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id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=mni.wikipedia.org&uselang=mni" class=""><span>ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄꯥ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:CreateAccount&returnto=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" title="ꯅꯪꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯱ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯟꯕꯥꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ, ꯇꯧꯕꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯪꯁꯣꯏ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ" class=""><span>ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:UserLogin&returnto=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" title="ꯅꯪꯅ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯪꯉꯛꯄꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ, ꯇꯧꯕꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯪꯁꯣꯏ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯃꯅꯨꯪꯗ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ꯏꯁꯥꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=mni.wikipedia.org&uselang=mni"><span>ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄꯥ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:CreateAccount&returnto=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" title="ꯅꯪꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯱ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯟꯕꯥꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ, ꯇꯧꯕꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯪꯁꯣꯏ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:UserLogin&returnto=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" title="ꯅꯪꯅ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯪꯉꯛꯄꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ, ꯇꯧꯕꯇꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯪꯁꯣꯏ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯃꯅꯨꯪꯗ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯇꯝꯁꯤꯟꯂꯨ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ꯈꯣꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ꯋꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯐꯝ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ꯃꯐꯝ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯎꯕꯁꯤꯡ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯎꯕꯁꯤꯡ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ꯂꯣꯠꯂꯨ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Simple_citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simple_citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">১</span> <span>Simple citations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Simple_citations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Simple citations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Simple_citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Example" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Example"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">১.১</span> <span>Example</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Example-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full_citation_parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_citation_parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">২</span> <span>Full citation parameters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_citation_parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩</span> <span>Parameters</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parameters-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parameters subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Syntax" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syntax"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.১</span> <span>Syntax</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syntax-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COinS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COinS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.২</span> <span>COinS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COinS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.২.১</span> <span>COinS metadata is created for these parameters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deprecated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deprecated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৩</span> <span>Deprecated</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deprecated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Authors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১</span> <span>Authors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.২</span> <span>Editors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Title" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Title"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৩</span> <span>Title</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Title-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৪</span> <span>Date</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Periodical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periodical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৫</span> <span>Periodical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Periodical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publisher" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publisher"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৬</span> <span>Publisher</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publisher-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edition,_series,_volume" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edition,_series,_volume"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৭</span> <span>Edition, series, volume</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edition,_series,_volume-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In-source_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In-source_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৮</span> <span>In-source locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In-source_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-URL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#URL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.৯</span> <span>URL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-URL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chapter_URL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chapter_URL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১০</span> <span>Chapter URL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chapter_URL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anchor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anchor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১১</span> <span>Anchor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anchor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identifiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identifiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১২</span> <span>Identifiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identifiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৩</span> <span>Quote</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laysummary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laysummary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৪</span> <span>Laysummary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laysummary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Display_options" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Display_options"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৫</span> <span>Display options</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Display_options-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subscription_or_registration_required" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subscription_or_registration_required"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৬</span> <span>Subscription or registration required</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subscription_or_registration_required-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Access_level_of_|url=" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_level_of_|url="> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৬.১</span> <span>Access level of |url=</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_level_of_|url=-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Access_level_of_identifiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_level_of_identifiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৬.২</span> <span>Access level of identifiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_level_of_identifiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ambiguous_access_parameters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ambiguous_access_parameters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৩.৪.১৬.৩</span> <span>Ambiguous access parameters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ambiguous_access_parameters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Examples-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Examples subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.১</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Web" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.২</span> <span>Web</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journals,_newspapers,_magazines,_or_other_periodicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journals,_newspapers,_magazines,_or_other_periodicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.৩</span> <span>Journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journals,_newspapers,_magazines,_or_other_periodicals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conference_papers_and_public_lectures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conference_papers_and_public_lectures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.৪</span> <span>Conference papers and public lectures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conference_papers_and_public_lectures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parts_of_books,_including_encyclopedia_articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parts_of_books,_including_encyclopedia_articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.৫</span> <span>Parts of books, including encyclopedia articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parts_of_books,_including_encyclopedia_articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republications,_or_edited_quotations_in_a_periodical_article" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republications,_or_edited_quotations_in_a_periodical_article"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.৬</span> <span>Republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republications,_or_edited_quotations_in_a_periodical_article-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Press_release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Press_release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৪.৭</span> <span>Press release</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Press_release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citing_patents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citing_patents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৫</span> <span>Citing patents</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Citing_patents-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Citing patents subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Citing_patents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parameters_(all_are_optional)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parameters_(all_are_optional)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৫.১</span> <span>Parameters (all are optional)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parameters_(all_are_optional)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৫.২</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anchored_citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anchored_citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৬</span> <span>Anchored citations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anchored_citations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Anchored citations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anchored_citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anchors_for_Harvard_referencing_templates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anchors_for_Harvard_referencing_templates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৬.১</span> <span>Anchors for Harvard referencing templates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anchors_for_Harvard_referencing_templates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IDs_must_be_unique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IDs_must_be_unique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৬.২</span> <span>IDs must be unique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IDs_must_be_unique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৭</span> <span>Dates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৮</span> <span>Tools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TemplateData" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TemplateData"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">৯</span> <span>TemplateData</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TemplateData-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">১০</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯎꯕꯁꯤꯡ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Citation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in ১৯২ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-192" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">১৯২ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seunaleu%C3%ABk:Citation" title="Seunaleuëk:Citation – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Seunaleuëk:Citation" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjabloon:Verwysing" title="Sjabloon:Verwysing – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sjabloon:Verwysing" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlage:Erreferentzia" title="Vorlage:Erreferentzia – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Vorlage:Erreferentzia" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%88%88%E1%8C%A0%E1%8D%8A%E1%8B%AB:Citation" title="መለጠፊያ:Citation – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መለጠፊያ:Citation" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Citation" title="साँचा:Citation – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="साँचा:Citation" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="قالب:استشهاد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قالب:استشهاد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%84:Citation" title="موضيل:Citation – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="موضيل:Citation" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:Citation" title="قالب:Citation – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قالب:Citation" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9A:Citation" title="সাঁচ:Citation – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সাঁচ:Citation" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%C3%ADa:Obra_citada" title="Plantía:Obra citada – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Plantía:Obra citada" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF:Citation" title="Халип:Citation – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Халип:Citation" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Citation" title="खाँचा:Citation – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="खाँचा:Citation" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:M%C9%99nb%C9%99" title="Şablon:Mənbə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şablon:Mənbə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Citation" title="شابلون:Citation – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شابلون:Citation" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:Citation" title="Ҡалып:Citation – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡалып:Citation" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Citation" title="Mal:Citation – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mal:Citation" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlog:Citation" title="Vorlog:Citation – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Vorlog:Citation" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilya:Citation" title="Plantilya:Citation – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Plantilya:Citation" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sablonan:Citation" title="Sablonan:Citation – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Sablonan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Cite" title="Шаблон:Cite – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шаблон:Cite" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F:Citation" title="टेम्पलेट:Citation – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="टेम्पलेट:Citation" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citakan:Citation" title="Citakan:Citation – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Citakan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA:Citation" title="တမ်းပလေက်:Citation – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တမ်းပလေက်:Citation" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Citation" title="Modèle:Citation – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Modèle:Citation" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F:%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="টেমপ্লেট:উদ্ধৃতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেমপ্লেট:উদ্ধৃতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrom:Citation" title="Patrom:Citation – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Patrom:Citation" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Citation" title="Šablon:Citation – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šablon:Citation" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80:Citation" title="Загбар:Citation – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Загбар:Citation" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Citation" title="Plantilla:Citation – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plantilla:Citation" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:Citation" title="模板:Citation – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="模板:Citation" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF:Citation" title="Кеп:Citation – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кеп:Citation" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilya:Citation" title="Plantilya:Citation – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Plantilya:Citation" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%95%DB%8E%DA%98%DB%95:Citation" title="داڕێژە:Citation – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داڕێژە:Citation" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Cree" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="Cree" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cit" title="Šablona:Cit – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šablona:Cit" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodyn:Citation" title="Nodyn:Citation – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nodyn:Citation" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skabelon:Kilde" title="Skabelon:Kilde – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skabelon:Kilde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Citation" title="Şablon:Citation – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Şablon:Citation" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Citation" title="ढाँचा:Citation – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ढाँचा:Citation" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%88%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%B0:Citation" title="ފަންވަތް:Citation – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފަންވަތް:Citation" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF:Citation" title="Πρότυπο:Citation – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρότυπο:Citation" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Obra_citada" title="Plantilla:Obra citada – ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plantilla:Obra citada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mall:Citation" title="Mall:Citation – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mall:Citation" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Txantiloi:Erreferentzia" title="Txantiloi:Erreferentzia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Txantiloi:Erreferentzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%88:Citation" title="الگو:Citation – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الگو:Citation" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrimynd:Citation" title="Fyrimynd:Citation – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fyrimynd:Citation" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teimpl%C3%A9ad:Citation" title="Teimpléad:Citation – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teimpléad:Citation" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF:Citation" title="模板:Citation – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="模板:Citation" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teamplaid:Iomradh" title="Teamplaid:Iomradh – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Teamplaid:Iomradh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo:Obra_citada" title="Modelo:Obra citada – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Modelo:Obra citada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:Citation" title="قالب:Citation – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="قالب:Citation" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembiechar%C3%A3:Citation" title="Tembiecharã:Citation – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembiecharã:Citation" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B:Citation" title="सांचो:Citation – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सांचो:Citation" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Citation" title="Templat:Citation – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Templat:Citation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%9A%E0%AB%8B:Citation" title="ઢાંચો:Citation – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઢાંચો:Citation" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohia:Citation" title="Ohia:Citation – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Ohia:Citation" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clowan:Citation" title="Clowan:Citation – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Clowan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samfuri:Citation" title="Samfuri:Citation – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Samfuri:Citation" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:Citation" title="תבנית:Citation – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תבנית:Citation" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Citation" title="साँचा:Citation – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साँचा:Citation" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Citation" title="Predložak:Citation – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Predložak:Citation" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Citation" title="Modèl:Citation – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Modèl:Citation" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sablon:Citation" title="Sablon:Citation – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sablon:Citation" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80:Citation" title="Կաղապար:Citation – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կաղապար:Citation" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80:Citation" title="Կաղապար:Citation – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կաղապար:Citation" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrono:Citation" title="Patrono:Citation – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Patrono:Citation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Citation" title="Templat:Citation – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Templat:Citation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avise:Citation" title="Avise:Citation – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Avise:Citation" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templeeti:Citation" title="Templeeti:Citation – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Templeeti:Citation" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilia:Citation" title="Plantilia:Citation – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Plantilia:Citation" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE:Citation" title="Ло:Citation – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ло:Citation" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shablono:Citation" title="Shablono:Citation – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shablono:Citation" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sni%C3%B0:Citation" title="Snið:Citation – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Snið:Citation" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cita_testo" title="Template:Cita testo – ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯟ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Template:Cita testo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯟ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯁ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯁ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cithakan:Citation" title="Cithakan:Citation – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Cithakan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98:Citation" title="თარგი:Citation – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თარგი:Citation" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Algi:Citation" title="Úlgi:Citation – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Úlgi:Citation" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tal%C9%A3a:Citation" title="Talɣa:Citation – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Talɣa:Citation" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:Citation" title="Үлгі:Citation – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Үлгі:Citation" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BC:Citation" title="ទំព័រគំរូ:Citation – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទំព័រគំរូ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%81:Citation" title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Citation – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Citation" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%9D%B8%EC%9A%A9" title="틀:인용 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="틀:인용" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:J%C3%AAder" title="Şablon:Jêder – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şablon:Jêder" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skantlyn:Citation" title="Skantlyn:Citation – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Skantlyn:Citation" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:Citation" title="Калып:Citation – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Калып:Citation" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula:Citation" title="Formula:Citation – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Formula:Citation" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schabloun:Citation" title="Schabloun:Citation – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schabloun:Citation" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Citation" title="Modèle:Citation – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Modèle:Citation" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Citation" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Citation – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແມ່ແບບ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veidne:Atsauce" title="Veidne:Atsauce – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Veidne:Atsauce" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF:Citation" title="आकृति:Citation – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आकृति:Citation" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cithakan:Citation" title="Cithakan:Citation – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Cithakan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endrika:Citation" title="Endrika:Citation – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Endrika:Citation" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80:Citation" title="Кышкар:Citation – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кышкар:Citation" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Citation" title="Templat:Citation – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Templat:Citation" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Предлошка:Наведување – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Предлошка:Наведување" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Citation" title="ഫലകം:Citation – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫലകം:Citation" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Citation" title="Загвар:Citation – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Загвар:Citation" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA:Citation" title="ထာမ်ပလိက်:Citation – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ထာမ်ပလိက်:Citation" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mos mw-list-item"><a href="https://mos.wikipedia.org/wiki/DATEUNIFY" title="DATEUNIFY – Mossi" lang="mos" hreflang="mos" data-title="DATEUNIFY" data-language-autonym="Moore" data-language-local-name="Mossi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Moore</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Citation" title="साचा:Citation – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साचा:Citation" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Citation" title="Templat:Citation – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Templat:Citation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo:Citation" title="Modelo:Citation – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Modelo:Citation" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="တမ်းပလိတ်:ကိုးကားခြင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တမ်းပလိတ်:ကိုးကားခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Citation" title="شابلون:Citation – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شابلون:Citation" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Citation" title="ढाँचा:Citation – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ढाँचा:Citation" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Citation" title="Templat:Citation – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Templat:Citation" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjabloon:Citation" title="Sjabloon:Citation – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sjabloon:Citation" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Citation" title="Mal:Citation – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mal:Citation" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal:Citation" title="Mal:Citation – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mal:Citation" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Ref-citacion" title="Modèl:Ref-citacion – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Modèl:Ref-citacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9B%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9E%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9A:Citation" title="ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Citation – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%B7%C3%A6%D0%B3:Citation" title="Хуызæг:Citation – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуызæг:Citation" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Citation" title="ਫਰਮਾ:Citation – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫਰਮਾ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Cytuj" title="Szablon:Cytuj – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szablon:Cytuj" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:Citation" title="سانچہ:Citation – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سانچہ:Citation" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Cite" title="کينډۍ:Cite – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کينډۍ:Cite" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Citation" title="Predefinição:Citation – ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯨꯒꯤꯁ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Predefinição:Citation" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯨꯒꯤꯁ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantilla:Citation" title="Plantilla:Citation – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Plantilla:Citation" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Citation" title="Format:Citation – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Format:Citation" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – ꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0:Citation" title="Шаблона:Citation – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Шаблона:Citation" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D:Citation" title="फलकम्:Citation – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फलकम्:Citation" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BF:Citation" title="Халыып:Citation – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Халыып:Citation" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%AA:Citation" title="ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Citation – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Tzita_testu" title="Template:Tzita testu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Template:Tzita testu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cita" title="Template:Cita – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Template:Cita" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%D9%88:Citation" title="سانچو:Citation – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سانچو:Citation" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Citation" title="Šablon:Citation – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šablon:Citation" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tal%C9%A3a:Citation" title="Talɣa:Citation – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Talɣa:Citation" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%82%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B5%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89:Citation" title="ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:Citation – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD:Citation" title="සැකිල්ල:Citation – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සැකිල්ල:Citation" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0abl%C3%B3na:Cit%C3%A1cia_Harvard" title="Šablóna:Citácia Harvard – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Šablóna:Citácia Harvard" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predloga:Citat" title="Predloga:Citat – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Predloga:Citat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stampa:Citation" title="Stampa:Citation – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stampa:Citation" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foarloage:Citation" title="Foarloage:Citation – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Foarloage:Citation" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citakan:Citation" title="Citakan:Citation – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Citakan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mall:Citation" title="Mall:Citation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mall:Citation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigezo:Citation" title="Kigezo:Citation – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kigezo:Citation" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81:Citation" title="வார்ப்புரு:Citation – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வார்ப்புரு:Citation" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D:Citation" title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Citation – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Citation" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%97%E1%A5%A6%E1%A5%9B%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%99%E1%A5%A3_%E1%A5%98%E1%A5%A5%E1%A5%90%E1%A5%B3:Citation" title="ᥗᥦᥛᥰ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥥᥐᥳ:Citation – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥗᥦᥛᥰ ᥙᥣ ᥘᥥᥐᥳ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Citation" title="మూస:Citation – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మూస:Citation" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Citation" title="แม่แบบ:Citation – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่แบบ:Citation" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9E%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%8D:Citation" title="ሞደል:Citation – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሞደል:Citation" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Citation" title="Şablon:Citation – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şablon:Citation" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padron:Citation" title="Padron:Citation – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Padron:Citation" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempolete:Citation" title="Tempolete:Citation – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Tempolete:Citation" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Kaynak" title="Şablon:Kaynak – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şablon:Kaynak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:Citation" title="Калып:Citation – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Калып:Citation" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhw%C9%9Bso%C9%94:Citation" title="Nhwɛsoɔ:Citation – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nhwɛsoɔ:Citation" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Citation" title="Шаблон:Citation – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шаблон:Citation" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:Citation" title="سانچہ:Citation – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سانچہ:Citation" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andoza:Citation" title="Andoza:Citation – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Andoza:Citation" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode%C5%82o:Cita_testo" title="Modeło:Cita testo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Modeło:Cita testo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Ch%C3%BA_th%C3%ADch" title="Bản mẫu:Chú thích – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bản mẫu:Chú thích" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samafomot:Citation" title="Samafomot:Citation – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Samafomot:Citation" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batakan:Citation" title="Batakan:Citation – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Batakan:Citation" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Template:Citation" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98:Citation" title="თარგი:Citation – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თარგი:Citation" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8:Citation" title="מוסטער:Citation – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מוסטער:Citation" 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ꯗꯒꯤ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mni" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21676">.mw-parser-output .documentation,.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#ecfcf4;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation{margin:1em 0 0 0;padding:1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{margin:0.2em 0;font-style:italic;padding:0.4em 1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-startbox{padding-bottom:3px;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:1ex}.mw-parser-output .documentation-heading{font-weight:bold;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .documentation-clear{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation-toolbar{font-style:normal;font-size:85%}</style><div class="documentation-container" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="documentation-heading"> <div class="documentation"> <div class="documentation-startbox"> <span class="documentation-heading" id="documentation-heading"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/50px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/75px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/100px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> Template documentation</span><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">view</a>] [<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:EditPage/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:EditPage/ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">edit</a>] [<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:PageHistory/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:PageHistory/ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">history</a>] [<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:Purge/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:Purge/ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation">purge</a>]</span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the<span class="nowrap"> </span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citation_needed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citation needed (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)"><span title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> template, see {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation_needed" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation needed">Citation needed</a>}}.</div> <table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Warning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ambox_warning_yellow.svg/40px-Ambox_warning_yellow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ambox_warning_yellow.svg/60px-Ambox_warning_yellow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ambox_warning_yellow.svg/80px-Ambox_warning_yellow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="334" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/templatecount/index.php?lang=en&namespace=10&name=Citation">১৯০,০০০+pages</a></b>, so changes to it will be widely noticed. Please test any changes in the template's <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/sandbox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/sandbox (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">/sandbox</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/testcases&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/testcases (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">/testcases</a> subpages, or in your own <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Subpages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Subpages (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">user subpage</a>. Please consider discussing changes on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0_%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A5_%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%90%EA%AF%9D:Citation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯋꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯐꯝ:Citation (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">talk page</a> before implementing them.</td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="plainlinks ombox mbox-small ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Lua" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Lua"><img alt="Lua logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/30px-Lua-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/45px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/60px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="947" data-file-height="947" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text">ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Lua" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Lua">Lua</a>: <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Citation/CS1" title="Module:Citation/CS1">Module:Citation/CS1</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Citation</b> template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used. As with other citation templates, this template can be used either in a footnote (between <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref>...</ref></code> tags) or in a section that lists sources. This template uses the same <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Lua" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Lua">Lua</a> code as <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 1 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">citation style 1 (CS1)</a> templates with parameters to change the displayed format to <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 2 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">citation style 2 (CS2)</a>. </p><p>If the correct parameters are used, this template produces output identical to that of the Cite templates, such as {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Cite_book" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Cite book">Cite book</a>}} and {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Cite_web" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}, with one important exception: By default, this Citation template uses commas in places where the Cite templates use periods (full stops) by default; either type of template can use periods (full stops) or commas by using an optional parameter. Also, this template by default generates anchors for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard_reference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard reference (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Harvard references</a> whereas the Cite templates by default do not (although they can be made to do so). </p><p>Regardless of which citation templates are used or even if none are used at all, all citations should have the same format throughout an article in the saved, rendered text. </p><p>Note: All parameter names must be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lowercase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lowercase (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">lowercase</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simple_citations">Simple citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section's source code: Simple citations"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This section covers the most commonly used parameters. You can copy the horizontal form or vertical form below and then add in extra parameters from the full list. Spacing and ordering of the parameters within the template is irrelevant and does not affect the final, rendered text. </p><p><code>{{Citation |last= |first= |year= |title= |publisher= |publication-place= |page= |url= |accessdate= }}</code> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = | first = | year = | title = | publisher = | publication-place = | page = | url = | accessdate = }}</pre> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><b>last</b>: The author's surname or last name. Don't use with the <b>author</b> parameter.</li> <li><b>first</b>: The author's first or given name(s).</li> <li><b>year</b>: Year of authorship or publication. Mandatory for use with links from <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harvard_citation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harvard citation (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Template:Harvard citation</a>, unless <code class="nowrap">|date=</code> specifies both month and year.</li> <li><b>title</b>: Title of the work. Mandatory for web references.</li> <li><b>publisher</b>: The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as <i>Publishers</i>, <i>Co.</i>, <i>Inc.</i>, <i>Ltd.