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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historical background</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historical_background-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Historical background subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historical_background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rise_of_Jung_Bahadur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rise_of_Jung_Bahadur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Rise of Jung Bahadur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rise_of_Jung_Bahadur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kot_massacre_episode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kot_massacre_episode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kot massacre episode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kot_massacre_episode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_Jang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_Jang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rana Regime; Rule of Jang</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_Jang-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Rana Regime; Rule of Jang subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_Jang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Battle_of_Alau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_of_Alau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Battle of Alau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_of_Alau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rise_to_royalty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rise_to_royalty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Rise to royalty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rise_to_royalty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_the_Shamshers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_the_Shamshers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Rana Regime; Rule of the Shamshers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_the_Shamshers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kunwar_family_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kunwar_family_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kunwar family tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kunwar_family_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rana_Prime_Ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rana_Prime_Ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Rana Prime Ministers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rana_Prime_Ministers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Rana Prime Ministers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Rana_Prime_Ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Rana_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Rana_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable Rana members</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_Rana_members-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable Rana members subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_Rana_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_notable_connected_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_notable_connected_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Other notable connected members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_notable_connected_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> 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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rana dynasty</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="রাণা বংশ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাণা বংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranade_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Ranade dünastia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ranade dünastia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Rana" title="Dinastía Rana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía Rana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%BE_%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%B6" title="રાણા વંશ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રાણા વંશ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="राणा वंश – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राणा वंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Rana" title="Dinasti Rana – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Rana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_(famiglia)" title="Rana (famiglia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rana (famiglia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="राणा वंश – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="राणा वंश" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="राणा वंश – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राणा वंश" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%8A%E5%AE%B6" title="ラナ家 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラナ家" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana-dynastiet" title="Rana-dynastiet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rana-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Rana" title="Dinastia Rana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dinastia Rana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Рана (династия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рана (династия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ராணா வம்சம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராணா வம்சம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%8D%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="拉納王朝 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="拉納王朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Nepali Kshetri dynasty (1846–1951)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rana_dynasty" title="Special:EditPage/Rana dynasty">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Rana+dynasty%22">"Rana dynasty"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Rana+dynasty%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Rana+dynasty%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Rana+dynasty%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Rana+dynasty%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Rana+dynasty%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Rana dynasty<br /><div style="display:inline;" class="nickname" lang="ne">राणा वंश</div><br /><div class="nickname" style="display:inline;font-size:78%">Ranas of Nepal</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="164" data-file-height="197" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_(19th_century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_%2819th_century%29.svg/100px-Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_%2819th_century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_%2819th_century%29.svg/150px-Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_%2819th_century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_%2819th_century%29.svg/200px-Royal_standards_of_the_Rana_Dynasty_%2819th_century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2126" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1846</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana"> Bir Narsingh Kunwar</a> (Jung Bahadur Rana)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current head</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pashupati_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashupati Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Pashupati Shumsher Rana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final ruler</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Shumsher" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohan Shumsher">Mohan Shumsher Rana</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Titles</th><td class="infobox-data">Shree Teen Maharaja of Nepal, Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" lang="ne"><i>"<a href="/wiki/Janani_Janmabhumishcha_Swargadapi_Gariyasi" title="Janani Janmabhumishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi">Janani Janmabhumishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi</a>"</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Mother and Motherland are superior to heaven</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Properties</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rana_palaces_of_Nepal" title="Rana palaces of Nepal">Rana palaces of Nepal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissolution</th><td class="infobox-data">1951</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background-color:#ff3333"><a href="/wiki/Rana_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Rana Dynasty">Rana Dynasty</a><br /><span style="font-size:80%;">1846–1951 CE</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chandra Shamsher and sons"><img alt="Chandra Shamsher and sons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg/164px-Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg" decoding="async" width="164" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg/246px-Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg/328px-Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1196" data-file-height="763" /></a></span></td><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of Arms of Rana dynasty"><img alt="Coat of Arms of Rana dynasty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg/90px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg/135px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Coat_of_Arms_of_Rana_dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="164" data-file-height="197" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur Rana">Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1846–1877 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Bam_Bahadur_Kunwar_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bam Bahadur Kunwar Rana">Bam Bahadur Kunwar Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1856–1857 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Ranodip_Singh_Kunwar" title="Ranodip Singh Kunwar">Ranoddip Singh Kunwar</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1877–1885 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Bir_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1885–1901 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Dev_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dev Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Dev Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1901–1901 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1901–1929 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Bhim_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhim Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Bhim Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1929–1932 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Juddha_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1932–1945 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Padma_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Padma Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Padma Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff3333;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1945–1948 CE)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px #fefefe solid"> <a href="/wiki/Mohan_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Mohan Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></td><td style="background-color:#ff6666;font-weight:bold;border-left:1px #fefefe solid"> (1948–1951 CE)</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranas_of_Nepal" title="Template:Ranas of Nepal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranas_of_Nepal" title="Template talk:Ranas of Nepal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranas_of_Nepal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranas of Nepal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Rana dynasty</b> ([राणा वंश] <span style="color:#d33">Error: {{Langx}}: invalid parameter: |IAST= (<a href="/wiki/Category:Lang_and_lang-xx_template_errors" title="Category:Lang and lang-xx template errors">help</a>)</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Sanskrit:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sa-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sanskrit" title="Help:IPA/Sanskrit">[raːɳaː<span class="wrap"> </span>ʋɐ̃ɕɐ]</a></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Nepali:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ne-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Nepali" title="Help:IPA/Nepali">[raɳa<span class="wrap"> </span>bʌŋsʌ]</a></span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Chhetri" title="Chhetri">Chhetri</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dynasty that<sup id="cite_ref-google_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> imposed <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarianism</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a> from 1846 until 1951, reducing the <a href="/wiki/Shah_dynasty" title="Shah dynasty">Shah monarch</a> to a figurehead and making the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Nepal">Prime Minister</a> and other government positions held by the Ranas hereditary. The Rana dynasty is historically known for their iron-fisted rule in Nepal.