verbrachte der Dichter <a href="/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi">Su Shi</a> († 1101) hier einige Jahre in der Verbannung. Während der <a href="/wiki/Song-Dynastie" title="Song-Dynastie">Song-Dynastie</a> gab es die erste größere Einwanderungswelle von <a href="/wiki/Han_(Ethnie)" title="Han (Ethnie)">Han</a>-Chinesen vom Festland. Um das Jahr 1400, zur Zeit der <a href="/wiki/Ming-Dynastie" title="Ming-Dynastie">Ming-Dynastie</a>, betrug die Einwohnerzahl der Insel etwa 300.000. Später kam die Insel unter die direkte Jurisdiktion der chinesischen Provinz <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Croddy_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croddy-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In den Jahren 1939 bis 1945, während des <a href="/wiki/Zweiter_Japanisch-Chinesischer_Krieg" title="Zweiter Japanisch-Chinesischer Krieg">Zweiten Japanisch-Chinesischen Krieges</a>, war Hainan japanisch besetzt. Am Ende des <a href="/wiki/Chinesischer_B%C3%BCrgerkrieg" title="Chinesischer Bürgerkrieg">Chinesischen Bürgerkriegs</a> war die Insel ein letzter Rückzugsort der <a href="/wiki/Republik_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republik China (1912–1949)">nationalchinesischen</a> <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>-Regierung, wurde jedoch im Mai 1950 von den Kommunisten erobert. Damit endeten die letzten größeren Kampfhandlungen des <a href="/wiki/Chinesischer_B%C3%BCrgerkrieg" title="Chinesischer Bürgerkrieg">Chinesischen Bürgerkrieges</a>. Unter kommunistischer Herrschaft erlebte Hainan eine schwere Hungersnot und Gewalttätigkeiten während der Zeit des „<a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fer_Sprung_nach_vorn" title="Großer Sprung nach vorn">großen Sprungs nach vorn</a>“ 1958–1962.<sup id="cite_ref-Croddy_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croddy-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hainan wurde mit der Ernennung einer Provinzregierung am 26. April 1988 zu einer eigenständigen Provinz und zugleich zu Chinas größter wirtschaftlicher Sonderzone. Da die Volksrepublik China, wie auch die Vereinten Nationen und fast alle Staaten der Welt, die Insel Taiwan als eigenständigen Staat nicht anerkennt, wird Hainan offiziell als die zweitgrößte Insel der Volksrepublik China geführt, mit einer Größe, die nur etwas geringer ist als die Taiwans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_Gliederung">Administrative Gliederung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Administrative Gliederung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Administrative Gliederung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In der Provinz Hainan gab es bei der Volkszählung 2020 vier <a href="/wiki/Bezirksfreie_Stadt" title="Bezirksfreie Stadt">bezirksfreie Städte</a>. Von diesen waren zwei, die Hauptstadt <a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a> und die Stadt <a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a>, noch weiter in jeweils vier <a href="/wiki/Stadtbezirk_(China)" title="Stadtbezirk (China)">Stadtbezirke</a> unterteilt. Im April wurde auch die bezirksfreie Stadt <a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a> in zwei Stadtbezirke eingeteilt,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so dass danach zehn Stadtbezirke existierten. Die vierte bezirksfreie Stadt, <a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a>, war nicht weiter in Stadtbezirke eingeteilt. </p><p>Außer den zehn Stadtbezirken unterstehen alle anderen 15 Verwaltungseinheiten auf Kreisebene direkt der Provinzregierung. Es sind dies fünf <a href="/wiki/Kreisfreie_Stadt_(China)" title="Kreisfreie Stadt (China)">kreisfreie Städte</a>, vier <a href="/wiki/Kreis_(China)" title="Kreis (China)">Kreise</a>, und sechs <a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis_(China)" title="Autonomer Kreis (China)">autonome Kreise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Jahr 2020 umfasste die Provinz 22 <a href="/wiki/Stra%C3%9Fenviertel" title="Straßenviertel">Straßenviertel</a>, 175 <a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fgemeinde_(China)" title="Großgemeinde (China)">Großgemeinden</a> und 21 Landgemeinden (乡).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Verwaltungsgliederung der Provinz Hainan </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Region </th> <th>Chin. </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a> </th> <th>Fläche<br />(km²) </th> <th>Einwohner<br />(2020)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Verwaltungs-<br />sitz </th></tr> <tr> <td>Hainan</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">海南省</span></td> <td>Hǎinán Shěng</td> <td style="text-align:right">35.177,22</td> <td style="text-align:right">10.081.232</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="background:lightblue;text-align:center;font-weight:bold">— Bezirksfreie Städte — </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">海口市</span></td> <td>Hǎikǒu Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.284,27</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.873.358</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiuying" title="Xiuying">Xiuying</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">三亚市</span></td> <td>Sānyà Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.918,37</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.031.396</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiyang_(Sanya)" title="Jiyang (Sanya)">Jiyang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">三沙市</span></td> <td>Sānshā Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">13<sup id="cite_ref-Anm1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anm1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td style="text-align:right">2.333</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xisha_(Sansha)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xisha (Sansha) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Xisha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">儋州市</span></td> <td>Dānzhōu Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">3.394,41</td> <td style="text-align:right">954.259</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nada_(Danzhou)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nada (Danzhou) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Nada</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="background:lightgreen;text-align:center;font-weight:bold">— Städte auf Kreisebene — </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan" title="Wuzhishan">Wuzhishan</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">五指山市</span></td> <td>Wǔzhǐshān Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.130,81</td> <td style="text-align:right">112.269</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tongshi_(Wuzhishan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tongshi (Wuzhishan) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Tongshi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai">Qionghai</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">琼海市</span></td> <td>Qiónghǎi Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.710,14</td> <td style="text-align:right">528.238</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiaji" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiaji">Jiaji</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang">Wenchang</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">文昌市</span></td> <td>Wénchāng Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.459,18</td> <td style="text-align:right">560.894</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wencheng" title="Wencheng">Wencheng</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning">Wanning</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">万宁市</span></td> <td>Wànníng Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.899,86</td> <td style="text-align:right">545.992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wancheng" title="Wancheng">Wancheng</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongfang" title="Dongfang">Dongfang</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">东方市</span></td> <td>Dōngfāng Shì</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.272,62</td> <td style="text-align:right">444.458</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basuo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basuo (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Basuo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="background:lightgreen;text-align:center;font-weight:bold">— Landkreise — </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ding%E2%80%99an" title="Ding’an">Ding’an</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">定安县</span></td> <td>Dìng'ān Xiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.196,46</td> <td style="text-align:right">284.69</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dingcheng_(Ding%E2%80%99an)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dingcheng (Ding’an) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Dingcheng</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">定城镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tunchang" title="Tunchang">Tunchang</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">屯昌县</span></td> <td>Túnchāng Xiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.223,97</td> <td style="text-align:right">255.335</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuncheng_(Tunchang)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuncheng (Tunchang) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Tuncheng</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">屯城镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chengmai" title="Chengmai">Chengmai</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">澄迈县</span></td> <td>Chéngmài Xiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.076,28</td> <td style="text-align:right">497.953</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jinjiang_(Chengmai)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jinjiang (Chengmai) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Jinjiang</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">金江镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lingao" title="Lingao">Lingao</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">临高县</span></td> <td>Língāo Xiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.343,33</td> <td style="text-align:right">420.594</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincheng_(Lingao)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lincheng (Lingao) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Lincheng</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">临城镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="background:lightgreen;text-align:center;font-weight:bold">— Autonome Kreise — </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baisha" title="Baisha">Baisha</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">白沙黎族自治县</span></td> <td>Báishā Lízú Zìzhìxiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.115,66</td> <td style="text-align:right">164.699</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yacha_(Baisha)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yacha (Baisha) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Yacha</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">牙叉镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Changjiang_(Hainan)" title="Changjiang (Hainan)">Changjiang</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">昌江黎族自治县</span></td> <td>Chāngjiāng Lízú Zìzhìxiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.620,51</td> <td style="text-align:right">232.124</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shilu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shilu (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Shilu</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">石碌镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ledong" title="Ledong">Ledong</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">乐东黎族自治县</span></td> <td>Lèdōng Lízú Zìzhìxiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.765,53</td> <td style="text-align:right">464.435</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baoyou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baoyou (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Baoyou</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">抱由镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lingshui" title="Lingshui">Lingshui</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">陵水黎族自治县</span></td> <td>Língshuǐ Lízú Zìzhìxiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.107,88</td> <td style="text-align:right">372.511</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yelin_(Lingshui)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yelin (Lingshui) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Yelin</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">椰林镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baoting" title="Baoting">Baoting</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">保亭黎族苗族自治县</span></td> <td>Bǎotíng Lízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">1.166,67</td> <td style="text-align:right">156.018</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baocheng_(Baoting)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baocheng (Baoting) (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Baocheng</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">保城镇</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qiongzhong" title="Qiongzhong">Qiongzhong</a></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">琼中黎族苗族自治县</span></td> <td>Qióngzhōng Lízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn</td> <td style="text-align:right">2.704,16</td> <td style="text-align:right">179.586</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yinggen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yinggen (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Yinggen</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932629"><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans">营根镇</span>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Anm1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Anm1_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sansha hat eine Landfläche von etwa 13 Quadratkilometern und eine Meeresfläche von mehr als 2,6 Millionen Quadratkilometern.</span> </li> </ol> <div style="position: relative; text-align:center" class="left"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Administrative_Division_Hainan_(PRC_claimed).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Administrative_Division_Hainan_%28PRC_claimed%29.svg/781px-Administrative_Division_Hainan_%28PRC_claimed%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="781" height="550" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Administrative_Division_Hainan_%28PRC_claimed%29.svg/1172px-Administrative_Division_Hainan_%28PRC_claimed%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Administrative_Division_Hainan_%28PRC_claimed%29.svg/1562px-Administrative_Division_Hainan_%28PRC_claimed%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1419" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="position: absolute; left:458.75px; top: 91px;"><a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou"><span style="color: black;"><b>Haikou</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:200.25px; top: 481.5px;"><a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)"><span style="color: black;"><b>Sanya</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:643px; top: 322px;"><a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha"><span style="color: black;"><b>Sansha</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:192px; top: 157px;"><a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou"><span style="color: black;"><b>Danzhou</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:214px; top: 355px;"><a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan" title="Wuzhishan"><span style="color: black;"><b>Wuzhishan</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:458.75px; top: 250.5px;"><a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai"><span style="color: black;"><b>Qionghai</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:544px; top: 107.5px;"><a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang"><span style="color: black;"><b>Wenchang</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:406.5px; top: 355px;"><a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning"><span style="color: black;"><b>Wanning</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:49px; top: 322px;"><a href="/wiki/Dongfang" title="Dongfang"><span style="color: black;"><b>Dongfang</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:434px; top: 179px;"><a href="/wiki/Ding%E2%80%99an" title="Ding’an"><span style="color: black;"><b>Ding’an</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:337.75px; top: 223px;"><a href="/wiki/Tunchang" title="Tunchang"><span style="color: black;"><b>Tunchang</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:346px; top: 118.5px;"><a href="/wiki/Chengmai" title="Chengmai"><span style="color: black;"><b>Chengmai</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:280px; top: 99.25px;"><a href="/wiki/Lingao" title="Lingao"><span style="color: black;"><b>Lingao</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:181px; top: 245px;"><a href="/wiki/Baisha" title="Baisha"><span style="color: black;"><b>Baisha<br />(autonomer<br />Bezirk)</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:90.25px; top: 239.5px;"><a href="/wiki/Changjiang_(Hainan)" title="Changjiang (Hainan)"><span style="color: black;"><b>Changjiang<br />(autonomer<br />Bezirk)</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:60px; top: 388px;"><a href="/wiki/Ledong" title="Ledong"><span style="color: black;"><b>Ledong<br />(autonomer Bezirk)</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:329.5px; top: 421px;"><a href="/wiki/Lingshui" title="Lingshui"><span style="color: black;"><b>Lingshui<br />(autonomer<br />Bezirk)</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:236px; top: 404.5px;"><a href="/wiki/Baoting" title="Baoting"><span style="color: black;"><b>Baoting<br />(autonomer<br />Bezirk)</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:269px; top: 297.25px;"><a href="/wiki/Qiongzhong" title="Qiongzhong"><span style="color: black;"><b>Qiongzhong<br />(autonomer Bezirk)</b></span></a></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:21.5px; top: 19.5px;"><span style="border:thin solid"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #CCFF99" title="#CCFF99"></span></span> <span style="color: grey;"><b>Verwaltungsregionen auf Kreisebene</b></span></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:665px; top: 481.5px;"><span style="color: grey;font-size:80%;"><b>↖ von der VR China</b></span></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:665px; top: 498px;"><span style="color: grey;font-size:80%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Territorialkonflikte_im_S%C3%BCdchinesischen_Meer" title="Territorialkonflikte im Südchinesischen