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.infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style>The Hawker Hart is a British two-seater <a href="/wiki/Biplane" title="Biplane">biplane</a> light bomber aircraft that saw service with the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> (RAF). It was designed during the 1920s by <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Camm" title="Sydney Camm">Sydney Camm</a> and manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Aircraft" title="Hawker Aircraft">Hawker Aircraft</a>. The Hart was a prominent British aircraft in the inter-war period, but was obsolete and already side-lined for newer <a href="/wiki/Monoplane" title="Monoplane">monoplane</a> aircraft designs by the start of the Second World War, playing only minor roles in the conflict before being retired. <table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Hart</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Camm_hart_500.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Camm_hart_500.jpg/300px-Camm_hart_500.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Camm_hart_500.jpg/450px-Camm_hart_500.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Camm_hart_500.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="296"></a> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">Hawker Hart G-ABMR</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Light_bomber" title="Light bomber">Light bomber</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Aircraft" title="Hawker Aircraft">Hawker Aircraft Limited</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><div> <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Camm" title="Sydney Camm">Sydney Camm</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary user</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1930</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">June 1928</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1943</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed into</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hind" title="Hawker Hind">Hawker Hind</a> <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hector" title="Hawker Hector">Hawker Hector</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Several major variants of the Hart were developed, including a navalised version for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carriers</a>. Beyond Britain, the Hart would be operated by a number of foreign nations, including <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Design_and_development">1 Design and development</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Operational_history">2 Operational history</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Variants">3 Variants</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Hart">3.1 Hart</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Audax">3.2 Audax</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Demon">3.3 Demon</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Hardy">3.4 Hardy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Hind">3.5 Hind</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Osprey">3.6 Osprey</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Operators">4 Operators</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Hawker_Hart">4.1 Hawker Hart</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Hawker_Audax">4.2 Hawker Audax</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Hawker_Demon">4.3 Hawker Demon</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Hawker_Hardy">4.4 Hawker Hardy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Hawker_Hartebeest">4.5 Hawker Hartebeest</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Hawker_Osprey">4.6 Hawker Osprey</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Surviving_aircraft">5 Surviving aircraft</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Specifications_Hart_(Kestrel_IB-powered_day_bomber)">6 Specifications Hart (Kestrel IB-powered day bomber)</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#See_also">7 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#References">8 References</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Notes">8.1 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Citations">8.2 Citations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Bibliography">8.3 Bibliography</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#External_links">9 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Design_and_development">Design and development</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design and development" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> In 1926, the <a href="/wiki/Air_Ministry" title="Air Ministry">Air Ministry</a> stated a <a href="/wiki/List_of_Air_Ministry_Specifications#1920-1929" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Air Ministry Specifications">requirement</a> for a two-seat high-performance light day-bomber, to be of all-metal construction and with a maximum speed of 160 mph (258 km/h). Designs were tendered by <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Aircraft" title="Hawker Aircraft">Hawker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avro" title="Avro">Avro</a> and <a href="/wiki/De_Havilland" title="De Havilland">de Havilland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fairey_Aviation_Company" title="Fairey Aviation Company">Fairey</a>, who had sold a squadron's worth of its wooden <a href="/wiki/Fairey_Fox" title="Fairey Fox">Fox</a> bomber in 1925, was not at first invited to tender to the specification, and was sent a copy of the specification only after protesting to the <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Air_Staff_(United_Kingdom)" title="Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)">Chief of the Air Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Trenchard,_1st_Viscount_Trenchard" title="Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard">Hugh Trenchard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Jarret_May95_p13-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fairey_p196-3">[3]</a> Hawker's design was a <a href="/wiki/Interplane_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Interplane strut">single-bay</a> <a href="/wiki/Biplane" title="Biplane">biplane</a> powered by a <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Kestrel" title="Rolls-Royce Kestrel">Rolls-Royce F.XI</a> water-cooled <a href="/wiki/V12_engine" title="V12 engine">V12 engine</a> (the engine that later became known as the Rolls-Royce Kestrel). It had, as the specification required, a metal structure, with a fuselage structure of steel-tube covered by <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> panels and fabric, with the wings having steel <a href="/wiki/Spar_(aviation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spar (aviation)">spars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duralumin" title="Duralumin">duralumin</a> <a href="/wiki/Rib_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rib (aircraft)">ribs</a>, covered in fabric. The crew of two sat in individual tandem cockpits, with the pilot sitting under the wing trailing edge, and operating a single .303 in (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Vickers_machine_gun" title="Vickers machine gun">Vickers machine gun</a> mounted on the port side of the cockpit. The observer sat behind the pilot, and was armed with a single <a href="/wiki/Lewis_gun" title="Lewis gun">Lewis gun</a> on a ring mount, while for bomb-aiming, he lay prone under the pilot's seat.<a href="#cite_note-Jarrett_Jun95_p30-2-4">[4]</a> Up to 520 pounds (240 kg) of bombs could be carried under the aircraft's wings.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p170-5">[5]</a> The prototype Hart, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_military_aircraft_serial_numbers" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom military aircraft serial numbers">serial</a> J9052, first flew in June 1928, being delivered to the <a href="/wiki/Aeroplane_and_Armament_Experimental_Establishment" title="Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment">Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment</a> at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Martlesham_Heath" title="RAF Martlesham Heath">RAF Martlesham Heath</a> on 8 September. It demonstrated good performance and handling, reaching 176 mph (283 km/h) in level flight and 282 miles per hour (454 km/h) in a vertical dive.