CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"9c5c6c2e-119e-4ca2-9438-364059a65161","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action","wgTitle":"UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action","wgCurRevisionId":1247451205,"wgRevisionId":1247451205,"wgArticleId":22864047,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use British English from May 2021","Use dmy dates from May 2021","Coordinates on Wikidata","1971 in LGBTQ history","LGBTQ history in the United Kingdom","LGBTQ civil rights demonstrations","1971 in the United Kingdom"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel": "wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action","wgRelevantArticleId":22864047,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":51.5,"lon":-0.13},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7864871", "wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG/800px-Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG/640px-Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action rootpage-UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=UK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=UK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=UK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=UK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Activism_as_theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activism_as_theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Activism as theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activism_as_theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radical_Drag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radical_Drag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Radical Drag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radical_Drag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsequent_campaigns_and_other_actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsequent_campaigns_and_other_actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Subsequent campaigns and other actions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsequent_campaigns_and_other_actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_and_further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_and_further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References and further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_and_further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7864871#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&oldid=1247451205" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&id=1247451205&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7864871" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&params=51_30_00_N_0_07_48_W_region:GB_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°30′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°07′48″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.50000°N 0.13000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.50000; -0.13000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">LGBTQ+ rights protest against religious conservatism in 1971 in London</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#eeeeee;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">Gay liberation</a> movement</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG/250px-Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG/375px-Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG/500px-Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Central_Hall,_Westminster" title="Methodist Central Hall, Westminster">Methodist Central Hall, Westminster</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">9 September 1971<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1971-09-09</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Central_Hall,_Westminster" title="Methodist Central Hall, Westminster">Methodist Central Hall, Westminster</a></div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&params=51_30_00_N_0_07_48_W_region:GB_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°30′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°07′48″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.50000°N 0.13000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.50000; -0.13000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Parties</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_Festival_of_Light" title="Nationwide Festival of Light">Nationwide Festival of Light</a></div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> <a href="/wiki/Gay_Liberation_Front" title="Gay Liberation Front">Gay Liberation Front</a></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Lead figures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244901718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-columns-text-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div{box-sizing:border-box;width:50%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-3>div{width:33.33%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-4>div{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div:not(:first-child){border-left:1px dotted #aaa;padding-left:5px}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist infobox-columns infobox-columns-2 infobox-columns-text-left"> <div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Whitehouse" title="Mary Whitehouse">Mary Whitehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Muggeridge" title="Malcolm Muggeridge">Malcolm Muggeridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">Lord Longford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Richard" title="Cliff Richard">Cliff Richard</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Mellors" title="Bob Mellors">Bob Mellors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Peter Tatchell</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On 9 September 1971 the UK <a href="/wiki/Gay_Liberation_Front" title="Gay Liberation Front">Gay Liberation Front</a> (GLF) undertook an action to disrupt the launch of the Church-based morality campaign <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_Festival_of_Light" title="Nationwide Festival of Light">Nationwide Festival of Light</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Methodist_Central_Hall,_Westminster" title="Methodist Central Hall, Westminster">Methodist Central Hall, Westminster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DANGO_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DANGO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of well-known British figures were involved in the disrupted rally, and the action involved the use of "radical drag" drawing on the <a href="/wiki/Stonewall_riots" title="Stonewall riots">Stonewall riots</a> and subsequent GLF actions in the US. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Peter Tatchell</a>, gay human rights campaigner, was involved in the action which was one of a series which influenced the development of gay activism in the UK, received media attention at the time, and is still discussed by some of those involved.