CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ms" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Sarkas - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mswikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Januari","Februari","Mac","April","Mei","Jun","Julai","Ogos","September","Oktober","November","Disember"],"wgRequestId":"8a7d1b22-ed8f-402b-a451-f386c3ffaf6c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Sarkas","wgTitle":"Sarkas","wgCurRevisionId":5821352,"wgRevisionId":5821352,"wgArticleId":206483,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list","Sarkas","Seni pentas"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ms","wgPageContentLanguage":"ms","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Sarkas","wgRelevantArticleId":206483,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode" :"ms","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ms"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":6000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q47928","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.charinsert-styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.teahouse","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.watchlist-notice","ext.gadget.DRN-wizard","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.gadget.MenuKedaiKopi","ext.gadget.mySandbox","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.featured-articles-links","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ms&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg/1200px-Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1874"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg/800px-Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1249"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg/640px-Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="999"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Sarkas - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ms.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarkas"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Sunting" href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ms)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ms.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarkas"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Suapan Atom Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Perubahan_terkini&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Sarkas rootpage-Sarkas skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pergi ke kandungan</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pandu arah </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Laman-Utama" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama"><span>Laman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Tinjau" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinjau"><span>Tinjau</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hal_semasa" title="Cari maklumat latar belakang mengenai peristiwa semasa"><span>Hal semasa</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Rawak" title="Muat laman rawak [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rencana rawak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Perhubungan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Tentang-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Gerbang-komuniti" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gerbang_Komuniti"><span>Gerbang komuniti</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_terkini" title="Senarai perubahan terkini dalam wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Menderma" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Menderma</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Tempat mencari jawapan"><span>Bantuan</span></a></li><li id="n-Kedai-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kedai_Kopi"><span>Kedai Kopi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ms.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Cari" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di wiki ini [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cari</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cari Wikipedia" aria-label="Cari Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di wiki ini [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Khas:Cari"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Alat peribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Tukar penampilan saiz, lebar dan warna fon laman" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Penampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Penampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms" class=""><span>Derma</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Sarkas" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib" class=""><span>Buka akaun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Sarkas" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ms.wikipedia.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Sarkas" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Sarkas" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Peristilahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peristilahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Peristilahan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peristilahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah_perkembangan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah_perkembangan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah perkembangan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah_perkembangan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Sejarah perkembangan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah_perkembangan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Circus_Maximus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circus_Maximus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Circus Maximus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circus_Maximus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philip_Astley_dan_peloporan_sarkas_moden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philip_Astley_dan_peloporan_sarkas_moden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Philip Astley dan peloporan sarkas moden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philip_Astley_dan_peloporan_sarkas_moden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acara_yang_ada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acara_yang_ada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Acara yang ada</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Acara_yang_ada-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Acara yang ada</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Acara_yang_ada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aksi_dari_manusia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aksi_dari_manusia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Aksi dari manusia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aksi_dari_manusia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aksi_dari_haiwan_terlatih" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aksi_dari_haiwan_terlatih"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Aksi dari haiwan terlatih</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aksi_dari_haiwan_terlatih-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Rujukan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sumber_utama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sumber_utama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sumber utama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sumber_utama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarkas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 72 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirkus" title="Sirkus – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sirkus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83" title="سيرك – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيرك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A7%D5%BD" title="Կրկէս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կրկէս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B" title="চাৰ্কাছ – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চাৰ্কাছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circu" title="Circu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Circu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirk" title="Sirk – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sirk" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirkus" title="Sirkus – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sirkus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="সার্কাস – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সার্কাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa-kh%C3%A0-suh" title="Sa-khà-suh – Cina Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sa-khà-suh" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Cina Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirk" title="Sirk – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sirk" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circ" title="Circ – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Circ" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkus" title="Cirkus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cirkus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrcas" title="Syrcas – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Syrcas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkus" title="Cirkus – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cirkus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirkus" title="Zirkus – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zirkus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsirkus" title="Tsirkus – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tsirkus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF" title="Τσίρκο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσίρκο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus" title="Circus – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Circus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circo" title="Circo – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Circo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirko" title="Cirko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cirko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirku" title="Zirku – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zirku" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="سیرک – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیرک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirque" title="Cirque – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cirque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorcas" title="Sorcas – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sorcas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circo" title="Circo – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Circo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%BB%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="서커스 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서커스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%BD" title="Կրկես – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կրկես" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8" title="सर्कस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सर्कस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkus" title="Cirkus – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cirkus" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirko" title="Cirko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cirko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circo" title="Circo – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Circo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A1" title="קרקס – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרקס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus_hodiernus" title="Circus hodiernus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Circus hodiernus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirks" title="Cirks – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cirks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkas" title="Cirkas – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cirkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkusz" title="Cirkusz – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cirkusz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="സർ‌ക്കസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സർ‌ക്കസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%83" title="سيرك – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيرك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2" title="ဆပ်ကပ်ပွဲ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆပ်ကပ်ပွဲ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakini" title="Sakini – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Sakini" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus_(attractie)" title="Circus (attractie) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Circus (attractie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9" title="サーカス – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サーカス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirkus" title="Sirkus – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sirkus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirkus" title="Sirkus – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sirkus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circ" title="Circ – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Circ" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="سرکس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سرکس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirke" title="Chirke – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Chirke" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circo" title="Circo – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Circo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circ" title="Circ – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Circ" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Ціркус – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ціркус" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Цирковая труппа – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цирковая труппа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱥ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circu" title="Circu – Sicili" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Circu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus" title="Circus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Circus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81" title="Циркус – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Циркус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkus" title="Cirkus – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cirkus" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirkus" title="Sirkus – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sirkus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirkus" title="Cirkus – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cirkus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirko_(pagtatanghal)" title="Sirko (pagtatanghal) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sirko (pagtatanghal)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="வட்டரங்கு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வட்டரங்கு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="సర్కస్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సర్కస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C" title="ละครสัตว์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ละครสัตว์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%E1%BA%BFc" title="Xiếc – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xiếc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirk" title="Sirk – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sirk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Циркові артисти – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Циркові артисти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="سرکس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سرکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circo" title="Circo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Circo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirko" title="Sirko – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sirko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%88%8F" title="马戏 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马戏" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1" title="צירקוס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צירקוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%88%B2%E5%9C%98" title="馬戲團 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬戲團" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%88%8F" title="马戏 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马戏" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47928#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sarkas" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan:Sarkas" rel="discussion" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sarkas"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sarkas"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Sarkas" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Sarkas" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&oldid=5821352" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Petik_laman_ini&page=Sarkas&id=5821352&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Maklumat tentang cara memetik laman ini"><span>Petik laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSarkas"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSarkas"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Sarkas"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Sarkas&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Circus" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47928" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg/250px-Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg/375px-Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg/500px-Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2228" data-file-height="3479" /></a><figcaption>Iklan untuk Sarkas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnum_%26_Bailey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnum & Bailey (laman tidak wujud)">Barnum & Bailey</a>, 1900.