CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5NJQXRQ');</script>  <meta charset="utf-8" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-MBC0436JG8"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "G-MBC0436JG8", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location","allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});</script> <meta name="description" content="Explore over 241+ articles and posts labeled with World War II on American Heritage, the esteemed and authoritative magazine on American history that has been a trusted source since 1949." /> <meta name="abstract" content="American History Lives Here! American Heritage, the trusted and definitive magazine on American History since 1949, now offers its entire archive online free." /> <meta name="keywords" content="american history, u.s., united states, history, heritage, American Heritage, American Heritage Magazine" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.americanheritage.com/category/article-keywords/world-war-ii" /> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow" /> <meta name="rights" content="© 1949-2019 American Heritage. All Rights Reserved." /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <script type='text/javascript'> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; // Add a place to store the slot name variable. googletag.slots = googletag.slots || {}; (function() { var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; var src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js'; var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; gads.src = src; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.slots["openads_zone_block_zone_8_300x250"] = googletag.defineSlot("/21706820001/", [300, 250], "js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_8_300x250") .addService(googletag.pubads()) ; }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.slots["openads_zone_block_zone_5_300x250"] = googletag.defineSlot("/21706820001/", [300, 250], "js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_5_300x250") .addService(googletag.pubads()) ; }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.slots["openads_zone_block_zone_1_300x250"] = googletag.defineSlot("/21706820001/", [300, 250], "js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_1_300x250") .addService(googletag.pubads()) ; }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.slots["openads_zone_lock_leaderboard_728x90"] = googletag.defineSlot("/21706820001/", [728, 90], "js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_lock_leaderboard_728x90") .addService(googletag.pubads()) ; }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().enableAsyncRendering(); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <link rel="icon" href="/sites/default/files/favicon_0.png" type="image/png" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="World War II" href="https://www.americanheritage.com/taxonomy/term/29997/feed" /> <link rel="next" href="https://www.americanheritage.com/category/article-keywords/world-war-ii?page=1" /> <title>World War II (241+ Stories and Posts)</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_je8K1Bg7qxca0bSKzHBB7sa0HhYROEwvpuFcFHqVcGU.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_mYha89KdVJpX_j8WWBbi9izctTM7zxWPmYyjpb5VGbM.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_UnpPuXe84d5K0lr007iAN0Ymns2dUtXSlMTuZUhHijc.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/journaleight/css/components/messages.min.css?sieael" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_4gg9Q9G7lRNmmdrymdfc5cjAaE6shmRErocgOReyT-w.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.6.1/css/font-awesome.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_FTfS_bqleUqpaU_7OYLFoP2XP0m793ukhKYF-nSJu0s.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_h5UVdlT8u4aBDI3tH5A55uuCXFwaySilt6Y7hGazn2g.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_eqjbgaU50AHtoE26A9F6o6_pLQ8eohqypX66GmYzn0g.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto+Slab:400,300,700&subset=latin-ext,latin,greek" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald:400,300,700&subset=latin,latin-ext" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/journaleight/css/theme/color-light-indigo.min.css?sieael" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_AbpHGcgLb-kRsJGnwFEktk7uzpZOCcBY74-YBdrKVGs.css" /> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({ google_ad_client: "ca-pub-8234620345074416", enable_page_level_ads: true }); </script>  <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '455462789272959'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=455462789272959&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /></noscript>  </head> <body class="layout-one-sidebar layout-sidebar-second hff-10 navff-17 pff-10 sff-10 slff-10 wide white-content-background">  <noscript><iframe src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5NJQXRQ height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div id="page-container"> <header class="headers-wrapper"> <div id="pre-header" class="clearfix colored-area colored-area__light-indigo"> <div id="pre-header-inside" class="container clearfix"> <div class="row"> <div id="pre-header-first" class="col-md-12 pre-header-area clearfix"> <div class="region region-pre-header-first"> <div id="block-dfptagopenads-zone-lock-leaderboard-728x90" class="block block-dfp block-dfp-ad05778992-6b12-43f0-ba22-fc9dbb8e241f"> <div class="content"> <div id="js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_lock_leaderboard_728x90"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_lock_leaderboard_728x90'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="header" role="banner" class="clearfix"> <div id="header-inside" class="container clearfix"> <div class="row"> <div id="header-fisrt" class="col-md-6 header-area clearfix"> <div class="clearfix region region-header"> <div id="block-sitebranding" class="clearfix site-branding block block-system block-system-branding-block"> <div class="logo-and-site-name-wrapper clearfix"> <div class="logo"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home" class="site-branding__logo"> <img src="/sites/default/files/AH%20LOGO%202%20line%20transparent%20%281%29-1.png" alt="Home" /> </a> </div> <div class="site-slogan site-branding__slogan">Trusted Writing on History, Travel, and American Culture Since 1949</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="header-second" class="col-md-4 header-area clearfix"> <div class="region region-header-second"> <div class="search-block-form block block-search container-inline" data-drupal-selector="search-block-form" id="block-searchform" role="search"> <h2 class="block__title title">SEARCH OUR ARCHIVES!</h2> <div class="content container-inline"> <form action="/search/node" method="get" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="search-form search-block-form"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-type-search js-form-item-keys form-item-keys form-no-label"> <label for="edit-keys" class="visually-hidden">Search</label> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." placeholder="Enter keywords to search..." data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" type="search" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-search" /> </div> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input class="search-form__submit button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" value="Search" /> </div> <span class="search-form-under-text"><a href="/search/node?advanced-form-open=1">Advanced Search</a></span> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="header-third" class="col-md-2 header-area clearfix"> <div class="region region-header-third"> <div id="block-ahsocialicons" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentbe2fcc9c-de75-4ca2-9fcf-aaf9d86f0f75"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul class="icons-list"><li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="https://www.facebook.com/ameriheritage/"><faicon class="fa fa-facebook"></faicon><span class="sr-only">Facebook</span></a></li> <li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="https://twitter.com/AmeriHeritage"><faicon class="fa fa-twitter"></faicon><span class="sr-only">Twitter</span></a></li> <li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="/rss.xml"><faicon class="fa fa-rss"></faicon><span class="sr-only">RSS</span></a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="navigation"> <div class="site-name site-name__header"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home">AMERICAN HERITAGE</a> </div> <div id="navigation-inside" class="container-fluid clearfix"> <div class="row"> <div id="main-navigation" class="col-md-12 navigation-area clearfix"> <nav> <div class="region region-navigation"> <div id="block-mainnavigation" class="block block-superfish block-superfishmain"> <div