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He composed it as an audition piece for the position of <a href="/wiki/Thomaskantor" title="Thomaskantor">director of church music</a> in <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>, and he first performed it there in a church service at the <a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Church,_Leipzig" title="St. Thomas Church, Leipzig">Thomaskirche</a> on 7 February 1723. The work begins with a scene from the <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Jesus_predicts_his_death" title="Jesus predicts his death">Jesus predicts his suffering in Jerusalem</a>, and is not understood by his disciples. Bach showed, setting the prescribed text of an unknown poet, that he mastered the composition of a dramatic scene, an expressive <a href="/wiki/Aria" title="Aria">aria</a> with <a href="/wiki/Obbligato" title="Obbligato">obbligato</a> oboe, a <a href="/wiki/Recitative" title="Recitative">recitative</a> with <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">strings</a>, an exuberant dance, and a <a href="/wiki/Chorale" title="Chorale">chorale</a> in the style of <a href="/wiki/Johann_Kuhnau" title="Johann Kuhnau">Johann Kuhnau</a>, his predecessor in Leipzig. According to the Bach scholar <a href="/wiki/Richard_D._P._Jones" title="Richard D. P. Jones">Richard D. P. Jones</a>, several elements of the work such as a "frame of biblical text and chorale around the operatic forms of aria and recitative" became standards for <a href="/wiki/Bach_cantata" title="Bach cantata">Bach's Leipzig cantatas</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Passions_(Bach)" title="Passions (Bach)">his Passions</a>. (<b><a href="/wiki/Jesus_nahm_zu_sich_die_Zw%C3%B6lfe,_BWV_22" title="Jesus nahm zu sich die Zwölfe, BWV 22">Full article...</a></b>) </p> <div class="tfa-recent" style="text-align: right;"> Recently featured: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_Seddon" title="Rhea Seddon">Rhea Seddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Robert_Chase" title="Colin Robert Chase">Colin Robert Chase</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Made_in_the_Dark" title="Made in the Dark">Made in the Dark</a></i></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist tfa-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Today%27s_featured_article/February_2023" title="Wikipedia:Today's featured article/February 2023">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/daily-article-l.lists.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles" title="Wikipedia:Featured articles">More featured articles</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About_Today%27s_featured_article" title="Wikipedia:About Today's featured article">About</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="Did_you_know_..." id="mp-dyk-h2" class="mp-h2" data-mw-thread-id="h-mp-dyk-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-mp-dyk-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span>Did you know ...<span data-mw-comment-end="h-mp-dyk-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span></h2> <div id="mp-dyk" class="mp-contains-float"> <div class="dyk-img" style="float: right; margin-left: 0.5em;"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 187px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Korg_Monotron_(PCB_Back)_(2011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reverse of Monotron's printed circuit board (PCB)"><img alt="Reverse of Monotron's printed circuit board (PCB)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Korg_Monotron_%28PCB_Back%29_%282011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames%29.jpg/187px-Korg_Monotron_%28PCB_Back%29_%282011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Korg_Monotron_%28PCB_Back%29_%282011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames%29.jpg/281px-Korg_Monotron_%28PCB_Back%29_%282011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Korg_Monotron_%28PCB_Back%29_%282011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames%29.jpg/374px-Korg_Monotron_%28PCB_Back%29_%282011-12-28_by_Nick_Ames%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900"/></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Reverse of Monotron's <a href="/wiki/Printed_circuit_board" title="Printed circuit board">printed circuit board</a> (PCB)</div></div> </div> <ul><li>... that a heavily modified <b><a href="/wiki/Monotron" title="Monotron">Monotron</a></b> synthesizer <i>(PCB pictured)</i> was nicknamed "FrankenSynth" by music resource site Ask.Audio?</li> <li>... that the <b><a href="/wiki/1834_Philadelphia_race_riot" title="1834 Philadelphia race riot">1834 Philadelphia race riot</a></b> began at a <a href="/wiki/Carousel" title="Carousel">carousel</a> before spreading to other parts of the city?</li> <li>... that the <a href="/wiki/May_Queen" title="May Queen">May Queen</a> dress worn by <a href="/wiki/Florence_Pugh" title="Florence Pugh">Florence Pugh</a> in the film <i><b><a href="/wiki/Midsommar" title="Midsommar">Midsommar</a></b></i> was made of 10,000 silk flowers and reportedly sold for US$65,000 at auction?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/William_J._McGee" title="William J. McGee">William J. McGee</a></b> said that the <a href="/wiki/2022_Southwest_Airlines_scheduling_crisis" title="2022 Southwest Airlines scheduling crisis">2022 Southwest Airlines flight delays</a> were the result of "appearing to regulate rather than actually regulating"?</li> <li>... that the contest of the <b><a href="/wiki/1830_Liverpool_by-election" title="1830 Liverpool by-election">1830 Liverpool by-election</a></b> was considered to be "in great measure a personal one"?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Berta_Berkovich_Koh%C3%BAt" title="Berta Berkovich Kohút">Berta Berkovich</a></b>, who was skilled in sewing, managed to survive <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz_concentration_camp" title="Auschwitz concentration camp">Auschwitz</a> in a fashion salon established by the wife of <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_H%C3%B6ss" title="Rudolf Höss">the concentration camp commandant</a>?