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This changed after the <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_1951" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution of 1951">Revolution of 1951</a> with the promulgation of a new constitution, when power shifted back to the monarchy of <a href="/wiki/King_Tribhuvan" class="mw-redirect" title="King Tribhuvan">King Tribhuvan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Rana dynasty were descended from the <a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a>, a nobility of the <a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Kingdom" title="Gorkha Kingdom">Gorkha Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to their marital lineages with the politically reigning <a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a> (of <i><a href="/wiki/Mukhtiyar" title="Mukhtiyar">Mukhtiyar</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Thapa" title="Bhimsen Thapa">Bhimsen Thapa</a>) from the early 19th century, the Ranas gained entry to central <a href="/wiki/Durbar_(court)" title="Durbar (court)">Darbar</a> politics.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201211-12_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201211-12-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ranas were also linked to a minor faction of the <a href="/wiki/Pande_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Pande dynasty">Pande dynasty</a> of Gorkha through the Thapa dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fabricated_Origins">Fabricated Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Fabricated Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Please note that the following genealogy by Daniel Wright was most likely fabricated during the nineteenth century, and there is no historical evidence before that time to back it up.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chronicler Daniel Wright has published the genealogy of <a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Kunwar_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur Kunwar Rana">Jang Bahadur Kunwar Rana</a>. The genealogy begins with Tattā Rāṇā as <a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a> (King) of <a href="/wiki/Chittaurgarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Chittaurgarh">Chittaurgarh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877285-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His nephew Fakht Siṃha Rāṇā had a son named Rāma Siṃha Rāṇā, who came to the hills after the siege of Chittaur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877285-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was employed by a hill Raja for ten or twelve months who wanted to retain Rāma Siṃha in his country. The hill Raja asked for the daughter of the <a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a> of Bīnātī, a Bagāle <a href="/wiki/Chhetri" title="Chhetri">Kṣetrī</a>, and married her to Rāma Siṃha.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877285-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had six sons over 10–12 years, one of whom was recognized by the title of <i><a href="/wiki/Kunwar" title="Kunwar">Kum̐vara</a> <a href="/wiki/Khadka" title="Khadka">Khaḍkā</a></i> for bravery displayed in the battle against Raja of Satān Koṭ.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877285-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title was used by his descendants. Rāma Siṃha was suddenly met by his younger brother who requested him to return Chittaur for once, and Rāma Siṃha died reaching there.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hill Raja made Rāma Siṃha's son Rāut Kunwar a nobleman (Sardār) and commandant of the army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ahirāma Kunwar, a son of Rāut Kunwar, was invited by the King of Kaski and was made a nobleman with a birta or jagir of Dhuage Saghu village.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King of Kaski asked for the hand of Ahirāma's daughter, who was a great beauty, through only Kalas Puja, to which Ahirāma replied to give his daughter only through lawful marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King brought his troops and tried to take on the village by force.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ahirāma was supported by the villagers belonging to the Parājulī Thāpā caste and a war was initiated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, Ahirāma took his immediate family including two sons namely; <a href="/wiki/Ram_Krishna_Kunwar" title="Ram Krishna Kunwar">Ram Krishna Kunwar</a> and Jaya Krishna Kunwar, to the King of Gorkha, <a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Narayan_Shah" title="Prithvi Narayan Shah">Prithvi Narayan Shah</a> where the lands of Kunwar-Khola were given to them as <i>birta</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877286–87_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877286–87-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Whelpton" title="John Whelpton">John Whelpton</a> opines that the Kunwar origin legend which states that the first of their ancestors to enter the hill married a daughter of Bagale Kshetri might have directed their family links to <a href="/wiki/Bagale_Thapa" title="Bagale Thapa">Bagale Thapa</a>, the clan of Mukhtiyar <a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Thapa" title="Bhimsen Thapa">Bhimsen Thapa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhelpton199136_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhelpton199136-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Rana dynasty descended from <i>Kunwar</i> Kumbhakaran Singh, younger brother of <a href="/wiki/Guhila_dynasty" title="Guhila dynasty">Guhila</a> King of <a href="/wiki/Mewar" title="Mewar">Mewar</a>, Rawal <a href="/wiki/Ratnasimha" title="Ratnasimha">Ratnasimha</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chittorgarh_(1303)" title="Siege of Chittorgarh (1303)">first siege of Chittorgarh</a> in 1303 A.D., Kumbhakaran Singh's descendants left <a href="/wiki/Mewar" title="Mewar">Mewar</a> to the north, towards the Himalayan foothills, according to the book "Rana's Of Nepal" where the preface is written by <a href="/wiki/Arvind_Singh_Mewar" title="Arvind Singh Mewar">Arvind Singh Mewar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Rana dynasty claimed to be Rajputs of western Indian origin, rather than the native Khas Kshatriyas despite the fact that they spoke <a href="/wiki/Khas_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Khas language">Khas language</a> and attempted to disassociate from their <a href="/wiki/Khas_people" title="Khas people">Khas</a> past.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichard_Burghart1984118–119_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichard_Burghart1984118–119-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, many historians are of the opinion that ruling families in Nepal often claim <a href="/wiki/Rajput" title="Rajput">Indian Rajput</a> descent for political purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-Singh1997_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh1997-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ranas claimed the <a href="/wiki/Vats_(clan)" title="Vats (clan)">Vatsa</a> <a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">gotra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_background">Historical background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ram_Krishna_Kunwar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Ram_Krishna_Kunwar.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="126" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">Sardar</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Ram_Krishna_Kunwar" title="Ram Krishna Kunwar">Ram Krishna Kunwar</a>, prominent male ancestor of Ranas of Nepal</figcaption></figure> <p>The founder of this dynasty was <a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Kunwar_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur Kunwar Rana">Jang Bahadur Kunwar Rana</a>, who belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was then considered a noble family of <a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a> status.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jang Bahadur was a son of Gorkhali governor <a href="/wiki/Bal_Narsingh_Kunwar" title="Bal Narsingh Kunwar">Bal Narsingh Kunwar</a> and nephew of <a href="/wiki/Mathabarsingh_Thapa" title="Mathabarsingh Thapa">Mathabarsingh Thapa</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201211-12_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201211-12-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the reigning <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Nepal" title="Prime Minister of Nepal">Prime Minister of Nepal</a> (1843–1845) from the <a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya2012177-178_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya2012177-178-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bal Narsingh Kunwar was the son of Kaji <a href="/wiki/Ranajit_Kunwar" title="Ranajit Kunwar">Ranajit Kunwar</a> and grandson of <i><a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">Sardar</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Ram_Krishna_Kunwar" title="Ram Krishna Kunwar">Ram Krishna Kunwar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was prominent military general of King <a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Narayan_Shah" title="Prithvi Narayan Shah">Prithvi Narayan Shah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamal1995180–181_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamal1995180–181-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ram Krishna Kunwar was born to Ahiram Kunwar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were ample of rewards and recognitions received by <i>Sardar</i> Ram Krishna Kunwar from the Gorkhali monarch Prithvi Narayan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamal1995181_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamal1995181-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His grandson Bal Narsingh was initially a follower of the renounced King <a href="/wiki/Rana_Bahadur_Shah" title="Rana Bahadur Shah">Rana Bahadur Shah</a> and Kaji <a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Thapa" title="Bhimsen Thapa">Bhimsen Thapa</a>, and followed the King in his exile to <a href="/wiki/Banaras" class="mw-redirect" title="Banaras">Banaras</a> on 1 May 1800.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201213_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201213-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the night of 25 April 1806, King Rana Bahadur was killed by step-brother Sher Bahadur in desperation after which Bal Narsingh immediately killed the King's assassin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENepal200762–63_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENepal200762–63-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201227–28_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201227–28-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a close ally of the influential minister Bhimsen Thapa,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who initiated a great massacre at Bhandarkhal garden following the chaos from the King's murder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201268–71_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201268–71-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENepal200763–64_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENepal200763–64-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following closeness to Mukhtiyar Bhimsen, he became the son-in-law of Bhimsen's brother <i>Kaji </i> <a href="/wiki/Nain_Singh_Thapa" title="Nain Singh Thapa">Nain Singh Thapa</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The close relatives and supporters of Thapa faction replaced the old courtiers and administrators.