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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html;charset=utf-8;"> <title data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:title">g | Search Online Etymology Dictionary</title> <meta data-react-helmet="true" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="theme-color" content="#83001d"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="description" property="og:description" content="The online etymology dictionary (etymonline) is the internet's go-to source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of English words, phrases, and idioms. 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href="/search?q=g&type=2"><div class="selectorItem--S2kay">phrase</div></a><a href="/search?q=g&type=3"><div class="selectorItem--S2kay">suffix</div></a><a href="/search?q=g&type=4"><div class="selectorItem--S2kay selected--3Nv2s">prefix</div></a><a href="/search?q=g&type=5"><div class="selectorItem--S2kay">word root</div></a><div class="underline--2GdPQ"></div></div>15 entries found.</div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of galacto-" href="/word/galacto-#etymonline_v_50793">galacto-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>before vowels <span class="foreign notranslate">galact-</span>, word-forming element meaning "milk, milky," from Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">gala</span> (stem <span class="foreign notranslate">galakt-</span>; see <a href="/word/galaxy" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of galaxy " class="crossreference notranslate">galaxy</a>).</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/galacto-#etymonline_v_50793"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-sp-infeed-1" style="min-width:728px;min-height:90px"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of giga-" href="/word/giga-#etymonline_v_33756">giga-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>word-forming element meaning "billion" (U.S.) in the metric system, 1947, formed arbitrarily from Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">gigas</span> "giant" (see <a href="/word/giant" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of giant " class="crossreference notranslate">giant</a>).</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/giga-#etymonline_v_33756"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of glotto-" href="/word/glotto-#etymonline_v_41089">glotto-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>word-forming element meaning "language," from Attic Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">gl艒tto-</span>, from <span class="foreign notranslate">gl艒tta</span>, variant of <span class="foreign notranslate">gl艒ssa</span> "tongue; language" (see <a href="/word/gloss#etymonline_v_8972" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of gloss " class="crossreference notranslate">gloss</a> (n.2)).</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/glotto-#etymonline_v_41089"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of gluco-" href="/word/gluco-#etymonline_v_33858">gluco-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>before vowels, <span class="foreign notranslate">gluc-</span>, word-forming element used since c. 1880s, a later form of <a href="/word/glyco-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of glyco- " class="crossreference notranslate">glyco-</a>, from Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">glykys</span> "sweet," figuratively "delightful; dear; simple, silly," from <span class="foreign notranslate">*glku-</span>, a dissimilation in Greek from PIE root <span class="foreign notranslate">*dlk-u-</span> "sweet" (source also of Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">dulcis</span>). De Vaan writes that "It is likely that we are dealing with a common borrowing from an unknown source." Now usually with reference to glucose.</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/gluco-#etymonline_v_33858"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of gn-" href="/word/gn-#etymonline_v_50873">gn-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>consonant cluster at the head of some words; the <span class="foreign notranslate">-g-</span> formerly was pronounced. Found in words from Old English (<span class="foreign notranslate">gnat</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">gnaw</span>), in Low German, and Scandinavian as a variant of <a href="/word/kn-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of kn- " class="crossreference notranslate">kn-</a> (<span class="foreign notranslate">gneiss</span>), in Latin and Greek (<span class="foreign notranslate">gnomon</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">gnostic</span>) and representing sounds in non-Indo-European languages (<span class="foreign notranslate">gnu</span>).</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/gn-#etymonline_v_50873"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="5022190299" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of gnatho-" href="/word/gnatho-#etymonline_v_50875">gnatho-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>before vowels <span class="foreign notranslate">gnath-</span>, word-forming element meaning "jaw, mouth part, beak (of a bird)," from Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">gnathos</span> "jaw," from PIE root <a href="/word/*genu-#etymonline_v_52706" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *genu- " rel="nofollow" class="crossreference notranslate">*genu-</a> (2) "jawbone, chin."