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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mongane Wally Serote</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%87" title="مونغانه وولي سيروته – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مونغانه وولي سيروته" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongane_Wally_Serote" title="Mongane Wally Serote – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mongane Wally Serote" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%87" title="منگان والی سروته – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منگان والی سروته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongane_Wally_Serote" title="Mongane Wally Serote – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mongane Wally Serote" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5_%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D5%8D%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A5" title="Մոնգանե Վալլի Սերոտե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնգանե Վալլի Սերոտե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongane_Wally_Serote" title="Mongane Wally Serote – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mongane Wally Serote" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongane_Wally_Serote" title="Mongane Wally Serote – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mongane Wally Serote" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongane_Wally_Serote" title="Mongane Wally Serote – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mongane Wally Serote" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongane_Serote" title="Mongane Serote – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mongane Serote" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5,_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сероте, Монгане Валли – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сероте, Монгане Валли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1726746#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Mongane Wally Serote</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Serote.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Serote.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1944-05-08</span>) </span>8 May 1944<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 80)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Sophiatown" title="Sophiatown">Sophiatown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>, South Africa</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">South African, Motswana, British</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Morris_Isaacson_High_School" title="Morris Isaacson High School">Morris Isaacson High School</a>, Sacred Heart Commercial High School</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand" title="University of the Witwatersrand">University of the Witwatersrand</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Poet and cultural activist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">National Poet Laureate, 2018</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ikhamanga" title="Order of Ikhamanga">Order of Ikhamanga</a> in Silver<br /><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Jonker_Prize" title="Ingrid Jonker Prize">Ingrid Jonker Poetry Prize</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://poetshubserote.co.za">Foundation Website</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mongane Wally Serote</b> (born 8 May 1944)<sup id="cite_ref-PIW_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIW-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a South African poet and writer. He became involved in political resistance to the <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> government by joining the <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (ANC) and in 1969 was arrested and detained for several months without trial. He subsequently spent years in exile, working in <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a>, and later London, England, for the ANC in their Arts and Culture Department, before eventually returning to South Africa in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Presidency_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presidency-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was inaugurated as South Africa's National <a href="/wiki/Poet_laureate" title="Poet laureate">Poet Laureate</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mongane Wally Serote was born in <a href="/wiki/Sophiatown" title="Sophiatown">Sophiatown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>, 1944, just four years before the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa)" title="National Party (South Africa)">National Party (South Africa)</a> came to power in South Africa. His early education took place in the poverty-stricken township of <a href="/wiki/Alexandra,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandra, Gauteng">Alexandra</a> and later at <a href="/wiki/Morris_Isaacson_High_School" title="Morris Isaacson High School">Morris Isaacson High School</a> – the school in <a href="/wiki/Jabavu" title="Jabavu">Jabavu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soweto" title="Soweto">Soweto</a>, and Sacred Heart Commercial High School, <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a>. He first became involved in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Consciousness_Movement" title="Black Consciousness Movement">Black Consciousness Movement</a> when he was finishing high school in Soweto. His presence in that town linked him to a group known as the "township" or "Soweto" poets, and his poems often expressed themes of political activism, the development of black identity, and violent images of revolt and resistance. He was arrested by the <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> government under the Terrorism Act in June 1969 and spent nine months in solitary confinement, before being released without charge.