</li> <li>... that the <b><a href="/wiki/1931_Valentine_earthquake" title="1931 Valentine earthquake">1931 Valentine earthquake</a></b> was the strongest earthquake in recorded history to hit <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>?</li> <li>... that <a href="/wiki/Kangal_Shepherd_Dog" title="Kangal Shepherd Dog">Kangal</a> can be a hazard to <b><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_Turkey" title="Cycling in Turkey">cyclists in Turkey</a></b>?</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist dyk-footer noprint" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_additions" title="Wikipedia:Recent additions">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Start a new article</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Did_you_know" title="Template talk:Did you know">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-right" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="In_the_news" id="mp-itn-h2" class="mp-h2" data-mw-thread-id="h-mp-itn-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-mp-itn-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span>In the news<span data-mw-comment-end="h-mp-itn-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span></h2> <div id="mp-itn" class="mp-contains-float"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1053378754">.mw-parser-output .itn-img{float:right;margin-left:0.5em;margin-top:0.2em}</style><div role="figure" class="itn-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 187px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Earthquake damage in Diyarbakır"><img alt="Earthquake damage in Diyarbakır" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg/187px-2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg/281px-2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg/374px-2023_Turkey_Earthquake_Damage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1134"/></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: left;">Earthquake damage in <a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Diyarbakır">Diyarbakır</a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2023_Turkey%E2%80%93Syria_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake">An earthquake</a></b> <i>(damage pictured)</i> strikes Turkey and Syria, killing more than 4,800 people and injuring nearly 24,000 others.</li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/President_of_Pakistan" title="President of Pakistan">Pakistani president</a> <b><a href="/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Pervez Musharraf</a></b> dies at the age of 79.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2023_China_balloon_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 China balloon incident">A Chinese balloon</a></b> suspected of <a href="/wiki/Observation_balloon" title="Observation balloon">surveillance and espionage</a> is shot down after overflying Canada and the United States.</li> <li>Comet <b><a href="/wiki/C/2022_E3_(ZTF)" title="C/2022 E3 (ZTF)">C/2022 E3 (ZTF)</a></b> makes its closest approach to the Earth.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2023_Peshawar_mosque_bombing" title="2023 Peshawar mosque bombing">A suicide bombing</a></b> in a mosque in <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a>, Pakistan, kills 100 people and injures more than 220 others.</li></ul> <div class="itn-footer" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Ongoing</a></b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Peruvian_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2022–2023 Peruvian protests">Peruvian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></div></div> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Deaths_in_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaths in 2023">Recent deaths</a></b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Flimm" title="Jürgen Flimm">Jürgen Flimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherif_Ismail" title="Sherif Ismail">Sherif Ismail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Silverstein" title="Charles Silverstein">Charles Silverstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombay_Sisters" title="Bombay Sisters">C. Lalitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett_Strong" title="Barrett Strong">Barrett Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Durenberger" title="David Durenberger">David Durenberger</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist itn-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:In_the_news/Candidates" title="Wikipedia:In the news/Candidates">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="On_this_day" id="mp-otd-h2" class="mp-h2" data-mw-thread-id="h-mp-otd-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-mp-otd-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span>On this day<span data-mw-comment-end="h-mp-otd-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span></h2> <div id="mp-otd" class="mp-contains-float"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/February_7" title="February 7">February 7</a></b> </p> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-otd-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 186px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_(2)_cropped_2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Happisburgh footprints"><img alt="Happisburgh footprints" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_%282%29_cropped_2.png/186px-Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_%282%29_cropped_2.png" decoding="async" width="186" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_%282%29_cropped_2.png/279px-Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_%282%29_cropped_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_%282%29_cropped_2.png/372px-Photographs_of_Area_A_at_Happisburgh_%282%29_cropped_2.png 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="608"/></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Happisburgh footprints</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1813" title="1813">1813</a> – <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>: Two evenly matched French and British <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a> <b><a href="/wiki/Action_of_7_February_1813" title="Action of 7 February 1813">fought for four hours</a></b> at the <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Eles_de_Los" title="Îles de Los">Îles de Los</a> off the Guinean coast, resulting in a stalemate.