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<span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Annexes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Enthousiasme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 42 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="حماسة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حماسة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuziazm" title="Entuziazm – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Entuziazm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Энтузіязм – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Энтузіязм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Захапленьне – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Захапленьне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Ентусиазъм – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ентусиазъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entusiasme" title="Entusiasme – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Entusiasme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="پەرۆشی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەرۆشی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuziasmus" title="Entuziasmus – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Entuziasmus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entusiasme" title="Entusiasme – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Entusiasme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthusiasmus" title="Enthusiasmus – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Enthusiasmus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthusiasm" title="Enthusiasm – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Enthusiasm" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuziasmo" title="Entuziasmo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Entuziasmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entusiasmo" title="Entusiasmo – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Entusiasmo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gogoberotasun" title="Gogoberotasun – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gogoberotasun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%82_(%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="اشتیاق (احساس) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اشتیاق (احساس)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent%C3%BBsjasme" title="Entûsjasme – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Entûsjasme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA" title="התלהבות – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התלהבות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odu%C5%A1evljenje" title="Oduševljenje – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Oduševljenje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lelkesed%C3%A9s" title="Lelkesedés – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lelkesedés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Խանդավառություն – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խանդավառություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuziasmo" title="Entuziasmo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Entuziasmo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entusiasmo" title="Entusiasmo – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Entusiasmo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%A5%BD" title="愛好 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="愛好" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Шабыт – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шабыт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9" title="ಉತ್ಸಾಹ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉತ್ಸಾಹ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EA%B4%91" title="열광 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="열광" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ентузијазам – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ентузијазам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthousiasme" title="Enthousiasme – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Enthousiasme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entusiasmo" title="Entusiasmo – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Entusiasmo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Энтузиазм – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Энтузиазм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuzijazam" title="Entuzijazam – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Entuzijazam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthusiasm" title="Enthusiasm – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Enthusiasm" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuziazmus" title="Entuziazmus – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Entuziazmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himilo" title="Himilo – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Himilo" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entuziazmi" title="Entuziazmi – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Entuziazmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ентузијазам – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ентузијазам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உற்சாகம் – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உற்சாகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co%C5%9Fku" title="Coşku – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Coşku" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Ентузіазм – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ентузіазм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%90%D7%96%D7%9D" title="ענטוזיאזם – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ענטוזיאזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%BF%83" title="熱心 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="熱心" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jia%CC%8Dt-k%C3%B4ng" title="Jia̍t-kông – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Jia̍t-kông" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier,_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_(All_Belfort_is_liberated)._-_NARA_-_531223.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier%2C_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_%28All_Belfort_is_liberated%29._-_NARA_-_531223.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier%2C_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_%28All_Belfort_is_liberated%29._-_NARA_-_531223.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier%2C_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_%28All_Belfort_is_liberated%29._-_NARA_-_531223.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier%2C_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_%28All_Belfort_is_liberated%29._-_NARA_-_531223.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier%2C_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_%28All_Belfort_is_liberated%29._-_NARA_-_531223.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Frenchwoman_exclaims_to_neighbor_and_to_American_soldier%2C_%22Tout_Belfort_Est_Libre%22_%28All_Belfort_is_liberated%29._-_NARA_-_531223.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2412" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><i>Tout Belfort est libre !</i> (1944).</figcaption></figure> <p>Le mot <b>enthousiasme</b> (du <a href="/wiki/Grec_ancien" title="Grec ancien">grec ancien</a> : ἐνθουσιασμός <i>enthousiasmós</i>) signifiait à l'origine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inspiration_(id%C3%A9e_cr%C3%A9atrice)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inspiration (idée créatrice) (page inexistante)">inspiration</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Possession_(anthropologie)" title="Possession (anthropologie)">possession</a> par le divin ou par la présence d'un <a href="/wiki/Dieu" title="Dieu">dieu</a> ; le terme sous-entend une communication divine. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emploi_historique">Emploi historique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Emploi historique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Emploi historique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Camp_meeting_of_the_Methodists_in_N._America_J._Milbert_del_M._Dubourg_sculp_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4867" data-file-height="3274" /></a><figcaption>Les prédicateurs méthodistes étaient des "enthousiastes" se réunissant au XVIIIe siècle</figcaption></figure> <p>À l'origine, un <b>enthousiaste</b> est une personne possédée par un dieu. Employé dans l'Antiquité grecque pour décrire les manifestations de la possession divine (par <a href="/wiki/Apollon" title="Apollon">Apollon</a> dans le cas de la <a href="/wiki/Pythie" title="Pythie">Pythie</a>, ou par <a href="/wiki/Dionysos" title="Dionysos">Dionysos</a>, dans le cas des <a href="/wiki/Bacchantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacchantes">Bacchantes</a> et des <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9nades" title="Ménades">Ménades</a>), le mot a pu avoir un sens dérivé (l'inspiration du poète notamment). </p><p>Son emploi au sens religieux se rapporte à la croyance en l'inspiration divine ou à une ferveur et une émotion intense. Une secte syrienne du <a href="/wiki/IVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IVe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a> porte ainsi le nom d'<i>Enthousiastes</i>. Ses membres estimaient que par la prière perpétuelle, les pratiques ascétiques et la <a href="/wiki/Contemplation" title="Contemplation">contemplation</a>, l'Homme pouvait être inspiré par l'<a href="/wiki/Esprit_saint" class="mw-redirect" title="Esprit saint">Esprit saint</a>, échappant ainsi à l'Esprit mauvais qui régnait depuis la <a href="/wiki/Chute_(Bible)" title="Chute (Bible)">Chute</a>. Leur croyance en l'efficacité de la prière leur a également valu l'appellation d'<a href="/wiki/Euchites" title="Euchites">euchites</a>. Plusieurs sectes <a href="/wiki/Protestantisme" title="Protestantisme">protestantes</a> du <a href="/wiki/XVIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a> et du <a href="/wiki/XVIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a> furent aussi qualifiées d'« enthousiastes ». En <a href="/wiki/Grande-Bretagne" title="Grande-Bretagne">Grande-Bretagne</a>, dans les années qui ont suivi la <a href="/wiki/Glorieuse_R%C3%A9volution" title="Glorieuse Révolution">Glorieuse Révolution</a>, l'« enthousiasme » désigna de manière péjorative le militantisme vis-à-vis d'une cause politique ou religieuse. C'était en effet l'« enthousiasme » qui était perçu comme la cause de la <a href="/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_R%C3%A9volution_anglaise" class="mw-redirect" title="Première Révolution anglaise">guerre civile anglaise</a> et des atrocités qui y sont liées. Durant le <a href="/wiki/XVIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a>, des <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9thodistes" class="mw-redirect" title="Méthodistes">méthodistes</a> populaires, tels que <a href="/wiki/John_Wesley" title="John Wesley">John Wesley</a> ou <a href="/wiki/George_Whitefield" title="George Whitefield">George Whitefield</a> furent accusés d'enthousiasme aveugle (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Fanatisme" title="Fanatisme">fanatisme</a>). </p><p>En philosophie l'enthousiasme est associé à l'expérience mystique dans laquelle l'esprit se sent habité par un sentiment de joie extatique qui a une dimension d'infini et d'éternité marquant la présence de Dieu (<a href="/wiki/Plotin" title="Plotin">Plotin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Pascal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spinoza" class="mw-redirect" title="Spinoza">Spinoza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a>…) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emploi_moderne">Emploi moderne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Emploi moderne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Emploi moderne"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Olga_Kay_(7478308436).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Olga_Kay_%287478308436%29.jpg/220px-Olga_Kay_%287478308436%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Olga_Kay_%287478308436%29.jpg/330px-Olga_Kay_%287478308436%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Olga_Kay_%287478308436%29.jpg/440px-Olga_Kay_%287478308436%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Une animatrice enthousiaste (Californie, 2012).</figcaption></figure> <p>Dans le langage ordinaire, l'enthousiasme a perdu sa connotation religieuse, et signifie une <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9votion" class="mw-disambig" title="Dévotion">dévotion</a> complète à un idéal, une cause, des études ou une quête, qui se traduit par de la joie et de l'excitation. Parfois, et avec un sens péjoratif, il implique un esprit partisan, aveugle aux difficultés et sourd aux arguments adverses. </p><p>L'écrivain de <a href="/wiki/Science-fiction" title="Science-fiction">science-fiction</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_M._Disch" title="Thomas M. Disch">Thomas M. Disch</a> a suggéré que les expériences mystiques du romancier <a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick" title="Philip K. Dick">Philip K. Dick</a> se rapportaient à une forme d'enthousiasme. </p><p>Des philosophes inspirés par Spinoza comme <a href="/wiki/Robert_Misrahi" title="Robert Misrahi">Robert Misrahi</a> et Bruno Giuliani affirment que l'enthousiasme est, avec la sérénité, une composante essentielle du bonheur dans la mesure où le bonheur est « une joie capable de combler la totalité de la conscience, ce qui demande à la fois d'éprouver une totale confiance — sérénité — et une totale motivation — enthousiasme. »<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Bruno Giuliani, <i>L'Amour de la sagesse, initiation à la philosophie</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Annexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Enthusiasm?uselang=fr">Enthousiasme</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/enthousiasme" class="extiw" title="wikt:enthousiasme">enthousiasme</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li><li class="wikisource"><a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Enthousiasme" class="extiw" title="s:Enthousiasme">Enthousiasme</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikisource</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hervé Collet, <i>Dieu ou rien ? : traité de l'enthousiasme</i>, Éditions de La Martinière, Paris, 2009, 138 p. <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7324-3899-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7324-3899-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7324-3899-3</span></a>)</small>.</li> <li>Claire Crignon-De Oliveira (dir.), <i>L'enthousiasme : crises politico-religieuses et critiques philosophiques (<abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles)</i>, Presses universitaires de France, Paris, 2008 (numéro de <i>Revue de métaphysique et de morale</i>, 2008, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">291-430</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-13-056794-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-13-056794-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-13-056794-3</span></a>)</small>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Knox" title="Ronald Knox">Ronald Knox</a>, <i>Enthusiasm</i>, Oxford, The Clarendon Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a>, <i>An Essay Concerning Human Understanding</i>, vol. 2, New York, Dover Publications.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susie_Tucker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susie Tucker (page inexistante)">Susie Tucker</a>, <i>Enthusiasm: A Study in Semantic Change</i>, London, Cambridge University Press.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extase" title="Extase">Extase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanatisme" title="Fanatisme">Fanatisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_(admirateur)" title="Fan (admirateur)">Fan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enthousiasme&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840407?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//entusiasme/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0103345.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840407?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119823166">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119823166">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/02787477X">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85044112">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4152356-8">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX531839">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007550788305171">Israël</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.english.upenn.edu/~mgamer/Etexts/hume.superstition.html">David Hume, <i>Of Superstition and Enthusiasm</i></a>.</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ronaldknoxsociety.com/enthus.html">The Ronald Knox Society of North America</a>.</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/61/14/E0161400.html"><i>The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i> : « enthusiasm »</a>.</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gbgm-umc.org/UMHistory/Wesley/sermons/serm-037.stm">John Wesley, <i>The Nature of Enthusiasm</i></a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#BFD7FF;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_%C3%89motion" title="Modèle:Palette Émotion"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_%C3%89motion&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89motion" title="Émotion">Émotion</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#CFE1FF; text-align:right; width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/Affect" title="Affect">Affects</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFEBFF; text-align:right; width:60px;">Émotions de base</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joie" title="Joie">Joie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristesse" title="Tristesse">Tristesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Col%C3%A8re" title="Colère">Colère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peur" title="Peur">Peur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9go%C3%BBt" title="Dégoût">Dégoût</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#DFEBFF; text-align:right; width:60px;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89motion" title="Émotion">Émotions</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Sentiment" title="Sentiment">sentiments</a><br />et <a href="/wiki/Humeur" title="Humeur">humeurs</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activation_physiologique" title="Activation physiologique">Activation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affection" title="Affection">Affection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angoisse" title="Angoisse">Angoisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anxi%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Anxiété">Agitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peur" title="Peur">Alerte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali%C3%A9nation_mentale" title="Aliénation mentale">Aliénation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affection" title="Affection">Amabilité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amour" title="Amour">Amour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amusement_(%C3%A9motion)" title="Amusement (émotion)">Amusement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anxi%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Anxiété">Anxiété</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ardeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attention" title="Attention">Attention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attraction_interpersonnelle" title="Attraction interpersonnelle">Attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awe_(%C3%A9motion)" title="Awe (émotion)">Awe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souffrance" title="Souffrance">Blessure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chagrin_(humeur)" title="Chagrin (humeur)">Chagrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion" title="Compassion">Compassion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrari%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Contrariété">Contrariété</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culpabilit%C3%A9_(%C3%A9motion)" title="Culpabilité (émotion)">Culpabilité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9faitisme" title="Défaitisme">Défaitisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9paysement" title="Dépaysement">Dépaysement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9pression_(psychiatrie)" title="Dépression (psychiatrie)">Déprime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9ception" title="Déception">Déception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9pris_(%C3%A9motion)" title="Mépris (émotion)">Dédain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sir" title="Désir">Désir</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dor_(sentiment)" title="Dor (sentiment)">Dor</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souffrance" title="Souffrance">Détresse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peur" title="Peur">Effroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embarras" title="Embarras">Embarras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empathie" title="Empathie">Empathie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration" title="Adoration">Engouement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennui" title="Ennui">Ennui</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Enthousiasme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entichement" title="Entichement">Entichement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Envie" title="Envie">Envie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peur_panique" title="Peur panique">Épouvante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espoir_(philosophie)" title="Espoir (philosophie)">Espoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tonnement" title="Étonnement">Étonnement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphorie" title="Euphorie">Euphorie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joie" title="Joie">Exaltation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrari%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Contrariété">Exaspération</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stimulation" title="Stimulation">Excitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extase" title="Extase">Extase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9rocit%C3%A9" title="Férocité">Férocité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiert%C3%A9" title="Fierté">Fierté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisson" title="Frisson">Frisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frustration" title="Frustration">Frustration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fureur" title="Fureur">Fureur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaiet%C3%A9" class="mw-disambig" title="Gaieté">Gaieté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haine" title="Haine">Haine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honte" title="Honte">Honte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostilit%C3%A9" title="Hostilité">Hostilité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humiliation" title="Humiliation">Humiliation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hygge" title="Hygge">Hygge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyst%C3%A9rie" title="Hystérie">Hystérie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anxi%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Anxiété">Inquiétude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ins%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" title="Insécurité">Insécurité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulte" title="Insulte">Insulte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irritabilit%C3%A9" title="Irritabilité">Irritation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolement" title="Isolement">Isolement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolement_social" title="Isolement social">Isolement social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalousie" title="Jalousie">Jalousie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joie_de_vivre_(expression)" title="Joie de vivre (expression)">Joie de vivre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joie" title="Joie">Jubilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerence" title="Limerence">Limerence</a></li> <li><a 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