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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Current overseas territories</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Current_overseas_territories-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Current overseas territories subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Current_overseas_territories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Map" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Map"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Map</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Map-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Head_of_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Head_of_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Head of state</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Head_of_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Local government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Legal system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Police_and_enforcement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Police_and_enforcement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Police and enforcement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Police_and_enforcement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joint_Ministerial_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joint_Ministerial_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Joint Ministerial Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joint_Ministerial_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disputed_sovereignty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disputed_sovereignty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Disputed sovereignty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disputed_sovereignty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Nations_list_of_non-self-governing_territories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Nations_list_of_non-self-governing_territories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>United Nations list of non-self-governing territories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Nations_list_of_non-self-governing_territories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_the_United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_the_United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Relations with the United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Relations_with_the_United_Kingdom-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Relations with the United Kingdom subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_the_United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Foreign_affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Foreign affairs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citizenship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citizenship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Citizenship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citizenship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_status_and_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_status_and_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>City status and cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_status_and_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Currencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Currencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Currencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Currencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbols_and_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbols_and_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Symbols and insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbols_and_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biodiversity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biodiversity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Biodiversity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biodiversity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">British Overseas Territories</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 85 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">85 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britse_oorsese_gebiede" title="Britse oorsese gebiede – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Britse oorsese gebiede" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittil%C3%A2%C5%A1_tovnbeln_meer%C3%A2_ku%C3%A1vluh" title="Brittilâš tovnbeln meerâ kuávluh – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Brittilâš tovnbeln meerâ kuávluh" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryttisc_landbunes" title="Bryttisc landbunes – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Bryttisc landbunes" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أقاليم ما وراء البحار البريطانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أقاليم ما وراء البحار البريطانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorio_Britanico_d%27Ultramar" title="Territorio Britanico d'Ultramar – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Territorio Britanico d'Ultramar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territoriu_Brit%C3%A1nicu_d%27Ultramar" title="Territoriu Británicu d'Ultramar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Territoriu Británicu d'Ultramar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6y%C3%BCk_Britaniyan%C4%B1n_d%C9%99niz_%C9%99razil%C9%99ri" title="Böyük Britaniyanın dəniz əraziləri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Böyük Britaniyanın dəniz əraziləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="بریتانیا خاریجی تورپاقلاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بریتانیا خاریجی تورپاقلاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9" title="ব্রিটিশ সমুদ্রপার অঞ্চলসমূহ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ব্রিটিশ সমুদ্রপার অঞ্চলসমূহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Брытанскія заморскія тэрыторыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Брытанскія заморскія тэрыторыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Британски задморски територии – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Британски задморски територии" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britische_Ibaseegebiete" title="Britische Ibaseegebiete – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Britische Ibaseegebiete" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britanske_prekomorske_teritorije" title="Britanske prekomorske teritorije – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Britanske prekomorske teritorije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiriado%C3%B9_Tramor_Breizh-Veur" title="Tiriadoù Tramor Breizh-Veur – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tiriadoù Tramor Breizh-Veur" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territoris_Brit%C3%A0nics_d%27Ultramar" title="Territoris Britànics d'Ultramar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Territoris Britànics d'Ultramar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Британин тинĕс леш енчи территорийĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Британин тинĕс леш енчи территорийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1mo%C5%99sk%C3%A9_%C3%BAzem%C3%AD_Spojen%C3%A9ho_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Zámořské území Spojeného království – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zámořské území Spojeného království" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiriogaethau_tramor_y_Deyrnas_Unedig" title="Tiriogaethau tramor y Deyrnas Unedig – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tiriogaethau tramor y Deyrnas Unedig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britisk_overs%C3%B8isk_territorium" title="Britisk oversøisk territorium – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Britisk oversøisk territorium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britische_%C3%9Cberseegebiete" title="Britische Überseegebiete – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Britische Überseegebiete" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suurbritannia_meretagused_alad" title="Suurbritannia meretagused alad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suurbritannia meretagused alad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%95%CE%B4%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%B7" title="Βρετανικά Υπερπόντια Εδάφη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βρετανικά Υπερπόντια Εδάφη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorio_brit%C3%A1nico_de_ultramar" title="Territorio británico de ultramar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Territorio británico de ultramar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britaj_transmaraj_teritorioj" title="Britaj transmaraj teritorioj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Britaj transmaraj teritorioj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsasoaz_haraindiko_britainiar_lurralde" title="Itsasoaz haraindiko britainiar lurralde – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Itsasoaz haraindiko britainiar lurralde" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سرزمین‌های فرادریایی بریتانیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرزمین‌های فرادریایی بریتانیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territoire_britannique_d%27outre-mer" title="Territoire britannique d'outre-mer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Territoire britannique d'outre-mer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%ADocha_Briotanacha_Thar_Lear" title="Críocha Briotanacha Thar Lear – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Críocha Briotanacha Thar Lear" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorio_Brit%C3%A1nico_de_Ultramar" title="Territorio Británico de Ultramar – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Territorio Británico de Ultramar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%ED%95%B4%EC%99%B8_%EC%98%81%ED%86%A0" title="영국의 해외 영토 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="영국의 해외 영토" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Բրիտանական անդրծովյան տարածքներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բրիտանական անդրծովյան տարածքներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="ब्रिटिश समुद्रपार प्रदेश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ब्रिटिश समुद्रपार प्रदेश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britanska_prekomorska_podru%C4%8Dja" title="Britanska prekomorska područja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Britanska prekomorska područja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilayah_Seberang_Laut_Britania_Raya" title="Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania Raya – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iziphaluka_zaseBritane_eziphesheya_kolwandle" title="Iziphaluka zaseBritane eziphesheya kolwandle – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Iziphaluka zaseBritane eziphesheya kolwandle" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territori_d%27oltremare_britannici" title="Territori d'oltremare britannici – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Territori d'oltremare britannici" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D" title="הטריטוריות הבריטיות שמעבר לים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הטריטוריות הבריטיות שמעבר לים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ბრიტანეთის ზღვისიქითა ტერიტორიები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბრიტანეთის ზღვისიქითა ტერიტორიები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eneo_la_ng%27ambo_la_Uingereza" title="Eneo la ng'ambo la Uingereza – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Eneo la ng'ambo la Uingereza" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raion_de_S%C3%ABuramer_Britanich" title="Raion de Sëuramer Britanich – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Raion de Sëuramer Britanich" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britu_aizj%C5%ABras_teritorijas" title="Britu aizjūras teritorijas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Britu aizjūras teritorijas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittesch_Iwwers%C3%A9igebidder" title="Brittesch Iwwerséigebidder – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Brittesch Iwwerséigebidder" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit%C5%B3_u%C5%BEj%C5%ABrio_teritorijos" title="Britų užjūrio teritorijos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Britų užjūrio teritorijos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terit%C3%B6i_d%27oltrem%C3%A2_Britanneghi" title="Teritöi d'oltremâ Britanneghi – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Teritöi d'oltremâ Britanneghi" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit_tengerent%C3%BAli_ter%C3%BCletek" title="Brit tengerentúli területek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Brit tengerentúli területek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Британски прекуморски територии – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Британски прекуморски територии" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფეშ ზუღაშმელენი ტერიტორიეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფეშ ზუღაშმელენი ტერიტორიეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="اقاليم ما وراء البحار البريطانيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اقاليم ما وراء البحار البريطانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilayah_Luar_Negeri_British" title="Wilayah Luar Negeri British – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wilayah Luar Negeri British" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE_%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဗြိတိသျှ ပင်လယ်ရပ်ခြား နယ်မြေများ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗြိတိသျှ ပင်လယ်ရပ်ခြား နယ်မြေများ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britse_overzeese_gebieden" title="Britse overzeese gebieden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Britse overzeese gebieden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="बेलायती समुद्रपार क्षेत्र – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बेलायती समुद्रपार क्षेत्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="イギリスの海外領土 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イギリスの海外領土" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britisk_oversj%C3%B8isk_territorium" title="Britisk oversjøisk territorium – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Britisk oversjøisk territorium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britiske_oversj%C3%B8iske_territorium" title="Britiske oversjøiske territorium – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Britiske oversjøiske territorium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territ%C3%B2ris_Britanics_d%27Otramar" title="Territòris Britanics d'Otramar – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Territòris Britanics d'Otramar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B6_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%88%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B6%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0" title="ବ୍ରିଟିଶ ବୈଦେଶିକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବ୍ରିଟିଶ ବୈଦେଶିକ କ୍ଷେତ୍ର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਓਵਰਸੀਜ਼ ਟੈਰੀਟਰੀਜ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਓਵਰਸੀਜ਼ ਟੈਰੀਟਰੀਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brytyjskie_terytoria_zamorskie" title="Brytyjskie terytoria zamorskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brytyjskie terytoria zamorskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territ%C3%B3rios_Ultramarinos_Brit%C3%A2nicos" title="Territórios Ultramarinos Britânicos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Territórios Ultramarinos Britânicos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teritoriile_britanice_de_peste_m%C4%83ri" title="Teritoriile britanice de peste mări – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Teritoriile britanice de peste mări" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Британские заморские территории – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Британские заморские территории" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breetish_Owerseas_Territories" title="Breetish Owerseas Territories – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Breetish Owerseas Territories" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territoret_e_Jashtme_Britanike" title="Territoret e Jashtme Britanike – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Territoret e Jashtme Britanike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="British Overseas Territories" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1morsk%C3%A9_%C3%BAzemie_Spojen%C3%A9ho_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstva" title="Zámorské územie Spojeného kráľovstva – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zámorské územie Spojeného kráľovstva" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britanska_%C4%8Dezmorska_ozemlja" title="Britanska čezmorska ozemlja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Britanska čezmorska ozemlja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Британске прекоморске територије – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Британске прекоморске територије" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britanske_prekomorske_teritorije" title="Britanske prekomorske teritorije – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Britanske prekomorske teritorije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9ritori_Peuntas_Laut_Britania" title="Téritori Peuntas Laut Britania – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Téritori Peuntas Laut Britania" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britannian_merentakaiset_alueet" title="Britannian merentakaiset alueet – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Britannian merentakaiset alueet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storbritanniens_utomeuropeiska_territorier" title="Storbritanniens utomeuropeiska territorier – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Storbritanniens utomeuropeiska territorier" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="பிரித்தானிய கடல் கடந்த ஆள்புலங்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரித்தானிய கடல் கடந்த ஆள்புலங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99" title="ดินแดนโพ้นทะเลของบริเตน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดินแดนโพ้นทะเลของบริเตน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britanya_Deniza%C5%9F%C4%B1r%C4%B1_Topraklar%C4%B1" title="Britanya Denizaşırı Toprakları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Britanya Denizaşırı Toprakları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibyin_Nta_Bi%CC%B1ri%CC%B1ti%CC%B1n" title="Bibyin Nta Bi̱ri̱ti̱n – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Bibyin Nta Bi̱ri̱ti̱n" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97" title="Британські заморські території – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Британські заморські території" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%92" title="برطانوی سمندر پار علاقے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برطانوی سمندر پار علاقے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terit%C3%B2rio_Brit%C3%A0nego_de_Oltremar" title="Teritòrio Britànego de Oltremar – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Teritòrio Britànego de Oltremar" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A3nh_th%E1%BB%95_h%E1%BA%A3i_ngo%E1%BA%A1i_thu%E1%BB%99c_Anh" title="Lãnh thổ hải ngoại thuộc Anh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lãnh thổ hải ngoại thuộc Anh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英国海外领地 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="英国海外领地" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8-%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%A1" title="בריטישע מעבר-לים טעריטאריעס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בריטישע מעבר-לים טעריטאריעס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_Agb%C3%A8gb%C3%A8_%C3%92k%C3%A8r%C3%A8_Br%C3%ADt%C3%A1n%C3%AC" title="Àwọn Agbègbè Òkèrè Brítánì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Agbègbè Òkèrè Brítánì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外屬土 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="英國海外屬土" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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.infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-official-below{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-other{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-caption{padding-top:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-motto{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-elevation{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}</style><table class="infobox ib-pol-div vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">British Overseas Territories</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/230px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/306px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Flag of the United Kingdom">Flag</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Anthem</b>: "<a href="/wiki/God_Save_the_King" title="God Save the King">God Save the King</a>" <div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="64" data-mwtitle="United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source 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srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_(%2Boverseas_territories)_in_the_World_(%2BAntarctica_claims).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories"><img alt="Location of the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg/290px-United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg/435px-United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg/580px-United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2521" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span><div class="ib-pol-div-caption">Location of the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest territory</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a></li><li>Briton</li><li>multiple local demonyms</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">Devolved administrations</a> under a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">Monarch</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Lammy" title="David Lammy">David Lammy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Europe,_North_America_and_Overseas_Territories" title="Minister of State for Europe, North America and Overseas Territories">Minister of State for Europe, North America and Overseas Territories</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Doughty" title="Stephen Doughty">Stephen Doughty</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">18,015<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km<sup>2</sup> (6,956 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• 2019 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">272,256</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date format</th><td class="infobox-data">dd/mm/yyyy</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>British Overseas Territories</b> (<b>BOTs</b>) are the fourteen <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">territories</a> with a constitutional and historical link with the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> that, while not forming part of the United Kingdom itself, are part of its sovereign territory.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The permanently inhabited territories are delegated varying degrees of internal <a href="/wiki/Self-governance" title="Self-governance">self-governance</a>, with the United Kingdom retaining responsibility for <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">defence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign relations">foreign relations</a>, and internal security, and ultimate responsibility for "good"<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (August 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> governance.