</i>, etc., but retain the words <i>Books</i> or <i>Press</i>. Not normally included where the publication is a periodical which has its own Wikipedia article (e.g. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newsweek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newsweek (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Newsweek</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billboard_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Billboard (magazine) (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Billboard</a></i>). <ul><li><b>publication-place</b> (or <b>place</b> or <b>location</b>): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. Omit when the publication is a periodical whose name specifies the location (e.g. <i>The New York Times</i>, <i>The Times of India</i>)</li></ul></li> <li><b>page</b>: For use when one page is cited. Adds "p." before the page number. Do not use with <b>pages</b>.</li> <li><b>url</b>: A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_resource_locator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uniform resource locator (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">url</a> of an online location where the item can be found. If the url includes double quotes, these must be encoded as "%22". <ul><li><b>accessdate</b>: Date<sup id="cite_ref-dates_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dates-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n ꯱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the url was accessed.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Example">Example</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section's source code: Example"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Turner | first = Orsamus | title = History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve | publisher = William Alling | place = Rochester, New York | year = 1851 | ol = 7120924W }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFTurner1851" class="citation">Turner, Orsamus (1851), <i>History of the pioneer settlement of Phelps and Gorham's purchase, and Morris' reserve</i>, Rochester, New York: William Alling, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open Library (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//openlibrary.org/works/OL7120924W">7120924W</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+pioneer+settlement+of+Phelps+and+Gorham%27s+purchase%2C+and+Morris%27+reserve&rft.place=Rochester%2C+New+York&rft.pub=William+Alling&rft.date=1851&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Orsamus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3964"></style> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Full_citation_parameters">Full citation parameters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Edit section's source code: Full citation parameters"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These can be used for all types of publication except patents. All are optional and indentation is used simply to group related items — these may be mutually exclusive where indicated. Some hyphenated names can also be placed without hyphens. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><pre>{{Citation | author = | last = | first = | author2 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link = | author2-link = | author-separator = | author-name-separator = | author-mask = | display-authors = | editor = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor2 = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor-link = | editor2-link = | translator-last = | translator-first = | translator-link = | translator2-last = | translator2-first = | translator2-link = | others = | publication-date = | date = | year = | origyear = | title = | chapter = | chapter-url = | chapter-format = | contribution = | contribution-url = | type = | journal = | periodical = | newspaper = | magazine = | encyclopedia = | work = | edition = | series = | volume = | issue = | publisher = | publication-place = | place = | language = | page = | pages = | nopp = | at = | id = | isbn = | issn = | oclc = | pmid = | pmc = | bibcode = | doi = | doi-inactive-date= | zbl = | url = | accessdate = | format = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | dead-url = | quote = | layurl = | laysource = | laydate = | separator = | postscript = | ref = }} </pre> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parameters">Parameters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-4" title="Edit section's source code: Parameters"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syntax">Syntax</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-5" title="Edit section's source code: Syntax"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters: </p> <ul><li><i>parent</i></li> <li>OR: <i>parent2</i>—may be used instead of <i>parent</i> <ul><li><i>child</i>—may be used with <i>parent</i> (and is ignored if <i>parent</i> is not used)</li> <li>OR: <i>child2</i>—may be used instead of <i>child</i> (and is ignored if <i>parent2</i> is not used)</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.</dd></dl> <p>By default, sets of fields are terminated with a comma (,). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COinS">COinS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-6" title="Edit section's source code: COinS"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This template embeds <a href="/w/index.php?title=OinS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OinS (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">OinS</a> metadata in the HTML output, allowing <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reference_management_software&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reference management software (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Reference management software</a> to retrieve bibliographic metadata. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:COinS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:COinS (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:COinS</a>.</span> As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text: </p> <ul><li>Use <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;"><code class="nowrap">|date=27 September 2007</code></span> not <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #8B0000;"><code class="nowrap">|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)</code></span></li></ul> <p>Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example <code>&nbsp;</code>, <code>&ndash;</code>, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup <code>''</code> (italic font) or <code>'''</code> (bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COinS_metadata_is_created_for_these_parameters">COinS metadata is created for these parameters</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation_Style_documentation/coins&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section's source code: COinS metadata is created for these parameters"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><code class="nowrap">|periodical=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|journal=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|newspaper=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|magazine=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|work=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|website=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|encyclopedia=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|encyclopaedia=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|dictionary=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|chapter=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|contribution=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|entry=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|article=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|section=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|title=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|publication-place=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|publicationplace=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|place=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|location=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|date=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|year=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|publication-date=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|publicationdate=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|series=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|version=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|volume=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|issue=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|number=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|page=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|pages=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|at=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|edition=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|publisher=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|distributor=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|institution=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|url=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|chapter-url=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|chapterurl=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|contribution-url=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|contributionurl=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|section-url=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|sectionurl=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|author#=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|author-last#=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|author#-last=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|last#=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|surname#=</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|author-first#=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|author#-first=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|first#=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|given#=</code></li> <li>any of the named identifiers (<code class="nowrap">|isbn=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|issn=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|doi=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|pmc=</code>, etc)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deprecated">Deprecated</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-7" title="Edit section's source code: Deprecated"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>None of the cs1|2 parameters is deprecated. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Description">Description</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-8" title="Edit section's source code: Description"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Authors">Authors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-9" title="Edit section's source code: Authors"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_author">last</b>: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use <b>author-link</b> instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use <b>last</b> or one of its aliases (e.g. <code class="nowrap">|author=Bono</code>). Aliases: <b>surname</b>, <b>author</b>, <b>last1</b>, <b>surname1</b>, <b>author1</b>. <ul><li><b>author</b>: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author.</li> <li><b>first</b>: Given or first names of author; for example: <i>Firstname Middlename</i> or <i>Firstname M.</i> or <i>Firstname M., Sr.</i> Do not wikilink—use <b>author-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>given</b>, <b>first1</b>, <b>given1</b>. Requires <b>last</b>; first name will not display if <b>last</b> is empty.</li> <li>OR: for multiple authors, use <b>last1</b>, <b>first1</b> through <b>last<var>n</var></b>, <b>first<var>n</var></b>, where <i>n</i> is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each <b>first<var>n</var></b> requires a corresponding <b>last<var>n</var></b>). <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the <a href="#csdoc_display"><b>display</b></a> parameters to change how many authors are displayed.</span> Aliases: <b>surname1</b>, <b>given1</b> through <b>surname<var>n</var></b>, <b>given<var>n</var></b>, or <b>author1</b> through <b>author<var>n</var></b>. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use <code class="nowrap">|first1=...</code><code class="nowrap">|last1=...</code><code class="nowrap">|author2=...</code>.</li> <li><b>author-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>author-link1</b>, <b>authorlink</b>, <b>authorlink1</b>, <b>author1-link</b>, <b>author1link</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple authors, use <b>author-link1</b> through <b>author-link<var>n</var></b>. Aliases: <b>authorlink1</b> through <b>authorlink<var>n</var></b>, or <b>author1-link</b> through <b>author<var>n</var>-link</b>, or <b>author1link</b> through <b>author<var>n</var>link</b>.</li> <li><b>name-list-format</b>: displays authors and editors in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Vancouver style</a> when set to <code>vanc</code> and when the list uses <code>last</code>/<code>first</code> parameters for the name list(s).</li></ul></li> <li><b>vauthors</b>: comma-separated list of author names in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Vancouver style</a>; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses: <dl><dd><code class="nowrap">|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.))</code></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>author-link</b> and <b>author-mask</b> may be used for the individual names in <code class="nowrap">|vauthors=</code> as described above</li></ul></li> <li><b>authors</b>: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of <b>last</b>.</li> <li><b>contributor-last</b>: Surname of contributor. Do not wikilink—use <b>contributor-link</b> instead. For book cites only, requires <b>contribution</b>; used primarily to cite afterword, foreword, introduction, or preface to <b>author</b><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> work. Aliases: <b>contributor-surname</b>, <b>contributor1</b>, <b>contributor1-last</b>, <b>contributor-last1</b>. <ul><li><b>contributor-first</b>: Given or first names of contributor. Do not wikilink—use <b>contributor-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>contributor-given</b>, <b>contributor1-first</b>, <b>contributor-first1</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple contributors, use <b>contributor-last1</b>, <b>contributor-first1</b> through <b>contributor-last<var>n</var></b>, <b>contributor-first<var>n</var></b> where <i>n</i> is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of contributors (each <b>contributor-first<var>n</var></b> requires a corresponding <b>contributor-last<var>n</var></b>). Aliases: <b>contributor1-last</b>, <b>contributor1-first</b> through <b>contributor<var>n</var>-last</b>, <b>contributor<var>n</var>-first</b>, or <b>contributor1</b> through <b>contributor<var>n</var></b>.</li> <li><b>contributor-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the contributor—not the contributor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>contributor-link1</b>, <b>contributor1-link</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple contributors, use <b>contributor-link1</b> through <b>contributor-link<var>n</var></b>. Aliases: <b>contributor1-link</b> through <b>contributor<var>n</var>-link</b>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_translator">translator-last</b>: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use <b>translator-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>translator-surname</b>, <b>translator1</b>, <b>translator1-last</b>, <b>translator-last1</b>. <ul><li><b>translator-first</b>: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use <b>translator-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>translator-given</b>, <b>translator1-first</b>, <b>translator-first1</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple translators, use <b>translator-last1</b>, <b>translator-first1</b> through <b>translator-last<var>n</var></b>, <b>translator-first<var>n</var></b>, where <i>n</i> is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each <b>translator-first<var>n</var></b> requires a corresponding <b>translator-last<var>n</var></b>). Aliases: <b>translator1-last</b>, <b>translator1-first</b> through <b>translator<var>n</var>-last</b>, <b>translator<var>n</var>-first</b>, or <b>translator1</b> through <b>translator<var>n</var></b>.</li> <li><b>translator-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>translator-link1</b>, <b>translator1-link</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple translators, use <b>translator-link1</b> through <b>translator-link<var>n</var></b>. Aliases: <b>translator1-link</b> through <b>translator<var>n</var>-link</b>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_collaboration">collaboration</b>: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires <b>author</b>, <b>last</b>, or <b>vauthors</b> listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_others">others</b>: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write <i>Illustrated by John Smith</i>.</li> <li>Note: When using <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfnote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfnote (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfnote</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Paren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Paren (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Paren</a> styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Editors">Editors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-10" title="Edit section's source code: Editors"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_editors">editor-last</b>: Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use <b>editor-link</b> instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use <b>editor-last</b> to include the same format as the source. Aliases: <b>editor-last1</b>, <b>editor1-last</b>, <b>editor-surname</b>, <b>editor-surname1</b>, <b>editor1-surname</b>, <b>editor</b>, <b>editor1</b>. <ul><li><b>editor</b>: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor.</li> <li><b>editor-first</b>: Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: <i>Firstname Middlename</i> or <i>Firstname M.</i> or <i>Dr. Firstname M., Sr.</i> Do not wikilink—use <b>editor-link</b> instead. Aliases: <b>editor-first1</b>, <b>editor1-first</b>, <b>editor-given</b>, <b>editor-given1</b>, <b>editor1-given</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple editors, use <b>editor-last1</b>, <b>editor-first1</b> through <b>editor-last<var>n</var></b>, <b>editor-first<var>n</var></b> (Aliases: <b>editor<var>n</var>-last</b>, <b>editor-surname<var>n</var></b> or <b>editor<var>n</var>-surname</b>; <b>editor<var>n</var>-first</b>, <b>editor-given<var>n</var></b> or <b>editor<var>n</var>-given</b>; <b>editor<var>n</var></b>). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use <code class="nowrap">|editor-first1=...</code><code class="nowrap">|editor-last1=...</code> <code class="nowrap">|editor2=...</code>.</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><b>editor-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: <b>editor-link1</b>.</li> <li>OR: for multiple editors, use <b>editor-link1</b> through <b>editor-link<var>n</var></b> (alias <b>editor<var>n</var>-link</b>).</li> <li><b>name-list-format</b>: displays authors and editors in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Vancouver style</a> when set to <code>vanc</code> and when the list uses <code>last</code>/<code>first</code> parameters for the name list(s)</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>veditors</b>: comma separated list of editor names in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vancouver_style&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vancouver style (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Vancouver style</a>; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses: <dl><dd><code class="nowrap">|veditors=Smythe JB ((Megabux Corp.))</code></dd></dl></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><b>editor-link<i>n</i></b> and <b>editor-mask<i>n</i></b> may be used for the individual names in <code class="nowrap">|veditors=</code>, as described above</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>editors</b>: Free-form list of editor names; use of this parameter is discouraged; not an alias of <b>editor-last</b></li></ul> <dl><dd>Display: <dl><dd>Use <b>display-editors</b> to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.</dd> <dd>If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.</dd> <dd>If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Title">Title</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-11" title="Edit section's source code: Title"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">(See also <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 1 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Help:Citation Style 1 §Titles and chapters</a>.)</span> </p> <ul><li><b>title</b>: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or <b>url</b> may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics.If <b>script-title</b> is defined, <b>title</b> holds romanized transliteration of title in <b>script-title</b>. <ul><li><b>script-title</b>: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); not italicized, follows italicized transliteration defined in <b>title</b>. May be prefixed with an <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_ISO_639-1_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of ISO 639-1 codes (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISO 639-1</a> two-character code to help browsers properly display the script: <dl><dd><code>... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...</code></dd></dl></li> <li><b>trans-title</b>: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after <b>title</b>; if <b>url</b> is defined, then <b>trans-title</b> is included in the link. Use of the <b>language</b> parameter is recommended.</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 5em"> <tbody><tr> <th>newline</th> <th>[</th> <th>]</th> <th>| </th></tr> <tr> <td>space</td> <td style="text-align: center;">&#91;</td> <td style="text-align: center;">&#93;</td> <td style="text-align: center;"><code>{{!}}</code> (preferred) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Bracket" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Bracket">{{Bracket|text}}</a></td> <td>&#124; or <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Pipe" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Pipe">{{Pipe}}</a> – <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">see also <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Table&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Table (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Help:Table § Rendering the pipe</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd><ul><li><b>title-link</b>: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in <b>title</b> – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Alias: <b>titlelink</b>.</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>chapter</b>: The chapter heading of the source. May be wikilinked or may use <b>chapter-url</b>, but not both. Displays in quotes. <ul><li><b>script-chapter</b>: Chapter heading for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); follows transliteration defined in <b>chapter</b>. Should be prefixed with an <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_ISO_639-1_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of ISO 639-1 codes (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISO 639-1</a> two-character code to help browsers properly display the script: <dl><dd><code>... |chapter=Tōkyō tawā |script-chapter=ja:東京タワー |trans-chapter=Tokyo Tower ...</code></dd></dl></li> <li><b>trans-chapter</b>: English translation of the chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after the <b>chapter</b> field; if <b>chapter-url</b> is defined, then <b>trans-chapter</b> is included in the link. Use of the <b>language</b> parameter is recommended.