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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deccan_roots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deccan_roots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Deccan roots</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deccan_roots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natha_Panthis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natha_Panthis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Natha Panthis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natha_Panthis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warrior_ascetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Warrior ascetics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warrior_ascetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gurus,_siddhas,_naths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gurus,_siddhas,_naths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gurus, siddhas, naths</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gurus,_siddhas,_naths-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gurus, siddhas, naths subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gurus,_siddhas,_naths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Matsyendranatha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matsyendranatha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Matsyendranatha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matsyendranatha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gorakshanatha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gorakshanatha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Gorakshanatha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gorakshanatha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Aims</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aims-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aims subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hatha_yoga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hatha_yoga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Hatha yoga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hatha_yoga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caste_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caste_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Caste system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caste_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Naths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Naths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable Naths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Naths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="নাথ-যোগী সম্প্ৰদায় – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নাথ-যোগী সম্প্ৰদায়" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="নাথ সম্প্রদায় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নাথ সম্প্রদায়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1tha_Samprad%C3%A1ja" title="Nátha Sampradája – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nátha Sampradája" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nath_(Hinduismus)" title="Nath (Hinduismus) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nath (Hinduismus)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradici%C3%B3n_natha" title="Tradición natha – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tradición natha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nath_sampradaya" title="Nath sampradaya – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nath sampradaya" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A5_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF" title="નાથ સંપ્રદાય – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નાથ સંપ્રદાય" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="नाथ सम्प्रदाय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नाथ सम्प्रदाय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natha" title="Natha – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Natha" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1th" title="Náth – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Náth" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="नाथ संप्रदाय – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नाथ संप्रदाय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nath" title="Nath – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nath" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A5" title="ਨਾਥ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਾਥ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathasampradaja" title="Nathasampradaja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nathasampradaja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nath_(hindu%C3%ADsmo)" title="Nath (hinduísmo) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nath (hinduísmo)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Натха – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Натха" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nath" title="Nath – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nath" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natha" title="Natha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Natha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நாத சைவம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாத சைவம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A5_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="నాథ సంప్రదాయము – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నాథ సంప్రదాయము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Натха – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Натха" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q117421#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natha_Sampradaya" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nath&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Nath">Nath</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Yogic tradition within Shaivism</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output 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For the deity in Buddhism, see <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81thadeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Nāthadeva">Nāthadeva</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Nath_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nath (disambiguation)">Nath (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Shaivism" title="Category:Shaivism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color: #FFC569; padding:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SaivismFlag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/SaivismFlag.svg/150px-SaivismFlag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/SaivismFlag.svg/225px-SaivismFlag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/SaivismFlag.svg/300px-SaivismFlag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="495" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Deities</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"><b><a href="/wiki/Parameshvara_(epithet)" title="Parameshvara (epithet)">Parameshvara</a></b><br /><i>(Supreme being)</i> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadasiva" title="Sadasiva">Sadasiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhairava" title="Bhairava">Bhairava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra" title="Rudra">Rudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virabhadra" title="Virabhadra">Virabhadra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchavimshatimurti" title="Panchavimshatimurti">Forms of Shiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_deities" title="List of Hindu deities">Others</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Scriptures and texts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)">Agama</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tantras_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantras (Hinduism)">Tantras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Sutras_of_Vasugupta" title="Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta">Shivasutras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vachana_sahitya" title="Vachana sahitya">Vachanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Svetasvatara</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Philosophy</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dd>Three Components</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pashupati" title="Pashupati">Pati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Pashu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%C5%9Ba" title="Pāśa">Pasam</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Three bondages</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anava" title="Anava">Anava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a> <br /></li></ul> <dl><dd>other aspects</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattva_(Shaivism)" title="Tattva (Shaivism)">36 Tattvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satkaryavada" title="Satkaryavada">Satkaryavada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhasavada" title="Abhasavada">Abhasavada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svatantrya" title="Svatantrya">Svatantrya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aham_(Kashmir_Shaivism)" title="Aham (Kashmir Shaivism)">Aham</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vibhuti" title="Vibhuti">Vibhuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudraksha" title="Rudraksha">Rudraksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Namah_Shivaya" title="Om Namah Shivaya">Panchakshara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_marmelos#Religious_significance" title="Aegle marmelos">Bilva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a>-<a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">Guru</a>-<a href="/wiki/Lingam" title="Lingam">Linga</a>-<a href="/wiki/Jangam" title="Jangam">Jangam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"><hr /> <dl><dd><b>Ati marga</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamukha" title="Kalamukha">Kalamukha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Mantra_marga" title="Mantra marga">Mantra marga</a></b></dd></dl> <p><i>Saiddhantika</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaiva_Siddhanta" title="Shaiva Siddhanta">Siddhantism</a></li></ul> <p><i>Non - Saiddhantika</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Shaivism" title="Kashmir Shaivism">Kashmir Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratyabhijna" title="Pratyabhijna">Pratyabhijna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamachara" title="Vamachara">Vama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dak%E1%B9%A3i%E1%B9%87%C4%81" title="Dakṣiṇā">Dakshina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaula_(Hinduism)" title="Kaula (Hinduism)">Kaula</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Shaivism" title="Kashmir Shaivism">Trika</a>-<a href="/wiki/Rudrayamala" title="Rudrayamala">Yamala</a>-<a href="/wiki/Kubjika" title="Kubjika">Kubjika</a>-<a href="/wiki/Netra_Tantra" title="Netra Tantra">Netra</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dd><b>Others</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nath" class="mw-redirect" title="Nath">Nath</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inchegeri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Inchegeri Sampradaya">Inchegeri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veerashaiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Veerashaiva">Veerashaiva</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" title="Lingayatism">Lingayatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhar" title="Siddhar">Siddharism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Sroutaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghori" title="Aghori">Aghori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Indonesia" title="Hinduism in Indonesia">Indonesian</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Scholars</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakulisha" title="Lakulisha">Lakulisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasugupta" title="Vasugupta">Vasugupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utpaladeva" title="Utpaladeva">Utpaladeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayanars" title="Nayanars">Nayanars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manikkavacakar" title="Manikkavacakar">Manikkavacakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meykandar" title="Meykandar">Meykandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dang_Hyang_Nirartha" title="Dang Hyang Nirartha">Nirartha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharana_(Hinduism)" title="Sharana (Hinduism)">Sharana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Advaita" title="Shiva Advaita">Srikantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appayya_Dikshita" title="Appayya Dikshita">Appayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navnath" class="mw-redirect" title="Navnath">Navnath</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#FFC569 1px solid; border-bottom:#FFC569 1px solid;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nandi_(Hinduism)" title="Nandi (Hinduism)">Nandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantra" title="Tantra">Tantrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotirlinga" title="Jyotirlinga">Jyotirlinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Shiva_temples" title="Template:Shiva temples">Shiva Temples</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background-color:#FFC569"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/16px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/23px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/31px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Hinduism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saivism" title="Template:Saivism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saivism" title="Template talk:Saivism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saivism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saivism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Hinduism" title="Category:Hinduism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.2em;background:#FFC569;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/90px-1_Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/135px-1_Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/180px-1_Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">Origins</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"><b>Historical</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of the Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Hinduism">Vedic Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arama%E1%B9%87a" title="Śramaṇa">Śramaṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_religions_in_India" title="Tribal religions in India">Tribal religions in India</a></li></ul> <p><b>Traditional</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasa-Purana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_royal_genealogies" title="Epic-Puranic royal genealogies">Epic-Puranic royal genealogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_chronology" title="Epic-Puranic chronology">Epic-Puranic chronology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Major Sampradaya (Traditions)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratyabhijna" title="Pratyabhijna">Pratyabhijña</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Other Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></i></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Absolute Reality / Unifying Force</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other