<a href="#cite_note-Jarrett_May95_p14-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mason_Bomber_p205-7">[7]</a> The competition culminated in the choice of the Hawker Hart in April 1929. The <a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Hound" class="mw-redirect" title="De Havilland Hound">de Havilland Hound</a> was rejected due to handling problems during landing and because of its part-wooden primary structure. While the <a href="/wiki/Avro_Antelope" title="Avro Antelope">Avro Antelope</a> demonstrated similar performance and good handling, the Hart was preferred as it was far cheaper to maintain, a vital aspect to a programme during defence budget constraints that the British armed forces faced during the 1920s. The <a href="/wiki/Fairey_Fox" title="Fairey Fox">Fairey Fox IIM</a> (which despite the name was a new aircraft), delayed by Fairey's late start on the design compared to the other competitors, only flew for the first time on 25 October 1929, long after the Hart had been selected.<a href="#cite_note-Jarrett_May95_p14-6">[6]</a> A total of 992 aircraft were built as Harts.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Bomber_p207-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[N 1]</a> It became the most widely used light bomber of its time and the design would prove to be a successful one with a number of derivatives, including the <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hind" title="Hawker Hind">Hawker Hind</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hector" title="Hawker Hector">Hector</a>. There were a number of Hart variants, though only slight alterations were made to the design. The Hart India was a tropical version, the Hart Special was a tropical <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Audax" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawker Audax">Hawker Audax</a>, a Hart variant with desert equipment; a specialised Hart Trainer was also built which dispensed with the gunner's ring. Vickers built 114 of the latter model at Weybridge between 1931 and June 1936.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> The production Hart day bomber had a 525 hp (390 kW) <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Kestrel" title="Rolls-Royce Kestrel">Rolls-Royce Kestrel</a> IB 12-cylinder V-type engine; a speed of 184 mph (296 km/h) and a range of 470 mi (757 km).<a href="#cite_note-Jarrett_Jun95_p32-11">[10]</a> It was faster than most contemporary fighters, an astonishing achievement considering it was a light bomber. It also enjoyed excellent manoeuvrability, making the Hart one of the most effective biplane bombers ever produced for the Royal Air Force. In particular, it was faster than the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Bulldog" title="Bristol Bulldog">Bristol Bulldog</a>, which had recently entered service as the RAF's front line fighter. This disparity in performance led the RAF to gradually replace the Bulldog with the <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Fury" title="Hawker Fury">Hawker Fury</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> Demand was such that production was spread out among a wide selection of aircraft companies. Of the 962 built in the United Kingdom, Hawker produced 234, <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth" title="Armstrong Whitworth">Armstrong Whitworth</a> 456, <a href="/wiki/Gloster_Aircraft_Company" title="Gloster Aircraft Company">Gloster</a> 46, <a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers</a> 226 and 42 were produced in Sweden under licence by <a href="/wiki/AB_Svenska_J%C3%A4rnv%C3%A4gsverkst%C3%A4dernas_Aeroplanavdelning" title="AB Svenska Järnvägsverkstädernas Aeroplanavdelning">ASJA</a> who built 18, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6taverken" title="Götaverken">Götaverken</a> who built three and the Central Workshops of the Air Force (CVM) who built 21.<a href="#cite_note-aeroflight.co.uk-13">[12]</a> 1004 Harts were produced.<a href="#cite_note-aeroflight.co.uk-13">[12]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operational history" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> The Hart entered service with <a href="/wiki/No._33_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 33 Squadron RAF">No. 33 Squadron RAF</a> in February 1930, replacing the larger and slower <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Horsley" title="Hawker Horsley">Hawker Horsley</a>. <a href="/wiki/No._12_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 12 Squadron RAF">No. 12 Squadron</a> replaced its Foxes with Harts in January 1931, with a further two British-based Hart light bomber squadrons forming during 1931.<a href="#cite_note-Thetford_July95_p51-14">[13]</a> Harts were deployed to the Middle East during the <a href="/wiki/Abyssinia_Crisis" title="Abyssinia Crisis">Abyssinia Crisis</a> of 1935–1936. The Hart saw extensive and successful service on the <a href="/wiki/North-West_Frontier_(military_history)" class="mw-redirect" title="North-West Frontier (military history)">North-West Frontier</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a> during the inter-war period. Four Hawker Harts from the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Swedish Air Force</a> saw action as dive bombers during the 1939–1940 <a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Winter War</a> as part of a Swedish volunteer squadron, designated F19, fighting on the Finnish side. Though obsolete compared to the United Kingdom's opposition at the start of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>, the Hart continued in service, mainly performing in the communications and training roles until being declared obsolete in 1943.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> The Hart proved to be a successful export, seeing service with the Royal <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egyptian Air Force</a>, Royal <a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">Indian Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonian Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a>, Sweden (where it was designated B4) and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a>. The Rhodesian Hardys saw service on the Allied side during the opening moves of the East African theatre of World War II. Swedish Air Force General <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Bjuggren" title="Björn Bjuggren">Björn Bjuggren</a> wrote in his memoirs<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> how his squadron developed <a href="/wiki/Dive-bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Dive-bombing">dive-bombing</a> techniques in the mid-1930s for their B4s.<a href="#cite_note-17">[N 2]</a> When the Hawker engineers found out, they issued a formal objection, saying that the aircraft had not been designed for that purpose. However, the Swedish pilots proved that the aircraft was up to the task and dispelled their concerns.<a href="#cite_note-18">[16]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Variants" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hart">Hart</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hart" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <dl><dt>Hart I</dt> <dd>Two-seat light bomber aircraft for the RAF. 525 hp Kestrel IB engine.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p488-19">[17]</a></dd> <dt>Hart SEDB</dt> <dd>Two-seat single-engined light bomber aircraft for the RAF, powered by a 525 hp Rolls-Royce Kestrel IB, or a 510 hp Kestrel X (DR) piston engine.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p492-20">[18]</a></dd> <dt>Hart (India)</dt> <dd>Tropicalised version for the RAF, used by RAF in the <a href="/wiki/North-West_Frontier_Province_(1901%E2%80%931955)" class="mw-redirect" title="North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)">North West Frontier</a> of India, with larger radiator and extra equipment.<a href="#cite_note-Jarrett_May95_p15-21">[19]</a></dd> <dt>Hart (C)</dt> <dd>Two-seat unarmed communications aircraft for the RAF, a small number were used by No. 24 Squadron RAF; eight built.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p,490,494-22">[20]</a></dd> <dt>Hart Trainer (Interim)</dt> <dd>Hart light bombers converted into training aircraft. Two built.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p160-23">[21]</a></dd> <dt>Hart Trainer</dt> <dd>Two-seat dual-control trainer aircraft, with reduced sweepback on top wings to compensate for movement in center of gravity caused by removal of military equipment.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p161-24">[22]</a></dd> <dt>Hart Fighter</dt> <dd>Two-seat fighter version for the RAF used by No. 23 Squadron RAF, with Kestrel IIS. Later redesignated as the Demon; six built.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p489-25">[23]</a></dd> <dt>Hart (Special)</dt> <dd>Tropicalised version for the RAF, used by the RAF in the Middle East. Based on Audax airframe with desert equipment, and de-rated Kestrel X engine.