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a> – A Chinese immigrant in San Francisco fell ill with the <a href="/wiki/Bubonic_plague" title="Bubonic plague">bubonic plague</a> in <b><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_plague_of_1900%E2%80%931904" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco plague of 1900–1904">the first epidemic of the disease in the continental United States</a></b>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> – <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>: Japan successfully <b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ke" title="Operation Ke">withdrew its troops</a></b> from <a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal" title="Guadalcanal">Guadalcanal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> – Researchers announced the discovery of the <b><a href="/wiki/Happisburgh_footprints" title="Happisburgh footprints">Happisburgh footprints</a></b> <i>(pictured)</i> in <a href="/wiki/Norfolk" title="Norfolk">Norfolk</a>, England, the oldest known <a href="/wiki/Hominidae" title="Hominidae">hominid</a> footprints outside Africa at more than 800,000 years old.</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Azar_Bigdeli" title="Azar Bigdeli">Azar Bigdeli</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1802)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Izzard" title="Eddie Izzard">Eddie Izzard</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1962)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Juwan_Howard" title="Juwan Howard">Juwan Howard</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1973)</li></ul></div> <div style="margin-top:0.5em;"> More anniversaries: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_6" title="February 6">February 6</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/February_7" title="February 7">February 7</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_8" title="February 8">February 8</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist otd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries/February" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/February">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/daily-article-l.lists.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_days_of_the_year" title="List of days of the year">List of days of the year</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-lower" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="Today's_featured_picture" id="mp-tfp-h2" class="mp-h2" data-mw-thread-id="h-mp-tfp-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"><span id="Today.27s_featured_picture"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-mp-tfp-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span>Today's featured picture<span data-mw-comment-end="h-mp-tfp-h2-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span></h2> <div id="mp-tfp"> <table role="presentation" style="margin:0 3px 3px; width:100%; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center; background-color:transparent; border-collapse:collapse; padding:0.9em"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11,_Toulon,_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suffren"><img alt="Suffren" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11%2C_Toulon%2C_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg/500px-Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11%2C_Toulon%2C_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11%2C_Toulon%2C_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg/750px-Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11%2C_Toulon%2C_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11%2C_Toulon%2C_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg/1000px-Agence_Rol_-_23-10-11%2C_Toulon%2C_cuirass%C3%A9_Suffren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2659" data-file-height="1842"/></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 0.9em; text-align:left;"> <p><i><b><a href="/wiki/French_battleship_Suffren" title="French battleship Suffren">Suffren</a></b></i> was a <a href="/wiki/Pre-dreadnought_battleship" title="Pre-dreadnought battleship">predreadnought battleship</a> built for the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> and completed in 1902. The ship was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief,_Mediterranean_(France)" title="Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean (France)">Mediterranean Squadron</a> for most of her career and often served as a <a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">flagship</a>. She twice collided with French ships and twice had <a href="/wiki/Drive_shaft" title="Drive shaft">propeller shafts</a> break before the start of World War I in 1914. <i>Suffren</i> was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Naval_operations_in_the_Dardanelles_campaign" title="Naval operations in the Dardanelles campaign">naval operations off the Dardanelles</a>, participating in a series of attacks on <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> fortifications. She was moderately damaged on 18 March 1915 and was sent to <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a> for repairs. She returned to provide gunfire support for the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> forces during the <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_campaign" title="Gallipoli campaign">Gallipoli campaign</a>. <i>Suffren</i> provided covering fire as the Allies withdrew from the peninsula and accidentally sank one of the