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>type</b>: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Thesis</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Booklet</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Accepted manuscript</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">CD liner</span>, <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: #006400;">Press release</span>. Alias: <b>medium</b>.</li></ul> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_language">language</b>: The language in which the source is written. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. Use the full language name or <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_ISO_639-1_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of ISO 639-1 codes (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISO 639-1</a> code. When the source uses more than one language, list them individually, separated by commas, e.g. <code class="nowrap">|language=French, German</code>. The use of language names or language codes recognized by Wikimedia adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%95:CS1_foreign_language_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:CS1 foreign language sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Category:CS1 foreign language sources</a>; do not use templates or wikilinks. Note: When the language is "English" (or "en"), no language is displayed in the citation. Note: When two or more languages are listed there is no need to include "and" before the last language. "and" is inserted automatically by the template.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Date">Date</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-12" title="Edit section's source code: Date"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_date">date</b>: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.<sup id="cite_ref-date_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>date ꯱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Required when <b>year</b> is used to disambiguate <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfn" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfn">sfn</a>}}</code> links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.<sup><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfn#More_than_one_work_in_a_year" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfn">[more]</a></sup> Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For acceptable date formats, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 1 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates</a>.</span></li></ul> <dl><dd>For approximate year, precede with "<code>c. </code>", like this: <code class="nowrap">|date=c. 1900</code>.</dd></dl> <p><span id="Undated"></span> </p> <dl><dd>For no date, or "undated", add as <code class="nowrap">|date=n.d.</code></dd></dl> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_year">year</b>: Year of source being referenced. Use of <code class="nowrap">|date=</code> is recommended unless all of the following conditions are met: <ol><li>The template uses <code class="nowrap">|ref=harv</code>, or the template is <code>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">citation</a>}}</code>, or <code class="nowrap">|mode=cs2</code></li> <li>The <code class="nowrap">|date=</code> format is YYYY-MM-DD.</li> <li>The citation requires a <code><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citation_templates_and_reference_anchors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citation templates and reference anchors (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">CITEREF</a></code> <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfn#More_than_one_work_in_a_year" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfn">disambiguator</a>.</li></ol></li> <li><b id="csdoc_origyear">orig-year</b>: Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: <code class="nowrap">|orig-year=First published 1859</code> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Ara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Ara (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Ara</a>. Alias: <b>origyear</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_df">df</b>: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates. Accepts one value which may be one of these: <dl><dd><code>dmy</code> – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;</dd> <dd><code>mdy</code> – as above for month day, year format</dd> <dd><code>ymd</code> – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD</dd> <dd><code>dmy-all</code> – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;</dd> <dd><code>mdy-all</code> – as above for month day, year format</dd> <dd><code>ymd-all</code> – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD</dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type:decimal"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-date-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-date_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See .</span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Periodical">Periodical</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-13" title="Edit section's source code: Periodical"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_work">work</b>: Name of the source periodical; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in italics. Aliases: <b>journal</b>, <b>newspaper</b>, <b>magazine</b>, <b>periodical</b>, <b>website</b>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_issue">issue</b>: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias: <b>number</b>. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g. <code class="nowrap">|issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''</code>. Displayed in parentheses following <b>volume</b>.</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>When set, <b>work</b> changes the formatting of other parameters: <dl><dd><b>title</b> is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.</dd> <dd><b>chapter</b> does not display in this citation template (and will produce an error message).</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Publisher">Publisher</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-14" title="Edit section's source code: Publisher"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_publisher">publisher</b>: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Publisher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Publisher (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Publisher</a> is the <em>company</em> that publishes the work being cited. Do <em>not</em> use the <b>publisher</b> parameter for the name of a work (e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes <i>The New York Times</i> newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after <b>title</b>.</li> <li><span id="csdoc_location"></span><b id="csdoc_place">place</b>: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples: <i>The Boston Globe</i>, <i>The Times of India</i>. Displays after the title. Alias: <b>location</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_publication-place">publication-place</b>: If any one of <b>publication-place</b>, <b>place</b>, or <b>location</b> is defined, the location will show after the title; if <b>publication-place</b> and <b>place</b> or <b>location</b> are defined, then <b>place</b> or <b>location</b> is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and <b>publication-place</b> is shown after the title.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_publication-date">publication-date</b>: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if <b>year</b> or <b>date</b> are defined and only if different, else <b>publication-date</b> is used and displayed as <b>date</b>. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows <b>publisher</b>; if <b>work</b> is not defined, then <b>publication-date</b> is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_via">via</b>: Name of the content deliverer (if <i>different</i> from <b>publisher</b>). <b>via</b> is not a replacement for <b>publisher</b>, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer presents the source in a format other than the original (e.g. <a href="/w/index.php?title=NewsBank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NewsBank (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">NewsBank</a>), when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also <a href="#csdoc_registration"><b>registration</b></a> and <a href="#csdoc_subscription"><b>subscription</b></a> parameters.</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Edition,_series,_volume"><span id="Edition.2C_series.2C_volume"></span>Edition, series, volume</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-15" title="Edit section's source code: Edition, series, volume"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>edition</b>: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so <code class="nowrap">|edition=2nd</code> produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>series</b> or <b>version</b>: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.</li></ul> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_volume">volume</b>: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the <b>title</b> and <b>series</b> fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37) of 4 characters or less, and will appear in bold. Any value of 5 or more characters will be presumed to follow some other convention and will not appear in bold.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In-source_locations">In-source locations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-16" title="Edit section's source code: In-source locations"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_page">page</b>: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either <code class="nowrap">|page=</code> or <code class="nowrap">|pages=</code>, but not both. Displays preceded by <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">p.</code> unless <code class="nowrap">|nopp=y</code>.</li> <li>OR: <b id="csdoc_pages">pages</b>: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either <code class="nowrap">|page=</code> or <code class="nowrap">|pages=</code>, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">pp.</code> unless <code class="nowrap">|nopp=y</code>. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use <code class="nowrap">|pages=3{{Hyphen}}1&ndash;3{{Hyphen}}15</code> or <code class="nowrap">|at=pp. 3-1&ndash;3-15</code>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_nopp">nopp</b>: Set to <var>y</var>, <var>yes</var>, or <var>true</var> to suppress the <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">p.</code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">pp.</code> notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where <code class="nowrap">|page=Front cover</code> or <code class="nowrap">|pages=<a href="/w/index.php?title=Passim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Passim (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Passim</a></code>.</li></ul></li> <li>OR: <b id="csdoc_at">at</b>: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by <code class="nowrap">|page=</code> or <code class="nowrap">|pages=</code>. Use only one of <code class="nowrap">|page=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|pages=</code>, or <code class="nowrap">|at=</code>.</li></ul> <dl><dd>Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="URL">URL</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-17" title="Edit section's source code: URL"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span id="url"></span> </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_url">url</b>: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if <b>title</b> is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. <code>#ixzz2rBr3aO94</code> or <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><code>?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...</code></span>. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:PAGELINKS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:PAGELINKS (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">WP:PAGELINKS</a>.</span> Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com; use <code class="nowrap">|ISBN=</code> or <code class="nowrap">|OCLC=</code> to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_accessdate">access-date</b>: Full date when the content pointed to by <b>url</b> was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires <b>url</b>; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.<sup id="cite_ref-date_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>date ꯱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Not required for linked documents that do not change.</i> For example, <b>access-date</b> is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:CITEWEB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:CITEWEB (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">WP:CITEWEB</a>. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers, published books, or news articles with publication dates. Note that <b>access-date</b> is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. Can be <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_1/accessdate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 1/accessdate (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">hidden or styled</a> by registered editors. Alias: <b>accessdate</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_archiveurl">archive-url</b>: The URL of an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Web_archiving&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Web archiving (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">archived</a> snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Archive (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Internet Archive</a> <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">(see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Using_the_Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Using the Wayback Machine (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine</a>)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=WebCite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebCite (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">WebCite</a> <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">(see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Using_WebCite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Using WebCite (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Using WebCite</a>)</span> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Archive.is&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archive.is (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Archive.is</a> <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">(see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Using_archive.is&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Using archive.is (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Using archive.is</a>)</span>; requires <b>archive-date</b> and <b>url</b>. By default (overridden by <code class="nowrap">|dead-url=no</code>) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: <b>archiveurl</b>. <ul><li><b id="csdoc_archivedate">archive-date</b>: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.<sup id="cite_ref-date_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-date-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>date ꯱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. Alias: <b>archivedate</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_deadurl">dead-url</b>: the default value of this optional parameter, if omitted, is <code class="nowrap">|dead-url=yes</code>; equivalent values are <var>y</var> or <var>true</var>. Ignored if <b>archive-url</b> is not set. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set <code class="nowrap">|dead-url=no</code>; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting <code class="nowrap">|dead-url=unfit</code> or <code class="nowrap">|dead-url=usurped</code> suppresses display of the original URL (but <code class="nowrap">|url=</code> and <code class="nowrap">|archive-url=</code> are still required). Alias: <b>deadurl</b>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_template_doc_demo">template-doc-demo</b>: The archive parameters will be error-checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation_error&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation error (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">citation error</a>}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into one of the subcategories of <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%95:Articles_with_incorrect_citation_syntax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:Articles with incorrect citation syntax (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax</a>. Set <code class="nowrap">|template-doc-demo=true</code> to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated. Alias: <b>no-cat</b>.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_format">format</b>: Format of the work referred to by <b>url</b>; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after <b>title</b>. (For media format, use <b>type</b>.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. Automatically added when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:External link icons (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">external link icon</a>. Note: External link icons do not include <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:ALT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:ALT (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">alt text</a>; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.</li></ul> <dl><dd>URLs must begin with a supported <a href="/w/index.php?title=URI_scheme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="URI scheme (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">URI scheme</a>. <code>http://</code> and <code>https://</code> will be supported by all browsers; however, <code>ftp://</code>, <code>gopher://</code>, <code>irc://</code>, <code>ircs://</code>, <code>mailto:</code> and <code>news:</code> may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPv6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPv6 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">IPv6</a> host-names are currently not supported.</dd> <dd>If URLs in <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citation templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">citation template parameters</a> contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent-encoded&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Percent-encoded (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Percent-encoded</a>. For example, a space must be replaced by <code>%20</code>. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: 5em"> <tbody><tr> <th>sp</th> <th>"</th> <th>'</th> <th><</th> <th>></th> <th>[</th> <th>]</th> <th>{</th> <th>|</th> <th>} </th></tr> <tr> <td>%20</td> <td>%22</td> <td>%27</td> <td>%3c</td> <td>%3e</td> <td>%5b</td> <td>%5d</td> <td>%7b</td> <td>%7c</td> <td>%7d </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.</dd></dl> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type:decimal"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-date-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-date_4-0">꯱.꯰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-date_4-1">꯱.꯱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See .</span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chapter_URL">Chapter URL</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-18" title="Edit section's source code: Chapter URL"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span id="chapterurl"></span> </p> <ul><li><b>chapter-url</b>: URL of an individual chapter of online source. Should be at the same site as <b>url</b>, if any. If <b>chapter-url</b> is used, <b>url</b> should only be used if the beginning of the work and the cited chapter are on separate webpages at the site. <b>chapter</b> may be wikilinked or <b>chapter-url</b> used, but not both. Aliases: <b>chapterurl</b>, <b>contribution-url</b>, <b>section-url</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_chapter_format">chapter-format</b>: Format of the work referred to by <b>chapter-url</b>; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after <b>chapter</b>. HTML is implied and should not be specified. Does not change the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:External_link_icons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:External link icons (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">external link icon</a>. Note: External link icons do not include <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:ALT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:ALT (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">alt text</a>; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Anchor">Anchor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-19" title="Edit section's source code: Anchor"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>ref</b>: the citation's HTML anchor identifier. When set, <code class="nowrap">|ref=<var>ID</var></code> generates an anchor with the given <var>ID</var> (the <code>id</code> attribute in the citation's <code class="nowrap" style=""><cite id="<var>ID</var>"></code> HTML tag). Setting <code class="nowrap">|ref=<var>ID</var></code> identifies the template as a target and allows <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_sources/Further_considerations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing sources/Further considerations (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">wikilinking to full references</a>, especially useful with short-form citations like <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">shortened notes</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Parenthetical referencing (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">parenthetical referencing</a>. Defaults to the special value <code class="nowrap">|ref=harv</code> which generates an anchor identifier suitable for use with {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfn" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfn">sfn</a>}} and {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}} templates. When <code class="nowrap">|mode=cs1</code> defaults to <code class="nowrap">|ref=</code>. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc#Anchors_for_Harvard_referencing_templates" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates</a>.</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Identifiers">Identifiers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-20" title="Edit section's source code: Identifiers"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span id="id1"></span> </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_id">id</b>: A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unique_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unique identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Unique identifier</a>, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable. For example, <code class="nowrap">|id=NCJ 122967</code> will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as <code class="nowrap">|id={{NCJ|122967}}</code> to append <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:NCJ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:NCJ (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:NCJ</a> instead.</li></ul> <p><span id="id2"></span>These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. <code>rfc=822</code> or <code>pmc=345678</code>. </p> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_arxiv">arxiv</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ArXiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ArXiv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ArXiv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier">identifier</a>; for example: <code>arxiv=hep-th/9205027</code> (before April 2007) or <code>arxiv=0706.0001</code> (April 2007 – December 2014) or <code>arxiv=1501.00001</code> (since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".