<a href="#cite_note-Wixey_AE97_p57-8-26">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p159-27">[25]</a></dd> <dt>Hart (Testbeds)</dt> <dd>Several Harts were used as engine testbeds, including G-ABMR and G-ABTN which were used to test several variants of Kestrel engines. K2434 was used by Napier to test the Napier Dagger I, II and III. K3036 was used by Rolls-Royce to test the <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Merlin" title="Rolls-Royce Merlin">Merlin C and E</a>, complete with a ventral radiator.<a href="#cite_note-28">[26]</a></dd> <dt>Estonian Hart</dt> <dd>Export version for Estonia, equipped with an interchangeable wheel or float undercarriage; eight built.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p165-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wixey_AE96_p28-9-30">[28]</a></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Hart,_B_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg/330px-Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg/440px-Hawker_Hart%2C_B_4.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A preserved Hart of the Swedish Air Force, powered by a <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Pegasus" title="Bristol Pegasus">Bristol Pegasus</a> radial engine, in Finnish Air Force markings (1976)</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Swedish Hart</dt> <dd>Light bomber for Swedish Air Force. Four Hawker-built pattern aircraft, powered by a Bristol Pegasus IM2 radial piston engine were delivered in 1934. Following successful evaluation, 42 were built under licence in Sweden by AB Götaverken of Göteborg, powered by a Swedish-built <a href="/wiki/NOHAB" title="NOHAB">NOHAB</a> Pegasus IU2.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p165-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wixey_AE96_p28-9-30">[28]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audax">Audax</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Audax" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The Hawker Audax was a Hart variant, designed for army cooperation, seeing much service in the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>. The first Audax flew in late 1931 and over 700 Audaxes were produced (including export). The Audax was similar to the Hart, though had some modifications, including a hook to pick up messages.<a href="#cite_note-Smith-31">[29]</a> It was armed with a single <a href="/wiki/Scarff_ring" title="Scarff ring">Scarff ring</a>-mounted .303 in (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Lewis_gun" title="Lewis gun">Lewis gun</a> and a fixed forward-firing .303 in (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Vickers_machine_gun" title="Vickers machine gun">Vickers machine gun</a><a href="#cite_note-Smith-31">[29]</a> and was powered by a version of the Kestrel engine and had a maximum speed of 170 mph (274 km/h). A number of variants of the Audax were produced, including the Audax India, a tropicalised version of the Audax for service in India and the Audax Singapore for service there.<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HAudax.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/HAudax.jpg/220px-HAudax.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1319" data-file-height="721"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/HAudax.jpg/220px-HAudax.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/HAudax.jpg/330px-HAudax.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/HAudax.jpg/440px-HAudax.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Audax prototype</figcaption></figure> Other air forces which also used the Audax included the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Air_Force" title="Royal Indian Air Force">Royal Indian Air Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force#History" title="Egyptian Air Force">Royal Egyptian Air Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force#History" title="Iraqi Air Force">Royal Iraqi Air Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Iranian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Iranian Air Force">Imperial Iranian Air Force</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlements" title="Straits Settlements">Straits Settlements</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Rhodesian Air Force">Southern Rhodesian Air Force</a>. During the Second World War the Audax saw limited service in Africa on the <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>–<a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Abyssinia</a> border during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War" title="Second Italo-Ethiopian War">Second Italo-Ethiopian War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Smith-31">[29]</a> The Audax also saw service in Iraq, at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Habbaniya" title="RAF Habbaniya">RAF Habbaniya</a>, west of <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, after the uprising there, during the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Iraqi_War" title="Anglo-Iraqi War">Anglo-Iraqi War</a>. In the days leading up to that battle crews began to upgrade the Audaxes stationed there, despite having received orders forbidding such actions. They fitted some to carry 250 lb (113 kg) bombs instead of 20 lb (9 kg) bombs.<a href="#cite_note-Smith-31">[29]</a> The Audax ended its service by 1945. A derivative of the Audax, the <a href="#Hartebeest">Hawker Hartebeest</a>, a light bomber, was built for the South African Air Force with modifications made from the Audax. Sixty-nine of these aircraft were built, the majority in South Africa.<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> The aircraft saw action in East Africa during clashes against Italy who occupied Abyssinia.<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg/220px-Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="736"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 158px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg/220px-Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="158" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg/330px-Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg/440px-Hawker_Audax_K3077_26_Sq_BTN_08.09.34_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Audax of 26 Squadron in 1934</figcaption></figure> A.V. Roe built 287 Audaxes as part of the RAF expansion scheme during 1935–1937. These did not warrant an Avro type number but between 1937 and 1938, Avro built 24 modernised Audaxes for the Egyptian government, powered by 750 hp (560 kW) <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Panther" title="Armstrong Siddeley Panther">Armstrong Siddeley Panther VIA</a> radials. Acknowledging the amount of redesign work done, these were designated the Avro Type 674. Audax I <dl><dd>Two-seat army cooperation aircraft for the RAF, powered by a 530 hp (395 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel IB, or 580 hp Kestrel X piston engine.</dd></dl> Audax (India) <dl><dd>Tropicalised version for the RAF, used by the RAF in India.</dd></dl> Audax (Singapore) <dl><dd>Tropicalised version for the RAF, powered by a Rolls-Royce Kestrel V piston engine, used by the RAF in Singapore and <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a>.</dd></dl> Canadian Audax <dl><dd>Modified version of the Audax I for the <a href="/wiki/RCAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RCAF">RCAF</a>; one built for Canada.</dd></dl> Egyptian Audax <dl><dd>Six aircraft fitted with the 750 hp <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Panther" title="Armstrong Siddeley Panther">Armstrong Siddeley Panther</a> radial piston engine, plus 18 aircraft fitted with the Panther X radial piston engine; 34 built for Egypt.</dd></dl> Iraqi Audax (Nisr) <dl><dd>24 aircraft fitted with the <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Pegasus" title="Bristol Pegasus">Bristol Pegasus</a> IIM2 radial piston engine, plus ten aircraft fitted with the Pegasus VIP8 radial piston engine; 34 built for Iraq.<a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a></dd></dl> Persian Audax <dl><dd>30 aircraft fitted with the <a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Whitney_Hornet" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratt & Whitney Hornet">Pratt & Whitney Hornet</a> S2B radial piston engine, plus 26 aircraft fitted with the Bristol Pegasus IIM or IIM2 radial piston engine; 56 built for Persia.</dd></dl> Hartebeest <dl><dd>Hawker-built pattern aircraft; 4 built and exported to South Africa.