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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F28102131%2FHow_old_is_the_Hawaiian_biota_Geology_and_phylogeny_suggest_recent_divergence%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F28102131%2FHow_old_is_the_Hawaiian_biota_Geology_and_phylogeny_suggest_recent_divergence%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":48417039,"identifier":"Attachment_48417039","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":28102131,"created_at":"2016-08-29T12:31:58.212-07:00","from_world_paper_id":156993052,"updated_at":"2024-11-14T11:09:46.857-08:00","_data":{"grobid_abstract":"This study quantifies long-term landscape changes in the Hawaiian archipelago relating to dispersal, speciation and extinction. Accounting for volcano growth, subsidence and erosion, we modelled the elevations of islands at time intervals of 0.5 Myr for the last 32 Myr; we also assessed the variation in the spacing of volcanoes during this period. The size, spacing and total number of volcanic islands have varied greatly over time, with the current landscape of large, closely spaced islands preceded by a period with smaller, more distantly spaced islands. Considering associated changes in rates of dispersal and speciation, much of the present species pool is probably the result of recent colonization from outside the archipelago and divergence within contemporary islands, with limited dispersal from older islands. This view is in accordance with abundant phylogenetic studies of Hawaiian organisms that estimate the timing of colonization and divergence within the archipelago. Twelve out of 15 multi-species lineages have diverged within the lifetime of the current high islands (last 5 Myr). Three of these, and an additional seven (mostly singlespecies) lineages, have colonized the archipelago within this period. The timing of colonization of other lineages remains uncertain.","publication_date":"2002,,","publication_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"48417039"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"How old is the Hawaiian biota? Geology and phylogeny suggest recent divergence","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [32506910]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":48417039,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “How old is the Hawaiian biota? 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Geology and phylogeny suggest recent divergence</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32506910" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidClague"><img alt="Profile image of David Clague" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />David Clague</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2002, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">8 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 28102131; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=28102131"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":48417039,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/28102131/How_old_is_the_Hawaiian_biota_Geology_and_phylogeny_suggest_recent_divergence"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":48417039,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/28102131/How_old_is_the_Hawaiian_biota_Geology_and_phylogeny_suggest_recent_divergence"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="48417039" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/28102131/How_old_is_the_Hawaiian_biota_Geology_and_phylogeny_suggest_recent_divergence" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="50287519" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50287519/Hawaiian_biogeography_Evolution_on_a_hot_spot_archipelago">Hawaiian biogeography. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/20778454/PACT_in_practice_comparative_historical_biogeographic_patterns_and_species_area_relationships_of_the_Greater_Antillean_and_Hawaiian_Island_terrestrial_biotas"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="8434618" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8434618/The_importance_of_molecular_dating_analyses_for_inferring_Hawaiian_biogeographical_history_a_case_study_with_bark_lice_Psocidae_Ptycta_">The importance of molecular dating analyses for inferring Hawaiian biogeographical history: a case study with bark lice (Psocidae: Ptycta)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7483143" href="https://usda-ars.academia.edu/EmilieBess">Emilie Bess</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Aim The use of intuitive or explicit biogeographical reconstruction techniques to estimate the timing of species radiations on the Hawaiian Islands, while often incorporating evidence on the timing of island formation, may be misleading if the effects of extinction are overlooked. Using phylogenies of the bark louse genus Ptycta (Psocidae), we compare results from biogeographical character mapping to those from molecular dating analyses. These results are used to evaluate the ‘progression model’, which predicts an oldest-to-youngest pattern of island colonization. Location The main Hawaiian Islands (Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Lanai, Molokai and Hawaii). Methods With a data set including 101 Hawaiian Ptycta specimens and 18 outgroup species, we constructed