</li> <li><b id="csdoc_asin">asin</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Amazon Standard Identification Number</a>; if first character of <b>asin</b> value is a digit, use <b>isbn</b>. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example <code>asin=B00005N5PF</code> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_asin-tld">asin-tld</b>: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: <code>au</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>ca</code>, <code>cn</code>, <code>co.jp</code>, <code>co.uk</code>, <code>de</code>, <code>es</code>, <code>fr</code>, <code>it</code>, <code>mx</code></li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_bibcode">bibcode</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibcode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibcode (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Bibcode</a>; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: <code>1974AJ.....79..819H</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_biorxiv">biorxiv</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=BioRxiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BioRxiv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">BioRxiv</a> id, a 6-digit number at the end of the biorXiv URL (e.g. <code>078733</code> for <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733">http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733">https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733</a>)</li> <li><b id="csdoc_citeseerx">citeseerx</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=CiteSeerX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CiteSeerX (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">CiteSeerX</a> id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. <code>10.1.1.176.341</code> for <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341">http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341</a> )</li> <li><b id="csdoc_doi">doi</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Digital object identifier</a>; for example: <code>10.1038/news070508-7</code>. It is checked to ensure it begins with (<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">10.</code>). <ul><li><b id="csdoc_doi_brokendate">doi-broken-date</b>: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org">https://dx.doi.org</a>. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Alias: <b>doi-inactive-date</b></li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_eissn">eissn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">International Standard Serial Number</a> for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyphen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyphen (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Hyphen</a>, but not an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dash (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">en dash</a> or a space; example <code>eissn=1557-2986</code> Alias: <b>EISSN</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_hdl">hdl</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Handle_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handle System (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Handle System</a> identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example <code>hdl=20.1000/100</code> Alias: <b>HDL</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_isbn">isbn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">International Standard Book Number</a>; for example: <code>978-0-8126-9593-9</code>. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">(See <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:ISBN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:ISBN (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:ISBN</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISBN § Overview</a>.)</span> Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, <i>SBN 902888-45-5</i> should be entered as <code class="nowrap">|isbn=0-902888-45-5</code>. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without <i>any</i> additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: <b>ISBN</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_ismn">ismn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Music_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Music Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">International Standard Music Number</a>; for example: <code>979-0-9016791-7-7</code>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyphens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyphens (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Hyphens</a> or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without <i>any</i> additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: <b>ISMN</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_issn">issn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">International Standard Serial Number</a>; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyphen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyphen (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Hyphen</a>, but not an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dash (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">en dash</a> or a space; example <code>issn=2049-3630</code> Alias: <b>ISSN</b></li> <li><b id="csdoc_jfm">jfm</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jahrbuch_%C3%BCber_die_Fortschritte_der_Mathematik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik</a>; example <code>jfm=53.0144.01</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_jstor">jstor</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">JSTOR</a> reference number; for example: <code>jstor=3793107</code> will generate <a href="/w/index.php?title=JSTOR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JSTOR (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3793107">3793107</a>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_lccn">lccn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Library_of_Congress_Control_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Library of Congress Control Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Library of Congress Control Number</a>. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case; example <code>lccn=2004042477</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_mr">mr</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathematical_Reviews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathematical Reviews (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Mathematical Reviews</a>; example <code>mr=630583</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_oclc">oclc</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:OCLC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:OCLC (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">OCLC</a>; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center; example <code>oclc=9355469</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_ol">ol</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open Library (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Open Library</a> identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example <code>ol=7030731M</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_osti">osti</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Scientific_and_Technical_Information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Scientific and Technical Information (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Office of Scientific and Technical Information</a>; example <code>osti=4367507</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_pmc">pmc</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">PubMed Central</a>; use article number for full-text free repository of a journal article, e.g. <code>pmc=345678</code>. Do not include "PMC" in the value. <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also the <b>pmid</b> parameter, below; these are two different identifiers.</span> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_Embargo">embargo</b>: Date that <b>pmc</b> goes live; if this date is in the future, then <b>pmc</b> is not linked until that date.</li></ul></li> <li><b id="csdoc_pmid">pmid</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">PubMed</a>; use unique identifier; example <code>pmid=17322060</code> <span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also the <b>pmc</b> parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.</span></li> <li><b id="csdoc_rfc">rfc</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Request_for_Comments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Request for Comments (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Request for Comments</a>; example <code>rfc=3143</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_ssrn">ssrn</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Science_Research_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Science Research Network (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Social Science Research Network</a>; example <code>ssrn=1900856</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_zbl">zbl</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zentralblatt_MATH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zentralblatt MATH (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Zentralblatt MATH</a>; example <code>zbl=0472.53010</code></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quote">Quote</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-21" title="Edit section's source code: Quote"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_quote">quote</b>: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Laysummary">Laysummary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-22" title="Edit section's source code: Laysummary"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b id="csdoc_lay">lay-url</b>: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Aliases: <b>lay-summary</b>, <b>laysummary</b>. <ul><li><b>lay-source</b>: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash. Alias: <b>laysource</b>.</li> <li><b>lay-date</b>: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses. Alias: <b>laydate</b>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Display_options">Display options</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-23" title="Edit section's source code: Display options"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span id="csdoc_display"></span><b id="csdoc_mode">mode</b>: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For <code class="nowrap">|mode=cs1</code>, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (<code>.</code>); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For <code class="nowrap">|mode=cs2</code>, element separator is a comma (<code>,</code>); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use <b>postscript</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_author-mask">author-mask</b>: Replaces the name of the first author with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dash (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">em dashes</a> or text. Set <b>author-mask</b> to a numeric value <i>n</i> to set the dash <i>n</i> em spaces wide; set <b>author-mask</b> to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfnote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfnote (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfnote</a>. Do not use in a list generated by <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Reflist" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Reflist">reflist</a>}}</code>, <code class="nowrap" style=""><references /></code> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. You can also use <b>editor-mask</b> and <b>translator-mask</b> in the same way.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_display-authors"><span id="csdoc_displayauthors"></span>display-authors</b>: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set <b>display-authors</b> to the desired number. For example, <code class="nowrap">|display-authors=2</code> will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed. <code class="nowrap">|display-authors=etal</code> displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: <b>displayauthors</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_display-editors"><span id="csdoc_displayeditors"></span>display-editors</b>: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set <b>display-editors</b> to the desired number. For example, <code class="nowrap">|display-editors=2</code> will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. <code class="nowrap">|display-editors=etal</code> displays all editors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: <b>displayeditors</b>.</li> <li><b id="csdoc_lastauthoramp">last-author-amp</b>: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space (<code> & </code>) when set to <code>y</code>, <code>yes</code>, or <code>true</code>. Example: <code class="nowrap">|last-author-amp=yes</code></li> <li><b id="csdoc_postscript">postscript</b>: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to none. Additional text or templates beyond the terminating punctuation may generate an error message. <code class="nowrap">|postscript=</code> is ignored if <b>quote</b> is defined.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subscription_or_registration_required">Subscription or registration required</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-24" title="Edit section's source code: Subscription or registration required"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:PAYWALL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:PAYWALL (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Verifiability – Access to sources</a>. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors can signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation. </p><p>Four access levels can be used: </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Freely accessible"><img alt="Freely accessible" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>free</code>: the source is free to read for anyone (this applies in particular to articles in open access)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Free registration required"><img alt="Free registration required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>registration</code>: a free registration is required to access the source</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><img alt="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>limited</code>: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views) to freely access this source</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Lock-red-alt.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span> <code>subscription</code>: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription ("<a href="/w/index.php?title=Paywall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paywall (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Paywall</a>")</li></ul> <p>As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Access_level_of_|url="><span id="Access_level_of_.7Curl.3D"></span>Access level of <code class="nowrap">|url=</code></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation_Style_documentation/registration&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section's source code: Access level of |url="><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Links inserted with <code class="nowrap">|url=</code> are expected to be free to read by default. If not, editors can use one of </p> <ul><li><code class="nowrap">|url-access=subscription</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|url-access=registration</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|url-access=limited</code></li></ul> <p>to indicate the relevant access restriction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Access_level_of_identifiers">Access level of identifiers</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation_Style_documentation/registration&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section's source code: Access level of identifiers"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Links inserted by identifiers such as <code class="nowrap">|doi=</code> are not expected to offer a free full text by default. If they do, editors can use <code class="nowrap">|doi-access=free</code> (in the case of <code class="nowrap">|doi=</code>) to indicate the relevant access level. The following identifiers are supported: </p> <dl><dd><ul><li><code class="nowrap">|bibcode=</code> with <code class="nowrap">|bibcode-access=free</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|doi=</code> with <code class="nowrap">|doi-access=free</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|hdl=</code> with <code class="nowrap">|hdl-access=free</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|jstor=</code> with <code class="nowrap">|jstor-access=free</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|ol=</code> with <code class="nowrap">|ol-access=free</code></li> <li><code class="nowrap">|osti=</code> with <code class="nowrap">|osti-access=free</code></li></ul></dd></dl> <p>Some identifiers always link to free full texts. In this case, the access level is automatically indicated by the template. This is the case for <code class="nowrap">|arxiv=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|biorxiv=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|citeseerx=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|pmc=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|rfc=</code> and <code class="nowrap">|ssrn=</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Ambiguous_access_parameters">Ambiguous access parameters</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation_Style_documentation/registration&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Edit section's source code: Ambiguous access parameters"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The parameters <code class="nowrap">|registration=yes</code> and <code class="nowrap">|subscription=yes</code> can also be used to indicate the access level of a citation. However, they do not indicate which link they apply to, so editors are encouraged to use <code class="nowrap">|url-access=registration</code> and <code class="nowrap">|url-access=subscription</code> instead, when the restriction applies to <code class="nowrap">|url=</code>. If the restriction applies to an identifier, these parameters should be omitted. </p><p>These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation: </p> <ul><li><b>registration</b>: For online sources that require registration, set <code class="nowrap">|registration=yes</code> (or <code>y</code>, or <code>true</code>); superseded by <b>subscription</b> if both are set.</li> <li><b>subscription</b>: For online sources that require a subscription, set <code class="nowrap">|subscription=yes</code> (or <code>y</code>, or <code>true</code>); supersedes <b>registration</b> if both are set.</li></ul> <p>Setting <code class="nowrap">|registration=</code> or <code class="nowrap">|subscription=</code> to any value other than <code>y</code>, <code>yes</code>, or <code>true</code> will generate an error message. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-25" title="Edit section's source code: Examples"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-26" title="Edit section's source code: Books"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Three authors, a volume, and an edition. Ampersand (&) forced before final author's name. </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last1 = Lincoln | first1 = A. | last2 = Washington | first2 = G. | last3 = Adams | first3 = J. | lastauthoramp = yes | title = All the Presidents' Names | publisher = The Pentagon | place = Home Base, New York | volume = XII | edition = 2nd | year = 2007 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdams2007" class="citation">Lincoln, A.; Washington, G. & Adams, J. (2007), <i>All the Presidents' Names</i>, <b>XII</b> (2nd ed.), Home Base, New York: The Pentagon</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+the+Presidents%27+Names&rft.place=Home+Base%2C+New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=The+Pentagon&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Lincoln&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Washington%2C+G.&rft.au=Adams%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Web">Web</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-27" title="Edit section's source code: Web"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Web page </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | url = http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/ | title = NPS Focus | work = National Register of Historic Places | publisher = [[National Park Service]] | accessdate = November 30, 2010 | ref = none }} </pre> </td> <td><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/">"NPS Focus"</a>, <i>National Register of Historic Places</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Park_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Park Service (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">National Park Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 30,</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft.atitle=NPS+Focus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnrhp.focus.nps.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Archived page </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | url = http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html | title = Earth's Atmosphere | accessdate = October 25, 2007 | publisher = [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] | year = 1995 | author = NASA | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013232332/http:// liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html | archivedate = October 13, 2007 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFNASA1995" class="citation">NASA (1995), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013232332/http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html"><i>Earth's Atmosphere</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">National Aeronautics and Space Administration</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/atmosphere.html">the original</a> on October 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2007</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Earth%27s+Atmosphere&rft.pub=National+Aeronautics+and+Space+Administration&rft.date=1995&rft.au=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fliftoff.msfc.nasa.gov%2Facademy%2Fspace%2Fatmosphere.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journals,_newspapers,_magazines,_or_other_periodicals"><span id="Journals.2C_newspapers.2C_magazines.2C_or_other_periodicals"></span>Journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-28" title="Edit section's source code: Journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Journal article </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Hill | first = Marvin S. | title = Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal = BYU Studies | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | year = 1976 | pages = 1–8 | url = https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFHill1976" class="citation">Hill, Marvin S. (1976), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf">"Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>BYU Studies</i>, <b>12</b> (2): 1–8</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BYU+Studies&rft.atitle=Joseph+Smith+and+the+1826+Trial%3A+New+Evidence+and+New+Difficulties&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1-8&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Marvin+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbyustudies.byu.edu%2Fshop%2FPDFSRC%2F12.2Hill.