class="content"> <ul id="superfish-main" class="menu sf-menu sf-main sf-navbar sf-style-none"> <li id="main-menu-link-content14138a1b-98b7-4ba3-b2fc-bec1af436f73" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Home</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-contente455a8af-760b-4c6e-966b-83335d309d75" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/antebellum-period" class="sf-depth-2">Antebellum</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content935d90c6-0f3d-4842-8d68-22eba607afde" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/civil-war" class="sf-depth-2">Civil War</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content0a213b68-5735-4083-9403-30fa2f9faaa8" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/colonial-north-america" class="sf-depth-2">Colonial</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contenta1155838-289c-4147-b4a8-7cf8ffff7527" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/great-depression" class="sf-depth-2">Depression & FDR</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentd4ce289c-1904-4c64-a206-888ec47fbed1" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/early-republic" class="sf-depth-2">Early Republic & 1812</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contente786c4b6-308d-480a-9196-ea3f66c95927" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/gilded-age" class="sf-depth-2">Gilded Age & Industry</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentc029e2b1-bc80-4a48-878a-ab888c1fceed" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/reconstruction" class="sf-depth-2">Reconstruction</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content3f8a7b6f-ae8b-43d6-b553-650ca85ef85c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/american-revolution" class="sf-depth-2">Revolution</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content0f90d5bf-df95-4652-9e91-ed9065c7e372" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/world-war-i" class="sf-depth-2">WWI</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content7b949e08-6f6b-4049-b786-24795c6a613e" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/world-war-ii" class="sf-depth-2">WWII</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content3493b3b7-026e-4027-a7f0-3d88a6b86bd7" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/topics/cold-war" class="sf-depth-2">Cold War</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content8bf4578a-c4af-4b64-abd7-a48fbe31c53c" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/magazine/archive" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Magazine</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-contenta08b21f7-0e6a-44bd-adea-7e2b8467a4fb" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="https://www.americanheritage.com/content/novemberdecember-2024" class="sf-depth-2 sf-external">Current Issue</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentfcb411a4-5d91-4207-8481-b4ff87a434c7" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/magazine/archive" class="sf-depth-2">Archive (1949-2023)</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content98c88856-a4ee-4f40-9375-e0e22ec12cf8" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/featured-stories" class="sf-depth-2">Featured</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentf8ee9e64-5754-47f8-8c17-bf2b1c176bf9" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/volume/2024/year" class="sf-depth-2">2024</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentbe5a26f3-7625-4b7c-be25-77a4919c5a5d" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/volume/2023/year" class="sf-depth-2">2023</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content3c67d970-d90f-485e-8550-f23c20edf668" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/volume/2022/year" class="sf-depth-2">2022</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentd842ed5b-08d5-48fd-bf5d-4917277b3703" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/volume/2021/year" class="sf-depth-2">2021</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content45bd4c3c-8e66-48cb-a4d3-90cfd34ee29c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/winter-2010" class="sf-depth-2">60th Anniv</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content4c64b1c1-f6fb-4fbe-ab08-512a5b21bfa9" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/category/article-keywords/my-brush-history" title="My Brush with History essays are among the most popular writing in the magazine" class="sf-depth-2">My Brush With History</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentd05c8180-d95e-47b1-a013-030258e96a47" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/node/133473" class="sf-depth-2">Editorial Staff</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content2441ef5a-44b6-4f8a-85d1-d0bf6c18a87b" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Books</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-contentb81a3308-2558-49a7-bc40-e07f0bb04583" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36279&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">American History</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content8106c8ea-0682-4b56-b16a-ab0b18a51460" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36289&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">Civil War</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentdf6cc52a-b97b-40bc-80e9-212f88f25ec0" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36287&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">Culture</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentfb1fb646-7c24-4fb4-9506-011ffd5c6bae" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36283&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">European History</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content34b3d3c2-f18b-472c-ad51-93a2143f987b" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36288&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">Exploration</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentef9dea45-c9e5-4dad-a3af-c7b03d50b1f4" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36330&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">Maritime</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content1887d9d3-89b5-4878-8a79-72605057ccee" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36328&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">Old West</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content3d7db4ee-09e6-475a-a366-27e06ac67c1c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/books-from-american-heritage?field_format_value=All&field_subject_area_target_id=36285&sort_by=field_authors_target_id&sort_order=ASC" class="sf-depth-2">World War II</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content9a4146c4-15a6-4681-ba0e-7f58a9661219" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/contributors-user-list" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">AUTHORS</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-content9b228c81-910d-437e-8160-79c957326458" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/contributors-user-list" class="sf-depth-2">All Contributors</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content4112f505-0333-4346-b6e7-4a6365d71131" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/wallace-stegner" class="sf-depth-2">Stegner</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentd61328b0-a792-4cf9-afa3-0fa7484bf118" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/stephen-e-ambrose" class="sf-depth-2">Ambrose</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content71f8ccaf-4bcb-48b6-8fe2-baf125a94ed3" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/bruce-catton" class="sf-depth-2">Catton</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contenta6a8cab2-b3b0-405c-9eda-0aac04d7f28a" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/henry-steele-commager" class="sf-depth-2">Commager</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content944c0ec4-453b-48bb-aba7-bfc73af63266" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/joseph-j-ellis" class="sf-depth-2">Ellis</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content8ef45b6e-55b6-4419-95de-fd5961e1bc98" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/james-thomas-flexner" class="sf-depth-2">Flexner</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contente3e62b24-4d7a-4ba4-a042-34d852b300ae" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/john-lukacs" class="sf-depth-2">Lukacs</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content446291f0-6bc8-4777-b3db-b34d796c59a8" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/david-mccullough" class="sf-depth-2">McCullough</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentda32d3ab-e7ac-44fe-9a06-cc6154e14a3e" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/james-m-mcpherson" class="sf-depth-2">McPherson</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentebe98fed-99b3-4bc8-bd41-20c1350e848e" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/arthur-schlesinger-jr" class="sf-depth-2">Schlesinger</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentc332000d-0bde-4167-ac41-4f9685692c69" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/barbara-w-tuchman" class="sf-depth-2">Tuchman</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content1277295d-a787-47b4-a337-3c5a341c83e4" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/users/geoffrey-c-ward" class="sf-depth-2">Ward</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content1c059df6-969d-49c0-990d-b8ffe4328cf1" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/historic-themes" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Historic