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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_and_municipal_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_and_municipal_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Administrative and municipal status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_and_municipal_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_structures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_structures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable structures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_structures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> 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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bibliography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2</span> <span>Documents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vladikavkaz</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 96 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%87%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8D" title="Тэрчкъалэ – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Тэрчкъалэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladikafkaz" title="Wladikafkaz – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wladikafkaz" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="فلاديقوقاز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلاديقوقاز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladic%C3%A1ucaso" title="Vladicáucaso – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vladicáucaso" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladiqafqaz" title="Vladiqafqaz – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vladiqafqaz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%82%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ولادی‌قفقاز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ولادی‌قفقاز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Уладзікаўказ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уладзікаўказ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Уладзікаўказ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Уладзікаўказ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkas" title="Vladikavkas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vladikavkas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladikawkas" title="Wladikawkas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wladikawkas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladikawkaz" title="Wladikawkaz – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wladikawkaz" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Βλαντικαφκάς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βλαντικαφκάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Владикавказ ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Владикавказ ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkazo" title="Vladikavkazo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vladikavkazo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%82%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ولادی‌قفقاز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولادی‌قفقاز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Буро – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Буро" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%BB%D1%81%D0%BD" title="Владикавказ балһсн – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Владикавказ балһсн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EC%BA%85%EC%B9%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="블라디캅카스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="블라디캅카스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A6" title="Վլադիկավկազ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վլադիկավկազ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladikawkaz" title="Wladikawkaz – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wladikawkaz" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%C3%A6%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%85%D1%8A%C3%A6%D1%83" title="Дзæуджыхъæу – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дзæуджыхъæу" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%96" title="ולדיקווקז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ולדיקווקז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ვლადიკავკაზი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვლადიკავკაზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkas" title="Vladikavkas – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Vladikavkas" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D3%80%D0%BA%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="КӀапӀкӀай – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="КӀапӀкӀай" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pylae_Caucasiae" title="Pylae Caucasiae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pylae Caucasiae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikauk%C4%81za" title="Vladikaukāza – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vladikaukāza" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикъавкъаз – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Владикъавкъаз" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikaukazas" title="Vladikaukazas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vladikaukazas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlagyikavkaz" title="Vlagyikavkaz – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vlagyikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="വ്ലാഡികാവ്കാസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വ്ലാഡികാവ്കാസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ვლადიკავკაზი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვლადიკავკაზი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%DA%A4%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ڤلاديكاڤكاس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ڤلاديكاڤكاس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ولادی قفقاز – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ولادی قفقاز" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AB%E3%83%95%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9" title="ウラジカフカス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウラジカフカス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5" title="БуритӀе – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="БуритӀе" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladikawkas" title="Wladikawkas – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wladikawkas" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ولاديکاوکاز – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ولاديکاوکاز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adykaukaz" title="Władykaukaz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Władykaukaz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adikawkaz" title="Władikawkaz – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Władikawkaz" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B" title="วลาดีคัฟคาซ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วลาดีคัฟคาซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%9B%D0%B0%D1%84%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Владиқафқоз – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Владиқафқоз" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Владикавказ – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Владикавказ" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%82%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="ولادیقفقاز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ولادیقفقاز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%AD%A3%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2" title="弗拉季高加索 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗拉季高加索" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%AD%A3%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2" title="弗拉季高加索 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="弗拉季高加索" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%AD%A3%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2" title="弗拉季高加索 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗拉季高加索" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Vladikavkaz" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Vladikavkaz&params=43_02_24_N_44_40_39_E_type:city(311693)_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°02′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">44°40′39″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.04000°N 44.67750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.04000; 44.67750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in North Ossetia–Alania, Russia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Vladikavkaz</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native">Владикавказ</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Types of inhabited localities in Russia">City</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ref137_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Ossetian</th><td class="infobox-data">Дзӕуджыхъæу/Дзӕуӕгигъӕу</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid black;width:270px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Terekzimoj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Terekzimoj.jpg/270px-Terekzimoj.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Terekzimoj.jpg/405px-Terekzimoj.jpg 1.5x, 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height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/201px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, 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class="mw-redirect" title="Terek River">Terek River</a> view, Bai Gora in <a href="/wiki/Kosta_Khetagurov" title="Kosta Khetagurov">Kosta Khetagurov</a> Park, Musical theatre, Dzaugu Búgulov statue, Sunni mosque at night, Lutheran church, Symbol of Vladikavkaz, Train station, Corner of Prospekt Mir and Gogol, Monument to Nart Soslan on Prospekt Mira, Learning Campus</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Vladikavkaz&revid=1252307833&groups=_c7d0acf4ae5d7ec8c55dfd2a065fdbeabf879566 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vladikavkaz is located in North Ossetia–Alania"><img alt="Vladikavkaz is located in North Ossetia–Alania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg/250px-Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg/375px-Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg/500px-Outline_Map_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.429%;left:76.528%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Vladikavkaz"><img alt="Vladikavkaz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Vladikavkaz</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Vladikavkaz</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North Ossetia–Alania</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:European_Russia_location_map_(2014%E2%80%932022,_Crimea_disputed).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vladikavkaz is located in European Russia"><img alt="Vladikavkaz is located in European Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/European_Russia_location_map_%282014%E2%80%932022%2C_Crimea_disputed%29.svg/250px-European_Russia_location_map_%282014%E2%80%932022%2C_Crimea_disputed%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/European_Russia_location_map_%282014%E2%80%932022%2C_Crimea_disputed%29.svg/375px-European_Russia_location_map_%282014%E2%80%932022%2C_Crimea_disputed%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/European_Russia_location_map_%282014%E2%80%932022%2C_Crimea_disputed%29.svg/500px-European_Russia_location_map_%282014%E2%80%932022%2C_Crimea_disputed%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1558" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:91.446%;left:55.976%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Vladikavkaz"><img alt="Vladikavkaz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Vladikavkaz</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Vladikavkaz (European Russia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of European Russia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vladikavkaz is located in Europe"><img alt="Vladikavkaz is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/250px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/375px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg/500px-Europe_blank_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.515%;left:92.409%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Vladikavkaz"><img alt="Vladikavkaz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Vladikavkaz</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Vladikavkaz (Europe)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Vladikavkaz&params=43_02_24_N_44_40_39_E_type:city(311693)_region:RU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°02′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">44°40′39″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.04000°N 44.67750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.04000; 44.67750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Federal subject</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia–Alania</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ref137_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">May 6, 1784<sup id="cite_ref-gr_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gr-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City status since</th><td class="infobox-data">1860</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assembly_of_Representatives_of_Vladikavkaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assembly of Representatives of Vladikavkaz (page does