major <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devis</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Vedic Deities:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tridasha">Tridasha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adityas" title="Adityas">Adityas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudras" title="Rudras">Rudras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasus">Vasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigvedic_deities" title="Rigvedic deities">Other Vedic Deities</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Post-Vedic:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navadurga" title="Navadurga">Navadurga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishvakarma" title="Vishvakarma">Vishvakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Concepts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Worldview</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_cosmology" title="Hindu cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ontology</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattva" title="Tattva">Tattvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanmatras" title="Tanmatras">Subtle elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchikarana" title="Panchikarana">Panchikarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhuta" title="Pancha Bhuta">Gross elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%E1%B9%87a" title="Guṇa">Guṇas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prak%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Prakṛti">Prakṛti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Para_Brahman" title="Para Brahman">Supreme reality</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirguna_brahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirguna brahman">Nirguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguna_brahman" title="Saguna brahman">Saguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saccid%C4%81nanda" title="Saccidānanda">Saccidānanda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">God</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_gender_in_Hinduism" title="God and gender in Hinduism">God and gender</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārtha (Meaning of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80%C5%9Brama_(stage)" title="Āśrama (stage)">Āśrama (Stages of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%E1%B9%9Bhastha" title="Gṛhastha">Gṛhastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81naprastha" title="Vānaprastha">Vānaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Three_Yogas" title="Three Yogas">Three paths to liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Mokṣa-related topics:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramatman" title="Paramatman">Paramātman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Mind</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Ātman (self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C4%81tman_(Hinduism)" title="Anātman (Hinduism)">Anātman (non-self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_bodies_doctrine" title="Three bodies doctrine">Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antahkarana" title="Antahkarana">Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81_(Hinduism)" title="Prajñā (Hinduism)">Prajña (wisdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80nanda_(Hindu_philosophy)" title="Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)">Ānanda (happiness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viveka" title="Viveka">Viveka (discernment)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vairagya" title="Vairagya">Vairagya (dispassion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samatva" title="Samatva">Sama (equanimity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Dama (temperance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uparati" title="Uparati">Uparati (self-settledness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titiksha" title="Titiksha">Titiksha (forbearance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Hinduism" title="Faith in Hinduism">Shraddha (faith)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samadhana (concentration)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arishadvargas" title="Arishadvargas">Arishadvargas (six enemies)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahamkara" title="Ahamkara">Ahamkara (attachment)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ethics</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti śastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Achourya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjava" title="Arjava">Arjava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosha" title="Santosha">Santosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources of dharma</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Epistemology</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratyaksha" title="Pratyaksha">Pratyakṣa (perception)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anumāṇa" title="Pramana">Anumāṇa (inference)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upam%C4%81%E1%B9%87a" class="mw-redirect" title="Upamāṇa">Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Arthāpatti" title="Pramana">Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anupalabdi" title="Pramana">Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabda" title="Shabda">Śabda (word, testimony)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a>, sacrifice, and charity</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arti_(Hinduism)" title="Arti (Hinduism)">Ārtī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Hinduism" title="Prayer in Hinduism">Prarthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kīrtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarpana" title="Tarpana">Tarpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%81ya%C5%9Bcitta" title="Prāyaścitta">Prāyaścitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Hinduism)" title="Tirtha (Hinduism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthadana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Matha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Nritta-Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sev%C4%81" title="Sevā">Sevā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Meditation</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Dhyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samādhāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nididhy%C4%81sana" title="Nididhyāsana">Nididhyāsana</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogini" title="Yogini">Yogini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81dhan%C4%81" title="Sādhanā">Sādhanā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga" title="Rāja yoga">Rāja yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalini_yoga" title="Kundalini yoga">Kundalini yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Arts</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Mela" title="Bhagavata Mela">Bhagavata Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandav_Lila" title="Pandav Lila">Pandav Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambam" title="Silambam">Silambam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimurai" title="Adimurai">Adimurai</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Samskara_(rite_of_passage)" title="Samskara (rite of passage)">Rites of passage</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Pumsavana Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simantonnayana" title="Simantonnayana">Simantonnayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Nāmakaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyāraṃbhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami-Dussehra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophical schools</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Six Astika schools</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_(philosophy)" title="Yoga (philosophy)">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Shuddhadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svabhavika_Bhedabheda" title="Svabhavika Bhedabheda">Svabhavika Bhedabheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other schools</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80j%C4%ABvika" title="Ājīvika">Ājīvika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_gurus_and_sants" title="List of Hindu gurus and sants">Gurus, Rishi, Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient India">Ancient</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saptarshi" title="Saptarshi">Saptarshi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vashistha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vashistha">Vashistha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashyapa" title="Kashyapa">Kashyapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atri" title="Atri">Atri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya_Sutras" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaya Sutras">Gotama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharadwaja" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharadwaja">Bharadwaja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angiras" title="Angiras">Angiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruni">Aruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtavakra" title="Ashtavakra">Ashtavakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaimini" title="Jaimini">Jaimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanada (philosopher)">Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini" title="Pāṇini">Pāṇini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashastapada" title="Prashastapada">Prashastapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raikva" title="Raikva">Raikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyakama_Jabala" class="mw-redirect" title="Satyakama Jabala">Satyakama Jabala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajnavalkya" title="Yajnavalkya">Yajnavalkya</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">Medieval</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akka_Mahadevi" title="Akka Mahadevi">Akka Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Prabhu" title="Allama Prabhu">Allama Prabhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvars" title="Alvars">Alvars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramdas_Kathiababa" title="Ramdas Kathiababa">Ramdas Kathiababa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changdev" class="mw-redirect" title="Changdev">Chāngadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eknath" title="Eknath">Eknath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangesha_Upadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangesha Upadhyaya">Gangesha Upadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudapada" title="Gaudapada">Gaudapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakshanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorakshanath">Gorakshanatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa_Thakur" title="Haridasa Thakur">Haridasa Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Dasa_(Odia_poet)" title="Jagannatha Dasa (Odia poet)">Jagannatha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanta_Bhatta" title="Jayanta Bhatta">Jayanta Bhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81ne%C5%9Bvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jñāneśvar">Jñāneśvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Dasa" title="Kanaka Dasa">Kanaka Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81rila_Bha%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADa" title="Kumārila Bhaṭṭa">Kumārila Bhaṭṭa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhus%C5%ABdana_Sarasvat%C4%AB" title="Madhusūdana Sarasvatī">Madhusūdana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morya_Gosavi" title="Morya Gosavi">Morya Gosavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundraj" title="Mukundraj">Mukundarāja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narahari_Tirtha" title="Narahari Tirtha">Narahari Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Saraswati" title="Narasimha Saraswati">Narasimha Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayanars" title="Nayanars">Nayanars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarkacharya" title="Nimbarkacharya">Nimbarkacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabh%C4%81kara" title="Prabhākara">Prabhākara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Swami" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghavendra Swami">Raghavendra Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Siromani" title="Raghunatha Siromani">Raghunatha Siromani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupa_Goswami" title="Rupa Goswami">Rupa Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddheshwar" title="Siddheshwar">Siddheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripada_Srivallabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sripada Srivallabha">Sripada Srivallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Sastri" title="Syama Sastri">Śyāma Śastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyagaraja" title="Tyagaraja">Tyagaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81caspati_Mi%C5%9Bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vācaspati Miśra">Vācaspati Miśra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" title="Thiruvalluvar">Valluvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyaranya" title="Vidyaranya">Vidyaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasaraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vyasaraja">Vyasaraja</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Modern</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati">Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekarendra_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandrashekarendra Saraswati">Chandrashekarendra Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinmayananda">Chinmayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnananda_Saraswati" title="Krishnananda Saraswati">Krishnananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavatar_Babaji" title="Mahavatar Babaji">Mahavatar Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigamananda_Paramahansa" title="Nigamananda Paramahansa">Nigamananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj" title="Nisargadatta Maharaj">Nisargadatta Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramachandra_Dattatrya_Ranade" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade">R. D. Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama_Tirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Rama Tirtha">Rama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Ramdas" title="Swami Ramdas">Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Samarth" title="Swami Samarth">Samarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Baba_of_Shirdi" title="Sai Baba of Shirdi">Shirdi Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Shraddhanand" title="Swami Shraddhanand">Shraddhanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharameshwar_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siddharameshwar Maharaj">Siddharameshwar Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailanga" title="Trailanga">Trailanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._G._Krishnamurti" title="U. G. Krishnamurti">U. G. Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upasni_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Upasni Maharaj">Upasni Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vethathiri_Maharishi" title="Vethathiri Maharishi">Vethathiri Maharishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources and classification of scripture</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80c%C4%81ra" title="Ācāra">Ācāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmatusti" title="Atmatusti">Ātmatuṣṭi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hindu_texts" title="Timeline of Hindu texts">Timeline of Hindu texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Divisions</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samhitapatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Samhitapatha">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Rigveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Yajurveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitri</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Samaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Atharvaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedangas">Vedangas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_metre" title="Vedic metre">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hindu scriptures">Other scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)"><i>Agama</i>s (Hinduism)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Purana" title="Devi Bhagavata Purana">Devi Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vamana_Purana" title="Vamana Purana">Vāmana Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Purana" title="Brahma Purana">Brahma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmanda_Purana" title="Brahmanda Purana">Brahmanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Vaivarta_Purana" title="Brahma Vaivarta Purana">Brahma Vaivarta Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhavishya_Purana" title="Bhavishya Purana">Bhavishya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Purana" title="Shiva Purana">Shiva Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linga_Purana" title="Linga Purana">Linga Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kurma_Purana" title="Kurma Purana">Kūrma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skanda_Purana" title="Skanda Purana">Skanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Purana" title="Varaha Purana">Varaha Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya Purana</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas#Upaveda" title="Vedas">Upavedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhanurveda" title="Dhanurveda">Dhanurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandharvaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandharvaveda">Gandharvaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sthapatyaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthapatyaveda">Sthapatyaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Shastra" title="Shastra">Shastras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">sutras</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhitas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharma Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Artha Śastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kama_Sutra" title="Kama Sutra">Kama Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sutras" title="Brahma Sutras">Brahma Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samkhya_Pravachana_Sutra" title="Samkhya Pravachana Sutra">Samkhya Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purva_Mimamsa_Sutras" title="Purva Mimamsa Sutras">Mimamsa Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny%C4%81ya_S%C5%ABtras" title="Nyāya Sūtras">Nyāya Sūtras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vai%C5%9Be%E1%B9%A3ika_S%C5%ABtra" title="Vaiśeṣika Sūtra">Vaiśeṣika Sūtra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Pramana Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charaka_Samhita" title="Charaka Samhita">Charaka Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita" title="Sushruta Samhita">Sushruta Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchatantra" title="Panchatantra">Panchatantra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Swarodaya" title="Shiva Swarodaya">Swara yoga</a></i></li> 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hinduism" title="Template:Hinduism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hinduism" title="Template talk:Hinduism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hinduism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hinduism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Nath Sampradaya</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:17th_century_Hindu_female_Nath_yogi_painting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/17th_century_Hindu_female_Nath_yogi_painting.jpg/185px-17th_century_Hindu_female_Nath_yogi_painting.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/17th_century_Hindu_female_Nath_yogi_painting.jpg/277px-17th_century_Hindu_female_Nath_yogi_painting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/17th_century_Hindu_female_Nath_yogi_painting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="466" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Painting of Hindu Nath yoginis ca. 17th century</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Founder</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranatha" title="Matsyendranatha">Matsyendranatha</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Religions</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Natha</b>, also called <b>Nath</b> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <span lang="sa">नाथसम्प्रदाय</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Sanskrit" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Sanskrit">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">Nāthasaṃpradāya</i></span>), are a <a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaiva</a> sub-tradition within <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> in India and Nepal.<sup id="cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p308_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesRyan2006p308-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A medieval movement, it combined ideas from <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a> traditions of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-britannatha_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannatha-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Naths have been a confederation of devotees who consider <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> as their first lord or <a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">guru</a>, with varying lists of additional gurus.<sup id="cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p308_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesRyan2006p308-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mallinson_2011_p407-428-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these, the 9th or 10th century <a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a> and the ideas and organization mainly developed by <a href="/wiki/Gorakhnath" title="Gorakhnath">Gorakhnath</a> are particularly important. Gorakhnath is considered the originator of the Nath Panth.<sup id="cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mallinson_2011_p407-428-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nath tradition has an extensive Shaivism-related theological literature of its own, most of which is traceable to the 11th century CE or later.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–421_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–421-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, its roots are in a far more ancient <a href="/wiki/Siddha" title="Siddha">Siddha</a> tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p308_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesRyan2006p308-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–37_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–37-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A notable aspect of Nath tradition practice has been its refinements and use of Yoga, particularly <a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga">Hatha Yoga</a>, to transform one's body into a <i><a href="/wiki/Sahaja#Sahaja-siddhi" title="Sahaja">sahaja siddha</a></i> state of an awakened self’s identity with absolute reality. An accomplished <a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">guru</a>, that is, a yoga and spiritual guide, is considered essential,<sup id="cite_ref-britannatha_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannatha-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Nath tradition has historically been known for its esoteric and heterodox practices.<sup id="cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mallinson_2011_p407-428-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Singleton2010p27_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singleton2010p27-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The unconventional ways of the Nath tradition challenged all orthodox premises, exploring dark and shunned practices of society as a means to understanding theology and gaining inner powers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesRyan2006169–170,_308_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesRyan2006169–170,_308-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They formed monastic organizations, itinerant groups that walked great distances to sacred sites and festivals such as the <a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a> as a part of their spiritual practice. The Nath also have a large settled householder tradition in parallel to its monastic groups.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–421_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–421-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of them metamorphosed into warrior ascetics during the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquests_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent">Islamic rule of the Indian subcontinent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thapar165_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thapar165-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERigopoulos199899–104,_218_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERigopoulos199899–104,_218-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen197861_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen197861-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nath tradition was influenced by other Indian traditions such as <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a> monism,<sup id="cite_ref-Lorenzen2011p5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lorenzen2011p5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in turn influenced it as well as movements within <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhakti_movement" title="Bhakti movement">Bhakti movement</a> through saints such as <a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namdev</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-singleton28_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singleton28-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-beck117_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beck117-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lorenzen2011xi_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lorenzen2011xi-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBanerjea1983xxi_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBanerjea1983xxi-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_nomenclature">Etymology and nomenclature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology and nomenclature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sanskrit word <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5#Sanskrit" class="extiw" title="wikt:नाथ">nātha</a> नाथ literally means "lord, protector, master".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The related Sanskrit term <a href="/wiki/Adi_Natha" class="mw-redirect" title="Adi Natha">Adi Natha</a> means first or original Lord, and is a synonym for <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>, the founder of the Nāthas. Initiation into the Nātha <a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">sampradaya</a> includes receiving a name ending in <i>-nath</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhite2012355_note_8,_100–101_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhite2012355_note_8,_100–101-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>-yogi</i>, or <i>-jogi</i>. </p><p>According to the yoga scholar <a href="/wiki/James_Mallinson_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Mallinson (author)">James Mallinson</a>, the term <i>Nath</i> is a neologism for various groups previously known as <i>yogi</i> or <i>jogi</i> before the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–410_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–410-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Natha tradition, however, it is said that the identifier Nath began with the figures of Matsyendranatha in the 10th century and his guru <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>, known as Adinath (first lord). During East India Company and later British Raj rule, itinerant yogis were suppressed and many were forced into householder life. Many of their practices were banned in an attempt to limit their political and military power in North India. </p><p>During colonial rule the term <i>Yogi/Jogi</i> became a derisive word and they were classified by British India census as a "low status caste". In the 20th century, the community began to use the alternate term <i>Nath</i> instead in their public relations, while continuing to use their historical term of <i>yogi</i> or <i>jogi</i> to refer to each other within the community. The term <i>Nath</i> or <i>Natha</i>, with the meaning of lord, is a generic Sanskrit theological term found in all the dharmic religions that utilize Sanskrit. It is found in <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> (e.g. Gopinath, Jagannath), <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (e.g. Minanath), and in <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> (Adinatha, Parsvanatha).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–410_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–410-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>yogi</i> or <i>jogi</i> is not limited to Natha subtradition, and has been widely used in Indian culture for anyone who is routinely devoted to yoga.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–410_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–410-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some memoirs by travelers such as those by the Italian traveler Varthema refer to the Nath Yogi people they met, phonetically as <i>Ioghes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012411–415_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012411–415-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya</a></div> <p>Nath are a sub-tradition within Shaivism, who trace their lineage to nine Nath <a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">gurus</a>, starting with Shiva as the first, or ‘’Adinatha’’.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–411_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–411-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The list of the remaining eight is somewhat inconsistent between the regions Nath <a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">sampradaya</a> is found, but typically consists of c. 9th century Matsyendranatha and c. 12th century Gorakhshanatha along with six more. The other six vary between Buddhist texts such as <i>Abhyadattasri</i>, and Hindu texts such as <i>Varnaratnakara</i> and <i>Hathapradipika</i>. The most common remaining Nath gurus include Caurangi (Sarangadhara, Puran Bhagat), Jalandhara (Balnath, Hadipa), Carpatha, Kanhapa, Nagarjuna and Bhartrihari.