molecular phylogenies based on sequences of the nuclear gene wingless and mitochondrial genes 12S, 16S and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Maximum-likelihood, maximum-parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were used. We used BEAST to estimate a time-calibrated tree under a relaxed clock model. Results Our analyses suggested a single colonization event, followed by extensive movement of Ptycta among islands and species radiations within and between islands. This monophyletic radiation is composed of two well-supported clades that are also supported by two synapomorphic characters of the male genitalia. Main conclusions Very different biogeographical patterns are inferred by molecular dating versus approaches based on character mapping. Simple biogeographical reconstruction over the molecular phylogeny supports a pattern of youngest-to-oldest island colonization, the reverse of that predicted by the ‘progression model’, and implies that this radiation could be as young as the most recent islands of Maui (1.4 Ma) or Hawaii (0.5 Ma). Molecular dating, however, infers a pattern consistent with oldest-to-youngest island colonization, and suggests a lineage age of 7.1 Ma . Extinction on the oldest island of Kauai may account for the differences in results between the two analyses.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The importance of molecular dating analyses for inferring Hawaiian biogeographical history: a case study with bark lice (Psocidae: Ptycta)","attachmentId":34824334,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8434618/The_importance_of_molecular_dating_analyses_for_inferring_Hawaiian_biogeographical_history_a_case_study_with_bark_lice_Psocidae_Ptycta_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8434618/The_importance_of_molecular_dating_analyses_for_inferring_Hawaiian_biogeographical_history_a_case_study_with_bark_lice_Psocidae_Ptycta_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="1989583" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1989583/Molecular_biogeography_and_diversification_of_the_endemic_terrestrial_fauna_of_the_Hawaiian_Islands">Molecular biogeography and diversification of the endemic terrestrial fauna of the Hawaiian Islands</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2592839" href="https://hpu.academia.edu/BrendenHolland">Brenden Holland</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Science, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Molecular biogeography and diversification of the endemic terrestrial fauna of the Hawaiian Islands","attachmentId":28814545,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1989583/Molecular_biogeography_and_diversification_of_the_endemic_terrestrial_fauna_of_the_Hawaiian_Islands","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1989583/Molecular_biogeography_and_diversification_of_the_endemic_terrestrial_fauna_of_the_Hawaiian_Islands"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="26156549" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26156549/Origin_and_Evolution_of_Hawaiiam_Endemics_New_Patterns_Revealed_by_Molecular_Phylogenetic_Studies">Origin and Evolution of Hawaiiam Endemics: New Patterns Revealed by Molecular Phylogenetic Studies</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32856123" href="https://manoa-hawaii.academia.edu/SterlingKeeley">Sterling Keeley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">4 Origin and evolution of Hawaiian endemics: new patterns revealed by molecular phylogenetic studies S t e r l i n g C. K e e l e y a n d V i c k i A . F u n k The current high islands of the Hawaiian archipelago are among the most remote land masses in the world. They lie 3500 km from California, the nearest contin-ental source, and approximately 2300 km from the Marquesas , the nearest islands (Fig. 4.1). They are the southernmost islands in the Hawaiian Ridge , formed succes-sively over a &#39;hot spot&#39; that has allowed magma to penetrate the Pacifi c Plate. The plate has moved gradually north and northwestwards over the past 85 Ma, leaving the previously formed islands to gradually erode and subside (Clague, 1996). The current high islands (Fig. 4.1 , inset) range in age from Kauai /Niihau (5.1–4.9 Ma), to Oahu (3.7–2.6 Ma), to Maui Nui (2.2–1.2 Ma), during the Pleistocene compris-ing several islands – West Maui (1.3 Ma), East Maui (0.75 Ma), Molokai (1.76–1.90 Ma), Lanai (1...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Origin and Evolution of Hawaiiam Endemics: New Patterns Revealed by Molecular Phylogenetic Studies","attachmentId":46486092,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26156549/Origin_and_Evolution_of_Hawaiiam_Endemics_New_Patterns_Revealed_by_Molecular_Phylogenetic_Studies","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26156549/Origin_and_Evolution_of_Hawaiiam_Endemics_New_Patterns_Revealed_by_Molecular_Phylogenetic_Studies"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="12325833" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12325833/The_maximum_age_of_Hawaiian_terrestrial_lineages_geological_constraints_from_K%C5%8Dko_Seamount">The maximum age of Hawaiian terrestrial lineages: geological constraints from Kōko Seamount</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30981642" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WillemRenema">Willem