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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><script type='text/javascript' src='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/yui/3.6.0/yui/yui-min.js'></script><script type='text/javascript' src='//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js'></script><script type='text/javascript' src='https://assets.adobedtm.com/4a848ae9611a/d0e96722185b/launch-d525bb0064d8.min.js'></script><script type='text/javascript' src=/assets/nr_browser_production.js></script>  <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <title> "The Effect of Confirmation Bias in Criminal Investigative Decision Mak" by Wayne A. Wallace </title>  <meta itemprop="name" content="The Effect of Confirmation Bias in Criminal Investigative Decision Making"> <meta property="og:title" content="The Effect of Confirmation Bias in Criminal Investigative Decision Making"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="The Effect of Confirmation Bias in Criminal Investigative Decision Making"> <meta property="article:author" content="Wayne A. Wallace"> <meta name="author" content="Wayne A. Wallace"> <meta name="robots" content="noodp, noydir"> <meta name="description" content="Confirmation bias occurs when a person believes in or searches for evidence to support his or her favored theory while ignoring or excusing disconfirmatory evidence and is disinclined to change his or her belief once he or she arrives at a conclusion. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether emotionally charged evidence and evidence presentation order could influence an investigator's belief in a suspect's guilt. The study included 166 sworn police officers (basic training recruits, patrol officers, and criminal investigators) who completed online surveys in response to criminal vignettes across different scenarios to record their measure of guilt belief. Analysis of variance was used to assess the relationship between the 3 independent variables: duty assignment (recruit, patrol, investigator), scenario condition (child and adult sexual assault), and evidence presentation order (sequential, simultaneous, reverse sequential). The dependent variable was confirmation bias (Likert-scaled 0–10 guilt judgment). According to the study results, confirmation bias was least evident in criminal investigators with more experience and training, and both emotion and evidence presentation order can influence guilt judgment. The findings generalize to criminal investigators and attest to the importance of working to include and exclude suspects and to withhold judgment until all available evidence is analyzed. Investigators benefit from this study and through their improved decision making, society benefits as well. This study will contribute to the need for professional dialogue concerning objective fact finding by criminal investigators and avoiding incidents of wrongful conviction."> <meta itemprop="description" content="Confirmation bias occurs when a person believes in or searches for evidence to support his or her favored theory while ignoring or excusing disconfirmatory evidence and is disinclined to change his or her belief once he or she arrives at a conclusion. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether emotionally charged evidence and evidence presentation order could influence an investigator's belief in a suspect's guilt. The study included 166 sworn police officers (basic training recruits, patrol officers, and criminal investigators) who completed online surveys in response to criminal vignettes across different scenarios to record their measure of guilt belief. Analysis of variance was used to assess the relationship between the 3 independent variables: duty assignment (recruit, patrol, investigator), scenario condition (child and adult sexual assault), and evidence presentation order (sequential, simultaneous, reverse sequential). The dependent variable was confirmation bias (Likert-scaled 0–10 guilt judgment). According to the study results, confirmation bias was least evident in criminal investigators with more experience and training, and both emotion and evidence presentation order can influence guilt judgment. The findings generalize to criminal investigators and attest to the importance of working to include and exclude suspects and to withhold judgment until all available evidence is analyzed. Investigators benefit from this study and through their improved decision making, society benefits as well. This study will contribute to the need for professional dialogue concerning objective fact finding by criminal investigators and avoiding incidents of wrongful conviction."> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Confirmation bias occurs when a person believes in or searches for evidence to support his or her favored theory while ignoring or excusing disconfirmatory evidence and is disinclined to change his or her belief once he or she arrives at a conclusion. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether emotionally charged evidence and evidence presentation order could influence an investigator's belief in a suspect's guilt. The study included 166 sworn police officers (basic training recruits, patrol officers, and criminal investigators) who completed online surveys in response to criminal vignettes across different scenarios to record their measure of guilt belief. Analysis of variance was used to assess the relationship between the 3 independent variables: duty assignment (recruit, patrol, investigator), scenario condition (child and adult sexual assault), and evidence presentation order (sequential, simultaneous, reverse sequential). The dependent variable was confirmation bias (Likert-scaled 0–10 guilt judgment). According to the study results, confirmation bias was least evident in criminal investigators with more experience and training, and both emotion and evidence presentation order can influence guilt judgment. The findings generalize to criminal investigators and attest to the importance of working to include and exclude suspects and to withhold judgment until all available evidence is analyzed. Investigators benefit from this study and through their improved decision making, society benefits as well. This study will contribute to the need for professional dialogue concerning objective fact finding by criminal investigators and avoiding incidents of wrongful conviction."> <meta property="og:description" content="Confirmation bias occurs when a person believes in or searches for evidence to support his or her favored theory while ignoring or excusing disconfirmatory evidence and is disinclined to change his or her belief once he or she arrives at a conclusion. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether emotionally charged evidence and evidence presentation order could influence an investigator's belief in a suspect's guilt. The study included 166 sworn police officers (basic training recruits, patrol officers, and criminal investigators) who completed online surveys in response to criminal vignettes across different scenarios to record their measure of guilt belief. Analysis of variance was used to assess the relationship between the 3 independent variables: duty assignment (recruit, patrol, investigator), scenario condition (child and adult sexual assault), and evidence presentation order (sequential, simultaneous, reverse sequential). The dependent variable was confirmation bias (Likert-scaled 0–10 guilt judgment). According to the study results, confirmation bias was least evident in criminal investigators with more experience and training, and both emotion and evidence presentation order can influence guilt judgment. The findings generalize to criminal investigators and attest to the importance of working to include and exclude suspects and to withhold judgment until all available evidence is analyzed. Investigators benefit from this study and through their improved decision making, society benefits as well. This study will contribute to the need for professional dialogue concerning objective fact finding by criminal investigators and avoiding incidents of wrongful conviction."> <meta name="keywords" content="Social sciences, Bias, Confirmation, Criminal Forensic, Investigation, Psychology"> <meta name="bepress_citation_dissertation_institution" content="Walden University"> <meta name="bepress_citation_dissertation_name" content="Ph.D."> <meta name="bepress_citation_author" content="Wallace, Wayne A."> <meta name="bepress_citation_author_institution" content="Walden University"> <meta name="bepress_citation_title" content="The Effect of Confirmation Bias in Criminal Investigative Decision Making"> <meta name="bepress_citation_date" content="2016">   <meta name="bepress_citation_pdf_url" content="https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=hodgkinson"> <meta name="bepress_citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/hodgkinson/22"> <meta name="bepress_citation_online_date" content="2016/10/3"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">  <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/hodgkinson/22"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="ScholarWorks">  <script type="text/javascript"> (function(e,t){var n=e.amplitude||{_q:[],_iq:{}};var r=t.createElement("script") ;r.type="text/javascript";r.async=true ;r.src="https://cdn.amplitude.com/libs/amplitude-4.5.2-min.gz.js" ;r.integrity="5ceGNbvkytO+PTI82JRl6GwJjVCw6k79kP4le5L5/m0Zny1P7taAF6YVvC4z4Pgj" ;r.onload=function(){if(e.amplitude.runQueuedFunctions){ e.amplitude.runQueuedFunctions()}else{ console.log("[Amplitude] Error: could not load SDK")}} ;var i=t.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];i.parentNode.insertBefore(r,i) ;function s(e,t){e.prototype[t]=function(){ this._q.push([t].