CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>無線通訊 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"e2f148ab-bd82-4f24-861c-c7623f7cd3e3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"無線通訊","wgTitle":"無線通訊","wgCurRevisionId":82759330,"wgRevisionId":82759330,"wgArticleId":3937425,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["引文格式1错误：外部链接","自2024年11月带有失效链接的条目","Webarchive模板wayback链接","包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目","包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目","包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目","包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目","无线网络","无线通信","電視術語"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext", "wgRelevantPageName":"無線通訊","wgRelevantArticleId":3937425,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q249","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList", "mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0" ,"ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="799"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="532"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="426"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="無線通訊 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-無線通訊 rootpage-無線通訊 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-歷史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关歷史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-光電話" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#光電話"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>光電話</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-光電話-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-早期工作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早期工作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>早期工作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早期工作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線電" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線電"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>無線電</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線電-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-模式" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#模式"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>模式</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-模式-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关模式子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-模式-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-無線電_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線電_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>無線電</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線電_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-自由空間光通信" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#自由空間光通信"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>自由空間光通信</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-自由空間光通信-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-聲通訊" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#聲通訊"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>聲通訊</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-聲通訊-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電磁感應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電磁感應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>電磁感應</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電磁感應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線網路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線網路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>無線網路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線網路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電磁波頻譜" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電磁波頻譜"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>電磁波頻譜</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電磁波頻譜-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線通訊技術的應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線通訊技術的應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>無線通訊技術的應用</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-無線通訊技術的應用-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关無線通訊技術的應用子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-無線通訊技術的應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-行動電話" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#行動電話"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>行動電話</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-行動電話-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線資料傳輸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線資料傳輸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>無線資料傳輸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線資料傳輸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線供電" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線供電"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>無線供電</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線供電-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線醫療技術" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線醫療技術"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>無線醫療技術</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線醫療技術-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電腦介面設備" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電腦介面設備"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>電腦介面設備</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電腦介面設備-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">無線通訊</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。55种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A" title="اتصال لاسلكي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اتصال لاسلكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simsiz_rabit%C9%99" title="Simsiz rabitə – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Simsiz rabitə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Безжична комуникация – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Безжична комуникация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="वायरलेस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="वायरलेस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8" title="ওয়্যারলেস – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওয়্যারলেস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense_fil" title="Sense fil – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sense fil" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezdr%C3%A1tov%C3%A1_komunikace" title="Bezdrátová komunikace – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bezdrátová komunikace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A5dl%C3%B8s_kommunikation" title="Trådløs kommunikation – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Trådløs kommunikation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabellose_%C3%9Cbertragungsverfahren" title="Kabellose Übertragungsverfahren – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kabellose Übertragungsverfahren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ασύρματος – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ασύρματος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wireless" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunicaci%C3%B3n_inal%C3%A1mbrica" title="Comunicación inalámbrica – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comunicación inalámbrica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haririk_gabeko_komunikazio" title="Haririk gabeko komunikazio – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Haririk gabeko komunikazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بی‌سیم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بی‌سیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langaton_tekniikka" title="Langaton tekniikka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Langaton tekniikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_sans_fil" title="Transmission sans fil – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Transmission sans fil" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen_f%C3%ADos" title="Sen fíos – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sen fíos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תקשורת אלחוטית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תקשורת אלחוטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="बेतार – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बेतार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%AC%D5%A1%D6%80_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA" title="Անլար կապ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անլար կապ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirkabel" title="Nirkabel – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nirkabel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%A1%C3%B0laus_samskipti" title="Þráðlaus samskipti – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þráðlaus samskipti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wireless" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="無線通信 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="無線通信" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="უსადენო ტექნოლოგიები – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უსადენო ტექნოლოგიები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4" title="ತಂತಿರಹಿತ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತಂತಿರಹಿತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EC%84%A0_%ED%86%B5%EC%8B%A0" title="무선 통신 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무선 통신" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezvadu_sakari" title="Bezvadu sakari – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bezvadu sakari" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antso" title="Antso – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Antso" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirkabel" title="Nirkabel – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Nirkabel" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Безжична комуникација – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Безжична комуникација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Утасгүй технологи – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Утасгүй технологи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="बिनतारी – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बिनतारी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayarles" title="Wayarles – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wayarles" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quemunica%C3%A7on_sin_filo" title="Quemunicaçon sin filo – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Quemunicaçon sin filo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B7%E1%80%86%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="ကြိုးမဲ့ဆက်သွယ်ရေး – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြိုးမဲ့ဆက်သွယ်ရေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draadloze_communicatie" title="Draadloze communicatie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Draadloze communicatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunica%C3%A7%C3%B5es_sem_fio" title="Comunicações sem fio – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunicações sem fio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocomunica%C8%9Bie" title="Radiocomunicație – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Radiocomunicație" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Беспроводные технологии – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Беспроводные технологии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wireless" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezdr%C3%B4tov%C3%A1_komunik%C3%A1cia" title="Bezdrôtová komunikácia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bezdrôtová komunikácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brez%C5%BEi%C4%8Dni_prenos_podatkov" title="Brezžični prenos podatkov – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brezžični prenos podatkov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunikimi_pa_tela" title="Komunikimi pa tela – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komunikimi pa tela" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="கம்பியற்ற தகவல்தொடர்பு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கம்பியற்ற தகவல்தொடர்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="వైర్‌లెస్ – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వైర్‌లెస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="การสื่อสารไร้สาย – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การสื่อสารไร้สาย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wireless" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kablosuz_ileti%C5%9Fim" title="Kablosuz iletişim – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kablosuz iletişim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%97" title="Бездротові технології – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бездротові технології" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="لاسلکی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لاسلکی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Wireless" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" title="无线通讯 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="无线通讯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ურსინე ტექნოლოგიეფი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ურსინე ტექნოლოგიეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="無線通訊 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="無線通訊" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q249#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&oldid=82759330" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&id=82759330&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%2584%25A1%25E7%25B7%259A%25E9%2580%259A%25E8%25A8%258A"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%2584%25A1%25E7%25B7%259A%25E9%2580%259A%25E8%25A8%258A"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wireless" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q249" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-1e845fc1" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="无线电通讯">无线电通讯</a></b>。