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--e-global-typography-e1a6c86-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h2{color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h3{color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-text-transform );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h4{color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h5{color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h6{color:#9AADBB;font-family:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-text-transform );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 button,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="button"],.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="submit"],.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-button{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-font-weight );text-decoration:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-text-decoration );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-word-spacing );color:var( --e-global-color-28907ab );background-color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );border-radius:4px 4px 4px 4px;padding:7px 12px 7px 10px;}.elementor-kit-72668 button:hover,.elementor-kit-72668 button:focus,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="button"]:hover,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="button"]:focus,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="submit"]:hover,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="submit"]:focus,.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-button:hover,.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-button:focus{color:var( --e-global-color-28907ab );background-color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );}.elementor-kit-72668 label{color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 input:not([type="button"]):not([type="submit"]),.elementor-kit-72668 textarea,.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-field-textual{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:400;color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );background-color:var( --e-global-color-28907ab );border-style:solid;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;border-color:#00264226;border-radius:4px 4px 4px 4px;transition:512ms;padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em 0.4em;}.elementor-kit-72668 input:focus:not([type="button"]):not([type="submit"]),.elementor-kit-72668 textarea:focus,.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-field-textual:focus{color:var( --e-global-color-01e45f3 );border-style:solid;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;border-color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );border-radius:4px 4px 4px 4px;}.elementor-section.elementor-section-boxed > .elementor-container{max-width:1140px;}.e-con{--container-max-width:1140px;}.elementor-widget:not(:last-child){margin-block-end:20px;}.elementor-element{--widgets-spacing:20px 20px;}{}h1.entry-title{display:var(--page-title-display);}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-kit-72668{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-text-line-height );}.elementor-kit-72668 h1{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h2{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h3{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h4{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h5{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h6{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 button,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="button"],.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="submit"],.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-button{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 label{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-word-spacing );}.elementor-section.elementor-section-boxed > .elementor-container{max-width:1024px;}.e-con{--container-max-width:1024px;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-kit-72668{--e-global-typography-e1a6c86-font-size:2rem;--e-global-typography-a900b0f-font-size:1.5em;--e-global-typography-0536dc3-font-size:1.2em;--e-global-typography-7126788-font-size:2rem;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-text-line-height );}.elementor-kit-72668 h1{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e1a6c86-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h2{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b98d029-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h3{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-e3ef06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h4{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-ccc83f2-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h5{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-5b92099-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 h6{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-f41c7c4-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 button,.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="button"],.elementor-kit-72668 input[type="submit"],.elementor-kit-72668 .elementor-button{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-daf0ccf-word-spacing );}.elementor-kit-72668 label{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-word-spacing );}.elementor-section.elementor-section-boxed > .elementor-container{max-width:767px;}.e-con{--container-max-width:767px;}}/* Start custom CSS *//* Code owner: Comms */ /* ADMIN */ /* Make Elementoro admin dropdown menu wider */ #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page-default .elementor-edit-link-title { min-width:400px; } #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page-default {min-width:500px;} /* TYPOGRAPHY SHIMS */ /* Enforce root base font size */ :root{ font-size: 20px; } body { font-size:20px; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures discretionary-ligatures historical-ligatures; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; } /* padding above/below H tags */ p ~ h2 { margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:1em; } p ~ h3 { margin-top:1.5em; margin-bottom:.5em; } p ~ h4 { margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:.5em; } p ~ h5 { margin-top:.5em; margin-bottom:0em; } #p_content ul { margin-bottom:1rem; } /* Underline links in paragraphs. intended to make links in products interesting */ #p_content p a, #p_content li a { text-decoration:underline !important; text-decoration-thickness:2px !important; text-decoration-color: #006DC1 !important; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; text-underline-offset: 2px; } #p_content p a:hover { text-decoration-color:#006DC1 !important; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; } /* p {width:60ch;} */ /* classes for gutenburg blocks that don't inherit the right font */ .font-make-sans-semibold { font-family: source-sans-pro; font-weight: 600 !important; } .font-make-sans-bold { font-family:source-sans-pro; font-weight:bold; } .font-make-sans-normal { font-family: source-sans-pro; font-weight: 400; } .font-make-1rem { font-size: 1rem; } .font-make-08rem { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height:1.1em; } h2.font-make-display-semibold, .font-make-display-semibold { font-family:freight-display-pro; font-weight: 600; } .font-make-allcaps { text-transform: uppercase; } /* pullquotes */ .s4-pullquote { border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 5px; padding-left: 8px; font-weight: 600; border-left-color:#cee7d5; margin:1rem; } .s4-pullquote-big { border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 5px; padding-left: .5rem; padding-top:.5rem; padding-bottom:.5rem; padding-right: 1rem; display:block; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.7rem; font-family: freight-display-pro; font-size: 1.5rem; border-left-color:#cee7d5; margin-left:1rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; margin-right: 1rem; } /* CSS FOR TOOLSET LOOPS AND VIEWS */ .s4-loop-byline-loop-name { font-family: source-sans-pro; font-size:14px; font-weight: 600; line-height:18px !important; } button.s4-secondary-button {color:#006DC1;background-color:#ffffff;} a.btn-attachment { color:#ffffff; background-color:#006DC1; margin-bottom:1rem; font-family: source-sans-pro; font-weight: 600 !important; } /* PRINTING */ /* Class for items that should not be printed */ @media print { .noprint { visibility: hidden; max-height:1px; } }/* End custom CSS */ .