Sites</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-contentdad1da00-9f60-45ca-98f4-9de115c6625c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_theme_nid=19147" class="sf-depth-2"> Battlefields</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentfe150eab-104b-4377-ae33-f77ef5ab8106" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_type_nid=19186" class="sf-depth-2"> Forts & Military</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contente69c9586-2f4d-4259-a141-8fb44115f0f8" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_theme_nid=19196" class="sf-depth-2">Air And Space</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content9feb3913-02d3-41f6-96eb-5f013d5a9293" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_type_nid=19184" class="sf-depth-2">Churches</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentf38a8ae0-90be-4961-b6a5-c944f8860550" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_theme_nid=19214" class="sf-depth-2">Civil Rights</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content059f19d5-8ea2-4c22-848d-ab82ad1a1419" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_theme_nid=19151" class="sf-depth-2">Confederacy</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content7d185761-33f8-466b-abc6-a8b65023e7cf" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_theme_nid=19163" class="sf-depth-2">Native Americans</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentca17ed0d-22fc-44f3-9b7a-a6cfe9965016" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_type_nid=19202" class="sf-depth-2">Navy Ships</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentc8c79d0c-23c7-492c-8e74-c998caf9f544" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_theme_nid=19165" class="sf-depth-2">Pioneer & Rural Life</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content5dfb10af-3c79-47f2-b218-76d875ed19c1" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_type_nid=19193" class="sf-depth-2">Presidential</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contenta35b3b19-43d2-472e-857f-b08d90edc919" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/historic-sites?field_type_nid=19195" class="sf-depth-2">Trails</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content731cdca1-3687-41bd-8aaa-c9111e0a1f36" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/content/american-heritage-traveler" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">TRAVEL</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-content22b848a4-96f7-4bd2-a095-07f9f61c7d5b" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/guide-historic-sites-florida" class="sf-depth-2">Florida</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contenta60c1bc1-6b85-42be-96ae-8d676f6e98cf" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/colorado-americas-heart-gold" class="sf-depth-2">Colorado</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content7383ee13-722d-4148-b7e3-a3cd7e698b68" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/kentucky" class="sf-depth-2">Kentucky</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content1a4fd128-0a87-4855-80ca-57f9b9908bea" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/new-yorks-hudson-river-lake-champlain-region" class="sf-depth-2">New York</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content052fe36b-932d-42fe-84a3-d95e31bd8292" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/guide-historic-sites-north-carolina" class="sf-depth-2">North Carolina</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content1a0e351a-0d0e-430f-b51f-a28775192a6b" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/pony-express" class="sf-depth-2">Pony Express</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content3b7ad8ac-d73f-4f5d-b2ae-ea2f054f9a59" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/guide-historic-sites-texas" class="sf-depth-2">Texas</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content18c4e903-7e87-4e0f-8b67-1bd3c9446f4f" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/travel/virginia" class="sf-depth-2">Virginia</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content2ae5c75c-ab27-4200-a4fe-2d2afc04dbd9" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/guide-historic-sites-west-virginia" class="sf-depth-2">West Virginia</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentd90995ab-2131-4e51-ac11-7700dadb0b83" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/sites/default/files/heritage-traveler/downloads/united-states-colored-troops-civil-war-guide.pdf" class="sf-depth-2">USCT Patriots </a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content20abeee2-76cb-432e-b0bd-df1e9e8479c1" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/sites/default/files/travel/MD/MD.pdf" class="sf-depth-2">Maryland</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content994c9d32-43cf-4c94-9ee1-1f38d5ea9204" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/content/travel-jones-beach-and-how-they-dreamed-it" class="sf-depth-2">Travel Blogs</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content6b370809-354b-4e23-b03f-a4a2d3e37a3d" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/search/node?keys=food" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">FOOD</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-content60f07012-3d8b-4129-b253-f7eb5eb26925" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/dinners" class="sf-depth-2">Dinners</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentc771600e-e74e-46eb-8d72-86ac46f32ab4" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/recipes" class="sf-depth-2">Recipes</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentfc30c131-39b7-464d-ab99-16c374abbe1d" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/about/company" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">ABOUT</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-content0fc56719-3142-4815-8ecc-a427537b973c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/magazine" class="sf-depth-2">About the Magazine</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content495f0a03-a30d-4134-ab2f-22c3858c177e" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="https://www.americanheritage.com/node/133841" class="sf-depth-2 sf-external">About the Society</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content56580e75-0346-4949-a62a-93a1c9415ab9" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/company" class="sf-depth-2">Mission/History</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentfccb2715-aaff-4425-9c87-d4c424ffde9d" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/press-releases" title="News about American Heritage" class="sf-depth-2">News about Us</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-contente2934b0a-ba4f-48d7-9f90-8ed3f00e557a" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/company/management-team" class="sf-depth-2">Management</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content0d89a9d5-5538-47c7-b68c-9338dad28c90" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/advertising/media-kit" class="sf-depth-2">Advertising</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content0ac3938d-f98c-4376-b75b-94f6400d26fb" class="sf-depth-2 menuparent"><a href="/jobs" class="sf-depth-2 menuparent">Jobs</a><ul><li id="main-menu-link-contentec42dabf-f124-41c0-92d9-4868413b6fd5" class="sf-depth-3 sf-no-children"><a href="/node/133503" class="sf-depth-3">Summer Interns</a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content284d460f-1906-47cc-9e73-323e345aac3c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/magazine/permissions-and-rights" class="sf-depth-2">Permissions</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content20110f9a-6801-4fed-a39d-c2c5ec6709be" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/contact" class="sf-depth-2">Contact</a></li><li id="main-menu-link-content53383f2c-b607-4fcb-ae06-551f60b28fc7" class="sf-depth-2 menuparent"><a href="/privacy-policy" class="sf-depth-2 