<sup id="cite_ref-TATCHELL_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TATCHELL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gay_Liberation_Front" title="Gay Liberation Front">Gay Liberation Front</a> in the UK was formed in 1970 in response to the formation of the GLF in the US, which was established after the Stonewall riots in 1969. Prior to the formation of GLF in the UK, the <a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Homosexual_Equality" title="Campaign for Homosexual Equality">Campaign for Homosexual Equality</a> (CHE) had been the primary focus for the campaign for gay rights; CHE focused on lobbying government for specific legal reforms, while GLF campaigned for systemic changes in society that would lead to wider acceptance of lesbian and gay people. GLF existed for four years in the UK, and this action was one of the best known and controversial actions they undertook, one which featured in the national news at the time. Public figures involved at the time still describe their experience today. This was period when lesbian and gay people were shifting from an approach that was apologetic to one of <a href="/wiki/Gay_pride" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay pride">pride</a>. In 1971 the UK GLF published its Manifesto and held a series of high-profile direct actions, including the one at the Festival of Light.<sup id="cite_ref-FIFE_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIFE-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Festival of Light included several notable people of that time, such as <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Richard" title="Cliff Richard">Cliff Richard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Whitehouse" title="Mary Whitehouse">Mary Whitehouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Muggeridge" title="Malcolm Muggeridge">Malcolm Muggeridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford">Lord Longford</a>. It was an organisation which lobbied the UK Government and held public rallies to show support for their lobbying. Muggeridge and Whitehouse identified certain liberalisations in law, and public acceptance of certain phenomena, as moral evil; examples are <a href="/wiki/Extra-marital_sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra-marital sex">extra-marital sex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornography</a> in films, sex on TV, <a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Abortion in the United Kingdom">legalisation of abortion</a>, and openly-gay individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-FIFE_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIFE-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism_as_theatre">Activism as theatre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Activism as theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ink_glf_cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ink_glf_cover.jpg/220px-Ink_glf_cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ink_glf_cover.jpg/330px-Ink_glf_cover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ink_glf_cover.jpg/440px-Ink_glf_cover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="885" /></a><figcaption><i>Ink</i>: Gay Liberation Front cover, London, 1971</figcaption></figure> <p>Drawing on the gay tradition of camp, GLF developed a new style of political campaigning, "protest as performance", where the claim for human rights was projected through creativity, using imagination, daring and wit, rather than marches and rallies.<sup id="cite_ref-CORBETT_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CORBETT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These actions were called "<a href="/wiki/Zap_(action)" title="Zap (action)">zaps</a>", intended to reduce the rallies to a farcical shambles.<sup id="cite_ref-BOURNE_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BOURNE-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Festival of Light was the most notable of these. One of those who embraced this style of activism was Bette Bourne, the message of gay liberation being couched in comedy, song, tap routines and make-up.<sup id="cite_ref-BOURNE_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BOURNE-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "We were finding a new way of doing <a href="/wiki/Drag_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drag (clothing)">drag</a> that wasn't offensive to women, that wasn't about <a href="/wiki/Breast_prostheses" title="Breast prostheses">false tits</a> and distasteful jokes. We saw ourselves as a new type of man. We could wear frocks and <a href="/wiki/Make-up" class="mw-redirect" title="Make-up">make-up</a> and be silly and funny, but we had a serious message, too." This began a tradition of drag continued through the work of performers like <a href="/wiki/David_Hoyle_(performance_artist)" title="David Hoyle (performance artist)">David Hoyle</a> down, a style of drag, separate from the aggressive form of "female impersonation".<sup id="cite_ref-BOURNE_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BOURNE-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another figure who was involved in the disruption was Martin Corbett, who walked into the basement of Westminster Central Hall, ordered the staff to leave with an assumed authority, and plunged the Festival into darkness by disconnecting the electrical and broadcasting cables.<sup id="cite_ref-CORBETT_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CORBETT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Peter Tatchell</a> described the Festival of Light as being against the "moral darkness" of "pornography, homosexuality and abortion." The GLF counter-protest was code-named "Operation Rupert' after the subversive '<a href="/wiki/Rupert_Bear" title="Rupert Bear">Rupert Bear</a>' cartoon in <i><a href="/wiki/Oz_(magazine)" title="Oz (magazine)">OZ</a></i> magazine. He attended the Festival action as part of the GLF Youth Group. "When Malcolm Muggeridge, speaking out about homosexuals, declared: 'I don't like them.' The feeling was mutual,"<sup id="cite_ref-TATCHELL_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TATCHELL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the group he was part of staged a "kiss-in" in the upper balcony of the hall. "Mice were released into the audience; lesbian couples stood up and passionately embraced. A dozen GLF nuns in immaculate blue and white habits charged the platform shouting gay liberation slogans, and a GLF bishop began preaching an impromptu sermon which urged people to 'keep on sinning.