Meer">beanspruchte Inseln</a></b></span></div> <div style="position: absolute; left:637.5px; top: 514.5px;"><span style="color: grey;font-size:80%;"><b>im südchinesischen Meer</b></span></div> </div><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Größte_Städte"><span id="Gr.C3.B6.C3.9Fte_St.C3.A4dte"></span>Größte Städte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Größte Städte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Größte Städte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die zehn größten Städte der Provinz mit Einwohnerzahlen der eigentlichen städtischen Siedlung auf dem Stand der Volkszählung 2010 sind die folgenden:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Rang</b> </td> <td style="width:10em"><b>Stadt</b> </td> <td><b>Einwohnerzahl</b> </td> <td><b>Rang</b> </td> <td style="width:10em"><b>Stadt</b> </td> <td><b>Einwohnerzahl</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>1</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a> </td> <td align="right">1.517.410 </td> <td align="center"><b>6</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai">Qionghai</a> </td> <td align="right">194.400 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>2</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a> </td> <td align="right">453.819 </td> <td align="center"><b>7</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chengmai" title="Chengmai">Chengmai</a> </td> <td align="right">184.266 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>3</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a> </td> <td align="right">418.834 </td> <td align="center"><b>8</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lingao" title="Lingao">Lingao</a> </td> <td align="right">155.595 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>4</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang">Wenchang</a> </td> <td align="right">251.795 </td> <td align="center"><b>9</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongfang" title="Dongfang">Dongfang</a> </td> <td align="right">153.726 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>5</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning">Wanning</a> </td> <td align="right">221.263 </td> <td align="center"><b>10</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ledong" title="Ledong">Ledong</a> </td> <td align="right">132.625 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bevölkerung"><span id="Bev.C3.B6lkerung"></span>Bevölkerung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Bevölkerung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Bevölkerung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hainan hatte im Jahre 2008 8.647.300 Einwohner. Davon gehörten 7.139.531 zu den <a href="/wiki/Han_(Ethnie)" title="Han (Ethnie)">Han</a>-Chinesen und 1.507.721 zu Minderheiten, die sich wie folgt gliedern: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_(Volk)" title="Li (Volk)">Li</a> 1.370.346</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao" title="Miao">Miao</a> 71.718</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui-Chinesen" title="Hui-Chinesen">Hui-Chinesen</a> 36.382</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang" title="Zhuang">Zhuang</a> 1.126</li> <li>Sonstige 1.811<sup id="cite_ref-BEiswaldt_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BEiswaldt-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Aufgrund von <a href="/wiki/Abtreibung" class="mw-redirect" title="Abtreibung">Abtreibungen</a> weiblicher <a href="/wiki/Fetus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fetus">Föten</a> (<a href="/wiki/Geschlechtsselektive_Abtreibung" title="Geschlechtsselektive Abtreibung">Geschlechtsselektive Abtreibung</a>) kommen in Hainan pro 100 Mädchen über 130 Jungen zur Welt. 2013 lag die durchschnittliche <a href="/wiki/Lebenserwartung" title="Lebenserwartung">Lebenserwartung</a> bei 76,3 Jahren.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wirtschaft">Wirtschaft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Wirtschaft" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Wirtschaft"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Als Ministerpräsident <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a> 1983 nach Hainan reiste, war er entsetzt. Er habe gedacht, dass sich die ärmsten Regionen der Welt in Afrika befänden. 1988 wurde Hainan zu einer eigenständigen Provinz und zu Chinas größter <a href="/wiki/Sonderwirtschaftszone" title="Sonderwirtschaftszone">Sonderwirtschaftszone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mit dem Status einer Sonderwirtschaftszone sollte Hainan vor allem für ausländische Geschäftsleute und Investoren interessant gemacht werden. Die großzügigen Freiheiten sollten wirtschaftlich eine Art „Start aus dem Stand“ initiieren, doch sie schufen auch einen Tummelplatz für <a href="/wiki/Korruption" title="Korruption">Korruption</a>. </p><p>Seit Hainan 1988 zu einer wirtschaftlichen Sonderzone ernannt wurde, wuchs seine Wirtschaft kontinuierlich. Heute zählt die Insel zu den beliebtesten Tourismuszielen Chinas. Nach dem Tourismus ist die Landwirtschaft der zweitgrößte Wirtschaftsfaktor. Neben Kaffee, Bananen, Orangen, Ananas, Kokosnuss, Pfeffer, Cashewnüssen und Erdnüssen sind zahlreiche weitere subtropische Früchte von Bedeutung für den Agrarhandel. Daneben werden <a href="/wiki/Perle" title="Perle">Perlen</a>-, Fisch-, Hühner- und Entenzucht betrieben. Weiterhin entwickeln sich Industrien im Elektro- und Pharmabereich, im Textilbereich und der Autoindustrie (Hainan Mazda Motor Company „Haiman“). Hainan verfügt über Erdgas- und Erdölvorkommen in seinen Seegebieten, deren Ausbeutung vorangetrieben wird. Auf Hainan befindet sich auch eine der größten Papierfabriken Chinas, betrieben von der Asia Pulp and Paper Co. (APP). Seit 2015 ist an der Westküste im Autonomen Kreis Changjiang das <a href="/wiki/Kernkraftwerk_Changjiang" title="Kernkraftwerk Changjiang">Kernkraftwerk Changjiang</a> in Betrieb. </p><p>Zur 20-Jahr-Feier im Jahr 2008 gab Peking einen neuen Dreijahresplan für die Insel bekannt. Danach sollte ihre Entwicklung zu einem internationalen Anlaufpunkt für Umschlag, Handel und Tourismus vorangetrieben werden. Dazu gehören auch die Einrichtung von Freihandelszonen (Duty free shops) auf Hainan und der Ausbau des Hafens Yangpu an der Westküste der Insel zu einem Freihandelshafen.<sup id="cite_ref-BEiswaldt_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BEiswaldt-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Im Jahr 2015 erwirtschaftete die Provinz ein <a href="/wiki/Bruttoinlandsprodukt" title="Bruttoinlandsprodukt">BIP</a> in Höhe von 370 Milliarden Yuan (59 Milliarden US-Dollar) und belegte damit Rang 28 unter den Provinzen Chinas. Das BIP pro Kopf betrug 44.252 Yuan (6.662 US-Dollar/<a href="/wiki/Kaufkraftparit%C3%A4t" title="Kaufkraftparität">KKP</a>: 12.742 US-Dollar) pro Jahr (Rang 17 unter den chinesischen Provinzen). Das Wohlstandsniveau in der Provinz lag damit ungefähr auf dem Niveau von <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> und betrug 82 % des chinesischen Durchschnitts.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Militärstandorte"><span id="Milit.C3.A4rstandorte"></span>Militärstandorte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Militärstandorte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Militärstandorte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Im Süden Hainans befindet sich die bedeutende <a href="/wiki/Marinest%C3%BCtzpunkt_Sanya" title="Marinestützpunkt Sanya">Marinebasis Sanya</a>. Darüber hinaus beherbergt die Insel eine Reihe von Luftwaffenstützpunkten und gilt – nicht zuletzt wegen ihrer strategischen Lage in der Nähe wichtiger <a href="/wiki/Seehandel" title="Seehandel">Seehandelsrouten</a> – als wichtiger Standort der <a href="/wiki/Elektronische_Aufkl%C3%A4rung" title="Elektronische Aufklärung">elektronischen Aufklärung</a> der <a href="/wiki/Volksbefreiungsarmee" title="Volksbefreiungsarmee">Volksbefreiungsarmee</a>. </p><p>Weiters befinden sich in der Provinz von der Regierung betriebene leistungsstarke <a href="/wiki/Rundfunk-St%C3%B6rsender_in_der_Volksrepublik_China" title="Rundfunk-Störsender in der Volksrepublik China">Rundfunk-Störsender</a>, deren Störaussendungen auf <a href="/wiki/Kurzwelle" title="Kurzwelle">Kurzwelle</a>, welche den Vereinbarungen im Rahmen der <a href="/wiki/Internationale_Fernmeldeunion" title="Internationale Fernmeldeunion">Internationalen Fernmeldeunion</a> widersprechen, unter günstigen atmosphärischen Bedingungen weltweit zu empfangen sind.<sup id="cite_ref-iarum1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iarum1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Raumfahrt">Raumfahrt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Raumfahrt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=9" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Raumfahrt"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nach langjährigen Machbarkeitsstudien beschloss der chinesische <a href="/wiki/Staatsrat_der_Volksrepublik_China" title="Staatsrat der Volksrepublik China">Staatsrat</a> im Herbst 2007 den Bau eines neuen <a href="/wiki/Weltraumbahnhof" title="Weltraumbahnhof">Raumfahrtzentrums</a> bei <a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang">Wenchang</a> auf Hainan (<i>siehe:</i> <a href="/wiki/Kosmodrom_Wenchang" title="Kosmodrom Wenchang">Kosmodrom Wenchang</a>), das von einheimischen Politikern vornehmlich aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen seit langem vehement befürwortet worden war. Die Grundsteinlegung erfolgte am 14. September 2009, am 10. September 2014 meldete Generalmajor <a href="/wiki/Yang_Liwei" title="Yang Liwei">Yang Liwei</a>, stellvertretender Direktor des <a href="/wiki/Bemanntes_Raumfahrtprogramm_der_Volksrepublik_China#Büro_für_bemannte_Raumfahrt" title="Bemanntes Raumfahrtprogramm der Volksrepublik China">Büros für bemannte Raumfahrt</a>, die Einsatzbereitschaft des Kosmodroms.