</dd></dl> Hartebeest I <dl><dd>Two-seat general-purpose, ground support aircraft for the South African Air Force, powered by a 608 hp (453 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel VFP piston engine; 4 aircraft built by Hawker Aircraft in the UK, 65 aircraft built under licence by SAAF Roberts Heights Depot, Pretoria, in South Africa.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demon">Demon</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg/220px-Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg/220px-Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg/330px-Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg/440px-Hawker_Demon_I_K8200_64_Sqn_RWY_25.06.38_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Boulton Paul built Demon I of 64 Squadron in 1938</figcaption></figure> The Hawker Demon was a fighter variant of the Hart light bomber. During air defence exercises the RAF's <a href="/wiki/Armstrong-Whitworth_Siskin" class="mw-redirect" title="Armstrong-Whitworth Siskin">Siskins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bristol_Bulldog" title="Bristol Bulldog">Bulldogs</a> were often unable to intercept the new Hart bombers, which were sometimes instructed to restrict their height and speed in order to give the fighters a chance, which prompted the development of a fighter variant of the Hart.<a href="#cite_note-Thetford_July95_p56-36">[34]</a> While the <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Fury" title="Hawker Fury">Hawker Fury</a> offered better performance, lower production volumes made it more expensive and therefore it remained available only in small numbers, so when a fighter version of the Hart was suggested, the Air Ministry selected the type as an interim fighter until higher-performance fighters could be bought in larger numbers.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Fighter_p234-37">[35]</a> The new fighter variant added a second Vickers machine gun, while the coaming of the rear cockpit was angled to give a better field of fire, and a <a href="/wiki/Supercharger" title="Supercharger">supercharged</a> Kestrel IS engine was fitted. Evaluation of an initial batch of six aircraft, known as Hart Fighters by one flight of <a href="/wiki/No._23_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 23 Squadron RAF">23 Squadron</a> during 1931 was successful, and larger orders followed for the fighter Hart, now known as the Hawker Demon.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p219-38">[36]</a> The production Demon's first flight was on 10 February 1933.<a href="#cite_note-am1091p588-39">[37]</a> 305 Hawker Demons were built, including 232 for the RAF.<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> The Demon was powered by versions of the Kestrel engine. It had an armament of a single rear .303 in (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis Gun">Lewis Gun</a> with two fixed .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine guns in the nose. Many were fitted with a hydraulically-powered turret in the rear gunner's position, which had been tested on the Hawker Hart. Demons were also sold to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Royal Australian Air Force</a>. It saw only second-line operations during the Second World War. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg/220px-Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg/220px-Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg/330px-Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg/440px-Hawker_Demon_ExCC.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hawker Demons of <a href="/wiki/No._23_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 23 Squadron RAF">No. 23 Squadron RAF</a></figcaption></figure> Production of the Demon was undertaken by Hawker and by <a href="/wiki/Boulton_Paul_Aircraft" title="Boulton Paul Aircraft">Boulton Paul Aircraft</a> at their Wolverhampton factory, where their last example of 106 to be completed was delivered to the RAF in December 1937. <dl><dt>Hart two-seat fighter</dt> <dd>Two-seat fighter version of the Hart for the RAF. Later redesignated as the Hart Fighter.</dd> <dt>Demon I</dt> <dd>Two-seat fighter aircraft for the <a href="/wiki/RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF">RAF</a>.</dd> <dt>Australian Demon I</dt> <dd>Two-seat fighter aircraft for the <a href="/wiki/RAAF" class="mw-redirect" title="RAAF">RAAF</a>, similar to RAF version but fitted with a 600 hp (447 kW) <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Kestrel" title="Rolls-Royce Kestrel">Rolls-Royce Kestrel V</a> engine; 54 built (the first 18 delivered as general-purpose fighters in 1935 and an additional 36 for army co-operation duties delivered in 1936).</dd> <dt>Australian Demon II</dt> <dd>Two-seat training version for the RAAF, standard Demon fitted with dual controls and provision for target towing, 10 built</dd> <dt>Turret Demon</dt> <dd>Two-seat fighter version, fitted with a <a href="/wiki/Nash_%26_Thompson" title="Nash & Thompson">Frazer-Nash</a> gun turret in the rear cockpit.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardy">Hardy</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hardy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4392" data-file-height="3023"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 151px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="151" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg/330px-Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg/440px-Hawker_Hardy_LOC_matpc.18774.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hawker Hardy aircraft operating from RAF Ramleh airfield in the 1930s</figcaption></figure> The Hawker Hardy was a general-purpose variant of the Hawker Hart tropicalised to meet <a href="/wiki/Air_Ministry_Specification" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Ministry Specification">Air Ministry Specification</a> G.23/33 as a Wapiti replacement in Iraq. The prototype was a production Hart which was modified with a modified radiator, a message pick-up hook, water containers and a desert survival kit. The prototype first flew on 7 September 1934, and the first production aircraft were delivered to <a href="/wiki/No._30_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 30 Squadron RAF">30 Squadron</a> in January 1935. The Hardy saw some service during the Second World War, in Africa and the Middle East; the Hardys performing a number of operations against Italian-occupied Abyssinia as well as other areas of Africa. The Hardy also saw <a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia_in_World_War_II#East_Africa" title="Southern Rhodesia in World War II">service with Southern Rhodesia</a>. The last operational sortie by a Hardy was on 9 May 1941 and most of the survivors were scrapped, although some continued in service as communications aircraft. On 14 May 1941, the Belgian Colonial authorities obtained a Hawker Hardy from the South African Air Force. Painted in Belgian colours, the machine was used for observation missions, but unfortunately overturned while landing at Gambela airfield on 26 May 1941, effectively writing off the aircraft. <dl><dt>Hardy I</dt> <dd>Two-seat general-purpose aircraft for the RAF, 47 built excluding one prototype modified from a Hart</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hind">Hind</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hind" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hind" title="Hawker Hind">Hawker Hind</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg/220px-HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2624" data-file-height="1601"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg/220px-HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg/330px-HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg/440px-HawkerHindShuttleworth2004.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hawker Hind, flying example in Shuttleworth Collection</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Hind_K5414_(Shuttleworth_Uncovered).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2308" data-file-height="1816"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 173px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="173" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg/330px-Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg/440px-Hawker_Hind_K5414_%28Shuttleworth_Uncovered%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hawker Hind (Afghan) flying at Old Warden</figcaption></figure> The Hawker Hind was a derivative of the Hart and was intended to replace it. The <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hector" title="Hawker Hector">Hawker Hector</a> was a variant of the Hind and was used in the army co-operation role. It saw only limited service during the Second World War with the Royal Air Force. Hectors were also sold to Ireland. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osprey">Osprey</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Osprey" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg/220px-HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4070" data-file-height="2571"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 139px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg/220px-HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="139" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg/330px-HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg/440px-HMS_Enterprise_1936_LOC_matpc_20251.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A Hawker Osprey IV on the catapult of the cruiser <a href="/wiki/HMS_Enterprise_(D52)" title="HMS Enterprise (D52)">HMS Enterprise</a> in 1936</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Osprey.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Hawker_Osprey.jpeg/220px-Hawker_Osprey.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="630"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 149px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Hawker_Osprey.jpeg/220px-Hawker_Osprey.jpeg" data-width="220" data-height="149" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Hawker_Osprey.jpeg/330px-Hawker_Osprey.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Hawker_Osprey.jpeg/440px-Hawker_Osprey.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A Swedish Osprey ready to launch from the cruiser <a href="/wiki/HSwMS_Gotland_(1933)" title="HSwMS Gotland (1933)">HSwMS Gotland</a></figcaption></figure> The Hawker Osprey was the navalised carrier-borne version of the Hart, performing in the fighter and reconnaissance roles. The Osprey had a single Rolls-Royce Kestrel II engine, and had a max speed of 168 mph (270 km/h). Its armament consisted of a single forward .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun and one .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun. The Osprey joined the <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Air_Arm" title="Fleet Air Arm">Fleet Air Arm</a> (FAA) in 1932, with 103 being built, and ended its career in 1944 after serving as a trainer for FAA pilots during the Second World War. By December 1936, Ospreys were being deployed by 701 Squadron based at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Kalafrana" title="RAF Kalafrana">RAF Kalafrana</a> in the anti-submarine and anti-piracy role. The Osprey was also sold to the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Swedish Air Force</a> being used on the <a href="/wiki/Seaplane_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaplane cruiser">seaplane cruiser</a> <a href="/wiki/HSwMS_Gotland_(1933)" title="HSwMS Gotland (1933)">HSwMS Gotland</a>, which carried six Ospreys. Ospreys were also sold to the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Naval_Aviation" title="Portuguese Naval Aviation">Portuguese Naval Aviation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republican_Air_Force" title="Spanish Republican Air Force">Spanish Republican Air Force</a>. <dl><dt>Osprey I</dt> <dd>Two-seat fleet spotter and reconnaissance aircraft, powered by a 630 hp (470 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel IIMS inline piston engine; 37 built.</dd> <dt>Osprey II</dt> <dd>Two-seat fleet spotter and reconnaissance aircraft, powered by a 630 hp (470 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel IIMS piston engine, equipped with redesigned floats; 14 built.</dd> <dt>Osprey III</dt> <dd>Two-seat fleet spotter and reconnaissance aircraft, powered by a 630 hp (470 kW) Rolls-Royce Kestrel IIMS piston engine, equipped with a dinghy stowed away in the starboard upper wing; 26 built.</dd> <dt>Osprey IV</dt> <dd>Two-seat fleet spotter and reconnaissance aircraft, powered by a 640 hp Rolls-Royce Kestrel V.<a href="#cite_note-Marriott2010p296-41">[39]</a> Twenty-six built in 1935.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p228-42">[40]</a></dd> <dt>Portuguese Osprey</dt> <dd>Two aircraft equivalent to Osprey III built for Portugal and powered by Kestrel IIMS piston engine. Delivered in 1935. Six aircraft more in 1939.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p228-42">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wixley_AE97_p63-43">[41]</a></dd> <dt>Spanish Osprey</dt> <dd>One aircraft fitted with a Hispano-Suiza 12Xbrs engine; one built for the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republican_Air_Force" title="Spanish Republican Air Force">Spanish Republican Air Force</a>.</dd> <dt>Swedish Osprey</dt> <dd>Version for Sweden fitted with a 600 horsepower (450 kW) Swedish-built <a href="/wiki/NOHAB" title="NOHAB">NOHAB</a> Bristol Mercury radial piston engine and interchangeable wheel and float landing gear. Six built. Given the designation S 9 by the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Swedish Air Force</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Wixley_AE97_p63-43">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-hybrid_p41-2-44">[42]</a></dd></dl> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Operators" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Operators_of_Hawker_Hart_and_variants" class="mw-redirect" title="Operators of Hawker Hart and variants">Operators of Hawker Hart and variants</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_operators_of_the_Hart.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/World_operators_of_the_Hart.png/360px-World_operators_of_the_Hart.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="186" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="701"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 360px;height: 186px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/World_operators_of_the_Hart.png/360px-World_operators_of_the_Hart.png" data-width="360" data-height="186" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/World_operators_of_the_Hart.png/540px-World_operators_of_the_Hart.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/World_operators_of_the_Hart.png/720px-World_operators_of_the_Hart.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hart, Audax, Demon, and Osprey operators</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="725"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg/330px-Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg/440px-Hawker_Hart_G-ABMR_CVT_19.06.54_edited-3.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hawker Aircraft's demonstrator Hart airworthy in 1954 painted in their dark blue house colours</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hawker_Hart">Hawker Hart</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hawker Hart" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281931%E2%80%931973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span 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data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Southern_Rhodesia_%281924%E2%80%931964%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> (one aircraft, ex-RAF K4316)</li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Congo_Free_State.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Congo" title="Belgian Congo">Belgian Congo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hawker_Hartebeest">Hawker Hartebeest</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Hawker Hartebeest" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hawker_Osprey">Hawker Osprey</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hawker Osprey" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Spanish Republic</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 14px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  United Kingdom</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Surviving_aircraft">Surviving aircraft</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Surviving aircraft" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="695"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 149px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg/220px-Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="149" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg/330px-Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg/440px-Hawker_Hart_II_RAF_Museum.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hawker Hart II G-ABMR, RAF Museum (2007)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawker_Demon_K8203_(Suttleworth_uncovered).