<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"<sup id="cite_ref-TATCHELL_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TATCHELL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Radical_Drag">Radical Drag</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Radical Drag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The theme known as "radical drag" was a central element to the Festival of Light and subsequent GLF actions. In response to ideas about the 'wrong-sex', gay people distanced themselves from stereotypes of effeminate gay men and <a href="/wiki/Butch_lesbians" class="mw-redirect" title="Butch lesbians">butch lesbians</a>, in a way in which gay people were supposed to appear like anybody else. Within the Gay Liberation Movement there was also a deeper questioning of the validity of <a href="/wiki/Gender_role" title="Gender role">gender roles</a>. The philosophy underlying radical drag rejected the concepts of masculinity and femininity, which correlated to ideas of dominance and submission. The idea of men who are really women, or of 'real men' dissolves in this deconstruction. In dissociating from the stigma of effeminacy in order to gain acceptance in heterosexual society, gay men tacitly supported the rigidity of gender roles, a definition of men from which they were excluded because of their sexuality. Gay men were complicit in the oppression of the effeminate gay men who adopted that stereotype, often denouncing the <a href="/wiki/Camp_(style)" title="Camp (style)">camp queens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dyke_(slang)" title="Dyke (slang)">diesel dykes</a> who had 'come out' and born the brunt of homophobia before those who were more discreet themselves felt comfortable enough to come out. In 1974, to counteract this, the GLF stated that it had developed "a strong section of opinion which claims that the only way for gay people to come out that will make any real impact on the gender role definitions which underlie gay oppression is by adopting a life-style and appearance that explicitly reject the masculine/feminine distinction and all that it implies."<sup id="cite_ref-GAYLIB_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GAYLIB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsequent_campaigns_and_other_actions">Subsequent campaigns and other actions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Subsequent campaigns and other actions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The work of GLF in this and other actions and demonstrations helped inspire more people towards open activism. Following the style of campaign and public demonstration, CHE changed its own style of campaigning, and interest in GLF waned. After the demise of GLF, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Peter Tatchell</a> went on to form <a href="/wiki/OutRage!" title="OutRage!">OutRage!</a>, which still performs strategic actions in which individuals, organisations and countries identified as <a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobic</a> are openly confronted in provocative ways, such as at the <a href="/wiki/2009_Eurovision_Song_Contest" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 Eurovision Song Contest">2009 Eurovision Song Contest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RUSSIA_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RUSSIA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other actions and acts of civil disobedience confronting discrimination and homophobia at the time included a picket at <a href="/wiki/Pan_Books" title="Pan Books">Pan Books</a> in protest at the publication of a book by <a href="/wiki/David_Reuben_(author)" title="David Reuben (author)">David Reuben</a>, which claimed that gay men were obsessed with the anal insertion of vegetables, freedom rides and sit-ins at pubs that refused to serve 'poofs' and 'dykes', the occupation of <a href="/wiki/Coutts_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Coutts Bank">Coutts Bank</a> because of their holding the <a href="/wiki/Maudsley_Hospital" title="Maudsley Hospital">Maudsley Hospital</a> account (where <a href="/wiki/Aversion_therapy" title="Aversion therapy">aversion therapy</a> was still being practiced in the early 1970s) and the confrontation of Professor <a href="/wiki/Hans_Eysenck" title="Hans Eysenck">Hans Eysenck</a> during a lecture in which he advocated <a href="/wiki/Electroconvulsive_therapy" title="Electroconvulsive therapy">electric-shock</a> and aversion therapy to "cure" homosexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-TATGLF_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TATGLF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tatchell talks of this time, "As well as being politics with fun, this activism helped banish our internalised shame, repairing much of the damage that homophobia had done to us. Through GLF, we became happier, more confident queers, unafraid to challenge even the most powerful homophobes."<sup id="cite_ref-TATGLF_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TATGLF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg/28px-Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg/42px-Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg/56px-Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:LGBTQ" title="Portal:LGBTQ">LGBTQ portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">Gay liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_and_LGBT_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialism and LGBT rights">Socialism and LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_Activists_Alliance" title="Gay Activists Alliance">Gay Activists Alliance</a></li> <li>USA GLF: <a href="/wiki/N._A._Diaman" title="N. A. Diaman">N. A. Diaman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Howard" title="Brenda Howard">Brenda Howard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Rivera" title="Sylvia Rivera">Sylvia Rivera</a></li> <li>London GLF: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Mellors" title="Bob Mellors">Bob Mellors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Peter Tatchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hall%E2%80%93Carpenter_Archives" title="Hall–Carpenter Archives">Hall–Carpenter Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_rights_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT rights organizations">List of LGBT rights organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_Festival_of_Light" title="Nationwide Festival of Light">Nationwide Festival of Light</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_and_further_reading">References and further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References and further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Material relating to the Festival of Light, [1971–1975], mainly concerning the disinformation campaign by the GLF, is held at the <a href="/wiki/Hall%E2%80%93Carpenter_Archives" title="Hall–Carpenter Archives">Hall–Carpenter Archives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AIM25_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIM25-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pasttenseblog.wordpress.com/2019/09/09/today-in-london-religious-history-1971-the-gay-liberation-front-mash-up-reactionary-christian-festival-of-light/">"Today in London religious history, 1971: the Gay Liberation Front mash up reactionary christian Festival of Light"</a>. <i>Past Tense: London radical histories and possibilities</i>. 