not exist)">Assembly of Representatives</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Head</th><td class="infobox-data">Boris Albegov<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">291 km<sup>2</sup> (112 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">692 m (2,270 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/Russian_Census_(2010)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Census (2010)">2010 Census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">311,693</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">306,258 (<span style="color:red;">−1.7%</span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Russia_by_population" title="List of cities and towns in Russia by population">60th</a> in 2010</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,100/km<sup>2</sup> (2,800/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Russia#Administrative_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions of Russia">Administrative status</a></div><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span style="font-weight:normal;">Subordinated to</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vladikavkaz <a href="/wiki/City_of_federal_subject_significance" title="City of federal subject significance">City Under Republic Jurisdiction</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ref137_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span style="font-weight:normal;">Capital of</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Republic of North Ossetia–Alania<sup id="cite_ref-Constitution_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_centre" title="Administrative centre">Capital</a> of</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vladikavkaz City Under Republic Jurisdiction<sup id="cite_ref-Ref137_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Russia#Municipal_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions of Russia">Municipal status</a></div><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span style="font-weight:normal;">Urban okrug</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vladikavkaz Urban Okrug<sup id="cite_ref-Ref831_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref831-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_centre" title="Administrative centre">Capital</a> of</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vladikavkaz Urban Okrug<sup id="cite_ref-Ref831_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref831-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moscow_Time" title="Moscow Time">MSK</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5237?uselang=en#P421" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-vremeni_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vremeni-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Russia" title="Postal codes in Russia">Postal code(s)</a><sup id="cite_ref-PostalCode_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PostalCode-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">362000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Russia" title="Telephone numbers in Russia">Dialing code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+7 8672</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OKTMO" title="OKTMO">OKTMO</a> ID</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">90701000001</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City Day</th><td class="infobox-data">September 25<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vladikavkaz-osetia.ru">vladikavkaz-osetia<wbr />.ru</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vladikavkaz</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> formerly known as <b>Ordzhonikidze</b> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Орджоники́дзе</span></span>) and also known as <b>Dzaudzhikau</b> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Дзауджикау</span></span>), is the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital city</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ossetia-Alania">North Ossetia-Alania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>, situated on the <a href="/wiki/Terek_(river)" title="Terek (river)">Terek River</a>. The city's population was 295,830 as of the <a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_census" title="2021 Russian census">2021 Census</a>. As a result, Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a> region. </p><p>The city is an <a href="/wiki/Industrial_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial sector">industrial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">transportation centre</a>. Manufactured products include processed <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machinery" class="mw-redirect" title="Machinery">machinery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_substance" title="Chemical substance">chemicals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">clothing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Food_products" class="mw-redirect" title="Food products">food products</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Vladikavkaz</i>, derived from the Russian language, literally means "ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a>". The Ossetian name Dzæwdžyqæw/Dzæwægighæw literally means "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzaug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzaug (page does not exist)">Dzaug's</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%94%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B3" class="extiw" title="ru:Бугулов, Дзауг">ru</a>]</span> settlement".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In 1911, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dmitry_Rakovich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dmitry Rakovich (page does not exist)">Dmitry Rakovich</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Ракович, Дмитрий Васильевич">ru</a>]</span> wrote that the Ossetians prove that fortress was founded on the site of the Ingush village <a href="/wiki/Zaur_(village)" title="Zaur (village)">Zaur</a> by the name of Vladikavkaz in the Ossetian language:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEРакович19113_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEРакович19113-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"...by their name of Vladikavkaz Dzaudzhi-Kau, the Ossetians confirm this opinion, since Dzauag is a proper name Zaur, and Kau means a village; otherwise - the village of Zaur."</p></blockquote> <p>In 1931, at the suggestion of the Ingush Regional Executive Committee, the city of Vladikavkaz was renamed Ordzhonikidze in honor of the Soviet political and military leader <a href="/wiki/Sergo_Ordzhonikidze" title="Sergo Ordzhonikidze">Sergo Ordzhonikidze</a>, who during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Civil War</a> established Soviet power in the region. </p><p>In 1944, after the deportation of the Chechens and Ingush, the city of Ordzhonikidze was renamed the city of Dzaudzhikau, and in 1954 again Ordzhonikidze.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1990, the city acquired a double name, Vladikavkaz in Russian and Dzaudzhikau in Ossetian. </p><p>The second part of the name Dzaudzhikau, i.e Kau (village), is a cognate of the word <i>āguv</i> (village) in the Eastern Iranian language of <a href="/wiki/Khotanese_Saka" class="mw-redirect" title="Khotanese Saka">Khotanese Saka</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Avestan" title="Avestan">Avestan</a> <i>gava</i> (district)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city was founded in 1784 as a Russian fortress at the entrance to the Darial Gorge near to the Ingush village <a href="/wiki/Zaur_(village)" title="Zaur (village)">Zaur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEТерскій_календарь189512_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEТерскій_календарь189512-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which had the purpose of serving as an outpost for the routes of communication between Russia and Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But according to many other sources, Vladikavkaz was founded on the site of the Ossetian village of <a class="external text" href="https://ru.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9">Kapkai</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Military_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian Military Highway">Georgian Military Highway</a>, crossing the mountains, was constructed in 1799 to link the city with <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> to the south, and in 1875 <a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladikavkaz Railway">a railway</a> was built to connect it to <a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a> in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>. Vladikavkaz has become an important industrial centre for the region, with smelting, refining, chemicals and manufacturing industries. During the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, the settlement was the administrative capital of the <a href="/wiki/Vladikavkazsky_Okrug" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladikavkazsky Okrug">Vladikavkazsky Okrug</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Terek_Oblast" title="Terek Oblast">Terek Oblast</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg/220px-Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg/330px-Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg/440px-Simbol_of_Vladikavkaz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2384" data-file-height="3244" /></a><figcaption>A monument in the city</figcaption></figure></div></div> <p>The city is one of the largest in the Russian-controlled Caucasus, along with <a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a>, and was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, a Soviet Republic established after the annexation of the <a href="/wiki/Mountainous_Republic_of_the_North_Caucasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountainous Republic of the North Caucasus">Mountainous Republic of the North Caucasus</a>. It existed from 1921 to 1924 and comprised most of the modern-day territories of <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ossetia-Alania">North Ossetia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a>. </p><p>Vladikavkaz was fought over in both the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. In February 1919, the anti-Communist <a href="/wiki/Volunteer_Army" title="Volunteer Army">Volunteer Army</a> under General <a href="/wiki/Anton_Denikin" title="Anton Denikin">Anton Denikin</a> seized the city, before being expelled by the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> in March 1920. In early November 1942, the forces of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> tried unsuccessfully to seize the city but were repelled by the Soviet army. The Nazis left North Ossetia in January 1943. </p><p>On 26 November 2008, <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Karayev" title="Vitaly Karayev">Vitaly Karayev</a>, the mayor of Vladikavkaz was assassinated by an unidentified gunman.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 December 2008, his successor, <a href="/wiki/Kazbek_Pagiyev" title="Kazbek Pagiyev">Kazbek Pagiyev</a>, was also assassinated by unidentified gunmen.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_and_municipal_status">Administrative and municipal status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Administrative and municipal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vladikavkaz is the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> of the republic.<sup id="cite_ref-Constitution_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constitution-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Russia#Administrative_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions of Russia">framework of administrative divisions</a>, it is, together with six rural localities, incorporated as <b>Vladikavkaz <a href="/wiki/City_of_federal_subject_significance" title="City of federal subject significance">City Under Republic Jurisdiction</a></b>—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Republic_of_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania">districts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ref137_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Russia#Municipal_divisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions of Russia">municipal division</a>, Vladikavkaz City Under Republic Jurisdiction is incorporated as <b>Vladikavkaz Urban Okrug</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ref831_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref831-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is served by the bus network (<i><a href="/wiki/Marshrutka" title="Marshrutka">marshrutkas</a></i>). There are also <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tram</a> (since 1904) and <a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">trolleybus</a> (since 1977) networks, plus the main <a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz_railway_station" title="Vladikavkaz railway station">Vladikavkaz railway station</a>. </p><p>The city is served by <a href="/wiki/Beslan_Airport" title="Beslan Airport">Beslan Airport</a> located about 9 kilometres from the city. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Military_Road" title="Georgian Military Road">Georgian Military Road</a>, which is a part of <a href="/wiki/European_route_E117" title="European route E117">European route E117</a>, starts in Vladikavkaz and it connects the city with the <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the 1917 publication of the <i><a href="/wiki/Kavkazskiy_kalendar" title="Kavkazskiy kalendar">Kavkazskiy kalendar</a></i>, Vladikavkaz had 73,243 residents in 1916, the national composition was as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEКавказский_календарь_на_1917_год226–237_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКавказский_календарь_на_1917_год226–237-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nationality </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">46,876 </td> <td align="right">64.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peoples_of_the_Caucasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoples of the Caucasus">North Caucasians</a> </td> <td align="right">8,539 </td> <td align="right">11.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> </td> <td align="right">8,326 </td> <td align="right">11.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Europeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Europeans">Other Europeans</a> </td> <td align="right">6,139 </td> <td align="right">8.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shia_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia Muslims">Shia Muslims</a> </td> <td align="right">2,463 </td> <td align="right">3.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> </td> <td align="right">798 </td> <td align="right">1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> </td> <td align="right">102 </td> <td align="right">0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTAL </th> <th>73,243 </th> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the results of the 2021 Census, the city population of Vladikavkaz was 311,338. The ethnic makeup of city's population was:<sup id="cite_ref-ВПН-2020_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ВПН-2020-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nationality </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ossetians" title="Ossetians">Ossetians</a> </td> <td align="right">190,539 </td> <td align="right">69.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> </td> <td align="right">60,052 </td> <td align="right">22.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> </td> <td align="right">7,953 </td> <td align="right">2.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgians</a> </td> <td align="right">4,478 </td> <td align="right">1.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ingush_people" title="Ingush people">Ingush</a> </td> <td align="right">1,802 </td> <td align="right">0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a> </td> <td align="right">1,655 </td> <td align="right">0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Others </td> <td align="right">6,818 </td> <td align="right">2.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>No ethnicity stated </td> <td align="right">38,041 </td> <td align="right">– </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTAL </th> <th>311,338 </th> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1897</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">44,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1926</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">73,599</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+67.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">130,755</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+77.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1959</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">164,420</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+25.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">236,200</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+43.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1979</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">278,930</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1989</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">300,198</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">315,608</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">311,693</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">295,830</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Census data</td></tr></tbody></table><p><a href="/wiki/FC_Spartak_Vladikavkaz" title="FC Spartak Vladikavkaz">FC Spartak Vladikavkaz</a> was an <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> club based in Vladikavkaz, which won the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Premier_League" title="Russian Premier League">Russian Premier League</a> in 1995. The club folded in 2020, and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/FC_Alania_Vladikavkaz_(2019)" title="FC Alania Vladikavkaz (2019)">FC Alania Vladikavkaz</a>. </p><p>Vladikavkaz is home to one of the World's most prestigious Freestyle Wrestling academies, opened in February 2016:<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Wrestling Academy of Aslan Khadartsev - the biggest wrestling academy in the South of Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It provides access to a number of facilities including a swimming pool, sauna, gym, personal dietitians, dorm rooms (which include a TV, comfortable beds, wardrobes, en-suite bathroom and showers),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for 45 athletes and the main training hall, consisting of six mats- this academy is capable of hosting 250 wrestlers at one time. There have been many Olympic, World and European champions training at the academy: Soslan Ramonov, Zaurbek Sidakov, Artur Naifonov, Chermen Valiev, Khetag Tsabolov are just some of the successful athletes in recent times to train and represent the academy. This academy is also home to the Freestyle team of North Ossetia, to ensure a high-level of preparation and coaching is given to aid success in international and domestic tournaments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_structures">Notable structures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable structures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tram_on_Mira_avenue,_Vladikavkaz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Tram_on_Mira_avenue%2C_Vladikavkaz.jpg/220px-Tram_on_Mira_avenue%2C_Vladikavkaz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Tram_on_Mira_avenue%2C_Vladikavkaz.jpg/330px-Tram_on_Mira_avenue%2C_Vladikavkaz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Tram_on_Mira_avenue%2C_Vladikavkaz.jpg/440px-Tram_on_Mira_avenue%2C_Vladikavkaz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Mira avenue, Vladikavkaz</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg/220px-%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg/330px-%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg/440px-%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1952" /></a><figcaption>Vladikavkaz Railway station</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg/220px-Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg/330px-Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg/440px-Art_Museum_named_after_M._S._Tuganov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3520" data-file-height="2212" /></a><figcaption>M. Tuganov Art Museum</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mukhtarov_Mosque" title="Mukhtarov Mosque">Mukhtarov Mosque</a>, built in 1906, dominates the city. In Vladikavkaz, there is a guyed TV mast, 198 meters (650 ft) tall, built in 1961, which has six crossbars with gangways in two levels running from the mast structure to the guys. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highlanders_State_Agrarian_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Highlanders State Agrarian University (page does not exist)">Highlanders State Agrarian University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Caucasus_University_of_Mining_and_Metallurgy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Caucasus University of Mining and Metallurgy (page does not exist)">North Caucasus University of Mining and Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetian_State_University" title="North Ossetian State University">North Ossetian State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetian_State_Medical_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ossetian State Medical Academy">North Ossetian State Medical Academy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladikavkaz,.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vladikavkaz%2C.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg/220px-Vladikavkaz%2C.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vladikavkaz%2C.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg/330px-Vladikavkaz%2C.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vladikavkaz%2C.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg/440px-Vladikavkaz%2C.Catedral_de_San_Jorge_el_Victorioso.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>St. George's <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Orthodox</a> Cathedral</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MechetVladik.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/MechetVladik.jpg/220px-MechetVladik.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/MechetVladik.jpg/330px-MechetVladik.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/MechetVladik.jpg/440px-MechetVladik.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Mukhtarov Mosque</figcaption></figure> <p>The city's primary religion is <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Orthodox Christianity</a>, which is followed by the majority of Ossetians, Russians and Georgians. The rest of the Ossetian population adheres to the next largest religion, <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a>, and to <a href="/wiki/Uatsdin" class="mw-redirect" title="Uatsdin">Uatsdin</a>, an Ossetian folk religion, which is followed by 29% of the population nationwide. The remainder follow Protestantism, Armenian Orthodoxy and other beliefs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_and_sister_cities">Twin towns and sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Twin towns and sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Russia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg/220px-Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg/330px-Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg/440px-Vladikavkaz_bus_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4176" data-file-height="1949" /></a><figcaption>Vladikavkaz bus station</figcaption></figure> <p>Vladikavkaz is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ardahan" title="Ardahan">Ardahan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina" title="Asheville, North Carolina">Asheville, North Carolina</a>, United States</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kardzhali" title="Kardzhali">Kardzhali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a>, Russia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a>, Russia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a>, Russia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vladikavkaz experiences a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Dfb</i>/<i>Dwb</i>) with warm, wet summers and cold, drier winters (though very mild for Russia). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Vladikavkaz (1991–2020, extremes 1881–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3<br />(86.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.7<br />(49.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.2<br />(22.6) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.7<br />(23.5) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(32.5) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5353FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.2<br />(−17.0) </td> <td style="background: #5050FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.8<br />(−18.0) </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.5<br />(−8.5) </td> <td style="background: #AFAFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.2<br />(13.6) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1<br />(21.0) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.0<br />(14.0) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−23.1<br />(−9.6) </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25.0<br />(−13.0) </td> <td style="background: #5050FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−27.8<br />(−18.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62<br />(2.4) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94<br />(3.7) </td> <td style="background: #22FF22; color:#000000;" class="notheme">148<br />(5.8) </td> <td style="background: #00E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">181<br />(7.1) </td> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">112<br />(4.4) </td> <td style="background: #78FF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(3.5) </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62<br />(2.4) </td> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">955<br />(37.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(3.5) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9<br />(3.