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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: M. F. Al-Hajri</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: M. F. Al-Hajri"> <meta name="keywords" content="M. F. Al-Hajri"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="M. 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F. Al-Hajri"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: M. F. Al-Hajri</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> The Art of Contemporary Arabic Calligraphy in Oman: Salman Alhajri as an Example </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Amur%20Alhajri">Salman Amur Alhajri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This paper explores the art of contemporary Arabic calligraphy in Oman. It explains the aesthetic features of Arabic calligraphy as a unique icon of Islamic art. This paper also explores the profile of one Omani artist, Salman Alhajri, as an example of Omani artists who have developed unique styles in this art stream. Methodology and approach: The paper is based on a theoretical study using a descriptive and case-study approach. Omani artists are fascinated by the art forms of Arabic calligraphy, which combine both spiritual meaning and aesthetic beauty. Artist Salman Alhajri is an example of a contemporary Arabic artist who uses Arabic calligraphy as the main theme in his art. Dr. Alhajri is trying to introduce the beauty of Arabic letters from a new aesthetic point of view. He also aims to create unusual visual effects that viewers can easily interact with. Even though words and phrases appear in Alhajri’s artwork, they are not conveying direct meanings: viewers can create their own meaning or expressions from them by appreciating the compositions of the artwork. Results: Arabic writing is directly related to the identity of Omani artists and their cultural background. This paper shows how the beauty of Arabic letters comes from its indefinite possibilities in designing calligraphic expressions, even within a single word, because letters can be stretched and transformed in various ways to create different compositions. Omani artists are interested in employing new media applications in this kind of practice to find new techniques for creating artwork based on Arabic writing. It is really important for all Omani artists to practice this art style because Arabic calligraphy and its flexibility introduce infinite possibilities that involve further exploration and investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20art" title="Islamic art">Islamic art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporary%20Arabic%20calligraphy" title=" contemporary Arabic calligraphy"> contemporary Arabic calligraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20techniques" title=" new techniques"> new techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omani%20artist" title=" Omani artist"> Omani artist</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23092/the-art-of-contemporary-arabic-calligraphy-in-oman-salman-alhajri-as-an-example" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Relaxing Convergence Constraints in Local Priority Hysteresis Switching Logic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mubarak%20Alhajri">Mubarak Alhajri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses certain inherent limitations of local priority hysteresis switching logic. Our main result establishes that under persistent excitation assumption, it is possible to relax constraints requiring strict positivity of local priority and hysteresis switching constants. Relaxing these constraints allows the adaptive system to reach optimality which implies the performance improvement. The unconstrained local priority hysteresis switching logic is examined and conditions for global convergence are derived. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20control" title="adaptive control">adaptive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence" title=" convergence"> convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis%20constant" title=" hysteresis constant"> hysteresis constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis%20switching" title=" hysteresis switching"> hysteresis switching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61209/relaxing-convergence-constraints-in-local-priority-hysteresis-switching-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Students’ Perceptions of Mobile Learning: Case Study of Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20AlHajri">Rana AlHajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Al-Sharhan"> Salah Al-Sharhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Al-Hunaiyyan"> Ahmed Al-Hunaiyyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile learning is a new learning landscape that offers opportunity for collaborative, personal, informal, and students’ centered learning environment. In implementing any learning system such as a mobile learning environment, learners’ expectations should be taken into consideration. However, there is a lack of studies on this aspect, particularly in the context of Kuwait higher education (HE) institutions. This study focused on how students perceive the use of mobile devices in learning. Although m-learning is considered as an effective educational tool in developed countries, it is not yet fully utilized in Kuwait. The study reports on the results of a survey conducted on 623 HE students in Kuwait to a better understand students' perceptions and opinions about the effectiveness of using mobile learning systems. An analysis of quantitative survey data is presented. The findings indicated that Kuwait HE students are very familiar with mobile devices and its applications. The results also reveal that students have positive perceptions of m-learning, and believe that video-based social media applications enhance the teaching and learning process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title="higher education">higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20learning" title=" mobile learning"> mobile learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%E2%80%99%20perceptions" title=" students’ perceptions"> students’ perceptions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63997/students-perceptions-of-mobile-learning-case-study-of-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Oil Reservoir Asphalting Precipitation Estimating during CO2 Injection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Alhajri">I. Alhajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Zahedi"> G. Zahedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Alazmi"> R. Alazmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Akbari"> A. Akbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed to predict Asphaltene Precipitation (AP) during the injection of carbon dioxide into crude oil reservoirs. In this study, the experimental data from six different oil fields were collected. Seventy percent of the data was used to develop the ANN model, and different ANN architectures were examined. A network with the Trainlm training algorithm was found to be the best network to estimate the AP. To check the validity of the proposed model, the model was used to predict the AP for the thirty percent of the data that was unevaluated. The Mean Square Error (MSE) of the prediction was 0.0018, which confirms the excellent prediction capability of the proposed model. In the second part of this study, the ANN model predictions were compared with modified Hirschberg model predictions. The ANN was found to provide more accurate estimates compared to the modified Hirschberg model. Finally, the proposed model was employed to examine the effect of different operating parameters during gas injection on the AP. It was found that the AP is mostly sensitive to the reservoir temperature. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide concentration in liquid phase increases the AP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphaltene" title=" asphaltene"> asphaltene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20injection" title=" CO2 injection"> CO2 injection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hirschberg%20model" title=" Hirschberg model"> Hirschberg model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20reservoirs" title=" oil reservoirs"> oil reservoirs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6156/oil-reservoir-asphalting-precipitation-estimating-during-co2-injection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Experimental and Analytical Study of Various Types of Shear Connector Used for Cold-Formed Steel-Ferrocement Composite Beam </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talal%20Alhajri">Talal Alhajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20M.%20Tahir"> Mahmood M. Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Alenezi"> Khaled Alenezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Ragaee"> Mohamad Ragaee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents the experimental tests carried out to evaluate the behaviour of different types of shear connectors proposed for cold formed steel (CFS) section integrated with ferrocement slab as potential used for composite beam. Ten push-out test specimens of cold-formed steel lipped channel sections connected with ferrocement slab were tested. Three types of shear connectors were studied comprised of bolts, self-drilling-screw and bar angle. The connection behavior is analysed in terms of its load-slip relationship and the failure mode. The parametric studies were performed to investigate the effect on the shear connector’s capacity by varying the number of layers of wire mesh used in ferrocement slab and types of shear connector used. An analytical analysis using ANSYS program and theoretical analysis (Eurocode 4) were carried out to verify the experiment results. The results show that the experimental, theoretical, and numerical values proved to have good agreement with each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold-formed%20steel" title="cold-formed steel">cold-formed steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20beam" title=" composite beam"> composite beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferrocement" title=" ferrocement"> ferrocement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=push-out%20test" title=" push-out test"> push-out test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20connector" title=" shear connector"> shear connector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14006/experimental-and-analytical-study-of-various-types-of-shear-connector-used-for-cold-formed-steel-ferrocement-composite-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Maximum Initial Input Allowed to Iterative Learning Control Set-up Using Singular Values</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naser%20Alajmi">Naser Alajmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Alobaidly"> Ali Alobaidly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mubarak%20Alhajri"> Mubarak Alhajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Salamah"> Salem Salamah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alsubaie"> Muhammad Alsubaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iterative Learning Control (ILC) known to be a controlling tool to overcome periodic disturbances for repetitive systems. This technique is required to let the error signal tends to zero as the number of operation increases. The learning process that lies within this context is strongly dependent on the initial input which if selected properly tends to let the learning process be more effective compared to the case where a system starts from blind. ILC uses previous recorded execution data to update the following execution/trial input such that a reference trajectory is followed to a high accuracy. Error convergence in ILC is generally highly dependent on the input applied to a plant for trial $1$, thus a good choice of initial starting input signal would make learning faster and as a consequence the error tends to zero faster as well. In the work presented within, an upper limit based on the Singular Values Principle (SV) is derived for the initial input