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1970s–1990:_Life_in_exile"><span id="1970s.E2.80.931990:_Life_in_exile"></span>1970s–1990: Life in exile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1970s–1990: Life in exile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Serote went to study in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, United States, obtaining a Fine Arts degree at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>. </p><p>After contributing poems to various journals, in 1972 he published his first collection, <i>Yakhal'Inkomo</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-PIW_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIW-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It won the <a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Jonker_Prize" title="Ingrid Jonker Prize">Ingrid Jonker Poetry Prize</a> in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-Presidency_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presidency-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was a <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Scholar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulbright Scholar">Fulbright Scholar</a> and received a fine arts degree from Columbia University in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-PIW_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIW-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was not able to return to South Africa and he began a life in exile, Serote remained in voluntary exile, going in 1977 to Botswana, where he rejoined the ANC underground and its military wing, <a href="/wiki/UMkhonto_we_Sizwe" class="mw-redirect" title="UMkhonto we Sizwe">uMkhonto we Sizwe</a> (MK). He lived in <a href="/wiki/Gaborone" title="Gaborone">Gaborone</a>, where he was involved in the <a href="/wiki/Medu_Art_Ensemble" title="Medu Art Ensemble">Medu Art Ensemble</a>, and in London, England, where he relocated in 1986 and worked for the ANC's <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Arts_and_Culture_(South_Africa)" title="Department of Arts and Culture (South Africa)">Department of Arts and Culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Presidency_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presidency-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_to_South_Africa">Return to South Africa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Return to South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He returned to South Africa in 1990, after the ANC was unbanned.<sup id="cite_ref-Presidency_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presidency-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1993, he won the <a href="/wiki/Noma_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Noma Award">Noma Award</a> for Publishing in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PIW_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIW-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, he received the <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a> award from the <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chilean</a> government.<sup id="cite_ref-PIW_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIW-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Serote held a variety of positions in the ANC, returning to South Africa in 1990, when he was appointed Head of the Department of Arts and Culture of the ANC in Johannesburg. He has also served as chair of the parliamentary select committee for arts and culture. Serote was awarded honorary doctorates from the universities of <a href="/wiki/University_of_KwaZulu-Natal" title="University of KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Transkei" title="University of Transkei">Transkei</a>. Until recently he was a Member of Parliament and Chairman of the Portfolio Committee for Arts, Culture, Language, Science and Technology. </p><p>He has served as chair of the parliamentary select committee for arts and culture, and was also the CEO of <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Park_(South_Africa)" title="Freedom Park (South Africa)">Freedom Park</a>, a national heritage site in <a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a> opened in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has founded a few NGOs, iIKSSA Trust where he is the Chairperson, IARI which he is also the CEO. He sits on a few advisory boards in the country dealing with Arts, Culture, Indigenous Knowledge and African Renaissance issues. </p><p>In 2018, Serote was announced as the National Poet Laureate of South Africa, following the death of <a href="/wiki/Keorapetse_Kgositsile" title="Keorapetse Kgositsile">Keorapetse Kgositsile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1973 - <a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Jonker_Prize" title="Ingrid Jonker Prize">Ingrid Jonker Poetry Prize</a> for the best debut collection in English</li> <li>1993 - <i>Third World Expres</i>s wins the <a href="/wiki/Noma_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Noma Award">Noma Award</a> for publishing in Africa</li> <li>2003 - The English Academy of Southern Africa Medal for contribution to the English language</li> <li>2004 - Pablo Neruda Medal for Writing<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>2007 - The <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ikhamanga" title="Order of Ikhamanga">Order of Ikhamanga</a> in Silver, awarded for "Excellent contribution to literature, with emphasis on poetry and for putting his artistic talents at the service of democracy in South Africa"<sup