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nath tradition was not a new movement, but one evolutionary phase of a very old Siddha tradition of India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–37_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–37-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Siddha tradition explored <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a>, with the premise that human existence is a psycho-chemical process that can be perfected by a right combination of psychological, alchemy and physical techniques, thereby empowering one to a state of highest spirituality, living in prime condition <i>ad libitum</i>, and dying when one so desires into a calm, blissful transcendental state. The term <i>siddha</i> means "perfected", and this premise was not limited to the Siddha tradition but was shared by others such as the <a href="/wiki/Rasayana" title="Rasayana">Rasayana</a> school of Ayurveda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–37_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–37-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deccan_roots">Deccan roots</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Deccan roots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Mallinson, "the majority of the early textual and epigraphic references to Matsyendra and Goraksa are from the Deccan region and elsewhere in peninsular India; the others are from eastern India".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012410–412_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012410–412-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oldest iconography of Nath-like yogis is found in the <a href="/wiki/Konkan" title="Konkan">Konkan</a> region (near the coast of <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012410–412_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012410–412-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a> artworks include them, as do texts from a region now known as Maharashtra, northern Karnataka and Kerala. The Chinese traveller, named <a href="/wiki/Ma_Huan" title="Ma Huan">Ma Huan</a>, visited a part of the western coast of India, wrote a memoir, and he mentions the Nath Yogis. The oldest texts of the Nath tradition that describe pilgrimage sites include predominantly sites in the Deccan region and the eastern states of India, with hardly any mention of north, northwest or south India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012411–413_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012411–413-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This community also can be found in some parts of Rajasthan but these are normal like other castes, considered as other backward castes. </p><p>Gorakhshanatha is traditionally credited with founding the tradition of renunciate ascetics, but the earliest textual references about the Nath ascetic order as an organized entity (sampradaya), that have survived into the modern era, are from the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the 17th century, while a mention of the Nath sampradaya as a monastic institution is missing, extensive isolated mentions about the Nath Shaiva people are found in inscriptions, texts and temple iconography from earlier centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Navnath1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Navnath1.jpg/220px-Navnath1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Navnath1.jpg/330px-Navnath1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Navnath1.jpg/440px-Navnath1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>The Navnath, according to a Deccan representation</figcaption></figure> <p>In the Deccan region, only since the 18th century according to Mallison, <a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Dattatreya</a> has been traditionally included as a Nath guru as a part of Vishnu-Shiva syncretism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to others, Dattatreya has been the revered as the Adi-Guru (First Teacher) of the <a href="/wiki/Adinath_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Adinath Sampradaya">Adinath Sampradaya</a> of the Nathas, the first "Lord of Yoga" with mastery of <a href="/wiki/Tantra" title="Tantra">Tantra</a> (techniques).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERigopoulos199877–78_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERigopoulos199877–78-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarperBrown2002155–156_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarperBrown2002155–156-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The number of Nath gurus also varies between texts, ranging from 4, 9, 18, 25 and so on.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest known text that mentions nine Nath gurus is the 15th century Telugu text <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Navanatha_Charitra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navanatha Charitra (page does not exist)">Navanatha Charitra</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Individually, the names of Nath Gurus appear in much older texts. For example, Matsyendranatha is mentioned as a siddha in section 29.32 of the 10th century text <i>Tantraloka</i> of the Advaita and Shaivism scholar Abhinavagupta.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–412_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–412-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mention of Nath gurus as siddhas in Buddhist texts found in Tibet and the Himalayan regions led early scholars to propose that Naths may have Buddhist origins, but the Nath doctrines and theology is unlike mainstream Buddhism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–412_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–412-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mallinson_2011_p407-428-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Tibetan tradition, Matsyendranatha of Hinduism is identified with <a href="/wiki/Luipa" class="mw-redirect" title="Luipa">Luipa</a>, one referred to as the first of Buddhist Siddhacharyas. In Nepal, he is a form of Buddhist Avalokiteshvara.<sup id="cite_ref-McLeod1987p217_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLeod1987p217-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Deshpande, the Natha Sampradaya, is a development of the earlier Siddha or Avadhuta Sampradaya, an ancient lineage of spiritual masters.<sup id="cite_ref-Despande_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Despande-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They may be linked to Kapalikas or Kalamukhas given they share their unorthodox lifestyle, though neither the doctrines nor the evidence that links them has been uncovered.<sup id="cite_ref-McLeod1987p217_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLeod1987p217-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Nath Yogis were deeply admired by the Bhakti movement saint <a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natha_Panthis">Natha Panthis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Natha Panthis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Nath Sampradaya is traditionally divided into twelve streams or <i>Panths</i>. According to <a href="/wiki/David_Gordon_White" title="David Gordon White">David Gordon White</a>, these <i>panth</i>s were not really a subdivision of a monolithic order, but rather an amalgamation of separate groups descended from either Matsyendranatha, Gorakshanatha or one of their students.<sup id="cite_ref-White_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there have always been many more Natha sects than will conveniently fit into the twelve formal <i>panths</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-White_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Goa, the town called <a href="/wiki/Madgaon" class="mw-redirect" title="Madgaon">Madgaon</a> may have been derived from Mathgram, a name it received from being a center of Nath Sampradaya <a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Mathas</a> (monasteries). Nath yogis practiced yoga and pursued their beliefs there, living inside caves. The <a href="/wiki/Divar" title="Divar">Divar island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pilar,_Goa" title="Pilar, Goa">Pilar</a> rock-cut caves were used for meditation by the Nath yogis. In the later half of the 16th century, they were persecuted for their religious beliefs and forced to convert by the Portuguese Christian missionaries. Except for few, the Nath yogi chose to abandon the village.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMitragotri1999117,_240–244_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMitragotri1999117,_240–244-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_lineages">Contemporary lineages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Contemporary lineages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Inchegeri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Inchegeri Sampradaya">Inchegeri Sampradaya</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Inchegeri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Inchegeri Sampradaya">Inchegeri Sampradaya</a>, also known as Nimbargi Sampradaya, is a lineage of Hindu Navnath teachers from <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> which was started by Shri Bhausaheb Maharaj.<sup id="cite_ref-ShantiKuteer_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShantiKuteer-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is inspired by <a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a> teachers as <a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namdev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Raidas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kabir_Das" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabir Das">Kabir</a>. The Inchegeri Sampraday has become well-known through the popularity of <a href="/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj" title="Nisargadatta Maharaj">Nisargadatta Maharaj</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Practices">Practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg/330px-Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg/495px-Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg/660px-Three_Aspects_of_The_Absolute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption><i>Three Aspects of The Absolute</i>, miniature by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulaki (page does not exist)">Bulaki</a> from the manuscript of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shri_Nath_Charit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shri Nath Charit (page does not exist)">Shri Nath Charit</a>, definitive text of the Nath yogis. <a href="/wiki/Jodhpur" title="Jodhpur">Jodhpur</a>, 1823. <a href="/wiki/Mehrangarh" title="Mehrangarh">Mehrangarh</a> Museum Trust</figcaption></figure> <p>The Nath tradition has two branches, one consisting of sadhus (celibate monks) and other married householder laypeople. The householders are significantly more in number than monks and have the characteristics of an endogamous caste.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Nath sadhus and householders are found in Nepal and India, but more so in regions such as West Bengal, Nepal, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Karnataka. The ascetics created an oversight organization called the <i>Barah Panthi</i> Yogi Mahasabha in 1906, based in the Hindu sacred town of <a href="/wiki/Haridwar" title="Haridwar">Haridwar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to an estimate by Bouillier in 2008, there are about 10,000 ascetics (predominantly males) in the Nath ascetic order, distributed in about 500 monasteries across India but mostly in northern and western regions of India, along with a much larger householder Nath tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oldest known monastery of the Naths that continues to be in use, is near <a href="/wiki/Mangalore" title="Mangalore">Mangalore</a>, in Karnataka.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This monastery (Kadri <a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">matha</a>) houses Shaiva iconography from the 10th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A notable feature of the monks is that most of them are itinerant, moving from one monastery or location to another, never staying in the same place for long.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many form a floating group of wanderers, where they participate in festivals together, share work and thus form a collective identity. They gather in certain places cyclically, particularly on festivals such as Navaratri, Maha Shivaratri and Kumbh Mela. Many walk very long distances over a period of months from one sacred location to another, across India, in their spiritual pursuits.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408_27-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–408-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nath monks wear loin cloths and <i>dhotis</i>, little else. Typically they also cover themselves with ashes, tie up their hair in dreadlocks, and when they stop walking, they keep a sacred fire called dhuni.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These ritual dressing, covering body with ash, and the body art are, however, uncommon with the householders. Both the Nath monks and householders wear a woolen thread around their necks with a small horn, rudraksha bead and a ring attached to the thread. This is called <i>Singnad Janeu</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The small horn is important to their religious practice, is blown during certain festivals, rituals and before they eat. Many Nath monks and a few householders also wear notable earrings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–410_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–410-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those Nath ascetics who do tantra, include smoking cannabis in flower (marijuana) or resin (charas, hashish) as an offering to Shiva, as part of their practice.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tradition is traditionally known for hatha yoga and tantra, but in contemporary times, the assiduous practice of hatha yoga and tantra is uncommon among the Naths. In some monasteries, the ritual worship is to goddesses and to their gurus such as Adinatha (Shiva), Matsyendranatha and Gorakhshanatha, particularly through bhajan and kirtans. They greet each other with <i>ades</i> (pronounced: "aadees").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson20121–2_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson20121–2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warrior_ascetics">Warrior ascetics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Warrior ascetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Yogis and Shaiva sampradayas such as Nath metamorphosed into a warrior ascetic group in the late medieval era, with one group calling itself <i>shastra-dharis</i> (keepers of scriptures) and the other <i>astra-dharis</i> (keepers of weapons).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERigopoulos199899–104,_218_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERigopoulos199899–104,_218-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter group grew and became particularly prominent during the Islamic period in South Asia, from about the 14th to 18th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gurus,_siddhas,_naths"><span id="Gurus.2C_siddhas.2C_naths"></span>Gurus, siddhas, naths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gurus, siddhas, naths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Navnath" class="mw-redirect" title="Navnath">Navnath</a></div> <p>The Nath tradition revere nine, twelve or more Nath gurus.