9 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Past+Tense%3A+London+radical+histories+and+possibilities&rft.atitle=Today+in+London+religious+history%2C+1971%3A+the+Gay+Liberation+Front+mash+up+reactionary+christian+Festival+of+Light&rft.date=2019-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpasttenseblog.wordpress.com%2F2019%2F09%2F09%2Ftoday-in-london-religious-history-1971-the-gay-liberation-front-mash-up-reactionary-christian-festival-of-light%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPower1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Power" title="Lisa Power">Power, Lisa</a> (1995). <i>No Bath But Plenty of Bubbles: An Oral History of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970–1973</i>. Cassell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-304-33195-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-304-33195-6"><bdi>978-0-304-33195-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Bath+But+Plenty+of+Bubbles%3A+An+Oral+History+of+the+Gay+Liberation+Front%2C+1970%E2%80%931973&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-304-33195-6&rft.aulast=Power&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhipple2010" class="citation journal cs1">Whipple, Amy C. (13 July 2010). "Speaking for Whom? The 1971 Festival of Light and the Search for the 'Silent Majority'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_British_History" title="Contemporary British History">Contemporary British History</a></i>. <b>24</b> (3): 319–339. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13619462.2010.497254">10.1080/13619462.2010.497254</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144839277">144839277</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contemporary+British+History&rft.atitle=Speaking+for+Whom%3F+The+1971+Festival+of+Light+and+the+Search+for+the+%27Silent+Majority%27&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=319-339&rft.date=2010-07-13&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13619462.2010.497254&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144839277%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Whipple&rft.aufirst=Amy+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-DANGO-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DANGO_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dango.bham.ac.uk/record_details.asp?id=2896&recordType=ngo">"Gay Liberation Front (GLF)"</a>. <i>Database of Archives of Non-Government Organisations</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">University of Birmingham</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Database+of+Archives+of+Non-Government+Organisations&rft.atitle=Gay+Liberation+Front+%28GLF%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dango.bham.ac.uk%2Frecord_details.asp%3Fid%3D2896%26recordType%3Dngo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TATCHELL-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TATCHELL_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TATCHELL_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TATCHELL_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatchell" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Tatchell, Peter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petertatchell.net/queer%20theory/idealism.htm">"Idealism, Pride & Anger — The Beginnings Of Lesbian and Gay Liberation in Britain"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Idealism%2C+Pride+%26+Anger+%E2%80%94+The+Beginnings+Of+Lesbian+and+Gay+Liberation+in+Britain&rft.aulast=Tatchell&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petertatchell.net%2Fqueer%2520theory%2Fidealism.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FIFE-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FIFE_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FIFE_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fifemen.org.uk/tworkshops/diversecultures/OverviewofLesbianandGayHistory.pdf">"Overview of Lesbian and Gay History"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Fife Men Project.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+of+Lesbian+and+Gay+History&rft.pub=Fife+Men+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifemen.org.uk%2Ftworkshops%2Fdiversecultures%2FOverviewofLesbianandGayHistory.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CORBETT-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CORBETT_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CORBETT_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rosecottage.me.uk/OutRage-archives/MCorbett.htm">"Obituary: MARTIN ROGER CORBETT: Queer Activist and Saint, 27-November-1944 – 11-July-1996"</a>. <a href="/wiki/OutRage!" title="OutRage!">OutRage!</a>. 13 July 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Obituary%3A+MARTIN+ROGER+CORBETT%3A+Queer+Activist+and+Saint%2C+27-November-1944+%E2%80%93+11-July-1996&rft.pub=OutRage%21&rft.date=1999-07-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frosecottage.me.uk%2FOutRage-archives%2FMCorbett.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BOURNE-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BOURNE_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BOURNE_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BOURNE_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2008" class="citation magazine cs1">Smith, Rupert (27 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeout.com/london/gay/features/4902/Bette_Bourne-interview.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Bette Bourne: interview"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">Time Out</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Out&rft.atitle=%27Bette+Bourne%3A+interview&rft.date=2008-05-27&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Rupert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Flondon%2Fgay%2Ffeatures%2F4902%2FBette_Bourne-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GAYLIB-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GAYLIB_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHodgesHutter1974" class="citation cs2">Hodges, Andrew; Hutter, David (1974), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outgay.co.uk/wdg5.html"><i>The Gay Liberation pamphlet: With Downcast Gays</i></a>, section 5</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gay+Liberation+pamphlet%3A+With+Downcast+Gays&rft.pages=section+5&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Hutter%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.outgay.co.uk%2Fwdg5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RUSSIA-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RUSSIA_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2011" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Shaun (23 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/riot-police-arrest-tatchell-at-gay-march-in-moscow-1686295.html">"Riot police arrest Tatchell at gay march in Moscow"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Riot+police+arrest+Tatchell+at+gay+march+in+Moscow&rft.date=2011-10-23&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Shaun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Friot-police-arrest-tatchell-at-gay-march-in-moscow-1686295.