id="cite_ref-Presidency_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presidency-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2008 - <i>Third World Express</i> selected for Africa Book Centre's 100 Best Books of the Twentieth Century</li> <li>2012 - Struga Night Awards: Poet Laureate Of Macedonia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writings">Writings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Writings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <p><b>Poetry</b> </p> <ul><li><i>City Johannesburg</i> (1971)</li> <li><i>Alexandra</i> (1972)</li> <li><i>Yakhal'inkomo</i> (1972)</li> <li><i>Beerhall Queen</i> (1972)</li> <li><i>For Don M- Banned</i> (1973)</li> <li><i>A Sleeping Black Boy</i></li> <li><i>Tsetlo</i> (1974)</li> <li><i>No Baby Must Weep</i> (1975)</li> <li><i>Behold Mama, Flowers</i> (1978)</li> <li><i>The Night Keeps Winking</i> (1982)</li> <li><i>A Tough Tale</i> (1987)</li> <li><i>No More strangers</i> (1989)</li> <li><i>Third World Express</i> (1992)</li> <li><i>Come and Hope With Me</i> (1994)</li> <li><i>Freedom Lament and Song</i> (1997)</li> <li><i>History is the Home Address</i> (2004)</li></ul> <p><b>Novels</b> </p> <ul><li><i>To Every Birth Its Blood</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>Gods of Our Time</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>Scatter the Ashes and Go</i> (2002)</li> <li><i>Revelations</i> (2011)</li> <li><i>Sikhahlel' u-OR</i> (2019)</li></ul> <p><b>Essays</b> </p> <ul><li><i>On the Horizon</i> (1990)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongane_Wally_Serote&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poetryinternationalweb.net/pi/site/poet/item/15594/10/Mongane-Wally-Serote">"Mongane Wally Serote"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Poetry_International_Web" title="Poetry International Web">Poetry International Web</a>. 25 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mongane+Wally+Serote&rft.pub=Poetry+International+Web&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poetryinternationalweb.net%2Fpi%2Fsite%2Fpoet%2Fitem%2F15594%2F10%2FMongane-Wally-Serote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongane+Wally+Serote" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Presidency-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Presidency_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/national-orders/recipient/mongane-wally-serote-1944">"Mongane Wally Serote (1944 - ) - The Order of Ikhamanga in Silver"</a>. The Presidency Republic of South Africa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mongane+Wally+Serote+%281944+-+%29+-+The+Order+of+Ikhamanga+in+Silver&rft.pub=The+Presidency+Republic+of+South+Africa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepresidency.gov.za%2Fnational-orders%2Frecipient%2Fmongane-wally-serote-1944&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongane+Wally+Serote" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://readinglist.click/sub/south-african-literary-awards-winners-announced-mongane-wally-serote-is-south-africas-new-poet-laureate/">"South African Literary Awards winners announced—Mongane Wally Serote is South Africa's new Poet Laureate"</a>. <i>The Reading List</i>. 7 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Reading+List&rft.atitle=South+African+Literary+Awards+winners+announced%E2%80%94Mongane+Wally+Serote+is+South+Africa%27s+new+Poet+Laureate&rft.date=2018-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freadinglist.click%2Fsub%2Fsouth-african-literary-awards-winners-announced-mongane-wally-serote-is-south-africas-new-poet-laureate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongane+Wally+Serote" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter2018" class="citation web cs1">Peter, Zamayirha (12 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://city-press.news24.com/News/meet-sas-newest-poet-laureate-but-some-say-it-was-a-womans-turn-20181112">"Meet SA's newest poet laureate, but some say it was a woman's turn"</a>. <i>CityPress</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CityPress&rft.atitle=Meet+SA%27s+newest+poet+laureate%2C+but+some+say+it+was+a+woman%27s+turn&rft.date=2018-11-12&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=Zamayirha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcity-press.news24.com%2FNews%2Fmeet-sas-newest-poet-laureate-but-some-say-it-was-a-womans-turn-20181112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongane+Wally+Serote" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/mongane-wally-serote">Mongane Wally Serote</a> South African History Online. Retrieved 26 March 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsga/freedom-park.htm">Freedom Park, Pretoria.</a> Retrieved 26 March 2018.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Struga_Poetry_Evenings_Golden_Wreath" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar 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Laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Struga_Poetry_Evenings_Golden_Wreath_Laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath Laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Struga_Poetry_Evenings_Golden_Wreath" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Struga_Poetry_Evenings" title="Struga Poetry Evenings">Struga Poetry Evenings</a> Golden Wreath</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rozhdestvensky" title="Robert Rozhdestvensky">Robert Rozhdestvensky</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulat_Okudzhava" title="Bulat Okudzhava">Bulat Okudzhava</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Nagy_(poet)" title="László Nagy (poet)">László Nagy</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mak_Dizdar" title="Mak Dizdar">Mak Dizdar</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miodrag_Pavlovi%C4%87" title="Miodrag