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012409–411-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesRyan2006169–170,_308_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesRyan2006169–170,_308-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, nine Naths are revered in the Navnath Sampradaya.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBouchern.d._41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBouchern.d.-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nisargadatta_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nisargadatta-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most revered teachers across its various subtraditions are:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerntsen1988_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerntsen1988-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>The traditional <a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">gurus</a> of Naths </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Guru<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Depiction </th> <th>Alternate names </th> <th>Notability<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Adiguru </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhairava" title="Bhairava">Bhairava</a> </td> <td>Shiva is a pan-Hindu god </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Matsyendra" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendra">Matsyendra</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Mina, Macchandar, Macchaghna </td> <td>9th or 10th century yoga siddha, important to <a href="/wiki/Kaula_(Hinduism)" title="Kaula (Hinduism)">Kaula</a> tantra traditions, revered for his unorthodox experimentations </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goraksha" class="mw-redirect" title="Goraksha">Goraksha</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut,_ca.1715.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut%2C_ca.1715.jpg/100px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut%2C_ca.1715.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut%2C_ca.1715.jpg/150px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut%2C_ca.1715.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut%2C_ca.1715.jpg/200px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Gorakhnath_under_a_tree_outside_his_hut%2C_ca.1715.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1548" data-file-height="1209" /></a></span> </td> <td>Gorakh </td> <td>founder of monastic Nath Sampradaya, systematized yoga techniques, organization and monastery builder, <a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga">Hatha Yoga</a> texts attributed to him, known for his ideas on <i>nirguna bhakti</i>, 10th or 11th century </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jalandhara </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg/100px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg/150px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg/200px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024553.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="1380" /></a></span> </td> <td>Jalandhari, Hadipa, Jvalendra, Balnath, Balgundai </td> <td>13th century siddha (may be earlier), from Jalandhar (Punjab), particularly revered in <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a> regions </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kanha_(poet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanha (poet)">Kanhapa</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Kanhu, Kaneri, Krishnapada, Karnaripa, Krishnacharya </td> <td>10th century siddha, from Bengal region, revered by a distinct sub-tradition within the Natha people </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caurangi </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari,_ca.1715.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari%2C_ca.1715.jpg/100px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari%2C_ca.1715.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari%2C_ca.1715.jpg/150px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari%2C_ca.1715.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari%2C_ca.1715.jpg/200px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Caurangi_Nath_and_Siddha_Kesari%2C_ca.1715.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="1150" /></a></span> </td> <td>Sarangadhara, Puran Bhagat </td> <td>a son of King Devapala of Bengal who renounced, revered in the northwest such as the Punjab region, a shrine to him is in Sialkot (now in Pakistan) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Carpath </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath,_ca.1715.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath%2C_ca.1715.jpg/100px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath%2C_ca.1715.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath%2C_ca.1715.jpg/150px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath%2C_ca.1715.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath%2C_ca.1715.jpg/200px-Illustrated_manuscript_depiction_of_Charpath_Nath%2C_ca.1715.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1434" data-file-height="1268" /></a></span> </td> <td> <p>Charpath </p> </td> <td>lived in the <a href="/wiki/Chamba,_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Chamba, Himachal Pradesh">Chamba</a> region of the Himalayas, Himachal Pradesh, championed <a href="/wiki/Avadhuta_Gita" title="Avadhuta Gita">Avadhuta</a>, taught that outer rituals do not matter, emphasized inner state of an individual </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bhart%E1%B9%9Bhari" title="Bhartṛhari">Bhartrihari</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg/100px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg/150px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg/199px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024558.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1438" data-file-height="1456" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td>king of <a href="/wiki/Ujjain" title="Ujjain">Ujjain</a> who renounced his kingdom to become a <a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">yogi</a>, a scholar </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gopichand </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg/100px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg/150px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg/200px-Hindi_Manuscript_884_Wellcome_L0024559.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1494" data-file-height="1402" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td>son of the Queen of Bengal who renounced, influential on other Indian religions </td></tr> <tr> <td>Revannath </td> <td> </td> <td>Hajji Ratan </td> <td>a 13th-century siddha (may be earlier), revered in medieval Nepal and Punjab, cherished by both Naths and <a href="/wiki/Sufis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufis">Sufis</a> of north India </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dharamnath </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>a 15th-century <a href="/wiki/Siddha" title="Siddha">siddha</a> revered in Gujarat, founded a monastery in <a href="/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a> region, legends credit him to have made Kutch region liveable </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mastnath </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>founded a monastery in <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>, an 18th-century siddha </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Matsyendranatha">Matsyendranatha</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Matsyendranatha"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg/220px-A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg/330px-A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg/440px-A_Matsyendra_Macchendranath_Temple_Nath_Shaivism_Avalokiteshvara_Buddhism_Nepal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5520" data-file-height="3680" /></a><figcaption>A Matsyendra (Macchendranath) Temple in Nepal, revered by both Buddhists and Hindus.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaran2012200_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaran2012200-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Matsyendranatha" title="Matsyendranatha">Matsyendranatha</a></div> <p>The establishment of the Naths as a distinct historical sect purportedly began around the 8th or 9th century with a simple fisherman, <a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a> (sometimes called Minanath, who may be identified with or called the father of Matsyendranatha in some sources).<sup id="cite_ref-White_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of earliest known Hatha text <i>Kaula Jnana Nirnaya</i> is attributed to Matsyendra, and dated to the last centuries of the 1st millennium CE.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other texts attributed to him include the <i>Akulavira tantra</i>, <i>Kulananda tantra</i> and <i>Jnana karika</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gorakshanatha">Gorakshanatha</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gorakshanatha"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gorakhnath" title="Gorakhnath">Gorakhnath</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gorakshanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorakshanath">Gorakshanatha</a> is considered a <i>Maha-yogi</i> (or great yogi) in the Hindu tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-banerjeagn23_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banerjeagn23-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the Nath tradition, he has been a revered figure, with Nath hagiography describing him as a superhuman who appeared on earth several times.<sup id="cite_ref-briggs229_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-briggs229-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">matha</a> and the city of <a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur" title="Gorakhpur">Gorakhpur</a> in Uttar Pradesh is named after him. The <a href="/wiki/Gurkhas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurkhas">Gurkhas</a> of Nepal and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Gorkha" title="Indian Gorkha">Indian Gorkha</a> take their name after him, as does <a href="/wiki/Gorkha_District" title="Gorkha District">Gorkha</a>, a historical district of Nepal. The monastery and the temple in Gorakhpur perform various cultural and social activities and serves as the cultural hub of the city, and publishes texts on the philosophy of Gorakhnath.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBanerjea1983_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBanerjea1983-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gorakshanatha did not emphasize a specific metaphysical theory or a particular Truth, but emphasized that the search for Truth and spiritual life is valuable and a normal goal of man.<sup id="cite_ref-banerjeagn23_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banerjeagn23-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gorakshanatha championed <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a>, spiritual discipline and an ethical life of <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> as a means to reaching siddha state, <a href="/wiki/Samadhi" title="Samadhi">samadhi</a> and one's own spiritual truths.<sup id="cite_ref-banerjeagn23_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banerjeagn23-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gorakshanatha, his ideas and yogis have been highly popular in rural India, with monasteries and temples dedicated to him found across the country, particularly in the eponymous city of <a href="/wiki/Gorakhpur" title="Gorakhpur">Gorakhpur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-whitesiddhayogi7_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitesiddhayogi7-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lorenzenmunozx_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lorenzenmunozx-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas among urban elites, the movement founded by Gorakhnath has been ridiculed.<sup id="cite_ref-whitesiddhayogi7_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitesiddhayogi7-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aims">Aims</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Muller-Ortega (1989: p. 37), the primary aim of the ancient Nath Siddhas was to achieve liberation or <i><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">jivan-mukti</a></i> while alive, and ultimately "paramukti" which it defined as the state of liberation in the current life and into a divine state upon death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–38_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–38-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Natha Sampradaya is an initiatory <a href="/wiki/Guru-shishya_tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Guru-shishya tradition">Guru-shishya tradition</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to contemporary Nath Guru, Mahendranath, another aim is to avoid reincarnation. In <i>The Magick Path of Tantra</i>, he wrote about several of the aims of the Naths: </p> <blockquote><p>Our aims in life are to enjoy peace, freedom, and happiness in this life, but also to avoid rebirth onto this Earth plane. All this depends not on divine benevolence, but on the way we ourselves think and act.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hatha_yoga">Hatha yoga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Hatha yoga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest texts on <a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a> of the Naths, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Vivekam%C4%81rta%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Da" title="Vivekamārtaṇḍa">Vivekamārtaṇḍa</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Goraksha_Sataka" class="mw-redirect" title="Goraksha Sataka">Gorakhshasataka</a></i>, are from <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, and these manuscripts are likely from the 13th century. These Nath texts, however, have an overlap with the 13th century <a href="/wiki/Jnanadeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Jnanadeva">Jnanadeva</a> commentary on the Hindu scripture <a href="/wiki/Bhagavada_Gita" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavada Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a>, called the Jnanesvari. This may be because of mutual influence, as both the texts integrate the teachings of <a href="/wiki/Yoga_(philosophy)" title="Yoga (philosophy)">Yoga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> schools of Hinduism in a similar way.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012411–415_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012411–415-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Numerous technical treatises in the Hindu tradition, composed in Sanskrit about Hatha Yoga, are attributed to <a href="/wiki/Gorakhnath" title="Gorakhnath">Gorakshanatha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hatha Yoga ideas that developed in the Nath tradition influenced and were adopted by <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a>, though some esoteric practices such as <i>kechari-mudra</i> were omitted.