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sarkas</b> (<span style="font-size:85%;">Mal., Sin.</span>) atau <b>sirkus</b> (<span style="font-size:85%;">Ind.</span>) adalah suatu kelompok yang mempersembahkan pelbagai pertunjukan merangkumi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akrobat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akrobat (laman tidak wujud)">akrobat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jugel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jugel (laman tidak wujud)">jugel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badut" title="Badut">badut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Haiwan">haiwan</a> terlatih, <a href="/wiki/Silap_mata" title="Silap mata">ahli silap mata</a> <a href="/wiki/Lagak_ngeri" title="Lagak ngeri">pelagak ngeri</a> dan sebagainya untuk menghiburkan penonton ramai. </p><p>Pertunjukan-pertunjukan ini lazim diadakan dalam suatu binaan berupa tenda besar dengan tempat duduk melingkar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bujur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bujur (laman tidak wujud)">bujur</a> sekeliling ring utama; namun atraksi sirkus modern biasanya diadakan di dalam gedung-gedung besar juga, supaya tidak perlu adanya gangguan disebabkan cuaca; contohnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirque_de_Soleil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cirque de Soleil (laman tidak wujud)">Cirque de Soleil</a> di <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" class="mw-disambig" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peristilahan">Peristilahan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Peristilahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Peristilahan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kedua-dua perkataan "sarkas" (meminjam bahasa Inggeris) dan "sirkus" (meminjam bahasa Belanda) berakar daripada perkataan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a> <i>circus</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ia pula pinjaman <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">Bahasa Yunani</a> <i>κίρκος</i> <i>kirkos</i> terbitan <a href="/wiki/Metatesis_(linguistik)" title="Metatesis (linguistik)">metatesis</a> <i>κρίκος</i> <i>krikos</i> yang bererti "<a href="/wiki/Bulatan" title="Bulatan">bulatan</a>" atau "lingkaran".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Circus ini pula dipercayai merujuk kepada acara-acara sukan yang diadakan untuk hiburan ramai semasa zaman <a href="/wiki/Rom_purba" class="mw-redirect" title="Rom purba">Rom purba</a> yang turut diberi nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludi (laman tidak wujud)">ludi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah_perkembangan">Sejarah perkembangan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Sejarah perkembangan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sejarah perkembangan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Circus_Maximus">Circus Maximus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Circus Maximus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Circus Maximus"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sepertimana yang disebut, sarkas yang diketahui umum mula dikembangkan dalam Tamadun Romawi dengan adanya <a href="/wiki/Circus_Maximus" title="Circus Maximus">Circus Maximus</a> ("lingkaran besar") di pusat kota <a href="/wiki/Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma">Roma</a>, kawasan ini dibangunkan dengan lingkaran menempatkan banyak tempat duduk menampung ribuan orang penonton yang menyaksikan perlumbaan <a href="/wiki/Pedati" title="Pedati">pedati</a>, pelagak akrobatik malah kadangkala juga pertunjukan <a href="/wiki/Gladiator" title="Gladiator">gladiator</a>. </p><p>Penyebaran agama Kristian semakin lama semakin menjadikan hiburan ini tidak begitu disukai dan dijauhi sampai selewat abad ke-6. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philip_Astley_dan_peloporan_sarkas_moden">Philip Astley dan peloporan sarkas moden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Philip Astley dan peloporan sarkas moden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Philip Astley dan peloporan sarkas moden"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Astley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Astley (laman tidak wujud)">Philip Astley</a> merupakan seorang <a href="/wiki/Pasukan_berkuda" title="Pasukan berkuda">pegawai tentera berkuda</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Newcastle-under-Lyme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newcastle-under-Lyme (laman tidak wujud)">Newcastle-under-Lyme</a>, England yang mula membangunkan suatu lapangan khusus berupa <a href="/wiki/Amfiteater" class="mw-redirect" title="Amfiteater">amfiteater</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang memudahkan persembahan para <a href="/wiki/Berkuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkuda">penunggang berkuda</a> melakukan helah menarik di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lambeth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lambeth (laman tidak wujud)">Lambeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> pada 4 April 1768.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oed_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rekaan lokasi Astley dilihat unik melalui binaan ia yang melingkar membentuk bulatan berbanding rekaan-rekaan semasa lain yang cenderung melonjong pada ketika itu;<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> diameter lingkaran ini yang berukuran 42 kaki turut dijadian tetapan dipakai banyak sarkas sejak itu.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pelagak-pelagak seperti akrobat dan badut turut ditambah sejak temasya diadakan beliau tahun 1770 untuk mengisi kekosongan yang ada antara acara-acara utama.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acara_yang_ada">Acara yang ada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bahagian: Acara yang ada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Acara yang ada"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg/240px-Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg/360px-Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg/480px-Female_animal_trainer_and_leopard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3780" data-file-height="2949" /></a><figcaption>Penjinak <a href="/wiki/Harimau_bintang" title="Harimau bintang">harimau bintang</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aksi_dari_manusia">Aksi dari manusia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bahagian: Aksi dari manusia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Aksi dari manusia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrobatik" title="Akrobatik">Akrobatik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimnastik" title="Gimnastik">Gimnastik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trapez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trapez (laman tidak wujud)">Trapez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagak_ngeri" title="Lagak ngeri">Lagak ngeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silap_mata" title="Silap mata">Silap mata</a></li> <li>Menelan bahan-bahan berbahaya seperti pedang dan nyalaan api</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Badut" title="Badut">Badut</a> dilibatkan untuk mewujudkan suasana lucu dalam