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kunwar family came to power being relatives of powerful Mukhtiyar Bhimsen Thapa. Similarly, Kunwars were related to <a href="/wiki/Pande_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Pande dynasty">Pande dynasty</a> by their maternal grandmother Rana Kumari Pande who was daughter of <i><a href="/wiki/Mulkaji" title="Mulkaji">Mulkaji</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Ranajit_Pande" title="Ranajit Pande">Ranajit Pande</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rise_of_Jung_Bahadur">Rise of Jung Bahadur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rise of Jung Bahadur"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg/220px-Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg/330px-Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg/440px-Jang_Bahadur_Ranaji.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="825" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Kunwar Ranaji</a>, founder of Rana dynasty</figcaption></figure> <p>Bal Narsingh's son <i>Kaji</i> <a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Kunwar</a> became a significant person in the central politics of Nepal during the prime ministership of his uncle <a href="/wiki/Mathabar_Singh_Thapa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathabar Singh Thapa">Mathabar Singh Thapa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 May 1845 around 11 pm, Mathabar Singh was summoned to the royal palace and was assassinated in a cold blood by Jung Bahadur on the royal orders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was considered to have been merciless, ruthless and fatal due to his association with Mathabar Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jung Bahadur was made a <a href="/wiki/Kaji_(Nepal)" title="Kaji (Nepal)">Kaji</a> (equivalent to minister) after following the order of assassination of Mathabar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the night of 14 September 1846, Queen <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Lakshmi_Devi" title="Rajya Lakshmi Devi">Rajya Lakshmi Devi</a> summoned the courtiers on the mysterious murderer of her aide <i>General Kaji</i> <a href="/wiki/Gagan_Singh_Bhandari" title="Gagan Singh Bhandari">Gagan Singh</a>, to which courtiers hurried to the Kot quickly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the courtiers were unarmed except for a sword, as they had responded immediately to the royal summons. The armies allocated by <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Rana</a> also had taken most of the arms of courtiers who had managed to bring them. Queen Rajya Lakshmi Devi and King <a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Bikram_Shah" title="Rajendra Bikram Shah">Rajendra Bikram Shah</a> were also present in the Kot.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137–145_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137–145-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Queen Rajya Lakshmi demanded the execution of Kaji Bir Keshar (Kishor) Pande on alleged suspicion to which General <a href="/wiki/Abhiman_Singh_Rana_Magar" title="Abhiman Singh Rana Magar">Abhiman Singh Rana Magar</a> looked towards King for confirmation. Jang misinformed Queen that Abhiman Singh's troops were arriving for overpowering the Queen's faction and demanded an immediate arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abhiman tried to force his way out and was killed by Jung's soldier. In the chaos followed, Jung and his brothers began bloodshed and many rival nobles and courtiers were eliminated by them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630–31_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630–31-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The letter to British Resident <a href="/wiki/Henry_Montgomery_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Montgomery Lawrence">Henry Montgomery Lawrence</a> stated that there were 32 Bharadars (courtiers) killed in the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStiller1981304–306_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStiller1981304–306-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kot_massacre_episode">Kot massacre episode</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kot massacre episode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Jang Bahadur refused the Junior Queen's request to place Prince Ranendra in the place of Crown Prince <a href="/wiki/Surendra_of_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Surendra of Nepal">Surendra of Nepal</a>, the Queen secretly contacted the victims of Kot and conspired to assassinate Jung Bahadur in the royal Bhandarkhal garden. After receiving a command from the Queen to come to Bhandarkhal, Jang Bahadur took his fully armed troops and headed towards the garden. The troops killed the chief conspirator, Birdhwaj Basnyat on the way, and marched towards Bhandarkhal where seeing Jang Bahadur approach fully armed with his troops, the other conspirators started to flee. 23 people were killed in the massacre while 15 escaped.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 23rd of September 1846, all officers of military and bureaucracy were called upon to their respective offices within 10 days. Then, Jung Bahadur appointed his brothers and nephews to the highest ranks of the government.<sup id="cite_ref-Britanta_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britanta-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He consolidated the position of premiership after conducting <a href="/wiki/Kot_massacre" title="Kot massacre">Kot massacre</a> (Kot Parva) and Bhandarkhal Parva<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the basic templates provided by his maternal <a href="/wiki/Grand-uncle" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand-uncle">grand-uncle</a> <i>Mukhtiyar</i> <a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Thapa" title="Bhimsen Thapa">Bhimsen Thapa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201211-12_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201211-12-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_Jang"><span id="Rana_Regime.3B_Rule_of_Jang"></span>Rana Regime; Rule of Jang</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rana Regime; Rule of Jang"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the massacres of Kot and Bhandarkhal, the <a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pande_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Pande dynasty">Pandes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basnyat_family" title="Basnyat family">Basnyats</a> and other citizens had settled in <a href="/wiki/Banaras" class="mw-redirect" title="Banaras">Banaras</a>. Similarly, some citizens had gone to settle in <a href="/wiki/Nautanwa" title="Nautanwa">Nautanwa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bettiah" title="Bettiah">Bettiah</a>. <i>Chautariya</i> Guru Prasad Shah too had gone to live with the King of Bettiah. After knowing about the presence of the King and the Queen in Benaras, Guru Prasad went there and started to congregate an army and a plan to execute Jung Bahadur started to be formed.<sup id="cite_ref-Britanta_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britanta-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_of_Alau">Battle of Alau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Battle of Alau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 12 May 1847, Jung Bahadur gave a speech in <a href="/wiki/Tundikhel" title="Tundikhel">Tundikhel</a>. There he accused the King of the attempted assassination of the Prince and the Prime Minister. The Council then decided to dethrone King Rajendra deeming him mentally ill, and on the same day <a href="/wiki/Surendra_of_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Surendra of Nepal">Surendra</a> was crowned as the new king of Nepal. Hearing the news of the coronation of Surendra, Rajendra decided to take the responsibility of removing Jung Bahadur upon himself and declaring himself as the leader of the army, he left Benaras. Rajendra then appointed Guru Prasad Shah as the Chief of the Army for the operation of removal of Jung Bahadur Rana from Nepal and started to accumulate weapons and training the troops. Antagonism from the <a href="/wiki/Company_rule_in_India" title="Company rule in India">British-India Company</a> forced Rajendra and his troops to enter Nepal. On 23 July, the troops reached a village called <a href="/wiki/Alau,_Nepal" title="Alau, Nepal">Alau</a> in Bara and set a camp there. One spy group of the Government of Nepal was keeping close eyes on the event of the rebel groups at <a href="/wiki/Bettiah" title="Bettiah">Bettiah</a>. They sent the news to Jung Bahadur, immediately after which he sent a troop in the leadership of Sanak Singh Tandon to Alau. They were told to suppress the rebellions, arrest Rajendra and bring him to Kathmandu. On 27 July, the <i>Gorakhnath Paltan</i> (Gorakhnath Battalion) reached and rested in a village called <a href="/wiki/Simraungadh" class="mw-redirect" title="Simraungadh">Simraungadh</a>, not too far from Alau. The battle of Alau was a decisive one between the forces of King Rajendra and Jang Bahadur. The King lost significantly in the battle. If the massacre of Kot had established Jung Bahadur as a dictator, the battle of Alau had helped him strengthen his dictatorship. Rajendra was imprisoned in an old palace in Bhaktapur.<sup id="cite_ref-Britanta_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britanta-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rise_to_royalty">Rise to royalty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rise to royalty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 15 May 1848, a <i>lal mohar</i> (royal seal) was issued, issued claiming descent for the Kunwars/self-style Ranas from <a href="/wiki/Sisodia_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Sisodia Dynasty">Ranas of Mewar</a> and authorizing the Kunwar family of Jang Bahadur to style themselves as <b>Kunwar Ranaji</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991253_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991253-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 August 1856, Jang Bahadur Kunwar (now Ranaji) was conferred the title of <a href="/wiki/Maharaja" title="Maharaja">Maharaja</a> (<b>Great King</b>) of Kaski and Lamjung, two former hill principalities, by King of Nepal, <a href="/wiki/Surendra_Bikram_Shah" title="Surendra Bikram Shah">Surendra Bikram Shah</a>. This was done through indirect control of the king via his wife <a href="/wiki/Trailokya_Rajya_Lakshmi_Devi" title="Trailokya Rajya Lakshmi Devi">Queen Trailokya</a>, and through threats against the king.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991187_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991187-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before this, the Ranas had merely been regarded as Khas-Chhetris, and had had no pretensions to any kind of royal origin.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rana_Regime;_Rule_of_the_Shamshers"><span id="Rana_Regime.3B_Rule_of_the_Shamshers"></span>Rana Regime; Rule of the Shamshers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Rana Regime; Rule of the Shamshers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg/220px-Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg/330px-Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg/440px-Bir_Shamsher_JBR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="825" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bir_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Bir Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a>, the first Shumsher Rana ruler</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1885, the Shumsher family, the nephews of <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Kunwar Rana</a>, murdered many of the sons of <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur" class="mw-redirect" title="Jung Bahadur">Jung Bahadur</a> and took over Nepal in a military <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> thus bringing in the rule of the Shumsher Rana family also known as the Satra Bhai (17 brothers) Rana family. They murdered <a href="/wiki/Ranodip_Singh_Kunwar" title="Ranodip Singh Kunwar">Ranodip Singh Kunwar</a> and occupied the hereditary throne of Prime Minister. After this they added <a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur">Jang Bahadur</a> to their name, although they were descended from Jang's younger brother Dhir Shumsher.