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TATGLF-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TATGLF_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TATGLF_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatchell1995" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tatchell" title="Peter Tatchell">Tatchell, Peter</a> (24 November 1995), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petertatchell.net/history/memories%20of%20GLF.htm">"Memories of the London Gay Liberation Front"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pink_Paper" title="Pink Paper">Pink Paper</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pink+Paper&rft.atitle=Memories+of+the+London+Gay+Liberation+Front&rft.date=1995-11-24&rft.aulast=Tatchell&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petertatchell.net%2Fhistory%2Fmemories%2520of%2520GLF.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AIM25-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AIM25_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205932/http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cats/1/3228.htm">"British Library of Political and Economic Science: Gay Liberation Front"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cats/1/3228.htm">the original</a> on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Library+of+Political+and+Economic+Science%3A+Gay+Liberation+Front&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aim25.ac.uk%2Fcats%2F1%2F3228.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUK+Gay+Liberation+Front+1971+Festival+of+Light+action" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="LGBTQ_history" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LGBTQ_history" title="Template:LGBTQ history"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LGBTQ_history" title="Template talk:LGBTQ history"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LGBTQ_history" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LGBTQ history"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="LGBTQ_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history" title="LGBTQ history">LGBTQ history</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Kenya" title="LGBTQ history in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Niger" title="LGBTQ history in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Sudan" title="LGBTQ history in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Uganda" title="LGBTQ history in Uganda">Uganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Bangladesh" title="LGBTQ history in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_China" title="LGBTQ history in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_India" title="LGBTQ history in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Iran" title="LGBTQ history in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ history in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Israel" title="LGBTQ history in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Pakistan" title="LGBTQ history in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Singapore" title="LGBTQ history in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_South_Korea" title="LGBTQ history in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Taiwan" title="LGBTQ history in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Thailand" title="LGBTQ history in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Turkey" title="LGBTQ history in Turkey">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Belgium" title="LGBT history in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="LGBT history in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Finland" title="LGBT history in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_France" title="LGBTQ history in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Greece" title="LGBTQ history in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Hungary" title="LGBT history in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Ireland" title="LGBTQ history in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Italy" title="LGBT history in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Latvia" title="LGBT history in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_the_Netherlands" title="LGBT history in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Norway" title="LGBT history in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Poland" title="LGBTQ history in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Portugal" title="LGBT history in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Romania" title="LGBT history in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Russia" title="LGBTQ history in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_violence_against_homosexuals_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of violence against homosexuals in Russia (page does not exist)">violence</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:История преследования гомосексуалов в России">ru</a>]</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Serbia" title="LGBT history in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Spain" title="LGBTQ history in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Sweden" title="LGBT history in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Switzerland" title="LGBT history in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBTQ_history_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Timeline of LGBTQ history in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_violence_against_LGBT_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of violence against LGBT people in the United Kingdom">violence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Yugoslavia" title="LGBT history in Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_the_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Canada" title="LGBTQ history in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="LGBT history in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Honduras" title="LGBT history in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Mexico" title="LGBTQ history in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_the_United_States" title="LGBTQ history in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_actions_in_the_United_States_prior_to_the_Stonewall_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT actions in the United States prior to the Stonewall riots">before Stonewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_violence_against_LGBT_people_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="History of violence against LGBT people in the United States">violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_historic_places_in_the_United_States" title="LGBT historic places in the United States">places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_University_LGBT_history" title="Brigham Young University LGBT history">at Brigham Young University</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Australia" title="LGBTQ history in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Nauru" title="LGBT history in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Argentina" title="LGBT history in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Brazil" title="LGBTQ history in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Chile" title="LGBT history in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Peru" title="LGBT history in Peru">Peru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBTQ_history" title="Timeline of LGBTQ history">Timelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">By period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_LGBTQ_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="List of years in LGBTQ rights">List of years in LGBTQ rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_years_in_LGBTQ_rights" title="Table of years in LGBTQ rights">table</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ_firsts_by_year" title="List of LGBTQ firsts by year">Firsts by year</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ_firsts_by_year_(2010s)" title="List of LGBTQ firsts by year (2010s)">2010s</a></li></ul></li> <li>Century <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history,_19th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of LGBT history, 19th century">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history,_20th_century" title="Timeline of LGBT history, 20th century">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBTQ_history,_21st_century" title="Timeline of LGBTQ history, 21st century">21st</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_South_Asian_and_diasporic_LGBT_history" title="Timeline of South Asian and diasporic LGBT history">South Asian and diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Asian_and_Pacific_Islander_diasporic_LGBT_history" title="Timeline of Asian and Pacific Islander diasporic LGBT history">Asian and Pacific Islander diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_African_and_diasporic_LGBT_history" title="Timeline of African and diasporic LGBT history">African and diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history_in_Canada" title="Timeline of LGBT history in Canada">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of LGBT history in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history_in_South_Africa" title="Timeline of LGBT history in South Africa">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of LGBT history in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of LGBT history in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_history_in_Manchester" title="Timeline of LGBT history in Manchester">Manchester</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBTQ_history_in_the_United_States" title="Timeline of LGBTQ history in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBTQ_history_in_New_York_City" title="Timeline of LGBTQ history in New York City">New York City</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_and_homosexuality" title="History of Christianity and homosexuality">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church_and_homosexuality" title="History of the Catholic Church and homosexuality">Catholic Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_Jewish_history" title="Timeline of LGBT Jewish history">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_Mormon_history" title="Timeline of LGBT Mormon history">Mormon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Topical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBTQ_journalism" title="Timeline of LGBTQ journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LGBT_in_policing" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of LGBT in policing">Policing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_sexual_orientation_and_medicine" title="Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine">Sexual orientation and medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_same-sex_marriage" title="Timeline of same-sex marriage">Same-sex marriage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Timeline of same-sex marriage in the United States">in the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_intersex_history" title="Timeline of intersex history">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_asexual_history" title="Timeline of asexual history">Asexual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_transgender_history" title="Timeline of transgender history">Transgender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_conversion_therapy" title="History of conversion therapy">Conversion therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_erasure" title="Queer erasure">LGBT erasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_same-sex_unions" title="History of same-sex unions">Same-sex unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_homosexuality" title="History of homosexuality">Homosexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_ancient_Egypt" title="Homosexuality in ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_ancient_Rome" title="Homosexuality in ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_pre-Columbian_Peru" title="Homosexuality in pre-Columbian Peru">Ancient Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_ancient_Greece" title="Homosexuality in ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_the_militaries_of_ancient_Greece" title="Homosexuality in the militaries of ancient Greece">in militaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederasty_in_ancient_Greece" title="Pederasty in ancient Greece">pederasty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_medieval_Europe" title="Homosexuality in medieval Europe">Medieval Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gay men</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_homosexuals_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_gay_men_in_the_United_States" title="History of gay men in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_lesbianism" title="History of lesbianism">Lesbians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesbians_in_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesbians in France (page does not exist)">France</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbiennes_en_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Lesbiennes en France">fr</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesbian_immigrants_in_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesbian immigrants in France (page does not exist)">immigrants</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbiennes_de_l%27immigration_en_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Lesbiennes de l'immigration en France">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lesbians_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lesbians in the medieval Islamic world (page does not exist)">Medieval Islamic world</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbianisme_dans_le_monde_arabe_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val" class="extiw" title="fr:Lesbianisme dans le monde arabe médiéval">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Lesbians in Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_in_pre-modern_Spain" title="Lesbians in pre-modern Spain">Pre-modern Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_in_the_Spanish_Second_Republic" title="Lesbians in the Spanish Second Republic">Spanish Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_in_Francoist_Spain" title="Lesbians in Francoist Spain">Francoist Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_in_the_Spanish_democratic_transition_period" title="Lesbians in the Spanish democratic