Grab A Partagé Son Experience Sur La Conception De Plate-formes De Données Distribuées

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Subscribe for free.</p> </div> </a> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </header>  <main> <article data-type="news" class="article"> <section class="section container white"> <div class="container__inner"> <p class="crumbs"> <span data-nosnippet><a href="/fr" title="Accueil InfoQ">Accueil InfoQ</a></span> <span data-nosnippet><a href="/fr/news" title="Actualités">Actualités</a></span> <span data-nosnippet class="active">Grab A Partagé Son Experience Sur La Conception De Plate-formes De Données Distribuées</span> </p> <div class="actions"> <div class="actions__left"> <div class="article__category ai-ml-data-eng"> <a href="/ai-ml-data-eng/" class="article__tag box--info" title="Data Science"> Data Science </a> </div> </div> <div class="actions__right"> </div> </div> <div class="actions heading__container article__heading"> <div class="actions__left"> <h1 class="heading"> Grab A Partagé Son Experience Sur La Conception De Plate-formes De Données Distribuées </h1> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $("#translated_"+InfoQConstants.userDetectedCountryCode.toLowerCase()).show(); </script> <div class="columns article__explore"> <div class="column article__main" data-col="4/6"> <div class="column article__metadata metadata"> <div class="actions__left article__actions actions__sidebar"> <button id="toggleLikeContent" class="icon button button__icon like button__gray icon__like" aria-label="J'aime">J'aime</button> <button id="bookmarkBtn" data-ref="bookmarkPage" aria-label="Lire plus tard" class="login button__gray button button__icon icon icon__bookmark icon--only"> </button> <a id="showBookmarks" href="/fr/showbookmarks.action" class="button button__gray button__icon icon icon__bookmark">Favoris</a> <div id="toastContainer" class="toast-none toast-hide"> <div class="toast"><span></span></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> if(loggedIn){ $('#showBookmarks').show(); } function performBookmark() { Bookmarks.toggleBookmark('news', '2022/10/grab-data-platform'); } infoq.event.on('bookmarkRequested', function(e) { Bookmarks.toggleBookmark('news', '2022/10/grab-data-platform'); }); infoq.event.on("loaded", function(){ if(loggedIn){ var href = window.location.href; if(href.indexOf("#bookmarkPage") != -1){ $('#bookmarkBtn').click(); } } }); $(document).ready(function() { if(Bookmarks.isContentBookmarked == 'true'){ $('#bookmarkBtn').addClass('button__green'); $('#bookmarkBtn').removeClass('button__gray'); }else{ $('#bookmarkBtn').removeClass('button__green'); $('#bookmarkBtn').addClass('button__gray'); } }); </script> </div> <p class="article__readTime date">18 oct. 2022<span class="dot"></span> 3 min(s) de lecture </p> <div class="widget article__authors"> <div> <p class="meta">par</p> <ul class="no-style authors"> <li data-id="author-Reza-Rahimi"> <p class="meta author__bio"> <a href="/fr/profile/Reza-Rahimi/" class="avatar author__avatar" aria-label="Reza Rahimi"></a> <span class="author__name"> <a href="/fr/profile/Reza-Rahimi/" class="author__link">Reza Rahimi</a> </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <p class="meta">traduit par</p> <ul class="no-style authors"> <li data-id="author-Sylvie-Knaff"> <p class="meta author__bio"> <a href="/fr/profile/Sylvie-Knaff/" class="avatar author__avatar" aria-label="Sylvie Knaff"></a> <span class="author__name"> <a href="/fr/profile/Sylvie-Knaff/" class="author__link">Sylvie Knaff</a> </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="widgets"></div> </div> <div class="article__content">   <script type="application/javascript"> var playing = false; function ttsPlaying(content_url) { if (!playing) { gtag('event', 'GA4_EVENT', { 'category': 'tts', 'action': 'play', 'label': content_url }); playing = true; } } </script> <div> </div> <div class="article__data"> <p dir="ltr">Dans un article publié récemment sur <a href="http://engineering.grab.com/how-we-store-millions-orders">son blog</a>, <a href="https://engineering.grab.com/categories/engineering/">Grab engineering</a> partageait son expérience sur la conception de sa plateforme de données backend.</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.grab.com/sg/">GrabApp</a> est une application qui permet aux clients de sélectionner et d'acheter des produits de tous les jours auprès de leurs commerçants. Pour être évolutive et gérable, la plate-forme de données distribuées et l'ingestion doivent être tolérantes aux pannes. Pour concevoir ce système, comme expliqué dans l'article publié sur le blog, ils ont classé les requêtes en deux classes principales. Ils ont rédigé des requêtes comme s'ils créaient et mettaient à jour une commande, lu des requêtes pour obtenir un numéro de commande (orderID), traduit les statistiques associées à l'utilisateur ID, etc. On peut facilement ranger ces deux types de requêtes en lecture/écriture comme s'il s'agissait de requêtes transactionnelles et analytiques.