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Journal article with multiple authors and identifier </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last1 = Mandelkern | first1 = M, | last2 = Elias | first2 = J, | last3 = Eden | first3 = D, | last4 = Crothers | first4 = D | display-authors = 2 | title = The dimensions of DNA in solution | journal = J Mol Biol | volume = 152 | issue = 1 | pages = 153–161 | year = 1981 | pmid = 7338906 | doi = 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90099-1 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFMandelkernEliasEdenCrothers1981" class="citation">Mandelkern, M,; Elias, J,; et al. (1981), "The dimensions of DNA in solution", <i>J Mol Biol</i>, <b>152</b> (1): 153–161, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0022-2836%2881%2990099-1">10.1016/0022-2836(81)90099-1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7338906">7338906</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Mol+Biol&rft.atitle=The+dimensions+of+DNA+in+solution&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=153-161&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0022-2836%2881%2990099-1&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7338906&rft.aulast=Mandelkern&rft.aufirst=M%2C&rft.au=Elias%2C+J%2C&rft.au=Eden%2C+D%2C&rft.au=Crothers%2C+D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Newspaper article </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Smith | first = Joseph III | author-link = Joseph Smith III | title = Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper = The Saints' Herald | publication-place = Plano, IL | volume = 26 | issue = 19 | date = October 1, 1879 | page = 289 | url = http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/ IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFSmith1879" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Smith_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Smith III (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Smith, Joseph III</a> (October 1, 1879), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179">"Last Testimony of Sister Emma"</a>, <i>The Saints' Herald</i>, Plano, IL, <b>26</b> (19), p. 289</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Saints%27+Herald&rft.atitle=Last+Testimony+of+Sister+Emma&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=19&rft.pages=289&rft.date=1879-10-01&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Joseph+III&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sidneyrigdon.com%2Fdbroadhu%2FIL%2Fsain1872.htm%23100179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conference_papers_and_public_lectures">Conference papers and public lectures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-29" title="Edit section's source code: Conference papers and public lectures"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Conference paper </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Sullivan | first = D.B. | contribution = Time and frequency measurement at NIST: The first 100 years | year = 2001 | title = 2001 IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symp. | publisher = National Institute of Standards and Technology | contribution-url = http://tf.nist.gov/timefreq/general/pdf/1485.pdf | chapter-format = PDF }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2001" class="citation">Sullivan, D.B. (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tf.nist.gov/timefreq/general/pdf/1485.pdf">"Time and frequency measurement at NIST: The first 100 years"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>2001 IEEE Int'l Frequency Control Symp.</i>, National Institute of Standards and Technology</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Time+and+frequency+measurement+at+NIST%3A+The+first+100+years&rft.btitle=2001+IEEE+Int%27l+Frequency+Control+Symp.&rft.pub=National+Institute+of+Standards+and+Technology&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=D.B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftf.nist.gov%2Ftimefreq%2Fgeneral%2Fpdf%2F1485.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lecture </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Habicht | first = Christian | contribution = Hellenistic Athens and her Philosophers | year = 1988 | title = David Magie Lecture, Princeton University Program in the History, Archaeology, and Religions of the Ancient World | publisher = Princeton University | page=14 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFHabicht1988" class="citation">Habicht, Christian (1988), "Hellenistic Athens and her Philosophers", <i>David Magie Lecture, Princeton University Program in the History, Archaeology, and Religions of the Ancient World</i>, Princeton University, p. 14</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hellenistic+Athens+and+her+Philosophers&rft.btitle=David+Magie+Lecture%2C+Princeton+University+Program+in+the+History%2C+Archaeology%2C+and+Religions+of+the+Ancient+World&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Princeton+University&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Habicht&rft.aufirst=Christian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parts_of_books,_including_encyclopedia_articles"><span id="Parts_of_books.2C_including_encyclopedia_articles"></span>Parts of books, including encyclopedia articles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-30" title="Edit section's source code: Parts of books, including encyclopedia articles"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Manuscript published in an edited compilation </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Bidamon | first = Emma Smith | author-link = Emma Hale Smith | chapter = Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date = March 27, 1876 | editor-last = Vogel | editor-first = Dan | title = Early Mormon Documents | volume = 1 | publisher = Signature Books | publication-date = 1996 | isbn = 1-56085-072-8 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFBidamon1876" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emma_Hale_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emma Hale Smith (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Bidamon, Emma Smith</a> (March 27, 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", in Vogel, Dan, <i>Early Mormon Documents</i>, <b>1</b>, Signature Books (published 1996), <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:BookSources/1-56085-072-8" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:BookSources/1-56085-072-8">1-56085-072-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Letter+to+Emma+S.+Pilgrim&rft.btitle=Early+Mormon+Documents&rft.pub=Signature+Books&rft.date=1876-03-27&rft.isbn=1-56085-072-8&rft.aulast=Bidamon&rft.aufirst=Emma+Smith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Work with an editor but no author </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | editor-last = Vogel | editor-first = Dan | title = Early Mormon Documents | volume = 1 | publisher = Signature Books | publication-date = 1996 | isbn = 1-56085-072-8 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFVogel1996" class="citation">Vogel, Dan, ed. (1996), <i>Early Mormon Documents</i>, <b>1</b>, Signature Books, <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:BookSources/1-56085-072-8" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:BookSources/1-56085-072-8">1-56085-072-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Mormon+Documents&rft.pub=Signature+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-56085-072-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Encyclopedia article by a named author </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | year=1999 | title = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | location = London | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | url = http://www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/BernardLewis.htm }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFKramer1999" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Kramer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Kramer (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Kramer, Martin</a> (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/BernardLewis.htm">"Bernard Lewis"</a>, in Boyd, Kelley, <i>Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing</i>, <b>1</b>, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bernard+Lewis&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Historians+and+Historical+Writing&rft.place=London&rft.pages=719-720&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.com%2Fmartinkramerorg%2FBernardLewis.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Encyclopedia article with no named author </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | title = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | year = 1999 | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | location = London | url = http://www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/BernardLewis.htm }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFBoyd1999" class="citation">Boyd, Kelley, ed. (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/BernardLewis.htm">"Bernard Lewis"</a>, <i>Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing</i>, <b>1</b>, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bernard+Lewis&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Historians+and+Historical+Writing&rft.place=London&rft.pages=719-720&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.com%2Fmartinkramerorg%2FBernardLewis.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republications,_or_edited_quotations_in_a_periodical_article"><span id="Republications.2C_or_edited_quotations_in_a_periodical_article"></span>Republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-31" title="Edit section's source code: Republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Manuscript edited and published in a journal </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Knight | first = Joseph, Sr. | year = 1833 | editor-last = Jessee | editor-first = Dean | title = Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal = BYU Studies | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | publication-date = 1976 | page = 35 | url = https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }}</pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFKnight1833" class="citation">Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean, ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf">"Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>BYU Studies</i> (published 1976), <b>17</b> (1): 35</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BYU+Studies&rft.atitle=Joseph+Knight%27s+Recollection+of+Early+Mormon+History&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=35&rft.date=1833&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Joseph%2C+Sr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbyustudies.byu.edu%2Fshop%2FPDFSRC%2F17.1Jessee.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Manuscript written at one date and place, then published in a periodical at a different date and place with commentary by the editor. </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | last = Klingensmith | first = Philip | type = Affidavit | date = September 5, 1872 | place = Lincoln County, Nevada | title = Mountain Meadows Massacre | editor-last = Toohy | editor-first = Dennis J. | journal = Corinne Daily Reporter | publication-date = September 24, 1872 | publication-place = Corinne, Utah | volume = 5 | issue = 252 | page = 1 | url = http://udn.lib.utah.edu/u?/corinne,5359 }} </pre> </td> <td><cite id="CITEREFKlingensmith1872" class="citation">Klingensmith, Philip (September 5, 1872), written at Lincoln County, Nevada, Toohy, Dennis J., ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://udn.lib.utah.edu/u?/corinne,5359">"Mountain Meadows Massacre"</a>, <i>Corinne Daily Reporter</i> (Affidavit), Corinne, Utah (published September 24, 1872), <b>5</b> (252): 1</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Corinne+Daily+Reporter&rft.atitle=Mountain+Meadows+Massacre&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=252&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1872-09-05&rft.aulast=Klingensmith&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fudn.lib.utah.edu%2Fu%3F%2Fcorinne%2C5359&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Press_release">Press release</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-32" title="Edit section's source code: Press release"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Press release with quotation </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | url = https://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/04/05ipad.html | title = Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day | publisher = Apple Inc | accessdate = April 10, 2010 | quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3 | ref = none}} </pre> </td> <td><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/04/05ipad.html"><i>Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day</i></a>, Apple Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2010</span>, <q>in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Apple+Sells+Over+300%2C000+iPads+First+Day&rft.pub=Apple+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fpr%2Flibrary%2F2010%2F04%2F05ipad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citing_patents">Citing patents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-33" title="Edit section's source code: Citing patents"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parameters_(all_are_optional)"><span id="Parameters_.28all_are_optional.29"></span>Parameters (all are optional)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-34" title="Edit section's source code: Parameters (all are optional)"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><pre>{{Citation | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventorlink = | inventor2-last = | inventor2-first = | inventorlink2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = | ref = }}</pre> </td> <td> <ul><li><b>inventor-last</b> (or <b>inventor1-last</b>): The inventor's surname or last name.</li> <li><b>inventor-first</b> (or <b>inventor1-first</b>): The inventor's first or given name(s).</li> <li><b>inventorlink</b> (or <b>inventorlink1</b>): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first inventor.</li> <li><b>inventor2-last</b>, <b>inventor3-last</b>, <b>inventor4-last</b>: The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable.</li> <li><b>inventor2-first</b>, <b>inventor3-first</b>, <b>inventor4-first</b>: The second, third, and fourth inventors' first or given name(s), if applicable.</li> <li><b>inventorlink2</b>, <b>inventorlink3</b>, <b>inventorlink4</b>: Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth inventor, if applicable.</li> <li><b>publication-date</b>: Date of publication or filing.</li> <li><b>issue-date</b> (or <b>date</b>): Date patent was issued by patent agency.</li> <li><b>title</b>: Title of the patent. If the title includes [square brackets], these must be encoded as "<code>&#91;</code>" for "[" and "<code>&#93;</code>" for "]"</li> <li><b>country-code</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-1_alpha-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Two-letter abbreviation</a> of the country issuing the patent.</li> <li><b>description</b>: Type of patent; shown between country code and number.</li> <li><b>patent-number</b>: The number of the patent.</li> <li><b>ref</b>: Anchor id.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples_2">Examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-35" title="Edit section's source code: Examples"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>United States patent with multiple inventors </td> <td><pre>{{Citation | inventor1-last = Degermark | inventor1-first = Mikael | inventor2-last = Brodnik | inventor2-first = Andrej | inventor3-last = Carlsson | inventor3-first = Svante | inventor4-last = Pink | inventor4-first = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}} </pre> </td> <td><span class="citation patent" id="CITEREFDegermarkBrodnikCarlssonPink꯲꯰꯰꯱"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US6266706">US 6266706</a>, Degermark, Mikael; Andrej Brodnik & Svante Carlsson et al., "Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams", issued 2001</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=6266706&rft.cc=US&rft.title=Fast+routing+lookup+system+using+complete+prefix+tree%2C+bit+vector%2C+and+pointers+in+a+routing+table+for+determining+where+to+route+IP+datagrams&rft.inventor=Degermark&rft.date=2001"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anchored_citations">Anchored citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-36" title="Edit section's source code: Anchored citations"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This template can generate a citation that can be combined with <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:CITESHORT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:CITESHORT (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">shortened footnotes</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Parenthetical referencing (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">parenthetical referencing</a>. It does this by creating an <a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_element&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HTML element (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">HTML anchor</a> containing an ID. The special parameter <code class="nowrap">|ref=harv</code> generates an ID suitable for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harvard_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harvard referencing (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Harvard referencing</a> templates such as {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}} as specified in the next section; this is the default for the {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">citation</a>}} template. </p><p>To disable anchor generation, specify <code class="nowrap">|ref=none</code> (in contrast, other Cite templates such as {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Cite_book" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Cite book">cite book</a>}} and {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Cite_news" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Cite news">cite news</a>}} do not create an anchor by default). You can also specify the ID directly, using the <code class="nowrap">|ref=<var>ID</var></code> parameter. For example, suppose an article's <i>References</i> section contains the markup: </p> <ul><li><code>{{Citation |author=Sigmund Freud |title=Civilization and Its Discontents |year=1930 |ref=CivDis}}</code></li></ul> <p>which generates the citation: </p> <ul><li><cite id="CivDis" class="citation">Sigmund Freud (1930), <i>Civilization and Its Discontents</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Civilization+and+Its+Discontents&rft.date=1930&rft.au=Sigmund+Freud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"></li></ul> <p>Then, the markup "<code>([[#CivDis|Freud 1930]])</code>" generates a parenthetical reference "(<a href="#CivDis">Freud 1930</a>)" containing a wikilink to the citation (try clicking on the wikilink). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anchors_for_Harvard_referencing_templates">Anchors for Harvard referencing templates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-37" title="Edit section's source code: Anchors for Harvard referencing templates"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IDs compatible with Harvard referencing templates such as {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}} are computed from the last names of the authors (or editors, if no authors are given) and the year of the cited source. For example, the markup "<code>{{Harv|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}</code>" generates the Harvard reference "<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv</a>", which wikilinks to the citation whose markup and appearance are shown below: </p> <ul><li><code>{{Citation |last1=Wright |first1=Thomas |last2=Evans |first2=R. H. |title=Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray |location=London |publisher=Henry G. Bohn |year=1851 |oclc=59510372}}</code></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWrightEvans1851" class="citation">Wright, Thomas; Evans, R. H. (1851), <i>Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray</i>, London: Henry G. Bohn, <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/59510372">59510372</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+and+Descriptive+Account+of+the+Caricatures+of+James+Gillray&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Henry+G.+Bohn&rft.date=1851&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F59510372&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Evans%2C+R.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"></li></ul> <p>In this example the {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">citation</a>}} template defines, and the {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}} template uses, the HTML ID "<code>CITEREFWrightEvans1851</code>", composed by concatenating the string "<code>CITEREF</code>" with the last names of the authors and the year. The {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harvid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harvid (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harvid</a>}} template can be used to generate such IDs, for example, <code>{{Harvid|Wright|Evans|1851}}</code> generates "<code><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harvid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harvid (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harvid</a></code>". </p><p>Related methods which leave only a number in the text are to use the {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harvnb" class="mw-redirect" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harvnb">harvnb</a>}} template enclosed in the <ref></ref> html code, or to use the {{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Sfn" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Sfn">sfn</a>}} template alone. The example above would be <code><ref>{{Harvnb|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}</ref></code> or <code>{{Sfn|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}</code> both of which generate a footnote, such as </p> <dl><dd>17. <a href="#CITEREFWrightEvans1851">Wright & Evans 1851</a>, p. ix</dd></dl> <p>The names of only the first four authors are used; other author names are not concatenated to the ID. If no author names are given, editor names are used instead. For <a href="#Citing_patents">patents</a>, inventor names are used instead of authors or editors. If these names are not given, this template does not generate an anchor. </p><p>Last names are used, as specified by the parameters <code class="nowrap">|last1=</code> (or <code class="nowrap">|last=</code>), <code class="nowrap">|last2=</code>, <code class="nowrap">|last3=</code>, and <code class="nowrap">|last4=</code>, and similarly for <code class="nowrap">|editor1-last=</code> etc. and for <code class="nowrap">|inventor1-last=</code> etc. If a full name is given but no last name is specified, this template falls back on the full name, but this usage is not recommended. For example, in "<code>{{Citation | author = Sigmund Freud | title = The Ego and the Id | year = 1923}}</code>" no last name is given, so this citation cannot be combined with the Harvard reference "<code>{{Harv|Freud|1923}}</code>". To make these {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">citation</a>}} and {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}} invocations compatible, either replace "<code class="nowrap">|author=Sigmund Freud</code>" with "<code class="nowrap">|first=Sigmund</code> <code class="nowrap">|last=Freud</code>", or add "<code class="nowrap">|ref={{Harvid|Freud|1923}}</code>" to the {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">citation</a>}} invocation, or add the same ref parameter (say, "<code class="nowrap">|ref=EgoId</code>") to both the {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">citation</a>}} and the {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}} invocations. </p><p>Similarly, the year is used, as specified by <code class="nowrap">|year=</code>. If no year is given, this template attempts to derive the year from <code class="nowrap">|date=</code> (or, if no date is given, from <code class="nowrap">|publication-date=</code>) by applying the <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions">MediaWiki § Time function</a>. This heuristic works with many common date formats (American, International and <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_8601&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 8601 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISO 8601 standard format</a> YYYY-MM-DD as listed in <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:MOS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:MOS (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">WP:MOS</a>), but may not work as expected with other formats, so when in doubt it may be safer to use <code class="nowrap">|year=</code>. Note that if only a year, say 2005, is known you must use <code class="nowrap">|year=2005</code> rather than <code class="nowrap">|date=2005</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IDs_must_be_unique">IDs must be unique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-38" title="Edit section's source code: IDs must be unique"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Names, years, and hand-specified IDs must be chosen so that the IDs are unique within a page; otherwise the HTML will not conform to the W3C standards, and any references to the citations will not work reliably. For example, suppose a page contains the following two citations with {{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Harv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Harv (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">harv</a>}}-compatible IDs: </p> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFMontesHalterman2008a" class="citation">Montes, G.; Halterman, J. S. (2008a), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/121/4/e821">"Association of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders and Loss of Family Income"</a>, <i>Pediatrics</i>, <b>121</b> (4): e821–e826, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1542%2Fpeds.2007-1594">10.1542/peds.2007-1594</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18381511">18381511</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Association+of+Childhood+Autism+Spectrum+Disorders+and+Loss+of+Family+Income&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=e821-e826&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1542%2Fpeds.2007-1594&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18381511&rft.aulast=Montes&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.au=Halterman%2C+J.