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">106 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16 </td> <td style="background: #2020FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18 </td> <td style="background: #0C0CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #6868FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">144 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #4E4EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">56 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">78 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #AFAF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">106 </td> <td style="background: #BBBB42; color:#000000;" class="notheme">119 </td> <td style="background: #BCBC3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">133 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">208 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">167 </td> <td style="background: #C3C313; color:#000000;" class="notheme">148 </td> <td style="background: #B5B566; color:#000000;" class="notheme">114 </td> <td style="background: #AEAE8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,876 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net<sup id="cite_ref-pogoda_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pogoda-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Гидрометцентр России (Precipitation days-Sun)<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serob_Grigoryan" title="Serob Grigoryan">Serob Grigoryan</a>, professional footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Stepanyan" title="Arthur Stepanyan">Arthur Stepanyan</a>, former professional football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vazgen_Safaryants" title="Vazgen Safaryants">Vazgen Safaryants</a>, boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Baratov" title="Nikolai Baratov">Nikolai Baratov</a> (1865–1932), Cossack ataman and Imperial Russian Army General during WWI and the Russian Civil War.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Prokhanov" title="Ivan Prokhanov">Ivan Prokhanov</a> (1869–1935), Russian, Soviet, and <a href="/wiki/White_%C3%A9migr%C3%A9" title="White émigré">emigre</a> religious figure, <a href="/wiki/Engineer" title="Engineer">engineer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a>, preacher, <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theologian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nureddin_Akhriev" title="Nureddin Akhriev">Nureddin Akhriev</a> (1904–1987), Ingush historian, caucasologist, arabist, encyclopedist, orientalist, translator.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyubov_Streicher" title="Lyubov Streicher">Lyubov Streicher</a> (1888–1958), composer and founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Jewish_Folk_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Society for Jewish Folk Music">Society for Jewish Folk Music</a><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kemurdzhian" title="Alexander Kemurdzhian">Alexander Kemurdzhian</a> (1921–2003), Soviet mechanical engineer, best known for designing <i><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_1" title="Lunokhod 1">Lunokhod 1</a></i>, the first ever planetary rover for space exploration<sup id="cite_ref-vniitransmash_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vniitransmash-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norat_Ter-Grigoryants" title="Norat Ter-Grigoryants">Norat Ter-Grigoryants</a> (born 1936), Soviet and Armenian general, prominent in his role in the <a href="/wiki/First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First Nagorno-Karabakh War</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Baev" title="David Baev">David Baev</a> (born 1997), World champion freestyle wrestler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svitlana_Bilyayeva" title="Svitlana Bilyayeva">Svitlana Bilyayeva</a> (born 1946), archaeologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Buchnev" title="Stanislav Buchnev">Stanislav Buchnev</a> (born 1990), Russian-Armenian footballer, member of the <a href="/wiki/Armenia_national_football_team" title="Armenia national football team">Armenia national football team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lado_Davidov" title="Lado Davidov">Lado Davidov</a> (1924–1987), Soviet soldier, <a href="/wiki/Hero_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Hero of the Soviet Union">Hero of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murat_Gassiev" title="Murat Gassiev">Murat Gassiev</a> (born 1993), professional boxer, undefeated unified cruiserweight world champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gazzaev" title="Valery Gazzaev">Valery Gazzaev</a> (born 1954), Russian football manager and former footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gergiev" title="Valery Gergiev">Valery Gergiev</a> (born 1953), Russian conductor and opera company director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazbek_Hudalov" title="Kazbek Hudalov">Kazbek Hudalov</a> (born 1959), Soviet soldier</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilia_II_of_Georgia" title="Ilia II of Georgia">Ilia II of Georgia</a> (born 1933), Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia and the spiritual leader of the Georgian Orthodox Church</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Kaloyev" title="Vitaly Kaloyev">Vitaly Kaloyev</a> (born 1956), convicted murderer and former architect</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aslan_Karatsev" title="Aslan Karatsev">Aslan Karatsev</a> (born 1993), Russian tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safarbek_Malsagov" title="Safarbek Malsagov">Safarbek Malsagov</a> (1868–1944), Russian general</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Penkovsky" title="Oleg Penkovsky">Oleg Penkovsky</a> (1919–1963), Soviet military intelligence officer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issa_Pliyev" title="Issa Pliyev">Issa Pliyev</a> (1903–1979), Soviet military commander, twice <a href="/wiki/Hero_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Hero of the Soviet Union">Hero of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Voronin" title="Vyacheslav Voronin">Vyacheslav Voronin</a> (born 1974), Russian high jumper, gold medallist at the <a href="/wiki/1999_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1999 World Championships in Athletics">1999 World Championships in Athletics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-name-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-name_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFБековаДударовИлиеваМальсагова2009">Бекова et al. 2009</a>, p. 191; <a href="#CITEREFБарахоеваКодзоевХайров2016">Барахоева, Кодзоев & Хайров 2016</a>, p. 21; <a href="#CITEREFКодзоев2021">Кодзоев 2021</a>, p. 52;<br /> • Previously "<b>Buru</b>" (<a href="/wiki/Ingush_language" title="Ingush language">Ingush</a>: <i lang="inh">Buru</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEМальсагов1925181_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEМальсагов1925181-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEУжахов192732_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEУжахов192732-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Буру<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEМатериалы_по_истории_Владикавказа200228«[[Власть_труда_(газета,_Владикавказ)|Власть_труда]]»_:_[[газета]]_/_орган_Владикавказского_окружного_комитета_ВКП(б),_Исполнительного_комитета_и_Совета_профсоюзов._Владикавказ,_1931,_4_сентября_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEМатериалы_по_истории_Владикавказа200228«[[Власть_труда_(газета,_Владикавказ)|Власть_труда]]»_:_[[газета]]_/_орган_Владикавказского_окружного_комитета_ВКП(б),_Исполнительного_комитета_и_Совета_профсоюзов._Владикавказ,_1931,_4_сентября-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Владикавказ</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[vlədʲɪkɐˈfkas]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Iron_Ossetian" title="Iron Ossetian">Iron Ossetian</a>: Дзӕуджыхъӕу, <i>Dzæwjyqæw</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="os-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈd͡zɐwd͡ʒəqɐw]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/dc\/Dz%C3%A6ud%C5%BEyq%C3%A6u.oga\/Dz%C3%A6ud%C5%BEyq%C3%A6u.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Dz\u00e6ud\u017eyq\u00e6u.oga"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Dz%C3%A6ud%C5%BEyq%C3%A6u.oga/Dz%C3%A6ud%C5%BEyq%C3%A6u.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Dz%C3%A6ud%C5%BEyq%C3%A6u.oga" title="File:Dzæudžyqæu.oga">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Digor_Ossetian" title="Digor Ossetian">Digor Ossetian</a>: Дзӕуӕгигъӕу, <i>Dzæwægighæw</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="os-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[d͡zɐwɐɡiʁɐw]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ingush_language" title="Ingush language">Ingush</a>: <span lang="inh">Буро</span>, <i>Buro</i><sup id="cite_ref-name_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-name-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i><a href="/wiki/Kavkazskiy_kalendar" title="Kavkazskiy kalendar">Kavkazskiy kalendar</a></i> did not distinguish between <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Belarusians" title="Belarusians">Belarusians</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ref137-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ref137_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ref137_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ref137_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ref137_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ref137_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Law #34-RZ</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gr-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gr_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Энциклопедия Города России</i>. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-7107-7399-9" title="Special:BookSources/5-7107-7399-9"><bdi>5-7107-7399-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=5-7107-7399-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/sobranie/">"Собрание представителей"</a>. <i>vladikavkaz-osetia.ru</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421015855/http://www.vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/sobranie/">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vladikavkaz-osetia.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvladikavkaz-osetia.ru%2Fsobranie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/glava/">"Приветственное слово главы АМС г. Владикавказа"</a>. <i>vladikavkaz-osetia.ru</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170426172644/http://www.vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/glava/">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vladikavkaz-osetia.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B+%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%A1+%D0%B3.+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvladikavkaz-osetia.ru%2Fglava%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010Census-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service2011" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm"><bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1</bdi></a> [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. <bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census]</bdi> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2010+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC+1&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Russian+Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fperepis2010%2Fcroc%2Fperepis_itogi1612.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2018/bul_dr/mun_obr2018.rar">"26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года"</a>. Federal State Statistics Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=26.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2018+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fdoc_2018%2Fbul_dr%2Fmun_obr2018.rar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Constitution-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Constitution_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Constitution_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Constitution of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref831-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ref831_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ref831_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ref831_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Law #10-RZ</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vremeni-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vremeni_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&prevDoc=102483854&backlink=1&&nd=102148085">"Об исчислении времени"</a>. <i>Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации</i> (in Russian). June 3, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&rft.date=2011-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravo.gov.ru%2Fproxy%2Fips%2F%3Fdocbody%3D%26prevDoc%3D102483854%26backlink%3D1%26%26nd%3D102148085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PostalCode-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PostalCode_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (<i>Russian Post</i>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vinfo.russianpost.ru/servlet/department">Поиск объектов почтовой связи</a> (<i>Postal Objects Search</i>) <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEМальсагов1925181-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEМальсагов1925181_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFМальсагов1925">Мальсагов 1925</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEУжахов192732-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEУжахов192732_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFУжахов1927">Ужахов 1927</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEМатериалы_по_истории_Владикавказа200228«[[Власть_труда_(газета,_Владикавказ)|Власть_труда]]»_:_[[газета]]_/_орган_Владикавказского_окружного_комитета_ВКП(б),_Исполнительного_комитета_и_Совета_профсоюзов._Владикавказ,_1931,_4_сентября-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEМатериалы_по_истории_Владикавказа200228«[[Власть_труда_(газета,_Владикавказ)|Власть_труда]]»_:_[[газета]]_/_орган_Владикавказского_окружного_комитета_ВКП(б),_Исполнительного_комитета_и_Совета_профсоюзов._Владикавказ,_1931,_4_сентября_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFМатериалы_по_истории_Владикавказа2002">Материалы по истории Владикавказа 2002</a>, p. 28, «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Власть труда (газета, Владикавказ) (page does not exist)">Власть труда</a>» : <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Газета">газета</a> / орган Владикавказского окружного комитета ВКП(б), Исполнительного комитета и Совета профсоюзов. Владикавказ, 1931, 4 сентября.