</p> <p dir="ltr">Les requêtes transactionnelles sont également appelées OLTP ou Traitement Transactionnel En Ligne (en anglais <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_transaction_processing">Online Transactional Processing</a>). Et les requêtes analytiques sont appelées OLAP ou Processus Analytique En Ligne (en anglais <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_transaction_processing">Online Analytical Processing</a>). Ces deux types de stockage de données et leur utilisation sont illustrés dans la figure suivante :</p> <p dir="ltr"><img alt="" data-src="news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/fr/resources/2image3-1665424395883.jpg" style="width: 570px; height: 302px;" src="https://imgopt.infoq.com/fit-in/3000x4000/filters:quality(85)/filters:no_upscale()/news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/fr/resources/2image3-1665424395883.jpg" rel="share"></p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="http://engineering.grab.com/how-we-store-millions-orders">Plate-forme de base de données pour une commande passée en ligne dans Grab</a></p> <p dir="ltr">Pour les requêtes transactionnelles, les ingénieurs ont utilisé <a href="http://aws.amazon.com/dynamodb/?trk=94bf4df1-96e1-4046-a020-b07a2be0d712&sc_channel=ps&s_kwcid=AL!4422!3!610000101513!e!!g!!aws%20dynamodb&ef_id=Cj0KCQjw4omaBhDqARIsADXULuXi0kco3XqQIdwI1DIlObGp7V9qutSQg_QEptPpJCsfo07x_Blh34waAk5CEALw_wcB:G:s&s_kwcid=AL!4422!3!610000101513!e!!g!!aws%20dynamodb"> AWS DynamoDB</a>. DynamoDB est une base de données clé-valeur élastique et évolutive. Elle supporte une clé primaire forte et durable. Ci-dessous un exemple de table DynamoDB :<br />  </p> <p dir="ltr"><img alt="" data-src="news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/fr/resources/1image2-1665424395883.jpg" style="width: 820px; height: 461px;" src="https://imgopt.infoq.com/fit-in/3000x4000/filters:quality(85)/filters:no_upscale()/news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/fr/resources/1image2-1665424395883.jpg" rel="share"></p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="http://engineering.grab.com/how-we-store-millions-orders">Exemple</a><a href="http://engineering.grab.com/how-we-store-millions-orders"> de table DynamoDB</a></p> <p dir="ltr">Comme expliqué dans <a href="http://engineering.grab.com/how-we-store-millions-orders">l'article publié sur le blog</a>  :</p> <blockquote> <p dir="ltr">Chaque table DynamoDB comporte de nombreux éléments avec attribut. Chaque élément contient une clé de partition et une clé de tri. La clé de partition est utilisée pour les requêtes clé-valeur et la clé de tri est utilisée pour les requêtes de plage. Dans notre cas, la table contient plusieurs articles de commande. La clé de partition est l'ID de commande. On peut facilement supporter les requêtes clé-valeur grâce à la clé de partition. Les requêtes par lot telles que "Consulter les commandes en cours par identifiant" sont supportées par DynamoDB Global Secondary Index (GSI). Un GSI est comme une table DynamoDB normale qui possède également des clés et des attributs.</p> </blockquote> <p dir="ltr"> </p> <p dir="ltr">En utilisant DynamoDB, les ingénieurs se sont servis des attributs de durée de vie (<a href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/TTL.html">TTL</a>) pour gérer la rétention. Ils ont ainsi pu contrôler la taille de la table et le coût.</p> <p dir="ltr">Quant aux requêtes analytiques, les ingénieurs de Grab ont utilisé <a href="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</a>. Les graphiques suivants montrent l'architecture OLAP.<img alt="" data-src="news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/fr/resources/4image1-1665424395883.jpg" style="width: 565px; height: 492px;" src="https://imgopt.infoq.com/fit-in/3000x4000/filters:quality(85)/filters:no_upscale()/news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/fr/resources/4image1-1665424395883.jpg" rel="share"></p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="http://engineering.grab.com/how-we-store-millions-orders">Utilisation de Kafka pour connecter le flux de données aux magasins de données OLTP et OLAP</a></p> <p dir="ltr">On utilise <a href="http://kafka.apache.org/">Kafka</a> pour traiter les données de flux correspondant aux données OLTP et OLAP. Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) est utilisé pour les nouvelles tentatives et donc garantir une fiabilité et une disponibilité élevées de Kafka.