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ca65a4{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--align-items:center;--gap:2.5rem 2.5rem;--background-transition:0.3s;--margin-top:0rem;--margin-bottom:0rem;--margin-left:0rem;--margin-right:0rem;--padding-top:0rem;--padding-bottom:0rem;--padding-left:0rem;--padding-right:0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-44bfe4f{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:2.5rem 2.5rem;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-44bfe4f, .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-44bfe4f::before{--border-transition:0.3s;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:flex-start;--align-items:center;--gap:0rem 0rem;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0rem;--padding-bottom:4rem;--padding-left:0rem;--padding-right:0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-2aeee00 );}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638, .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638::before{--border-transition:0.3s;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5699f99{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:flex-start;--align-items:flex-start;--gap:0rem 0rem;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:1rem;--padding-bottom:0rem;--padding-left:1.5rem;--padding-right:1.5rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-73cd01f img{width:100%;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-73cd01f > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0rem 0rem 0rem 0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-42af10c{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--align-items:flex-start;--gap:0rem 0rem;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:1rem;--padding-bottom:0rem;--padding-left:0rem;--padding-right:0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-42af10c:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-42af10c > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-28907ab );}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-42af10c, .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-42af10c::before{--border-transition:0.3s;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d02fb81{--display:flex;--gap:0rem 0rem;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:1rem;--padding-bottom:0rem;--padding-left:0rem;--padding-right:0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d02fb81, .elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d02fb81::before{--border-transition:0.3s;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-20c4700 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0rem 0rem 0rem 0rem;}.elementor-widget .tippy-tooltip .tippy-content{text-align:center;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638{--padding-top:0rem;--padding-bottom:4rem;--padding-left:0rem;--padding-right:0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5699f99{--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:space-between;}}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638{--width:20%;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5699f99{--width:100%;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-42af10c{--width:60%;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d02fb81{--width:20%;}}@media(max-width:1024px) and (min-width:768px){.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638{--width:20%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ca65a4{--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-44bfe4f{--width:100%;--gap:0rem 0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638{--padding-top:0rem;--padding-bottom:3rem;--padding-left:0rem;--padding-right:0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d88b638.e-con{--order:-99999 /* order start hack */;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5699f99{--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:space-between;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5699f99.e-con{--order:-99999 /* order start hack */;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-49eb26d > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0rem 0rem 1rem 0rem;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-49eb26d{width:var( --container-widget-width, 20% );max-width:20%;--container-widget-width:20%;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;}.elementor-67069 .elementor-element.elementor-element-73cd01f{width:var( --container-widget-width, 40% );max-width:40%;--container-widget-width:40%;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;}} .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b1e780{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--background-transition:0.3s;border-style:solid;--border-style:solid;border-width:4px 0px 0px 0px;--border-top-width:4px;--border-right-width:0px;--border-bottom-width:0px;--border-left-width:0px;border-color:var( --e-global-color-primary );--border-color:var( --e-global-color-primary );--border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;--margin-top:40px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:30px;--padding-bottom:29px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b1e780:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b1e780 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-efd112c );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b1e780, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b1e780::before{--border-transition:0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32b8bd{--display:flex;--background-transition:0.3s;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ad7dc85 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:#006DC1;fill:#006DC1;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.elementor-item-active{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3{--e-nav-menu-horizontal-menu-item-margin:calc( 0px / 2 );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 .elementor-nav-menu--main:not(.elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal) .elementor-nav-menu > li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a1e7a9b{--display:flex;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ff3eaeb .elementor-heading-title{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item:hover, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.elementor-item-active, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.highlighted, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item:focus{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.elementor-item-active{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f{--e-nav-menu-horizontal-menu-item-margin:calc( 0px / 2 );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu--main:not(.elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal) .elementor-nav-menu > li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e3ce82c{--display:flex;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-721f3d2 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6cf5cfb .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6cf5cfb .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6cf5cfb .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.elementor-item-active{color:var( --e-global-color-28907ab );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6cf5cfb{--e-nav-menu-horizontal-menu-item-margin:calc( 0px / 2 );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6cf5cfb .elementor-nav-menu--main:not(.elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal) .elementor-nav-menu > li:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8c4e8da{--display:flex;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-66f75b4 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-weight );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-184a48d{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4a76a60{--display:flex;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-961d8df .