</div> <div class="infobox" style="max-width:300px;float:right;padding:0 0.4em;border:1px solid #aaa;margin:0 0 0.4em 0.4em"><div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:0.5em 0;margin:0.5em 0;font-size:120%">无线通信</div><div><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Photophony1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg/300px-Photophony1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg/450px-Photophony1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="384" /></a></span></div><table style="text-align:left;word-break:break-word;table-layout:fixed;width:100%;font-size:90%"><caption style="background-color:#f5f5f5;font-weight:bold;margin-top:0.2em"><span><span>研究领域</span>、<span><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF" title="学术">學科</a></span></span></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row">上级分类</th><td><span><span><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信">电信</a></span>、<span><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="通信工程">通信工程</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#P279" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">发现或发明时间</th><td><span><span>1895</span></span> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#P575" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">主题历史</th><td><span><span>Q11874572</span></span> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#P2184" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">使用</th><td><span><span><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2" title="电磁波">電磁波</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#P2283" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">相對概念</th><td><span><span>有線通訊</span></span> <span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#P461" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/18px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div id="noteTA-1e845fc1" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Communication"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MBITR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/MBITR.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>軍用手持無線電通話器</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84913072">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:100%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccccff; border-bottom:2px solid #fafafa;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD" title="基础设施">公共設施</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg/230px-Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg/345px-Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg/460px-Grand_Coulee_Dam_spillway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;background:#ddddff;"> 公共建築及設施</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="機場">機場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B" title="橋">橋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%AC%E9%A0%BB" title="寬頻">寬頻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3" title="运河">运河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%AE%A1%E7%B7%9A" title="維生管線">維生管線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%9D%9D" title="水坝">水坝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB" title="發電">電能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91" class="mw-redirect" title="能源开发">能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E5%AE%B3%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE" title="有害垃圾">有害廢料處理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E9%99%A2" title="醫院">醫院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%A4" title="堤">堤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94" title="灯塔">灯塔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="公園">公園</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A3" title="港口">港口</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="公共交通">公共交通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%88%BF%E5%B1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="公共房屋">公共房屋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="公立學校">公立學校</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="公共空間">公共空間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8" title="鐵路運輸">鐵路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="道路">道路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BA%E9%AB%94%E5%BB%A2%E7%89%A9" title="都市固體廢物">固體廢物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信">电信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%8B%E4%B8%9A" title="公用事业">公用事业</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="水管理">水管理</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9B%E6%B0%B4%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="供水系統">供水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%B0%B4" title="排水">排水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4%E9%81%93" title="下水道">下水道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A1%E6%B0%B4%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" title="污水處理">污水處理</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;background:#ddddff;"> 概念</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共建設資產管理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Infrastructure Asset Management"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%BB%BA%E8%A8%AD%E8%B3%87%E7%94%A2%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共建設資產管理（页面不存在）">資產管理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_Asset_Management" class="extiw" title="en:Infrastructure Asset Management"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Infrastructure Asset Management</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="政府撥款" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Appropriation (law)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E6%92%A5%E6%AC%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政府撥款（页面不存在）">撥款</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriation_(law)" class="extiw" title="en:Appropriation (law)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Appropriation (law)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="林達爾均衡模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lindahl tax"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9E%97%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="林達爾均衡模型（页面不存在）">林達爾稅</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindahl_tax" class="extiw" title="en:Lindahl tax"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lindahl tax</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOT%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="BOT模式">BOT模式</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1-%E5%BB%BA%E9%80%A0" title="设计-建造">设计-建造</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%92%A5%E6%AC%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="立法機構直接撥款">直接撥款</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%AE%9A%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="固定成本">固定成本</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%90%88%E7%B4%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="工程合約（页面不存在）">工程合約</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E6%80%A7" title="外部性">外部性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%80%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="公债">公债</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A9%95%E4%BC%B0" title="生命週期評估">生命週期評估</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="維護、維修和運營" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Maintenance, repair, and operations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E8%AD%B7%E3%80%81%E7%B6%AD%E4%BF%AE%E5%92%8C%E9%81%8B%E7%87%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維護、維修和運營（页面不存在）">維修</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maintenance,_repair,_and_operations" class="extiw" title="en:Maintenance, repair, and operations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Maintenance, repair, and operations</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="自然垄断">自然垄断</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E6%A5%AD%E7%A8%85" title="物業稅">物業稅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%A7%81%E7%87%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="公共私營合作制">公私營合作</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共投資" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public capital"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%8A%95%E8%B3%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共投資（页面不存在）">投資</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_capital" class="extiw" title="en:Public capital"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public capital</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%B2%A1%E6%94%BF" title="公共財政">財政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%89%A9%E5%93%81" title="公共物品">資產</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%83%A8%E9%97%A8" title="公共部门">公共部门</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E5%BB%BA" title="整建">整建</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E7%B4%9A" title="升級">改善（提升）</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="溢出效應" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spillover effect"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%A2%E5%87%BA%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溢出效應（页面不存在）">溢出效應</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spillover_effect" class="extiw" title="en:Spillover effect"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spillover effect</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9B%E5%BA%94%E9%93%BE" title="供应链">供应链</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%85" title="稅">稅收</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;background:#ddddff;"> 問題和解決方案</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6" title="航空交通管制">航空交通管制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%95%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="棕地">棕地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E8%B6%B3%E5%8D%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="碳足印">碳足印</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="貨櫃運輸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Containerization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%A8%E6%AB%83%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="貨櫃運輸（页面不存在）">貨櫃運輸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Containerization" class="extiw" title="en:Containerization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Containerization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="交通擠塞收費" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Congestion pricing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E6%93%A0%E5%A1%9E%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="交通擠塞收費（页面不存在）">交通擠塞收費</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congestion_pricing" class="extiw" title="en:Congestion pricing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Congestion pricing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87" title="乙醇">乙醇燃料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%B2%B9%E7%A8%85" title="燃油稅">燃油稅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="地下水">地下水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="高速鐵路">高速鐵路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E8%BB%8A%E8%BC%9B" title="混合動力車輛">混合動力車輛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土地規劃" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land-use planning"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%A6%8F%E5%8A%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土地規劃（页面不存在）">土地規劃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land-use_planning" class="extiw" title="en:Land-use planning"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land-use planning</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="移动数据终端" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mobile data terminal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%88%E7%AB%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="移动数据终端（页面不存在）">移动数据终端</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_data_terminal" class="extiw" title="en:Mobile data terminal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mobile data terminal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%88%86%E8%82%A5" title="政治分肥">政治分肥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%A3%AB%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="巴士快速交通系统">巴士系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6" title="資源回收">資源回收</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="可再生資源">可再生資源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E6%BB%B2%E9%80%8F" title="逆滲透">逆滲透</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2" title="智慧電網">智慧電網</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%99%BA%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC" title="明智開發">明智開發</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="暴風雨水" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stormwater"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9A%B4%E9%A2%A8%E9%9B%A8%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="暴風雨水（页面不存在）">暴風雨水</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormwater" class="extiw" title="en:Stormwater"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stormwater</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%94%93%E5%BB%B6" title="城市蔓延">城市蔓延</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%A0%B5%E5%A1%9E" title="交通堵塞">交通堵塞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOD%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="TOD开发模式">TOD开发模式</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="汽車效能" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vehicle efficiency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A%E6%95%88%E8%83%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="汽車效能（页面不存在）">汽車效能</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_efficiency" class="extiw" title="en:Vehicle efficiency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vehicle