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg/220px-Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg/220px-Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg/330px-Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg/440px-Hawker_Demon_K8203_%28Suttleworth_uncovered%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Demon I, Shuttleworth Collection</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Australia</dt></dl> <ul><li>A1-8 – Demon I on static display at the <a href="/wiki/RAAF_Museum" title="RAAF Museum">RAAF Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Point_Cook,_Victoria" title="Point Cook, Victoria">Point Cook, Victoria</a>. Delivered 1935, served with <a href="/wiki/No._3_Squadron_RAAF" title="No. 3 Squadron RAAF">No. 3 Squadron RAAF</a> until 1937 when it was wrecked in <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a> and reduced to components. Restored 1987 by 2AD in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_New_South_Wales" title="Richmond, New South Wales">Richmond, New South Wales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[44]</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Sweden</dt></dl> <ul><li>714 – B 4 on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force_Museum" title="Swedish Air Force Museum">Swedish Air Force Museum</a> near <a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping" title="Linköping">Linköping, Östergötland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>United Kingdom</dt></dl> <ul><li>G-ABMR – Hart II on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Museum_London" title="Royal Air Force Museum London">Royal Air Force Museum London</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. The 13th off the production line, it first flew in 1931 but never saw military use. Under the civilian registration G-ABMR, it was used by Hawker in various roles, including testbed, demonstration aircraft and a camera aircraft. It flew throughout the Second World War and continued flying until 1971. Still airworthy, it was then transferred to the RAF Museum, on loan from <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Siddeley" title="Hawker Siddeley">Hawker Siddeley</a>, Hawker Aircraft's successor company. It remains there, painted to represent RAF Hart serial number J9941.<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a></li> <li>K4972 – Hart Trainer on static display at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_Museum_Cosford" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Air Force Museum Cosford">Royal Air Force Museum Cosford</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cosford,_Shropshire" title="Cosford, Shropshire">Cosford, Shropshire</a>. Built in 1935 by Armstrong Whitworth, it flew as a training aircraft before being used as an instructional airframe. In 1943, it passed on to the <a href="/wiki/Air_Training_Corps" title="Air Training Corps">Air Training Corps</a> unit at Nelson Tomlinson School, <a href="/wiki/Wigton" title="Wigton">Wigton</a>, where it remained until recovered in 1962 by a group of aviation enthusiasts. They passed it on to the RAF Museum in 1962.<a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>United States</dt></dl> <ul><li>K8203 – Demon airworthy Previously Recently Sold From the <a href="/wiki/Shuttleworth_Collection" title="Shuttleworth Collection">Shuttleworth Collection</a> in <a href="/wiki/Old_Warden" title="Old Warden">Old Warden, Bedfordshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Specifications_Hart_(Kestrel_IB-powered_day_bomber)">Specifications Hart (Kestrel IB-powered day bomber)</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Specifications Hart (Kestrel IB-powered day bomber)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> Data from The British Bomber since 1914.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Bomber_p207-8">[8]</a>General characteristics <ul><li>Crew: 2</li> <li>Length: 29 ft 4 in (8.94 m)</li> <li>Wingspan: 37 ft 3 in (11.35 m)</li> <li>Height: 10 ft 5 in (3.18 m)</li> <li>Wing area: 349.5 sq ft (32.47 m2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">Airfoil</a>: RAF 28<a href="#cite_note-Jarrett_Jun95_p32-11">[10]</a></li> <li>Empty weight: 2,530 lb (1,148 kg)</li> <li>Max takeoff weight: 4,596 lb (2,085 kg)</li> <li>Fuel capacity: 83 imp gal (100 US gal; 380 L)<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p170-5">[5]</a></li> <li>Powerplant: 1 × <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Kestrel" title="Rolls-Royce Kestrel">Rolls-Royce Kestrel</a> IB water-cooled <a href="/wiki/V12_engine" title="V12 engine">V12 engine</a>, 525 hp (391 kW)</li></ul> Performance <ul><li>Maximum speed: 185 mph (298 km/h, 161 kn) at 13,000 ft (4,000 m)</li> <li>Stall speed: 45 mph (72 km/h, 39 kn) <a href="#cite_note-ferry_pilots_notes-53">[51]</a></li> <li>Range: 430 mi (690 km, 370 nmi)</li> <li>Service ceiling: 22,800 ft (6,900 m)</li> <li>Time to altitude: 8 min 30 s to 10,000 ft (3,000 m)</li></ul> Armament <ul><li>Guns: 1 × synchronised forward firing <a href="/wiki/.303_British" title=".303 British">.303 in</a> (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Vickers_machine_gun" title="Vickers machine gun">Vickers machine gun</a>, 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm) <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis Gun">Lewis Gun</a> on <a href="/wiki/Scarff_ring" title="Scarff ring">Scarff ring</a> in rear cockpit.</li> <li>Bombs: Up to 520 lb (240 kg) bombs under wings<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p170-5">[5]</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> Related development <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Hind" title="Hawker Hind">Hawker Hind</a></li></ul> Related lists <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_World_War_II" title="List of aircraft of World War II">List of aircraft of World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_the_Spanish_Republican_Air_Force" title="List of aircraft of the Spanish Republican Air Force">List of aircraft of the Spanish Republican Air Force</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> This excludes the six Hart Fighters, later re-designated Demon, but includes the prototype Audax, Osprey, Demon and Hardy, which were converted Harts.<a href="#cite_note-Mason_Bomber_p207-8">[8]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Bjuggren claims that he got this idea from watching a Hollywood movie with dive bombers. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Citations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> Lewis 1974, p. 146. </li> <li id="cite_note-Jarret_May95_p13-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Jarret_May95_p13_2-0">^</a> Jarrett Aeroplane Monthly May 1995, p. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-Fairey_p196-3"><a href="#cite_ref-Fairey_p196_3-0">^</a> Taylor 1974, p. 196. </li> <li id="cite_note-Jarrett_Jun95_p30-2-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Jarrett_Jun95_p30-2_4-0">^</a> Jarrett Aeroplane Monthly June 1995, pp. 30–32. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p170-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p170_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p170_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p170_5-2">c</a> Mason 1991, p. 170. </li> <li id="cite_note-Jarrett_May95_p14-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jarrett_May95_p14_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jarrett_May95_p14_6-1">b</a> Jarrett Aeroplane Monthly May 1995, p. 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Bomber_p205-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Bomber_p205_7-0">^</a> Mason 1994, p. 205. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Bomber_p207-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Bomber_p207_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Bomber_p207_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Bomber_p207_8-2">c</a> Mason 1994, p. 207. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Lewis 1974, pp. 176, 233. </li> <li id="cite_note-Jarrett_Jun95_p32-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jarrett_Jun95_p32_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jarrett_Jun95_p32_11-1">b</a> Jarrett Aeroplane Monthly June 1995, p. 32. </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Lewis 1974, p. 176. </li> <li id="cite_note-aeroflight.co.uk-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aeroflight.co.uk_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-aeroflight.co.uk_13-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/aircraft/types/hawker-hart.htm">"Hawker Hart."</a> aeroflight.co. Retrieved: 4 December 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Thetford_July95_p51-14"><a href="#cite_ref-Thetford_July95_p51_14-0">^</a> Thetford Aeroplane Monthly July 1995, p. 51. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Lewis 1974, p. 233. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Bjuggren, Björn (1965). Attack: minnen från trettiofem års flygtjänst (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> Lewis 1974, p. 224. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p488-19"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p488_19-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 488. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p492-20"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p492_20-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 492. </li> <li id="cite_note-Jarrett_May95_p15-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Jarrett_May95_p15_21-0">^</a> Jarrett Aeroplane Monthly May 1995, p. 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p,490,494-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p,490,494_22-0">^</a> Mason 1991, pp. 490, 494. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p160-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p160_23-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 160. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p161-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p161_24-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 161. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p489-25"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p489_25-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 489. </li> <li id="cite_note-Wixey_AE97_p57-8-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Wixey_AE97_p57-8_26-0">^</a> Wixey Air Enthusiast January/February 2002, pp. 57–58. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p159-27"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p159_27-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 159. </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Mason 1991, pp. 166–170. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p165-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p165_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p165_29-1">b</a> Mason 1991, p. 165. </li> <li id="cite_note-Wixey_AE96_p28-9-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wixey_AE96_p28-9_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wixey_AE96_p28-9_30-1">b</a> Wixey Air Enthusiast November/December 2001, pp. 28–29. </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_31-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_31-3">d</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSmith2014" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Peter (2014). Combat Biplanes of World War II. United Kingdom: Pen & Sword. p. 501. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1783400546" title="Special:BookSources/978-1783400546"><bdi>978-1783400546</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Combat+Biplanes+of+World+War+II&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=501&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1783400546&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.211squadron.org/audax___hind.html">"Hawker Audax and Hawker Hind."</a> 211squadron.org. 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London: Hodder & Stoughton, 20055. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-34083-813-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-34083-813-6">978-0-34083-813-6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32804842">"MOTORING"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_West_Australian" title="The West Australian">The West Australian</a>. Perth: National Library of Australia. 8 November 1934. p. 7. Retrieved 16 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+West+Australian&rft.atitle=MOTORING.&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1934-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article32804842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thetford_July95_p56-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Thetford_July95_p56_36-0">^</a> Thetford Aeroplane Monthly July 1995, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Fighter_p234-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Fighter_p234_37-0">^</a> Mason 1992, p. 234. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p219-38"><a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p219_38-0">^</a> Mason 1991, p. 219. </li> <li id="cite_note-am1091p588-39"><a href="#cite_ref-am1091p588_39-0">^</a> Lumsden Aeroplane Monthly October 1991, p. 588 </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_hawker_demon.html">"Hawker Demon"</a>. www.historyofwar.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.historyofwar.org&rft.atitle=Hawker+Demon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyofwar.org%2Farticles%2Fweapons_hawker_demon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marriott2010p296-41"><a href="#cite_ref-Marriott2010p296_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMarriott2010">Marriott 2010</a>, p. 296. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mason_Hawker_p228-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p228_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mason_Hawker_p228_42-1">b</a> Mason 1991, p. 228. </li> <li id="cite_note-Wixley_AE97_p63-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wixley_AE97_p63_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wixley_AE97_p63_43-1">b</a> Wixley Air Enthusiast January/February 2002, p. 63. </li> <li id="cite_note-hybrid_p41-2-44"><a href="#cite_ref-hybrid_p41-2_44-0">^</a> Layman and McLaughlin 1991, pp. 41–42. </li> <li id="cite_note-MalovanyAF-45"><a href="#cite_ref-MalovanyAF_45-0">^</a> Pesach Malovany, "Wars of Modern Babylon", University Press of Kentucky, June 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0813169437" title="Special:BookSources/0813169437">0813169437</a> / <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0813169439" title="Special:BookSources/978-0813169439">978-0813169439</a>, fn. 2, p.813. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuinessCrickCowan2017" class="citation web cs1">McGuiness, Paul; Crick, Darren; Cowan, Brendan (29 November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171209044331/http://www.adf-serials.com.au/2a1.htm">"RAAF A1 Hawker Demon Mk.I & Mk.II"</a>. 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Retrieved 24 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flygvapenmuseum&rft.atitle=B+4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flygvapenmuseum.se%2Fsamlingar%2Fflygplan%2Fflygvapenmuseum-linkoping%2Fb-4---hawker-hart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/collections/hawker-hart-ii">"Hawker Hart II"</a>. Royal Air Force Museum. 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Retrieved 24 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Air+Force+Museum&rft.atitle=INDIVIDUAL+HISTORY+%5BG-ABMR%5D&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rafmuseum.org.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fcollections%2F74-A-29-Hawker-Hart-II-G-ABMR.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/collections/hawker-hart-trainer">"Hawker Hart Trainer"</a>. Royal Air Force Museum. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Air+Force+Museum&rft.atitle=Hawker+Hart+Trainer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rafmuseum.org.uk%2Fresearch%2Fcollections%2Fhawker-hart-trainer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson2012" class="citation web cs1">Simpson, Andrew (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/documents/collections/71-A-1415-Hawker-Hart-Trainer-K4972.pdf">"INDIVIDUAL HISTORY [K4972]"</a> (PDF). Royal Air Force Museum. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Air+Force+Museum&rft.atitle=INDIVIDUAL+HISTORY+%5BK4972%5D&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rafmuseum.org.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fcollections%2F71-A-1415-Hawker-Hart-Trainer-K4972.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shuttleworth.org/collection/hawkerdemon">"HAWKER DEMON"</a>. Shuttleworth. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shuttleworth&rft.atitle=HAWKER+DEMON&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shuttleworth.org%2Fcollection%2Fhawkerdemon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ferry_pilots_notes-53"><a href="#cite_ref-ferry_pilots_notes_53-0">^</a> "Hawker Hart". Air Transport Auxiliary Ferry Pilots Notes. (reproduction). Elvington, York, UK: Yorkshire Air Museum, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9512379-8-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-9512379-8-5">0-9512379-8-5</a>. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersson2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andersson, Lennart (June 2003). "Le Hawker Hart en Suède: pas si neutres que ça!" [The Hawker Hart in Sweden: Not so Neutral!]