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-icon i{transition:color 0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-icon svg{transition:fill 0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e{--e-icon-list-icon-size:14px;--icon-vertical-offset:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-item > .elementor-icon-list-text, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-item > a{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-text{color:#384147;transition:color 0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-912a2d8{--display:flex;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-544a621 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-icon i{transition:color 0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-icon svg{transition:fill 0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a{--e-icon-list-icon-size:14px;--icon-vertical-offset:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-item > .elementor-icon-list-text, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-item > a{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-text{color:#384147;transition:color 0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-974e10d{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--background-transition:0.3s;--margin-top:1rem;--margin-bottom:0rem;--margin-left:0rem;--margin-right:0rem;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-974e10d:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-974e10d > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-28907ab );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-974e10d, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-974e10d::before{--border-transition:0.3s;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9f957b4{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-family ), Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}.elementor-widget .tippy-tooltip .tippy-content{text-align:center;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ad7dc85 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ff3eaeb .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-721f3d2 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6cf5cfb .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-66f75b4 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-item > .elementor-icon-list-text, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cecc81e .elementor-icon-list-item > a{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-item > .elementor-icon-list-text, .elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7f382a .elementor-icon-list-item > a{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9f957b4{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9b1e780{--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:15px;--padding-top:35px;--padding-bottom:40px;--padding-left:2px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32b8bd{--width:100%;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ad7dc85 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ad7dc85 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px -20px 15px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6e377a3 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 10px 15px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ff3eaeb .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ff3eaeb > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px -20px 15px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-71344 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2e8c28f .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-71344 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class="elementor-widget-container"> <style>/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 */ .elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}</style><div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Trade <BR>& Technology</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a13ac5e elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="a13ac5e" data-element_type="widget" 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1px 1px 1px;border-color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-84b000f > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0.25rem 0rem 0rem 0rem;}.elementor-widget .tippy-tooltip .tippy-content{text-align:center;}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9a03144{--width:20%;}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-10fe698{--width:20%;}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ba84800{--width:20%;}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4556323{--width:40%;}}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-71b99a9 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-14e5b64 .elementor-field-group .elementor-field, .elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-14e5b64 .elementor-field-subgroup label{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-word-spacing );}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-14e5b64 .elementor-message{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-71b99a9 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height 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elementor-66822" data-elementor-post-type="jet-menu"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e76efd5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="e76efd5" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9a03144 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="9a03144" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a4601bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="a4601bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About Stimson</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-71b99a9 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="71b99a9" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" 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href="https://www.stimson.org/about/stimson/history/" class="elementor-item">History</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-project menu-item-78148"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/project/alfred-lee-loomis-innovation-council/" class="elementor-item">Loomis Council</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-project menu-item-78149"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/project/eastwest-council-of-advisors-on-track-ii-diplomacy/" class="elementor-item">EastWest Council</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-71b99a9" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-66828"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/about/stimson/mission-vision/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Mission & Vision</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page 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.elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:7px;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-008b260{--display:flex;--gap:0px 0px;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-40beaa7 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"freight-display-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-40beaa7 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0rem 0rem .8rem 0rem;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-67ded84 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-67ded84 .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:7px;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c57572{--display:flex;--gap:0px 0px;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e8c009a .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"freight-display-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e8c009a > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0rem 0rem .8rem 0rem;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f3675bc .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f3675bc .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:7px;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-7f79e9b .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-7f79e9b .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:7px;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b8e66d .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:"source-sans-pro", Source Serif Pro, Times New Roman;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8b8e66d .