efficiency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="垃圾轉化能源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Waste-to-energy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E8%BD%89%E5%8C%96%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="垃圾轉化能源（页面不存在）">垃圾轉化能源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste-to-energy" class="extiw" title="en:Waste-to-energy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Waste-to-energy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="極端天氣預防" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Weatherization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A5%B5%E7%AB%AF%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%A3%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="極端天氣預防（页面不存在）">極端天氣預防</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatherization" class="extiw" title="en:Weatherization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Weatherization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">無線通訊</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;background:#ddddff;"> 研究領域</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="建筑">建筑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="土木工程">土木工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="電機工程">電機工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="机械工程">机械工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="公共經濟學">公共經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="公共政策">公共政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92" title="城市规划">城市规划</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; padding:0.2em 0; text-align:center;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">實例</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align: center;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%9F%B3%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%A1%A5" title="明石海峡大桥">明石海峡大桥</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%B1%E8%B2%AB%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E7%AE%A1%E9%81%93" title="縱貫阿拉斯加管道">縱貫阿拉斯加管道</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="德國高速公路">德國高速公路</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴西能源政策" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Energy policy of Brazil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴西能源政策（页面不存在）">巴西能源独立</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Brazil" class="extiw" title="en:Energy policy of Brazil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Energy policy of Brazil</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E5%A4%A7%E6%A9%8B" title="布魯克林大橋">布魯克林大橋</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%B3%95%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%95%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93" title="英法海底隧道">英法海底隧道</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="芝加哥污水回收系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%93%A5%E6%B1%A1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="芝加哥污水回收系統（页面不存在）">芝加哥污水回收系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Water_Reclamation_District_of_Greater_Chicago" class="extiw" title="en:Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="中华人民共和国高速铁路">中国高速铁路</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴西RIT巴士系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rede Integrada de Transporte"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BFRIT%E5%B7%B4%E5%A3%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴西RIT巴士系統（页面不存在）">巴西RIT巴士系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede_Integrada_de_Transporte" class="extiw" title="en:Rede Integrada de Transporte"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rede Integrada de Transporte</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="丹麥的風力發電" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wind power in Denmark"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E7%9A%84%E9%A2%A8%E5%8A%9B%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丹麥的風力發電（页面不存在）">丹麥的風力發電</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_Denmark" class="extiw" title="en:Wind power in Denmark"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wind power in Denmark</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="英國的離岸風力發電場" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%9B%A2%E5%B2%B8%E9%A2%A8%E5%8A%9B%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國的離岸風力發電場（页面不存在）">英國的離岸風力發電場</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_offshore_wind_farms_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="法国核能利用情况">法国核能利用情况</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="德國太陽能使用情況" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Solar power in Germany"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%83%85%E6%B3%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德國太陽能使用情況（页面不存在）">德國太陽能使用情況</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_Germany" class="extiw" title="en:Solar power in Germany"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Solar power in Germany</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%B0%B4%E5%A3%A9" title="胡佛水壩">胡佛水壩</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="香港國際機場">香港國際機場</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E9%9A%9B%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A" title="城際快車">城际特快列车</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E%E9%9A%9B%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="州際公路系統">州際公路系統</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信實石油#賈姆訥格爾煉油廠" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reliance Petroleum#Jamnagar Refinery"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E5%AF%A6%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信實石油（页面不存在）">印度賈姆訥格爾煉油廠</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliance_Petroleum#Jamnagar_Refinery" class="extiw" title="en:Reliance Petroleum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reliance Petroleum#Jamnagar Refinery</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="关西国际机场">关西国际机场</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3" title="巴拿马运河">巴拿马运河</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E6%B8%AF" title="上海港">上海港</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1-%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E6%B5%B7%E7%81%A3%E5%A4%A7%E6%A9%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="舊金山-奧克蘭海灣大橋">舊金山海灣大橋</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E4%B8%89%E5%B3%A1%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E6%9E%A2%E7%BA%BD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="长江三峡水利枢纽工程">三峽大壩</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%B9%E7%B7%9A" title="新幹線">新幹線</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%90%B5%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="西班牙高速鐵道">西班牙高速鐵道</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6" title="法国高速列车">法国高速列车</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西班牙高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highways in Spain"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西班牙高速公路（页面不存在）">西班牙高速公路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Spain" class="extiw" title="en:Highways in Spain"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highways in Spain</span></a></span>）</span></span> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E6%B4%B2%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="越洲鐵路">越洲鐵路</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1#架空輸電線路" title="輸電系統">美國輸電系統</a> </li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddf;padding-bottom:0.25em;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Portal:公共設施" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Portal:Infrastructure"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:公共設施（页面不存在）">公共設施主題</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Infrastructure" class="extiw" title="en:Portal:Infrastructure"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Portal:Infrastructure</span></a></span>）</span></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_Infrastructure" title="Template:Public Infrastructure"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_Infrastructure" title="Template talk:Public Infrastructure"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Public_Infrastructure" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Public Infrastructure"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>無線通訊</b>是指多個節點間不經由導體或纜線傳播進行的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="電信">遠距離傳輸</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="通訊">通訊</a>，<sup id="cite_ref-FS1037C_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS1037C-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 利用<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E9%9F%B3%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="收音機">收音機</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電">無線電</a>等都可以進行無線通訊。相對概念為<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有線通訊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wired communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有線通訊（页面不存在）">有線通訊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_communication" class="extiw" title="en:Wired communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wired communication</span></a></span>）</span></span>。 </p><p>無線通訊包括各種固定式、移动式和便携式应用，例如<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雙向無線電" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="two-way radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%99%E5%90%91%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雙向無線電（页面不存在）">雙向無線電</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/two-way_radio" class="extiw" title="en:two-way radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">two-way radio</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="移动电话">手機</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E5%8A%A9%E7%90%86" title="个人数码助理">个人数码助理</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="無線網路">無線網路</a>。其他无线电無線通訊的例子還有<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="全球定位系統">GPS</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="車庫門遙控器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Garage door opener"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8A%E5%BA%AB%E9%96%80%E9%81%99%E6%8E%A7%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="車庫門遙控器（页面不存在）">車庫門遙控器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garage_door_opener" class="extiw" title="en:Garage door opener"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Garage door opener</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E6%BB%91%E9%BC%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="無線滑鼠">無線滑鼠</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>大部份無線通訊技術會用到<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="无线电">无线电</a>，包括距離只到數公尺的<a href="/wiki/Wi-fi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wi-fi">Wi-fi</a>，也包括和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="旅行者一号">航海家1號</a>通訊、距離超過數百萬公里的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E7%A9%BA%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="深空網路">深空網路</a>。但有些無線通訊的技術不使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="无线电">无线电</a>頻段，而是使用其他的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="電磁波">電磁波</a>無線技術，例如光、磁場、電場等波段。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="光電話"><span id=".E5.85.89.E9.9B.BB.E8.A9.B1"></span>光電話</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：光電話"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photophony1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg/220px-Photophony1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg/330px-Photophony1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Photophony1.jpg/440px-Photophony1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>贝尔和天特在1880年發明的光電話</figcaption></figure> <p>世界上第一次無線電話對話出現在1880年，當時使用的是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光電話" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="photophone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="光電話（页面不存在）">光電話</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/photophone" class="extiw" title="en:photophone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">photophone</span></a></span>）</span></span>，由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%B1%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔">亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔</a>及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="查尔斯·萨姆纳·天特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Charles Sumner Tainter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E5%A7%86%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E5%A4%A9%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="查尔斯·萨姆纳·天特（页面不存在）">查尔斯·萨姆纳·天特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Sumner_Tainter" class="extiw" title="en:Charles Sumner Tainter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Charles Sumner Tainter</span></a></span>）</span></span>發明，並且申請專利。光電話藉由調變的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%9D%9F" title="光束">光束</a>來傳遞語音訊號。在那個年代，還沒有設備可以提供<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="電力">電力</a>，甚至連<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B9%BB%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="科幻小說">科幻小說</a>中也還沒提到雷射，他們的發明在當時看來并沒有實用價值，而且通話的效果還會受到陽光及天氣的限制。光電話和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由空間光通信系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="free-space optical communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由空間光通信系統（页面不存在）">自由空間光通信系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/free-space_optical_communication" class="extiw" title="en:free-space optical communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">free-space optical communication</span></a></span>）</span></span>一様，在傳送器及發射器之間不能有阻隔光束的物體。