<sup id="cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kunwar_family_tree">Kunwar family tree</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Kunwar family tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rana_dynasty" title="Special:EditPage/Rana dynasty">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b><a href="/wiki/Ram_Krishna_Kunwar" title="Ram Krishna Kunwar">Ram Krishna Kunwar</a></b></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Ranajit_Kunwar" title="Ranajit Kunwar">Ranajit Kunwar</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b><a href="/wiki/Bal_Narsingh_Kunwar" title="Bal Narsingh Kunwar">Bal Narsingh Kunwar</a></b></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Balaram Kunwar</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Rewant Kunwar</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Bhakta Bir Kunwar</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b><a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Kunwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur Kunwar">Jang Bahadur Kunwar</a></b></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Bam_Bahadur_Kunwar" title="Bam Bahadur Kunwar">Bam Bahadur Kunwar</a></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Badri Narsingh Kunwar</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Jaya Bahadur Kunwar</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Krishna Bahadur Kunwar</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><b><a href="/wiki/Ranodip_Singh_Kunwar" title="Ranodip Singh Kunwar">Ranauddip Singh Kunwar</a></b></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Jagat Shamsher Kunwar</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Dhir_Shamsher_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhir Shamsher Rana">Dhir Shamsher Kunwar</a></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rana_Prime_Ministers">Rana Prime Ministers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Rana Prime Ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nine Rana rulers took the hereditary office(s) of Prime Minister, Supreme Commander-in-Chief and Grand Master of the Royal Orders. All were crowned as the Maharaja of <a href="/wiki/Lamjung_District" title="Lamjung District">Lamjung</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaski_District" title="Kaski District">Kaski</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranajit_Kunwar" title="Ranajit Kunwar">Ranajit Kunwar</a> Rana (1723–1815) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Narsingh_Kunwar" title="Bal Narsingh Kunwar">Bal Narsingh Kunwar</a> Rana (1783–1841) <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>I. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Kunwar Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Bath" title="Order of the Bath">GCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCSI</a> (18 June 1816 – 25 February 1877). Prime Minister and C-in-C 15 September 1846 to 1 August 1856 and from 28 June 1857 until his death. Granted the hereditary title of <i>Rana</i> on 5 May 1848, as a suffix to the male members of his family. Granted the hereditary title of <i>Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski</i> (to be enjoyed ‘offspring to offspring’, and the hereditary offices of Prime Minister and C-in-C (to be enjoyed in succession by his surviving brothers, his sons, then his nephews), 6 August 1856. Received a <a href="/wiki/Salute" title="Salute">salute</a> of 19 guns from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bam_Bahadur_Kunwar" title="Bam Bahadur Kunwar">Bam Bahadur Kunwar</a> Rana (1818 – 25 May 1857; Prime Minister: 1 August 1856 – 25 May 1857)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>II. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Ranodip_Singh_Kunwar" title="Ranodip Singh Kunwar">Ranodip Singh Kunwar</a> (aka Ranodip Singh Rana)</b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">KCSI</a> (3 April 1825 – assassinated 22 November 1885). Ruled 25 February 1877 to 22 November 1885.</li> <li>General Sri <a href="/wiki/Dhir_Shumsher_Kunwar_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhir Shumsher Kunwar Rana">Dhir Shumsher Kunwar Rana</a> (1828–1884) <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>III. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Bir_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCSI</a> (10 December 1852 – 5 March 1901). Ruled 22 November 1885 to 5 March 1901.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>IV. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Dev_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Dev Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Dev Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></b> (17 July 1862 – 20 February 1914). Ruled 5 March to 27 June 1901, when as a result of his progressive nature, he was deposed by his relatives and <a href="/wiki/Exile" title="Exile">exiled</a> to India.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>V. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Bath" title="Order of the Bath">GCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCSI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" title="Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order" title="Royal Victorian Order">GCVO</a> (8 July 1863 – 26 November 1929). Ruled 27 June 1901 to 26 November 1929. <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>IX. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Mohan_Shumsher_JBR" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohan Shumsher JBR">Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Bath" title="Order of the Bath">GCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCIE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">GBE</a> (23 December 1885 – 6 January 1967). Ruled 30 April 1948 to 18 February 1951, at which date he was divested of his titles and later went to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>VI. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Bhim_Shumsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhim Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Bhim Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCSI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" title="Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order" title="Royal Victorian Order">KCVO</a> (16 April 1865 – 1 September 1932). Ruled 26 November 1929 to 1 September 1932. <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>VIII. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Padma_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCSI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Indian_Empire" title="Order of the Indian Empire">GCIE</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">GBE</a>, (5 December 1882 – 11 April 1961). Ruled 29 November 1945 to 30 April 1948, whereupon he <a href="/wiki/Abdicated" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdicated">abdicated</a> in favor of his cousin.</li></ul></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b>VII. Shrī Tīn <a href="/wiki/Juddha_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Juddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Juddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Bath" title="Order of the Bath">GCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Order of the Star of India">GCSI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Indian_Empire" title="Order of the Indian Empire">GCIE</a> (19 April 1875 – 20 November 1952). Ruled 1 September 1932 to 29 November 1945, whereupon he <a href="/wiki/Abdication" title="Abdication">abdicated</a> in favour of his nephew.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Succession">Succession</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Succession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Succession to the role of the Prime Ministers and the title of <i>Shree Teen Maharaja of Nepal and Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski</i> was by <a href="/wiki/Agnatic_seniority" title="Agnatic seniority">agnatic seniority</a>, by which the oldest male heir among the sons of equal (a-class) marriages in a generation would succeed. The order of succession was determined by seniority, with each eligible male heir holding a military command, as follows: </p> <ol><li>Prime Minister and Commander-in-Chief (Mukhtiyar the Heir Apparent, with the rank of Field Marshal).</li> <li>Western Commanding-General.</li> <li>Eastern Commanding-General.</li> <li>Southern Commanding-General.</li> <li>Northern Commanding-General.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Rana_members">Notable Rana members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notable Rana members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bam_Bahadur_Kunwar" title="Bam Bahadur Kunwar">Bam Bahadur Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranodip_Singh_Kunwar" title="Ranodip Singh Kunwar">Ranodip Singh Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baber_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Baber Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Baber Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhim_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Bhim Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Bhim Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shumsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dev_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Dev Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Dev Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaurav_Shumsher_JB_Rana" title="Gaurav Shumsher JB Rana">Gaurav Shumsher JB Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juddha_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Juddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Juddha Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Kaiser Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Kaiser Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiran_Shumsher_Rana" title="Kiran Shumsher Rana">Kiran Shumsher Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhukar_Shamsher_Rana" title="Madhukar Shamsher Rana">Madhukar Shamsher Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara_Shumsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" title="Nara Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Nara Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nir_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Nir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Nir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Bikram_Rana" title="Om Bikram Rana">Om Bikram Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupati_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashupati Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana">Pashupati Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradip_Shumsher_J.B.R." title="Pradip Shumsher J.B.R.">Pradip Shumsher J.B.R.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratna_Shumsher_J.B.R." title="Ratna Shumsher J.B.R.">Ratna Shumsher J.B.R.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Rudra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Rudra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satchit_Rana" title="Satchit Rana">Satchit Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toran_Shumsher_Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Toran Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana">Toran Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udaya_Shumsher_Rana" title="Udaya Shumsher Rana">Udaya Shumsher Rana</a>,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_notable_connected_members">Other notable connected members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other notable connected members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abhiyan_JB_Rana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abhiyan JB Rana (page does not exist)">Abhiyan JB Rana</a> great grandson of <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Bahadur_Pande" title="Prithvi Bahadur Pande">Prithvi Bahadur Pande</a>, son-in-law of Himalaya Shamsher JBR</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranajit_Pande" title="Ranajit Pande">Ranajit Pande</a>, maternal grandfather of Ganesh Kumari, mother of <a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rana_couple.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major-General Vishnu Shamsher Rana and wife"><img alt="Major-General Vishnu Shamsher Rana and wife" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Rana_couple.jpg/89px-Rana_couple.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Rana_couple.jpg/133px-Rana_couple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Rana_couple.jpg/178px-Rana_couple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="790" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Major-General Vishnu Shamsher Rana and wife</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rana_family_1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commanding General Babar Shumsher Rana and family"><img alt="Commanding General Babar Shumsher Rana and family" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rana_family_1915.jpg/102px-Rana_family_1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rana_family_1915.jpg/153px-Rana_family_1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Rana_family_1915.jpg/204px-Rana_family_1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="707" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Commanding General Babar Shumsher Rana and family</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dhir Shamsher Rana and sons make up Shamsher Rana dynasty"><img alt="Dhir Shamsher Rana and sons make up Shamsher Rana dynasty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg/120px-Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg/180px-Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg/240px-Dhir_Shamsher_Rana_and_sons_bw.