transition period">Democratic transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_during_the_socialist_government_of_Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Lesbians during the socialist government of Felipe González">González government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_during_the_government_of_Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Aznar" title="Lesbians during the government of José María Aznar">Aznar government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbians_during_the_socialist_government_of_Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="Lesbians during the socialist government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero">Zapatero government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_lesbianism_in_the_United_States" title="History of lesbianism in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbian_erasure" title="Lesbian erasure">Erasure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_bisexuality" title="History of bisexuality">Bisexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bisexuality_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="History of bisexuality in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisexual_erasure" title="Bisexual erasure">Erasure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history" title="Transgender history">Transgender</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Transgender history in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Brazil" title="Transgender history in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Finland" title="Transgender history in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transgender_people_in_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transgender people in France (page does not exist)">France</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transidentit%C3%A9_en_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Transidentité en France">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_people_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Transgender people in Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Transgender history in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history_in_the_United_States" title="Transgender history in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_legal_history_in_the_United_States" title="Transgender legal history in the United States">legal history</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Intersex_people_in_history" title="Intersex people in history">Intersex</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_intersex_surgery" title="History of intersex surgery">Surgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_history_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Intersex history in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_cross-dressing" title="History of cross-dressing">Cross-dressing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_drag" class="mw-redirect" title="History of drag">Drag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drag_in_Africa" title="Drag in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drag_in_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drag in France (page does not exist)">France</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_en_France" class="extiw" title="fr:Drag en France">fr</a>]</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_History_Month" title="LGBT History Month">LGBT History Month</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLBT_Historical_Society" title="GLBT Historical Society">GLBT Historical Society</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queers_in_History" title="Queers in History">Queers in History</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transgender_History_(book)" title="Transgender History (book)">Transgender History</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_Oral_History_Project" title="Transgender Oral History Project">Transgender Oral History Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Group_in_LGBT_history" title="Bloomsbury Group in LGBT history">Bloomsbury Group in LGBT history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ_awareness_periods" title="List of LGBTQ awareness periods">List of LGBTQ awareness periods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_LGBT_characters_in_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="History of LGBT characters in animation">History of LGBT animated characters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_history" title="Category:LGBTQ history">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&oldid=1247451205">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&oldid=1247451205</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_LGBTQ_history" title="Category:1971 in LGBTQ history">1971 in LGBTQ history</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_history_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:LGBTQ history in the United Kingdom">LGBTQ history in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_civil_rights_demonstrations" title="Category:LGBTQ civil rights demonstrations">LGBTQ civil rights demonstrations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:1971 in the United Kingdom">1971 in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_May_2021" title="Category:Use British English from May 2021">Use British English from May 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from May 2021">Use dmy dates from May 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 September 2024, at 10:04<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5b4c46c98-qgwdh","wgBackendResponseTime":148,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.554","walltime":"0.748","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2807,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":114445,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5748,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":51880,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 650.857 1 -total"," 32.53% 211.701 5 Template:Navbox"," 25.03% 162.880 1 Template:LGBT_history"," 24.40% 158.777 1 Template:Infobox_civil_conflict"," 17.19% 111.892 6 Template:Cite_web"," 13.72% 89.279 1 Template:Short_description"," 10.28% 66.919 1 Template:Reflist"," 9.81% 63.839 2 Template:Br_separated_entries"," 8.24% 53.662 1 Template:Coord"," 7.97% 51.885 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.320","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7034022,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-856445b9b6-7hlf2","timestamp":"20241204184831","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UK_Gay_Liberation_Front_1971_Festival_of_Light_action","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7864871","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7864871","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-05-19T19:15:45Z","dateModified":"2024-09-24T10:04:57Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/10\/Methodist_Central_Hall.JPG","headline":"LGBTQ+ rights protest against religious conservatism in 1971 in London"}</script> </body> </html>