數十年後，光電話才應用到了<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍事通訊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="military communications"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軍事通訊（页面不存在）">軍事通訊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/military_communications" class="extiw" title="en:military communications"><span lang="en" dir="auto">military communications</span></a></span>）</span></span>領域<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早期工作"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E6.9C.9F.E5.B7.A5.E4.BD.9C"></span>早期工作</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：早期工作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戴维·E·休斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="David E. Hughes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7E%C2%B7%E4%BC%91%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戴维·E·休斯（页面不存在）">戴维·E·休斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_E._Hughes" class="extiw" title="en:David E. Hughes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">David E. Hughes</span></a></span>）</span></span>在1878年利用發射器傳送無線電達數百公尺遠<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。當時<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E5%A3%AB%E5%A8%81" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="馬克士威">馬克士威</a>的電磁理論還不為世人周知，因而當代的科學家將此發明視為感應的結果。1885年<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%84%9B%E8%BF%AA%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="湯瑪斯·愛迪生">湯瑪斯·愛迪生</a>利用振动器磁铁來作為感應的傳輸，在1888年時愛迪生布署了<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈伊谷铁路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lehigh Valley Railroad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E8%B0%B7%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈伊谷铁路（页面不存在）">哈伊谷铁路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehigh_Valley_Railroad" class="extiw" title="en:Lehigh Valley Railroad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lehigh Valley Railroad</span></a></span>）</span></span>的信號傳輸系統，在1891年獲得使用電感的無線電專利（<span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/patents/US465971">美國專利第465,971号</a></span>）。 </p><p>1888年時<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%B9" title="海因里希·赫兹">海因里希·赫茲</a>展示了<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="電磁波">電磁波</a>的存在，這成了後來大部分無線科技的基礎<sup id="cite_ref-Story_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Story-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-katz_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katz-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。赫茲證明了電磁波在空間中會沿直線前進，可以被實驗設備所<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E6%94%B6%E4%BF%A1%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電收信機">接收</a><sup id="cite_ref-Story_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Story-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-katz_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-katz-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，不過他沒有繼續進行其他相關的實驗。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%A0%BC%E8%BF%AA%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E9%92%B1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%AF" title="贾格迪什·钱德拉·博斯">賈格迪什·錢德拉·博斯</a>當時開發了一個早期的無線電偵測設備，也有助於了解波長在數厘米內的電磁波特性<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="無線電"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E9.9B.BB"></span>無線電</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：無線電"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg/220px-Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg/330px-Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg/440px-Guglielmo_Marconi_1901_wireless_signal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1849" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%88%97%E5%B0%94%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%AF%E5%B0%BC" title="古列尔莫·马可尼">古列爾莫·馬可尼</a>發射穿過大西洋的無線電訊號</figcaption></figure> <p>「無線」一開始是指無線電的接收器，或稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E5%8F%91%E5%99%A8" title="收发器">收發器</a>（可以同時作為傳送及接收用途的設備），早在無線電報時代就已應用過類似設備。現在「無線」一詞是指現代的無線通訊，例如蜂巢式網路以及無線寛頻通訊，無線一詞也泛指任何一種不需要電線即可進行的應用，例如「無線遙控」、「無線能量轉換」，而不去區分實際應用的技術是<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電">無線電</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="紅外線">紅外線</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="超音波">超音波</a>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%88%97%E5%B0%94%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%AF%E5%B0%BC" title="古列尔莫·马可尼">古列爾莫·馬可尼</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E5%8A%B3%E6%81%A9" title="卡尔·布劳恩">卡尔·布劳恩</a>因為在<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B1" title="無線電報">無線電報</a>上的貢獻，獲得1909年的諾貝爾物理獎<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="模式"><span id=".E6.A8.A1.E5.BC.8F"></span>模式</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：模式"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>無線通訊可以用以下的方式進行： </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="無線電_2"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E9.9B.BB_2"></span>無線電</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：無線電"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電">無線電</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電">無線電</a>通訊及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%B3%A2" title="微波">微波</a>通訊用在長距離的通訊，需搭配高方向性的天線，或是短距離的通訊。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="自由空間光通信"><span id=".E8.87.AA.E7.94.B1.E7.A9.BA.E9.96.93.E5.85.89.E9.80.9A.E4.BF.A1"></span>自由空間光通信</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：自由空間光通信"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="自由空間光通信">自由空間光通信</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg/250px-FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg/375px-FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg/500px-FSO-gigabit-laser-link-0a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2025" /></a><figcaption>一個有八個光束的自由空間雷射光網路，在距離2 km時速率為1 Gbit/s，接收器是中間的大圓盤，上方和右側有<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E7%AD%92%E6%9C%9B%E9%81%A0%E9%8F%A1" title="單筒望遠鏡">單筒望遠鏡</a>，使兩個接頭可以對正</figcaption></figure> <p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由空間光通信系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="free-space optical communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由空間光通信系統（页面不存在）">自由空間光通信系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/free-space_optical_communication" class="extiw" title="en:free-space optical communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">free-space optical communication</span></a></span>）</span></span>（FSO）是利用光在自由空間（即空氣、外太空、真空）中行進來傳遞訊號的無線<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光通訊">光通訊</a>技術。自由空間光通信系統會使用可見光或是紅外線，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%99%E6%8E%A7" title="遙控">遙控</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%A4%96%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="红外通讯">紅外通訊</a>等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="聲通訊"><span id=".E8.81.B2.E9.80.9A.E8.A8.8A"></span>聲通訊</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：聲通訊"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>音波及超音波常用在短距離，利用音波來傳遞訊號的應用。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="電磁感應"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E7.A3.81.E6.84.9F.E6.87.89"></span>電磁感應</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：電磁感應"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94" title="电磁感应">電磁感應</a>主要是用在低能量及短通訊距離的應用，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B7%E6%90%8F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="起搏器">起搏器</a>及短距離的RFID標籤。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="無線網路"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E7.B6.B2.E8.B7.AF"></span>無線網路</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：無線網路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="無線網路">無線網路</a>可以符合許多不同的需求，最常見的可以是方便筆記性電腦的用戶在往來不同地方的路途中可以連網，另一個用途是由手機連網。若某一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E6%AE%B5" title="网段">網段</a>的實際位置經常會變動，利用無線網路來連線是比較合理的方法。在以下的情形下可以使用無線網路： </p> <ul><li>網路的距離超過一般有線網路允許的長度。</li> <li>作為備援網路，在正常網路異常時使用。</li> <li>連接移動的或是暫時性的節點。</li> <li>在一般網路佈線困難或是費用過高的情形。</li> <li>行動用戶連線或是連接到行動網路。</li></ul> <p>在開發射頻無線網路時，設計者需考慮以下的因素： </p> <ul><li>使用數百至數千MHz或是GHz的頻段。</li> <li>運作範圍及電池壽命。</li> <li>靈敏度及資料速率。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8B%93%E6%89%91" title="网络拓扑">网络拓扑</a>及節點智能程度。</li></ul> <p>無線網路的應用包括<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="點對點通訊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="point-to-point (telecommunications)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%9E%E5%B0%8D%E9%BB%9E%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="點對點通訊（页面不存在）">點對點通訊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/point-to-point_(telecommunications)" class="extiw" title="en:point-to-point (telecommunications)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">point-to-point (telecommunications)</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B9%E5%AF%B9%E5%A4%9A%E7%82%B9%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="点对多点通信">点对多点通信</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD" title="广播">广播</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E7%AA%9D%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="蜂窝网络">蜂窝网络</a>及其他<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="無線網路">無線網路</a>及<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>技術。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="電磁波頻譜"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E7.A3.81.E6.B3.A2.E9.A0.BB.E8.AD.9C"></span>電磁波頻譜</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：電磁波頻譜"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>光、顏色、AM及FM廣播以及許多電子設備都用到<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B3%A2%E6%B3%A2%E9%A0%BB%E8%AD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="電波波頻譜">電波波頻譜</a>，可用來通訊的<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E9%A0%BB%E8%AD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電頻譜">無線電頻譜</a>頻率中視為是公共財財產，會由國家級的機構管理，例如美國的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="美国联邦通信委员会">美国联邦通信委员会</a>，英國的<a href="/wiki/Ofcom" class="mw-redirect" title="Ofcom">Ofcom</a>，這些機構會定義誰可以使用哪一個頻段的頻率，以及其目的為何。若公共頻段像個人使用的電磁波頻譜一様，沒有類似的控制或替代配置措施，可能會出現混亂，例如飛機沒有特別可以用在航管上的頻率，而業餘無線電操作者的訊號干擾航管訊號，使得飛行員無法正常使飛機降落。無線通訊的頻帶由9 kHz至300 GHz。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="無線通訊技術的應用"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E9.80.9A.E8.A8.8A.E6.8A.80.E8.A1.93.E7.9A.84.E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>無線通訊技術的應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：無線通訊技術的應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="行動電話"><span id=".E8.A1.8C.E5.8B.95.E9.9B.BB.E8.A9.B1"></span>行動電話</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：行動電話"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="行動電話">行動電話</a>應該是無線通訊最廣為人知的應用之一，在2010年底時全世界已有超過46億手機<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。行動電話藉由無線電波，使不同地方的用戶可以互相電話聯絡。用戶可以在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0%E8%87%BA" title="行動通信基地臺">行動通信基地臺</a>的範圍內使用手機，基地臺會接送及接收手機的信號。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="無線資料傳輸"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99.E5.82.B3.E8.BC.B8"></span>無線資料傳輸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：無線資料傳輸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>無線資料傳輸是行動運算中不可少的一部份<sup id="cite_ref-TCO_Insights_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCO_Insights-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。有許多可用的技術，差異是在地區的可用性、覆蓋範圍及性能<sup id="cite_ref-Geeks_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geeks-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，在一些情形下，用戶必須可以布署多種連線方式，並在不同模式中切換。為了簡化使用者所花的時間，可以使用<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="連接管理軟體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="connection manager software"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="連接管理軟體（页面不存在）">連接管理軟體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/connection_manager_software" class="extiw" title="en:connection manager software"><span lang="en" dir="auto">connection manager software</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，或者使用<a href="/wiki/MVPN" class="mw-redirect" title="MVPN">MVPN</a>，將數個連線處理為一個保安的單一<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="虛擬網路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="virtual network"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="虛擬網路（页面不存在）">虛擬網路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/virtual_network" class="extiw" title="en:virtual network"><span lang="en" dir="auto">virtual network</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。。以下是一些用在無線資料傳輸的無線通訊： </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>是無線的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="區域網路">區域網路</a>，讓可攜式的運算裝置以簡單的方式連接到<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E9%80%A3%E7%B6%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="互連網">互連網</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，藉由<a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11" title="IEEE 802.11">IEEE 802.11</a> a,b,g,n等標準，Wi-Fi的速度接近一些有線的網路。Wi-Fi已成為家中、辦公室及公共空間熱點的<a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">事實上的</a>標準<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。有些企業是每月收取一次Wi-Fi的費用，有些企業則是免費提供，因為提供Wi-Fi可以提昇他們產品的銷售額<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E5%B7%A2%E5%BC%8F%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蜂巢式網路">蜂巢式網路</a>：只要離最近的基地台十到十五公里以內即可使用<sup id="cite_ref-Geeks_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geeks-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，其速度隨著科技的演進而提昇，從早期的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="全球移动通信系统">GSM</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%81%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E5%9D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="码分多址">CDMA</a>及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%B0%81%E5%8C%85%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="通用封包無線服務（页面不存在）">GPRS</a>，到像是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%AC%E9%A0%BB%E5%88%86%E7%A2%BC%E5%A4%9A%E5%B7%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寬頻分碼多工（页面不存在）">W-CDMA</a>、<a href="/wiki/GSM%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%B7%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A%E7%8E%87%E6%BC%94%E9%80%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="GSM增強數據率演進">GSM增強數據率演進</a>（EDGE）或是<a href="/wiki/CDMA2000" title="CDMA2000">CDMA2000</a>等<a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a>網路<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</dd></dl> <dl><dd>行動衛星通訊：可以用在無法用其他無線技術通訊的情況，例如廣大的鄉村地區<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或是遙遠的地方<sup id="cite_ref-Geeks_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geeks-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="通訊衛星">通訊衛星</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="运输">运输</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="航空">航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7" title="航海">航海</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">軍事</a>上格外的重要<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</dd></dl> <dl><dd>無線感測器網路：可以直接偵測有關的物理量，監控及收集資料，產生有意義供人觀看的顯示，並提供一些決策的機能<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="無線供電"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E4.BE.9B.E9.9B.BB"></span>無線供電</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：無線供電"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E4%BE%9B%E7%94%B5" title="无线供电">無線供電</a></div> <p>無線供電是指在使用電線的情形下，將電能從電源傳到另一個沒有內建電源的設備中。