menuparent">Privacy Policy</a><ul></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-contentfb1d93f8-da21-4d79-921c-311fb619d2d4" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/node/133385" title="About Invention & Technology" class="sf-depth-2">Invention & Technology </a></li></ul></li><li id="main-menu-link-content0bf272cc-47ee-4e22-ac7a-2fd9eabffb1f" class="sf-depth-1 sf-no-children"><a href="/node/133386" class="sf-depth-1">Subscribe/Support</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="page" class="page clearfix"> <div class="container"> <div id="page-inside"> <div id="top-content"> <div id="top-content-inside" class="clearfix " > <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="region region-top-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main-content"> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-8"> <div id="main" class="clearfix " > <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-journaleight-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <div class="content"> <nav class="breadcrumb" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> <span class="breadcrumb-separator">/</span> </li> <li> World War II </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="block-journaleight-page-title" class="block block-core block-page-title-block"> <div class="content"> <h1 class="title page-title">World War II</h1> </div> </div> <div id="block-journaleight-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <div class="content"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-taxonomy-term view-id-taxonomy_term view-display-id-page_1 js-view-dom-id-579c0d4f765d8a9832913ba339c08b89dd720abd82426726c1daf5fde09f689c"> <div class="view-header"> <div about="/category/article-keywords/world-war-ii" id="taxonomy-term-29997" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-article-keywords"> <div class="content"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content"> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/my-memories-winston-churchill" hreflang="en">My Memories of Winston Churchill</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/john-d-eisenhower" hreflang="en">John D. Eisenhower</a> | <a href="/content/summer-2017" hreflang="en">Summer 2017</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Ike’s son, historian John Eisenhower, recalls attending meetings with the British wartime leader and reflects on his character and accomplishments.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/fdrs-war-words-lindbergh" hreflang="en">FDR’s War of Words with Lindbergh</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/paul-sparrow" hreflang="en">Paul Sparrow</a> | <a href="/content/fall-2024-0" hreflang="en">Fall 2024</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Charles Lindbergh and the isolationists of American First opposed Lend Lease and Roosevelt’s attempts to prepare for possible war in Europe.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor’s Note: Paul M. Sparrow is the former Director of the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/martha-gellhorn-gets-her-story-d-day" hreflang="en">Martha Gellhorn Gets Her Story on D-Day</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/marc-lancaster" hreflang="en">Marc Lancaster</a> | <a href="/content/summer-2024-0" hreflang="en">Summer 2024</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The famous journalist was arrested for stowing away on a hospital ship to cover the action on Normandy, writing a more compelling article than did her husband, Ernest Hemingway.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/honoring-incredible-sacrifice-sullivan-family" hreflang="en">Honoring the Incredible Sacrifice of the Sullivan Family</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/edwin-s-grosvenor" hreflang="en">Edwin S. Grosvenor</a> | <a href="/content/winter-2024-0" hreflang="en">Winter 2024</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>One of the great tragedies of World War II, when five brothers were lost on the same ship, is remembered at two museums.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/secret-plans-invade-japan" hreflang="en">The Secret Plans to Invade Japan</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/david-dean-barrett" hreflang="en">David Dean Barrett</a> | <a href="/content/august-2023" hreflang="en">August 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>U.S. military leaders drew up elaborate plans to invade Japan, with estimates of American casualties ranging as high as two to four million, given the terrible losses at Iwo Jima and Okinawa.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/struggling-end-war" hreflang="en">Struggling to End the War</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/richard-overy" hreflang="en">Richard Overy</a> | <a href="/content/august-2023" hreflang="en">August 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>As defeat became inevitable in the summer of 1945, Japan's government and the Allies could not agree on surrender terms, especially regarding the future of Emperor Hirohito and his throne. </p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/ernie-pyle-digs-anzio" hreflang="en">Ernie Pyle Digs in at Anzio</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/david-chrisinger" hreflang="en">David Chrisinger</a> | <a href="/content/summer-2023-0" hreflang="en">Summer 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Nearly killed by a German bomb, Pyle faced the fear and frustration known as “Anzio anxiety” among the American soldiers trapped with him on the beach.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/oldest-marine-recruit" hreflang="en">The Oldest Marine Recruit</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/shane-manson" hreflang="en">Shane Manson</a> | <a href="/content/spring-2023" hreflang="en">Spring 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Paul Douglas was 50 years old when he left a career in politics to join the Marines at the outset of World War II, earning Purple Hearts at Peleliu and Okinawa.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Then 50, future U.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/counting-all-dead" hreflang="en">Counting All The Dead</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/richard-b-frank" hreflang="en">Richard B. Frank</a> | <a href="/content/august-2023" hreflang="en">August 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>When judging the morality of the use of atomic weapons in World War II, observers typically focus on Japanese deaths, while ignoring the far-larger number of non-Japanese casualties.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/cities-reduced-ashes" hreflang="en">Cities Reduced to Ashes</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/david-dean-barrett" hreflang="en">David Dean Barrett</a> | <a href="/content/august-2023" hreflang="en">August 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>In the spring of 1945, American bombing raids destroyed much of Tokyo and dozens of other Japanese cities, killing at least 200,000 people, without forcing a surrender.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor’s Note: David Dean Barrett is a military historian, specializing in World War II.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/john-hersey-uncovers-horror" hreflang="en">John Hersey Uncovers the Horror</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/lesley-mm-blume" hreflang="en">Lesley M.M. Blume</a> | <a href="/content/august-2023" hreflang="en">August 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The U.S. government managed to hide the magnitude of what happened in Hiroshima until John Hersey’s story appeared in the New Yorker, driving home the truth about America’s new mega-weapon.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: Lesley M.M.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/first-shots-pacific-war" hreflang="en">First Shots in the Pacific War</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/keith-fitzgerald" hreflang="en">Keith Fitzgerald</a> | <a href="/content/winter-2023" hreflang="en">Winter 2023</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Eighty minutes before Pearl Harbor, Japanese troops stormed ashore at Kota Bharu in Malaysia and fired the first shots of World War II in Asia.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/fdr-unites-america-war" hreflang="en">FDR Unites America for War</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/peter-shinkle" hreflang="en">Peter Shinkle</a> | <a href="/content/novemberdecember-2022-0" hreflang="en">November/December 2022</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Adding Republicans to key positions in his administration, Franklin Roosevelt created a unified effort to fight World War II.