<sup id="cite_ref-singleton28_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singleton28-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their yoga ideas were also influential on Vaishnavism traditions such as the <a href="/wiki/Ramanandi_Sampradaya" title="Ramanandi Sampradaya">Ramanandis</a>, as well as Sufi fakirs in the Indian subcontinent.<sup id="cite_ref-singleton28_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singleton28-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-beck117_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beck117-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Naths recruited devotees into their fold irrespective of their religion or caste, converting Muslim yogins to their fold.<sup id="cite_ref-singleton28_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singleton28-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch200610–11_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch200610–11-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nath tradition was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Bhakti_movement" title="Bhakti movement">Bhakti movement</a> saints such as <a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namdev</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jnanadeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Jnanadeva">Jnanadeva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-beck117_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beck117-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lorenzen2011xi_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lorenzen2011xi-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShukla-Bhatt2015271_note_34_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShukla-Bhatt2015271_note_34-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caste_system">Caste system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Caste system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Siddha-siddhanta-paddhati</i> (SSP) by <i><a href="/wiki/Gorakhnath" title="Gorakhnath">Goraksanatha</a></i> is a key text for the <i>nathayogis</i>. It explores their philosophy, the concept of the Absolute, the universe from their perspective, and the traits of an <i>avadhutayogi</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Goraksanatha</i> rejects the traditional four-class system (<i><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">caturvarna</a></i>) of <i><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">brahmanas</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">ksatriyas</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">vaisyas</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">sudras</a></i>, which are defined by their respective qualities of <i>sadācāra - सदाचार</i> (good conduct) , <i>śaurya - शौर्य</i> (bravery) , <i>vyavasāya - व्यवसाय</i> (trade and commerce) , and <i>sevā - सेवा</i> (service). Instead, he introduces sixty-four additional classes based on the practice of sixty-four <i>kalas</i> (arts). As a <a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">yogi</a>, he believes in an inclusive order that goes beyond these class distinctions.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>sadacara-tattve brahmana vasanti | saurya ksatriyah | vyavasaye vaisyah | seva-bhave sudrah | catuh-sasti-kalasvapi catuh-sasti-varnah ||</i><br />Good conduct signifies <i>brahmanas</i>, bravery <i>ksatriyas</i>, trade and commerce <i>vaisyas</i>, service <i>sudras</i> and the sixty-four arts sixty-four (additional) <i>varnas</i>.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Chapter III: Verse 6</cite></div></blockquote><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>na vidhir-naiva varnas-ca na varjyavarjya-kalpana | na bhedo nidhanam kincin-nasaucam nodaka-kriya ||<br />yogisvaresvarasyaivam nitya-trptasya yoginah | cit-svatma-sukha-visrantibhava-labdhasya punyatah ||</i><br />To an eminent <i>yogi</i> who is ever contented and who has attained the state of bliss of consciousness by his own merit, to that lord of the <i>yogis</i> there are no (binding) injunctions, no (distinction of) <i>varna</i>, no (conception of) prohibition and non-prohibition, no distinction (of any sort), no death or impurity, nor any libation (enjoined).</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Chapter V: Verses 53-54</cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Naths">Notable Naths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notable Naths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adityanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Adityanath">Adityanath</a> – the abbot of the <a href="/wiki/Gorakhnath_Math" title="Gorakhnath Math">Gorakhnath Math</a><sup id="cite_ref-White_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhinatha_Veylanswami" title="Bodhinatha Veylanswami">Bodhinatha Veylanswami</a> – Sannyasin and <a href="/wiki/Satguru" title="Satguru">Satguru</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nandinatha_Sampradaya" title="Nandinatha Sampradaya">Nandinatha Sampradaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagangiri_Maharaj" title="Gagangiri Maharaj">Gagangiri Maharaj</a> - a yogi of Nath and <a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Datta</a> sampradayas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satguru_Sivaya_Subramuniyaswami" class="mw-redirect" title="Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami">Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami</a> – a past guru of the Nandinatha Sampradaya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Madhavnath_Maharaj" title="Shri Madhavnath Maharaj">Shri Madhavnath Maharaj</a> (1857–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalangi_Nathar" title="Kalangi Nathar">Kalangi Nathar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurunath" title="Gurunath">Gurunath</a> – Spiritual title given to a householder Nath Guru</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahaja" title="Sahaja">Sahaja</a> – Spontaneous enlightenment in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarasa" title="Samarasa">Samarasa</a> – Sanskrit term meaning 'one taste'</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a> – Veda of melodies and chants</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svecchacara" title="Svecchacara">Svecchachara</a> – Sanskrit term meaning 'acting as one likes'</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 28em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-JonesRyan2006p308-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p308_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p308_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JonesRyan2006p308_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJonesRyan2006">Jones & Ryan 2006</a>, p. 308</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNesbitt2014">Nesbitt 2014</a>, pp. 360–361</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannatha-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannatha_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannatha_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Natha">Natha: Indian religious sect</a>, Encyclopedia Britannica (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mallinson_2011_p407-428-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mallinson_2011_p407-428_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17972/1/Nath%20Sampradaya.FP.pdf">Mallinson, James (2011) 'Nāth Saṃpradāya.' In: Brill Encyclopedia of Hinduism Vol. 3. 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class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRigopoulos1998">Rigopoulos 1998</a>, pp. 99–104, 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELorenzen197861-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELorenzen197861_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzen1978">Lorenzen 1978</a>, p. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lorenzen2011p5-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lorenzen2011p5_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2011">Lorenzen & Muñoz 2011</a>, pp. 4–5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-singleton28-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-singleton28_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singleton28_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singleton28_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singleton28_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+Salcete%27s+mighty+Mathgram&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fgoa%2Fthe-evolution-of-salcetes-mighty-mathgram%2Farticleshow%2F57833009.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMitragotri1999117,_240–244-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMitragotri1999117,_240–244_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMitragotri1999">Mitragotri 1999</a>, pp. 117, 240–244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShantiKuteer-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ShantiKuteer_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181020004254/http://www.shantikuteer.org/page.php?pi=21">"ShantiKuteer Ashram, <i>Bhausaheb Maharaj</i>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shantikuteer.org/page.php?pi=21">the original</a> on 20 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ShantiKuteer+Ashram%2C+Bhausaheb+Maharaj&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shantikuteer.org%2Fpage.php%3Fpi%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–409_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMallinson2012">Mallinson 2012</a>, pp. 407–409.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012413–417_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMallinson2012">Mallinson 2012</a>, pp. 413–417.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson20121–2-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson20121–2_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMallinson2012">Mallinson 2012</a>, pp. 1–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBouchern.d.-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBouchern.d._41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBouchern.d.">Boucher n.d</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nisargadatta-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nisargadatta_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150223050723/http://nisargadatta.org/pages/navnath_sampradaya.html">"Navnath Sampradaya"</a>. <i>Nisargadatta Maharaj</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nisargadatta.org/pages/navnath_sampradaya.html">the original</a> on 23 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nisargadatta+Maharaj&rft.atitle=Navnath+Sampradaya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnisargadatta.org%2Fpages%2Fnavnath_sampradaya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerntsen1988-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerntsen1988_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerntsen1988">Berntsen 1988</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMallinson2012407–420_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMallinson2012">Mallinson 2012</a>, pp. 407–420.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaran2012200-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaran2012200_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaran2012">Saran 2012</a>, p. 200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRosen2012">Rosen 2012</a>, pp. 263–264</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBagchiMagee1986">Bagchi & Magee 1986</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (January 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2011">Lorenzen & Muñoz 2011</a>, p. 211</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-banerjeagn23-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-banerjeagn23_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-banerjeagn23_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-banerjeagn23_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBanerjea1983">Banerjea 1983</a>, pp. 23–25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-briggs229-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-briggs229_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriggs2009">Briggs 2009</a>, p. 229</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBanerjea1983-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBanerjea1983_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBanerjea1983">Banerjea 1983</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-whitesiddhayogi7-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-whitesiddhayogi7_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whitesiddhayogi7_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhite2012">White 2012</a>, pp. 7–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lorenzenmunozx-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lorenzenmunozx_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLorenzenMuñoz2011">Lorenzen & Muñoz 2011</a>, pp. x–xi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–38-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuller-Ortega201036–38_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMuller-Ortega2010">Muller-Ortega 2010</a>, pp. 36–38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mahendranath (1990), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mahendranath.org/magickpath.mhtml">The Magick Path of Tantra</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchomerMcLeod1987">Schomer & McLeod 1987</a>, pp. 70–71 with footnotes</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPinch200610–11-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPinch200610–11_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPinch2006">Pinch 2006</a>, pp. 10–11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShukla-Bhatt2015271_note_34-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShukla-Bhatt2015271_note_34_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShukla-Bhatt2015">Shukla-Bhatt 2015</a>, p. 271 note 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorakṣanātha_HeiligerPaiGorakṣanātha_Heiliger2005" class="citation book cs1">Gorakṣanātha Heiliger; Pai, G. K.; Gorakṣanātha Heiliger (2005). Gharote, M. L. (ed.). <i>Siddhasiddhāntapaddhatiḥ: a treatise on the Nātha Philosophy</i>. Lonavla Yoga Institute. Lonavla: Lonavla Yoga Institute India. pp. vi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-901617-1-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-901617-1-8"><bdi>978-81-901617-1-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Siddhasiddh%C4%81ntapaddhati%E1%B8%A5%3A+a+treatise+on+the+N%C4%81tha+Philosophy&rft.place=Lonavla&rft.pages=vi&rft.pub=Lonavla+Yoga+Institute+India&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-81-901617-1-8&rft.au=Gorak%E1%B9%A3an%C4%81tha+Heiliger&rft.au=Pai%2C+G.+K.&rft.au=Gorak%E1%B9%A3an%C4%81tha+Heiliger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorakṣanātha_HeiligerPaiGorakṣanātha_Heiliger2005" class="citation book cs1">Gorakṣanātha Heiliger; Pai, G. K.; Gorakṣanātha Heiliger (2005). Gharote, M. L. (ed.). <i>Siddhasiddhāntapaddhatiḥ: a treatise on the Nātha Philosophy</i>. Lonavla Yoga Institute. Lonavla: Lonavla Yoga Institute India. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-901617-1-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-901617-1-8"><bdi>978-81-901617-1-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Siddhasiddh%C4%81ntapaddhati%E1%B8%A5%3A+a+treatise+on+the+N%C4%81tha+Philosophy&rft.place=Lonavla&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Lonavla+Yoga+Institute+India&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-81-901617-1-8&rft.au=Gorak%E1%B9%A3an%C4%81tha+Heiliger&rft.au=Pai%2C+G.+K.