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three of the territories are chiefly or only inhabited by military or scientific personnel, the rest hosting significant civilian populations. All fourteen have the <a href="/wiki/British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarch">British monarch</a> as <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These UK government responsibilities are assigned to various departments of the <a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office</a> and are subject to change. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the territories retain permanent civilian populations, with the exceptions of the <a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a> (which host only officials and research station staff) and the <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> (used as a military base). Permanent residency for the approximately 7,000 civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of <a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a> is limited to citizens of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Cyprus">Republic of Cyprus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Collectively, the territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people<sup id="cite_ref-HCFAC_2019_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCFAC_2019-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a land area of about 480,000 sq nmi (1,600,000 km<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vast majority of this land area constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory (the land area of all the territories excepting the Antarctic territory is only 18,015 km<sup>2</sup> [6,956 sq mi]), while the two largest territories by population, the <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, account for about half of the total BOT population. The Cayman Islands alone comprise 28% of the entire BOT population.<sup id="cite_ref-eso.ky_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eso.ky-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the other end of the scale, three territories have no civilian inhabitants – the Antarctic Territory (currently consisting of five research stations),<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the British Indian Ocean Territory (whose inhabitants, the <a href="/wiki/Chagossians" title="Chagossians">Chagossians</a>, were forcibly moved to <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> and the United Kingdom between 1968 and 1973),<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia" title="South Georgia">South Georgia</a> (which actually did have a full-time population of two between 1992 and 2006).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a>, settled by the survivors of the <a href="/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty" title="Mutiny on the Bounty">mutiny on the <i>Bounty</i></a>, is the smallest settled territory, with 49 inhabitants (all of whom live on the titular island),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar, which lies on the southern tip of the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United Kingdom participates in the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty System</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, as part of a mutual agreement, the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the six other <a href="/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_Antarctica" title="Territorial claims in Antarctica">sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_overseas_territories">Current overseas territories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Current overseas territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_that_have_gained_independence_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom">List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>The 14 British Overseas Territories are:<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable sortable noresize"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Flag </th> <th class="unsortable">Arms </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Location </th> <th class="unsortable">Motto </th> <th>Area </th> <th>Population </th> <th class="unsortable">Capital </th> <th>GDP<br />(nominal) </th> <th>GDP per<br />capita<br />(nominal) </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/46px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="46" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/68px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/91px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg/40px-Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg/60px-Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg/80px-Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Akrotiri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg/40px-Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg/60px-Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg/80px-Official_seal_of_the_Sovereign_Base_Area_of_Dhekelia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cyprus" title="Geography of Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000255 !">255 km<sup>2</sup> (98 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="07700 !">7,700</span> <small>(Cypriots; estimate)</small><br />8,000 non-permanent <small>(UK military personnel and their families; estimate)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Full sovereignty (beyond that of any other military base) disputed by <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Anguilla.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/80px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/120px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/160px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg/32px-Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg/48px-Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg/64px-Coat_of_arms_of_Anguilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, North <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> </td> <td>"Unity, Strength and Endurance" </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000091 !">91 km<sup>2</sup> (35.1 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-jncc.gov.uk_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jncc.gov.uk-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="14869 !">14,869</span> <small>(2019 estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Valley,_Anguilla" title="The Valley, Anguilla">The Valley</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="299 !">$299 million</span> </td> <td>$20,307 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bermuda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/80px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/120px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/160px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg/27px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg/54px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="925" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> </td> <td>North Atlantic Ocean between the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Sable_Island" title="Cape Sable Island">Cape Sable Island</a> in Canada, and <a href="/wiki/Cape_Hatteras" title="Cape Hatteras">Cape Hatteras</a> (its nearest neighbour) in the United States </td> <td>"Quo fata ferunt" (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; "Whither the Fates carry [us]") </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000054 !">54 km<sup>2</sup> (20.8 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-data.un.org_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-data.un.org-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="62506 !">62,506</span> <small>(2019 estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Bermuda" title="Hamilton, Bermuda">Hamilton</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6464 !">$6.464 billion</span> </td> <td>$102,987 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/39px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="39" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/59px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/79px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="717" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> </td> <td>"Research and discovery" </td> <td><span data-sort-value="1709400 !">1,709,400 km<sup>2</sup> (660,000 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-jncc.gov.uk_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jncc.gov.uk-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="00000 !">0</span><br />50 non-permanent in winter, over 400 in summer <small>(research personnel)</small><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rothera" class="mw-redirect" title="Rothera">Rothera</a> (main base) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Subject to the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty System</a>. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> </td> <td>"In tutela nostra Limuria" (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; "<a href="/wiki/Limuria" class="mw-redirect" title="Limuria">Limuria</a> is in our charge") </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000060 !">60 km<sup>2</sup> (23 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="00000 !">0</span><br />3,000 non-permanent <small>(UK and US military and staff personnel; estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Naval_Support_Facility_Diego_Garcia" title="Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia">Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia</a> (base) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>. Includes seven atolls of the <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Archipelago" title="Chagos Archipelago">Chagos Archipelago</a> and the island of <a href="/wiki/Diego_Garcia" title="Diego Garcia">Diego Garcia</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/37px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/55px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/73px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, North Atlantic Ocean </td> <td>"Vigilate" (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; "Be watchful") </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000153 !">153 km<sup>2</sup> (59 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="31758 !">31,758</span> <small>(2018 census)</small><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Road_Town" title="Road Town">Road Town</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="1050 !">$1.05 billion</span> </td> <td>$48,511 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tortola" title="Tortola">Tortola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Gorda" title="Virgin Gorda">Virgin Gorda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anegada" title="Anegada">Anegada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jost_Van_Dyke" title="Jost Van Dyke">Jost Van Dyke</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/33px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/49px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/65px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="314" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>"He hath founded it upon the seas" </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000264 !">264 km<sup>2</sup> (101.9 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-CIA_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="68076 !">78,554</span> <small>(2022 report)</small><sup id="cite_ref-CIA_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Town,_Cayman_Islands" title="George Town, Cayman Islands">George Town</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="4298 !">$4.298 billion</span> </td> <td>$85,474 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grand_Cayman" title="Grand Cayman">Grand Cayman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Brac" title="Cayman Brac">Cayman Brac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Little_Cayman" title="Little Cayman">Little Cayman</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/46px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/61px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="1010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="South Atlantic Ocean A !">South Atlantic Ocean</span> </td> <td>"Desire the right" </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0012173 !">12,173 km<sup>2</sup> (4,700 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-data.un.org_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-data.un.org-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3377 !">3,377</span> <small>(2019 estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />1,350 non-permanent <small>(UK military personnel; 2012 estimate)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stanley,_Falkland_Islands" title="Stanley, Falkland Islands">Stanley</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="164.5 !">$164.5 million</span> </td> <td>$70,800 </td> <td>Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>. In 1982 the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> was fought over control of the islands. Includes <a href="/wiki/East_Falkland" title="East Falkland">East Falkland</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Falkland" title="West Falkland">West Falkland</a> and over 700 other islands. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/80px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/120px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/160px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg/35px-Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg/53px-Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="716" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Continental_Europe" title="Continental Europe">Continental Europe</a> </td> <td>"Nulli expugnabilis hosti" (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; "No enemy shall expel us") </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000006.5 !">6.5 km<sup>2</sup> (2.5 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="33701 !">33,701</span> <small>(2019 estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />1,250 non-permanent <small>(UK military personnel; 2012 estimate)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3080 !">$3.08 billion</span> </td> <td>$92,843 </td> <td>Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Montserrat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/80px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/120px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/160px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg/31px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg/47px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg/62px-Coat_of_arms_of_Montserrat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="674" data-file-height="865" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a> </td> <td>Caribbean, North Atlantic Ocean </td> <td>"A people of excellence, moulded by nature, nurtured by God" </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000101 !">101 km<sup>2</sup> (39 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="05215 !">5,215</span> <small>(2019 census)</small><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Montserrat" title="Plymouth, Montserrat">Plymouth</a> (de jure, but abandoned due to <a href="/wiki/Soufri%C3%A8re_Hills" title="Soufrière Hills">Soufrière Hills volcanic eruption</a>. De facto capital is <a href="/wiki/Brades" title="Brades">Brades</a>) </td> <td><span data-sort-value="61 !">$61 million</span> </td> <td>$12,181 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/34px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/51px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/68px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="468" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a> </td> <td>Pacific Ocean </td> <td> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000047 !">47 km<sup>2</sup> (18 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="00035 !">35</span> <small>(2023 estimate)<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />6 non-permanent <small>(2014 estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adamstown,_Pitcairn_Islands" title="Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands">Adamstown</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value=".14471513 !">$144,715</span> </td> <td>$2,894 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Island" title="Pitcairn Island">Pitcairn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" title="Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands)">Henderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ducie_Island" title="Ducie Island">Ducie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oeno_Island" title="Oeno Island">Oeno</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/46px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="46" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/68px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/91px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha A !"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a>,<br />including:</span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="South Atlantic Ocean B !">South Atlantic Ocean</span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="0000420 !">420 km<sup>2</sup> (162 sq mi)</span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="05633 !">5,633</span> <small>(total; 2016 census)</small> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Saint_Helena" title="Jamestown, Saint Helena">Jamestown</a> </td> <td>$55.7 million </td> <td>$12,230 </td> <td rowspan="4"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg/80px-Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg/120px-Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg/160px-Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg/30px-Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg/45px-Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg/60px-Shield_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="201" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha B !"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="South Atlantic Ocean C !"></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px">"Loyal and Unshakeable" <small>(Saint Helena)</small> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="0000419.9 !"></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="05632.9 !">4,349</span> <small>(Saint Helena; 2019 census)</small><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="£18.649 million !"></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="£4,569.9 !"></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg/80px-Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg/120px-Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg/160px-Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg/43px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="43" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg/65px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg/87px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="476" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha B !"><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="South Atlantic Ocean C !"></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="0000419.9 !"></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="05632.9 !">880</span> <small>(Ascension; estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-BBCStHelena_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCStHelena-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />1,000 non-permanent <small>(Ascension; UK military personnel; estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-BBCStHelena_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCStHelena-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="£18.649 million !"></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="£4,569.9 !"></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/80px-Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/120px-Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/160px-Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/36px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/54px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/72px-Coat_of_arms_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha B !"><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="South Atlantic Ocean C !"></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px">"Our faith is our strength" <small>(Tristan da Cunha)</small> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="0000419.9 !"></span> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"><span data-sort-value="05632.9 !">300</span> <small>(Tristan da Cunha; estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-BBCStHelena_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCStHelena-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />9 non-permanent <small>(Tristan da Cunha; weather personnel)</small> </td> <td style="border-bottom:0px;border-top:0px"> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="£18.649 million !"></span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="£4,569.9 !"></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/80px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/120px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/160px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/24px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/37px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/49px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="837" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="South Atlantic Ocean D !">South Atlantic Ocean</span> </td> <td>"Leo terram propriam protegat" (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; "Let the lion protect his own land") </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0003903 !">3,903 km<sup>2</sup> (1,507 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="00000 !">0</span><br />99 non-permanent <small>(officials and research personnel)</small><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_Edward_Point" title="King Edward Point">King Edward Point</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>. The islands were occupied by Argentina during the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> in 1982. Consists of <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia" title="South Georgia">South Georgia</a> and a chain of smaller islands known as the South Sandwich Islands. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/35px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/53px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="693" data-file-height="787" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="0000430 !">948 km<sup>2</sup> (366 sq mi)</span><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="38191 !">38,191</span> <small>(2019 estimate)</small><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cockburn_Town" title="Cockburn Town">Cockburn Town</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="1077 !">$1.077 billion</span> </td> <td>£28,589 </td> <td>Includes <a href="/wiki/Grand_Turk_Island" title="Grand Turk Island">Grand Turk Island</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Overall </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1,727,415 km<sup>2</sup><br />(18,105 km<sup>2</sup> excl. BAT) </th> <th><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 272,256<sup id="cite_ref-HCFAC_2019_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCFAC_2019-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th> </th> <th><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> $16.55 billion </th> <th> </th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Map">Map</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Map"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Overseas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/British_Overseas.png/750px-British_Overseas.png" decoding="async" width="750" height="620" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/British_Overseas.png/1125px-British_Overseas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/British_Overseas.png/1500px-British_Overseas.png 2x" data-file-width="2768" data-file-height="2288" /></a><figcaption><div style="position:relative; margin:0 auto; padding:0; text-align:initial; width:-moz-fit-content;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:fit-content;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ff8080; color:black;"> </span> British Overseas Territories</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#aade87; color:black;"> </span> United Kingdom</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#83b4ff; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a></div> </div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_British_Empire" title="Territorial evolution of the British Empire">Territorial evolution of the British Empire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_that_have_gained_independence_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom">List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bermuda-Harbour_and_Town_of_St_George.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bermuda-Harbour_and_Town_of_St_George.jpg/250px-Bermuda-Harbour_and_Town_of_St_George.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bermuda-Harbour_and_Town_of_St_George.jpg/375px-Bermuda-Harbour_and_Town_of_St_George.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Bermuda-Harbour_and_Town_of_St_George.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">St. George's</a> town (originally named <i>New London</i>), in the Islands of Bermuda, or "The Somers Isles". The colony was founded by the wrecking of the flagship of the <a href="/wiki/London_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="London Company">Virginia Company</a> in 1609. The company's charter was extended to include Bermuda in 1612, and it has remained an English (since 1707, <i>British</i>) colony ever since. Since the rebellion of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, it has been the oldest-remaining British colony, and the town of St. George's is the oldest continuously inhabited British settlement in the New World.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Early colonies, in the sense of English subjects residing in lands hitherto outside the control of the English government, were generally known as <i><a href="/wiki/Plantation_(settlement_or_colony)" title="Plantation (settlement or colony)">plantations</a>.</i> </p><p>The first, unofficial, colony was <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_Colony" title="Newfoundland Colony">Newfoundland Colony</a>, where English fishermen routinely set up seasonal camps in the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is now a <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">province of Canada</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a>. </p><p>After failed attempts, including the <a href="/wiki/Roanoke_Colony" title="Roanoke Colony">Roanoke Colony</a>, the permanent <a href="/wiki/English_colonisation_of_North_America" class="mw-redirect" title="English colonisation of North America">English colonisation of North America</a> began officially in 1607 with the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Virginia" title="Jamestown, Virginia">Jamestown</a>, the first successful permanent colony in <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia</a> (a term that was then applied generally to North America). Its offshoot, <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, was settled inadvertently after the wrecking of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Company" title="Virginia Company">Virginia Company</a>'s flagship there in 1609, with the company's charter extended to officially include the archipelago in 1612. <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">St. George's</a> town, founded in Bermuda in that year, remains the oldest continuously inhabited British settlement in the New World (with some historians stating that – its formation predating the 1619 conversion of <i>James Fort</i> into <i>Jamestown</i> – St. George's was actually the first successful town the English established in the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>). Bermuda and Bermudians have played important, sometimes pivotal, but generally underestimated or unacknowledged roles in the shaping of the English and British transatlantic empires. These include maritime commerce, settlement of the continent and of the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a>, and the projection of naval power via the colony's <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateers</a>, among other areas.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The growth of the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> in the 19th century, to its territorial peak in the 1920s, saw Britain acquire nearly one quarter of the world's land mass, including territories with large indigenous populations in Asia and Africa. From the middle of the 19th century to the early 20th century, the larger settler colonies – in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa – first became <a href="/wiki/Self-governing_colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-governing colonies">self-governing colonies</a> and then achieved independence in all matters except foreign policy, defence and trade. Separate self-governing colonies federated to become <a href="/wiki/Canada#Confederation_and_expansion" title="Canada">Canada</a> (in 1867), <a href="/wiki/Australia#Federation_to_the_World_Wars" title="Australia">Australia</a> (in 1901), <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">South Africa</a> (in 1910) and <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a> (in 1965). These and other large self-governing colonies had by the 1920s become known as <i><a href="/wiki/Dominion" title="Dominion">dominions</a></i>. The dominions achieved almost full independence with the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Westminster_(1931)" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Westminster (1931)">Statute of Westminster (1931)</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_in_its_region_(North_America_special).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/United_Kingdom_in_its_region_%28North_America_special%29.svg/220px-United_Kingdom_in_its_region_%28North_America_special%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/United_Kingdom_in_its_region_%28North_America_special%29.svg/330px-United_Kingdom_in_its_region_%28North_America_special%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/United_Kingdom_in_its_region_%28North_America_special%29.svg/440px-United_Kingdom_in_its_region_%28North_America_special%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="415" data-file-height="233" /></a><figcaption>Five of the overseas territories are in the Caribbean, as shown on the map.</figcaption></figure> <p>Through a process of <a href="/wiki/British_Empire#Decolonisation_and_decline_(1945–1997)" title="British Empire">decolonisation</a> following the Second World War, most of the British colonies in Africa, Asia and the Caribbean chose independence. Some colonies became <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realms</a>, retaining the monarch as their own <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most former colonies and protectorates became <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations">member states of the Commonwealth of Nations</a>, a non-political, <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_association" title="Voluntary association">voluntary association</a> of equal members, comprising a population of around 2.2 billion people.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the independence of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>) in Africa in 1980 and <a href="/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">British Honduras</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>) in Central America in 1981, the last major colony that remained was <a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, with a population of over 5 million.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With 1997 approaching, the United Kingdom and China negotiated the <a href="/wiki/Sino-British_Joint_Declaration" title="Sino-British Joint Declaration">Sino-British Joint Declaration</a>, which led to the whole of Hong Kong becoming a <a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_region_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Special administrative region of China">special administrative region of China</a> in 1997, subject to various conditions intended to guarantee the preservation of Hong Kong's capitalist economy and its way of life under British rule for at least <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">50 years after the handover</a>. <a href="/wiki/George_Town,_Cayman_Islands" title="George Town, Cayman Islands">George Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a>, has consequently become the largest city among the dependent territories, partly because of the constant and healthy flow of immigration to the city and the territory as a whole, which saw its population jump 26% from 2010 to 2021, the fastest population growth of any of the territories.<sup id="cite_ref-eso.ky_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eso.ky-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to 1 January 1983, the territories were officially referred to as the <i><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Colonies">Crown Colonies</a></i>. At that time they were renamed <i>British Dependent Territories</i>. In 2002, the British Parliament passed the <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories_Act_2002" title="British Overseas Territories Act 2002">British Overseas Territories Act 2002</a> which introduced the current name of <i>British Overseas Territories</i>. This reclassified the UK's dependent territories as <i>overseas territories</i> and, with the exception of those people solely connected with the Sovereign Base Areas on Cyprus, restored full British citizenship to their inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_membership_of_the_European_Union" title="United Kingdom membership of the European Union">membership of the United Kingdom</a>, the main body of EU law did not apply and, although certain slices of EU law were applied to the overseas territories as part of the EU's Association of <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Countries_and_Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas Countries and Territories">Overseas Countries and Territories</a> (OCT Association), they were not commonly enforceable in local courts. The OCT Association also provided overseas territories with structural funding for regeneration projects. <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> was the only overseas territory that was part of the EU, although it was not part of the European Customs Union, the European Tax Policy, the European Statistics Zone or the Common Agriculture Policy. Gibraltar was not a member of the EU in its own right; it received representation in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> through its being part of the <a href="/wiki/South_West_England_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="South West England (European Parliament constituency)">South West England</a> constituency. Overseas citizens held concurrent European Union citizenship, giving them rights of free movement across all EU member states. </p><p>The Sovereign Base Areas in Cyprus were never part of the EU, but they are the only British Overseas Territory to use the <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> as official currency, having previously had the <a href="/wiki/Cypriot_pound" title="Cypriot pound">Cypriot pound</a> as their currency until 1 January 2008. </p><p>On 15 May 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Historical_flags_of_the_British_Empire_and_the_overseas_territories" title="Historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories">sixteen heraldic shields</a> of the British Overseas Territories and <a href="/wiki/List_of_national_symbols_of_the_United_Kingdom,_the_Channel_Islands_and_the_Isle_of_Man" title="List of national symbols of the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man">the three coat of arms</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> were "immortalised" in two new <a href="/wiki/Stained-glass_windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Stained-glass windows">stained-glass windows</a>, unveiled in the <a href="/wiki/Speaker%27s_House" title="Speaker's House">Speaker's House</a> at the <a href="/wiki/New_Palace_of_Westminster" class="mw-redirect" title="New Palace of Westminster">New Palace of Westminster</a>. <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Lindsay_Hoyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Lindsay Hoyle">Sir Lindsay Hoyle</a> said "The two windows represent part of our <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">United Kingdom</a> family".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Head_of_state">Head of state</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Head of state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The head of state in the overseas territories is the British monarch, currently King Charles III. The monarch appoints a representative in each territory to exercise the executive power of the monarch. In territories with a permanent population, a governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government. Currently (2019) all but two governors are either career diplomats or have worked in other civil service departments. The remaining two governors are former members of the British armed forces. In territories without a permanent population, a commissioner is usually appointed to represent the monarch. Exceptionally, in the overseas territories of Saint Helena, Ascension, Tristan da Cunha and the Pitcairn Islands, an administrator is appointed to be the governor's representative. In the territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, there is an administrator in each of the two distant parts of the territory, namely <a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a>. The administrator of the Pitcairn Islands resides on Pitcairn, with the governor based in New Zealand. </p><p>Following the Lords' decision in <i>Ex parte</i> Quark, 2005, it is held that the King in exercising his authority over British Overseas Territories does not act on the advice of the government of the UK, but in his role as king of each territory, with the exception of fulfilling the UK's international responsibilities for its territories. The reserve powers of the Crown for each territory are no longer considered to be exercisable on the advice of the UK government. To comply with the court's decision, the territorial governors now act on the advice of each territory's executive and the UK government can no longer disallow legislation passed by territorial legislatures.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The role of the governor is to act as the <i>de facto</i> <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>, and they are usually responsible for appointing the head of government, and senior political positions in the territory. The governor is also responsible for liaising with the UK government, and carrying out any ceremonial duties. A commissioner has the same powers as a governor, but also acts as the head of government.<sup id="cite_ref-publications.parliament.uk_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publications.parliament.uk-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_government">Local government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Local government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_heads_of_government_in_the_United_Kingdom_and_dependencies#Overseas_Territories" title="List of current heads of government in the United Kingdom and dependencies">List of current heads of government in the United Kingdom and dependencies § Overseas Territories</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_dependent_territories" title="List of leaders of dependent territories">List of leaders of dependent territories</a></div> <p>Although the British Government is the national government, much of governance within the territories has been delegated to local government, with all of those that have permanent populations having some degree of representative government (which was not the case for <a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British Hong Kong</a>) which have been delegated responsibility for local legislation, irrevocably guaranteed the same rights and representation they would have if born in England, representation in the national <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> has yet to be extended to any overseas territory. The structure of the territorial government appears to be closely correlated to the size and political development of the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-publications.parliament.uk_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-publications.parliament.uk-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Territories</th> <th>Government </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li></ul> </td> <td>There is no native or permanent population; therefore there is no elected government. The commissioner, supported by an administrator, runs the affairs of the territory. </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li></ul> </td> <td>There is no elected government, as there is no native settled population. The <a href="/wiki/Chagossians" title="Chagossians">Chagossians</a> – who were <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Chagossians" title="Expulsion of the Chagossians">forcibly evicted</a> from the territory in 1971 – won a <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Justice" title="High Court of Justice">High Court</a> judgement allowing them to return, but this was then overridden by an <a href="/wiki/Order_in_Council" title="Order in Council">Order in Council</a> preventing them from returning. The final appeal to the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_functions_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Judicial functions of the House of Lords">House of Lords</a> (regarding the lawfulness of the Order in Council) was decided in the government's favour, exhausting the islanders' legal options in the United Kingdom at present. </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li></ul> </td> <td>There is no elected government. The Commander <a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Cyprus" title="British Forces Cyprus">British Forces Cyprus</a> acts as the territory's administrator, with a chief officer responsible for the day-to-day running of the civil government. As far as possible, laws are converged with those of the Republic of Cyprus.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li></ul> </td> <td>There are an elected <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" title="List of rulers of the Pitcairn Islands">mayor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Island_Council_(Pitcairn)" title="Island Council (Pitcairn)">Island Council</a>, who have the power to propose and administer local legislation. However, their decisions are subject to approval by the governor, who retains near-unlimited powers of plenary legislation on behalf of the United Kingdom government. </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li></ul> </td> <td>The government consists of an elected <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands">Legislative Assembly</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands">chief executive</a> and the director of corporate resources as <a href="/wiki/Ex_officio_member" title="Ex officio member"><i>ex officio</i> members</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></li></ul> </td> <td>The government consists of an elected Legislative Council. The governor is the head of government and leads the Executive Council, consisting of appointed members made up from the Legislative Council and two <i>ex-officio</i> members. Governance on Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha is led by administrators who are advised by elected Island Councils.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li></ul> </td> <td>These territories have a House of Assembly, Legislative Assembly (Montserrat), with political parties. The Executive Council is usually called a cabinet and is led by a <a href="/wiki/Premier" title="Premier">premier</a>, who is the leader of the majority party in parliament. The governor exercises less power over local affairs and deals mostly with foreign affairs and economic issues, while the elected government controls most "domestic" concerns.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li></ul> </td> <td>The Cayman Islands has a unicameral legislature with multiple political parties. On 11 November 2020, constitutional reforms were approved which would reintroduce the islands' Governmental body as the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="Parliament of the Cayman Islands">Parliament of the Cayman Islands</a>. Other changes include giving the territory more autonomy and reducing the power of the Governor.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li></ul> </td> <td>Under the <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Constitution_Order_2006" title="Gibraltar Constitution Order 2006">Gibraltar Constitution Order 2006</a> which was approved in Gibraltar by <a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_constitutional_referendum,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibraltarian constitutional referendum, 2006">a referendum</a>, Gibraltar now has a <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Parliament" title="Gibraltar Parliament">Parliament</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Gibraltar" title="Government of Gibraltar">Government of Gibraltar</a>, headed by the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Gibraltar" title="Chief Minister of Gibraltar">chief minister</a>, is elected. Defence, external affairs and internal security vest in the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Gibraltar" title="Governor of Gibraltar">governor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li></ul> </td> <td>Bermuda, settled in 1609 and self-governed since 1620, is the oldest of the Overseas Territories. The bicameral <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bermuda" title="Parliament of Bermuda">Parliament</a> consists of a <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Bermuda" title="Senate of Bermuda">Senate</a> and a <a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Bermuda" title="House of Assembly of Bermuda">House of Assembly</a>, and most executive powers have been delegated to the head of government, known as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Premiers_of_Bermuda" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Premiers of Bermuda">premier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </td> <td>The Turks and Caicos Islands adopted a new constitution effective 9 August 2006; their head of government now also has the title <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Premier</a>, their legislature is called the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_(Turks_and_Caicos_Islands)" title="House of Assembly (Turks and Caicos Islands)">House of Assembly</a>, and their autonomy has been greatly increased.