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/city/history.php">"История"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120521140353/http://vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/city/history.php">Archived</a> from the original on May 21, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvladikavkaz-osetia.ru%2Fcity%2Fhistory.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span> the official Ossetic name>Дзæуджыхъæу (Dzæwdžyqæw)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFregion15.ru" class="citation web cs1">region15.ru. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://region15.ru/docs/vladikavkaz">"15-й РЕГИОН: Владикавказ"</a>. <i>«15-й РЕГИОН»</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170422131712/http://region15.ru/docs/vladikavkaz">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%C2%AB15-%D0%B9+%D0%A0%D0%95%D0%93%D0%98%D0%9E%D0%9D%C2%BB&rft.atitle=15-%D0%B9+%D0%A0%D0%95%D0%93%D0%98%D0%9E%D0%9D%3A+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7&rft.au=region15.ru&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregion15.ru%2Fdocs%2Fvladikavkaz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.cntd.ru/document/304200016">"КОНСТИТУЦИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ СЕВЕРНАЯ ОСЕТИЯ - АЛАНИЯ (с изменениями на: 10.05.2017), Конституция Республики Северная Осетия - Алания от 12 ноября 1994 года"</a>. <i>docs.cntd.ru</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160928001557/http://docs.cntd.ru/document/304200016">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.cntd.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%9D%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%98%D0%A2%D0%A3%D0%A6%D0%98%D0%AF+%D0%A0%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%9F%D0%A3%D0%91%D0%9B%D0%98%D0%9A%D0%98+%D0%A1%D0%95%D0%92%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%9D%D0%90%D0%AF+%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%95%D0%A2%D0%98%D0%AF+-+%D0%90%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%98%D0%AF+%28%D1%81+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%3A+10.05.2017%29%2C+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F+-+%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%82+12+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F+1994+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.cntd.ru%2Fdocument%2F304200016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEРакович19113-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEРакович19113_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFРакович1911">Ракович 1911</a>, p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Materials on the history of Vladikavkaz, 2002 , p. thirty.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bailey H. W. 1982. The Culture of the Sakas in Ancient Iranian Khotan. Delmar N.Y: Caravan Books. p.27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEТерскій_календарь189512-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEТерскій_календарь189512_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFТерскій_календарь1895">Терскій календарь 1895</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghalghay.com/2020/04/20/zaur/">"Торжество празднованія 50-летия основанія г. Владикавказа"</a> [The celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the city of Vladikavkaz]. <i>Терские ведомости</i> (in Russian). No. 75. Владикавказъ. April 5, 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F+50-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%B3.+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0.&rft.issue=75&rft.date=1911-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fghalghay.com%2F2020%2F04%2F20%2Fzaur%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Сегодня мы празднуемъ 50-летіе города Владикавказа. Раньше, на томъ мѣстѣ, гдѣ нынѣ расположенъ г. Владикавказъ, существовалъ <b>ингушскій аулъ Зауръ</b>, но въ 1784 г., по распоряженію князя Потемкина, на мѣстѣ, гдѣ существовалъ этотъ аулъ, для охраненія Военно-Грузинской дороги, служившей единственнымъ удобнымъ путемъ для соединенія съ Закавказьемъ, была устроена крѣпость Владикавказъ, а въ 1785 г. по указу Императрицы Екатерины II, отъ 9 мая, въ крѣпости была выстроена первая православная церковь. Какъ только была устроена эта крѣпость, часть осетинской народности спустилась съ горъ и поселилась у стѣнъ этой крѣпости, подъ защитою мѣстныхъ войскъ. Образовавшійся осетинскій аулъ сталъ называться «Капкай», что въ переводѣ на русскій языкъ означаетъ «Горные ворота»."</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFРакович1911">Ракович 1911</a>, p. 3:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"...на том месте, где стояло селение Зауръ, была воздвигнута русскими сильная Владикавказская крепость... В некоторых печатных источниках говорится, что Владикавказская крепость была построена на месте осетинского селения Капъ-Кой. Это не так. Правый берег Терека принадлежал, какъ это мы видили ингушамъ и кистамъ; не могли осетины на чужой земле враждебных имъ племен иметь свой аулъ; наконец своим наименованіем Владикавказа Дзауджи-Кау, осетины подтверждаютъ это мненіе, т. к. Дзауагъ — есть имя собственное Зауръ, а Кау — значитъ селеніе; иначе — селеніе Заура."</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ракович Д.В. «Прошлое Владикавказа» (1918)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runivers.ru/bookreader/book10143/#page/149/mode/1up">"Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона: Том VIА (12)"</a>. <i>runivers.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=runivers.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C+%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%95%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%3A+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC+VI%D0%90+%2812%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frunivers.ru%2Fbookreader%2Fbook10143%2F%23page%2F149%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/001199_000087_216?page=104&rotate=0&theme=white">"НЭБ - Национальная электронная библиотека"</a>. <i>rusneb.ru - Национальная электронная библиотека</i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pub=Rosstat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F26.rosstat.gov.ru%2Fstorage%2Fmediabank%2F%25D0%25A2%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25205.%2520%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25201%2520%25D0%25A0%25D0%25A1%25D0%259E-%25D0%2590%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%283%29.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vladikavkaznews.com/ru/news/20200126/41091.html#:~:text=%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%8B%20%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%20%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0,%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%20%D0%B2%20%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%202016%20%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.">"Вячеслав Битаров посетил Академию борьбы им. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82+%E2%80%93+%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7&rft.pub=Weather+and+Climate+%28%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pogodaiklimat.ru%2Fclimate%2F37228.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meteoinfo.ru/climatcities">"Climatic Norms" <bdi lang="ru">Климатические нормы</bdi></a>. <i>meteoinfo</i> (in Russian). Hydrometeorological center of Russia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=meteoinfo&rft.atitle=Climatic+Norms+%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeteoinfo.ru%2Fclimatcities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milkenarchive.org/artists/view/lazare-saminsky/">"Saminsky, Lazare"</a>. <i>Milken Archive of Jewish Music</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Milken+Archive+of+Jewish+Music&rft.atitle=Saminsky%2C+Lazare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milkenarchive.org%2Fartists%2Fview%2Flazare-saminsky%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vniitransmash-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vniitransmash_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vniitransmash.ru:80/MENU/WE/BIOGRAFII/Kemurjian.html">"Кемурджиан Александр Леонович"</a>. <i>vniitransmash.ru</i> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Mobile_Vehicle_Engineering_Institute" title="Mobile Vehicle Engineering Institute">Mobile Vehicle Engineering Institute</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181023112151/http://vniitransmash.ru/MENU/WE/BIOGRAFII/Kemurjian.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vniitransmash.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvniitransmash.ru%3A80%2FMENU%2FWE%2FBIOGRAFII%2FKemurjian.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span> Republished in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200106192354/https://www.roscosmos.ru/1696/">"Кемурджиан Александр Леонович"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Roscosmos</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.roscosmos.ru/1696/">the original</a> on January 6, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft.pub=Roscosmos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.roscosmos.ru%2F1696%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210408102447/https://regnum.ru/news/polit/1885317.html">"Генерал Норат Тер-Григорьянц: "Я предложил создать военную базу России в Армении"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/REGNUM_News_Agency" title="REGNUM News Agency">REGNUM News Agency</a>. January 15, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regnum.ru/news/polit/1885317.html">the original</a> on April 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%86%3A+%22%D0%AF+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E+%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8%22&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregnum.ru%2Fnews%2Fpolit%2F1885317.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFБековаДударовИлиеваМальсагова2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Бекова, А. И.; Дударов, У. Б.; Илиева, Ф. М.; Мальсагова, Л. Д.; Тариева, Л. У. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://disk.yandex.ru/i/8cAzdHUXidsJC"><i>Ингушско-русский словарь</i></a> [<i>Ingush-Russian Dictionary</i>] (in Ingush and Russian). Нальчик: «Республиканский полиграфкомбинат им. Революции 1905 г.». pp. 1–990. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-88195-965-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-88195-965-4"><bdi>978-5-88195-965-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C&rft.place=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.pages=1-990&rft.pub=%C2%AB%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%B8%D0%BC.+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+1905+%D0%B3.%C2%BB&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-5-88195-965-4&rft.aulast=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%90.+%D0%98.&rft.au=%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%A3.+%D0%91.&rft.au=%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C+%D0%A4.+%D0%9C.&rft.au=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C+%D0%9B.+%D0%94.&rft.au=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C+%D0%9B.+%D0%A3.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdisk.yandex.ru%2Fi%2F8cAzdHUXidsJC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFБарахоеваКодзоевХайров2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Барахоева, Н. М.; Кодзоев, Н. Д.; Хайров, Б. А. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dzurdzuki.com/download/ingushsko-russkij-slovar-terminov-sost-barahoeva-n-m-kodzoev-n-d-hajrov-b-a-2016/"><i>Ингушско-русский словарь терминов</i></a> [<i>Ingush-Russian dictionary of terms</i>] (in Ingush and Russian) (2nd ed.). Нальчик: ООО «Тетраграф». pp. 1–288.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C+%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.place=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.pages=1-288&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=%D0%9E%D0%9E%D0%9E+%C2%AB%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%C2%BB&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%9D.+%D0%9C.&rft.au=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%2C+%D0%9D.+%D0%94.&rft.au=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%91.+%D0%90.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdzurdzuki.com%2Fdownload%2Fingushsko-russkij-slovar-terminov-sost-barahoeva-n-m-kodzoev-n-d-hajrov-b-a-2016%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКодзоев2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Кодзоев, Н. Д. (2021). Хайрова, Р. Р. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dzurdzuki.com/download/kodzoev-n-d-russko-ingushskij-slovar-2021/"><i>Русско-ингушский словарь</i></a> [<i>Russian-Ingush Dictionary</i>] (in Ingush and Russian). Ростов-на-Дону: Типография «Лаки Пак». pp. 1–656. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-906785-55-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-906785-55-8"><bdi>978-5-906785-55-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C&rft.place=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83&rft.pages=1-656&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%C2%BB&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-5-906785-55-8&rft.aulast=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%9D.+%D0%94.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdzurdzuki.com%2Fdownload%2Fkodzoev-n-d-russko-ingushskij-slovar-2021%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFМальсагов1925" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Мальсагов, З. К. (1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dzurdzuki.com/download/malsagov-z-k-ingushskaya-grammatika-so-sbornikom-ingushskih-slov-1925/"><i>Ингушская грамматика со сборником ингушских слов</i></a> [<i>Ingush grammar with a collection of Ingush words</i>] (in Russian). Владикавказ: Гостипография „СВЕТ“ И. А. О. pp. 1–224.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BE+%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.place=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7&rft.pages=1-224&rft.pub=%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%E2%80%9E%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%95%D0%A2%E2%80%9C+%D0%98.+%D0%90.+%D0%9E.&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%97.+%D0%9A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdzurdzuki.com%2Fdownload%2Fmalsagov-z-k-ingushskaya-grammatika-so-sbornikom-ingushskih-slov-1925%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUzhakhov1927" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uzhakhov, M. G. (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dzurdzuki.com/download/uzhahov-m-g-ingushsko-russkij-slovar-1927-g/"><i>Ингушско-русский словарик</i></a> [<i>Ingush-Russian Dictionary</i>] (in Ingush and Russian). Vladikavkaz: Kraynatsizdat. pp. 1–185.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.place=Vladikavkaz&rft.pages=1-185&rft.pub=Kraynatsizdat&rft.date=1927&rft.aulast=Uzhakhov&rft.aufirst=M.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdzurdzuki.com%2Fdownload%2Fuzhahov-m-g-ingushsko-russkij-slovar-1927-g%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFМатериалы_по_истории_Владикавказа2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Газиков, Б. Д.; Кодзоев, Н. Д.; Тангиев, А. У. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dzurdzuki.com/download/materialy-po-istorii-vladikavkaza-sost-gazikov-b-d-kodzoev-n-d-tangiev-a-u-2002/"><i>Материалы по истории Владикавказа</i></a> [<i>Materials on the history of Vladikavkaz</i>] (in Russian). Назрань: Кеп. pp. 1–33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0&rft.place=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C&rft.pages=1-33&rft.pub=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%91.+%D0%94.&rft.au=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%2C+%D0%9D.+%D0%94.&rft.au=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%2C+%D0%90.+%D0%A3.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdzurdzuki.com%2Fdownload%2Fmaterialy-po-istorii-vladikavkaza-sost-gazikov-b-d-kodzoev-n-d-tangiev-a-u-2002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFБутков1837" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Бутков, П. Г. (1837). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.rsl.ru/ru/rsl01003542864?page=313&rotate=0&theme=white">"Мнѣніе о книгѣ: Славянскія древности"</a> [Opinion about the book: Slavic antiquities]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.rsl.ru/ru/rsl01003542864?page=1&rotate=0&theme=white"><i>Три древніе договора руссовъ съ норвежцами и шведами</i></a> [<i>Three ancient treaties of the Russians with the Norwegians and the Swedes</i>] (in Russian). Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Министерства внутреннихъ дѣлъ. pp. 1–66 (311–378 as PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%BD%D1%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B5+%D0%BE+%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%A3%3A+%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.btitle=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0+%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A+%D1%81%D1%8A+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8&rft.place=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3&rft.pages=1-66+%28311-378+as+PDF%29&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%8A+%D0%B4%D1%A3%D0%BB%D1%8A&rft.date=1837&rft.aulast=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%9F.+%D0%93.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fviewer.rsl.ru%2Fru%2Frsl01003542864%3Fpage%3D313%26rotate%3D0%26theme%3Dwhite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFТерскій_календарь1895" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Терский областной статистический комитет (1895). Вертепов, Г. А. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://book-olds.ru/BookLibrary/76001-Pamyatnyie-knizhki-Terskoy-Oblasti/1896.-Terskiy-kalendar-na-1896-god.-Vyipusk-5-y.html"><i>Терскій календарь. Вып. 5</i></a> [<i>Tersky Calendar</i>] (in Russian). Владикавказъ: Типографія Терскаго областнаго правленія. pp. 1–426.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C.+%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BF.+5&rft.place=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8A&rft.pages=1-426&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F+%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F&rft.date=1895&rft.au=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbook-olds.ru%2FBookLibrary%2F76001-Pamyatnyie-knizhki-Terskoy-Oblasti%2F1896.-Terskiy-kalendar-na-1896-god.-Vyipusk-5-y.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFРакович1911" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ракович, Д. В. (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dzurdzuki.com/download/rakovich-d-v-proshloe-vladikavkaza-1911/"><i>Прошлое Владикавказа. Краткая историческая справка ко дню пятидесятилетнего юбилея города. 1861 г.</i></a> [<i>The past of Vladikavkaz. Brief historical background to the fiftieth anniversary of the city. 1861</i>] (in Russian) (3rd ed.). Владикавказ: Электропеч. Р. Сегаль и С-вья. pp. 3–28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0.+%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8E+%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.+1861+%D0%B3.&rft.place=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7&rft.pages=3-28&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87.+%D0%A0.+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%B8+%D0%A1-%D0%B2%D1%8C%D1%8F&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft.aufirst=%D0%94.+%D0%92.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdzurdzuki.com%2Fdownload%2Frakovich-d-v-proshloe-vladikavkaza-1911%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКавказский_горец1924" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Союз горцев Кавказа в ЧСР (1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vivaldi.dspl.ru/pm0000514/view/?#page=1">"Кавказский горец"</a> [Caucasian highlander] (in Russian) (1). Прага: Издание Союза горцев Кавказа в ЧСР: 3–79.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=3-79&rft.date=1924&rft.au=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D0%A7%D0%A1%D0%A0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvivaldi.dspl.ru%2Fpm0000514%2Fview%2F%3F%23page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFПоспелов2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Поспелов, Е. М. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obuchalka.org/20201012125869/geograficheskie-nazvaniya-rossii-toponimicheskii-slovar-bolee-4000-edinic-pospelov-e-m-2008.html"><i>Географические названия России. Топонимический словарь</i></a> [<i>Geographical names of Russia. Toponymic Dictionary</i>] (in Russian). Москва: АСТ, Астрель. pp. 1–523. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-17-054966-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-17-054966-5"><bdi>978-5-17-054966-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8.+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C&rft.place=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.pages=1-523&rft.pub=%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A2%2C+%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-5-17-054966-5&rft.aulast=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%95.+%D0%9C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobuchalka.org%2F20201012125869%2Fgeograficheskie-nazvaniya-rossii-toponimicheskii-slovar-bolee-4000-edinic-pospelov-e-m-2008.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFРусская_Энциклопедія1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Адрианов, С. А., ed. (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/000199_000009_004005857?page=7&rotate=0&theme=white">"Варяги до Выла"</a> [Varangians to Vyla]. <i>Русская Энциклопедія</i> (in Russian). Vol. 4. <abbr title="St Petersburg">СПб</abbr>: Русское Книжное товарищество „Дѣятель“. pp. 1–473.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D0%BE+%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F&rft.place=%3Cabbr+title%3D%22St+Petersburg%22%3E%D0%A1%D0%9F%D0%B1%3C%2Fabbr%3E&rft.pages=1-473&rft.pub=%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%E2%80%9E%D0%94%D1%A3%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%E2%80%9C&rft.date=1913&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fviewer.rusneb.ru%2Fru%2F000199_000009_004005857%3Fpage%3D7%26rotate%3D0%26theme%3Dwhite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКавказский_календарь_на_1917_год" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prlib.ru/item/417322"><i>Кавказский календарь на 1917 год</i></a> [<i>Caucasian calendar for 1917</i>] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211104233151/https://www.prlib.ru/item/417322">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1917+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4&rft.place=Tiflis&rft.edition=72nd&rft.pub=Tipografiya+kantselyarii+Ye.I.V.+na+Kavkaze%2C+kazenny+dom&rft.date=1917&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prlib.ru%2Fitem%2F417322&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Documents">Documents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Documents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Верховный Совет Республики Северная Осетия. 12 ноября 1994 г. «Республика Северная Осетия-Алания. Конституция.», в ред. Конституционного Закона №5-РКЗ от 4 декабря 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в Конституцию Республики Северная Осетия–Алания». Вступил в силу 7 декабря 1994 г. Опубликован: брошюрой "Конституция Республики Северная Осетия–Алания".</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Republic_of_North_Ossetia-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania">Supreme Council of the Republic of North Ossetia</a>. November 12, 1994 <i>Republic of North Ossetia–Alania. Constitution.</i>, as amended by the Constitutional Law #5-RKZ of December 4, 2013 <i>On Amending the Constitution of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania</i>. Effective as of December 7, 1994.).</li> <li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Закон №34-РЗ от 9 июля 2007 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Северная Осетия-Алания», в ред. Закона №44-РЗ от 12 ноября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение к Закону Республики Северная Осетия–Алания "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Северная Осетия–Алания" и Закон Республики Северная Осетия–Алания "Об установлении границ муниципального образования Алагирский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городского и сельских поселений"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Северная Осетия", №148(24949), 16 августа 2007 г.</span></span> (Law #34-RZ of July 9, 2007 <i>On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania</i>, as amended by the Law #44-RZ of November 12, 2013 <i>On Amending the Appendix to the Law of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania" and the Law of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Alagirsky District, Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, Establishing Municipal Formations—Urban and Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure"</i>. Effective as of the official publication date.).</li> <li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Закон №10-РЗ от 5 марта 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования город Владикавказ, наделении его статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №34-РЗ от 19 июля 2006 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Северная Осетия-Алания "Об установлении границ муниципального образования город Владикавказ, наделении его статусом городского округа"». Вступил в силу 1 марта 2005 г. Опубликован: "Северная Осетия", №43 (24344), 15 марта 2005 г.</span></span> (Law #10-RZ of March 5, 2005 <i>On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the City of Vladikavkaz and On Granting It Urban Okrug Status</i>, as amended by the Law #34-RZ of July 19, 2006 <i>On Amending the Law of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the City of Vladikavkaz and On Granting It Urban Okrug Status"</i>. Effective as of March 1, 2005.).