有二種基礎的無線供電方式，可以用光束/雷射，無線電或是微波傳輸，或是使用近場感應的方式。幾種方式都會用到電磁波磁場<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="無線醫療技術"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E9.86.AB.E7.99.82.E6.8A.80.E8.A1.93"></span>無線醫療技術</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：無線醫療技術"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>像無線體域網（mobile body area networks，簡稱MBAN）等新技術可以利用無線技術監測血壓、心跳、含氧濃度及體溫。無線體域網會送出低功率的無線信號給接收器，再傳送到監控設備或是護理站。這種技術減少了有意或是無意造成的感染風險，或是因為有線接線斷線而產生的問題<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="電腦介面設備"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E8.85.A6.E4.BB.8B.E9.9D.A2.E8.A8.AD.E5.82.99"></span>電腦介面設備</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：電腦介面設備"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>最早的鍵盤、滑鼠等設備都是有線的，後來也慢慢出現了無線的界面設備，多半是利用<a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>技術的設備，其反應可能會略慢於有線的設備，但兩者的差距越來越小。 </p><p>像鍵盤、滑鼠等電腦的無線介面設備一般是由電池供電，會傳送射頻的訊號到接到電腦USB埠上的接收器。因為使用射頻訊號，使得資料可以用無線的方式傳遞，並且擴展使用的範圍，一般可以到三公尺。距離、實體的障礙物、其他的無線訊號甚至是人體都可能降低其信號品質<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2007年底時開始討論無線鍵盤保安的問題，當時發現微軟在使用27 MHz的系列，其加密的實現方式高度的缺乏保安性<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準"><span id=".E7.84.A1.E7.B7.9A.E9.80.9A.E8.A8.8A.E7.9A.84.E5.AF.A6.E7.8F.BE.E3.80.81.E8.A8.AD.E5.82.99.E5.8F.8A.E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A8.99.E6.BA.96"></span>無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：無線通訊的實現、設備及相關標準"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電">無線電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="廣播">廣播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD%E9%A4%98%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="業餘無線電">業餘無線電</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="陆地移动无线电系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land Mobile Radio System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%86%E5%9C%B0%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陆地移动无线电系統（页面不存在）">陆地移动无线电系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Mobile_Radio_System" class="extiw" title="en:Land Mobile Radio System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land Mobile Radio System</span></a></span>）</span></span>或<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="專業移动無線電" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Professional Mobile Radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%88%E6%A5%AD%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="專業移动無線電（页面不存在）">專業移动無線電</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_Mobile_Radio" class="extiw" title="en:Professional Mobile Radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Professional Mobile Radio</span></a></span>）</span></span>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E4%B8%AD%E7%B9%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" title="地面中繼式無線電">地面中繼式無線電</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="P25" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Project 25"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=P25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P25（页面不存在）">P25</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_25" class="extiw" title="en:Project 25"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Project 25</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="OpensSky" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="OpensSky"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpensSky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpensSky（页面不存在）">OpensSky</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpensSky" class="extiw" title="en:OpensSky"><span lang="en" dir="auto">OpensSky</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EDACS" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="EDACS"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EDACS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EDACS（页面不存在）">EDACS</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDACS" class="extiw" title="en:EDACS"><span lang="en" dir="auto">EDACS</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86" title="数字集群通信标准">DMR</a>、<a href="/wiki/DPMR" title="DPMR">dPMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="無線電話">無線電話</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%B7%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="數位增強無線電話系統">數位增強無線電話系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E5%B7%A2%E5%BC%8F%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蜂巢式網路">蜂巢式網路</a>：<a href="/wiki/0G" title="0G">0G</a>、<a href="/wiki/1G" title="1G">1G</a>、<a href="/wiki/2G" title="2G">2G</a>、<a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a>、<a href="/wiki/4G" title="4G">4G</a>、<a href="/wiki/5G" title="5G">5G</a></li> <li>短距離點對點通訊：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="無線麥克風" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wireless microphone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E9%A2%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無線麥克風（页面不存在）">無線麥克風</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_microphone" class="extiw" title="en:Wireless microphone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wireless microphone</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%99%E6%8E%A7" title="遙控">遙控</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%A4%96%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="红外通讯技术">IrDA</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E5%B0%84%E9%A0%BB%E8%BE%A8%E8%AD%98" class="mw-redirect" title="無線射頻辨識">無線射頻辨識</a>（RFID）、 <a href="/wiki/TransferJet" title="TransferJet">TransferJet</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E5%8C%AF%E6%B5%81%E6%8E%92" title="無線通用序列匯流排">無線通用序列匯流排</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="DSRC" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dedicated short-range communications"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DSRC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DSRC（页面不存在）">DSRC</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_short-range_communications" class="extiw" title="en:Dedicated short-range communications"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dedicated short-range communications</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/EnOcean" title="EnOcean">EnOcean</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%A0%B4%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="近場通訊">近場通訊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E6%84%9F%E6%B8%AC%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" title="無線感測網路">無線感測網路</a>：<a href="/wiki/ZigBee" title="ZigBee">ZigBee</a>、<a href="/wiki/EnOcean" title="EnOcean">EnOcean</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E7%BD%91" title="无线个人网">无线个人网</a>、<a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>、<a href="/wiki/TransferJet" title="TransferJet">TransferJet</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%AF%AC%E9%A0%BB" title="超寬頻">超寬頻</a>（UWB）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="無線網路">無線網路</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="無線區域網路">無線區域網路</a>（WLAN，像<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="HiperLAN" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="HiperLAN"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=HiperLAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HiperLAN（页面不存在）">HiperLAN</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HiperLAN" class="extiw" title="en:HiperLAN"><span lang="en" dir="auto">HiperLAN</span></a></span>）</span></span>等）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E4%BA%92%E9%80%9A%E5%BE%AE%E6%B3%A2%E5%AD%98%E5%8F%96" class="mw-redirect" title="全球互通微波存取">全球互通微波存取</a>（WiMAX）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FS1037C-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FS1037C_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080302071329/http://www.atis.org/tg2k/">ATIS Telecom Glossary 2007</a>. atis.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-03-16</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atis.org/tg2k/">原始内容</a>存档于2008-03-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.btitle=ATIS+Telecom+Glossary+2007&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=atis.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atis.org%2Ftg2k%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tech Target - Definition of Wireless - Posted by Margaret Rouse (April 2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/wireless">What is wireless?</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210422065418/http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/wireless">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） - Retrieved December 25, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140403152726/http://www.fi.edu/learn/case-files/bell/phone.html">Photo- and Graphophone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fi.edu">http://www.fi.edu</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fi.edu/learn/case-files/bell/phone.html">原始内容</a>存档于2014-04-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.atitle=Photo-+and+Graphophone&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fi.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fi.edu%2Flearn%2Fcase-files%2Fbell%2Fphone.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">外部链接存在于<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventions/a/photophone.htm">Alexander Graham Bell's Photophone - Ahead of its Time</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://inventors.about.com">http://inventors.about.com</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-04-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200314074513/http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventions/a/photophone.htm">存档</a>于2020-03-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.atitle=Alexander+Graham+Bell%27s+Photophone+-+Ahead+of+its+Time&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=http%3A%2F%2Finventors.about.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finventors.about.com%2Fod%2Fpstartinventions%2Fa%2Fphotophone.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">外部链接存在于<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inventors.about.com/od/hstartinventors/a/david_hughes.htm">David Hughes - Carbon Microphone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://inventors.about.com">http://inventors.about.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.atitle=David+Hughes+-+Carbon+Microphone&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=http%3A%2F%2Finventors.about.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finventors.about.com%2Fod%2Fhstartinventors%2Fa%2Fdavid_hughes.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">外部链接存在于<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="">失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Story-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Story_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Story_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Story, Alfred Thomas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storywirelesste00storgoog">A story of wireless telegraphy</a>. New York, D. Appleton and Co. 1904.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.aufirst=Alfred+Thomas&rft.aulast=Story&rft.btitle=A+story+of+wireless+telegraphy&rft.date=1904&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=New+York%2C+D.+Appleton+and+Co.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstorywirelesste00storgoog&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-katz-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-katz_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-katz_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/~eugeniik/history/hertz.htm">Heinrich Rudolf Hertz</a>. chem.ch.huji.ac.il. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-03-16</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061002065000/http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/~eugeniik/history/hertz.htm">存档</a>于2006-10-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.btitle=Heinrich+Rudolf+Hertz&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=chem.ch.huji.ac.il&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchem.ch.huji.ac.il%2F~eugeniik%2Fhistory%2Fhertz.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J.C. Bose, Collected Physical Papers. New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., 1927</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1909/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909</a>. Nobel Foundation. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-04-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226104045/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1909/summary/">存档</a>于2018-12-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physics+1909&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fphysics%2Flaureates%2F1909%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=33770&Cr=Telecom&Cr1=">Robust demand for mobile phone service will continue, UN agency predicts</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20171009221851/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=33770&Cr=Telecom&Cr1=">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <i>UN News Centre</i> February 15, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TCO_Insights-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TCO_Insights_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.groupmobile.com/docs/products/TCO%20Insights%20On%20Rugged%20Mobile%20Computers.pdf">TCO Insights on Rugged Mobile Computers</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130824132055/http://www.groupmobile.com/docs/products/TCO%20Insights%20On%20Rugged%20Mobile%20Computers.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, <i>VDC Research</i>, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geeks-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Geeks_12-0"><sup><b>12.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geeks_12-1"><sup><b>12.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geeks_12-2"><sup><b>12.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">High Speed Internet on the Road, <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130824155953/http://www.geeksontour.com/showme/wifi/wifi00_3ways.cfm">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-05-01</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geeksontour.com/showme/wifi/wifi00_3ways.cfm">原始内容</a>存档于2013-08-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geeksontour.com%2Fshowme%2Fwifi%2Fwifi00_3ways.cfm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mitchell, Bradley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wirelessinternet/a/internetservice.htm">Wireless Internet Service: An Introduction</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110829163815/http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wirelessinternet/a/internetservice.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776781%28WS.10%29.aspx">What is Connection Manager?</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170925163925/http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776781%28WS.10%29.aspx">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <i>Microsoft Technet</i>, March 28, 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unwiredrevolution.com/what-we-do/our-products.aspx">Unwired Revolution</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120109051616/http://www.unwiredrevolution.com/what-we-do/our-products.aspx">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120109051616/http://www.unwiredrevolution.com/what-we-do/our-products.aspx">存檔</a>，存档日期2012-01-09.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.gd-itronix.com/index.cfm?page=Products:MobilityXE">http://www.gd-itronix.com/index.cfm?page=Products:MobilityXE</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110926055054/http://www.gd-itronix.com/index.cfm?page=Products:MobilityXE">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926055054/http://www.gd-itronix.com/index.cfm?page=Products%3AMobilityXE">存檔</a>，存档日期2011-09-26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wifihomenetworking/WiFi_Home_Networking.htm">About.com</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120113010228/http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wifihomenetworking/WiFi_Home_Networking.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hotrecruiter.com/resources/technical-tutorials/35-freelance-tips-a-tutorials/893-wi-fi">"Wi-Fi"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120327014110/http://www.hotrecruiter.com/resources/technical-tutorials/35-freelance-tips-a-tutorials/893-wi-fi">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120327014110/http://www.hotrecruiter.com/resources/technical-tutorials/35-freelance-tips-a-tutorials/893-wi-fi">存檔</a>，存档日期2012-03-27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Brien, J. & Marakas, G.M.(2008) Management Information Systems (pp. 239). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lachu Aravamudhan, Stefano Faccin, Risto Mononen, Basavaraj Patil, Yousuf Saifullah, Sarvesh Sharma, Srinivas Sreemanthula. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informit.com/articles/printerfriendly.aspx?p=98132">"Getting to Know Wireless Networks and Technology"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20131004200150/http://www.informit.com/articles/printerfriendly.aspx?p=98132">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, <i>InformIT</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/imt-2000/DocumentsIMT2000/What_really_3G.pdf">"What really is a Third Generation (3G) Mobile Technology"</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607105523/http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/imt-2000/DocumentsIMT2000/What_really_3G.pdf">存檔</a>，存档日期2011-06-07., <i>ITU</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geier, Jim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wireless-nets.com/resources/downloads/wireless_industry_report_2007.pdf">Wireless Network Industry Report 2007, <i>Wireless-Nets, Ltd.</i>, 2008</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20121012152324/http://www.wireless-nets.com/resources/downloads/wireless_industry_report_2007.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ilcev, Stojce Dimov, Global Mobile Satellite Communications for Maritime, Land and Aeronautical Applications, <i>Springer</i>, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">F.L. Lewis. “Wireless Sensor Networks.” Smart Environments: Technologies, Protocols, and Applications, ed. D.J. Cook and S.K. Das, John Wiley, New York, 2004. Automation and robotics research institute. 26 Oct. 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jones, George. “Future Proof. How Wireless Energy Transfer Will Kill the Power Cable.” MaximumPC. 14 Sept. 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Linebaugh, Kate. “Medical Devices in Hospitals go wireless.” Online.wsj. The Wall Street Journal. 23 May 2010. Web. 27 Oct. 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paventi, jared. “How does a Wireless Keyboard Work.” Ehow. Web. 26 Oct. 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Moser, Max; Schrödel, Philipp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123043010/http://www.dreamlab.net/download/articles/27_Mhz_keyboard_insecurities.pdf">27Mhz Wireless Keyboard Analysis Report aka "We know what you typed last summer<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2007-12-05 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2012]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dreamlab.net/download/articles/27_Mhz_keyboard_insecurities.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2009年1月23日）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.au=Schr%C3%B6del%2C+Philipp&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.btitle=27Mhz+Wireless+Keyboard+Analysis+Report+aka+%22We+know+what+you+typed+last+summer%22&rft.date=2007-12-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dreamlab.net%2Fdownload%2Farticles%2F27_Mhz_keyboard_insecurities.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="無線電">無線電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%82%B9_(Wi-Fi)" title="热点 (Wi-Fi)">熱點 (Wi-Fi)</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E4%BE%9B%E7%94%B5" title="无线供电">无线供电</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%96%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="無線接取器">無線接取器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%85%A7%E4%B8%8A%E7%BD%91%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="光照上网技术">光照上网技术</a>（Li-Fi）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%B6%B2%E7%B5%A1" title="個人區域網絡">個人區域網絡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%BA%BF" title="天线">天线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="地面電視">地面電視</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/無線通訊">無線通訊</a></b>」。</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8" title="維基教科書">維基教科書</a>中有關<a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Nets,_Webs_and_the_Information_Infrastructure" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure">Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure</a>的文本</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/Wireless_Telegraphy_and_Telephony" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony">Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C%E7%88%BE%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" title="科里爾百科全書">Collier's New Encyclopedia</a>. 1921.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&rft.atitle=Wireless+Telegraphy+and+Telephony&rft.btitle=Collier%27s+New+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1921&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="开放式目录">开放目录项目</a>中的“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Computers/Data_Communications/Wireless/">Wireless</a>”</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalbulls.wordpress.com/2016/05/12/computer-is-running-slow/">Computer is running slow</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210422065608/https://digitalbulls.wordpress.com/2016/05/12/computer-is-running-slow/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="电信" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="Template:電信"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="Template talk:電信"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:電信"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="电信" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信">电信</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of telecommunication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信发展史（页面不存在）">电信历史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" class="extiw" title="en:History of telecommunication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of telecommunication</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beacon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信标（页面不存在）">信标</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beacon" class="extiw" title="en:Beacon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beacon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="广播发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of broadcasting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="广播发展史（页面不存在）">广播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_broadcasting" class="extiw" title="en:History of broadcasting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of broadcasting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电缆保护系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cable protection system"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E7%BC%86%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电缆保护系统（页面不存在）">电缆保护系统</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_protection_system" class="extiw" title="en:Cable protection system"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cable protection system</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="有线电视">有线电视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="通訊衛星">通信卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="计算机网络">计算机网络</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9" title="数据压缩">数据压缩</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="音频编码格式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Audio coding format"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%B3%E9%A2%91%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="音频编码格式（页面不存在）">音频</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_coding_format" class="extiw" title="en:Audio coding format"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Audio coding format</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E6%95%A3%E4%BD%99%E5%BC%A6%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="离散余弦变换">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9" title="图像压缩">图像</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="视频编码格式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Video coding format"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="视频编码格式（页面不存在）">视频</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_coding_format" class="extiw" title="en:Video coding format"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Video coding format</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="数字媒体">数字媒体</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="互联网视频" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Internet video"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互联网视频（页面不存在）">互联网视频</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_video" class="extiw" title="en:Internet video"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Internet video</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E7%89%87%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E7%B6%B2%E7%AB%99" title="影片分享網站">在线视频平台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" title="社群媒體">社交媒体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="流媒体">流媒体</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="通讯鼓" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Drums in communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E9%BC%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="通讯鼓（页面不存在）">鼓</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drums_in_communication" class="extiw" title="en:Drums in communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Drums in communication</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃德霍姆定律" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Edholm's law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A7%86%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃德霍姆定律（页面不存在）">埃德霍姆定律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edholm%27s_law" class="extiw" title="en:Edholm's law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Edholm's law</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5" title="电报">电报</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%9C%9F" title="傳真">传真</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="回光信号器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Heliograph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9E%E5%85%89%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="回光信号器（页面不存在）">回光信号器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliograph" class="extiw" title="en:Heliograph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Heliograph</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="液压电报机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hydraulic