</p> <p dir="ltr">L'article publié sur le blog l'explique ainsi :</p> <blockquote> <p dir="ltr">Même si Kafka peut fournir un SLA à 99,95 %, il existe toujours un risque de défaillance du producteur de flux. Lorsque l'API de producteur Kafka échoue, on stocke le message dans un Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) et on ré-essaie. Si la nouvelle tentative échoue également, elle sera déplacée en file d'attente de lettres mortes SQS (DLQ), pour être consommée ultérieurement. Du côté du consommateur de flux, on utilise une nouvelle tentative d'interruption au niveau du flux et de la base de données pour garantir sa cohérence. Dans le pire des cas, on peut rembobiner les événements de flux de Kafka. Il est important que le pipeline d'ingestion de données gère les messages en double et les messages en désordre. Les messages en double sont gérés par la clé unique au niveau de la base de données (par exemple, ID de commande + heure de création).</p> </blockquote> <p dir="ltr">La conception d'une architecture à deux couches pour les plates-formes de données comme celle de OLTP et OLAP est un moyen clair de s'assurer que l'équipe d'ingénierie est capable de se concentrer sur l'évolutivité, la disponibilité et l'observabilité élevées de ces deux couches.</p> <div class="author-section-full">  <h2>Au sujet de l’Auteur</h2>  <div class="author" data-id="author-Reza-Rahimi">  <a href="/fr/profile/Reza-Rahimi/" class="avatar author__avatar" aria-label="Reza Rahimi"> </a> <div class="content-author"> <h4><strong>Reza Rahimi</strong></h4> <div class="show-author-bio"> <p>  </p> <span> <div class="icon button-icon icon__plus-circle"></div><span class="show-more">En savoir plus</span><span class="show-less">Voir moins</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="" value="Merci d'avoir donné votre avis!" id="cr_messages_submitSuccess"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="Evaluation nécessaire" id="cr_messages_ratingRequired"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="Grab A Partagé Son Experience Sur La Conception De Plate-formes De Données Distribuées" id="cr_item_title"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="Reza Rahimi" id="cr_item_author"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="http://www.infoq.com/fr/news/2022/10/grab-data-platform/" id="cr_item_url"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="news" id="cr_item_ctype"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="fr" id="cr_item_lang"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="1666076880000" id="cr_item_published_time"/> <input type="hidden" name="" value="4523" id="cr_item_primary_topic"/> <script type="text/javascript"> ContentRating.readMessages(); 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} else // native widgets + content widgets if(window.contentVcrFinished && (window.finishedVcrOptional1 || window.finishedVcrOptional1 === undefined) && (window.finishedVcrOptional2 || window.finishedVcrOptional2 === undefined)) { shouldTrack = true; } // we start tracking only after the page is fully loaded, frontend signals that they finished everything related to page display. if(shouldTrack && pageFullyLoaded) { clearInterval(intervalImpressions); Tracker.safeExec(Tracker.doTrackVcrImpressions); // start tracking viewable impressions also only after everything is ready function callbackRouter(entries, observer) { var targets = new Array(); entries.forEach(function (entry) { var target = entry.target; if (target.dataset.trkView === 'false') return; if (entry.intersectionRatio > 0) { target.dataset.trkView = false; targets.push(target); } }); Tracker.doTrackViewableImpressions(targets); } var elementsForTrackingViewableImpressions = document.querySelectorAll('[data-trk-view="true"]') var observer = new IntersectionObserver(callbackRouter, { threshold: 0.3 }); elementsForTrackingViewableImpressions.forEach(observer.observe.bind(observer)); } }, 500); } $(document).ready(function () { // desktop notifications widget Tracker.encodeNotificationLinks($(".f_notificationWidget")); // mobile notifications widget Tracker.encodeNotificationLinks($(".h_notifications")); // desktop notifications page Tracker.encodeNotificationLinks($(".notification-page")); // mobile notifications page Tracker.encodeNotificationLinks($(".notifications_page")); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if(window.location.hash){ var hash = window.location.hash.substring(1); if(hash == 'subscribe'){ $('html,body').animate({scrollTop: $('.ftxt3 > .newsletter').offset().top}, 'slow'); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var newsletterSubscriptionURL ='/fr/newsletter/subscribe.action'; DynamicLinks.updateRssLinks('XnLuCjIf6z9BHCGZ6Nd4R76O32258ENr'); ContentSummary.setSelectedTab('fr'); //when user enters the main content area show default topics in the topics bar $("#content-wrapper").mouseenter(function() { showDefaultTopics(); }); Bookmarks.contentTitle = "Grab A Partagé Son Experience Sur La Conception De Plate-formes De Données Distribuées"; Bookmarks.apiUrl = '/widgets/bookmark.action'; Bookmarks.isContentBookmarked = "false"; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var $buoop = {vs:{i:6,f:1,o:10.1,s:1}} $buoop.ol = window.onload; $(document).ready(function() { try {if ($buoop.ol) $buoop.ol();}catch (e) {} var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute("src", "https://cdn.infoq.com/statics_s2_20241128133046/scripts/lib/browser-update-org/update.js"); document.body.appendChild(e); }); </script> <script type='text/javascript'> try { mixpanel.track('page viewed', { 'page name' : document.title, 'url' : window.location.pathname }); } catch(err) { } </script>  <script src="https://cc.cdn.civiccomputing.com/9/cookieControl-9.x.