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="867" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dhir Shamsher Rana and sons make up Shamsher Rana dynasty</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chandra Shamsher and sons"><img alt="Chandra Shamsher and sons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg/120px-Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg/180px-Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg/240px-Chandra_Shamsher_and_sons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1196" data-file-height="763" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chandra Shamsher and sons</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamjang_and_Kaski" title="Lamjang and Kaski">Lamjang and Kaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daudaha_system" title="Daudaha system">Daudaha system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajani_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Pajani System">Pajani System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajputs_of_Nepal" title="Rajputs of Nepal">Rajputs of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls_of_Succession_in_Rana_(Nepal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls of Succession in Rana (Nepal)">Rolls of Succession in Rana (Nepal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nepal" title="History of Nepal">History of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rana_palaces_of_Nepal" title="Rana palaces of Nepal">Rana palaces of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Founder of this dynasty, <a href="/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Rana" class="mw-redirect" title="Jang Bahadur Rana">Jang Bahadur Kunwar Rana</a>, was a noble of <a href="/wiki/Khas_people" title="Khas people">Khas community</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDor_Bahadur_Bista199137_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDor_Bahadur_Bista199137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a> of Gorkha which was historically a <a href="/wiki/Khadka" title="Khadka">Khadka</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Chhetri" title="Chhetri">Chhetri</a> clan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegmi197590_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegmi197590-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kunwar genealogy also states the title of 'Kunwar Khadka' taken by the ancestors of the Kunwar family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877285-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also had marital relations with other Chhetri families as the <a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a> of Mukhtiyar <a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Thapa" title="Bhimsen Thapa">Bhimsen Thapa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pande_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Pande dynasty">Pande dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ranajit_Pande" title="Ranajit Pande">Ranajit Pande</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDor_Bahadur_Bista199137-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDor_Bahadur_Bista199137_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDor_Bahadur_Bista1991">Dor Bahadur Bista 1991</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESharma_Baral1964111_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSharma_Baral1964">Sharma Baral 1964</a>, p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegmi197590-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegmi197590_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegmi1975">Regmi 1975</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright1877285-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright1877285_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWright1877">Wright 1877</a>, p. 285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PurushottamShamsher1990-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PurushottamShamsher1990_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJBR1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">JBR, PurushottamShamsher (1990). <i>Shree Teen Haruko Tathya Britanta</i> (in Nepali). Bhotahity, Kathmandu: Vidarthi Pustak Bhandar. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-99933-39-91-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-99933-39-91-5"><bdi>978-99933-39-91-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shree+Teen+Haruko+Tathya+Britanta&rft.place=Bhotahity%2C+Kathmandu&rft.pub=Vidarthi+Pustak+Bhandar&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-99933-39-91-5&rft.aulast=JBR&rft.aufirst=PurushottamShamsher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_PraaghD2003" class="citation book cs1">Van PraaghD (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KVDIvLQDGckC&pg=PA319"><i>Greater Game</i></a>. 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J. B.; Rana, Pashupati Shumshere Jung Bahadur; Rana, Gautam S. J. B. 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APH Publishing. pp. 1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7024-847-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7024-847-7"><bdi>978-81-7024-847-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nepal%3A+Refugee+to+Ruler+%3A+a+Militant+Race+of+Nepal&rft.pages=1-2&rft.pub=APH+Publishing&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-81-7024-847-7&rft.au=Nagendra+Kr+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAaog6bnQlNYC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya2012177-178-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya2012177-178_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAcharya2012">Acharya 2012</a>, p. 177-178.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan2012193_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPradhan2012">Pradhan 2012</a>, p. 193.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdhikari198427_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdhikari1984">Adhikari 1984</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamal1995180–181-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamal1995180–181_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHamal1995">Hamal 1995</a>, pp. 180–181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamal1995181-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamal1995181_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHamal1995">Hamal 1995</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201213-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201213_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPradhan2012">Pradhan 2012</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201267_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAcharya2012">Acharya 2012</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENepal200762–63-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENepal200762–63_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNepal2007">Nepal 2007</a>, pp. 62–63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201227–28-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201227–28_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPradhan2012">Pradhan 2012</a>, pp. 27–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPradhan201228_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPradhan2012">Pradhan 2012</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya201268–71-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya201268–71_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAcharya2012">Acharya 2012</a>, pp. 68–71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENepal200763–64-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENepal200763–64_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNepal2007">Nepal 2007</a>, pp. 63–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAcharya2013">Acharya 2013</a>, pp. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137–145-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAcharya2013137–145_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAcharya2013">Acharya 2013</a>, pp. 137–145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630–31-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoshiRose196630–31_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJoshiRose1966">Joshi & Rose 1966</a>, pp. 30–31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStiller1981304–306-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStiller1981304–306_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStiller1981">Stiller 1981</a>, pp. 304–306.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJung1909" class="citation book cs1">Jung, Padma (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.66474"><i>Life of Maharaja Sir Jung Bahadur Rana</i></a>. Allahabad. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.66474/page/n111">88</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+of+Maharaja+Sir+Jung+Bahadur+Rana&rft.place=Allahabad&rft.pages=88&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Padma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.66474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britanta-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britanta_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britanta_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britanta_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRana2009" class="citation book cs1">Rana, Pramod Shumsher (2009). <i>Ranashasanko Britanta</i>. Kathmandu: Pairavi Book House. pp. 31, 32, 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789994630721" title="Special:BookSources/9789994630721"><bdi>9789994630721</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ranashasanko+Britanta&rft.place=Kathmandu&rft.pages=31%2C+32%2C+44&rft.pub=Pairavi+Book+House&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9789994630721&rft.aulast=Rana&rft.aufirst=Pramod+Shumsher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRana1998" class="citation book cs1">Rana, Purushottam S.J.B. (1998). <i>Jung Bahadur Rana: the story of his rise and glory</i>. Book Faith India. p. 150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7303-087-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7303-087-1"><bdi>978-81-7303-087-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jung+Bahadur+Rana%3A+the+story+of+his+rise+and+glory&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Book+Faith+India&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-81-7303-087-1&rft.aulast=Rana&rft.aufirst=Purushottam+S.J.B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991253-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991253_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhelpton1991">Whelpton 1991</a>, p. 253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991187-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhelpton1991187_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWhelpton1991">Whelpton 1991</a>, p. 187.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAcharya2013" class="citation book cs1">Acharya, Baburam (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UWQtAAAAQBAJ&q=bloodstained+acharya"><i>The Bloodstained Throne: Struggles for Power in Nepal (1775–1914)</i></a>. New Delhi: Penguin Books Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-341637-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-341637-1"><bdi>978-0-14-341637-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bloodstained+Throne%3A+Struggles+for+Power+in+Nepal+%281775%E2%80%931914%29&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+Ltd&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-14-341637-1&rft.aulast=Acharya&rft.aufirst=Baburam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUWQtAAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dbloodstained%2Bacharya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAcharya2012" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Acharya, Baburam (2012), Acharya, Shri Krishna (ed.), <i>Janaral Bhimsen Thapa : Yinko Utthan Tatha Pattan</i> (in Nepali), Kathmandu: Education Book House, p. 228, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789937241748" title="Special:BookSources/9789937241748"><bdi>9789937241748</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Janaral+Bhimsen+Thapa+%3A+Yinko+Utthan+Tatha+Pattan&rft.place=Kathmandu&rft.pages=228&rft.pub=Education+Book+House&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9789937241748&rft.aulast=Acharya&rft.aufirst=Baburam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdhikari1984" class="citation cs2">Adhikari, Krishna Kant (1984), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7PP1yElRzIUC"><i>Nepal Under Jang Bahadur, 1846–1877</i></a>, vol. 1, Nepal: Buku, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788180698132" title="Special:BookSources/9788180698132"><bdi>9788180698132</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nepal+Under+Jang+Bahadur%2C+1846%E2%80%931877&rft.place=Nepal&rft.pub=Buku&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9788180698132&rft.aulast=Adhikari&rft.aufirst=Krishna+Kant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7PP1yElRzIUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDor_Bahadur_Bista1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dor_Bahadur_Bista" title="Dor Bahadur Bista">Dor Bahadur Bista</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JzFROpFVYRAC&pg=PA48"><i>Fatalism and Development: Nepal's Struggle for Modernization</i></a>. Orient Blackswan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-250-0188-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-250-0188-1"><bdi>978-81-250-0188-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fatalism+and+Development%3A+Nepal%27s+Struggle+for+Modernization&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-81-250-0188-1&rft.au=Dor+Bahadur+Bista&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJzFROpFVYRAC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamal1995" class="citation book cs1">Hamal, Lakshman B. (1995). <i>Military history of Nepal</i>. Sharda Pustak Mandir. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/32779233">32779233</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+history+of+Nepal&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Sharda+Pustak+Mandir&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F32779233&rft.aulast=Hamal&rft.aufirst=Lakshman+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoshiRose1966" class="citation book cs1">Joshi, Bhuwan Lal; Rose, Leo E. (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MX22o4PJ3Q0C&q=joshi+rose"><i>Democratic Innovations in Nepal: Case Study of Political Acculturation</i></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-00622-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-00622-5"><bdi>978-0-520-00622-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democratic+Innovations+in+Nepal%3A+Case+Study+of+Political+Acculturation&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.isbn=978-0-520-00622-5&rft.aulast=Joshi&rft.aufirst=Bhuwan+Lal&rft.au=Rose%2C+Leo+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMX22o4PJ3Q0C%26q%3Djoshi%2Brose&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNepal2007" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nepal, Gyanmani (2007), <i>Nepal ko Mahabharat</i> (in Nepali) (3rd ed.), Kathmandu: Sajha, p. 314, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789993325857" title="Special:BookSources/9789993325857"><bdi>9789993325857</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nepal+ko+Mahabharat&rft.place=Kathmandu&rft.pages=314&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Sajha&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9789993325857&rft.aulast=Nepal&rft.aufirst=Gyanmani&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPradhan2012" class="citation cs2">Pradhan, Kumar L. (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7PP1yElRzIUC"><i>Thapa Politics in Nepal: With Special Reference to Bhim Sen Thapa, 1806–1839</i></a>, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company, p. 278, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788180698132" title="Special:BookSources/9788180698132"><bdi>9788180698132</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thapa+Politics+in+Nepal%3A+With+Special+Reference+to+Bhim+Sen+Thapa%2C+1806%E2%80%931839&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=278&rft.pub=Concept+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9788180698132&rft.aulast=Pradhan&rft.aufirst=Kumar+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7PP1yElRzIUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegmi1975" class="citation cs2">Regmi, Mahesh Chandra (1 May 1975), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/regmi/pdf/Regmi_07.pdf">"Preliminary Notes on the Nature of Rana Law and Government"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Regmi Research Series</i>, <b>7</b> (5): 88–97</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regmi+Research+Series&rft.atitle=Preliminary+Notes+on+the+Nature+of+Rana+Law+and+Government&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=88-97&rft.date=1975-05-01&rft.aulast=Regmi&rft.aufirst=Mahesh+Chandra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhimalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk%2Fcollections%2Fjournals%2Fregmi%2Fpdf%2FRegmi_07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Burghart1984" class="citation journal cs1">Richard Burghart (1984). "The Formation of the Concept of Nation-State in Nepal". <i>The Journal of Asian Studies</i>. <b>44</b> (1): 101–125. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2056748">10.2307/2056748</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2056748">2056748</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154584368">154584368</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Formation+of+the+Concept+of+Nation-State+in+Nepal&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=101-125&rft.date=1984&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154584368%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2056748%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2056748&rft.au=Richard+Burghart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma_Baral1964" class="citation cs2">Sharma Baral, Leelanatheshwar (1964), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/rarebooks/downloads/Baral_1964_thesis.pdf"><i>Life and Writings of Prithvinarayan Shah</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, University of London</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+and+Writings+of+Prithvinarayan+Shah&rft.pub=University+of+London&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Sharma+Baral&rft.aufirst=Leelanatheshwar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhimalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk%2Fcollections%2Frarebooks%2Fdownloads%2FBaral_1964_thesis.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStiller1981" class="citation cs2">Stiller, Ludwig F. (1981), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NFBfAQAACAAJ&q=stiller+the+kot+massacre"><i>Letters from Kathmandu: The Kot Massacre</i></a>, Research Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Letters+from+Kathmandu%3A+The+Kot+Massacre&rft.pub=Research+Centre+for+Nepal+and+Asian+Studies%2C+Tribhuvan+University%2C+Kirtipur&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Stiller&rft.aufirst=Ludwig+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNFBfAQAACAAJ%26q%3Dstiller%2Bthe%2Bkot%2Bmassacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVaidya1993" class="citation cs2">Vaidya, Tulsi Ram (1993), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jSVwAAAAMAAJ"><i>Prithvinaryan Shah, the founder of Nepal</i></a>, Anmol Publications, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170417019" title="Special:BookSources/9788170417019"><bdi>9788170417019</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prithvinaryan+Shah%2C+the+founder+of+Nepal&rft.pub=Anmol+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9788170417019&rft.aulast=Vaidya&rft.aufirst=Tulsi+Ram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjSVwAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhelpton1991" class="citation book cs1">Whelpton, John (1991). <i>Kings, soldiers, and priests: Nepalese politics and the rise of Jang Bahadur Rana, 1830–1857</i>. Manohar Publications. p. 254. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788185425641" title="Special:BookSources/9788185425641"><bdi>9788185425641</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kings%2C+soldiers%2C+and+priests%3A+Nepalese+politics+and+the+rise+of+Jang+Bahadur+Rana%2C+1830%E2%80%931857&rft.pages=254&rft.pub=Manohar+Publications&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9788185425641&rft.aulast=Whelpton&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright1877" class="citation cs2">Wright, Daniel (1877), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mHE5hkHc7kcC"><i>History of Nepal</i></a>, Cambridge University Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Nepal&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1877&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmHE5hkHc7kcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDigby1993" class="citation book cs1">Digby, William (1993) [1890]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1857friendinneed00will/page/n7/mode/2up"><i>Friend in Need: 1857; Friendship Forgotten: 1887: An Episode in Indian Foreign Office Administration</i></a>. New Delhi; Madras: J. Jetley for Asian Educational Services. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8120608496" title="Special:BookSources/8120608496"><bdi>8120608496</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/42056670">42056670</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Friend+in+Need%3A+1857%3B+Friendship+Forgotten%3A+1887%3A+An+Episode+in+Indian+Foreign+Office+Administration&rft.place=New+Delhi%3B+Madras&rft.pub=J.+Jetley+for+Asian+Educational+Services&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F42056670&rft.isbn=8120608496&rft.aulast=Digby&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F1857friendinneed00will%2Fpage%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARana+dynasty" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecosmosphere.com/history-flashback-rana-dynasty/">Old pictures of Nepal from Rana Dynasty</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nepal_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nepal_topics" title="Template:Nepal topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nepal_topics" title="Template talk:Nepal topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nepal_topics" 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class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shakya" title="Shakya">Shakya Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha">Gautama Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(mother_of_Buddha)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya (mother of Buddha)">Maya (mother of Buddha)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kirata_kingdom" title="Kirata kingdom">Kirata kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yalamber" class="mw-redirect" title="Yalamber">Yalamber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Licchavi_(kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Licchavi (kingdom)">Lichchhavi rule</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manadeva" title="Manadeva">Manadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amshuverma" title="Amshuverma">Amshuverma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhrikuti" title="Bhrikuti">Bhrikuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Araniko" title="Araniko">Araniko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Medieval<br />and<br />modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arimalla" title="Arimalla">Arimalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasa_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Khasa kingdom">Khasa kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baise_Rajya" title="Baise Rajya">Baise Rajya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaubisi_Rajya" title="Chaubisi Rajya">Chaubisi Rajya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Mandala" title="Nepal Mandala"> Newa kingdoms</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shah_dynasty" title="Shah dynasty">Early Shah rule</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Kingdom" title="Gorkha Kingdom">Gorkha Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Narayan_Shah" title="Prithvi Narayan Shah">Prithvi Narayan Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Nepal" title="Unification of Nepal">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalu_Pande" title="Kalu Pande">Kalu Pande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Nepal" title="List of monarchs of Nepal">Monarchs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Nepalese_War" title="Sino-Nepalese War">Sino-Nepal War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Thapa" title="Bhimsen Thapa">Bhimsen Thapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Nepalese_War" title="Anglo-Nepalese War">Anglo-Nepal War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balbhadra_Kunwar" title="Balbhadra Kunwar">Balbhadra Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sugauli" title="Treaty