evacuation ships. She was then assigned to the squadron tasked to prevent <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greek</a> interference with Allied operations on the <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_front" title="Macedonian front">Salonica Front</a>. While en route to <a href="/wiki/Lorient" title="Lorient">Lorient</a> for a <a href="/wiki/Refit" title="Refit">refit</a>, <i>Suffren</i> was <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedoed</a> off <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a> by a German submarine on 26 November 1916 and sunk with all hands. This photograph shows <i>Suffren</i> off <a href="/wiki/Toulon" title="Toulon">Toulon</a> in October 1911. </p> <p style="text-align:center;"><small>Photograph credit: Agence Rol; restored by <a href="/wiki/User:Adam_Cuerden" title="User:Adam Cuerden">Adam Cuerden</a></small></p> <div class="potd-recent" style="text-align:right;"> Recently featured: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2023-02-06" title="Template:POTD/2023-02-06"><i>Stańczyk</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2023-02-05" title="Template:POTD/2023-02-05">African grey hornbill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2023-02-04" title="Template:POTD/2023-02-04">Geology of the Moon</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist potd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a 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policies and technical issues.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:News" title="Wikipedia:News">Site news</a></b> – Sources of news about Wikipedia and the broader Wikimedia movement.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></b> – Ask basic questions about using or editing Wikipedia.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></b> – Ask questions about using or editing Wikipedia.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desk</a></b> – Ask research questions about encyclopedic topics.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Content portals</a></b> – A unique way to navigate the encyclopedia.</li></ul> </div> <h2 id="Wikipedia's_sister_projects" id="mp-sister" class="mp-h2" data-mw-thread-id="h-mp-sister-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"><span id="Wikipedia.27s_sister_projects"></span><span 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title="wikt:">Wiktionary</a></span><br/>Dictionary and thesaurus</div> </li> </ul> </div></div> <h2 id="Wikipedia_languages" id="mp-lang" class="mp-h2" data-mw-thread-id="h-mp-lang-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-mp-lang-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span>Wikipedia languages<span data-mw-comment-end="h-mp-lang-Welcome_to_Wikipedia"></span></h2> <div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r997272951">.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-complete{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages ul a{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages>ul{list-style:none;text-align:center;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-count-container{width:90%;display:flex;justify-content:center;padding-top:1em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-prettybars{width:100%;height:1px;margin:0.5em 0;background-color:#c8ccd1;flex-shrink:1;align-self:center}.mw-parser-output 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Many <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" class="extiw" title="meta:List of Wikipedias">other Wikipedias are available</a>; some of the largest are listed below. </p> <ul class="plainlinks"> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">1,000,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Arabic (ar:)" lang="ar">العربية</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="German (de:)" lang="de">Deutsch</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Spanish (es:)" lang="es">Español</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="French (fr:)" lang="fr">Français</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Italian (it:)" lang="it">Italiano</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Dutch (nl:)" lang="nl">Nederlands</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Japanese (ja:)" lang="ja">日本語</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Polish (pl:)" lang="pl">Polski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Portuguese (pt:)" lang="pt">Português</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Russian (ru:)" lang="ru">Русский</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Swedish (sv:)" lang="sv">Svenska</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Ukrainian (uk:)" lang="uk">Українська</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Vietnamese (vi:)" lang="vi">Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Chinese (zh:)" lang="zh">中文</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">250,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Indonesian (id:)" lang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malay (ms:)" lang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Min Nan Chinese (nan:)" lang="nan">Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bulgarian (bg:)" lang="bg">Български</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Catalan (ca:)" lang="ca">Català</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Czech (cs:)" lang="cs">Čeština</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Danish (da:)" lang="da">Dansk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Esperanto (eo:)" lang="eo">Esperanto</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Basque (eu:)" lang="eu">Euskara</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Persian (fa:)" lang="fa">فارسی</span></a>‎</li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hebrew (he:)" lang="he">עברית</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Korean (ko:)" lang="ko">한국어</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hungarian 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