signal applied at trial $1$ such that the system follow the reference in less number of trials without responding aggressively or exceeding the working envelope where a system is required to move within in a robot arm, for example. Simulation results presented illustrate the theory introduced within this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initial%20input" title="initial input">initial input</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iterative%20learning%20control" title=" iterative learning control"> iterative learning control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20input" title=" maximum input"> maximum input</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singular%20values" title=" singular values"> singular values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80692/maximum-initial-input-allowed-to-iterative-learning-control-set-up-using-singular-values" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Setting Uncertainty Conditions Using Singular Values for Repetitive Control in State Feedback</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20A.%20Alsubaie">Muhammad A. Alsubaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mubarak%20K.%20H.%20Alhajri"> Mubarak K. H. Alhajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20S.%20Altowaim"> Tarek S. Altowaim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A repetitive controller designed to accommodate periodic disturbances via state feedback is discussed. Periodic disturbances can be represented by a time delay model in a positive feedback loop acting on system output. A direct use of the small gain theorem solves the periodic disturbances problem via 1) isolating the delay model, 2) finding the overall system representation around the delay model and 3) designing a feedback controller that assures overall system stability and tracking error convergence. This paper addresses uncertainty conditions for the repetitive controller designed in state feedback in either past error feedforward or current error feedback using singular values. The uncertainty investigation is based on the overall system found and the stability condition associated with it; depending on the scheme used, to set an upper/lower limit weighting parameter. This creates a region that should not be exceeded in selecting the weighting parameter which in turns assures performance improvement against system uncertainty. Repetitive control problem can be described in lifted form. This allows the usage of singular values principle in setting the range for the weighting parameter selection. The Simulation results obtained show a tracking error convergence against dynamic system perturbation if the weighting parameter chosen is within the range obtained. Simulation results also show the advantage of weighting parameter usage compared to the case where it is omitted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20mismatch" title="model mismatch">model mismatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repetitive%20control" title=" repetitive control"> repetitive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singular%20values" title=" singular values"> singular values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20feedback" title=" state feedback"> state feedback</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99234/setting-uncertainty-conditions-using-singular-values-for-repetitive-control-in-state-feedback" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Assessment of Food Safety Culture in Select Restaurants and a Produce Market in Doha, Qatar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ipek%20Goktepe">Ipek Goktepe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israa%20Elnemr"> Israa Elnemr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammad%20Asim"> Hammad Asim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Feng"> Hao Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mosbah%20Kushad"> Mosbah Kushad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee%20Park"> Hee Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheikha%20Alzeyara"> Sheikha Alzeyara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Alhajri"> Mohammad Alhajri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food safety management in Qatar is under the shared oversight of multiple agencies in two government ministries (Ministry of Public Health and Ministry of Municipality and Environment). Despite the increasing number and diversity of the food service establishments, no systematic food surveillance system is in place in the country, which creates a gap in terms of determining the food safety attitudes and practices applied in the food service operations. Therefore, this study seeks to partially address this gap through determination of food safety knowledge among food handlers, specifically with respect to food preparation and handling practices, and sanitation methods applied in food service providers (FSPs) and a major market in Doha, Qatar. The study covered a sample of 53 FSPs randomly selected out of 200 FSPs. Face-to-face interviews with managers at participating FSPs were conducted using a 40-questions survey. Additionally, 120 produce handlers who are in direct contact with fresh produce at the major produce market in Doha were surveyed using a questionnaire containing 21 questions. A written informed consent was obtained from each survey participant. The survey data were analyzed using the chi-square test and correlation test. The significance was evaluated at p ˂ 0.05. The results from the FSPs surveys indicated that the average age of FSPs was 11 years, with the oldest and newest being established in 1982 and 2015, respectively. Most managers (66%) had college degree and 68% of them were trained on the food safety management system known as HACCP. These surveys revealed that FSP managers’ training and education level were highly correlated with the probability of their employees receiving food safety training while managers with lower education level had no formal training on food safety for themselves nor for their employees. Casual sit-in and fine dine-in