</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladikavkaz&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vladikavkaz" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Vladikavkaz#Q5239" class="extiw" title="voy:Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Vladikavkaz"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Vladikavkaz">"Vladikavkaz" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vladikavkaz&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladikavkaz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vladikavkaz-osetia.ru/">Vladikavkaz official site</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="Administrative divisions of North Ossetia–Alania">Administrative divisions</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia–Alania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="4"><div>Capital: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladikavkaz</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_rural_localities_in_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="List of rural localities in North Ossetia–Alania">Rural localities</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of North Ossetia–Alania"><img alt="Coat of arms of North Ossetia–Alania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg/40px-Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg/60px-Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg/80px-Emblem_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alagirsky_District" title="Alagirsky District">Alagirsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardonsky_District" title="Ardonsky District">Ardonsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digorsky_District" title="Digorsky District">Digorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irafsky_District" title="Irafsky District">Irafsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirovsky_District,_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="Kirovsky District, North Ossetia–Alania">Kirovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozdoksky_District" title="Mozdoksky District">Mozdoksky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravoberezhny_District,_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="Pravoberezhny District, North Ossetia–Alania">Pravoberezhny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prigorodny_District,_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="Prigorodny District, North Ossetia–Alania">Prigorodny</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of North Ossetia–Alania"><img alt="Flag of North Ossetia–Alania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/60px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/80px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alagir" title="Alagir">Alagir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardon,_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="Ardon, North Ossetia–Alania">Ardon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beslan" title="Beslan">Beslan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digora" title="Digora">Digora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozdok" title="Mozdok">Mozdok</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladikavkaz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement" title="Urban-type settlement">Urban-type settlements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Zavodskoy,_North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="Zavodskoy, North Ossetia–Alania">Zavodskoy</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_the_republics_of_Russia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_republics_capitals" title="Template:Russian republics capitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_republics_capitals" title="Template talk:Russian republics capitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_republics_capitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian republics capitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_the_republics_of_Russia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capitals</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">republics</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abakan" title="Abakan">Abakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherkessk" title="Cherkessk">Cherkessk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorno-Altaysk" title="Gorno-Altaysk">Gorno-Altaysk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyzyl" title="Kyzyl">Kyzyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magas" title="Magas">Magas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maykop" title="Maykop">Maykop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulan-Ude" title="Ulan-Ude">Ulan-Ude</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladikavkaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakutsk" title="Yakutsk">Yakutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup>Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> and internationally recognized as part of Ukraine</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of European states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent territories</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">states whose sovereignty is disputed</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></b>, Netherlands<sup>1</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andorra_la_Vella" title="Andorra la Vella">Andorra la Vella</a></b>, Andorra</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></b>, Turkey<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></b>, Kazakhstan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></b>, Greece</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></b>, Azerbaijan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></b>, Serbia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b>, Germany</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a></b>, Switzerland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a></b>, Slovakia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></b>, Belgium<sup>3</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></b>, Romania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></b>, Hungary</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a></b>, Moldova</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></b>, Denmark</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></b>, Ireland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></b>, Finland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b>, Ukraine</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></b>, Portugal</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></b>, Slovenia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b>, United Kingdom</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg</a></b>, Luxembourg</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b>, Spain</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></b>, Belarus</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></b><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b>, Russia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></b>, Cyprus<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></b>, Norway</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></b>, France</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a></b>, Montenegro</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></b>, Czech Republic</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></b>, Iceland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></b>, Latvia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></b>, Italy</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_San_Marino" title="City of San Marino">San Marino</a></b>, San Marino</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b>, Bosnia and Herzegovina</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></b>, North Macedonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></b>, Bulgaria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></b>, Sweden</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></b>, Estonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a></b>, Georgia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></b>, Albania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vaduz" title="Vaduz">Vaduz</a></b>, Liechtenstein</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></b>, Malta</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></b><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b>, Austria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></b>, Lithuania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b>, Poland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></b>, Armenia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></b>, Croatia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with<br />limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></b>, Northern Cyprus</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></b>, Kosovo</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sukhumi" title="Sukhumi">Sukhumi</a></b>, Abkhazia</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></b>, Transnistria</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a></b>, South Ossetia</i><sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b></i>, England</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></b></i>, Scotland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></b></i>, Wales</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a></b></i>, Northern Ireland</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a></b></i>, Isle of Man</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a></b></i>, Akrotiri and Dhekelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b></i>, Gibraltar</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St_Helier" title="St Helier">St Helier</a></b></i>, Jersey</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Port" title="Saint Peter Port">Saint Peter Port</a></b></i>, Guernsey</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Longyearbyen" title="Longyearbyen">Longyearbyen</a></b>, Svalbard (Norway)</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rshavn" title="Tórshavn">Tórshavn</a></b>, Faroe Islands (Denmark)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Austria">Austria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bregenz" title="Bregenz">Bregenz</a></b></i>, Vorarlberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a></b></i>, Burgenland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></b></i>, Styria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></b></i>, Tyrol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a></b></i>, Carinthia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></b></i>, Upper Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a></b></i>, Salzburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a></b></i>, Lower Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b></i>, Vienna</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Flemish Community and French Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eupen" title="Eupen">Eupen</a></b></i>, German-speaking Community</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Brussels-Capital Region and Flanders</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></b></i>, Wallonia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a></b></i> (de facto), Republika Srpska</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko" title="Brčko">Brčko</a></b></i>, Brčko District</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b></i>, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b></i>, Berlin</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></b></i>, Bremen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a></b></i>, Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></b></i>, North Rhine-Westphalia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></b></i>, Thuringia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></b></i>, Hamburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a></b></i>, Lower Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></b></i>, Schleswig-Holstein</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></b></i>, Saxony-Anhalt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></b></i>, Rhineland-Palatinate</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></b></i>, Bavaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a></b></i>, Brandenburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></b></i>, Saarland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwerin" title="Schwerin">Schwerin</a></b></i>, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></b></i>, Baden-Württemberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a></b></i>, Hesse</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a></b></i>, Chuvashia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cherkessk" title="Cherkessk">Cherkessk</a></b></i>, Karachay-Cherkessia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a></b></i>, Kalmykia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a></b></i>, Chechnya</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a></b></i>, Udmurtia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></b></i>, Tatarstan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magas" title="Magas">Magas</a></b></i>, Ingushetia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></b></i>, Dagestan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Maykop" title="Maykop">Maykop</a></b></i>, Adygea</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></b></i>, Kabardino-Balkaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a></b></i>, Karelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a></b></i>, Mordovia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a></b></i>, Komi</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a></b></i>, Bashkortostan</li> <li><i><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladikavkaz</a></b></i>, North