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );fill:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:7px;padding-bottom:7px;}body.elementor-page-66535{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}body.elementor-page-66535:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), body.elementor-page-66535 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-2aeee00 );}.elementor-widget .tippy-tooltip .tippy-content{text-align:center;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a13ac5e .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0ddc21b .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a13ac5e .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66535 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0ddc21b .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-1dce098-word-spacing );}}</style> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="66535" class="elementor elementor-66535" data-elementor-post-type="jet-menu"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d9032eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="d9032eb" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1ed43b4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="1ed43b4" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f2d3913 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="f2d3913" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Trade <BR>& Technology</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a13ac5e elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="a13ac5e" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-a13ac5e" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66539"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/conventional-arms/" class="elementor-item">Conventional Arms</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66540"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/emerging-tech/" class="elementor-item">Emerging Technology</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66541"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/nonproliferation/" class="elementor-item">Nonproliferation</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66542"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/trade-risk/" class="elementor-item">Trade Risk Mitigation</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-a13ac5e" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66539"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/conventional-arms/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Conventional Arms</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66540"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/emerging-tech/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Emerging Technology</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66541"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/nonproliferation/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Nonproliferation</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66542"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/trade-tech/trade-risk/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Trade Risk Mitigation</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7f52153 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="7f52153" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-601884e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="601884e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Security<br>& Strategy</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-762aaed elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="762aaed" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-762aaed" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66576"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/security-strategy/grand-strategy/" class="elementor-item">Grand Strategy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66574"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/security-strategy/defense-policy-posture/" class="elementor-item">Defense Policy & Posture</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66575"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/security-strategy/diplomacy-dialogue/" class="elementor-item">Diplomacy & Dialogue</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-762aaed" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66576"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/security-strategy/grand-strategy/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Grand Strategy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66574"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/security-strategy/defense-policy-posture/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Defense Policy & Posture</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66575"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/security-strategy/diplomacy-dialogue/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Diplomacy & Dialogue</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9e82336 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="9e82336" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0ddc21b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="0ddc21b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Human Security<BR>& Governance</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8eaa843 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="8eaa843" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-8eaa843" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66570"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/human-rights-ihl/" class="elementor-item">Human Rights & IHL</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66571"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/intl-orgs/" class="elementor-item">International & Regional Organizations</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66572"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/peacekeeping/" class="elementor-item">Peacekeeping</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66573"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/protection-civilians/" class="elementor-item">Protection of Civilians</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-8eaa843" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66570"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/human-rights-ihl/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Human Rights & IHL</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66571"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/intl-orgs/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">International & Regional Organizations</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66572"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/peacekeeping/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Peacekeeping</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66573"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/human-security-governance/protection-civilians/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Protection of Civilians</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-008b260 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="008b260" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-40beaa7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="40beaa7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Climate<BR>& Natural Resources</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-67ded84 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="67ded84" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-67ded84" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66568"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/climate-natural-resources/energy-water-oceans/" class="elementor-item">Energy, Water & Oceans</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66569"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/climate-natural-resources/resilience-sustainability/" class="elementor-item">Resilience & Sustainability</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-67ded84" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66568"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/climate-natural-resources/energy-water-oceans/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Energy, Water & Oceans</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66569"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/climate-natural-resources/resilience-sustainability/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Resilience & Sustainability</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4c57572 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="4c57572" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e8c009a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="e8c009a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pivotal<BR>Places</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f3675bc elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="f3675bc" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-f3675bc" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-68117"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/" class="elementor-item">Asia & Indo-Pacific</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-f3675bc" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-68117"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Asia & Indo-Pacific</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7f79e9b elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="7f79e9b" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-7f79e9b" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66578"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/china/" class="elementor-item">China</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66579"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/japan/" class="elementor-item">Japan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66580"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/korean-peninsula/" class="elementor-item">Korean Peninsula</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66581"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/south-asia/" class="elementor-item">South Asia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66582"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/southeast-asia/" class="elementor-item">Southeast Asia</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-7f79e9b" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66578"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/asia-indopac/china/" class="elementor-item" 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href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/russia/" class="elementor-item">Russia</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-8b8e66d" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-66586"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/mena/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Middle East & North Africa</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-research menu-item-66587"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/russia/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Russia</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></li> <li class="jet-mega-menu-item jet-mega-menu-item-type-custom jet-mega-menu-item-object-custom jet-mega-menu-item--default jet-mega-menu-item--top-level 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1px 1px 1px;border-color:var( --e-global-color-1c10667 );}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-84b000f > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0.25rem 0rem 0rem 0rem;}.elementor-widget .tippy-tooltip .tippy-content{text-align:center;}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9a03144{--width:20%;}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-10fe698{--width:20%;}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ba84800{--width:20%;}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4556323{--width:40%;}}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-71b99a9 .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66822 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);letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-524f06c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-14e5b64 .elementor-field-group .elementor-field, .elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-14e5b64 .elementor-field-subgroup label{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-4bec463-word-spacing );}.elementor-66822 .elementor-element.elementor-element-14e5b64 .elementor-message{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-b70f243-word-spacing );}}</style> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="66822" class="elementor elementor-66822" data-elementor-post-type="jet-menu"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e76efd5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="e76efd5" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9a03144 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="9a03144" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a4601bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="a4601bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About Stimson</div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-71b99a9 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="71b99a9" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-71b99a9" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-66828"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/about/stimson/mission-vision/" class="elementor-item">Mission & Vision</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-69066"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/about/stimson/media-announcements/" class="elementor-item">News & Announcements</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-66829"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/about/stimson/programs/" class="elementor-item">Programs</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-66830"><a 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elementor-element-35f2320d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="35f2320d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6ed48962 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="6ed48962" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58022863 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="58022863" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1568cf5d e-con-full noprint e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="1568cf5d" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-68aba537 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="68aba537" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><span>Commentary</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-99ff5b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="99ff5b4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/%20">Pivotal Places </a></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7fbf865d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7fbf865d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"> <a href="https://www.stimson.org/program/mena">Middle East & North Africa Program</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4e49eefc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4e49eefc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"> <div id="wpv-view-layout-67023-TCPID88241" class="js-wpv-view-layout js-wpv-layout-responsive js-wpv-view-layout-67023-TCPID88241" data-viewnumber="67023-TCPID88241" data-pagination="{"id":"67023","query":"normal","type":"disabled","effect":"fade","duration":"500","speed":"5","pause_on_hover":"disabled","stop_rollover":"false","cache_pages":"enabled","preload_images":"enabled","preload_pages":"enabled","preload_reach":"1","spinner":"builtin","spinner_image":"https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/embedded/res/img/ajax-loader.gif","callback_next":"","manage_history":"enabled","has_controls_in_form":"disabled","infinite_tolerance":"0","max_pages":1,"page":1,"base_permalink":"/2023/why-are-the-houthis-getting-involved-in-a-war-between-israel-and-hamas/?wpv_view_count=67023-TCPID88241&wpv_paged=WPV_PAGE_NUM","loop":{"type":"","name":"","data":[],"id":0}}" data-permalink="/2023/why-are-the-houthis-getting-involved-in-a-war-between-israel-and-hamas/?wpv_view_count=67023-TCPID88241"> <a href="https://www.stimson.org/project/middle-east-perspectives/">Middle East Perspectives Project</a> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20ceebb6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="20ceebb6" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2162f536 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading" data-id="2162f536" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="theme-post-title.