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_system">Legal system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legal system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each overseas territory has its own legal system independent of the United Kingdom. The legal system is generally based on <a href="/wiki/English_common_law" class="mw-redirect" title="English common law">English common law</a>, with some distinctions for local circumstances. Each territory has its own attorney general and court system. For the smaller territories, the United Kingdom may appoint a UK-based lawyer or judge to work on legal cases. This is particularly important for cases involving serious crimes and where it is impossible to find a jury who will not know the defendant in a small population island.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whilst many are geographically remote, the British Overseas Territories share a direct connection with elements of supervisory governance (as did the now independent Commonwealth Nations) still exercisable by the UK’s Government in London, UK.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2004_Pitcairn_Islands_sexual_assault_trial" title="2004 Pitcairn Islands sexual assault trial">2004 Pitcairn Islands sexual assault trial</a> is an example of how the United Kingdom may choose to provide the legal framework for particular cases where the territory cannot do so alone. </p><p>The highest court for all the British overseas territories is the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Committee_of_the_Privy_Council" title="Judicial Committee of the Privy Council">Judicial Committee of the Privy Council</a> in London. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Police_and_enforcement">Police and enforcement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Police and enforcement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The British overseas territories generally look after their own policing matters and have their own <a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories#Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">police forces</a>. In smaller territories, the senior officer(s) may be recruited or seconded from a UK police force, and specialist staff and equipment may be sent to assist the local force. </p><p>Some territories may have other forces beyond the main territorial police, for instance an airport police, such as <a href="/wiki/Airport_Security_Police_(Bermuda)" title="Airport Security Police (Bermuda)">Airport Security Police (Bermuda)</a>, or a defence police force, such as the <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Defence_Police" title="Gibraltar Defence Police">Gibraltar Defence Police</a>. In addition, most territories have customs, immigration, border and coastguard agencies. </p><p>Territories with military bases or responsibilities may also have "Overseas Service Police", members of the British or Commonwealth Armed Forces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joint_Ministerial_Council">Joint Ministerial Council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Joint Ministerial Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/UK%E2%80%93Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council" title="UK–Overseas Territories Joint Ministerial Council">UK–Overseas Territories Joint Ministerial Council</a></div> <p>A Joint Ministerial Council of UK ministers, and the leaders of the overseas territories has been held annually since 2012 to provide representation between UK government departments and overseas territory governments.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disputed_sovereignty">Disputed sovereignty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Disputed sovereignty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Status_of_Gibraltar" title="Status of Gibraltar">Status of Gibraltar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_sovereignty_dispute" title="Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute">Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute</a></div> <p>The British Antarctic Territory overlaps with territory claims by both Argentina and Chile. However, territorial claims on the continent may not currently be advanced, under the holding measures of the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gibraltar was captured from Spain in 1704 by a force led by Admiral Sir George Rooke representing the Grand Alliance on behalf of the Archduke Charles, pretender to the Spanish throne. Spanish attempts to regain the territory failed, and it was eventually ceded to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Britain</a> under the 1713 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Utrecht">Treaty of Utrecht</a> as part of the settlement of the War of the Spanish Succession. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> (BIOT) was the subject of a territorial dispute with <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, the government of which claims that the separation of the <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Archipelago" title="Chagos Archipelago">Chagos Archipelago</a> from the rest of <a href="/wiki/British_Mauritius" title="British Mauritius">British Mauritius</a> in 1965, three years before Mauritius was granted independence from the United Kingdom, was unlawful. The long-running dispute was referred in 2017 to the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a>, which issued an advisory opinion on 25 February 2019 which supported the position of the government of Mauritius. On 3 October 2024, British prime minister <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> and Mauritian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Pravind_Jugnauth" title="Pravind Jugnauth">Pravind Jugnauth</a> jointly announced that an agreement had been reached under which the UK would cede sovereignty over the territory. Under the deal, Diego Garcia will be excluded from any resettlement, and the UK will continue to administer the island for at least 99 years.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCHarding2024_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCHarding2024-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UKGovStatement20241003_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UKGovStatement20241003-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Nations_list_of_non-self-governing_territories">United Nations list of non-self-governing territories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: United Nations list of non-self-governing territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Of the eleven territories with a permanent population, all except the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Base_Areas_of_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> continue to be listed by the <a href="/wiki/Special_Committee_on_Decolonization" title="Special Committee on Decolonization">UN Special Committee on Decolonization</a> as <a href="/wiki/Non-self-governing_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-self-governing territories">non-self-governing territories</a> since they were listed as dependent territories by the UK when it joined the UN in 1947. This means that the UK remains the official administrative power of these territories, and under Article 73 is therefore required "to develop self-government, to take due account of the political aspirations of the peoples, and to assist them in the progressive development of their free political institutions."<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relations_with_the_United_Kingdom">Relations with the United Kingdom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Relations with the United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg/250px-British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg/375px-British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg/500px-British_Overseas_Territories_Joint_Ministerial_Council_with_Cameron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="1424" /></a><figcaption>Leaders of the Overseas Territories with the Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a>, in 2012</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tristanfromspace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tristanfromspace.jpg/250px-Tristanfromspace.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tristanfromspace.jpg/375px-Tristanfromspace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tristanfromspace.jpg/500px-Tristanfromspace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> on 6 February 2013, as seen from space. The population was temporarily evacuated to the UK in 1961 because of an eruption. Postal code TDCU 1ZZ</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg/250px-Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg/375px-Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg/500px-Little_Bay_Montserrat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Coastline at <a href="/wiki/Little_Bay,_Montserrat" title="Little Bay, Montserrat">Little Bay</a>, the site of the new capital of <a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a> replacing <a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Montserrat" title="Plymouth, Montserrat">Plymouth</a>. The project is funded by<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the UK's <a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office</a> (previously the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_International_Development" title="Department for International Development">Department for International Development</a>).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Overseas_Territories_(at_the_same_geographic_scale).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/British_Overseas_Territories_%28at_the_same_geographic_scale%29.svg/220px-British_Overseas_Territories_%28at_the_same_geographic_scale%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/British_Overseas_Territories_%28at_the_same_geographic_scale%29.svg/330px-British_Overseas_Territories_%28at_the_same_geographic_scale%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/British_Overseas_Territories_%28at_the_same_geographic_scale%29.svg/440px-British_Overseas_Territories_%28at_the_same_geographic_scale%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption>British overseas territories at the same geographic scale as the UK</figcaption></figure> <p>Historically the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Colonies" title="Secretary of State for the Colonies">Secretary of State for the Colonies</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Office" title="Colonial Office">Colonial Office</a> were responsible for overseeing all British Colonies, but today the <a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office</a> (FCDO) has the responsibility of looking after the interests of all overseas territories except the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which comes under the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the FCDO, the general responsibility for the territories is handled by the Overseas Territories Directorate.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the FCO published <i>The Overseas Territories: security, success and sustainability</i> which set out Britain's policy for the Overseas Territories, covering six main areas:<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Defence, security and safety of the territories and their people</li> <li>Successful and resilient economies</li> <li>Cherishing the environment</li> <li>Making government work better</li> <li>Vibrant and flourishing communities</li> <li>Productive links with the wider world</li></ul> <p>Britain and the Overseas Territories do not have diplomatic representations, although the governments of the overseas territories with indigenous populations all retain a representative office in London. The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Overseas_Territories_Association" title="United Kingdom Overseas Territories Association">United Kingdom Overseas Territories Association</a> (UKOTA) also represents the interests of the territories in London. The governments in both London and territories occasionally meet to mitigate or resolve disagreements over the process of governance in the territories and levels of autonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Britain provides financial assistance to the overseas territories via the FCDO (previously the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_International_Development" title="Department for International Development">Department for International Development</a>). As of 2019, only Montserrat, Saint Helena, Pitcairn and Tristan da Cunha receive budgetary aid (i.e. financial contribution to recurrent funding).<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several specialist funds are made available by the UK, including: </p> <ul><li>The Good Government Fund which provides assistance on government administration;</li> <li>The Economic Diversification Programme Budget which aim to diversify and enhance the economic bases of the territories.</li></ul> <p>The territories have no official representation in the UK Parliament, but have informal representation through the <a href="/wiki/All-party_parliamentary_group" title="All-party parliamentary group">all-party parliamentary group</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and can <a href="/wiki/Epetition" class="mw-redirect" title="Epetition">petition</a> the UK government through the <a href="/wiki/Directgov" title="Directgov">Directgov</a> e-Petitions website.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two national parties, <a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a>, have endorsed calls for direct representation of overseas territories in the UK Parliament, as well as backbench members of the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chief Minister has argued that all British citizens in overseas territories should have the right to vote in UK parliamentary elections. </p><p>On 29 January 2024, the Chief Minister of Gibraltar, Fabian Picardo, addressed the House of Commons Committee on territorial constitution, looking at the relationship between the UK Parliament and the territories. He said that the UK Government's new "Votes for Life" policy mean all Gibraltarians who have previously lived in the UK, for example as students, can now register to vote in its general elections - regardless of how long ago they lived there. However, Fabian Picardo highlighted that, overall, there is no formal mechanism to ensure Gibraltar's interests are represented under the constituency system - just the voluntary interest of individual MPs, such as those in the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Gibraltar. The Chief Minister acknowledged the difficulty of finding a system to accommodate Westminster representation and OT's self-governance - but said that the "Pandora's Box" of devolution had opened a window to how this could be addressed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_affairs">Foreign affairs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Foreign affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg/220px-BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg/330px-BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg/440px-BritishAntarcticTerritory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the portion of <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> claimed by the UK as <a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg/220px-Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg/330px-Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg/440px-Gibraltar_aerial_view_looking_northwest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption>Gibraltar was the only overseas territory included in the European Union.</figcaption></figure> <p>Foreign affairs of the overseas territories are handled by the FCDO in London. Some territories maintain diplomatic officers in nearby countries for trade and immigration purposes. Several of the territories in the Americas maintain membership within the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Development_Bank" title="Caribbean Development Bank">Caribbean Development Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Disaster_Emergency_Management_Agency" title="Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency">Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">Association of Caribbean States</a>. The territories are members of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a> through the United Kingdom. The inhabited territories compete in their own right at the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Games" title="Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a>, and three of the territories (<a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a>) sent teams to the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a>. </p><p>Although the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> are also under the <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarch">British monarch</a>, they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realms</a>, a group of 15 independent countries (including the United Kingdom) sharing <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> as <a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">monarch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>, and from the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>, a voluntary association of 56 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire (which also includes all Commonwealth realms). Notably, while not independent Commonwealth realms, the territories are separately represented at the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Games" title="Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a> on the same basis as independent nation members, as are the three Crown Dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and Isle of Man. </p><p>Full <a href="/wiki/British_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="British citizenship">British citizenship</a><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has been granted to most 'belongers' of overseas territories (mainly since the <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories_Act_2002" title="British Overseas Territories Act 2002">British Overseas Territories Act 2002</a>). </p><p>Most countries do not recognise the sovereignty claims of any other country, including Britain's, to Antarctica and its off-shore islands. Five nations contest, with counter-claims, the UK's sovereignty in the following overseas territories: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a> – territory overlaps Antarctic claims made by Chile and Argentina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> – claimed by <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> – claimed by Argentina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> – claimed by Spain</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a> – claimed by Argentina</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citizenship">Citizenship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Citizenship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories_citizen" title="British Overseas Territories citizen">British Overseas Territories citizen</a></div> <p>The people of the British Overseas Territories are British Nationals. Most of the overseas territories distinguish between those British nationals who have rights reserved under the local government for those with a qualifying connection to the territory. In Bermuda, by example, this is called <i>Bermudian status</i>, and can be inherited or obtained subject to conditions laid down by the local government (non-British nationals must necessarily obtain British nationality in order to obtain Bermudian status). Although the expression "belonger status" is not used in Bermuda, it is used elsewhere in Wikipedia to refer to all such statuses of various of the British Overseas Territories collectively. This status is neither a nationality nor a citizenship, although it confers rights under local legislation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Prior to 1968, the British government made no citizenship (or connected rights) distinction between its nationals in the United Kingdom and those in the British colonies (as the British Overseas Territories were then termed). Indeed, the people of Bermuda had been explicitly guaranteed by Royal Charters for the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Company" title="Virginia Company">Virginia Company</a> in 1607 (extended to Bermuda in 1612) and the <a href="/wiki/Somers_Isles_Company" title="Somers Isles Company">Somers Isles Company</a> (in 1615) that they and their descendants would have exactly the same rights as they would if they had they been born in England. Despite this, British Colonials without a qualifying connection to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> were stripped of the rights of abode and free entry in 1968, and, in 1983, the British government replaced <a href="/wiki/British_subject#Transition_to_Commonwealth_citizenship" title="British subject">Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies</a> with <a href="/wiki/British_Citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="British Citizenship">British Citizenship</a> (with rights of abode and free entry to the United Kingdom) for those with a qualifying connection to the United Kingdom or <i>British Dependent Territories Citizenship</i> for those with a connection only to a colony, at the same time re-designated a <i>British Dependent Territory</i>. This category of citizenship was distinguished from British Citizenship by what it did not include — the rights of abode and free entry to the United Kingdom — and was not specific to any colony but to all collectively, except for Gibraltar and the Falklands Islands, the people of which retained <i>British Citizenship</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It was stated by some Conservative Party backbench MPs<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (October 2021)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> that the secret intent of the Conservative government was to restore a single citizenship, with full rights across the United Kingdom and the British Dependent Territories, once Hong Kong and its British Dependent Territories Citizens had been returned to the People's Republic of China in 1997. By that time, the Labour Party was in government with <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> as Prime Minister. Labour had decried discrimination against the people of the British Dependent Territories (other than those of Gibraltar and the Falklands), which was understood universally as intended to raise a colour bar and had done so given that most white colonials were not affected by it and had made restoration of a single citizenship part of its election manifesto.