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (123): 4–9. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1243-8650">1243-8650</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avions%3A+Toute+l%27a%C3%A9ronautique+et+son+histoire&rft.atitle=Le+Hawker+Hart+en+Su%C3%A8de%3A+pas+si+neutres+que+%C3%A7a%21&rft.issue=123&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E4-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.date=2003-06&rft.issn=1243-8650&rft.aulast=Andersson&rft.aufirst=Lennart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersson2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andersson, Lennart (August 2003). "Le Hawker Hart en Suède (fin)" [The Hawker Hart in Sweden (Last Part)]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (125): 24–33. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1243-8650">1243-8650</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avions%3A+Toute+l%27a%C3%A9ronautique+et+son+histoire&rft.atitle=Le+Hawker+Hart+en+Su%C3%A8de+%28fin%29&rft.issue=125&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E24-%3C%2Fspan%3E33&rft.date=2003-08&rft.issn=1243-8650&rft.aulast=Andersson&rft.aufirst=Lennart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersson1998" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andersson, Lennart (July 1998). "Histoire de l'aéronautique persane, 1921–1941: La première aviation du Chah d'Iran" [History of the Persian Air Force, 1921–1941: The First Aircraft of the Shah of Iran]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (76): 2–12. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1243-8650">1243-8650</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Avions%3A+Toute+l%27a%C3%A9ronautique+et+son+histoire&rft.atitle=Histoire+de+l%27a%C3%A9ronautique+persane%2C+1921%E2%80%931941%3A+La+premi%C3%A8re+aviation+du+Chah+d%27Iran&rft.issue=76&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2-%3C%2Fspan%3E12&rft.date=1998-07&rft.issn=1243-8650&rft.aulast=Andersson&rft.aufirst=Lennart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersson2001" class="citation journal cs1">Andersson, Lennart (March–April 2001). "Round-Out: Aeroflot Audaxes". Air Enthusiast (92): 79. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Enthusiast&rft.atitle=Round-Out%3A+Aeroflot+Audaxes&rft.issue=92&rft.pages=79&rft.date=2001-03%2F2001-04&rft.issn=0143-5450&rft.aulast=Andersson&rft.aufirst=Lennart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawker+Hart" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Crawford, Alex. Hawker Hart Family. Redbourn, Hertfordshire, UK: Mushroom Model Publications Ltd., 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/83-89450-62-3" title="Special:BookSources/83-89450-62-3">83-89450-62-3</a>.</li> <li>Gerdessen, Frederik. "Estonian Air Power 1918 – 1945". <a href="/wiki/Air_Enthusiast" title="Air Enthusiast">Air Enthusiast</a>, No. 18, April – July 1982. pp. 61–76. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0143-5450">0143-5450</a>.</li> <li>Goulding, James and Robert Jones. Gladiator, Gauntlet, Fury, Demon (Camouflage & Markings 5: RAF Fighter Command Northern Europe, 1936 to 1945). London: Ducimus Books Ltd., 1971. OCLC 872045486</li> <li>Hannah, Donald. Hawker FlyPast Reference Library. Stamford, Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing Ltd., 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-946219-01-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-946219-01-X">0-946219-01-X</a>.</li> <li>James, Derek N. Hawker: An Aircraft Album No. 5. New York: Arco Publishing Company, 1973. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-668-02699-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-668-02699-5">0-668-02699-5</a> (first published in the UK by Ian Allan in 1972).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Jarrett" title="Philip Jarrett">Jarrett, Philip</a>. "By Day and by Night: Hawker Harts and Hinds: Part One". <a href="/wiki/Aeroplane_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeroplane Monthly">Aeroplane Monthly</a>, May 1995, Vol. 23 No. 5, Issue No 265, pp. 12–18. London: IPC. ISSN 0143-7240.</li> <li>Jarrett, Philip. "By Day and by Night: Hawker Harts and Hinds: Part Two". Aeroplane Monthly, June 1995, Vol. 23 No. 6, Issue No 266, pp. 28–33. London: IPC. ISSN 0143-7240.</li> <li>Layman, R. D. and Stephen McLaughlin. The Hybrid Warship: The Amalgamation of Big Guns and Aircraft. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-555-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-555-1">0-85177-555-1</a>.</li> <li>Lewis, Peter. The British Bomber since 1914 Sixty Years of Design and Development. London: Putnam, 1974. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-370-10040-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-370-10040-9">0-370-10040-9</a>.</li> <li>Lumsden, Alec. "On Silver Wings – Part 13". Aeroplane Monthly, October 1991, Vol. 19 No. 10. pp. 586–590. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0143-7240">0143-7240</a>.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFMarriott2010">Marriott, L. Battleships. Sywell, Northamptonshire, UK: Igloo Books, 2010. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85734-421-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85734-421-2">978-0-85734-421-2</a>.</cite></li> <li>Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber Since 1914. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-861-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-861-5">0-85177-861-5</a>.</li> <li>Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter since 1912. Annapolis, Maryland, USA:Naval Institute Press, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-082-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-082-7">1-55750-082-7</a>.</li> <li>Mason, Francis K. Hawker Aircraft since 1920. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85177-839-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-85177-839-9">0-85177-839-9</a>.</li> <li>Mason, Francis K. The Hawker Audax & Hardy (Aircraft in Profile 140). Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications, 1966. OCLC 45091982</li> <li>Rimell, Raymond Laurence. The Hart Family: Hawker Hart and Derivatives (Aeroguide Classics Number 5). Chipping Ongar, Essex, UK: Linewrights Ltd., 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-946958-34-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-946958-34-3">0-946958-34-3</a>.</li> <li>Taylor, H. A. Fairey Aircraft since 1915. London: Putnam, 1974. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-370-00065-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-370-00065-X">0-370-00065-X</a>.</li> <li>Thetford, Owen. "By Day and by Night: Hawker Hart and Hind": Operational History Part One. Aeroplane Monthly, July 1995, Vol. 24 No. 1, Issue No 267, pp. 50–57. London: IPC. ISSN 0143-7240.</li> <li>Thetford, Owen. "On silver wings – Part 14". Aeroplane Monthly, November 1991, Vol. 19, No. 11, pp. 650–655, 661. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0143-7240">0143-7240</a>.</li> <li>Wixey, Ken. "Hart of the Matter: Part One – Hawker's Hart 'Family': The Hart Bomber and the Army Co-Op Audax". <a href="/wiki/Air_Enthusiast" title="Air Enthusiast">Air Enthusiast</a>, No 96, November/December 2001, pp. 24–33. Stamford UK:Key Publishing. ISSN 0143-5450</li> <li>Wixey, Ken. "Hart of the Matter: Part Two- Hawker's Hart 'Family': Demon, Hart Special, Trainer, Osprey, Hardy". Air Enthusiast, No 97, January/February 2002, pp. 54–65. Stamford UK:Key Publishing. ISSN 0143-5450</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&oldid=1274513687">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&oldid=1274513687</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Hawker_Hart&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 7 February 2025, at 19:35 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="هوكر هارت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هوكر هارت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="هاوکر هارت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هاوکر هارت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98" title="הוקר הארט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוקר הארט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC_%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" title="ホーカーハート – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホーカーハート" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Хокер харт – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хокер харт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Hart" title="Hawker Hart – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hawker Hart" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page 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