telegraph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B6%B2%E5%8E%8B%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="液压电报机（页面不存在）">液压电报机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_telegraph" class="extiw" title="en:Hydraulic telegraph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hydraulic telegraph</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="信息时代">信息时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="資訊革命">信息革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="互联网历史">互联网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" title="大眾媒體">大众传媒</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="移动电话历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of mobile phones"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="移动电话历史（页面不存在）">手机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" class="extiw" title="en:History of mobile phones"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of mobile phones</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA" title="智能手机">智能手机</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光通訊">光通讯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光电报" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Optical telegraph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B1" title="光電報">光电报</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_telegraph" class="extiw" title="en:Optical telegraph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Optical telegraph</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E5%91%BC%E6%A9%9F" title="傳呼機">寻呼机</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="光音机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Photophone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E9%9F%B3%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="光音机（页面不存在）">光音机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophone" class="extiw" title="en:Photophone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Photophone</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="预付费手机历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of prepaid mobile phones"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%84%E4%BB%98%E8%B4%B9%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="预付费手机历史（页面不存在）">预付费手机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" class="extiw" title="en:History of prepaid mobile phones"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of prepaid mobile phones</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电台历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of radio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电台历史（页面不存在）">电台</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio" class="extiw" title="en:History of radio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of radio</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="无线电话" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Radiotelephone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="無線電話">无线电话</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiotelephone" class="extiw" title="en:Radiotelephone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Radiotelephone</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="通訊衛星">卫星通讯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%97%E8%AA%9E" title="旗語">旗语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%99%A8%E4%BB%B6" title="半导体器件">器件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%A0%B4%E6%95%88%E9%9B%BB%E6%99%B6%E9%AB%94" title="金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體">MOSEFT</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="晶体管历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of the transistor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晶体管历史（页面不存在）">晶体管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_transistor" class="extiw" title="en:History of the transistor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of the transistor</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%BD%E7%81%AB" title="烽火">烽火</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信发展史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of telecommunication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信发展史（页面不存在）">电信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" class="extiw" title="en:History of telecommunication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of telecommunication</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电报传真机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telautograph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%A5%E4%BC%A0%E7%9C%9F%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电报传真机（页面不存在）">电报传真机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telautograph" class="extiw" title="en:Telautograph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telautograph</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%82%B3%E6%89%93%E5%AD%97%E6%A9%9F" title="電傳打字機">电传</a> <ul><li>电传打字机</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="电话的历史">电话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E6%A1%88" title="电话案">电话案</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B2" title="电视史">电视</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="数字电视">數字電視</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86" title="网络电视">网络电视</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%95%E9%9B%BB%E7%BA%9C" title="海底電纜">海底电缆</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="视频电话历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of videotelephony"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="视频电话历史（页面不存在）">视频电话</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_videotelephony" class="extiw" title="en:History of videotelephony"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of videotelephony</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="口哨语" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Whistled language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A3%E5%93%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="口哨语（页面不存在）">口哨语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whistled_language" class="extiw" title="en:Whistled language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Whistled language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">无线革命</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Telecom-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/100px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/150px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/200px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">先驱人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳西尔·艾哈迈德 (工程师)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E8%BF%88%E5%BE%B7_(%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳西尔·艾哈迈德 (工程师)（页面不存在）">纳西尔·艾哈迈德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" class="extiw" title="en:Nasir Ahmed (engineer)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasir Ahmed (engineer)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E6%B8%A9%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%8D%8E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97" title="埃德温·霍华德·阿姆斯特朗">埃德温·霍华德·阿姆斯特朗</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="默罕穆德·阿塔拉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mohamed M. Atalla"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%98%E7%BD%95%E7%A9%86%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="默罕穆德·阿塔拉（页面不存在）">默罕穆德·阿塔拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" class="extiw" title="en:Mohamed M. Atalla"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mohamed M. Atalla</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="约翰·罗杰·贝尔德">约翰·罗杰·贝尔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%98%AD" title="保羅·巴蘭">保羅·巴蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E4%B8%81" title="约翰·巴丁">约翰·巴丁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%8E%84%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔">亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF-%E6%9D%8E" title="蒂姆·伯纳斯-李">蒂姆·伯纳斯-李</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%A0%BC%E8%BF%AA%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E9%92%B1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%AF" title="贾格迪什·钱德拉·博斯">贾格迪什·钱德拉·博斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E9%A1%BF" title="沃尔特·布拉顿">沃尔特·布拉顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB" title="文頓·瑟夫">文頓·瑟夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E6%99%AE" title="克洛德·沙普">克洛德·沙普</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Yogen Dalal" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Yogen K Dalal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogen_Dalal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yogen Dalal（页面不存在）">约根·达拉勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogen_K_Dalal" class="extiw" title="en:Yogen K Dalal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Yogen K Dalal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="唐纳德·戴维斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Donald Davies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%90%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唐纳德·戴维斯（页面不存在）">唐纳德·戴维斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Davies" class="extiw" title="en:Donald Davies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Donald Davies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%AF%8C%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="李·德富雷斯特">李·德富雷斯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF" title="費羅·法恩斯沃斯">費羅·法恩斯沃斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E4%BF%A1%E9%81%94" title="范信達">范信達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%99%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7" title="以利沙·格雷">以利沙·格雷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E9%BB%91%E7%B6%AD%E5%A1%9E" title="奧利弗·黑維塞">奧利弗·黑維塞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃尔纳·施奈德·胡佛" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Erna Schneider Hoover"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E5%A5%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃尔纳·施奈德·胡佛（页面不存在）">埃尔纳·施奈德·胡佛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover" class="extiw" title="en:Erna Schneider Hoover"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Erna Schneider Hoover</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈罗德·霍普金斯 (物理学家)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%99%AE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈罗德·霍普金斯 (物理学家)（页面不存在）">哈罗德·霍普金斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" class="extiw" title="en:Harold Hopkins (physicist)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harold Hopkins (physicist)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="互联网先驱列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Internet pioneers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互联网先驱列表（页面不存在）">互联网先驱列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" class="extiw" title="en:List of Internet pioneers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Internet pioneers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%81%A9" title="罗伯特·卡恩">罗伯特·卡恩</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="姜大元" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dawon Kahng"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姜大元（页面不存在）">姜大元</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawon_Kahng" class="extiw" title="en:Dawon Kahng"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dawon Kahng</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%8C%95" title="高錕">高錕</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纳林德·辛格·卡帕尼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Narinder Singh Kapany"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E6%9E%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳林德·辛格·卡帕尼（页面不存在）">纳林德·辛格·卡帕尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" class="extiw" title="en:Narinder Singh Kapany"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Narinder Singh Kapany</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%8E%9B" title="海蒂·拉玛">海蒂·拉玛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="因诺琴佐·曼泽蒂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Innocenzo Manzetti"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%A0%E8%AF%BA%E7%90%B4%E4%BD%90%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E6%B3%BD%E8%92%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="因诺琴佐·曼泽蒂（页面不存在）">因诺琴佐·曼泽蒂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innocenzo_Manzetti" class="extiw" title="en:Innocenzo Manzetti"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Innocenzo Manzetti</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%88%97%E5%B0%94%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%AF%E5%B0%BC" title="古列尔莫·马可尼">古列尔莫·马可尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%A1%E5%A4%AB" title="罗伯特·梅特卡夫">罗伯特·梅特卡夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A7%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E9%BD%8A" title="安東尼奧·穆齊">安東尼奧·穆齊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BE%A4%E6%BD%A4%E4%B8%80" title="西澤潤一">西澤潤一</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉迪亚·佩尔曼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Radia Perlman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉迪亚·佩尔曼（页面不存在）">拉迪亚·佩尔曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radia_Perlman" class="extiw" title="en:Radia Perlman"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Radia Perlman</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%8D%B7%E6%BD%98%E8%AF%BA%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%AB" title="亚历山大·斯捷潘诺维奇·波波夫">亚历山大·波波夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·菲利普·赖斯">约翰·菲利普·赖斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A6%99%E5%86%9C" title="克劳德·香农">克劳德·香农</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亨利·萨顿 (发明家)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Henry Sutton (inventor)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E9%A1%BF_(%E5%8F%91%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亨利·萨顿 (发明家)（页面不存在）">亨利·萨顿</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" class="extiw" title="en:Henry Sutton (inventor)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Henry Sutton (inventor)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89" title="尼古拉·特斯拉">尼古拉·特斯拉</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡米耶·蒂索" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Camille Tissot"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E7%B1%B3%E8%80%B6%C2%B7%E8%92%82%E7%B4%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡米耶·蒂索（页面不存在）">卡米耶·蒂索</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_Tissot" class="extiw" title="en:Camille Tissot"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Camille Tissot</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·韦尔">阿尔弗雷德·韦尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%96%AF%E9%80%9A" title="查爾斯·惠斯通">查爾斯·惠斯通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BD%90%E5%88%A9%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="弗拉基米尔·佐利金">弗拉基米尔·佐利金</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E4%BB%8B%E8%B4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="传输介质">传输介质</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%BD%B4%E7%94%B5%E7%BC%86" title="同轴电缆">同轴电缆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%96%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A" title="光纖通訊">光纤通信</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B0%8E%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD" title="光導纖維">光纤</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E5%85%89%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="自由空間光通信">自由空間光通信</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分子通信" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Molecular communication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子通信（页面不存在）">分子通信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_communication" class="extiw" title="en:Molecular communication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Molecular communication</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="无线电">无线电波</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">无线通信</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%BA%BF" title="传输线">传输线</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数据传输线路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Data transmission circuit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数据传输线路（页面不存在）">数据线路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transmission_circuit" class="extiw" title="en:Data transmission circuit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Data transmission circuit</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信线路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telecommunication circuit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BA%BF%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信线路（页面不存在）">电信线路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication_circuit" class="extiw" title="en:Telecommunication circuit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telecommunication circuit</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8B%93%E6%89%91" title="网络拓扑">网络拓扑</a><br />与交换</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%A6%E5%AE%BD_(%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA)" title="带宽 (计算机)">带宽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E9%93%BE%E8%B7%AF" title="通信链路">通信鏈路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9_(%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C)" title="节点 (电信网络)">节点</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="终端 (电信网络)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Terminal (telecommunication)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%88%E7%AB%AF_(%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="终端 (电信网络)（页面不存在）">终端</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(telecommunication)" class="extiw" title="en:Terminal (telecommunication)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Terminal (telecommunication)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="網路交換器">交换器</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2" title="电路交换">电路交换</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%BB%84%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2" title="分组交换">分组交换</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2" title="电信交换">电信交换</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8" title="多路复用">多路复用</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E5%9D%80" title="空分多址">空分多址</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%91%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8" title="频分多路复用">频分多路复用</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8" title="时分多路复用">时分多路复用</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="偏振分多路复用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polarization-division multiplexing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%8F%E6%8C%AF%E5%88%86%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="偏振分多路复用（页面不存在）">偏振分多路复用</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization-division_multiplexing" class="extiw" title="en:Polarization-division multiplexing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polarization-division multiplexing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="轨道角动量多路复用" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E8%A7%92%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%A4%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A4%8D%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="轨道角动量多路复用（页面不存在）">轨道角动量多路复用</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" class="extiw" title="en:Orbital angular momentum multiplexing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Orbital angular momentum multiplexing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%A2%BC%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E9%80%B2%E6%8E%A5" title="分碼多重進接">码分多址</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="电信网络">电信网络</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E7%AA%9D%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="蜂窝网络">蜂窝网络</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="计算机网络">计算机网络</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="CYCLADES" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="CYCLADES"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CYCLADES&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CYCLADES（页面不存在）">CYCLADES</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYCLADES" class="extiw" title="en:CYCLADES"><span lang="en" dir="auto">CYCLADES</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E7%BD%91" title="以太网">以太网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="二代互联网" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Internet2"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二代互联网（页面不存在）">二代互联网</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" class="extiw" title="en:Internet2"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Internet2</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E4%B8%9A%E5%8A%A1%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%BD%91" title="综合业务数字网">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%80%E5%9F%9F%E7%BD%91" title="局域网">局域网</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="移动通讯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mobile telephony"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="移动通讯（页面不存在）">移动通讯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_telephony" class="extiw" title="en:Mobile telephony"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mobile telephony</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="下一代网络">下一代网络</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="NPL网络" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="NPL network"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPL%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPL网络（页面不存在）">NPL网络</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPL_network" class="extiw" title="en:NPL network"><span lang="en" dir="auto">NPL network</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E6%8D%A2%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D%E7%BD%91" title="公共交换电话网">公共交换电话网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0%E7%B6%B2" title="電台網">电台网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE" title="通訊裝置">通信设备</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E8%81%AF%E6%92%AD%E7%B6%B2" title="電視聯播網">电视网</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电传机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Telex"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BC%A0%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电传机（页面不存在）">电传机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telex" class="extiw" title="en:Telex"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Telex</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E7%BD%91" title="广域网">广域网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="无线网络">无线网络</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E7%BB%B4%E7%BD%91" title="万维网">万维网</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="Category:电信">分类</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="列表级条目"><img alt="列表级条目" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电信概述" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of telecommunication"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电信概述（页面不存在）">概述</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_telecommunication" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of telecommunication"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of telecommunication</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="Portal:电信">主题</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">资源</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wireless communication systems"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176209/">FAST</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Systèmes de communication sans fil"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124682763">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Systèmes de communication sans fil"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124682763">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007541794005171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh92006740">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00567927">日本</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=無線通訊&oldid=82759330">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=無線通訊&oldid=82759330</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="Category:无线网络">无线网络</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="Category:无线通信">无线通信</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E" title="Category:電視術語">電視術語</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%EF%BC%9A%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Category:引文格式1错误：外部链接">引文格式1错误：外部链接</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2024%E5%B9%B411%E6%9C%88%E5%B8%A6%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2024年11月带有失效链接的条目">自2024年11月带有失效链接的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BFwayback%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Category:Webarchive模板wayback链接">Webarchive模板wayback链接</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABFAST%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目">包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNF%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNFdata%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABJ9U%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目">包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABLCCN%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目">包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNDL%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目">包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年5月24日 (星期五) 07:17。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-tftqx","wgBackendResponseTime":172,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.945","walltime":"1.210","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5753,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":283449,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6821,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":30,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":97,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":51641,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":2,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 962.629 1 -total"," 20.71% 199.323 90 Template:Link-en"," 18.91% 182.070 1 Template:Public_Infrastructure"," 18.54% 178.505 1 Template:Sidebar"," 18.38% 176.954 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.23% 165.844 1 Template:電信"," 16.85% 162.212 1 Template:Navbox"," 10.40% 100.148 1 Template:Databox"," 8.65% 83.291 1 Template:Distinguish"," 8.45% 81.319 1 Template:Hatnote"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.511","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6228749,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-76c6b8f495-9wvr2","timestamp":"20241128144534","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u7121\u7dda\u901a\u8a0a","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%84%A1%E7%B7%9A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q249","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q249","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2014-04-15T04:55:17Z","dateModified":"2024-05-24T07:17:25Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9d\/Photophony1.jpg","headline":"\u4e0d\u7ecf\u7531\u5bfc\u4f53\u6216\u7f06\u7ebf\u4f20\u64ad\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u901a\u4fe1"}</script> </body> </html>