of Sugauli">Treaty of Sugauli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rana rule</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kot_massacre" title="Kot massacre">Kot massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jung_Bahadur_Rana" title="Jung Bahadur Rana">Jung Bahadur Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Tibet_War_(1855%E2%80%931856)" title="Nepal–Tibet War (1855–1856)">Tibetan War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Thapathali" title="Treaty of Thapathali">Treaty of Thapathali</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamjang_and_Kaski" title="Lamjang and Kaski">Lamjang and Kaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribhuvan_of_Nepal" title="Tribhuvan of Nepal">Tribhuvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Britain_Treaty_of_1923" title="Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923">Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Post-Rana and <a href="/wiki/Panchayat_(Nepal)" title="Panchayat (Nepal)">Panchayat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1951_Nepalese_revolution" title="1951 Nepalese revolution">1951 revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchayat_(Nepal)" title="Panchayat (Nepal)">Panchayat system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_to_the_Village_National_Campaign" title="Back to the Village National Campaign">Back to the Village campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Multi-party democracy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Nepalese_revolution" title="1990 Nepalese revolution">Jana Andolan I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_royal_massacre" title="Nepalese royal massacre">Royal massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Nepal_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2005 Nepal coup d'état">2005 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Nepalese_revolution" title="2006 Nepalese revolution">Jana Andolan II</a></li></ul></li> <li>2015 earthquake - <a href="/wiki/April_2015_Nepal_earthquake" title="April 2015 Nepal earthquake">April</a> - <a href="/wiki/May_2015_Nepal_earthquake" title="May 2015 Nepal earthquake">May</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nepal" title="Geography of Nepal">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Nepal" title="List of mountains in Nepal">Mountains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Mount Everest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangchenjunga" title="Kangchenjunga">Kanchenjunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makalu" title="Makalu">Makalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaulagiri" title="Dhaulagiri">Dhaulagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manaslu" title="Manaslu">Manaslu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna" title="Annapurna">Annapurna</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Nepal" title="List of cities in Nepal">Cities of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathmandu_Valley" title="Kathmandu Valley">Kathmandu Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terai" title="Terai">Terai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Terai_Valleys_of_Nepal" title="Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal">Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Plateau" title="Tibetan Plateau">Tibetan Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siliguri_Corridor" title="Siliguri Corridor">Siliguri Corridor <span style="font-size:85%;">(Chicken's Neck)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Nepal" title="List of rivers of Nepal">Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arun_River,_China-Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Arun River, China-Nepal">Arun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara" title="Ghaghara">Karnali <span style="font-size:85%;">(Ghaghara)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Koshi River">Koshi <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kosi)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Narayani <span style="font-size:85%;">(Gandaki)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Rapti_River" title="West Rapti River">West Rapti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Nepal" title="Environmental issues in Nepal">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Nepal" title="Climate change in Nepal">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Nepal" title="Deforestation in Nepal">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Nepal" title="List of protected areas of Nepal">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Nepal" title="Wildlife of Nepal">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Nepal" title="Politics of Nepal">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Nepal" title="Constitution of Nepal">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Constituent_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepalese Constituent Assembly">Constituent Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Nepal" title="Elections in Nepal">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Nepal" title="Foreign relations of Nepal">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Armed_Forces" title="Nepalese Armed Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Army_Staff_(Nepal)" title="Chief of the Army Staff (Nepal)">Chief of the Army Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Nepal" title="Federal Parliament of Nepal">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Assembly_(Nepal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial Assembly (Nepal)">Provincial assemblies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Nepal" title="List of political parties in Nepal">Political parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Nepal" title="Communism in Nepal">Communism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Nepal" title="List of heads of state of Nepal">Heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Nepal" title="President of Nepal">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Nepal" title="Vice President of Nepal">Vice President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Nepal" title="Prime Minister of Nepal">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Nepal" title="List of prime ministers of Nepal"><span style="font-size:85%;">list</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Nepal" title="Council of Ministers of Nepal">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Nepal" title="Supreme Court of Nepal">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Nepal" title="Chief Justice of Nepal">Chief Justice</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Nepal" title="Administrative divisions of Nepal">Divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Nepal" title="List of districts of Nepal">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Nepal" title="Provinces of Nepal">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Nepal" title="Municipalities of Nepal">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaunpalika" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaunpalika">Rural Municipalities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Nepal" title="List of cities in Nepal">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatpur,_Nepal" title="Bharatpur, Nepal">Bharatpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biratnagar" title="Biratnagar">Biratnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgunj" title="Birgunj">Birgunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damak" class="mw-redirect" title="Damak">Damak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetauda" title="Hetauda">Hetauda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itahari" title="Itahari">Itahari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janakpurdham" class="mw-redirect" title="Janakpurdham">Janakpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu <span style="font-size:85%;">(capital)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalitpur,_Nepal" title="Lalitpur, Nepal">Lalitpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalgunj" title="Nepalgunj">Nepalgunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokhara" title="Pokhara">Pokhara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Nepal" title="Agriculture in Nepal">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Nepal" title="Energy in Nepal">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_labour_in_Nepal" title="Child labour in Nepal">Child labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Nepal" title="List of companies of Nepal">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Free_Trade_Area" title="South Asian Free Trade Area">South Asian Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_rupee" title="Nepalese rupee">Rupee <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Nepal" title="Squatting in Nepal">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Nepal" title="Telecommunications in Nepal">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Nepal" title="Tourism in Nepal">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Nepal" title="Transport in Nepal">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_in_Nepal" title="Labour in Nepal">Workforce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Nepal" title="Culture of Nepal">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_cuisine" title="Nepalese cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nepal_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Nepal" title="Demographics of Nepal">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Nepal" title="Education in Nepal">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Nepal" title="Languages of Nepal">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepalese literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nepal" title="Music of Nepal">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurkha" title="Gurkha">Gurkhas/Gorkhas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Nepal" title="International rankings of Nepal">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Nepal">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Academy" title="Nepal Academy">Nepal Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Academy_of_Fine_Arts" title="Nepal Academy of Fine Arts">Nepal Academy of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalis" title="Nepalis">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Nepal" title="Ethnic groups in Nepal">Ethnic groups</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Nepal" title="Public holidays in Nepal">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nepal" title="Religion in Nepal">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Nepal" title="Hinduism in Nepal">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Nepal" title="Buddhism in Nepal">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nepal" title="Islam in Nepal">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Nepal" title="Christianity in Nepal">Christianity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Nepal" title="Sports in Nepal">Sport</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Nepal" title="List of festivals in Nepal">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dashain" title="Dashain">Dashain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tihar_(festival)" title="Tihar (festival)">Tihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohani" title="Mohani">Mohani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swanti_(festival)" title="Swanti (festival)"> Swonti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipankha_Yatra" title="Dipankha Yatra">Dipankha Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_holidays" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim holidays">Eid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yomari_punhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yomari punhi">Yomari Punhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadhimai_festival" title="Gadhimai festival">Gadhimai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddha_Jayanti" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha Jayanti">Buddha Jayanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghe_Sankranti" title="Maghe Sankranti">Maghe Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udhauli" title="Udhauli">Udhauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubhauli" title="Ubhauli">Ubhauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyalpo_Lhosar" title="Gyalpo Lhosar">Gyalpo Lhosar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamu_Lhosar" title="Tamu Lhosar">Tamu Lhosar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonam_Lhosar" title="Sonam Lhosar">Sonam Lhosar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhath" title="Chhath">Chhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasok_Tangnam" title="Chasok