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/bob-dole-and-nazis-brutal-last-stand-italy" hreflang="en">Bob Dole and the Nazis’ Brutal Last Stand in Italy</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/edwin-s-grosvenor" hreflang="en">Edwin S. Grosvenor</a> | <a href="/content/summer-2022" hreflang="en">Summer 2022</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Allied soldiers struggled for months to clear veteran German troops dug into the mountains of northern Italy in late 1944 and early 1945.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/dr-joyce-brothers-beats-system" hreflang="en">Dr. Joyce Brothers Beats the System</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/jm-fenster" hreflang="en">J.M. Fenster</a> | <a href="/content/septemberoctober-2021" hreflang="en">September/October 2021</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>An enormous scandal erupted when it was discovered that contestants on TV quiz shows were often given answers. Did the famed psychologist also cheat when she won The $64,000 Question?</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/catcher-rye-d-day" hreflang="en">“Catcher in the Rye” on D-Day</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/bruce-watson" hreflang="en">Bruce Watson</a> | <a href="/content/june-2021" hreflang="en">June 2021</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>J.D. Salinger carried a draft of his subsequently classic novel with him when he landed on the beach at Normandy.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">I don't think I could stand it if I had to go to war. It wouldn't be so bad if they'd just take you out and shoot you, but you have to stay in the army so goddamn long.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/kamikazes-shock-allies" hreflang="en">Kamikazes Shock the Allies</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/james-p-duffy" hreflang="en">James P. Duffy</a> | <a href="/content/summer-2021" hreflang="en">Summer 2021</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The “divine wind” began in October 1944 as the Japanese defended against MacArthur’s assault on the Philippines. The Americans who witnessed these first attacks were horrified and shaken, but it was only the beginning.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: James P. Duffy, the author of over a dozen books mostly on military history, wrote “No One Returns Alive“ in our Fall 2017 issue about the critical but often-overlooked New Guinea campaign.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/revenge-nevada" hreflang="en">Revenge of the Nevada</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/ed-offley" hreflang="en">Ed Offley</a> | <a href="/content/june-2021" hreflang="en">June 2021</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The recent discovery of the hull of the battleship Nevada recalls her dramatic action at Pearl Harbor and ultimate revenge on D-Day as the first ship to fire on the Nazis.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: Don't miss the first half of this essay, Two Hours in Hell at Pearl Harbor. Author Ed Offley, after serving in the Navy during Vietnam, </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/escape-warsaw-ghetto" hreflang="en">Escape from the Warsaw Ghetto</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/judy-batalion" hreflang="en">Judy Batalion</a> | <a href="/content/june-2021" hreflang="en">June 2021</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Vladka Meed joined the Jewish resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto, eventually escaped, and helped hundreds of children survive Nazi roundups. </p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor’s Note: William Morrow has just published Judy Batalion’s extraordinary new book, </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/no-one-returns-alive" hreflang="en">“No One Returns Alive”</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/james-p-duffy" hreflang="en">James P. Duffy</a> | <a href="/content/fall-2017" hreflang="en">Fall 2017</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Too often overlooked today, the New Guinea campaign was the longest of the Pacific War, with 340,000 Americans fighting more than half a million Japanese.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Jim Duffy is author of the recent book, War at the End</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/london-murrow-during-blitz" hreflang="en">"This Is London": Murrow During the Blitz</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/bob-edwards" hreflang="en">Bob Edwards</a> | <a href="/content/november-2020" hreflang="en">November 2020</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Edward R. Murrow’s radio broadcasts from London, aired live while Nazi bombs fell around him, are classics of journalism – and literature. </p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: Bob Edwards is a Peabody Award-winning journalist formerly with NPR and Sirius/XM Radio. He is author of Edward R.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/comrade-arms" hreflang="en">Comrade in Arms</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/viscount-montgomery-alamein" hreflang="en">Viscount Montgomery of Alamein</a> | </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The senior British general in the invasion of Europe recalls his friendship with Ike during their service together. </p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Viscount Montgomery of Alamein commanded the British Eighth Army in North Africa in 1942 and led Allied land forces in the invasion of Europe. He served with Eisenhower until the end of the war and again in 1951 as Eisenhower's Deputy Supreme Commander at SHAPE.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/my-room-mate-dwight-eisenhower-0" hreflang="en">“My Room Mate… Is Dwight Eisenhower…”</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/edward-m-coffman" hreflang="en">Edward M. Coffman</a> | </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>"The four years we spent together are still one of my most treasured memories.”</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Paul A.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/serving-ike" hreflang="en">Serving with Ike</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/gen-omar-n-bradley" hreflang="en">Gen. Omar N. Bradley</a> | </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs and classmate of Eisenhower's recalls his years with Ike.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: In a conversation with the editors of American Heritage recapitulated here, General Omar N. Bradley spoke about the years of his closest association with Eisenhower, from 1943 through 1945.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/heartbreak-heart-mountain" hreflang="en">Heartbreak at Heart Mountain</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/tom-brokaw" hreflang="en">Tom Brokaw</a> | <a href="/content/october-2020" hreflang="en">October 2020</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The thousands of Japanese-Americans interned in Wyoming during World War II maintained their dignity and community spirit.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: Tom Brokaw was the anchor and managing editor of NBC Nightly News for 22 years.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/marshalls-secret-preparations-war" hreflang="en">Marshall's Secret Preparations for War</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/paul-dickson" hreflang="en">Paul Dickson</a> | <a href="/content/september-2020" hreflang="en">September 2020</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>When Germany unleashed its blitzkreig in 1939, the U.S. Army was only the 17th largest in the world. FDR and George Marshall had to build a fighting force able to take on the Nazis, against the wishes of many in Congress.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor’s Note: People can accomplish amazing things when roused to action by strong leadership.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/how-ike-led" hreflang="en">How Ike Led</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/susan-eisenhower" hreflang="en">Susan Eisenhower</a> | </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>We can learn much from how Dwight Eisenhower organized and led three million men in the assault on Nazi Europe, and then governed the nation for eight years as a moderate conservative.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Ike was not a leader in the way we customarily “teach” leadership in our country. He was a strategic rather than an operational one.