+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpediatrics.aappublications.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F121%2F4%2Fe821&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMontesHalterman2008b" class="citation">Montes, G.; Halterman, J. S. (2008b), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/122/1/e202">"Child Care Problems and Employment Among Families with Preschool-aged Children with Autism in the United States"</a>, <i>Pediatrics</i>, <b>122</b> (1): e202–e208, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1542%2Fpeds.2007-3037">10.1542/peds.2007-3037</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18595965">18595965</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pediatrics&rft.atitle=Child+Care+Problems+and+Employment+Among+Families+with+Preschool-aged+Children+with+Autism+in+the+United+States&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=e202-e208&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1542%2Fpeds.2007-3037&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18595965&rft.aulast=Montes&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.au=Halterman%2C+J.+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpediatrics.aappublications.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F122%2F1%2Fe202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmni.wikipedia.org%3A%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3964"></li></ul> <p>If these citations were altered to say "2008" rather than "2008a" and "2008b", the resulting page would not work, because the two different citations would both attempt to use the ID "<code>CITEREFMontesHalterman2008</code>". To avoid this problem, distinguish the citations by appending suffixes to the years, e.g. "<code class="nowrap">|year=2008a</code>" and "<code class="nowrap">|year=2008b</code>", as was done above. Any Harvard references to these citations should use years with the same suffixes. </p><p>It is good practice to verify that a page does not contain duplicate IDs by using the <a href="/w/index.php?title=W3C_Markup_Validation_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="W3C Markup Validation Service (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">W3C Markup Validation Service</a>; see <i><a href="#External_links">External links</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dates">Dates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-39" title="Edit section's source code: Dates"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type:decimal"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dates-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dates_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The format of dates in the references of an article should use consistent and unambiguous styles. Example formats used in Wikipedia citations include: <ul><li><i>2009</i></li> <li><i>2009-09-14</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_8601&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 8601 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ISO 8601 standard format</a>: YYYY-MM-DD)</li> <li><i>14 September 2009</i></li> <li><i>September 14, 2009</i> (with comma)</li> <li><i>September 2009</i></li></ul> Dates should not be linked (say, to a Wikipedia article of the same name) in references. Please see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Manual_of_Style_(dates_and_numbers)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Manual of Style (dates and numbers) (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers) § Dates</a> for more guidance about formatting dates.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tools">Tools</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-40" title="Edit section's source code: Tools"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Citing sources § Citation templates and tools</a> for a list of tools that can help create a reference in the "citation" format. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TemplateData">TemplateData</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-41" title="Edit section's source code: TemplateData"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;">This template data section needs to be edited. It includes deprecated parameters and does not include parameters that were added in the Lua updates. It also includes a mix of patent and non-patent parameters.</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="templatedata-header">ꯃꯁꯤ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:TemplateData&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:TemplateData (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">TemplateData </a> ꯅꯤ documentation for this template used by <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:VisualEditor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:VisualEditor (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">VisualEditor</a> and other tools; ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ <p><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/bambots/TemplateParam.php?wiki=enwiki&template=Citation">ꯊꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠꯁꯤꯡ </a> ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯫ </p><p><b>TemplateData for Citation</b> </p> </div> <section class="mw-templatedata-doc-wrap"><header><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-desc">The Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.</p></header><table class="wikitable mw-templatedata-doc-params sortable"><caption><p class="mw-templatedata-caption">Template parameters<span class="mw-editsection-like"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&templatedata=edit" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">Edit template data</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></p></caption><thead><tr><th colspan="2">Parameter</th><th>Description</th><th>Type</th><th>Status</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>Last name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authors</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">last1</code></td><td><p>The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>First name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">first1</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>title of source</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>title</code></td><td><p>Title of source; displays in italics.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-required" data-sort-value="2">required</td></tr><tr><th>date of source</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>date</code></td><td><p>Full date of source being referenced in the same format as other publication dates in the citations.[1] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>url of source</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>url</code></td><td><p>URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Work</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>work</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">journal</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">website</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">newspaper</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">magazine</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">encyclopedia</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">encyclopaedia</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">dictionary</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">mailinglist</code></td><td><p>Name of the work in which the cited title is found</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Volume</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>volume</code></td><td><p>For one publication published in several volumes</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Issue</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>issue</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">number</code></td><td><p>Issue number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Page</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>page</code></td><td><p>Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Pages</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>pages</code></td><td><p>Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested" data-sort-value="1">suggested</td></tr><tr><th>Patent Number</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>patent-number</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Description</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>description</code></td><td><p>Type of patent; shown between country code and number.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Publication Date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>publication-date</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">pubdate</code></td><td><p>Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Issue Date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>issue-date</code></td><td><p>Date patent was issued by patent agency.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Date format</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>df</code></td><td><p>Sets rendered dates to the specified format</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Year of publication</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>year</code></td><td><p>Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Number</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Postscript</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>postscript</code></td><td><p>Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Ignored if quote is defined.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor-surname</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor-last1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor-surname1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-surname</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editors</code></td><td><p>The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type mw-templatedata-doc-muted">Unknown</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor-first1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor-given1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor1-given</code></td><td><p>The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type mw-templatedata-doc-muted">Unknown</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author Mask</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-mask</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authormask</code></td><td><p>Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes. Do not use in a list generated by {{Reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. You can also use editor-mask and translator-mask in the same way.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Original year</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>orig-year</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">origyear</code></td><td><p>Original year of publication; provide specifics</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Number</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translated title</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>trans-title</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">trans_title</code></td><td><p>An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translated chapter title</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>trans-chapter</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">trans_chapter</code></td><td><p>An English language chapter title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Type</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>type</code></td><td><p>Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Archive URL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>archive-url</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">archiveurl</code></td><td><p>The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Dead URL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>dead-url</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">deadurl</code></td><td><p>If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Series</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>series</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">version</code></td><td><p>Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal; alias of 'version'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>periodical</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>periodical</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>At</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>at</code></td><td><p>May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>No pp</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>nopp</code></td><td><p>Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Chapter</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>chapter</code></td><td><p>The chapter heading of the source</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>contribution</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>contribution</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>chapter-url</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>chapter-url</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">chapterurl</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>contribution-url</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>contribution-url</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>chapter-format</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>chapter-format</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>others</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>others</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Edition</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>edition</code></td><td><p>When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Location of publication</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>place</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">location</code></td><td><p>Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Place of publication</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>publication-place</code></td><td><p>Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Publisher</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>publisher</code></td><td><p>Name of the publisher; displays after title</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>in</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>in</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Language</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>language</code></td><td><p>The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Format</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>format</code></td><td><p>Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>arXiv identifier</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>arxiv</code></td><td><p>An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ASIN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>asin</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">ASIN</code></td><td><p>Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ASIN TLD</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>asin-tld</code></td><td><p>ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Bibcode</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>bibcode</code></td><td><p>Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>biorXiv</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>biorxiv</code></td><td><p>biorXiv identifier; 6 digits</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>CiteSeerX</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>citeseerx</code></td><td><p>CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>DOI</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>doi</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">DOI</code></td><td><p>Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>doi_inactivedate</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>doi_inactivedate</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>DOI broken date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>doi-broken-date</code></td><td><p>The date that the DOI was determined to be broken</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ISBN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>isbn</code></td><td><p>International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>ISSN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>issn</code></td><td><p>International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>eISSN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>eissn</code></td><td><p>International Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>jfm code</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>jfm</code></td><td><p>Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>JSTOR</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>jstor</code></td><td><p>JSTOR identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>LCCN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>lccn</code></td><td><p>Library of Congress Control Number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>MR</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>mr</code></td><td><p>Mathematical Reviews identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OCLC</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>oclc</code></td><td><p>Online Computer Library Center number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Number</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ol</code></td><td><p>Open Library identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>OSTI</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>osti</code></td><td><p>Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>PMC</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>pmc</code></td><td><p>PubMed Center article number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Number</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>PMID</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>pmid</code></td><td><p>PubMed Unique Identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>RFC</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>rfc</code></td><td><p>Request for Comments number</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Number</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>SSRN</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ssrn</code></td><td><p>Social Science Research Network</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Zbl</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>zbl</code></td><td><p>Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>id</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>id</code></td><td><p>A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Quote</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>quote</code></td><td><p>Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Content</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Ref</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>ref</code></td><td><p>An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>URL access date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>access-date</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">accessdate</code></td><td><p>The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Lay URL</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>laysummary</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">layurl</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">lay-url</code></td><td><p>URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Lay source</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>lay-source</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">laysource</code></td><td><p>Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Lay date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>lay-date</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">laydate</code></td><td><p>Date of the summary; displays in parentheses</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author name separator</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-name-separator</code></td><td><p>Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as &#32;</p><dl><dt>Default</dt><dd>, </dd></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last author ampersand</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last-author-amp</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">lastauthoramp</code></td><td><p>When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Boolean</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Display authors</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>displayauthors</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">display-authors</code></td><td><p>number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Number</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Archive