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2002, when the British Dependent Territories became the <i>British Overseas Territories</i>, the default citizenship was renamed <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories_citizen" title="British Overseas Territories citizen">British Overseas Territories Citizenship</a> (except still for Gibraltar and the Falkland Islands, for which British Citizenship remained the default), the immigration bars against its holders were lowered, and its holders were also entitled to obtain British Citizenship by obtaining a second British Passport (something that had previously been illegal) with the citizenship so indicated. As British Overseas Territories Citizens must provide their British Passport with the citizenship shown as British Overseas Territories Citizen in order to prove their entitlement to obtain a passport with the citizenship shown as <i>British Citizen</i>, most now have two passports, although the local governments of the territories do not distinguish an individual's local status based on either form of citizenship, and the passport with the citizenship shown as <i>British Citizen</i> consequently shows the holder to be entitled to all of the same right as does the passport with the citizenship shown as <i>British Overseas Territories Citizen</i>, and is often required to access services in the United Kingdom, and is accepted by the immigration authorities of more foreign countries, many of which have barriers against holders of <i>British Overseas Territories Citizen</i> passport holders that do not apply to <i>British Citizen</i> passport holders (the exception being the United States in relation to Bermuda, with which it has retained close links since Bermuda was founded as an extension of Virginia). </p><p>In regard to movement within British sovereign territory, only British citizenship grants the right of abode in a specific country or territory, namely, the United Kingdom proper (which includes its three <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a>). Individual overseas territories have legislative independence over immigration, and consequently, BOTC status, as noted above, does not automatically grant the right of abode in any of the territories, as it depends on the territory's immigration laws. A territory may issue <a href="/wiki/Belonger_status" title="Belonger status">belonger status</a> to allow a person to reside in the territory that they have close links with. The governor or immigration department of a territory may also grant the territorial status to a resident who does not hold it as a birthright. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gibraltar_National_Day_011_(9719769048)_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gibraltar_National_Day_011_%289719769048%29_%283%29.jpg/220px-Gibraltar_National_Day_011_%289719769048%29_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gibraltar_National_Day_011_%289719769048%29_%283%29.jpg/330px-Gibraltar_National_Day_011_%289719769048%29_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gibraltar_National_Day_011_%289719769048%29_%283%29.jpg/440px-Gibraltar_National_Day_011_%289719769048%29_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="1310" /></a><figcaption>Thousands of <a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibraltarian people">Gibraltarians</a> dress in their national colours of red and white during the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_National_Day" title="Gibraltar National Day">Gibraltar National Day</a> celebrations. Gibraltarians were the only group of overseas territories residents who could apply for full British citizenship without restrictions before 2002.</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1949 to 1983, the nationality status of <a href="/wiki/British_subject#Transition_to_Commonwealth_citizenship" title="British subject">Citizenship of UK and Colonies</a> (CUKC) was shared by residents of the UK proper and residents of overseas territories, although most residents of overseas territories lost their automatic right to live in the UK after the ratification of <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Immigrants_Act_1968" title="Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968">Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968</a> that year unless they were born in the UK proper or had a parent or a grandparent born in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1983, CUKC status of residents of overseas territories without the right of abode in the UK was replaced by British Dependent Territories citizenship (BDTC) in the newly minted <a href="/wiki/British_Nationality_Act_1981" title="British Nationality Act 1981">British Nationality Act 1981</a>, a status that does not come with it the right of abode in the UK or any overseas territory. For these residents, registration as full British citizens then required physical residence in the UK proper. There were only two exceptions: Falkland Islanders, who were automatically granted British citizenship, and with the Falkland Islands treated as a part of the UK proper through the enactment of <a href="/wiki/British_Nationality_(Falkland_Islands)_Act_1983" title="British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983">British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983</a> due to the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> with Argentina; and Gibraltarians, who were given the special entitlement to be registered as British citizens upon request without further conditions because of its individual membership in the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Five years after the <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Hong_Kong" title="Handover of Hong Kong">handover of Hong Kong</a> to China in 1997, the British government amended the 1981 Act to give British citizenship without restrictions to all BDTCs (the status was also renamed BOTC at the same time) except for those solely connected with <a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a> (whose residents already held <a href="/wiki/Cypriot_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypriot citizenship">Cypriot citizenship</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This restored the right of abode in the UK to residents of overseas territories after a 34-year hiatus from 1968 to 2002. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg/220px-Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg/330px-Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg/440px-Mount_Pleasant_Airport_-_Donald_Morrison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/RAF_Mount_Pleasant" title="RAF Mount Pleasant">RAF Mount Pleasant</a>, Falkland Islands</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg/220px-Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg/330px-Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg/440px-Colour_party_of_the_Royal_Bermuda_Regiment_at_Queen%27s_Birthday_Parade_in_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1437" /></a><figcaption>Colour party of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bermuda_Regiment" title="Royal Bermuda Regiment">Royal Bermuda Regiment</a> at Queen's Birthday Parade in 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>Defence of the overseas territories is the responsibility of the United Kingdom. Many of the overseas territories are used as military bases by the United Kingdom- and its allies: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> (part of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a>) – the base known as <a href="/wiki/RAF_Ascension_Island" title="RAF Ascension Island">RAF Ascension Island</a> is used by both the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> – became the primary <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> base in North America, following US independence, and designated an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_fortress" title="Imperial fortress">Imperial fortress</a>. The naval establishment included an admiralty, a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Naval_Dockyard,_Bermuda" title="Royal Naval Dockyard, Bermuda">dockyard</a>, and a naval squadron. A considerable <a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Garrison" title="Bermuda Garrison">military garrison</a> was built up to protect it, and Bermuda, which the British government came to see as a base, rather than as a colony, was known as <i>Fortress Bermuda</i>, and the <i>Gibraltar of the West</i> (Bermudians, like Gibraltarians, also dub their territory "The Rock").<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canada and the United States also established bases in Bermuda during the Second World War, which were maintained through the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. Four air bases were located in Bermuda during the Second World War (operated by the Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a>). Since 1995, the <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Bermuda" title="Military of Bermuda">naval and military force in Bermuda</a> has been reduced to the local <a href="/wiki/Army_Reserve_(United_Kingdom)" title="Army Reserve (United Kingdom)">territorial</a> battalion, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bermuda_Regiment" title="Royal Bermuda Regiment">Royal Bermuda Regiment</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> – the island of <a href="/wiki/Diego_Garcia" title="Diego Garcia">Diego Garcia</a> is home to a large naval base and airbase leased to the United States by the United Kingdom until 2036 (unless renewed). There are British forces in small numbers in the BIOT for administrative and immigration purposes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> – the <a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="British Forces Falkland Islands">British Forces Falkland Islands</a> includes commitments from the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_Defence_Force" title="Falkland Islands Defence Force">Falkland Islands Defence Force</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> – Historically designated (along with Bermuda, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax, Nova Scotia</a>) as an Imperial fortress. <a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Gibraltar" title="British Forces Gibraltar">British Forces Gibraltar</a> included a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy_Dockyard" title="Royal Navy Dockyard">Royal Navy Dockyard</a>, HM Dockyard, Gibraltar, now <a href="/wiki/Gibdock" title="Gibdock">Gibdock</a> (also used by the Royal Navy), <a href="/wiki/RAF_Gibraltar" title="RAF Gibraltar">RAF Gibraltar</a> – used by the RAF and NATO and a local infantry garrison – the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Regiment" title="Royal Gibraltar Regiment">Royal Gibraltar Regiment</a>, which is part of the British Army. Spain, even though a member of NATO itself, has banned all visits to Gibraltar by non-UK craft. Even RAF UK fighter aircraft are banned and only transport planes permitted.</li> <li>The Sovereign Base Areas of <a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a> in Cyprus – maintained as strategic British military bases in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Montserrat_Defence_Force" title="Royal Montserrat Defence Force">Royal Montserrat Defence Force</a>, historically connected with the Irish Guards, is a body of twenty volunteers, whose duties are primarily ceremonial.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Regiment" title="Cayman Islands Regiment">Cayman Islands Regiment</a> is the home defence unit of the Cayman Islands. It is a single territorial infantry battalion of the British Armed Forces that was formed in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks and Caicos">Turks and Caicos</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands_Regiment" title="Turks and Caicos Islands Regiment">Turks and Caicos Islands Regiment</a> is the home defence unit of the British Overseas Territory of the Turks and Caicos Islands. It is a single territorial infantry battalion of the British Armed Forces that was formed in 2020, similar to the Cayman Regiment.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="City_status_and_cities">City status and cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: City status and cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/British_overseas_cities" title="British overseas cities">British overseas cities</a></div> <p>As overseas territories were added to the land conquered by the British, a number of towns and villages began to request formal recognition to validate their importance, and would be accorded a status if deemed to be deserving such as a <a href="/wiki/Borough" title="Borough">borough</a> or as a more prestigious <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom#Crown_colonies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="City status in the United Kingdom">city</a> by the monarch. Many cities were designated over several centuries, and as <a href="/wiki/Historical_development_of_Church_of_England_dioceses#Colonial_dioceses" title="Historical development of Church of England dioceses">Anglican dioceses</a> began to be created internationally from the 18th century, the process of city creation became aligned to that used in England, being linked to the presence of a <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a>. Later on, this process became untenable and other selection criteria and royal occasions were used instead. However, mainly from the 20th century onwards, increasing levels of states becoming fully independent caused the numbers of remaining cities to reduce substantially.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the second <a href="/wiki/Millennium" title="Millennium">Millennium</a>, competitions have been arranged by the UK government to grant city status to settlements. In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Platinum_Jubilee_Civic_Honours" title="Platinum Jubilee Civic Honours">submissions for city status</a> were invited to mark the <a href="/wiki/Platinum_Jubilee_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II">Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II</a>, with Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories being allowed to take part for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Overseas Territories, the applicants were George Town (in the Cayman Islands), Gibraltar and Stanley (in the Falkland Islands).<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later discovered that Gibraltar had been previously named a city, researchers at <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a> confirming that Gibraltar's city status was still in effect, with the territory missing from the official list of cities for the past 140 years.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stanley was later granted the honour, and alongside <a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Bermuda" title="Hamilton, Bermuda">Hamilton, Bermuda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_St_Helena" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamestown, St Helena">Jamestown, St Helena</a>, making a present total of four cities.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg/220px-Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg/330px-Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg/440px-Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands-113070.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cliff" title="Cliff">Cliffs</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gough_Island" title="Gough Island">Gough Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inaccessible_Island" title="Inaccessible Island">Inaccessible Island</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Most of the languages other than English spoken in the territories contain a large degree of English, either as a root language, or in <a href="/wiki/Code-switching" title="Code-switching">code-switching</a>, e.g. Yanito. They include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yanito" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanito">Yanito</a> (English and Spanish) or Spanish, Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi (<a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_English" title="Cayman Islands English">Cayman Islands English</a> or Cayman Creole (<a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Creole" title="Turks and Caicos Creole">Turks and Caicos Creole</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitkern" title="Pitkern">Pitkern</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> (<a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a>)</li></ul> <p>Forms of English: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermudian_English" title="Bermudian English">Bermudian English</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_English" title="Falkland Islands English">Falkland Islands English</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Currencies">Currencies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Currencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_currencies" title="List of British currencies">List of British currencies</a></div> <p>The 14 British overseas territories use a varied assortment of currencies, including the Euro, British pound, United States dollar, New Zealand dollar, or their own currencies, which may be pegged to one of these. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Location</th> <th>Currency</th> <th>Issuing authority </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Akrotiri and Dhekelia</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>British Antarctic Territory</li> <li>Tristan da Cunha<sup id="cite_ref-part_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-part-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound sterling</a> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_England" title="Bank of England">Bank of England</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Falkland Islands</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands_pound" title="Falkland Islands pound">Falkland Islands pound</a> <small>(parity with pound sterling)<br /> Pound sterling (widely circulated and accepted universally)=<sup id="cite_ref-Falklands_tourist_board_report_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falklands_tourist_board_report-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> Euro (accepted unofficially in most establishments)<sup id="cite_ref-Falklands_tourist_board_report_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falklands_tourist_board_report-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> United States dollar (accepted unofficially in most establishments)<sup id="cite_ref-Falklands_tourist_board_report_100-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falklands_tourist_board_report-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Falkland Islands">Government of the Falkland Islands</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Gibraltar</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_pound" title="Gibraltar pound">Gibraltar pound</a> <small>(parity with pound sterling)<br /> Pound sterling (widely circulated and accepted universally)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br /> Euro (accepted unofficially in most establishments)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Gibraltar" title="Government of Gibraltar">Government of Gibraltar</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Saint Helena and Ascension Island<sup id="cite_ref-part_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-part-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena_pound" title="Saint Helena pound">Saint Helena pound</a> <small>(parity with pound sterling)<br /> United States dollar (accepted unofficially on Ascension Island)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saint_Helena" title="Politics of Saint Helena">Government of Saint Helena</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>British Virgin Islands</li> <li>Turks and Caicos Islands</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States dollar</a><br /> <small><a href="/wiki/Bahamian_dollar" title="Bahamian dollar">Bahamian dollar</a> (accepted unofficially in the Turks and Caicos Islands)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/US_Federal_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="US Federal Reserve">US Federal Reserve</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Anguilla</li> <li>Montserrat</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_dollar" title="Eastern Caribbean dollar">Eastern Caribbean dollar</a> <small>(pegged to US dollar at 2.7ECD=1USD)</small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Central_Bank" title="Eastern Caribbean Central Bank">Eastern Caribbean Central Bank</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Bermuda</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Bermudian_dollar" title="Bermudian dollar">Bermudian dollar</a> <small>(parity with US dollar)<br /> United States dollar (widely circulated and accepted universally)<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Monetary_Authority" title="Bermuda Monetary Authority">Bermuda Monetary Authority</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Cayman Islands</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_dollar" title="Cayman Islands dollar">Cayman Islands dollar</a> <small>(pegged to US dollar at 1KYD=1.2USD)</small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Monetary_Authority" title="Cayman Islands Monetary Authority">Cayman Islands Monetary Authority</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Pitcairn Islands</li></ul> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_dollar" title="New Zealand dollar">New Zealand dollar</a><br /> <small>United States dollar (accepted unofficially)<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound sterling</a> is also accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands_dollar" title="Pitcairn Islands dollar">Pitcairn Islands dollar</a> (parity with New Zealand dollar; commemorative issue only)</small> </p> </td> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_New_Zealand" title="Reserve Bank of New Zealand">Reserve Bank of New Zealand</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>British Indian Ocean Territory</li></ul> </td> <td> <p>United States dollar <small>(<i>de facto</i>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> Pound sterling <small>(<i>de jure</i>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td> <p>US Federal Reserve<br /> Bank of England </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbols_and_insignia">Symbols and insignia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Symbols and insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Overseas_Territories_flags_(8958664223).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Overseas_Territories_flags_%288958664223%29.jpg/220px-Overseas_Territories_flags_%288958664223%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Overseas_Territories_flags_%288958664223%29.jpg/330px-Overseas_Territories_flags_%288958664223%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Overseas_Territories_flags_%288958664223%29.jpg/440px-Overseas_Territories_flags_%288958664223%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="1424" /></a><figcaption>Overseas Territories flags in Parliament Square in 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>Each overseas territory has been granted its own flag and coat of arms by the British monarch. Traditionally, the flags follow the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ensign" title="Blue Ensign">Blue Ensign</a> design, with the <a href="/wiki/Union_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Flag">Union Flag</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Canton_(flag)" title="Canton (flag)">canton</a>, and the territory's coat of arms in the fly. Exceptions to this are Bermuda which uses a <a href="/wiki/Red_Ensign" title="Red Ensign">Red Ensign</a>; British Antarctic Territory which uses a <a href="/wiki/White_Ensign" title="White Ensign">White Ensign</a>, but without the overall cross of St. George; British Indian Ocean Territory which uses a Blue Ensign with wavy lines to symbolise the sea; and Gibraltar which uses a banner of its <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar" title="Coat of arms of Gibraltar">coat of arms</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Gibraltar" title="Flag of Gibraltar">flag of the city of Gibraltar</a>). </p><p>Akrotiri and Dhekelia and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> are the only British Overseas Territories without their own flag, although <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> have their own individual flags. Only the Union Flag, which is the national flag in all the territories, is used in these territories. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, the <a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> are the only British Overseas Territories with recognised <a href="/wiki/National_Olympic_Committee" title="National Olympic Committee">National Olympic Committees</a> (NOCs); the <a href="/wiki/British_Olympic_Association" title="British Olympic Association">British Olympic Association</a> is recognised as the appropriate NOC for athletes from the other territories, and thus athletes who hold a British passport are eligible to represent Great Britain at the Olympic Games.