&rft.au=Gorak%E1%B9%A3an%C4%81tha+Heiliger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagchiMagee1986" class="citation book cs1">Bagchi, Prabodh Chandra; Magee, Michael (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O0sdAAAAMAAJ"><i>Kaulajnana-nirnaya of the school of Matsyendranatha</i></a>. Prachya Prakashan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kaulajnana-nirnaya+of+the+school+of+Matsyendranatha&rft.pub=Prachya+Prakashan&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Bagchi&rft.aufirst=Prabodh+Chandra&rft.au=Magee%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO0sdAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanerjea1983" class="citation book cs1">Banerjea, Akshaya Kumar (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ljn1koKa0CQC"><i>Philosophy of Gorakhnath with Goraksha-Vacana-Sangraha</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0534-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0534-7"><bdi>978-81-208-0534-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophy+of+Gorakhnath+with+Goraksha-Vacana-Sangraha&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0534-7&rft.aulast=Banerjea&rft.aufirst=Akshaya+Kumar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLjn1koKa0CQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2012" class="citation book cs1">Beck, Guy L. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K0XqbG0LKBUC"><i>Alternative Krishnas: Regional and Vernacular Variations on a Hindu Deity</i></a>. State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-8341-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-8341-1"><bdi>978-0-7914-8341-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alternative+Krishnas%3A+Regional+and+Vernacular+Variations+on+a+Hindu+Deity&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-8341-1&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Guy+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK0XqbG0LKBUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerntsen1988" class="citation book cs1">Berntsen, Maxine, and Eleanor Zelliot (1988). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/experienceofhind00zell/page/338"><i>The Experience of Hinduism: Essays on Religion in Maharashtra</i></a></span>. Albany, N.Y: State University of New York Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/experienceofhind00zell/page/338">338</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88706-662-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-88706-662-3"><bdi>0-88706-662-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Experience+of+Hinduism%3A+Essays+on+Religion+in+Maharashtra&rft.place=Albany%2C+N.Y&rft.pages=338&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-88706-662-3&rft.aulast=Berntsen&rft.aufirst=Maxine%2C+and+Eleanor+Zelliot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fexperienceofhind00zell%2Fpage%2F338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBouchern.d." class="citation web cs1">Boucher, Cathy (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160127101611/http://www.nisargadatta.net/Navnath_Sampradaya.html">"The Lineage of Nine Gurus. The Navnath Sampradaya and Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nisargadatta.net/Navnath_Sampradaya.html">the original</a> on 27 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lineage+of+Nine+Gurus.+The+Navnath+Sampradaya+and+Sri+Nisargadatta+Maharaj&rft.aulast=Boucher&rft.aufirst=Cathy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnisargadatta.net%2FNavnath_Sampradaya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: year">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs2009" class="citation book cs1">Briggs (2009) [1938]. <i>Gorakhnath and the Kanphata Yogis</i> (6th ed.). 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Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-974598-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-974598-2"><bdi>978-0-19-974598-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoga+Body%3A+The+Origins+of+Modern+Posture+Practice&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-974598-2&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtUgBIrn5REwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStorl2004" class="citation book cs1">Storl, Wolf-Dieter (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Dvo9ScSbz0IC"><i>Shiva: The Wild God of Power and Ecstasy</i></a>. Inner Traditions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59477-780-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59477-780-6"><bdi>978-1-59477-780-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shiva%3A+The+Wild+God+of+Power+and+Ecstasy&rft.pub=Inner+Traditions&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-59477-780-6&rft.aulast=Storl&rft.aufirst=Wolf-Dieter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDvo9ScSbz0IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThapar2008" class="citation book cs1">Thapar, Romila (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZZ8T8tZc4YC"><i>Somanatha</i></a>. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-306468-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-306468-8"><bdi>978-0-14-306468-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somanatha&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-14-306468-8&rft.aulast=Thapar&rft.aufirst=Romila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3ZZ8T8tZc4YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Gordon_White" title="David Gordon White">White, David Gordon</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pQuqAAAAQBAJ"><i>The Alchemical Body: Siddha Traditions in Medieval India</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-14934-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-14934-9"><bdi>978-0-226-14934-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Alchemical+Body%3A+Siddha+Traditions+in+Medieval+India&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-226-14934-9&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=David+Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpQuqAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhatnagar2012" class="citation book cs1">Bhatnagar, V. S. (2012). <i>The Nātha philosophy and Ashṭāṅga-yoga</i>. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8177421200" title="Special:BookSources/978-8177421200"><bdi>978-8177421200</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+N%C4%81tha+philosophy+and+Ash%E1%B9%AD%C4%81%E1%B9%85ga-yoga&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Aditya+Prakashan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-8177421200&rft.aulast=Bhatnagar&rft.aufirst=V.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoucher" class="citation web cs1">Boucher, Cathy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130624173930/http://www.abideinself.com/inchegeri-sampraday.php">"The Navnath Sampradaya and Shree Nisargadatta Maharaj"</a>. <i>Abideinself.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abideinself.com/inchegeri-sampraday.php">the original</a> on 24 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abideinself.com&rft.atitle=The+Navnath+Sampradaya+and+Shree+Nisargadatta+Maharaj&rft.aulast=Boucher&rft.aufirst=Cathy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abideinself.com%2Finchegeri-sampraday.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMageen.d." class="citation web cs1">Magee, Mike (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shivashakti.com/jogi.htm">"Jogis"</a>. <i>Shivashakti.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shivashakti.com&rft.atitle=Jogis&rft.aulast=Magee&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shivashakti.com%2Fjogi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahendranath1990" class="citation web cs1">Mahendranath, Shri Gurudev (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607163140/http://www.mahendranath.org/">"The Scrolls of Mahendranath"</a>. <i>Mahendranath.org</i>. International Nath Order. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mahendranath.org/">the original</a> on 7 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mahendranath.org&rft.atitle=The+Scrolls+of+Mahendranath&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Mahendranath&rft.aufirst=Shri+Gurudev&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mahendranath.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahendranathn.d." class="citation web cs1">Mahendranath, Shri Gurudev (n.d.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101128094531/http://www.mahendranath.org/~kapil/tantrikguru2.html">"The Tantrik Initiation"</a>. <i>The Occult World of a Tantrik Guru</i>. International Nath Order. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mahendranath.org/~kapil/tantrikguru2.html">the original</a> on 28 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Occult+World+of+a+Tantrik+Guru&rft.atitle=The+Tantrik+Initiation&rft.aulast=Mahendranath&rft.aufirst=Shri+Gurudev&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mahendranath.org%2F~kapil%2Ftantrikguru2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANatha+Sampradaya" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natha_Sampradaya&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hatha_yoga" title="Template:Hatha yoga"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hatha_yoga" title="Template talk:Hatha yoga"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hatha_yoga" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hatha yoga"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hatha_yoga" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subtle_body" title="Subtle body">Subtle body</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Bodies_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Bodies Doctrine">Three bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosha" title="Kosha">Five sheaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakra" title="Chakra">Chakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadi_(yoga)" title="Nadi (yoga)">Nadi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sushumna" class="mw-redirect" title="Sushumna">Sushumna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prana" title="Prana">Prana</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mayurasana, in the Jogapradipika, 1830" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg/80px-Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg/120px-Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg/160px-Jogapradipika_16_Mayurasana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="467" data-file-height="835" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Texts<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_asanas" title="List of asanas">Asanas</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ancient <a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">meditation</a> seats <i><a href="/wiki/Darshana_Upanishad" title="Darshana Upanishad">Darshana Upanishad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81ta%C3%B1jalayoga%C5%9B%C4%81stravivara%E1%B9%87a" class="mw-redirect" title="Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa">Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gorakhnath" title="Gorakhnath">Goraksha Sataka</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gomukhasana" title="Gomukhasana">Gomukhasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muktasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Muktasana">Muktasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_position" title="Lotus position">Padmasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhasana" title="Siddhasana">Siddhasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simhasana" title="Simhasana">Simhasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopasrayasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Sopasrayasana">Sopasrayasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukhasana">Sukhasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svastikasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Svastikasana">Svastikasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virasana" title="Virasana">Virasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Ancient non-meditation <i><a href="/wiki/Ahirbudhnya_Sa%E1%B9%83hit%C4%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā">Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81ta%C3%B1jalayoga%C5%9B%C4%81stravivara%E1%B9%87a" class="mw-redirect" title="Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa">Pātañjalayogaśāstravivaraṇa</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dandasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dandasana">Dandasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurmasana" title="Kurmasana">Kurmasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>c. 7th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Ahirbudhnya_Samhita" title="Ahirbudhnya Samhita">Ahirbudhnya Samhita</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kukkutasana" title="Kukkutasana">Kukkutasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>c. 10th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Vimanarcanakalpa" title="Vimanarcanakalpa">Vimanarcanakalpa</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayurasana" title="Mayurasana">Mayurasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>c. 11th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Amritasiddhi" title="Amritasiddhi">Amritasiddhi</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Hemacandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemacandra">Hemachandra's <i>Yogashastra</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muktasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Muktasana">Muktasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirshasana" title="Shirshasana">Shirshasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>12th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Amaraugha" title="Amaraugha">Amaraugha</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li>13th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Dattatreya_Yoga_Shastra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dattatreya Yoga Shastra">Dattatreya Yoga Shastra</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Goraksha_Shataka" title="Goraksha Shataka">Goraksha Shataka</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vasishtha_Samhita" title="Vasishtha Samhita">Vasishtha Samhita</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vivekam%C4%81rta%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Da" title="Vivekamārtaṇḍa">Vivekamārtaṇḍa</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viparita_Karani" title="Viparita Karani">Viparita Karani</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>14th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Khecar%C4%ABvidy%C4%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Khecarīvidyā">Khecarīvidyā</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Samhita" title="Shiva Samhita">Shiva Samhita</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sharngadhara-paddhati" title="Sharngadhara-paddhati">Sharngadhara-paddhati</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Yogab%C4%ABja" title="Yogabīja">Yogabīja</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Yogat%C4%81r%C4%81val%C4%AB" title="Yogatārāvalī">Yogatārāvalī</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorakshasana" title="Gorakshasana">Gorakshasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschimottanasana" title="Paschimottanasana">Paschimottanasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>15th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga_Pradipika" title="Hatha Yoga Pradipika">Hatha Yoga Pradipika</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baddha_Konasana" title="Baddha Konasana">Baddha Konasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanurasana" title="Dhanurasana">Dhanurasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyendrasana" title="Matsyendrasana">Matsyendrasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utkatasana" title="Utkatasana">Utkatasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>17th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Gheranda_Samhita" title="Gheranda Samhita">Gheranda Samhita</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ha%E1%B9%ADha_Ratn%C4%81val%C4%AB" title="Haṭha Ratnāvalī">Hatha Ratnavali</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Yogacintamani" title="Yogacintamani">Yogacintamani</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bahr_al-Hay%C4%81t" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahr al-Hayāt">Bahr al-Hayāt</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakasana" title="Bakasana">Bakasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhujangasana" title="Bhujangasana">Bhujangasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kakasana">Kakasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraunchasana" title="Kraunchasana">Kraunchasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makarasana" title="Makarasana">Makarasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandukasana" title="Mandukasana">Mandukasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyasana" title="Matsyasana">Matsyasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vajrasana_(yoga)" title="Vajrasana (yoga)">Vajrasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrikshasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Vrikshasana">Vrikshasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>18th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Ha%E1%B9%ADh%C4%81bhy%C4%81sapaddhati" title="Haṭhābhyāsapaddhati">Hathabhyasa-paddhati</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Joga_Prad%C4%ABpik%C4%81" title="Joga Pradīpikā">Joga Pradipika</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Handstand" title="Handstand">Adho Mukha Vrikshasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>19th C. <i><a href="/wiki/Sritattvanidhi" title="Sritattvanidhi">Sritattvanidhi</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akarna_Dhanurasana" title="Akarna Dhanurasana">Akarna Dhanurasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhairavasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhairavasana">Bhairavasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durvasasana" title="Durvasasana">Durvasasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garudasana" title="Garudasana">Garudasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halasana" title="Halasana">Halasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navasana" title="Navasana">Navasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashasana">Pashasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setu_Bandha_Sarvangasana" title="Setu Bandha Sarvangasana">Setu Bandha Sarvangasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittibhasana" title="Tittibhasana">Tittibhasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdhva_Dhanurasana" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdhva Dhanurasana">Urdhva Dhanurasana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Late <ul><li>1905 <i><a href="/wiki/Yogasopana_Purvacatuska" title="Yogasopana Purvacatuska">Yogasopana Purvacatuska</a></i></li> <li>1943 <i><a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga:_The_Report_of_A_Personal_Experience" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga: The Report of A Personal Experience">Hatha Yoga: The Report of A Personal Experience</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mudra#Yogic_mudrās" title="Mudra">Mudras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahamudra_(Hatha_Yoga)" title="Mahamudra (Hatha Yoga)">Mahamudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Bandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Maha Bandha">Maha Bandha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalandhara_Bandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalandhara Bandha">Jalandhara Bandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_Bandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula Bandha">Mula Bandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uddiyana_Bandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Uddiyana Bandha">Uddiyana Bandha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viparita_Karani" title="Viparita Karani">Viparita Karani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khecar%C4%AB_mudr%C4%81" title="Khecarī mudrā">Khechari mudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vajroli_mudra" title="Vajroli mudra">Vajroli mudra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shatkarma" title="Shatkarma">Shatkarmas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhauti" title="Dhauti">Dhauti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basti_(hatha_yoga)" title="Basti (hatha yoga)">Basti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapalabhati" title="Kapalabhati">Kapalabhati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauli" title="Nauli">Nauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neti_(Hatha_Yoga)" title="Neti (Hatha Yoga)">Neti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C4%81%E1%B9%ADaka" title="Trāṭaka">Trataka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pranayama" title="Pranayama">Pranayama</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anuloma_pranayama" title="Anuloma pranayama">Anuloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhastrika" title="Bhastrika">Bhastrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhramari#Pranayama" title="Bhramari">Bhramari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbhaka" title="Kumbhaka">Kumbhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ujjayi" title="Ujjayi">Ujjayi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">Modern yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nath" class="mw-redirect" title="Nath">Nath</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roots_of_Yoga" title="Roots of Yoga">Roots of Yoga</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yoga as exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_using_props" title="Yoga using props">Yoga using props</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Medieval_Hatha_Yoga_asanas" title="Category:Medieval Hatha Yoga asanas">Category:Medieval Hatha Yoga asanas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shaivism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Shaivism_topics" title="Template:Shaivism topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Shaivism_topics" title="Template 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href="/wiki/Dakshinamurti" title="Dakshinamurti">Dakshinamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harihara" title="Harihara">Harihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishana" title="Ishana">Ishana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja" title="Nataraja">Nataraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadyojata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadyojata">Sadyojata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatpurusha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatpurusha">Tatpurusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamadeva" title="Vamadeva">Vamadeva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardhanarishvara" title="Ardhanarishvara">Ardhanarishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devasena" title="Devasena">Devasena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valli" title="Valli">Valli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandi_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nandi (mythology)">Nandi</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg/100px-India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg/150px-India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg/200px-India_statue_of_nataraja.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">Texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara Upanishad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shivarahasya_Purana" title="Shivarahasya Purana">Shivarahasya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Purana" title="Shiva Purana">Shiva Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Sutras_of_Vasugupta" title="Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta">Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">Mantra</a>/<a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Om_Namah_Shivaya" title="Om Namah Shivaya">Om Namah Shivaya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rudrashtakam" title="Rudrashtakam">Rudrashtakam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81mrityunjaya_Mantra" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahāmrityunjaya Mantra">Mahāmrityunjaya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Tandava_Stotra" title="Shiva Tandava Stotra">Shiva Tandava</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Sahasranama" title="Shiva Sahasranama">Sahasranama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Chalisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiv Chalisa">Chalisa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shri_Rudram" title="Shri Rudram">Shri Rudram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Mahimna_Stotra" title="Shiva Mahimna Stotra">Shiva Mahimna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hara_Hara_Mahadeva" title="Hara Hara Mahadeva">Hara Hara Mahadeva</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaiva_Siddhanta" title="Shaiva Siddhanta">Shaiva Siddhanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata Shaivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aghori" title="Aghori">Aghori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaula_(Hinduism)" title="Kaula (Hinduism)">Kaula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Shaivism" title="Kashmir Shaivism">Trika Shaivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" title="Lingayatism">Veera Shaivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddha_Siddhanta" title="Siddha Siddhanta">Siddha Siddhanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Advaita" title="Shiva Advaita">Shiva Advaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Shaiva Smartas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Festivals and observances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanwar_Yatra" title="Kanwar Yatra">Kanwar Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradosha" title="Pradosha">Pradosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Puja" title="Shiva Puja">Shiva Puja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shiva_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiva temple">Shiva temples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panch_Kedar" title="Panch Kedar">Panch Kedar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath_Temple" title="Kedarnath Temple">Kedarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungnath" title="Tungnath">Tungnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudranath" title="Rudranath">Rudranath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyamaheshwar" title="Madhyamaheshwar">Madhyamaheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpeshwar" title="Kalpeshwar">Kalpeshwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Sabhai" title="Pancha Sabhai">Pancha Sabhai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vadaranyeswarar_Temple" title="Sri Vadaranyeswarar Temple">Rathinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja_Temple,_Chidambaram" title="Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram">Pon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meenakshi_Temple" title="Meenakshi Temple">Velli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellaiappar_Temple" title="Nellaiappar Temple">Thamiram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukutralam" title="Thirukutralam">Chitiram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhuta_Sthalam" title="Pancha Bhuta Sthalam">Pancha Bhuta Sthalam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja_Temple,_Chidambaram" title="Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram">Chidambaram (Ether)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srikalahasteeswara_temple" title="Srikalahasteeswara temple">Tirukalahasti (Air)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachalesvara_Temple" title="Arunachalesvara Temple">Tiruvannamalai (Fire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambukeswarar_Temple,_Thiruvanaikaval" title="Jambukeswarar Temple, Thiruvanaikaval">Tiruvanaikaval (Water)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekambareswarar_Temple_(Kanchipuram)" title="Ekambareswarar Temple (Kanchipuram)">Kanchipuram (Earth)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jyotirlinga" title="Jyotirlinga">Jyotirlingas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhimashankar_Temple" title="Bhimashankar Temple">Bhimashankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grishneshwar_Temple" title="Grishneshwar Temple">Grishneshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath_Temple" title="Kedarnath Temple">Kedarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallikarjuna_Jyotirlinga" class="mw-redirect" title="Mallikarjuna Jyotirlinga">Mallikarjun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahakaleshwar_Jyotirlinga" title="Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga">Mahakaleshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nageshvara_Jyotirlinga" title="Nageshvara Jyotirlinga">Nageshvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omkareshwar_Temple" title="Omkareshwar Temple">Omkareshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanathaswamy_Temple" title="Ramanathaswamy Temple">Ramanathaswamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somnath_temple" title="Somnath temple">Somnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimbakeshwar_Shiva_Temple" title="Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple">Trimbakeshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaidyanath_Jyotirlinga" title="Vaidyanath Jyotirlinga">Vaidyanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashi_Vishwanath_Temple" title="Kashi Vishwanath Temple">Vishwanath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarnath_Temple" title="Amarnath Temple">Amarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brihadisvara_Temple,_Thanjavur" class="mw-redirect" title="Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur">Brihadeeswarar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Manasarovar" title="Lake Manasarovar">Kailash Mansarovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katas_Raj_Temples" title="Katas Raj Temples">Katas Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingaraja_Temple" title="Lingaraja Temple">Lingaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meenakshi_Temple" title="Meenakshi Temple">Meenakshi Sundareshwarar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardhanareeswarar_temple,_Tiruchengode" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardhanareeswarar temple, Tiruchengode">Tiruchengode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakkunnathan_Temple" title="Vadakkunnathan Temple">Vadakkum Nathan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lingam" title="Lingam">Lingam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rasalingam" title="Rasalingam">Rasalingam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddha" title="Siddha">Siddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibhuti" title="Vibhuti">Vibhuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Sahasranama" title="Shiva Sahasranama">Other names</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:Shaivism" 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