date</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>archive-date</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">archivedate</code></td><td><p>Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Date</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor-last</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor-surname</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor-last1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">invent-1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">invent1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor1-surname</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor2-last</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor2-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">invent2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor2-surname</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor3-last</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor3-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">invent3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor3-surname</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor4-last</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor4-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">invent4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor4-surname</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor-first</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor1-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor-given</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor1-given</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor2-first</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor2-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor2-given</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor3-first</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor3-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor3-given</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventor4-first</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventor4-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventor4-given</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventorlink</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventorlink</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">inventorlink1</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventorlink2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventorlink2</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventorlink3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventorlink3</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>inventorlink4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>inventorlink4</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname2</code></td><td><p>The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given2</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname3</code></td><td><p>The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given3</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname4</code></td><td><p>The surname of the forth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given4</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the forth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname5</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given5</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname6</code></td><td><p>The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first6</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname7</code></td><td><p>The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given7</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname8</code></td><td><p>The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given8</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Last name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>last9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">surname9</code></td><td><p>The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>First name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>first9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">given9</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author1-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink1</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author2-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink2</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author3-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink3</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author4-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink4</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the forth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author5-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink5</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author6-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink6</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author7-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink7</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author8-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink8</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Author link 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>author-link9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">author9-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">authorlink9</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Coauthor</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>coauthor</code></td><td><p>Coauthor</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-deprecated" data-sort-value="-1">deprecated</td></tr><tr><th>Coauthors</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>coauthors</code></td><td><p>Coauthors</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-deprecated" data-sort-value="-1">deprecated</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor2-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor2</code></td><td><p>The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor2-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor2-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor3-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor3</code></td><td><p>The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor3-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor3-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor4-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor4</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor4-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor4-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor5-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor5</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor5-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor5-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor6-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor6</code></td><td><p>The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor6-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor6-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor7-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor7</code></td><td><p>The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor7-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor7-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor8-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor8</code></td><td><p>The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor8-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor8-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor last name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor9-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor9</code></td><td><p>The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Editor first name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor9-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">editor9-given</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Line</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>editor-link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor-link</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>editor1-link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor1-link</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>editor2-link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor2-link</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>editor3-link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor3-link</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>editor4-link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>editor4-link</code></td><td><p class="mw-templatedata-doc-muted">no description</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator-last1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator1-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator1-first</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator-first1</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator-link1</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator1-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator2-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator2-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator3-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator3-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator4-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator4-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator5-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator5-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator6-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator6-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator7-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator7-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator8-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator8-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator last name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-last9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator9-last</code></td><td><p>The surname of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator first name 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-first9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator9-first</code></td><td><p>Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">String</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 2</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link2</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator2-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 3</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link3</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator3-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 4</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link4</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator4-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 5</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link5</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator5-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 6</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link6</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator6-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 7</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link7</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator7-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 8</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link8</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator8-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Translator link 9</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>translator-link9</code> <code class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-alias">translator9-link</code></td><td><p>Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth translator.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type">Page name</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr><tr><th>Country Code</th><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-name"><code>country-code</code></td><td><p>Two-letter abbreviation of the country issuing the patent.</p><dl></dl></td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-type mw-templatedata-doc-muted">Unknown</td><td class="mw-templatedata-doc-param-status-optional" data-sort-value="0">optional</td></tr></tbody></table></section> <p><i>This template produces <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COinS" class="extiw" title="w:COinS">COinS</a> metadata; see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:COinS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:COinS (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">COinS in Wikipedia</a> for background information.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc&action=edit&section=T-42" title="Edit section's source code: See also"><span>ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citation templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Inline_citation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Inline citation (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Inline citation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Parenthetical referencing (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Parenthetical referencing</a></li> <li>For a comparison of citations using templates with citations written freehand, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_sources/Example_edits_for_different_methods&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing sources/Example edits for different methods (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia:Citing sources/Example edits for different methods § Footnotes</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21906">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;margin:auto;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.8em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox th,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#ddddff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output table.navbox+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output ol+table.navbox,.mw-parser-output ul+table.navbox{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar.mini li span{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:6em}</style> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r21443">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Wikipedia_referencing" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0_%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A5_%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%90%EA%AF%9D:Wikipedia_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯋꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯐꯝ:Wikipedia referencing (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Wikipedia_referencing&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:114%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Verifiability&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Verifiability (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia referencing</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Policies and guidelines</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Verifiability&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Verifiability (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Biographies_of_living_persons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Biographies of living persons (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Biographies of living persons</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Identifying_reliable_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Identifying reliable sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Identifying reliable sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Identifying reliable sources (medicine) (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Scientific_citation_guidelines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Scientific citation guidelines (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Scientific citations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">General advice</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citation_needed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citation needed (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citation needed</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Find_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Find sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Combining_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Combining sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Combining sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Offline_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Offline sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Offline sources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Overview_of_referencing_styles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Overview of referencing styles (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Referencing styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing sources (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citing sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 1 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style 2 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citation Style 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_Style_Vancouver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation Style Vancouver (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citation Style Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%95:LSA_style_citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:LSA style citation templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">LSA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%95:Comics_citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:Comics citation templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citation templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Reflist" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Reflist">Reflist template</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Inline_citation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Inline citation (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Inline citations</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Footnotes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Footnotes (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Parenthetical_referencing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Parenthetical referencing (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Parenthetical referencing</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Shortened_footnotes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Shortened footnotes (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Shortened footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Nesting_footnotes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Nesting footnotes (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Nesting footnotes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Referencing_for_beginners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Referencing for beginners (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Help for beginners</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Reftags&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Reftags (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Reference-tags</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citations_quick_reference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citations quick reference (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citations quick reference</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Introduction to referencing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Referencing_for_beginners_with_citation_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Referencing for beginners with citation templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Referencing with citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Referencing_for_beginners_without_using_templates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Referencing for beginners without using templates (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Referencing without using templates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:References_dos_and_don%27ts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:References dos and don'ts (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Referencing dos and don'ts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Citing_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Citing Wikipedia (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citing Wikipedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Advanced help</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Cite_link_labels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Cite link labels (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Cite link labels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Citation_tools&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Citation tools (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Cite_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Cite errors (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Cite_messages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Cite messages (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Cite messages</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Converting_between_references_formats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Converting between references formats (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Converting between references formats</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:Reference_display_customization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:Reference display customization (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Reference display customization</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A1:References_and_page_numbers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯃꯇꯦꯡ:References and page numbers (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">References and page numbers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Template documentation</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Edit_refs" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Edit refs">Edit refs</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Refref&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Refref (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Refref</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Refref2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Refref2 (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Refref2</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Refstart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Refstart (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Refstart</a>}}</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:The_Wikipedia_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:The Wikipedia Library (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">Wikipedia Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Wikipedia_help_pages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Wikipedia help pages (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Wikipedia help pages</a> </p> <div class="documentation-clear"></div> </div> <div role="note" class="documentation-metadata plainlinks">The above <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Template_documentation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Template documentation (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">documentation</a> is <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5:Transclusion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ:Transclusion (ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯔꯦ)">transcluded</a> from <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc" title="ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc</a>. <span class="documentation-toolbar">(<a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:EditPage/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:EditPage/ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">edit</a> | <a href="/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%95:PageHistory/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/doc" title="ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ:PageHistory/ꯇꯦꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ:Citation/doc">history</a>)</span><br />Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox <span class="documentation-toolbar">(<a class="external text" href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/sandbox&action=edit&preload=Template%3ADocumentation%2Fpreload-sandbox">create</a> | <a class="external text" href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0:Citation/sandbox&preload=Template%3ADocumentation%2Fmirror&action=edit&summary=Create+sandbox+version+of+%5B%5B%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%3ACitation%5D%5D">mirror</a>)</span> and testcases <span class="documentation-toolbar">(<a class="external 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