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Von dem über elf Quadratkilometer großen Gelände werden mit Trägerraketen vom Typ <a href="/wiki/Langer_Marsch_5" title="Langer Marsch 5">Langer Marsch 5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Langer_Marsch_7" title="Langer Marsch 7">Langer Marsch 7</a> und <a href="/wiki/Langer_Marsch_8" title="Langer Marsch 8">Langer Marsch 8</a> Satelliten, Tiefraumsonden und Frachtraumschiffe vom Typ <a href="/wiki/Tianzhou" title="Tianzhou">Tianzhou</a> gestartet. Ab 2029 soll dort auch die projektierte Superschwerlastrakete <a href="/wiki/Langer_Marsch_9" title="Langer Marsch 9">Langer Marsch 9</a> zum Einsatz kommen. Außerdem wurde in Wenchang ein <a href="/wiki/Themenpark" title="Themenpark">Themenpark</a> für <a href="/wiki/Luftfahrt" title="Luftfahrt">Luft-</a> und <a href="/wiki/Raumfahrt" title="Raumfahrt">Raumfahrt</a> eingerichtet. Der am 23. Oktober 1981 entdeckte Asteroid <a href="/wiki/(3024)_Hainan" title="(3024) Hainan">(3024) Hainan</a> trägt seit 1989 den Namen der damals neugegründeten Provinz.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourismus">Tourismus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Tourismus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=10" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Tourismus"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Altstadt_von_Haikou_(Hainan).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Altstadt_von_Haikou_%28Hainan%29.jpg/220px-Altstadt_von_Haikou_%28Hainan%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Altstadt_von_Haikou_%28Hainan%29.jpg/330px-Altstadt_von_Haikou_%28Hainan%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Altstadt_von_Haikou_%28Hainan%29.jpg/440px-Altstadt_von_Haikou_%28Hainan%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Altstadt von Haikou, 2021</figcaption></figure> <p>Während die Insel früher ein Exil für in Ungnade gefallene chinesische Staatsdiener war und später hauptsächlich <a href="/wiki/Rucksacktourist" class="mw-redirect" title="Rucksacktourist">Rucksacktouristen</a> kamen, gewinnt Hainan seit einigen Jahren zunehmend an Renommee und ist mittlerweile eines der bekanntesten Tourismusgebiete der Volksrepublik. Im Jahr 2023 wurde die Insel von mehr als 90 Millionen Touristen besucht.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Hainan_3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hainan_3.JPG/220px-Hainan_3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hainan_3.JPG/330px-Hainan_3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hainan_3.JPG/440px-Hainan_3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Strand auf Hainan, 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>Besonders <a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a> wird als Urlaubsziel immer beliebter. Nach Statistiken der Lokalregierung kamen 2007 etwa 500.000 auswärtige Touristen nach Sanya, eine Steigerung von 30 Prozent gegenüber dem Vorjahr. Durch die rasche Entwicklung des Tourismus boomen auch die Branchen <a href="/wiki/Hotellerie" title="Hotellerie">Hotellerie</a> und <a href="/wiki/Immobilienwirtschaft" title="Immobilienwirtschaft">Immobilienwirtschaft</a>. Aufgrund eines Sondererlasses der chinesischen Zentralregierung durften bis zum Beginn der <a href="/wiki/COVID-19-Pandemie" title="COVID-19-Pandemie">COVID-19-Pandemie</a> Reisende aus 21 Ländern ohne <a href="/wiki/Visum" title="Visum">Visum</a> nach Hainan einreisen. Auf dem Gebiet des Autonomen Kreises <a href="/wiki/Lingshui" title="Lingshui">Lingshui</a> der Li, in der Nähe von Sanya, befindet sich das Naturschutzgebiet <a href="/wiki/Nanwan-Affeninsel" title="Nanwan-Affeninsel">Nanwan-Affeninsel</a> für <a href="/wiki/Rhesusaffe" title="Rhesusaffe">Rhesusaffen</a>, ein sehr beliebtes Touristenziel. </p><p>Hainan wird auch das „Chinas <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>“ genannt.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Auf der Insel stehen mehr als zwanzig Golfplätze zur Verfügung.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Bo'ao im Osten Hainans fand bis zum Beginn der <a href="/wiki/COVID-19-Pandemie" title="COVID-19-Pandemie">COVID-19-Pandemie</a> ein jährliches Treffen hochrangiger Politiker und Wirtschaftsmanager ostasiatischer Staaten statt, das <a href="/wiki/Boao_Forum" title="Boao Forum">Boao Forum</a>. </p><p>Die Hauptstadt der Provinz Hainan ist die Stadt <a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a>. Die Stadt ist auch bekannt als Kokosnuss-Stadt und hat interessante historische Sehenswürdigkeiten und einen für die Provinz wichtigen Hafen. Der sogenannte „<a href="/wiki/Tempel_der_F%C3%BCnf_Beamten" title="Tempel der Fünf Beamten">Tempel der Fünf Beamten</a>“ besteht aus fünf traditionellen Tempeln und Hallen, die zu Ehren von fünf Beamten der <a href="/wiki/Tang-Dynastie" title="Tang-Dynastie">Tang-Dynastie</a> (618–907) und der <a href="/wiki/Song-Dynastie" title="Song-Dynastie">Song-Dynastie</a> (960–1279) errichtet wurden. </p><p>Die Grabstätte des <a href="/wiki/Hai_Rui" title="Hai Rui">Hai Rui</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r184932623"><span lang="zh-Hani" class="Hani">海瑞墓</span>) ist ein nationales Kulturdenkmal und stammt aus dem Jahr 1589. Die Grabstätte wurde zum Gedenken an die vielen guten Dinge errichtet, die Hai Rui während seines Lebens getan hatte, und befindet sich im Südwesten der Stadt <a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a>. Hai Rui war ein sehr beliebter Beamter mit hainanesischer Herkunft, der zur Zeit der <a href="/wiki/Ming-Dynastie" title="Ming-Dynastie">Ming-Dynastie</a> lebte. Er war berühmt für seine lebenslange Ehrlichkeit und seine Bereitschaft, sich für die lokale Bevölkerung starkzumachen. Später fiel er beim Kaiser in Ungnade und wurde verfolgt. </p><p>Die Festung <a href="/wiki/Xiuying-Fort" title="Xiuying-Fort">Xiuying-Barbette</a> wurde 1891 gebaut, um den Südosten Chinas während des Sino-Französischen Krieges zu verteidigen. Die fünf großen Kanonen auf der Festung sind noch intakt und können besichtigt werden. Die Festung befindet sich an der Haixiu-Straße im Stadtbezirk <a href="/wiki/Xiuying" title="Xiuying">Xiuying</a> von Haikou. </p><p>Die Insel Hainan hat viele Strände und auch heiße Quellen. Touristisch beliebte Gebiete sind die Yalong-Bucht und der Badeort Dadonghai in der Nähe von Sanya, der Surfer-Ort Houhaicun<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, der Sieben-Finger-Berg (Qizhi Shan), die heiße Quelle Guantang in <a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai">Qionghai</a>, der botanische Garten von <a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning">Wanning</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und der Wanquan Fluss. Er entspringt am Wuzhi-Berg in <a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan" title="Wuzhishan">Wuzhishan</a> und ist mit einer Länge von 163 km der drittlängste Fluss in Hainan. An seinem Ober- und Unterlauf wachsen üppige Bäume und Palmen. Der Abschnitt in Qionghai wurde zu einem Touristengebiet erschlossen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=11" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Burkhard Eiswaldt: <cite style="font-style:italic">Hainan Island: Chinas größte Wirtschaftssonderzone</cite>. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783837088397" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-8370-8839-7</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hainan&rft.au=Burkhard+Eiswaldt&rft.btitle=Hainan+Island%3A+Chinas+gr%C3%B6%C3%9Fte+Wirtschaftssonderzone&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783837088397&rft.place=Norderstedt&rft.pub=Books+on+Demand" style="display:none"> </span></li> <li>Burkhard Eiswaldt: <cite style="font-style:italic">Hainan Island: Vom Staat Qiong zur Freihandelszone - Chinas größte Wirtschaftssonderzone</cite>. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783839120880" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-8391-2088-0</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hainan&rft.au=Burkhard+Eiswaldt&rft.btitle=Hainan+Island%3A+Vom+Staat+Qiong+zur+Freihandelszone+-+Chinas+gr%C3%B6%C3%9Fte+Wirtschaftssonderzone&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783839120880&rft.place=Norderstedt&rft.pub=Books+on+Demand" style="display:none"> </span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weblinks" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=12" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weblinks"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hainan?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Hainan</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hainan.gov.cn/">Offizielle Website</a> (chinesisch, englisch)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainan&action=edit&section=13" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SPON-646728-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SPON-646728_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Thomas Gross, <a href="/wiki/Dpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Dpa">dpa</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/reise/fernweh/tropeninsel-hainan-hawaii-auf-chinesisch-a-646728.html"><i>Tropeninsel Hainan: Hawaii auf Chinesisch.</i></a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Spiegel_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiegel Online">Spiegel Online</a>.