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Shara_Proctor" title="Shara Proctor">Shara Proctor</a> from <a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delano_Williams" title="Delano Williams">Delano Williams</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jenaya_Wade-Fray" title="Jenaya Wade-Fray">Jenaya Wade-Fray</a> from Bermuda<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Georgina_Cassar" title="Georgina Cassar">Georgina Cassar</a> from <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> strove to represent <a href="/wiki/Team_GB" title="Team GB">Team GB</a> at the <a href="/wiki/London_2012_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="London 2012 Olympics">London 2012 Olympics</a>. Proctor, Wade-Fray and Cassar qualified for Team GB, with Williams missing the cut, however wishing to represent the UK in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_national_football_team" title="Gibraltar national football team">Gibraltar national football team</a> was accepted into <a href="/wiki/UEFA" title="UEFA">UEFA</a> in 2013 in time for the 2016 European Championships. It has been accepted by <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a> and went into the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying, where they achieved 0 points. </p><p>Gibraltar has hosted and competed in the <a href="/wiki/Island_Games" title="Island Games">Island Games</a>, most recently in 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biodiversity">Biodiversity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Biodiversity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg/500px-BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="511" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg/750px-BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg/1000px-BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="552" usemap="#ImageMap_cd517f9917cfc1c5" resource="/wiki/File:BOT_World_Heritage_Sites_Map.svg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_cd517f9917cfc1c5"><area href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site:_Historic_Town_of_St_George_and_Related_Fortifications,_Bermuda" shape="rect" coords="224,158,367,217" alt="Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications, Bermuda" title="Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications, Bermuda" /><area href="/wiki/Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands" shape="rect" coords="366,349,487,412" alt="Gough and Inaccessible Islands" title="Gough and Inaccessible Islands" /><area href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" shape="rect" coords="35,305,170,341" alt="Henderson Island" title="Henderson Island" /><area href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" shape="rect" coords="267,120,408,156" alt="Gorham's Cave" title="Gorham's Cave" /></map><figcaption>The World Heritage Sites of the UK (Overseas Territories): The natural sites of <a href="/wiki/Gough_and_Inaccessible_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Gough and Inaccessible Islands">Gough and Inaccessible Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" title="Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands)">Henderson Island</a> are marked green, the cultural sites of the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site:_Historic_Town_of_St_George_and_Related_Fortifications,_Bermuda" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site: Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications, Bermuda">Historic Town of St George and Related Fortifications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kourion" title="Kourion">Kourion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's Cave</a> are marked red.</figcaption></figure> <p>The British Overseas Territories have more biodiversity than the entire UK mainland.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are at least 180 <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic plant species</a> in the overseas territories as opposed to only 12 on the UK mainland. Responsibility for protection of biodiversity and meeting obligations under international environmental conventions is shared between the UK Government and the local governments of the territories.<sup id="cite_ref-kew.org_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kew.org-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two areas, <a href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" title="Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands)">Henderson Island</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a> as well as the islands of <a href="/wiki/Gough_Island" title="Gough Island">Gough</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inaccessible" class="mw-redirect" title="Inaccessible">Inaccessible</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> are listed as UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a>, and two other territories, the <a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a>, are on the United Kingdom's tentative list for future <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> World Heritage Sites.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gibraltar's <a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's Cave</a> Complex is also found on the UK's tentative UNESCO World Heritage Site list.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The three regions of biodiversity hotspots situated in the British Overseas Territories are the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> Islands, the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean Basin</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Oceania_ecozone" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceania ecozone">Oceania ecozone</a> in the Pacific.<sup id="cite_ref-kew.org_113-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kew.org-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UK created the largest continuous <a href="/wiki/Marine_protected_area" title="Marine protected area">marine protected areas</a> in the world, the <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Marine_Protected_Area" title="Chagos Marine Protected Area">Chagos Marine Protected Area</a>, and announced in 2015 funding to establish a new, larger, reserve around the Pitcairn Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2016, the UK government announced the intention to create a marine protected area around <a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a>. The protected area would be 234,291 square kilometres (90,460 sq mi), half of which would be closed to fishing.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Stoplight parrotfish in Princess Alexandra Land and Sea National Park, Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands"><img alt="A Stoplight parrotfish in Princess Alexandra Land and Sea National Park, Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg/200px-Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg/300px-Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg/400px-Stoplight_Parrotfish.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3628" data-file-height="2721" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Stoplight_parrotfish" title="Stoplight parrotfish">Stoplight parrotfish</a> in Princess Alexandra Land and Sea National Park, <a href="/wiki/Providenciales" title="Providenciales">Providenciales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Penguins in South Georgia, 2010"><img alt="Penguins in South Georgia, 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg/200px-South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg/300px-South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg/400px-South_Georgia_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="775" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Penguin" title="Penguin">Penguins</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Georgia" title="South Georgia">South Georgia</a>, 2010</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henderson.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Henderson Island in the Pitcairn Islands"><img alt="Henderson Island in the Pitcairn Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Henderson.JPG/200px-Henderson.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Henderson.JPG/300px-Henderson.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Henderson.JPG/400px-Henderson.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" title="Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands)">Henderson Island</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rothera_from_reptile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rothera Research Station"><img alt="Rothera Research Station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Rothera_from_reptile.jpg/200px-Rothera_from_reptile.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Rothera_from_reptile.jpg/300px-Rothera_from_reptile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Rothera_from_reptile.jpg/400px-Rothera_from_reptile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rothera_Research_Station" title="Rothera Research Station">Rothera Research Station</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_microstates" title="European microstates">European microstates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories_citizens_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="British Overseas Territories citizens in the United Kingdom">British Overseas Territories citizens in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membership_of_British_Overseas_Territories_and_Crown_Dependencies_in_international_organisations" title="Membership of British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies in international organisations">Membership of British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies in international organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Department_(United_Kingdom)" title="War Department (United Kingdom)">War Department (United Kingdom)</a> (Colonial Department)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_Army_installations" title="List of British Army installations">List of British Army installations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stock_exchanges_in_the_United_Kingdom,_the_British_Crown_Dependencies_and_United_Kingdom_Overseas_Territories" title="List of stock exchanges in the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies and United Kingdom Overseas Territories">List of stock exchanges in the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies and United Kingdom Overseas Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">List of universities in the United Kingdom#Universities in British Overseas Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom#Overseas_territories" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcodes in the United Kingdom#Overseas territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Colonies" title="Secretary of State for the Colonies">Secretary of State for the Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_haven#Tax_haven_lists" title="Tax haven">Tax haven#Tax haven lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Overseas_Territories_Conservation_Forum" title="UK Overseas Territories Conservation Forum">UK Overseas Territories Conservation Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_France" title="Overseas France">Overseas France</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Excluding <a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-part-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-part_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-part_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/protecting-and-developing-the-overseas-territories">"Supporting the Overseas Territories"</a>. UK Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006161120/https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/protecting-and-developing-the-overseas-territories">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2014</span>. <q>There are 14 Overseas Territories which retain a constitutional link with the UK. .... Most of the Territories are largely self-governing each with its own constitution and its own government, which enacts local laws. Although the relationship is rooted in four centuries of shared history, the UK government's relationship with its Territories today is a modern one, based on mutual benefits and responsibilities. The foundations of this relationship are partnership, shared values and the right of the people of each territory to choose to freely choose whether to remain a British Overseas Territory or to seek an alternative future.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Supporting+the+Overseas+Territories&rft.pub=UK+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpolicies%2Fprotecting-and-developing-the-overseas-territories&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomsburyprofessional.com/uk/british-overseas-territories-law-9781509918713/">"British Overseas Territories Law"</a>. <i>Hart Publishing</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200621105455/https://www.bloomsburyprofessional.com/uk/british-overseas-territories-law-9781509918713/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2020</span>. <q>Most, if not all, of these territories are likely to remain British for the foreseeable future, and many have agreed modern constitutional arrangements with the British Government.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hart+Publishing&rft.atitle=British+Overseas+Territories+Law&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomsburyprofessional.com%2Fuk%2Fbritish-overseas-territories-law-9781509918713%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/946074/UKOTs_Information_Paper.pdf">"United Kingdom Overseas Territories – Toponymic Information"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Present_Committee_on_Geographic_Names&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Present Committee on Geographic Names (page does not exist)">Present Committee on Geographic Names</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220511152307/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/946074/UKOTs_Information_Paper.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 11 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Kingdom+Overseas+Territories+%E2%80%93+Toponymic+Information&rft.pub=Present+Committee+on+Geographic+Names&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F946074%2FUKOTs_Information_Paper.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span> – Hosted on the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government of the United Kingdom</a> website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-9708">"Representing the Overseas Territories in the UK Parliament and Government"</a>. <i>UK Parliament (House of Commons Library)</i>. UK Government. 7 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2024</span>. <q>All the Territories have a UK-appointed Governor, who generally holds responsibility for managing the Territory's external affairs, defence and internal security like the police, and often the power to make or veto laws.......As a matter of constitutional law, the UK Parliament has unlimited power to legislate for the Territories. However, passing legislation for the Territories is rare.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Parliament+%28House+of+Commons+Library%29&rft.atitle=Representing+the+Overseas+Territories+in+the+UK+Parliament+and+Government&rft.date=2023-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommonslibrary.parliament.uk%2Fresearch-briefings%2Fcbp-9708&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard2009" class="citation news cs1">Leonard, Tom (11 June 2009). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/bermuda/5507926/British-anger-over-Bermuda-decision-to-take-Guantanamo-detainees.html">"British anger over Bermuda decision to take Guantanamo detainees"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/bermuda/5507926/British-anger-over-Bermuda-decision-to-take-Guantanamo-detainees.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2017</span>. <q>We've underlined to the Bermuda Government that they should have consulted with the United Kingdom as to whether this falls within their competence or is a security issue, for which the Bermuda Government do not have delegated responsibility. We have made clear to the Bermuda Government the need for a security assessment, which we are now helping them to carry out, and we will decide on further steps as appropriate.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=British+anger+over+Bermuda+decision+to+take+Guantanamo+detainees&rft.date=2009-06-11&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fcentralamericaandthecaribbean%2Fbermuda%2F5507926%2FBritish-anger-over-Bermuda-decision-to-take-Guantanamo-detainees.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006173801/http://www.consoc.org.uk/other-content/about-us/discover-the-facts/what-is-the-british-constitution/in-detail/">"What is the British Constitution: The Primary Structures of the British State"</a>. The Constitution Society. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consoc.org.uk/other-content/about-us/discover-the-facts/what-is-the-british-constitution/in-detail/">the original</a> on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2014</span>. <q>The United Kingdom also manages a number of territories which, while mostly having their own forms of government, have the Queen as their head of state, and rely on the UK for defence and security, foreign affairs and representation at the international level. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2023</span>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The laws applicable to the Cypriot population of the Sovereign Base Areas will be as far as possible the same as the laws of the Republic".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=peacemaker.un.org&rft.atitle=United+Kingdom+of+Great+Britain+and+Northern+Ireland%2C+Greece+and+Turkey+and+Cyprus&rft.pages=78&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeacemaker.un.org%2Fsites%2Fpeacemaker.un.org%2Ffiles%2FCY_600816_TreatyNicosia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.falklands.gov.fk/assembly/">"Falkland Islands Legislative Assembly"</a>. 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Page 23"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121031034047/http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm83/8374/8374.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 31 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UK+Government+White+Paper+on+Overseas+Territories%2C+June%2C+2012.+Page+23.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.official-documents.gov.uk%2Fdocument%2Fcm83%2F8374%2F8374.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment" class="citation web cs1">Government, Cayman Islands. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.exploregov.ky/ciregiment">"Cayman Islands Regiment"</a>. <i>www.exploregov.ky</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727042841/https://www.exploregov.ky/ciregiment">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.exploregov.ky&rft.atitle=Cayman+Islands+Regiment&rft.aulast=Government&rft.aufirst=Cayman+Islands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.exploregov.ky%2Fciregiment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tcweeklynews.com/tci-regiment-gets-its-first-commanding-officer-p10693-127.htm">"TCI Regiment gets its first commanding officer"</a>. <i>tcweeklynews.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200822163703/https://tcweeklynews.com/tci-regiment-gets-its-first-commanding-officer-p10693-127.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tcweeklynews.com&rft.atitle=TCI+Regiment+gets+its+first+commanding+officer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftcweeklynews.com%2Ftci-regiment-gets-its-first-commanding-officer-p10693-127.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckett2005" class="citation book cs1">Beckett, J.V. (2005). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7546-5067-7"><i>City status in the British Isles, 1830–2002</i></a>. Historical urban studies. Aldershot, UK / Burlington, VT: Ashgate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-5067-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-5067-6"><bdi>978-0-7546-5067-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=City+status+in+the+British+Isles%2C+1830%E2%80%932002&rft.place=Aldershot%2C+UK+%2F+Burlington%2C+VT&rft.series=Historical+urban+studies&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-5067-6&rft.aulast=Beckett&rft.aufirst=J.V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpecial%3ABookSources%2F0-7546-5067-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/platinum-jubilee-civic-honours-competition">"Platinum Jubilee Civic Honours Competition"</a>. <i>gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gov.uk&rft.atitle=Platinum+Jubilee+Civic+Honours+Competition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Fplatinum-jubilee-civic-honours-competition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/full-list-of-places-aiming-to-become-jubilee-cities-revealed">"Full list of places aiming to become Jubilee cities revealed"</a>. <i>gov.uk</i>. 4 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gov.uk&rft.atitle=Full+list+of+places+aiming+to+become+Jubilee+cities+revealed&rft.date=2022-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Ffull-list-of-places-aiming-to-become-jubilee-cities-revealed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-re-affirms-city-status-of-gibraltar">"Government re-affirms city status of Gibraltar"</a>. <i>gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gov.uk&rft.atitle=Government+re-affirms+city+status+of+Gibraltar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fgovernment-re-affirms-city-status-of-gibraltar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/list-of-cities/list-of-cities-html">"List of cities (HTML)"</a>. <i>gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQs&rft.au=Falklands+Islands+Tourist+Board&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.falklandislands.com%2Fplan-your-trip%2Fvisitor-information%2Ffaqs%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Falkland%2520Island%2520pound%2520is%2Cbut%2520check%2520before%2520you%2520buy.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gotobermuda.com/inspiration/article/bermuda-travel-basics-tips">"Planning Your Perfect Trip to Bermuda"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demtullpitcairn.com/2016JanFebMarch.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.demtullpitcairn.com&rft.atitle=demtullpitcairn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.demtullpitcairn.com%2F2016JanFebMarch.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Asia and Pacific Review 2003/04 p.245 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1862170398" title="Special:BookSources/1862170398">1862170398</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100610203832/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory?profile=all">"Country Profile: British Indian Ocean Territory (British Overseas Territory)"</a>. <i>Foreign & Commonwealth Office</i>. 14 January 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory?profile=all">the original</a> on 10 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+%26+Commonwealth+Office&rft.atitle=Country+Profile%3A+British+Indian+Ocean+Territory+%28British+Overseas+Territory%29&rft.date=2010-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fco.gov.uk%2Fen%2Ftravel-and-living-abroad%2Ftravel-advice-by-country%2Fcountry-profile%2Fasia-oceania%2Fbritish-indian-ocean-territory%3Fprofile%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/">"South Asia :: British Indian Ocean Territory — The World Factbook"</a>. <i>Central Intelligence Agency</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117034125/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.atitle=South+Asia+%3A%3A+British+Indian+Ocean+Territory+%E2%80%94+The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fbritish-indian-ocean-territory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160722010720/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/asia/british-indian-ocean-territory/currency-british-indian-ocean-territory/index.htm/">"British Indian Ocean Territory Currency"</a>. Greenwich Mean Time. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/asia/british-indian-ocean-territory/currency-british-indian-ocean-territory/index.htm">the original</a> on 22 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Indian+Ocean+Territory+Currency&rft.pub=Greenwich+Mean+Time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwp.greenwichmeantime.com%2Ftime-zone%2Fasia%2Fbritish-indian-ocean-territory%2Fcurrency-british-indian-ocean-territory%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commemorative UK Pounds and Stamps issued in GBP have been issued. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ascension+Island+to+become+marine+reserve&rft.date=2016-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-35216313&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Charles Cawley. <i>Colonies in Conflict: The History of the British Overseas Territories</i> (2015) 444pp.</li> <li>Harry Ritchie, <i>The Last Pink Bits: Travels Through the Remnants of the British Empire</i> (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1997).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Winchester" title="Simon Winchester">Simon Winchester</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Outposts:_Journeys_to_the_Surviving_Relics_of_the_British_Empire" title="Outposts: Journeys to the Surviving Relics of the British Empire">Outposts: Journeys to the Surviving Relics of the British Empire</a></i> (London & New York, 1985).</li> <li>George Drower, <i>Britain's Dependent Territories</i> (Dartmouth, 1992).</li> <li>George Drower, <i>Overseas Territories Handbook</i> (London: TSO, 1998).</li> <li>Ian Hendry and Susan Dickson, "British Overseas Territories Law" (London: Hart Publishing, 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Fogle" title="Ben Fogle">Ben Fogle</a>, <i>The Teatime Islands: Adventures in Britain's Faraway Outposts</i> (London: Michael Joseph, 2003).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonham_C._Richardson1992" class="citation book cs1">Bonham C. Richardson (16 January 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kesL--n3YN4C&pg=PA58"><i>The Caribbean in the Wider World, 1492–1992</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521359771" title="Special:BookSources/9780521359771"><bdi>9780521359771</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caribbean+in+the+Wider+World%2C+1492%E2%80%931992&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1992-01-16&rft.isbn=9780521359771&rft.au=Bonham+C.+Richardson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkesL--n3YN4C%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Overseas+Territories" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Overseas_Territories&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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aria-labelledby="Countries,_territories_and_dependencies_of_the_British_Crown" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Kingdom_constituents_and_affiliations" title="Template:United Kingdom constituents and affiliations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Kingdom_constituents_and_affiliations" title="Template talk:United Kingdom constituents and affiliations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Kingdom_constituents_and_affiliations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Kingdom constituents and affiliations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries,_territories_and_dependencies_of_the_British_Crown" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries, territories and dependencies of the <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">British Crown</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent countries</a> <br />of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Bailiwick of Guernsey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alderney" title="Alderney">Alderney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sark" title="Sark">Sark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Bailiwick of Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Overseas territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Island" title="Gough Island">Gough Island</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_that_have_gained_independence_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom">List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> <a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Sovereign Base Areas</a>. <sup>2</sup> Partial suspension of sovereignty due to the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors,_civil_commissioners_and_administrators_of_British_dependencies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_dependencies_governors" title="Template:British dependencies governors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_dependencies_governors" title="Template talk:British dependencies governors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_dependencies_governors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British dependencies governors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors,_civil_commissioners_and_administrators_of_British_dependencies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_viceregal_representatives_of_The_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current viceregal representatives of The Crown">Governors, civil commissioners and administrators of British dependencies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown<br />Dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Guernsey" title="Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey">Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man">Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Jersey" title="Lieutenant Governor of Jersey">Lieutenant Governor of Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(HM_Government,_1901-1952).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg/100px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg/150px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg/200px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%2C_1901-1952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Overseas<br />territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Anguilla" title="Governor of Anguilla">Governor of Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Ascension" title="Governor of Ascension">Governor of Ascension (Administrator of Ascension)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Bermuda" title="Governor of Bermuda">Governor of Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_for_the_British_Antarctic_Territory" title="Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory">Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_for_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="Commissioner for the British Indian Ocean Territory">Commissioner for the British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Governor of the Virgin Islands">Governor of the Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="Governor of the Cayman Islands">Governor of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="List of governors of the Falkland Islands">Governor of the Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Gibraltar" title="Governor of Gibraltar">Governor of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Montserrat" title="Governor of Montserrat">Governor of Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Pitcairn" title="Governor of Pitcairn">Governor of Pitcairn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" title="Administrator of the Pitcairn Islands">Administrator of the Pitcairn Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_for_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="Commissioner for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">Commissioner for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Saint_Helena" title="Governor of Saint Helena">Governor of Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Governor of Tristan da Cunha">Governor of Tristan da Cunha (Administrator of Tristan da Cunha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>former<br />(Africa)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_British_Mauritius" title="Governor of British Mauritius">Governor of British Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_British_Cameroons" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colonial governors and administrators of British Cameroons">Governor of British Cameroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_the_Gambia" title="List of colonial governors of the Gambia">Governor of the Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Gold_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Gold Coast">Governor of Gold Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griqualand_West" title="Griqualand West">Lieutenant Governor of Griqualand West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Kenya">Governor of Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Lagos_Colony" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Lagos Colony">Governor of Lagos Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Federation_of_Rhodesia_and_Nyasaland" title="Governor-General of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland">Governor-General of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Northern_Rhodesia" title="Governor of Northern Rhodesia">Governor of Northern Rhodesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Nyasaland" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Nyasaland">Governor of Nyasaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Southern_Rhodesia" title="Governor of Southern Rhodesia">Governor of Southern Rhodesia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Nigeria">Governor of Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Senegal">Governor of Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of the Seychelles">Governor of the Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Sierra_Leone" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Sierra Leone">Governor of Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_South_Africa" title="Governor-General of South Africa">Governor-General of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commissioner_for_Southern_Africa" title="High Commissioner for Southern Africa">High Commissioner for Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_British_South_African_colonies" title="List of governors of British South African colonies">Governors of British South African colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_British_Somaliland" title="List of colonial governors of British Somaliland">Governor of British Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Tanganyika" title="List of governors of Tanganyika">Governor of Tanganyika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Uganda" title="List of governors of Uganda">Governor of Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_representatives_in_Zanzibar" title="List of British representatives in Zanzibar">Resident in Zanzibar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>former<br />(Americas)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_the_Bahamas" title="List of governors of the Bahamas">Governor of the Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Barbados" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Barbados">Governor of Barbados</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor of Grenada">Lieutenant Governor of Grenada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berbice" title="Berbice">Lieutenant-Governor of Berbice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_British_Guiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of British Guiana">Governor of British Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_British_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of British Honduras">Governor of British Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Cuba">Governor of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_Dominica" title="List of colonial governors and administrators of Dominica">Governor of Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demerara-Essequibo" title="Demerara-Essequibo">Lieutenant-Governor of Demerara-Essequibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Grenada#British_governors_of_Grenada_(1762–1802)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colonial governors of Grenada">Governor of Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Jamaica">Governor of Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Leeward_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of the Leeward Islands">Governor of the Leeward Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_St._Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of St. Lucia">Governor of St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_St._Vincent" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of St. Vincent">Governor of St. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Trinidad and Tobago">Governor of Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tobago" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Tobago">Lieutenant governors of Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Trinidad" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Trinidad">Governor of Trinidad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lieutenant governors of Newfoundland and Labrador">Governor of Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of governors general of Canada">Governor General of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of British Columbia">Governor of British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of New Brunswick">Governor of New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Nova_Scotia" title="List of lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia">Governor of Nova-Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Prince_Edward_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Prince Edward Island">Governor of Prince Edward Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_governors_of_Quebec#Lieutenant_Governors_of_the_Province_of_Quebec,_1760–1791" title="List of lieutenant governors of Quebec">Lieutenant Governor of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Saint_Christopher,_Nevis_and_Anguilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Saint Christopher, Nevis and Anguilla">Governor of Saint Christopher, Nevis and Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-in-Chief_of_the_Windward_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands">Governor-in-Chief of the Windward Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_West_Indies_Federation" title="Governor-General of the West Indies Federation">Governor-General of the West Indies Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Connecticut" title="List of colonial governors of Connecticut">Governor of Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of colonial governors of Pennsylvania">Governor of Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Florida" title="List of colonial governors of Florida">Governor of Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Georgia" title="List of colonial governors of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Maryland" title="List of colonial governors of Maryland">Governor of Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Massachusetts" title="List of colonial governors of Massachusetts">Governor of Massachusetts-Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Hampshire" title="List of colonial governors of New Hampshire">Governor of New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of colonial governors of New Jersey">Governor of New-Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Governor_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Governor of New York">Governor of New-York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North-Carolina_(1712%E2%80%931776)" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of North-Carolina (1712–1776)">Governor of North-Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of colonial governors of Pennsylvania">Governor of Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of colonial governors of Rhode Island">Governor of Rhode-island and Providence Plantations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_South_Carolina" title="List of colonial governors of South Carolina">Governor of South-Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Virginia" title="List of colonial governors of Virginia">Governor of Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>former<br />(Asia)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_colonial_administrators_of_Aden" title="List of British colonial administrators of Aden">Governor of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Burma" title="List of colonial governors of Burma">Governor of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governors_of_British_Ceylon" title="Governors of British Ceylon">Governor of Ceylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_High_Commissioners_of_the_United_Kingdom_for_Malaya" class="mw-redirect" title="List of High Commissioners of the United Kingdom for Malaya">High Commissioner for the Federated Malay States</a> <ul><li>Senior British representatives in the constituent protected states</li> <li>Senior British representatives in the neighbouring Malayan protected states <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Adviser_to_the_Government_of_Johore" class="mw-redirect" title="General Adviser to the Government of Johore">General Adviser to the Government of Johore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adviser_to_the_Sultan_of_Kedah" class="mw-redirect" title="Adviser to the Sultan of Kedah">Adviser to the Sultan of Kedah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adviser_to_the_Government_of_Kelantan" class="mw-redirect" title="Adviser to the Government of Kelantan">Adviser to the Government of Kelantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adviser_to_the_Government_of_Perlis" class="mw-redirect" title="Adviser to the Government of Perlis">Adviser to the Government of Perlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adviser,_Trengganu" class="mw-redirect" title="Adviser, Trengganu">Adviser, Trengganu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hong_Kong" title="Governor of Hong Kong">Governor of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_India" title="List of governors-general of India">Viceroy and Governor-General of India</a> <ul><li>Heads of the provinces of British India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_colonial_administrators_of_Aden" title="List of British colonial administrators of Aden">Governor of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Bengal_Presidency" title="List of governors of Bengal Presidency">Governor of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Bombay_Presidency" title="List of governors of Bombay Presidency">Governor of Bombay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_Governors_and_Presidents_of_Madras_Presidency" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colonial Governors and Presidents of Madras Presidency">Governor of Madras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commissioners_and_governors_of_Sind_in_British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commissioners and governors of Sind in British India">Governor of Sindh</a></li></ul></li> <li>Senior British representatives in neighbouring protected states <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resident_of_Gwalior" class="mw-redirect" title="Resident of Gwalior">Resident of Gwalior</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Iraq#British_High_Commissioners_to_the_Kingdom_of_Iraq" title="Mandatory Iraq">High Commissioner for Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Labuan" title="Governor of Labuan">Governor of Labuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_representatives_in_Muscat_and_Oman" title="List of British representatives in Muscat and Oman">Representative in Muscat and Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commissioner_for_Malaya" class="mw-redirect" title="High Commissioner for Malaya">High Commissioner for Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Malayan_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of the Malayan Union">Governor of the Malayan Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Borneo" title="Governor of North Borneo">Governor of North Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_resident_ministers_in_Nepal" title="List of British resident ministers in Nepal">Resident Minister in Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commissioners_for_Palestine_and_Transjordan" class="mw-redirect" title="High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan">High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Penang" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Penang">Governor of Penang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_representatives_in_the_Raj_of_Sarawak" title="List of British representatives in the Raj of Sarawak">Representative in the Raj of Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak#Administration" title="Crown Colony of Sarawak">Governor of the Crown Colony of Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Singapore" title="List of governors of Singapore">Governor of Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_representatives_in_the_Trucial_States" title="List of British representatives in the Trucial States">Representative in the Trucial States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>former<br />(Europe)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_British_Cyprus" title="List of colonial governors and administrators of British Cyprus">Governor of Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heligoland" title="Heligoland">Lieutenant Governor of Heligoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commissioner_of_the_Ionian_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands">High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Isle_of_Wight" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of the Isle of Wight">Governor of the Isle of Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_commissioners_of_Malta" title="List of civil commissioners of Malta">Civil Commissioner of Malta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Malta">Governor of Malta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minorca" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Minorca">Governor of Minorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Governor of Northern Ireland">Governor of Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>former<br />(Oceania)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Fiji" title="Governor of Fiji">Governor of Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_New_Zealand" title="List of governors-general of New Zealand">Governor-General of New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Governor-General of Papua New Guinea">Governor-General of Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_resident_commissioners_and_governors_of_the_Solomon_Islands" title="List of resident commissioners and governors of the Solomon Islands">Governor of the Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_consuls_in_Tonga" title="List of British consuls in Tonga">Consul in Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commissioner_for_the_Western_Pacific" title="High Commissioner for the Western Pacific">High Commissioner for the Western Pacific</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="former(Australia)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>former<br />(Australia)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_Australia" title="List of governors-general of Australia">Governor-General of Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_Resident_of_Central_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Resident of Central Australia">Government Resident of Central Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_South_Wales" title="Governor of New South Wales">Governor of New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Resident_of_North_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Resident of North Australia">Government Resident of North Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Queensland" title="Governor of Queensland">Governor of Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Australia" title="Governor of South Australia">Governor of South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmania" title="Governor of Tasmania">Governor of Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Victoria" title="Governor of Victoria">Governor of Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Western_Australia" title="Governor of Western Australia">Governor of Western Australia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_the_Swan_River_Colony" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor of the Swan River Colony">Lieutenant Governor of the Swan River Colony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Viceroys_of_the_British_monarch" title="Category:Viceroys of the British monarch">category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="English-speaking_world" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Template:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Template talk:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English-speaking_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/English_language#Geographical_distribution" title="English language">English-speaking world</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span title="English speaking countries"><img alt="English speaking countries" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/600px-Anglophone_World.svg.