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/two-hours-hell-pearl-harbor" hreflang="en">Two Hours in Hell at Pearl Harbor</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/ed-offley" hreflang="en">Ed Offley</a> | <a href="/content/winter-2021" hreflang="en">Winter 2021</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The USS Nevada was the only battleship to get underway during the attack at Pearl Harbor. The recent discovery of the ship's hull has revived interest in her dramatic story.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">Editor's Note: After serving in the Navy during the Vietnam War, Ed Offley reported on naval issues for three decades for The Ledger-Star in Norfolk and The Seattle Post-Intelligencer, and was Editor-in-Chief of Stars & Stripes.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/remembering-ernie-pyle" hreflang="en">Remembering Ernie Pyle</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/gil-klein" hreflang="en">Gil Klein</a> | <a href="/content/spring-2020" hreflang="en">Spring 2020</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>The great war correspondent, who died 75 years ago during the battle of Okinawa, had a knack for connecting with everyday people, both on the front lines and at home.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content"></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> <div class="article-keyword-results-row views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><div class="field-content Taxonomy-Term-Node-title"><a href="/papa-hemingway-liberates-paris" hreflang="en">Papa Hemingway Liberates Paris</a></div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"> <a href="/users/george-goss" hreflang="en">George Goss</a> | <a href="/content/september-2019" hreflang="en">September/October 2019</a> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-deck"><div class="field-content"><p>Seventy-five years ago, Ernest Hemingway and a historian were among the first Americans to enter Paris as guns were still firing.</p> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing-1"><span class="field-content">With the 75th Anniversary of the liberation of Paris this month, we did a search through the digital archives of American Heritage to see what we had published previously on this momentous event.</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body"><div class="field-content"></div></div></div> </div> <nav class="pager" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="pagination-heading"> <h4 id="pagination-heading" class="visually-hidden">Pagination</h4> <ul class="pager__items js-pager__items"> <li class="pager__item is-active"> <a href="?page=0" title="Current page"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Current page </span>1</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=1" title="Go to page 2"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>2</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=2" title="Go to page 3"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>3</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=3" title="Go to page 4"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>4</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=4" title="Go to page 5"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>5</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=5" title="Go to page 6"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>6</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=6" title="Go to page 7"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>7</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=7" title="Go to page 8"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>8</a> </li> <li class="pager__item"> <a href="?page=8" title="Go to page 9"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Page </span>9</a> </li> <li class="pager__item pager__item--next"> <a href="?page=1" title="Go to next page" rel="next"> <span class="visually-hidden">Next page</span> <span aria-hidden="true">››</span> </a> </li> <li class="pager__item pager__item--last"> <a href="?page=8" title="Go to last page"> <span class="visually-hidden">Last page</span> <span aria-hidden="true">Last »</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="feed-icons"> <a href="https://www.americanheritage.com/taxonomy/term/29997/feed" class="feed-icon"> Subscribe to World War II </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockarticles-by-tags-cloud-block-1" id="block-views-block-articles-by-tags-cloud-block-1"> <h2 class="block__title title">ARTICLES ON POPULAR SUBJECTS</h2> <div class="content"> <div><div class="view view-articles-by-tags-cloud view-id-articles_by_tags_cloud view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-c49147b4212f8d82d2392078550a17886d98f511e8a827766daf1d131a975942"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/world-war-ii" hreflang="en">World War II</a> (1, 511)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/george-washington" hreflang="en">George Washington</a> (991)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/civil-war" hreflang="en">Civil War</a> (908)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/literature" hreflang="en">Literature</a> (866)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/new-york" hreflang="en">New York</a> (863)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/abraham-lincoln" hreflang="en">Abraham Lincoln</a> (787)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/art-culture" hreflang="en">Art & Culture</a> (771)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/franklin-roosevelt" hreflang="en">Franklin Roosevelt</a> (736)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/thomas-jefferson" hreflang="en">Thomas Jefferson</a> (703)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/american-revolution" hreflang="en">American Revolution</a> (593)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/journalism" hreflang="en">Journalism</a> (567)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/theodore-roosevelt" hreflang="en">Theodore Roosevelt</a> (480)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/john-adams" hreflang="en">John Adams</a> (455)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/world-war-i" hreflang="en">World War I</a> (445)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/us-army" hreflang="en">U.S. Army</a> (433)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/cold-war" hreflang="en">Cold War</a> (414)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/african-american-history" hreflang="en">African-American History</a> (412)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/personal-history" hreflang="en">Personal history</a> (410)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/new-york-city" hreflang="en">New York City</a> (404)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/andrew-jackson" hreflang="en">Andrew Jackson</a> (395)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/john-f-kennedy" hreflang="en">John F. Kennedy</a> (394)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/us-navy" hreflang="en">U.S. Navy</a> (387)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/native-americans" hreflang="en">Native Americans</a> (381)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/artists" hreflang="en">Artists</a> (377)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/vietnam-war" hreflang="en">Vietnam War</a> (372)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/congress-us" hreflang="en">Congress (U.S.)</a> (371)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/revolutionary-war" hreflang="en">Revolutionary War</a> (359)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/business-finance" hreflang="en">Business & Finance</a> (358)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/woodrow-wilson" hreflang="en">Woodrow Wilson</a> (356)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/california" hreflang="en">California</a> (347)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/dwight-d-eisenhower" hreflang="en">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (347)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/photography" hreflang="en">Photography</a> (341)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/washington-dc-0" hreflang="en">Washington DC</a> (341)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/alexander-hamilton" hreflang="en">Alexander Hamilton</a> (339)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/harry-s-truman" hreflang="en">Harry S. Truman</a> (324)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/music" hreflang="en">Music</a> (323)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/architecture" hreflang="en">Architecture</a> (322)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/boston-ma" hreflang="en">Boston (MA)</a> (313)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/massachusetts" hreflang="en">Massachusetts</a> (312)</div> <div class="views-row"><a href="/category/article-keywords/virginia" hreflang="en">Virginia</a> (311)</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-donationbox" class="block block-block-content block-block-content548955bb-7b30-49a2-aab2-b965c882f5aa"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="widget widget_text widget-content-bottom" id="text-4"> <h4 class="widgettitle">Enjoy our work? Help us keep going.