Tangnam">Chasok Tangnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhechu" title="Chhechu">Chhechu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatra_(Nepal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jatra (Nepal)">Jatra</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Celebrations" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Celebrations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nwaran" title="Nwaran">Nwaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasni_(celebration)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasni (celebration)">Pasni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Bratabandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihi" title="Ihi">Ihi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahra_ceremony" title="Bahra ceremony"> Bahra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%81ddha" title="Śrāddha">Shraddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Nepal" title="Abortion in Nepal">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch-hunts_in_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Witch-hunts in Nepal">Witch-hunts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Nepal" title="Capital punishment in Nepal">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Nepal" title="Health in Nepal">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Nepal" title="Human rights in Nepal">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_Nepal" title="Intersex rights in Nepal">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Nepal">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Nepal" title="Women's rights in Nepal">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Nepal" title="Human trafficking in Nepal">Human trafficking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Nepal" title="Outline of Nepal">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Nepal" title="Outline of Nepal">Index</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Nepal" title="Bibliography of Nepal">Bibliography</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nepal" title="Category:Nepal">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Nepal" title="Portal:Nepal">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chhetri_people_related_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chhetri_communities" title="Template:Chhetri communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chhetri_communities" title="Template talk:Chhetri communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chhetri_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chhetri communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chhetri_people_related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chhetri" title="Chhetri">Chhetri people</a> related topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tagadhari" title="Tagadhari">Tagadhari Chhetri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jharra_Chhetri" title="Jharra Chhetri">Jharra Chhetri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basnet" title="Basnet">Basnet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khaptari" class="mw-redirect" title="Khaptari">Khaptari Basnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shreepali" title="Shreepali">Shreepali Basnet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisht_(surname)" title="Bisht (surname)">Bisht</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bista" title="Bista">Bista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohora" title="Bohora">Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chand_(name)" title="Chand (name)">Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_(surname)" title="Dani (surname)">Dani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karki_(surname)" title="Karki (surname)">Karki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khadka" title="Khadka">Khadka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khulal" class="mw-redirect" title="Khulal">Khulal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_(surname)" title="Kunwar (surname)">Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahara_(surname)" title="Mahara (surname)">Mahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Panwar">Panwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rana_(name)" title="Rana (name)">Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raut_(disambiguation)#People_with_the_surname" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Raut (disambiguation)">Raut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawal_(surname)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawal (surname)">Rawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samant_(Doti)" title="Samant (Doti)">Samant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sawad_(disambiguation)#People" class="mw-disambig" title="Sawad (disambiguation)">Sawad</a>/<a href="/wiki/Saud_(disambiguation)#Surname" class="mw-disambig" title="Saud (disambiguation)">Saud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singh" title="Singh">Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thapa" title="Thapa">Thapa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ekthariya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogati_(surname)" title="Bogati (surname)">Bogati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohora" title="Bohora">Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budhathoki" title="Budhathoki">Budhathoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauhan_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Chauhan Dynasty">Chauhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangi_(disambiguation)#People_with_the_surname" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Dangi (disambiguation)">Dangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikshit" title="Dikshit">Dikshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katuwal" title="Katuwal">Katuwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahat_(surname)" title="Mahat (surname)">Mahat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawat_(surname)" title="Rawat (surname)">Rawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raya_(disambiguation)#People_with_the_surname" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Raya (disambiguation)">Raya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayamajhi" title="Rayamajhi">Rayamajhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Khatri_Chhetri" class="mw-redirect" title="Khatri Chhetri">Khatri Chhetri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhikari" title="Adhikari">Adhikari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryal" title="Aryal">Aryal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baral_(surname)" title="Baral (surname)">Baral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhandari" title="Bhandari">Bhandari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhattarai" title="Bhattarai">Bhattarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahal" title="Dahal">Dahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devkota" title="Devkota">Devkota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhakal" title="Dhakal">Dhakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhungana" title="Dhungana">Dhungana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghimire" title="Ghimire">Ghimire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautam_(Nepali_name)" title="Gautam (Nepali name)">Gautam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshi" title="Joshi">Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandel_(surname)" title="Kandel (surname)">Kandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KC_(surname)" title="KC (surname)">KC/K.C./Khatri Chhetri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharel" title="Kharel">Kharel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanal" title="Khanal">Khanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatiwada_(surname)" title="Khatiwada (surname)">Khatiwada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatri_(surname)" title="Khatri (surname)">Khatri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koirala" title="Koirala">Koirala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamichhane" title="Lamichhane">Lamichhane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luitel" title="Luitel">Luitel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_(surname)" title="Nepal (surname)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neupane" title="Neupane">Neupane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niraula" title="Niraula">Niraula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandey" title="Pandey">Pandey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pant_(surname)" title="Pant (surname)">Panta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parajuli" title="Parajuli">Parajuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathak" title="Pathak">Pathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paudel" title="Paudel">Paudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokhrel" title="Pokhrel">Pokhrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapkota_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapkota (disambiguation)">Sapkota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitaula_(surname)" title="Sitaula (surname)">Sitaula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siwakoti" title="Siwakoti">Siwakoti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subedi" title="Subedi">Subedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwari" title="Tiwari">Tiwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upreti" title="Upreti">Upreti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bhat Chhetri</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranabhat" title="Ranabhat">Ranabhat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gharti" title="Gharti">Gharti Chhetri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gharti" title="Gharti">Gharti Chhetri (G.C.)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Matwali/Pawai Chhetri</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airee" title="Airee">Airee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhandari" title="Bhandari">Bhandari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisht_(surname)" title="Bisht (surname)">Bisht</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bista" title="Bista">Bista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohora" title="Bohora">Bohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budha_(surname)" title="Budha (surname)">Budha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhami_(surname)" title="Dhami (surname)">Dhami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rokaya" title="Rokaya">Rokaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Saud">Saud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Families and dynasties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basnyat_family" title="Basnyat family">Basnyat family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pande_family" title="Pande family">Pande family</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rana dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Amar_Singh_Thapa" title="Family of Amar Singh Thapa">Family of Amar Singh Thapa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heraldic titles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaji_(Nepal)" title="Kaji (Nepal)">Kaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thapa_Kaji" title="Thapa Kaji">Thapa Kaji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Socio-political practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaji_Pratha" title="Kaji Pratha">Kaji Pratha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basnyat_family" title="Basnyat family">Basnyat family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_family" title="Kunwar family">Kunwar family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pande_family" title="Pande family">Pande family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thapa_dynasty" title="Thapa dynasty">Thapa dynasty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls_of_Succession_in_Rana_(Nepal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolls of Succession in Rana (Nepal)">Rollkram Pratha</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rana dynasty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samant_(Doti)" title="Samant (Doti)">Samant Pratha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&oldid=1257289033">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rana_dynasty&oldid=1257289033</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rana_dynasty" title="Category:Rana dynasty">Rana dynasty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1951_disestablishments_in_Nepal" 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