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,0)));return this}} var o=function(){this._q=[];return this} ;var a=["add","append","clearAll","prepend","set","setOnce","unset"] ;for(var u=0;u<a.length;u++){s(o,a[u])}n.Identify=o;var c=function(){this._q=[] ;return this} ;var l=["setProductId","setQuantity","setPrice","setRevenueType","setEventProperties"] ;for(var p=0;p<l.length;p++){s(c,l[p])}n.Revenue=c ;var d=["init","logEvent","logRevenue","setUserId","setUserProperties","setOptOut","setVersionName","setDomain","setDeviceId","setGlobalUserProperties","identify","clearUserProperties","setGroup","logRevenueV2","regenerateDeviceId","groupIdentify","logEventWithTimestamp","logEventWithGroups","setSessionId","resetSessionId"] ;function v(e){function t(t){e[t]=function(){ e._q.push([t].concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,0)))}} for(var n=0;n<d.length;n++){t(d[n])}}v(n);n.getInstance=function(e){ e=(!e||e.length===0?"$default_instance":e).toLowerCase() ;if(!n._iq.hasOwnProperty(e)){n._iq[e]={_q:[]};v(n._iq[e])}return n._iq[e]} ;e.amplitude=n})(window,document); 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Hodgkinson Award for Outstanding Dissertation</a></h2></div> <div style="clear: both"></div><div id="sub"> <div id="alpha"> <div id='title' class='element'> <h1><a href='https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=hodgkinson'>The Effect of Confirmation Bias in Criminal Investigative Decision Making</a></h1> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='authors' class='element'> <h2 class='visually-hidden'>Author</h2> <p class="author"><a href='https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/do/search/?q=bp_author_id%3A%227a589e3c-39bc-4d4c-a9b7-a63a1466914e%22%20OR%20%28author%3A%22Wayne%20A.%20Wallace%22%20AND%20-bp_author_id%3A%5B%2A%20TO%20%2A%5D%29&start=0&context=2169507'><strong>Wayne A. Wallace</strong>, <em>Walden University</em></a><a rel="nofollow" href="https://network.bepress.com/api/follow/subscribe?user=ZTRlMDIwYjk1OTE1ODU1NA%3D%3D&institution=ZDQ4YzRmZjgwODg0MzQ4Nw%3D%3D&format=html" data-follow-set="user:ZTRlMDIwYjk1OTE1ODU1NA== institution:ZDQ4YzRmZjgwODg0MzQ4Nw==" title="Follow Wayne A. Wallace" class="btn followable">Follow</a><br /> </p></div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='award_date' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Date of Award</h2> <p>2016</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='degree_name' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Degree</h2> <p>Ph.D.</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='department' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>School</h2> <p>Psychology</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='advisor1' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Advisor</h2> <p>Kristen Beyer</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> <div id='abstract' class='element'> <h2 class='field-heading'>Abstract</h2> <p>Confirmation bias occurs when a person believes in or searches for evidence to support his or her favored theory while ignoring or excusing disconfirmatory evidence and is disinclined to change his or her belief once he or she arrives at a conclusion. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether emotionally charged evidence and evidence presentation order could influence an investigator's belief in a suspect's guilt. The study included 166 sworn police officers (basic training recruits, patrol officers, and criminal investigators) who completed online surveys in response to criminal vignettes across different scenarios to record their measure of guilt belief. Analysis of variance was used to assess the relationship between the 3 independent variables: duty assignment (recruit, patrol, investigator), scenario condition (child and adult sexual assault), and evidence presentation order (sequential, simultaneous, reverse sequential). The dependent variable was confirmation bias (Likert-scaled 0–10 guilt judgment). According to the study results, confirmation bias was least evident in criminal investigators with more experience and training, and both emotion and evidence presentation order can influence guilt judgment. The findings generalize to criminal investigators and attest to the importance of working to include and exclude suspects and to withhold judgment until all available evidence is analyzed. Investigators benefit from this study and through their improved decision making, society benefits as well. This study will contribute to the need for professional dialogue concerning objective fact finding by criminal investigators and avoiding incidents of wrongful conviction.</p> </div> <div class='clear'></div> </div> </div> <div id='beta_7-3'>     <div class="aside download-button"> <a id="pdf" class="btn" href="https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=hodgkinson" title="PDF (909 KB) opens in new window" target="_blank" > <i class="icon-download-alt" aria-hidden="true"></i> Download </a> </div>         <div id="article-stats" class="aside hidden"> <p class="article-downloads-wrapper hidden"><span id="article-downloads"></span> DOWNLOADS</p> <p class="article-stats-date hidden">Since October 03, 2016</p> </div>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/scripts/article-downloads.pack.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> insertDownloads(9226308); </script>  <script> // bind to event when PlumX widget loads jQuery('body').bind('plum:widget-load', 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