</h4> <div class="textwidget"> <p>Now in its 75th year, <em>American Heritage</em> relies on contributions from readers like you to survive. You can support this magazine of trusted historical writing and the volunteers that sustain it by donating today.</p> <p><a class="btn btn--red" href="https://www.nationalhistorical.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=1">Donate</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockfeatured-authors-block-1" id="block-views-block-featured-authors-block-1"> <h2 class="block__title title">Featured Authors</h2> <div class="content"> <div><div class="view view-featured-authors view-id-featured_authors view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-105db9802c596cbcaaee474dce49a07ea98ccfcd1726d43c89c500b34fc327c0"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><div class="featured-authors"> <div class="featured-authors-sec-1"> <h3><a href="/users/dean-acheson">Acheson, Dean </a></h3> <div class="about-author">Dean Acheson (1893-1971) was an attorney and statesman who served as Secretary of State from 1949 to 1953 under President Harry Truman. A key architect of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, Acheson stressed the importance of multilateral organizations in the fight against totalitarianism. Prior to his service in the Truman Administration, Acheson clerked for Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis, worked at Washington law firm Covington & Burling, and served as Undersecretary of the Treasury for one year under President Franklin Roosevelt. </div> </div> <div class="featured-authors-sec-2"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/user_page_picture/public/picture-228.jpg?itok=fhAo31Ti" alt="Dean Acheson" /> </div> </div></span></div></div> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><div class="featured-authors"> <div class="featured-authors-sec-1"> <h3><a href="/users/stephen-e-ambrose">Ambrose, Stephen E.</a></h3> <div class="about-author">Stephen E. Ambrose (1936-2002) was a historian and professor who wrote on military history, presidential history, and American expansion and foreign policy. Ambrose has been praised for his biographies of Presidents Eisenhower and Nixon, and for helping to galvanize interest in World War II.</div> </div> <div class="featured-authors-sec-2"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/user_page_picture/public/picture-549.gif?itok=Jaan_ZIX" alt="Stephen E. Ambrose" /> </div> </div></span></div></div> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><div class="featured-authors"> <div class="featured-authors-sec-1"> <h3><a href="/users/elizabeth-becker">Becker, Elizabeth </a></h3> <div class="about-author">Elizabeth Becker is an award-winning journalist and the author of several books. Her history When The War Was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge won accolades from the Robert F. Kennedy book award, while her recent biography of female conflict journalists You Don’t Belong Here: How Three Women Rewrote the Story of War won the 2022 Sperber Book Prize and Harvard’s Goldsmith Book Prize. She is also the author of America’s Vietnam War: A Narrative History for young adults.</div> </div> <div class="featured-authors-sec-2"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/user_page_picture/public/pictures/2023-10/elizabeth-becker-199x300.jpg?itok=poTaDpSD" alt="Elizabeth Becker" /> </div> </div></span></div></div> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><div class="featured-authors"> <div class="featured-authors-sec-1"> <h3><a href="/users/kai-bird">Bird, Kai </a></h3> <div class="about-author">Kai Bird is a historian and Executive Director of Leon Levy Center for Biography at the City University of New York. He is best known for writing about the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Vietnam War, US-Middle East relations and biographies of political figures. Bird is the author of American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer, for which he won a Pulitzer Prize, and The Good Spy: The Life and Death of Robert Ames, a New York Times bestseller. His most recent book is The Outlier: The Unfinished Presidency of Jimmy Carter.</div> </div> <div class="featured-authors-sec-2"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/user_page_picture/public/pictures/2023-03/KAI_BIRD_author_photo_by_Stephen_Frietch.jpg?itok=HAc2Jq01" alt="Kai Bird" /> </div> </div></span></div></div> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-nothing"><span class="field-content"><div class="featured-authors"> <div class="featured-authors-sec-1"> <h3><a href="/users/david-w-blight">Blight, David W.</a></h3> <div class="about-author">David W. Blight is the Class of 1954 Professor of American History and Director of the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance & Abolition at Yale University. Recently, Blight has written A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Narratives of Emancipation, and Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, which won the Bancroft Prize, the Abraham Lincoln Prize, and the Frederick Douglass Prize.</div> </div> <div class="featured-authors-sec-2"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/user_page_picture/public/picture-1779.jpg?itok=xDZ9_iPH" alt="David W. Blight" /> </div> </div></span></div></div> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <p><a href="/contributors-user-list">More Contributors >></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <aside class="col-md-4"> <section id="sidebar-second" class="sidebar clearfix " > <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <div id="block-dfptagopenads-zone-block-zone-1-300x250" class="block block-dfp block-dfp-ad9866bd14-fbc9-4220-9d00-5cdf5bdf48ec"> <div class="content"> <div id="js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_1_300x250"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_1_300x250'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-donationad" class="block block-block-content block-block-contenta3a2f0aa-e26a-49be-ba15-931a4617a12e"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="slider"><a class="photo anc" href="https://www.nationalhistorical.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=1" target="_parent"><img alt="Help us save" class="img_tag" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/020118HelpSaveAH-01.jpg" /></a> <a class="photo" href="https://www.nationalhistorical.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=9" target="_parent"><img alt="Free Subscription" class="img_tag" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/020118FreeSubscriptions-01.jpg" /></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-dfptagopenads-zone-block-zone-5-300x250" class="block block-dfp block-dfp-ad4289ec23-3529-4dcb-992e-aac3a0956a55"> <div class="content"> <div id="js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_5_300x250"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_5_300x250'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-dfptagopenads-zone-block-zone-8-300x250" class="block block-dfp block-dfp-ad4f835e7d-c607-4914-83d7-9fdcbec7b6eb"> <div class="content"> <div id="js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_8_300x250"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('js-dfp-tag-openads_zone_block_zone_8_300x250'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="clearfix"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6 footer-area " > <div class="region region-footer"> <div id="block-aboutamericanheritage" class="block block-block-content block-block-content81414c43-c514-4aa0-8b7a-1ab2ebfc1e7f"> <h2 class="block__title title">About American Heritage</h2> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>For 75 years, <em>American Heritage </em>has been the leading magazine of U.S. history, politics, and culture. <strong><em><a href="https://www.americanheritage.com/about/magazine">Read more about the magazine >></a></em></strong></p> <p>The magazine was forced to suspend print publication in 2013, but a group of volunteers saved the archives and relaunched it in digital form in 2017. <strong><em><a href="https://www.nationalhistorical.