restaurants consistently kept records (100%), followed by fast food (36%), and catering establishments (14%). The produce handlers’ survey results showed that none of the workers had any training on safe produce handling practices. The majority of the workers were in the age range of 31-40 years (37%) and only 38% of them had high-school degree. Over 64% of produce handlers claimed to wash their hands 4-5 times per day but field observations pointed limited handwashing as there was soap in the settings. This observation suggests potential food safety risks since a significant correlation (p ˂ 0.01) between the educational level and the hand-washing practices was determined. This assessment on food safety culture through determination of food and produce handlers' level of knowledge and practices, the first of its kind in Qatar, demonstrated that training and education are important factors which directly impact the food safety culture in FSPs and produce markets. These findings should help in identifying the need for on-site training of food handlers for effective food safety practices in food establishments in Qatar. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety" title="food safety">food safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety%20culture" title=" food safety culture"> food safety culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20service%20providers" title=" food service providers"> food service providers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20handlers" title=" food handlers"> food handlers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64192/assessment-of-food-safety-culture-in-select-restaurants-and-a-produce-market-in-doha-qatar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> A Geoprocessing Tool for Early Civil Work Notification to Optimize Fiber Optic Cable Installation Cost</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussain%20Adnan%20Alsalman">Hussain Adnan Alsalman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Alhajri"> Khalid Alhajri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Humoud%20Alrashidi"> Humoud Alrashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkareem%20Almakrami"> Abdulkareem Almakrami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badie%20Alguwaisem"> Badie Alguwaisem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Alshahrani"> Said Alshahrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Alrowaished"> Abdullah Alrowaished</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most of the cost of installing a new fiber optic cable is attributed to civil work-trenching-cost. In many cases, information technology departments receive project proposals in their eReview system, but not all projects are visible to everyone. Additionally, if there was no IT scope in the proposed project, it is not likely to be visible to IT. Sometimes it is too late to add IT scope after project budgets have been finalized. Finally, the eReview system is a repository of PDF files for each project, which commits the reviewer to manual work and limits automation potential. This paper details a solution to address the late notification of the eReview system by integrating IT Sites GIS data-sites locations-with land use permit (LUP) data-civil work activity, which is the first step before securing the required land usage authorizations and means no detailed designs for any relevant project before an approved LUP request. To address the manual nature of eReview system, both the LUP System and IT data are using ArcGIS Desktop, which enables the creation of a geoprocessing tool with either Python or Model Builder to automate finding and evaluating potentially usable LUP requests to reduce trenching between two sites in need of a new FOC. To achieve this, a weekly dump was taken from LUP system production data and loaded manually onto ArcMap Desktop. Then a custom tool was developed in model builder, which consisted of a table of two columns containing all the pairs of sites in need of new fiber connectivity. The tool then iterates all rows of this table, taking the sites’ pair one at a time and finding potential LUPs between them, which satisfies the provided search radius. If a group of LUPs was found, an iterator would go through each LUP to find the required civil work between the two sites and the LUP Polyline feature and the distance through the line, which would be counted as cost avoidance if an IT scope had been added. Finally, the tool will export an Excel file named with sites pair, and it will contain as many rows as the number of LUPs, which met the search radius containing trenching and pulling information and cost. As a result, multiple projects have been identified – historical, missed opportunity, and proposed projects. For the proposed project, the savings were about 75% ($750,000) to install a new fiber with the Euclidean distance between Abqaiq GOSP2 and GOSP3 DCOs. In conclusion, the current tool setup identifies opportunities to bundle civil work on single projects at a time and between two sites. More work is needed to allow the bundling of multiple projects between two sites to achieve even more cost avoidance in both capital cost and carbon footprint. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title="GIS">GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20optic%20cable%20installation%20optimization" title=" fiber optic cable installation optimization"> fiber optic cable installation optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eliminate%20redundant%20civil%20work" title=" eliminate redundant civil work"> eliminate redundant civil work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduce%20carbon%20footprint%20for%20fiber%20optic%20cable%20installation" title=" reduce carbon footprint for fiber optic cable installation"> reduce carbon footprint for fiber optic cable installation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168120/a-geoprocessing-tool-for-early-civil-work-notification-to-optimize-fiber-optic-cable-installation-cost" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> 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