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Why Are the Houthis Getting Involved in a War Between Israel and Hamas?</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-196737f4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="196737f4" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4464f899 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4464f899" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">By targeting Israel and Israeli-owned ships, the Houthis are signaling that their harsh rhetoric against Israel is not just empty words</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4f3d9087 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4f3d9087" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"> By  Marc Martorell Junyent<span class="font-make-sans-normal"> </span> </h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c2839a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c2839a0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/research/pivotal-places/mena/">Middle East & North Africa</a> </h2> </div> </div> <div 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data-pagination="{"id":"67185","query":"normal","type":"disabled","effect":"fade","duration":"500","speed":"5","pause_on_hover":"disabled","stop_rollover":"false","cache_pages":"enabled","preload_images":"enabled","preload_pages":"enabled","preload_reach":"1","spinner":"builtin","spinner_image":"https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/embedded/res/img/ajax-loader.gif","callback_next":"","manage_history":"enabled","has_controls_in_form":"disabled","infinite_tolerance":"0","max_pages":0,"page":1,"base_permalink":"/2023/why-are-the-houthis-getting-involved-in-a-war-between-israel-and-hamas/?wpv_view_count=67185-TCPID88241&wpv_paged=WPV_PAGE_NUM","loop":{"type":"","name":"","data":[],"id":0}}" data-permalink="/2023/why-are-the-houthis-getting-involved-in-a-war-between-israel-and-hamas/?wpv_view_count=67185-TCPID88241"> <strong></strong> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-520d556 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content" data-id="520d556" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="theme-post-content.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>There are well-grounded fears of regional escalation in the Middle East following the Hamas terrorist attack that <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-hamas-due-release-more-people-amid-efforts-extend-truce-2023-11-28/">killed</a> 1,200 people in Israel on Oct. 7 and the Israeli response, which has led to more than <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/11/28/israel-hamas-war-live-33-more-palestinian-prisoners-released-by-israel">15,000 deaths</a> in the Gaza Strip. Perhaps the most unlikely actor that could expand the scope of the conflict is the Houthi movement, which has controlled most of north-western Yemen since 2014. The Houthis’ response to the Israel-Hamas war is testing an uneasy balance between the group’s ideological commitments and its pursuit of pragmatic objectives.</p> <p>In the almost two months since the war began, the Houthis have repeatedly <a href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/yemen-s-houthi-group-says-it-targeted-israel-with-ballistic-missiles/3053841">launched</a> ballistic missiles and drones toward the southern Israeli city of Eilat. On Oct. 31, Houthi military spokesman Yahya Sarei <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/9/why-did-yemens-houthis-launch-attack-on-israel-will-it-help-gaza">announced</a> that more strikes would follow “until the Israeli aggression stops” and Palestinians are “victorious.” All the <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/14/yemens-houthis-say-they-fired-ballistic-missiles-towards-israel">ballistic missiles</a> have fallen short or been destroyed by Israel’s “Arrow” defense system, while the U.S. Navy <a href="https://apnews.com/article/us-iran-houthi-drone-yemen-daf0427ba836799ba29479050b866f90">has repeatedly shot down</a> drones in the waters off the Yemeni coast.</p> <p>While Houthi missiles have missed their targets, the group has been more successful in maritime operations in the Red Sea north of Bab al-Mandeb, a critical chokepoint for global trade. On Nov. 19, the Houthis <a href="https://apnews.com/article/israel%20palestinians%20red%20sea%20ship%20yemen%20houthis%2065b611ff878a411900037e7c9a8ee17b">hijacked</a> the Galaxy Leader, a vessel traveling from Turkey to India, while it was sailing about 57 miles off the Yemeni city of Hodeida. The ship <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/seized-galaxy-leader-ship-yemens-hodeidah-port-area-owner-2023-11-20/">was operated</a> by a Japanese company and flew under a Bahamian flag, and <a href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/2413376/middle-east">the crew</a> was largely from the Philippines. However, the <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/global-shipping-on-edge-after-houthis-seize-israeli-vessels/a-67549872">owner</a> of the Galaxy Leader is Abraham Ungar, one of the richest men in Israel and a close friend of  Israeli Minister of Defense Yoav Gallant, according to the Israeli newspaper <a href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/business/2019-06-19/ty-article-magazine/the-top-30-richest-people-in-israel-and-where-they-get-their-money-from/0000017f-e9ab-df2c-a1ff-fffbb7ad0000">Haaretz</a>. Efforts to free the crew are currently being <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67470711">led</a> by Japan.</p> <p>On Dec. 3, tensions in the southern Red Sea rose further after the <a href="https://apnews.com/article/red-sea-houthi-yemen-ships-attack-israel-hamas-war-gaza-strip-716770f0a780160e9abed98d3c48fbde">Houthis launched</a> missiles against three commercial vessels in the vicinity of the place where the Galaxy Leader was hijacked. The USS Carney <a href="https://twitter.com/CENTCOM/status/1731424734829773090">provided assistance</a> to the ships and brought down at least three drones coming from Houthi-controlled territory. Houthi military spokesman Sarei <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/04/us-warship-drone-attack-houthi-rebels-yemen/">claimed</a> the attacks were carried out in solidarity with Palestinians, while <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/britains-maritime-agency-reports-potential-explosion-red-sea-2023-12-03/">Israel has denied</a> the ships had any Israeli ties. </p> <p>The Houthis’ opposition to Israel, as well as their antisemitism, are long-standing. During a series of conflicts, starting in 2004 when the Houthis rebelled against the central government of then President Ali Abdullah Saleh, the group has <a href="https://sanaacenter.org/publications/analysis/9050">rallied</a> followers under the slogan: “God is great, death to America, death to Israel, a curse upon the Jews, victory to Islam.”</p> <p>Hussein al-Houthi, the founder of the movement, <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21534764.2016.1247522">believed</a> that the U.S. and Israel had plans to occupy both Mecca and Medina, Islam’s holiest cities. His brother Abdel-Malek al-Houthi, the current leader of the movement, has frequently mentioned Israel in the context of the Yemeni war despite Tel Aviv playing no known role in the conflict. For instance, in 2021 Abdel-Malek al-Houthi <a href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20210903-houthi-leader-vows-to-control-all-of-yemen/">announced</a> that his movement intended to gain control of the areas held by their enemies in Yemen, who “want to subjugate them [the areas] to the Americans, British, and Israelis.” Also in 2021, the Houthis <a href="https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2021/03/houthis-deport-some-yemens-last-remaining-jews#ixzz6qnmBdemx">deported</a> the last Jews living under their rule.