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=9">Free subscription >></a></em></strong> </p> <p>Please consider a donation to the 501(c)3 National Historical Society to help us keep this American treasure alive. <strong><em><a href="https://www.nationalhistorical.org/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=1">Support with a donation>></a></em></strong></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 footer-area " > <div class="region region-footer-third"> <div id="block-staytunedwithus" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentf337ca2e-88c0-48a5-a919-5bcbc606de69"> <h2 class="block__title title">Stay tuned with us</h2> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul class="icons-list"><li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="https://www.facebook.com/ameriheritage/"><faicon class="fa fa-facebook"></faicon><span class="sr-only">Facebook</span></a></li> <li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="https://twitter.com/AmeriHeritage"><faicon class="fa fa-twitter"></faicon><span class="sr-only">Twitter</span></a></li> <li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/AmeriHeritage"><faicon class="fa fa-linkedin"></faicon><span class="sr-only">Linkedin</span></a></li> <li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="http://www.youtube.com/AmeriHeritage/"><faicon class="fa fa-youtube"></faicon><span class="sr-only">Youtube</span></a></li> <li><a class="hover-effect-1" href="/rss.xml"><faicon class="fa fa-rss"></faicon><span class="sr-only">RSS</span></a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="subfooter" class="clearfix"> <div id="subfooter-inside" class="container clearfix"> <div class="row row--md-vcentered"> <div class="col-md-4 subfooter-area first"> <div class="region region-sub-footer-first"> <div id="block-copyright" class="block block-block-content block-block-content367510b9-2c00-45cd-b1d7-f766d2b0a1b0"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>© Copyright 1949-2024 <strong>American Heritage Publishing Co</strong>. All Rights Reserved. To license content, please contact licenses [at] americanheritage.com.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 subfooter-area second"> <div class="region region-sub-footer-second"> <div id="block-journaleight-sitebranding" class="clearfix site-branding block block-system block-system-branding-block"> <div class="logo-and-site-name-wrapper clearfix"> <div class="site-name site-branding__name"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home">AMERICAN HERITAGE</a> </div> <div class="site-slogan site-branding__slogan">Trusted Writing on History, Travel, and American Culture Since 1949</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 subfooter-area third"> <div class="region region-sub-footer-third"> <nav aria-labelledby="block-footermenulinks-menu" id="block-footermenulinks" class="block block-menu navigation menu--menu-footer-menu-links"> <h2 class="visually-hidden block__title title" id="block-footermenulinks-menu">Footer menu links</h2> <div class="content"> <div class="menu-toggle-target menu-toggle-target-show" id="show-block-footermenulinks"></div> <div class="menu-toggle-target" id="hide-block-footermenulinks"></div> <a class="menu-toggle" href="#show-block-footermenulinks">Menu</a> <a class="menu-toggle menu-toggle--hide" href="#hide-block-footermenulinks">Menu</a> <ul class="clearfix menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://www.ahsociety.org/">About the Society</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/advertising/media-kit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/103845">Advertise With Us</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/132668">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/magazine/permissions-and-rights" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/54017">Licensing & Permissions</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.americanheritage.com/node/132706">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/search/node" data-drupal-link-system-path="search/node">Search</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/content/terms-of-use" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/62535">Terms of Use</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="block-popupcsstemporary" class="block block-block-content block-block-content0494e128-1648-4059-9b9f-5469c88db990"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><style> <![CDATA[/* ><!]]>*/ </style></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="toTop"><i class="fa fa-long-arrow-up"></i></div> </div> <script type='text/javascript'> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({flush: true}); </script> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"taxonomy\/term\/29997","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"classy\/base,classy\/messages,core\/normalize,filter\/caption,google_analytics\/google_analytics,journaleight\/bootstrap,journaleight\/color-light-indigo,journaleight\/flexslider,journaleight\/fontawesome,journaleight\/fonts-oswald,journaleight\/fonts-roboto-slab,journaleight\/global-styling,journaleight\/local-stylesheets,journaleight\/messages,journaleight\/node-styles,journaleight\/to-top,modal_blocks\/modal_block,openads\/openadgeneral,popup_dialog\/dialog_box,superfish\/superfish,superfish\/superfish_smallscreen,superfish\/superfish_supersubs,system\/base,views\/views.module","theme":"journaleight","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/search\/node":true},"google_analytics":{"account":"G-MBC0436JG8","trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackTel":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"enabled":1,"title":"","body":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-wrapper\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-left\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022AH\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00229ab6ce71-47ed-4e27-8fda-d5997fdcc533\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/AHcover_Summer2017.jpg\u0022 \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-right\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Ch2 class=\u0022hero-title\u0022\u003EWelcome to the relaunched \u003Cem\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EAmerican Heritage!\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-text clearfix\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022text-left\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESignup for a FREE digital subscription!\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-btn\u0022\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022button\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nationalhistorical.org\/civicrm\/contribute\/transact?reset=1\u0026amp;id=9\u0022\u003ESign Up\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-text clearfix\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022text-left\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESupport our new nonprofit society and volunteers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-btn\u0022\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022button\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nationalhistorical.org\/civicrm\/contribute\/transact?reset=1\u0026amp;id=1\u0022\u003EDonate\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-text clearfix\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022text-left\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERead about our plans\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-btn\u0022\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022button\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nationalhistorical.org\/about-our-society-and-programs\u0022\u003EInfo\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn these divided times, knowledge about our shared history is needed more than ever.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWe rely on donations to survive.\u003C\/strong\u003E Please help us provide trusted writing on American history for another 70 years.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n","delay":"2","top":"150","journaleight":{"sliderRevolutionBoxedInit":{"sliderRevolutionSlideshowBoxedEffectTime":5000,"sliderRevolutionSlideshowBoxedInitialHeight":610},"flexsliderMainInit":{"slideshowEffect":"fade","slideshowEffectTime":10000},"flexsliderInternalBannerSliderInit":{"internalBannerEffect":"slide"},"flexsliderBreakingSliderInit":{"breakingEffect":"fade","breakingEffectTime":5000}},"superfish":{"superfish-main":{"id":"superfish-main","sf":{"pathClass":"active-trail","pathLevels":0,"animation":{"opacity":"show","height":"show"},"speed":"fast","disableHI":true},"plugins":{"smallscreen":{"mode":"window_width","title":"Main navigation"},"supersubs":true}}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"f4b19a80655ce8eb5b674152b3cc38177d5da0628a87c6db29007166cbc3bbc3"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_J7613K-PNDxixoefhBGqaPiqLaz4BSBr9jvtrYAj19E.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_HbtQgWTTvZzVp1AY46N3FMxAu9eMEpS_UbXtsDyNltQ.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_xN3S2o36slP-yB0IqmWHkmRHYo6GT79szARw_YfpQ6E.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_pvHSYWKuQWN-DzxQO06a2jLkWK7pIM7l4BEuj_6D_zM.js"></script> </body> </html>