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/900px-Anglophone_World.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/1200px-Anglophone_World.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="974" resource="/wiki/File:Anglophone_World.svg" /></span><figcaption>English speaking countries</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Further_links" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Further links</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em">Articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">English-speaking world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the English language">History of the English language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="English in the Commonwealth of Nations">English in the Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;color:darkblue;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_English-speaking_population" title="List of countries by English-speaking population">List of countries by English-speaking population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_English_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries where English is an official language">List of countries where English is an official language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:blue;"><span style="padding-left:1.0em;"> </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_the_national_language_or_the_native_language_of_the_majority"> <ul><li><b>Countries and territories where English is the national language or the native language of the majority</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Africa" title="Languages of Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">The Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_language_in_Europe" title="English language in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightblue;"><span style="padding-left:1.0em;"> </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_an_official_language,_but_not_the_majority_first_language"> <ul><li><b>Countries and territories where English is an official language, but not the majority first language</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_Kingdom_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Kingdom_topics" title="Template:United Kingdom topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Kingdom_topics" title="Template talk:United Kingdom topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Kingdom_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Kingdom topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_Kingdom_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the United Kingdom">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_British_history" title="Timeline of British history">Chronology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formation_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland">Formation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_England_and_Scotland_Act_1603" title="Union of England and Scotland Act 1603">Union of England and Scotland Act 1603</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Union" title="Treaty of Union">Treaty of Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Acts of Union 1707</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_with_Scotland_(Amendment)_Act_1707" title="Union with Scotland (Amendment) Act 1707">Union with Scotland (Amendment) Act 1707</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_era" title="Georgian era">Georgian era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwardian_era" title="Edwardian era">Edwardian era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_the_First_World_War" title="History of the United Kingdom during the First World War">First World War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interwar_Britain" title="Interwar Britain">Interwar</a></li> <li>Second World War <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United Kingdom home front during World War II">civilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II">military</a></li></ul></li> <li>Postwar <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postwar_Britain_(1945%E2%80%931979)" class="mw-redirect" title="Postwar Britain (1945–1979)">political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_history_of_Postwar_Britain_(1945%E2%80%931979)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social history of Postwar Britain (1945–1979)">social</a></li></ul></li> <li>Since 1979 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1979%E2%80%93present)" title="Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)">political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1979%E2%80%93present)" title="Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)">social</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic history of the United Kingdom">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_foreign_relations_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_relations_(1814%E2%80%931919)" title="International relations (1814–1919)">1814–1919</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of law enforcement in the United Kingdom">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Maritime history of the United Kingdom">Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mass_surveillance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of mass surveillance in the United Kingdom">Mass surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Military history of the United Kingdom">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of taxation in the United Kingdom">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_women_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of women in the United Kingdom">Women's history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Geography of the United Kingdom">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_geography_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Administrative geography of the United Kingdom">Administrative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Counties of the United Kingdom">Counties of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Countries of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Overseas territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">City status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of towns in the United Kingdom">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_that_have_gained_independence_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom">Former colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Geography of the United Kingdom">Physical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminology_of_the_British_Isles" title="Terminology of the British Isles">terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Climate of the United Kingdom">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Climate change in the United Kingdom">change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastline_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Coastline of the United Kingdom">Coastline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Great_Britain" title="Geology of Great Britain">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_and_lochs_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of lakes and lochs of the United Kingdom">Lakes and lochs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_and_hills_in_the_British_Isles" title="Lists of mountains and hills in the British Isles">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of rivers of the United Kingdom">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of volcanoes in the United Kingdom">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_renewable_resources_produced_and_traded_by_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of renewable resources produced and traded by the United Kingdom">Resources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Agriculture in the United Kingdom">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Energy in the United Kingdom">Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Biodiesel in the United Kingdom">biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Coal mining in the United Kingdom">coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Geothermal power in the United Kingdom">geothermal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_fracturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic fracturing in the United Kingdom">hydraulic frac.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hydroelectricity in the United Kingdom">hydroelectricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom#Ocean_power" title="Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">North Sea oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Solar power in the United Kingdom">solar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wind power in the United Kingdom">wind</a></li></ul></li> <li>Fishing <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_England" title="Fishing industry in England">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Scotland" title="Fishing industry in Scotland">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Wales" title="Fishing industry in Wales">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_and_shooting_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom">Hunting</a></li> <li>Materials <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Forestry in the United Kingdom">forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mining in the United Kingdom">mining</a></li></ul></li> <li>Wildlife <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Great_Britain" title="Fauna of Great Britain">fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Flora of Great Britain and Ireland">flora</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constitution of the United Kingdom">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Corruption in the United Kingdom">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devolution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Devolution in the United Kingdom">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UK_parliamentary_by-elections" title="UK parliamentary by-elections">By-elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Foreign relations of the United Kingdom">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Human rights in the United Kingdom">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United Kingdom">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciaries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Judiciaries of the United Kingdom">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law of the United Kingdom">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law enforcement in the United Kingdom">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Local government in the United Kingdom">Local government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">Monarchy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_monarchs" title="List of British monarchs">monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Republicanism in the United Kingdom">republicanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_nationality_law" title="British nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of political parties in the United Kingdom">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_leaders_of_British_political_parties" title="List of female leaders of British political parties">Female party leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_scandals_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of political scandals in the United Kingdom">Political scandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_Shadow_Cabinet_(United_Kingdom)" title="Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (United Kingdom)">Shadow Cabinet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_governments" title="List of British governments">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_(United_Kingdom)" title="Civil Service (United Kingdom)">Civil service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_the_Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Departments of the Government of the United Kingdom">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunak_ministry" title="Sunak ministry">Ministers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_government_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of government ministers of the United Kingdom">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Naval_Service" title="His Majesty's Naval Service">His Majesty's Naval Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="United Kingdom and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of banks in the United Kingdom">Banks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_England" title="Bank of England">Bank of England</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Budget of the United Kingdom">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_geography_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic geography of the United Kingdom">Economic geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_trade_agreements_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Free trade agreements of the United Kingdom">Free trade agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Income in the United Kingdom">Income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Manufacturing in the United Kingdom">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound sterling <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Science and technology in the United Kingdom">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stock_exchanges_in_the_United_Kingdom,_the_British_Crown_Dependencies_and_United_Kingdom_Overseas_Territories" title="List of stock exchanges in the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies and United Kingdom Overseas Territories">Stock exchanges</a> (<a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Exchange</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Taxation in the United Kingdom">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telecommunications in the United Kingdom">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Tourism in the United Kingdom">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Transport in the United Kingdom">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_transport_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Air transport in the United Kingdom">Air transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Bus transport">Bus transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driving_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Driving in the United Kingdom">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Roads in the United Kingdom">Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in the United Kingdom">Rail transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Society of the United Kingdom">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cannabis in the United Kingdom">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Crime in the United Kingdom">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Demographics of the United Kingdom">Demography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_policy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Drug policy of the United Kingdom">Drug policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Education in the United Kingdom">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_inequality_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Environmental inequality in the United Kingdom">Environmental inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Environmental issues in the United Kingdom">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Health in the United Kingdom">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Homelessness in the United Kingdom">Homelessness</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_England" title="Homelessness in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Scotland" title="Homelessness in Scotland">Scotland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Housing in the United Kingdom">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hunger in the United Kingdom">Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_immigration_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="Modern immigration to the United Kingdom">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_innovations_and_discoveries" title="List of British innovations and discoveries">Innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Languages of the United Kingdom">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_regions_by_life_expectancy" title="List of British regions by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mental health in the United Kingdom">Mental health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Poverty in the United Kingdom">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prostitution in the United Kingdom">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Public holidays in the United Kingdom">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Racism in the United Kingdom">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_care_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Social care in the United Kingdom">Social care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Social class in the United Kingdom">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Suicide in the United Kingdom">Suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_basic_income_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Universal basic income in the United Kingdom">Universal basic income (UBI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Water supply and sanitation in the United Kingdom">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Waste in the United Kingdom">Waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Welfare state in the United Kingdom">Welfare state</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Culture of the United Kingdom">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Art of the United Kingdom">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_Save_the_King" title="God Save the King">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cinema of the United Kingdom">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_cuisine" title="British cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wine_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wine from the United Kingdom">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_national_identity" title="British national identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_literature" title="British literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mass media in the United Kingdom">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Music of the United Kingdom">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Sport in the United Kingdom">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_symbols_of_the_United_Kingdom,_the_Channel_Islands_and_the_Isle_of_Man" title="List of national symbols of the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Theatre of the United Kingdom">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotypes_of_the_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereotypes of the British">Stereotypes of the British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Countries of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_England" title="History of England">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_society" title="English society">social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_English_history" title="Timeline of English history">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_England" title="Geography of England">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_England" title="Politics of England">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_law" title="English law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_England" title="Economy of England">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_England" title="Tourism in England">tourism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_England" title="Education in England">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_England" title="Healthcare in England">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_England" title="Homelessness in England">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_England" title="Culture of England">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_England" title="Religion in England">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_England" title="National symbols of England">Symbols</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northern_Ireland" title="History of Northern Ireland">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland#Geography_and_climate" title="Northern Ireland">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">First Minister and deputy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Law of Northern Ireland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Economy of Northern Ireland">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Ireland" title="List of tourist attractions in Ireland">tourism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Education in Northern Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_and_Social_Care_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Health and Social Care (Northern Ireland)">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Culture of Northern Ireland">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Religion in Northern Ireland">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland#Symbols" title="Northern Ireland">Symbols</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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