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script> const config = { apiKey: '8910ea974a96ffb6f927952b4ae9b9b0cc3e5973', product: 'PRO_MULTISITE', // general settings consentCookieExpiry: 90, encodeCookie: true, sameSiteCookie: true, // if false, cookie set as SameSite=None;secure; sameSiteValue: ';secure', // either 'Strict', 'Lax', or 'None' subDomains: true, initialState: 'notify', // 'notify','top','box' require pro licence notifyOnce: false, setInnerHTML: true, //layout settings layout: 'slideout', position: 'left', theme: 'light', acceptButton: true, rejectButton: true, closeOnGlobalChange: true, closeStyle: 'icon', toggleType: 'slider', notifyDismissButton: true, settingsStyle: 'link', excludedCountries: ['US'], /*accessibility: { disableSiteScrolling: true, },*/ statement: { description: 'For more detailed information about the cookies we use, see our', name: 'Cookie Policy', url: 'https://www.infoq.com/cookie-policy', updated: '01/01/2024', }, // cookies starting from 'cookie_expire' are from live.infoq.com but since we use the same tool on the same domain we need to specify those too so // that infoq.com cookieControl does not delete live.infoq.com cookies(also infoq.com cookies have been specified in live.infoq.com cookieControl configs) necessaryCookies: ['RegUserCookie', 'UserCookie', 'IdpCookie', 'ConversionTrackingV2_','PSAdialog','*P13NWN*','topbarSurvey','__bkm','JSESSIONID','mp_','_mixpanel','CloudFront-Key-Pair-Id','CloudFront-Policy','CloudFront-Signature','cookie_expire','discount_promo_closed','discount_promo_code','discount_promo_submitted','exit_survey_popup','referrer_popup','voting_popup_*','AWSALB','AWSALBCORS'], optionalCookies: [ { name: 'analytics', label: 'Analytics', description: 'Analytical cookies help us to improve our website by collecting and reporting information on its usage.', cookies: ['_ga', '_ga*', '_gid', '_gat', '__utma', '__utmt', '__utmb', '__utmc', '__utmz', '__utmv'], onAccept: function(){ gtag('consent', 'update', {'analytics_storage': 'granted'}); }, onRevoke: function(){ gtag('consent', 'update', {'analytics_storage': 'denied'}); } }, { name: 'marketing', label: 'Advertising', description: 'We use advertising cookies to display advertisements to you for our products.', onAccept: function(){ gtag('consent', 'update', {'ad_storage': 'granted', 'ad_personalization': 'granted', 'ad_user_data': 'granted'}); }, onRevoke: function(){ gtag('consent', 'update', {'ad_storage': 'denied', 'ad_personalization': 'denied', 'ad_user_data': 'denied'}); } } ], text : { // main preference panels title: '<h3>Our use of cookies</h3>', intro: 'We use necessary cookies to make our site work. Functional cookies help enhance the performance and functionality of the site. '+ 'We\'d also like to set analytics cookies to help us improve your experience by measuring how you use the site. '+ 'These will be set only if you accept. ', acceptSettings: 'I Accept', rejectSettings: 'I Do Not Accept', necessaryTitle : '<h3>Necessary Cookies</h3>', necessaryDescription : 'Necessary cookies enable core functionality ' + 'such as page navigation and access to secure areas. '+ 'The website cannot function properly without '+ 'these cookies, and can only be disabled by changing '+ 'your browser preferences.', closeLabel: 'Close Cookie Control', cornerButton: 'Set cookie preferences', // main preference panel controls on: 'On', off : 'Off', thirdPartyTitle : 'Some cookies require your attention', thirdPartyDescription : 'Consent for the following cookies could not be '+ 'automatically revoked. Please follow the link(s) '+ 'below to opt out manually.', // notification panels (only accessible for pro licences) notifyTitle : 'Your choice regarding cookies on this site', notifyDescription : 'We use cookies to optimise site functionality and '+ 'give you the best possible experience.', accept : 'I Accept', reject: 'I Do Not Accept', settings : 'Settings', }, branding : { removeAbout: true, }, }; // do not load this for local envs only. for testing on local envs remove/modify this condition if(InfoQConstants.pageUrl.indexOf('local')===-1){ CookieControl.load( config ); } </script> </body> </html>

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