Ossetia–Alania</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></b></i>, Mari El</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Naryan-Mar" title="Naryan-Mar">Naryan-Mar</a></b></i>, Nenets</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a></b></i>, Krasnodar Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a></b></i>, Perm Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></b></i>, Stavropol Krai</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk" title="Arkhangelsk">Arkhangelsk</a></b></i>, Arkhangelsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a></b></i>, Astrakhan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belgorod" title="Belgorod">Belgorod</a></b></i>, Belgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bryansk" title="Bryansk">Bryansk</a></b></i>, Bryansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo" title="Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a></b></i>, Ivanovo Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a></b></i>, Kaliningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaluga" title="Kaluga">Kaluga</a></b></i>, Kaluga Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kirov,_Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov, Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></b></i>, Kirov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma">Kostroma</a></b></i>, Kostroma Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i>, Moscow Oblast (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a></b></i>, Kursk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk" title="Lipetsk">Lipetsk</a></b></i>, Lipetsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a></b></i>, Murmansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></b></i>, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a></b></i>, Orenburg Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a></b></i>, Oryol Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Penza" title="Penza">Penza</a></b></i>, Penza Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a></b></i>, Pskov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></b></i>, Rostov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ryazan" title="Ryazan">Ryazan</a></b></i>, Ryazan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gatchina" title="Gatchina">Gatchina</a></b></i>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Samara" title="Samara">Samara</a></b></i>, Samara Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a></b></i>, Saratov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a></b></i>, Smolensk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tambov" title="Tambov">Tambov</a></b></i>, Tambov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a></b></i>, Tula Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></b></i>, Tver Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk" title="Ulyanovsk">Ulyanovsk</a></b></i>, Ulyanovsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a></b></i>, Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a></b></i>, Vladimir Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a></b></i>, Volgograd Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vologda" title="Vologda">Vologda</a></b></i>, Vologda Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a></b></i>, Voronezh Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a></b></i>, Yaroslavl Oblast</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aarau" title="Aarau">Aarau</a></b></i>, Aargau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Altdorf,_Uri" title="Altdorf, Uri">Altdorf</a></b></i>, Uri</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_(village)" title="Appenzell (village)">Appenzell</a></b></i>, Appenzell Innerrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a></b></i>, Basel-Stadt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bellinzona" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a></b></i>, Ticino</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Chur" title="Chur">Chur</a></b></i>, Grisons</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Del%C3%A9mont" title="Delémont">Delémont</a></b></i>, Jura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Frauenfeld" title="Frauenfeld">Frauenfeld</a></b></i>, Thurgau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Fribourg" title="Fribourg">Fribourg</a></b></i>, Canton of Fribourg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></b></i>, Canton of Geneva</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Herisau" title="Herisau">Herisau</a></b></i>, Appenzell Ausserrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a></b></i>, Vaud</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Liestal" title="Liestal">Liestal</a></b></i>, Basel-Landschaft</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a></b></i>, Canton of Lucerne</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel" title="Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></b></i>, Canton of Neuchâtel</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarnen" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a></b></i>, Obwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></b></i>, Canton of Schaffhausen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwyz" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></b></i>, Canton of Schwyz</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sion,_Switzerland" title="Sion, Switzerland">Sion</a></b></i>, Valais</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Solothurn" title="Solothurn">Solothurn</a></b></i>, Canton of Solothurn</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stans" title="Stans">Stans</a></b></i>, Nidwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></b></i>, Canton of St. Gallen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Glarus" title="Glarus">Glarus</a></b></i>, Canton of Glarus</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug</a></b></i>, Canton of Zug</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a></b></i>, Canton of Zürich</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a></b></i>, Sardinia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a></b></i>, Sicily</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a></b></i>, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a></b></i>, Aosta Valley</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></b></i>, Friuli Venezia Giulia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions of Portugal">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ponta_Delgada" title="Ponta Delgada">Ponta Delgada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a></b></i>, Azores</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></b></i>, Madeira</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></b></i>, Catalonia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></b></i> & <i><b><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></b></i>, Canary Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o" title="Logroño">Logroño</a></b></i>, La Rioja</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b></i>, Community of Madrid</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a></b></i>, Extremadura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murcia" title="Murcia">Murcia</a></b></i>, Region of Murcia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a></b></i>, Asturias</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca" title="Palma de Mallorca">Palma de Mallorca</a></b></i>, Balearic Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a></b></i>, Navarre</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santander,_Spain" title="Santander, Spain">Santander</a></b></i>, Cantabria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></b></i>, Galicia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a></b></i>, Andalusia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></b></i>, Castilla–La Mancha (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></b></i>, Valencian Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a></b></i>, Castile and León (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></b></i>, Basque Country (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a></b></i>, Aragon</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a></b></i>, Corsica Collectivité (France)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a></b></i>, Adjara (Georgia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Comrat" title="Comrat">Comrat</a></b></i>, Gagauzia (Moldova)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Karyes,_Mount_Athos" title="Karyes, Mount Athos">Karyes</a></b></i>, Mount Athos (Greece)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a></b></i>, Åland Islands (Finland)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhchivan</a></b></i>, Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></b></i>, Vojvodina (Serbia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (Ukraine)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Continental placement may vary <a href="/wiki/Boundaries_between_the_continents_of_Earth#Asia_and_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundaries between the continents of Earth">depending on geographic convention</a> being followed</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also the seat of the European Union, see <a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union" title="Brussels and the European Union">Brussels and the European Union</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>4</sup></span> A city-state</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_of_Military_Glory_of_Russia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_of_Military_Glory" title="Template:Cities of Military Glory"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_of_Military_Glory" title="Template talk:Cities of Military Glory"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_of_Military_Glory" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities of Military Glory"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_of_Military_Glory_of_Russia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Military_Glory" title="City of Military Glory">Cities of Military Glory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk" title="Arkhangelsk">Arkhangelsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgorod" title="Belgorod">Belgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryansk" title="Bryansk">Bryansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitrov" title="Dmitrov">Dmitrov</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Feodosia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatchina" title="Gatchina">Gatchina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalach-na-Donu" title="Kalach-na-Donu">Kalach-na-Donu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozelsk" title="Kozelsk">Kozelsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luga,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Luga, Leningrad Oblast">Luga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malgobek" title="Malgobek">Malgobek</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariupol" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro-Fominsk" title="Naro-Fominsk">Naro-Fominsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyarny,_Murmansk_Oblast" title="Polyarny, Murmansk Oblast">Polyarny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rzhev" title="Rzhev">Rzhev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staraya_Russa" title="Staraya Russa">Staraya Russa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taganrog" title="Taganrog">Taganrog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikhvin" title="Tikhvin">Tikhvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuapse" title="Tuapse">Tuapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velikiye_Luki" title="Velikiye Luki">Velikiye Luki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladikavkaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volokolamsk" title="Volokolamsk">Volokolamsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyazma" title="Vyazma">Vyazma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyborg" title="Vyborg">Vyborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelets" title="Yelets">Yelets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelnya,_Yelninsky_District,_Smolensk_Oblast" title="Yelnya, Yelninsky District, Smolensk Oblast">Yelnya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>In italics are cities internationally recognized as part of Ukraine occupied by Russia.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5239#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5239#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5239#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4461426-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80013443">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16200308x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16200308x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Vladikavkaz (Rusko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1007162&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007559643905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/1d58b0ce-6765-468f-aecd-84ff432ed4ba">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/19162733X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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