</i> 3. September 2009,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2016</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Tropeninsel+Hainan%3A+Hawaii+auf+Chinesisch&rft.description=Tropeninsel+Hainan%3A+Hawaii+auf+Chinesisch&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Freise%2Ffernweh%2Ftropeninsel-hainan-hawaii-auf-chinesisch-a-646728.html&rft.creator=Thomas+Gross%2C+%5B%5Bdpa%5D%5D&rft.date=2009-09-03"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-new_province-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-new_province_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-new_province_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Hsieh, Chaio-min; Zhong, Gong-fu: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Hainan - the Island of South Sea A New Province in China</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">GeoJournal</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>20</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>. Springer-Verlag, April 1990, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>385–391</span>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/41144798">41144798</a> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hainan&rft.atitle=Hainan+-+the+Island+of+South+Sea+A+New+Province+in+China&rft.au=Hsieh%2C+Chaio-min%3B+Zhong%2C+Gong-fu&rft.date=1990-04&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=GeoJournal&rft.pages=385-391&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.volume=20" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-mondo.online/de/asien/china-sanya-hainan.html"><i>Hainan – Tropisches Reiseziel für einen Urlaub in China.</i></a> In: <i>e-mondo.online.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 28. November 2018</span> (Klima in Hainan und Sanya).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Hainan+%E2%80%93+Tropisches+Reiseziel+f%C3%BCr+einen+Urlaub+in+China&rft.description=Hainan+%E2%80%93+Tropisches+Reiseziel+f%C3%BCr+einen+Urlaub+in+China&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-mondo.online%2Fde%2Fasien%2Fchina-sanya-hainan.html"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Croddy-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Croddy_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Croddy_4-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Croddy_4-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Croddy_4-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Croddy: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">China’s Provinces and Populations – A Chronological and Geographical Survey</cite>. Springer-Verlag, 2022, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783031091643" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-03109164-3</a>, 10 Hainan (Island) Province, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>243–262</span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09165-0">10.1007/978-3-031-09165-0</a></span> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abookitem&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hainan&rft.atitle=10+Hainan+%28Island%29+Province&rft.au=Eric+Croddy&rft.btitle=China%E2%80%99s+Provinces+and+Populations+-+A%E2%80%82Chronological+and+Geographical+Survey&rft.date=2022&rft.doi=10.1007%2F978-3-031-09165-0&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=9783031091643&rft.pages=243-262&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hung, Hsiao-chun: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Prosperity and complexity without farming: the South China Coast, c. 5000–3000 BC</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Antiquity</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>93</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>368</span>, 2019, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>325–341</span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2018.188">10.15184/aqy.2018.188</a></span> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hainan&rft.atitle=Prosperity+and+complexity+without+farming%3A+the+South+China+Coast%2C+c.+5000-3000+BC&rft.au=Hung%2C+Hsiao-chun&rft.date=2019&rft.doi=10.15184%2Faqy.2018.188&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=368&rft.jtitle=Antiquity&rft.pages=325-341&rft.volume=93" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Marian Rosenberg / HICN: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hicn.cn/system/2023/05/29/032983032.shtml"><i>Hainan's Ancient Tombs and What They Tell Us.</i></a> hicn.cn, 31. Mai 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 8. September 2024</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Hainan%27s+Ancient+Tombs+and+What+They+Tell+Us&rft.description=Hainan%27s+Ancient+Tombs+and+What+They+Tell+Us&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hicn.cn%2Fsystem%2F2023%2F05%2F29%2F032983032.shtml&rft.creator=Marian+Rosenberg+%2F+HICN&rft.publisher=hicn.cn&rft.date=2023-05-31&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peng MS, He JD, Liu HX, Zhang YP: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Tracing the legacy of the early Hainan Islanders–a perspective from mitochondrial DNA</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">BMC Evol Biol</cite>. Februar 2011, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-46">10.1186/1471-2148-11-46</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21324107?dopt=Abstract">PMID 21324107</a> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hainan&rft.atitle=Tracing+the+legacy+of+the+early+Hainan+Islanders-a+perspective+from+mitochondrial+DNA&rft.au=Peng+MS%2C+He+JD%2C+Liu+HX%2C+...&rft.btitle=BMC+Evol+Biol&rft.date=2011-02&rft.doi=10.1186%2F1471-2148-11-46&rft.genre=book&rft.pmid=21324107" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BEiswaldt-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BEiswaldt_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BEiswaldt_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-BEiswaldt_8-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkhard Eiswaldt: <i>Hainan Island – Chinas größte Wirtschaftssonderzone.</i> 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783837088397" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-8370-8839-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Ma Zhiping: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regional.chinadaily.com.cn/hainan/2020-04/20/c_472111.htm"><i>Hainan's Sansha to set up two municipal districts.</i></a> chinadaily.com.cn, 20. April 2020,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 7. September 2024</span> (chinesisch (vereinfacht)).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Hainan%27s+Sansha+to+set+up+two+municipal+districts&rft.description=Hainan%27s+Sansha+to+set+up+two+municipal+districts&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fregional.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fhainan%2F2020-04%2F20%2Fc_472111.htm&rft.creator=Ma+Zhiping&rft.publisher=chinadaily.com.cn&rft.date=2020-04-20&rft.language=zh-Hans"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/hi/38316.html"><i>2021年海南省行政区划 („Verwaltungsgliederung der Provinz Hainan im Jahr 2021“).</i></a> xzqh.org, 2021,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 7. September 2024</span> (chinesisch (vereinfacht)).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=2021%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92+%28%E2%80%9EVerwaltungsgliederung+der+Provinz+Hainan+im+Jahr+2021%E2%80%9C%29&rft.description=2021%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92+%28%E2%80%9EVerwaltungsgliederung+der+Provinz+Hainan+im+Jahr+2021%E2%80%9C%29&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xzqh.org%2Fhtml%2Fshow%2Fhi%2F38316.html&rft.publisher=xzqh.org&rft.date=2021&rft.language=zh-Hans"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xzqh.org/html/show/hi/38105.html"><i>2020年海南省行政区划 („Verwaltungsgliederung der Provinz Hainan im Jahr 2020“).</i></a> xzqh.org,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 7. September 2024</span> (chinesisch (vereinfacht)).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=2020%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92+%28%E2%80%9EVerwaltungsgliederung+der+Provinz+Hainan+im+Jahr+2020%E2%80%9C%29&rft.description=2020%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92+%28%E2%80%9EVerwaltungsgliederung+der+Provinz+Hainan+im+Jahr+2020%E2%80%9C%29&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xzqh.org%2Fhtml%2Fshow%2Fhi%2F38105.html&rft.publisher=xzqh.org&rft.language=zh-Hans"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.hainan.gov.cn/tjj/ywdt/xwfb/202105/t20210512_2977770.html"><i>海南省第七次全国人口普查公报（第二号）(„Bulletin zur siebten Volkszählung in der Provinz Hainan (Nr. 2)“).</i></a> Statistikamt der Provinz Hainan, 13. Mai 2021,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 7. September 2024</span> (chinesisch (vereinfacht)).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%EF%BC%89%28%E2%80%9EBulletin+zur+siebten+Volksz%C3%A4hlung+in+der+Provinz+Hainan+%28Nr.+2%29%E2%80%9C%29&rft.description=%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%EF%BC%89%28%E2%80%9EBulletin+zur+siebten+Volksz%C3%A4hlung+in+der+Provinz+Hainan+%28Nr.+2%29%E2%80%9C%29&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.hainan.gov.cn%2Ftjj%2Fywdt%2Fxwfb%2F202105%2Ft20210512_2977770.html&rft.publisher=Statistikamt+der+Provinz+Hainan&rft.date=2021-05-13&rft.language=zh-Hans"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/de/china/cities/hainan/"><i>China: Hăinán – Provinz Hainan – Provinz, Die größten Städte, Städte & Kreise.</i></a> In: <i>citypopulation.de.