</p> <p>An analysis of the Houthis’ social media posts <a href="file:///Users/barbara/Downloads/gulfif.org/a-battle-of-hearts-and-minds-the-growing-media-footprint-of-yemens-houthis">shows</a> that their content often features anti-Semitic tropes. Meanwhile, Luca Nevola, who carried out field research in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen in 2012, <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/cy/5917">reported</a> that conspiracy theories were being circulated that U.S. and Israeli agents were responsible for poisoning trees.</p> <p>By targeting Israel and Israeli-owned ships in the context of the current Israel-Hamas war, the Houthis are signaling that their harsh rhetoric against Israel and the Jewish people is not just empty words. At the same time, these attacks seek to align the Houthis more closely with the so-called “Axis of Resistance” led by Iran and comprising Hamas, Hezbollah, and pro-Iranian militias in Iraq.</p> <p>The Houthis have <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2021.1954353">received</a> significant political and military support from Iran during the last decade. However, Iran-Houthi ties are of <a href="https://www.stimson.org/2023/peace-for-yemen-elusive-despite-iran-saudi-deal-and-saudi-houthi-talks/">limited duration and intensity</a> compared with Iran’s relations with other members of the axis, particularly Hezbollah.</p> <p>Since Oct. 7, Hezbollah and Israel have been <a href="https://apnews.com/article/lebanon-israel-hezbollah-gaza-mohammed-raad-c77c0e41d529d44f7d355eb6aa79d935">engaged</a> in almost continuous skirmishing along the Lebanese-Israeli border. Pro-Iranian militias in Iraq and Syria have also <a href="https://www.dw.com/en/israel-hamas-war-what-role-do-iran-backed-militias-play/a-67199574">targeted</a> U.S. troops based in both countries, prompting the U.S. <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/13/us-carries-out-two-more-strikes-on-iran-backed-groups-in-syria">to respond</a> in kind. In this sense, the Houthis are seeking to show that their movement is doing its part to combat Israel and the U.S. in the Middle East.</p> <p>Still, the extent to which the Houthis are willing to go in expressing support for Hamas should not be over-estimated. To begin with, Iran does not seem to be interested in a regional escalation that would seriously threaten its allies or the Iranian homeland. Both Israeli and U.S. officials have said that they <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/10/politics/us-intelligence-search-evidence-iran-direct-role-hamas-attack-israel/index.html">have no proof</a> that Iran was directly involved in the Oct. 7 Hamas attack. As <a href="https://www.stimson.org/2023/decoding-irans-position-on-the-gaza-war/">explained</a> recently by analyst Shahir Shahidsaless, “Tehran is seeking to score propaganda points from the crisis without triggering a wider war.”</p> <p>As a result of the Israel-Hamas war, the U.S. Navy has <a href="https://news.usni.org/2023/10/30/uss-bataan-uss-carter-hall-will-linger-in-red-sea">beefed up its presence</a> in the Red Sea. Thus, the price of miscalculation on the part of the Houthis could be very high. Furthermore, the Biden administration is already <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/21/us-considers-redesignating-houthis-as-terror-group-following-ship-seizure">considering</a> whether to re-designate the Houthis as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO). Listing the Houthis as a FTO was one of the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/11/us/politics/trump-pompeo-houthis-yemen.html">last decisions</a> of the Trump administration while <a href="https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-donald-trump-civil-wars-yemen-d17b50e3995827838a19fb8bd09e9f64">removing</a> them from the list was one of the Biden administration’s first foreign policy moves. The <a href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/middle-east-and-north-africa/yemen/report-yemen/">well-being</a> of Yemeni civilians is certainly not the Houthis’ top priority. Even so, re-designation as a FTO would have <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-mistake-of-designating-the-houthis-as-a-foreign-terrorist-organization/">deleterious effects</a> on civilians living under Houthi rule and force the group to be even more repressive to stay in power.</p> <p>It is also important to note that, for all their ideologically charged messaging and actions, the Houthis are primarily focused on internal goals. A formal truce between the Houthis and Saudi Arabia expired in October 2022 but has largely held since then. Both the Saudis and the Houthis are <a href="https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/gulf-and-arabian-peninsula/yemen/catching-back-channel-peace-talks-yemen">interested</a> in going beyond a cease-fire and have been <a href="https://sanaacenter.org/the-yemen-review/sept-oct-2023/21236">meeting</a> regularly. At the same time, the Houthis <a href="https://sanaacenter.org/the-yemen-review/august-2023/20833">continue</a> to have their sights on the resource-rich Marib province. The capture of Marib would be a political and economic blow against pro-government forces that control the area and the anti-Houthi front more broadly.</p> <p>The Israel-Hamas war has slowed the prospects for formal diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel. Still, if the Houthis were to engage in a broader confrontation with Israel and the U.S., that could complicate if not terminate Saudi-Houthi negotiations. A regional escalation would also force the Houthis to divert attention and resources away from the Marib front. The Houthis <a href="https://www.al-monitor.com/pro/memos/will-yemens-houthis-move-marib-oil-fields-gaza-war-diverts-worlds-attention">appear</a> to be preparing a renewed assault around the city of Marib, having <a href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/2404831/middle-east">assembled</a> forces there during the last few weeks.</p> <p>The focus of the Houthis remains domestic. Given this, it is logical to expect the Houthis to calibrate their attacks against Israel and Israeli interests. Even so, in a current context of such extreme tension, with the Houthis engaging in ever more daring operations and the strong presence of the U.S. Navy in the Red Sea, the possibility of a miscalculation cannot be discounted.</p> <p><em>Marc Martorell Junyent holds an MA in Comparative and Middle East Politics and Society from Tübingen University. He is a writer and researcher whose work has appeared in Democracy for the Arab World Now (DAWN), Responsible Statecraft, The New Arab, Mondoweiss, and other publications.</em></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6c432503 e-con-full elementor-hidden-tablet e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="6c432503" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a6c1224 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="a6c1224" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7551fb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template" data-id="7551fb6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="template.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-template"> <style id="elementor-post-67106">.elementor-67106 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0rem;}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5588361{--width:100%;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3ed0eaf{--width:33%;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2b0baaf{--width:66%;}}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5588361{--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-731da07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ddff8f0 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-word-spacing );}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5588361{--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:1rem 1rem;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-351c00b{text-align:left;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-351c00b img{width:768px;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-731da07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-8d3905c-word-spacing );}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ddff8f0{text-align:left;}.elementor-66429 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ddff8f0 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-line-height );letter-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-letter-spacing );word-spacing:var( --e-global-typography-a02503e-word-spacing );}}</style> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="66429" class="elementor elementor-66429 e-loop-item e-loop-item-101599 post-101599 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized program-assignment-mena project-assignment-middle-east-perspectives product-types-commentary layout-prod-small-photo research-mena" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5588361 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5588361" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3ed0eaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3ed0eaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-351c00b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="351c00b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://www.stimson.org/2024/israel-is-trying-to-move-beyond-deterrence-with-hezbollah/"> <img width="300" height="199" src="https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Israeli_attacks_-300x199.jpeg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-101606" alt="" srcset="https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Israeli_attacks_-300x199.jpeg 300w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Israeli_attacks_-1024x680.jpeg 1024w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Israeli_attacks_-768x510.jpeg 768w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Israeli_attacks_.jpeg 1096w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b0baaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2b0baaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-731da07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="731da07" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><span>Commentary</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ddff8f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ddff8f0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/2024/israel-is-trying-to-move-beyond-deterrence-with-hezbollah/">Israel is Trying to Move Beyond Deterrence with Hezbollah</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57ee3aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-toolset-view" data-id="57ee3aa" data-element_type="widget" id="art-ath" data-widget_type="toolset-view.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a86a5a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toolset-view" data-id="a86a5a4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="toolset-view.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="font-make-sans-semibold font-make-08rem"> Mike Elliott </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="66429" class="elementor elementor-66429 e-loop-item e-loop-item-101444 post-101444 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized program-assignment-mena project-assignment-middle-east-perspectives product-types-commentary layout-prod-small-photo research-mena" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5588361 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5588361" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3ed0eaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3ed0eaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-351c00b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="351c00b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://www.stimson.org/2024/irans-dilemma-in-dealing-with-a-new-trump-administration/"> <img loading="lazy" width="300" height="188" src="https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Sayyid_Ali_Khamenei_writing-300x188.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-101447" alt="" srcset="https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Sayyid_Ali_Khamenei_writing-300x188.jpg 300w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Sayyid_Ali_Khamenei_writing-768x480.jpg 768w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Sayyid_Ali_Khamenei_writing.jpg 800w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b0baaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2b0baaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-731da07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="731da07" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><span>Commentary</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ddff8f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ddff8f0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/2024/irans-dilemma-in-dealing-with-a-new-trump-administration/">Iran’s Dilemma in Dealing With A New Trump Administration</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57ee3aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-toolset-view" data-id="57ee3aa" data-element_type="widget" id="art-ath" data-widget_type="toolset-view.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a86a5a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toolset-view" data-id="a86a5a4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="toolset-view.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="font-make-sans-semibold font-make-08rem"> Mohammad Mazhari </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="66429" class="elementor elementor-66429 e-loop-item e-loop-item-101352 post-101352 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized program-assignment-mena project-assignment-middle-east-perspectives product-types-commentary layout-prod-small-photo research-mena" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5588361 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5588361" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3ed0eaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3ed0eaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-351c00b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="351c00b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://www.stimson.org/2024/what-trump-2-0-could-mean-for-the-gulf-cooperation-council/"> <img loading="lazy" width="300" height="200" src="https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/34031493273_59dde64b1a_o-300x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-101358" alt="" srcset="https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/34031493273_59dde64b1a_o-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/34031493273_59dde64b1a_o-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/34031493273_59dde64b1a_o-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/34031493273_59dde64b1a_o.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b0baaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2b0baaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-731da07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="731da07" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><span>Commentary</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ddff8f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ddff8f0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://www.stimson.org/2024/what-trump-2-0-could-mean-for-the-gulf-cooperation-council/">What Trump 2.0 Could Mean for the Gulf Cooperation Council</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57ee3aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-toolset-view" data-id="57ee3aa" data-element_type="widget" id="art-ath" data-widget_type="toolset-view.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a86a5a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toolset-view" data-id="a86a5a4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="toolset-view.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="font-make-sans-semibold font-make-08rem"> Giorgio Cafiero </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31373f7f e-con-full elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="31373f7f" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-elementor-type="footer" data-elementor-id="71344" class="elementor elementor-71344 elementor-location-footer" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9b1e780 noprint e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="9b1e780" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c32b8bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c32b8bd" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ad7dc85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" 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