persembahan-persembahan ini melalui aksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slapstik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slapstik (laman tidak wujud)">slapstik</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aksi_dari_haiwan_terlatih">Aksi dari haiwan terlatih</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bahagian: Aksi dari haiwan terlatih" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Aksi dari haiwan terlatih"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Haiwan-haiwan yang digunakan dalam pertunjukan sering yang berjenis buas atau eksotik seperti <a href="/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah">gajah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beruang" title="Beruang">beruang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singa" title="Singa">singa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harimau" title="Harimau">harimau</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Himar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Himar (laman tidak wujud)">himar</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Unggas" title="Unggas">unggas</a>. </p><p>Perkara ini sering mendatangkan kontroversi daripada bagaimana haiwan-haiwan ini dijaga - ada sesetengah acara mengendalikan haiwan-haiwan tersebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekerasan_terhadap_haiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekerasan terhadap haiwan (laman tidak wujud)">dengan begitu kasar sehingga mencederakan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bandingkan: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dcircus">circus</a>, Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, <i>A Latin Dictionary</i>, di Perseus</li></ul> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFM._Philippa,_F._Debrabandere,_A._Quak,_T._Schoonheim_&_N._van_der_Sijs2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">M. Philippa, F. Debrabandere, A. Quak, T. Schoonheim & N. van der Sijs, penyunting (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/circus">"circus - (beesten- en acrobatenspel)"</a>. <i>Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands</i>. Amsterdam.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=circus+-+%28beesten-+en+acrobatenspel%29&rft.btitle=Etymologisch+Woordenboek+van+het+Nederlands&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymologiebank.nl%2Ftrefwoord%2Fcircus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ASarkas" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_editors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (laman tidak wujud)">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFKwik_Khing_Djoen1923" class="citation book cs1">Kwik Khing Djoen (1923). "circus (E dari L)". <i>Kitab Vortaro: Segala Perkatahan-Perkatahan Asing Jang Soeda Oemoem Di Goena Ken Di Dalem Soerat-Soerat Kabar Melayoe</i>. Batavia: Sin Po. m/s. 65. <q>...komedi koeda, satoe tempat jang boeder boeat pertoendjoekan roepa-roepa permaenan; satoe tempat boeat pertoendjoekan roepa-roepa kepandean menoenggang koeda.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=circus+%28E+dari+L%29&rft.btitle=Kitab+Vortaro%3A+Segala+Perkatahan-Perkatahan+Asing+Jang+Soeda+Oemoem+Di+Goena+Ken+Di+Dalem+Soerat-Soerat+Kabar+Melayoe&rft.place=Batavia&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Sin+Po&rft.date=1923&rft.au=Kwik+Khing+Djoen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ASarkas" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkri%2Fkos">krikos</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFStoddart2000" class="citation book cs1">Stoddart, Helen (2000). <i>Rings of Desire: Circus History and Representation</i>. Manchester: Manchester University Press. m/s. 13–15. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-0719052347" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-0719052347"><bdi>978-0719052347</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rings+of+Desire%3A+Circus+History+and+Representation&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pages=13-15&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0719052347&rft.aulast=Stoddart&rft.aufirst=Helen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ASarkas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marius Kwint, ‘Astley, Philip (1742–1814)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/821,">accessed 7 Jan 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFSpeaight1980" class="citation book cs1">Speaight, George (1980). <i>A History of the Circus</i>. London: Tantivy Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Circus&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Tantivy+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Speaight&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ASarkas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oed_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Oxford English Dictionary</i> lists the 1791 book <i>The History of the Royal Circus</i> about Philip Astley's troupe as the first written use of the word to describe the modern circus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/2929565.stm">"The circus comes to the Circus"</a>. BBC News. Retrieved December 13, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joe Nickell (2005). "Secrets of the sideshows". p.8. University Press of Kentucky, 2005</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sumber_utama">Sumber utama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bahagian: Sumber utama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sumber utama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The Circus: A Book To Begin On oleh Mary Kay Phelan (Holt, Rinehart, and Winston - 1963)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&oldid=5821352">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&oldid=5821352</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_editors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (laman tidak wujud)">CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Sarkas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Sarkas (laman tidak wujud)">Sarkas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Seni_pentas" title="Kategori:Seni pentas">Seni pentas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ini kali terakhir disunting pada 01:21, 18 April 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks disediakan di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms">Lesen Creative Commons Pengiktirafan/Perkongsian Serupa</a>; terma tambahan mungkin digunapakai. Lihat <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terma Penggunaan</a> untuk butiran lanjut.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Dasar privasi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal">Perihal Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penafian_umum">Penafian</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kod Tatakelakuan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Pembangun</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ms.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Kenyataan kuki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ms.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarkas&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Paparan mudah alih</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-lbblh","wgBackendResponseTime":142,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.157","walltime":"0.188","ppvisitednodes":{"value":381,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":6745,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":92,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":16125,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 157.394 1 -total"," 92.10% 144.967 1 Templat:Reflist"," 58.47% 92.035 1 Templat:Cite_dictionary"," 15.06% 23.710 3 Templat:Cite_book"," 3.19% 5.025 2 Templat:Small"," 1.59% 2.508 1 Templat:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.083","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2366215,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-4xg29","timestamp":"20241128145629","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Sarkas","url":"https:\/\/ms.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sarkas","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47928","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47928","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yayasan Wikimedia Bhd.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-07-17T15:09:34Z","dateModified":"2023-04-18T01:21:38Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8c\/Barnum_%26_Bailey_clowns_and_geese2.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>