</i> City Population,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 25. Dezember 2021</span> (deutsch, englisch, Einwohnerzahlen, Karten, Grafiken, Wetter und Web-Informationen).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=China%3A+H%C4%83in%C3%A1n+%E2%80%93+Provinz+Hainan+%E2%80%93+Provinz%2C+Die+gr%C3%B6%C3%9Ften+St%C3%A4dte%2C+St%C3%A4dte+%26+Kreise&rft.description=China%3A+H%C4%83in%C3%A1n+%E2%80%93+Provinz+Hainan+%E2%80%93+Provinz%2C+Die+gr%C3%B6%C3%9Ften+St%C3%A4dte%2C+St%C3%A4dte+%26+Kreise&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2Fde%2Fchina%2Fcities%2Fhainan%2F&rft.publisher=City+Population&rft.language=de en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2013/indexch.htm"><i>中国统计年鉴-2013 – Statistisches Jahrbuch China–2013.</i></a> In: <i>stats.gov.cn.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 10. Mai 2018</span> (chinesisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B4-2013+%E2%80%93+Statistisches+Jahrbuch+China%E2%80%932013&rft.description=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B4-2013+%E2%80%93+Statistisches+Jahrbuch+China%E2%80%932013&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjsj%2Fndsj%2F2013%2Findexch.htm&rft.language=zh"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r246413598">.mw-parser-output .webarchiv-memento{color:var(--color-base,#202122)!important}</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080501215549/http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/news-channels/2008-04/27/content_1221663.htm"><i>China’s largest special economic zone celebrates 20th anniversary.</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Web-Archivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Web-Archivierung"><span class="webarchiv-memento">Memento</span></a> vom 1. Mai 2008 im <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>), In: chinamil.com.cn, China Military Online, 27. April 2008 (englisch)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/"><i>National Data.</i></a> In: <i>stats.gov.cn.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 4. Dezember 2017</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=National+Data&rft.description=National+Data&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2F&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iarum1-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-iarum1_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iarums-r1.org/iarums/prcdragon.pdf"><i>Fighting the Chinese Government Firedragon – Music Jammer AND “Sound of Hope” Broadcasting (SOH), Taiwan.</i></a> (PDF; 100 kB) SOH’s transmissions are the trigger of the jamming. In: <i>iarums-r1.org.</i> <a href="/wiki/International_Amateur_Radio_Union" title="International Amateur Radio Union">IARU</a> & <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Amateur-Radio-Club" title="Deutscher Amateur-Radio-Club">DARC</a>,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 25. Dezember 2021</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Fighting+the+Chinese+Government+Firedragon+%E2%80%93+Music+Jammer+AND+%E2%80%9CSound+of+Hope%E2%80%9D+Broadcasting+%28SOH%29%2C+Taiwan&rft.description=Fighting+the+Chinese+Government+Firedragon+%E2%80%93+Music+Jammer+AND+%E2%80%9CSound+of+Hope%E2%80%9D+Broadcasting+%28SOH%29%2C+Taiwan&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iarums-r1.org%2Fiarums%2Fprcdragon.pdf&rft.publisher=%5B%5BInternational+Amateur+Radio+Union%7CIARU%5D%5D+%26+%5B%5BDeutscher+Amateur-Radio-Club%7CDARC%5D%5D&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">白瑞雪、田兆运: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://military.people.com.cn/n/2014/0911/c1011-25638748.html"><i>杨利伟：海南发射场具备发射条件　中国愿为他国培养航天员.</i></a> In: <i>military.people.com.cn.</i> 11. September 2014,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 24. Juli 2021</span> (chinesisch, Ursprungsquelle: <a href="/wiki/Xinhua" title="Xinhua">Xinhua</a>).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=%E6%9D%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%BC%9F%EF%BC%9A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA%E5%85%B7%E5%A4%87%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6%E3%80%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%84%BF%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%B9%E5%85%BB%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%98&rft.description=%E6%9D%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%BC%9F%EF%BC%9A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA%E5%85%B7%E5%A4%87%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E6%9D%A1%E4%BB%B6%E3%80%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%84%BF%E4%B8%BA%E4%BB%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%B9%E5%85%BB%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%98&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fmilitary.people.com.cn%2Fn%2F2014%2F0911%2Fc1011-25638748.html&rft.creator=%E7%99%BD%E7%91%9E%E9%9B%AA%E3%80%81%E7%94%B0%E5%85%86%E8%BF%90&rft.date=2014-09-11&rft.language=zh"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/1989/MPC_19890915.pdf"><i>The Minor Planet Circular – MPC 14977.</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Pdf" class="mw-redirect" title="Pdf">pdf</a>-Datei, 296 kB) In: <i>minorplanetcenter.net.</i> 15. September 1989,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 5. Januar 2020</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=The+Minor+Planet+Circular+%E2%80%93+MPC+14977&rft.description=The+Minor+Planet+Circular+%E2%80%93+MPC+14977&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minorplanetcenter.net%2Fiau%2FECS%2FMPCArchive%2F1989%2FMPC_19890915.pdf&rft.date=1989-09-15&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.www.gov.cn/archive/statistics/202401/23/content_WS65afbe12c6d0868f4e8e36c0.html"><i>China's island province reports 9.2 pct GDP growth in 2023.</i></a> In: <i>Xinhua.</i> 23. Januar 2024,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 29. Oktober 2024</span> (chinesisch (vereinfacht)).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=China%27s+island+province+reports+9.2+pct+GDP+growth+in+2023&rft.description=China%27s+island+province+reports+9.2+pct+GDP+growth+in+2023&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.www.gov.cn%2Farchive%2Fstatistics%2F202401%2F23%2Fcontent_WS65afbe12c6d0868f4e8e36c0.html&rft.date=2024-01-23&rft.language=zh-Hans"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Tom Chesshyre: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/heard-of-hainan-you-will-you-will-8xcm6gltwk3"><i>Heard of Hainan? You will, you will…</i></a> In: <i>thetimes.co.uk.</i> <a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times_(Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich)" title="The Sunday Times (Vereinigtes Königreich)">The Sunday Times</a>, 31. August 2005,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 5. Januar 2020</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Heard+of+Hainan%3F+You+will%2C+you+will%E2%80%A6&rft.description=Heard+of+Hainan%3F+You+will%2C+you+will%E2%80%A6&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fheard-of-hainan-you-will-you-will-8xcm6gltwk3&rft.creator=Tom+Chesshyre&rft.publisher=%5B%5BThe+Sunday+Times+%28Vereinigtes+K%C3%B6nigreich%29%7CThe+Sunday+Times%5D%5D&rft.date=2005-08-31&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160111152408/https://www.where2golf.com/china/top-golf-courses-hainan-island.asp"><i>China – Hainan Island – Best Golf Courses on Hainan Island.</i></a> In: <i>where2golf.com.</i> Archiviert vom <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r235239667">.mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-position:center right;background-repeat:no-repeat}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/OOjs_UI_icon_external-link-ltr-progressive.svg")!important;background-size:10px;padding-right:13px!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/MediaWiki_external_link_icon.svg")!important;padding-right:13px!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg")!important;background-size:0.857em;padding-right:1em!important}</style><span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.where2golf.com%2Fchina%2Ftop-golf-courses-hainan-island.asp">Original</a></span> am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">11. Januar 2016</span><span>;</span><span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 5. Januar 2020</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=China+%E2%80%93+Hainan+Island+%E2%80%93+Best+Golf+Courses+on+Hainan+Island&rft.description=China+%E2%80%93+Hainan+Island+%E2%80%93+Best+Golf+Courses+on+Hainan+Island&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20160111152408%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.where2golf.com%2Fchina%2Ftop-golf-courses-hainan-island.asp&rft.source=https://www.where2golf.com/china/top-golf-courses-hainan-island.asp&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Daniel Satra: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/China-ganz-laessig-Aufbruch-mit-Surfbrett,sendung1136470.html"><i>China ganz lässig: Aufbruch mit Surfbrett.</i></a> In: <i>ndr.de.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 14. April 2022</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=China+ganz+l%C3%A4ssig%3A+Aufbruch+mit+Surfbrett&rft.description=China+ganz+l%C3%A4ssig%3A+Aufbruch+mit+Surfbrett&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndr.de%2Ffernsehen%2FChina-ganz-laessig-Aufbruch-mit-Surfbrett%2Csendung1136470.html&rft.creator=Daniel+Satra&rft.language=de"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Wurzel" title="Steffen Wurzel">Steffen Wurzel</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesschau.de/wirtschaft/weltwirtschaft/china-vanilleanbau-101.html"><i>Vanille-Anbau in China: Die Suche nach der perfekten Schote.