Renema</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of …, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The maximum age of Hawaiian terrestrial lineages: geological constraints from Kōko Seamount","attachmentId":46241182,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12325833/The_maximum_age_of_Hawaiian_terrestrial_lineages_geological_constraints_from_K%C5%8Dko_Seamount","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12325833/The_maximum_age_of_Hawaiian_terrestrial_lineages_geological_constraints_from_K%C5%8Dko_Seamount"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="77512728" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77512728/Species_Differentiation_on_a_Dynamic_Landscape_Shifts_in_Metapopulation_Genetic_Structure_Using_the_Chronology_of_the_Hawaiian_Archipelago">Species Differentiation on a Dynamic Landscape: Shifts in Metapopulation Genetic Structure Using the Chronology of the Hawaiian Archipelago</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="947221" 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data-author-id="216466928" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HowarthFrancis">Francis Howarth</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A second endemic land mammal for the Hawaiian Islands","attachmentId":108402862,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110651365/A_second_endemic_land_mammal_for_the_Hawaiian_Islands","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110651365/A_second_endemic_land_mammal_for_the_Hawaiian_Islands"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Molecular Ecology, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Patterns and processes in complex landscapes: testing alternative biogeographical hypotheses through integrated analysis of phylogeography and community ecology in Hawai'i","attachmentId":42090410,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21568816/Patterns_and_processes_in_complex_landscapes_testing_alternative_biogeographical_hypotheses_through_integrated_analysis_of_phylogeography_and_community_ecology_in_Hawaii","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Systematic Biology, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Patterns of Endangerment in the Hawaiian Flora","attachmentId":68065848,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49866624/Patterns_of_Endangerment_in_the_Hawaiian_Flora","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49866624/Patterns_of_Endangerment_in_the_Hawaiian_Flora"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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href="https://manoa-hawaii.academia.edu/RobToonen">Rob Toonen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Marine biology, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Endemism and dispersal: comparative phylogeography of three surgeonfishes across the Hawaiian Archipelago","attachmentId":5823507,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/950050/Endemism_and_dispersal_comparative_phylogeography_of_three_surgeonfishes_across_the_Hawaiian_Archipelago","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/950050/Endemism_and_dispersal_comparative_phylogeography_of_three_surgeonfishes_across_the_Hawaiian_Archipelago"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="67263128" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67263128/Sun_surf_and_spiders_taxonomy_and_phylogeography_of_Hawaiian_Araneae">Sun, surf and spiders: taxonomy and phylogeography of Hawaiian Araneae</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1564526" href="https://hawaii.academia.edu/MaliaAnaRivera">Malia Ana Rivera</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sun, surf and spiders: taxonomy and phylogeography of Hawaiian Araneae","attachmentId":78144823,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67263128/Sun_surf_and_spiders_taxonomy_and_phylogeography_of_Hawaiian_Araneae","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67263128/Sun_surf_and_spiders_taxonomy_and_phylogeography_of_Hawaiian_Araneae"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="15" data-entity-id="989932" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/989932/Endemism_and_dispersal_comparative_phylogeography_of_three_surgeonfish_species_across_the_Hawaiian_Archipelago">Endemism and dispersal: comparative phylogeography of three surgeonfish species across the Hawaiian Archipelago</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="823780" href="https://hawaii.academia.edu/BrianBowen">Brian Bowen</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Endemism and dispersal: comparative 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data-entity-id="122082781" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/122082781/Gene_flow_and_species_cohesion_following_the_spread_of_Schiedea_globosa_Caryophyllaceae_across_the_Hawaiian_Islands">Gene flow and species cohesion following the spread of Schiedea globosa (Caryophyllaceae) across the Hawaiian Islands</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53481654" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChristopherDixon4">Christopher Dixon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Gene flow and species cohesion following the spread of 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