Pavlović">Miodrag Pavlović</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">W. H. Auden</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Montale" title="Eugenio Montale">Eugenio Montale</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faz%C4%B1l_H%C3%BCsn%C3%BC_Da%C4%9Flarca" title="Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca">Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Léopold Sédar Senghor</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Guillevic" title="Eugène Guillevic">Eugène Guillevic</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Lundkvist" title="Artur Lundkvist">Artur Lundkvist</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Alberti" title="Rafael Alberti">Rafael Alberti</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miroslav_Krle%C5%BEa" title="Miroslav Krleža">Miroslav Krleža</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Magnus_Enzensberger" title="Hans Magnus Enzensberger">Hans Magnus Enzensberger</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bla%C5%BEe_Koneski" title="Blaže Koneski">Blaže Koneski</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nichita_St%C4%83nescu" title="Nichita Stănescu">Nichita Stănescu</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachchidananda_Vatsyayan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sachchidananda Vatsyayan">Sachchidananda Vatsyayan 'Ajneya'</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Voznesensky" title="Andrei Voznesensky">Andrei Voznesensky</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiannis_Ritsos" title="Yiannis Ritsos">Yiannis Ritsos</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Ginsberg" title="Allen Ginsberg">Allen Ginsberg</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadeusz_R%C3%B3%C5%BCewicz" title="Tadeusz Różewicz">Tadeusz Różewicz </a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desanka_Maksimovi%C4%87" title="Desanka Maksimović">Desanka Maksimović </a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Shapcott" title="Thomas Shapcott">Thomas Shapcott</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justo_Jorge_Padr%C3%B3n" title="Justo Jorge Padrón">Justo Jorge Padrón</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brodsky" title="Joseph Brodsky">Joseph Brodsky</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Juh%C3%A1sz_(poet)" title="Ferenc Juhász (poet)">Ferenc Juhász</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennadiy_Aygi" title="Gennadiy Aygi">Gennadiy Aygi</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Hughes" title="Ted Hughes">Ted Hughes</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Amichai" title="Yehuda Amichai">Yehuda Amichai</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makoto_Ooka" class="mw-redirect" title="Makoto Ooka">Makoto Ooka</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Adunis">Adunis</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Banjiu" title="Liu Banjiu">Liu Banjiu</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Bonnefoy" title="Yves Bonnefoy">Yves Bonnefoy</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edoardo_Sanguineti" title="Edoardo Sanguineti">Edoardo Sanguineti</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Heaney" title="Seamus Heaney">Seamus Heaney</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slavko_Mihali%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slavko Mihalić (page does not exist)">Slavko Mihalić</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tomas Tranströmer</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasco_Gra%C3%A7a_Moura" title="Vasco Graça Moura">Vasco Graça Moura</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._S._Merwin" title="W. S. Merwin">William S. 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title="Margaret Atwood">Margaret Atwood</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Simic" title="Charles Simic">Charles Simic</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Zagajewski" title="Adam Zagajewski">Adam Zagajewski</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Blandiana" title="Ana Blandiana">Ana Blandiana</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Or" title="Amir Or">Amir Or</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Ann_Duffy" title="Carol Ann Duffy">Carol Ann Duffy</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuntar%C5%8D_Tanikawa" title="Shuntarō Tanikawa">Shuntarō Tanikawa</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vlada_Uro%C5%A1evi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vlada Urošević (page does not exist)">Vlada Urošević</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Sim%C3%A9on&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Pierre Siméon (page does not exist)">Jean-Pierre Siméon</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1726746#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1726746#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1726746#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119028212">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82106660">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120195544">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120195544">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Serote, Mongane Wally"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/MILV101130">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0005778&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p084551569">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/pm135mq74j4fgt1">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007425547405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028339967">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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