</i></a> In: <i>tagesschau.de.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 14. April 2022</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHainan&rft.title=Vanille-Anbau+in+China%3A+Die+Suche+nach+der+perfekten+Schote&rft.description=Vanille-Anbau+in+China%3A+Die+Suche+nach+der+perfekten+Schote&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesschau.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fweltwirtschaft%2Fchina-vanilleanbau-101.html&rft.creator=%5B%5BSteffen+Wurzel%5D%5D&rft.language=de"> </span></span> </li> </ol> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r246035994">.mw-parser-output div.BoxenVerschmelzen{border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-right-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-top-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-bottom-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);clear:both;font-size:95%;margin-top:1.5em;padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output div.BoxenVerschmelzen div.NavFrame,.mw-parser-output div.BoxenVerschmelzen 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<a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a> | <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a> | <a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a> | <a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a> | <a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a> | <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a> | <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> | <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a> | <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Autonome_Region_(China)" title="Autonome Region (China)">Autonome Regionen mit Provinzsstatus</a>:</b>  <a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Innere_Mongolei" title="Innere Mongolei">Innere Mongolei</a> | <a href="/wiki/Autonomes_Gebiet_Tibet" title="Autonomes Gebiet Tibet">Tibet</a> | <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>  </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Regierungsunmittelbare_Stadt_(Volksrepublik_China)" title="Regierungsunmittelbare Stadt (Volksrepublik China)">Regierungsunmittelbare Städte</a>:</b>  <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> | <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a> | <a href="/wiki/Peking" title="Peking">Peking</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a>  </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Sonderverwaltungszone" title="Sonderverwaltungszone">Sonderverwaltungszonen</a>:</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkong</a> | <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>  </p><p><i><b>Als Provinz beansprucht, aber nicht kontrolliert:</b> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_(Provinz)" title="Taiwan (Provinz)">Taiwan</a></i> </p> </div> </div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r248673343"><div class="NavFrame navigation-not-searchable" role="navigation"> <div class="NavPic"><span class="nomobile noviewer" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:China-Hainan.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Hainan"><img alt="Hainan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/China-Hainan.png/40px-China-Hainan.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/China-Hainan.png/60px-China-Hainan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/China-Hainan.png/80px-China-Hainan.png 2x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="218" /></a></span></span></div> <div class="NavHead">Bezirks- und Kreisebene <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hainans</a></div> <div class="NavContent"> <div class="centered" style="display: table"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Bezirksfreie_Stadt" title="Bezirksfreie Stadt">Bezirksfreie Städte</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a> | <a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Stadtbezirk_(China)" title="Stadtbezirk (China)">Stadtbezirke</a> von <a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou">Haikou</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Longhua_(Haikou)" title="Longhua (Haikou)">Longhua</a> | <a href="/wiki/Meilan" title="Meilan">Meilan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Qiongshan" title="Qiongshan">Qiongshan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Xiuying" title="Xiuying">Xiuying</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Stadtbezirk_(China)" title="Stadtbezirk (China)">Stadtbezirke</a> von <a href="/wiki/Sanya_(Hainan)" title="Sanya (Hainan)">Sanya</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Haitang" title="Haitang">Haitang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Jiyang_(Sanya)" title="Jiyang (Sanya)">Jiyang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tianya" title="Tianya">Tianya</a> | <a href="/wiki/Yazhou" title="Yazhou">Yazhou</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Kreisfreie_Stadt_(China)" title="Kreisfreie Stadt (China)">Kreisfreie Städte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kreis_(China)" title="Kreis (China)">Kreise</a> und <a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis_(China)" title="Autonomer Kreis (China)">Autonome Kreise</a></b>:<br /><a href="/wiki/Baisha" title="Baisha">Baisha</a> | <a href="/wiki/Baoting" title="Baoting">Baoting</a> | <a href="/wiki/Changjiang_(Hainan)" title="Changjiang (Hainan)">Changjiang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Chengmai" title="Chengmai">Chengmai</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ding%E2%80%99an" title="Ding’an">Ding’an</a> | <a href="/wiki/Dongfang" title="Dongfang">Dongfang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ledong" title="Ledong">Ledong</a> | <a href="/wiki/Lingao" title="Lingao">Lingao</a> | <a href="/wiki/Lingshui" title="Lingshui">Lingshui</a> | <a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai">Qionghai</a> | <a href="/wiki/Qiongzhong" title="Qiongzhong">Qiongzhong</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tunchang" title="Tunchang">Tunchang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning">Wanning</a> | <a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang">Wenchang</a> | <a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan" title="Wuzhishan">Wuzhishan</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p><span class="geo noexcerpt" style="display:none"><span class="body"></span><span class="latitude">19.106666666667</span><span class="longitude">109.5675</span><span class="elevation"></span></span><span id="coordinates" class="coordinates plainlinks-print"><span title="Koordinatensystem WGS84">Koordinaten: </span><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hainan&language=de&params=19.106666666667_N_109.5675_E_region:CN-HI_type:isle"><span title="Breitengrad">19° 6′ <abbr title="Nord">N</abbr></span>, <span title="Längengrad">109° 34′ <abbr title="Ost">O</abbr></span></a></span> </p> <div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 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href="https://de.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategorie:Hainan" hreflang="de"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hainan" hreflang="de"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42200" title="Link zum verbundenen Objekt im Datenrepositorium [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-Datenobjekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In anderen Sprachen</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%83%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%93%E1%8A%95" title="ሃይናን – Amharisch" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሃይናን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هاينان – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هاينان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haynan" title="Haynan – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Haynan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Zentralbikolano" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Zentralbikolano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хайнан – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хайнан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="হাইনান – Bengalisch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাইনান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9E%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧའེ་ནན་ཞིང་ཆེན། – Tibetisch" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧའེ་ནན་ཞིང་ཆེན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Bretonisch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%81i-n%C3%A0ng" title="Hāi-nàng – Min Dong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hāi-nàng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Min Dong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Tschetschenisch" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tschetschenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_Sheng" title="Hainan Sheng – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hainan Sheng" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ھاینان – Zentralkurdisch" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھاینان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Zentralkurdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haynan" title="Haynan – Krimtatarisch" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Haynan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimtatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaj-nan" title="Chaj-nan – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chaj-nan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Walisisch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Walisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Dänisch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Χαϊνάν – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαϊνάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnano" title="Hajnano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hajnano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainani_provints" title="Hainani provints – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hainani provints" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هاینان – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هاینان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Finnisch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Nordfriesisch" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Nordfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Westfriesisch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Irisch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97" title="海南 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="海南" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Gälisch (Schottland)" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gälisch (Schottland)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3i-n%C3%A0m" title="Hói-nàm – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hói-nàm" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9F" title="האינאן – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האינאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हाइनान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हाइनान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnan" title="Hajnan – Ungarisch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hajnan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B6_(%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3)" title="Հայնան (նահանգ) – Armenisch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հայնան (նահանգ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinco_Hainan" title="Provinco Hainan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Provinco Hainan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Isländisch" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Isländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省 – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="海南省" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ხაინანი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხაინანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Kongolesisch" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongolesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Kasachisch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="ហៃណាន – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហៃណាន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%9C%EC%84%B1" title="하이난성 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하이난성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Kurdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainania" title="Hainania – Latein" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hainania" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%AB%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ເກາະໄຫໜານ – Laotisch" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເກາະໄຫໜານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainanas" title="Hainanas – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hainanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haina%C5%86a" title="Hainaņa – Lettisch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hainaņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хајнан – Mazedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хајнан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Хайнань муж – Mongolisch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хайнань муж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯥꯟ – Meithei" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Meithei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हाइनान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हाइनान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هاینان – Masanderanisch" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هاینان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हाइनान – Nepalesisch" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हाइनान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Okzitanisch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਹਾਈਨਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਾਈਨਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Pampanggan" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanggan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnan" title="Hajnan – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hajnan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ہائینان – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہائینان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain%C3%A3o" title="Ainão – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ainão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_pruwinsya" title="Hainan pruwinsya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hainan pruwinsya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Jakutisch" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakutisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Sizilianisch" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sizilianisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Schottisch" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schottisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88" title="ھائنان صوبو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھائنان صوبو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Serbokroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbokroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaj-nan_(provincia)" title="Chaj-nan (provincia) – Slowakisch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chaj-nan (provincia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Slowenisch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хајнан – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хајнан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propinsi_Hainan" title="Propinsi Hainan – Sundanesisch" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Propinsi Hainan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Suaheli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suaheli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆய்னான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆய்னான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хайнан – Tadschikisch" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хайнан" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadschikisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B3" title="มณฑลไหหลำ – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มณฑลไหหลำ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BD%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Хәйнән – Tatarisch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хәйнән" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%95%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%95%D9%86_%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%84%D9%83%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="خەينەن ئۆلكىسى – Uigurisch" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="خەينەن ئۆلكىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uigurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хайнань – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хайнань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ہائنان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہائنان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaynan" title="Xaynan – Usbekisch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xaynan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Venetisch" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A3i_Nam" title="Hải Nam – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hải Nam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Wallonisch" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Wallonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hainan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="海南省" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჰაინანი – Mingrelisch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰაინანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haijnanz" title="Haijnanz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Haijnanz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海南省" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省 – Klassisches Chinesisch" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="海南省" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Klassisches Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1i-l%C3%A2m-s%C3%A9ng" title="Hái-lâm-séng – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hái-lâm-séng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97" title="海南 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="海南" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42200#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Links auf Artikel in anderen Sprachen bearbeiten" class="wbc-editpage">Links bearbeiten</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 30. 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