</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/gnatho-#etymonline_v_50875"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of gono-" href="/word/gono-#etymonline_v_50899">gono-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>before vowels <span class="foreign notranslate">gon-</span>, word-forming element from Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">gonos</span> "seed, that which engenders," from PIE <span class="foreign notranslate">*gon-o-</span>, suffixed form of root <a href="/word/*gene-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *gene- " rel="nofollow" class="crossreference notranslate">*gene-</a> "give birth, beget."</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/gono-#etymonline_v_50899"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of Graeco-" href="/word/Graeco-#etymonline_v_41206">Graeco-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>also <span class="foreign notranslate">Greco-</span>, modern word-forming element, from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">Graecus</span> "Greek" (see <a href="/word/Greek#etymonline_v_11949" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Greek " class="crossreference notranslate">Greek</a> (n.)) on model of <span class="foreign notranslate">Anglo-</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">Franco-</span>, etc.</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/Graeco-#etymonline_v_41206"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of grand-" href="/word/grand-#etymonline_v_50918">grand-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>a special use of <a href="/word/grand#etymonline_v_11897" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of grand " class="crossreference notranslate">grand</a> (adj.) in genealogical compounds, originally with the sense of "a generation older than," first attested c. 1200, in Anglo-French <span class="foreign notranslate">graund dame</span> "grandmother," also <span class="foreign notranslate">grandsire</span> (late 13c.), from such use of Old French <span class="foreign notranslate">grand-</span>, which perhaps is modeled on Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">avunculus magnus</span> "great uncle." The partly-Englished <span class="foreign notranslate">grandmother</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">grandfather</span> are from 15c. Other such words in European languages are formed with the adjectives for "old" or "best" (Danish <span class="foreign notranslate">bedstefar</span>) or as diminutives or pet names (Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">pappos</span>, Welsh <span class="foreign notranslate">taid</span>). The French formation also is the model for such words in German and Dutch. Spanish <span class="foreign notranslate">abuelo</span> is from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">avus</span> "grandfather" (from PIE <span class="foreign notranslate">*awo-</span> "adult male relative other than the father;" see <a href="/word/uncle" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of uncle " class="crossreference notranslate">uncle</a>), via Vulgar Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">*aviolus</span>, a diminutive or adjective substitution for the noun.</p> <p>The extension of the sense to corresponding relationships of descent, "a generation younger than" (<span class="foreign notranslate">grandson</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">granddaughter</span>) is from Elizabethan times. The inherited PIE root, <span class="foreign notranslate">*nepot-</span> "grandchild" (see <a href="/word/nephew" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of nephew " class="crossreference notranslate">nephew</a>) has shifted to "nephew; niece" in English and other languages (Spanish <span class="foreign notranslate">nieto</span>, <span class="foreign notranslate">nieta</span>). Old English used <span class="foreign notranslate">suna sunu</span> ("son's son"), <span class="foreign notranslate">dohtor sunu</span> ("son's daughter").</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/grand-#etymonline_v_50918"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of great-" href="/word/great-#etymonline_v_50932">great-<!-- -->聽<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>word-forming element denoting "kinship one degree further removed," early 15c. (in <span class="foreign notranslate">great uncle</span>), from <a href="/word/great#etymonline_v_11945" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of great " class="crossreference notranslate">great</a> (adj.), based on similar use of French <span class="foreign notranslate">grand</span> (see <a href="/word/grand-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of grand- " class="crossreference notranslate">grand-</a>). An Old English way of saying "great-grandfather" was <span class="foreign notranslate">镁ridda f忙der</span>, literally "third father;" in early Middle English <span class="foreign notranslate">fur镁ur ealdefader</span> was used (12c.).</p></section></div></div><a data-more="true" class="word_4pc__footer--2yfj3" href="/word/great-#etymonline_v_50932"><span>Related entries & more</span>聽<i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="opacity:0"></i></a><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="pagination_simple--1ilDd"><a style="visibility:hidden" title="prev" class="pagination_simple_prev--1rWzQ" role="button" href="/search?page=0&q=g&type=4"><i class="fa fa-2x fa-angle-left" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a title="next" role="button" href="/search?page=2&q=g&type=4">Next</a><a style="visibility:visible" title="next" class="pagination_simple_next--3KB2t" role="button" href="/search?page=2&q=g&type=4"><i class="fa fa-2x fa-angle-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div><ul class="ant-pagination 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