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Rezaei</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Fatemeh Rezaei"> <meta name="keywords" content="Fatemeh Rezaei"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Fatemeh Rezaei" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Fatemeh Rezaei"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 225</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Fatemeh Rezaei</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Autoantibodies against Central Nervous System Antigens and the Serum Levels of IL-32 in Patients with Schizophrenia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Keshavarz">Fatemeh Keshavarz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Schizophrenia is a disease of the nervous system, and immune system disorders can affect its pathogenesis. Activation of microglia, proinflammatory cytokines, disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) due to inflammation, activation of autoreactive B cells, and consequently the production of autoantibodies against system antigens are among the immune processes involved in neurological diseases. interleukin 32 (IL-32) a proinflammatory cytokine that important player in the activation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. This study aimed to measure the serum level of IL-32 as well as the frequency of autoantibody positivity against several nervous system antigens in patients with schizophrenia. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy individuals in the control group. Serum IL-32 levels were measured by ELISA. The frequency of autoantibodies against Hu, Ri, Yo, Tr, CV2, Amphiphysin, SOX1, Zic4, ITPR1, CARP, GAD, Recoverin, Titin, and Ganglioside antigens were measured by indirect immunofluorescence method. Results: Serum IL-32 levels in patients with schizophrenia were significantly higher compared to the control group. Autoantibodies were positive in 8 patients for GAD antigen and 5 patients for Ri antigen, which showed a significant relationship compared to the control group. Autoantibodies were also positive in 2 patients for CV2, in 1 patient for Hu, and in 1 patient for CARP. Negative results were reported for other antigens. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that elevated the serum IL-32 level and autoantibody positivity against several nervous system antigens may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title="schizophrenia">schizophrenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microglia" title=" microglia"> microglia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autoantibodies" title=" autoantibodies"> autoantibodies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-32" title=" IL-32"> IL-32</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147605/autoantibodies-against-central-nervous-system-antigens-and-the-serum-levels-of-il-32-in-patients-with-schizophrenia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Newborn Hearing Screening: Experience from a Center in South part of Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marzieh%20Amiri">Marzieh Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Iranpour%20Mobarakeh"> Zahra Iranpour Mobarakeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Mehrbakhsh"> Fatemeh Mehrbakhsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Amiri"> Mehran Amiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Early diagnosis and intervention of congenital hearing loss is necessary to minimize the adverse effects of hearing loss. The aim of the present study was to report the results of newborn hearing screening in a centerin the south part of Iran, Fasa. Material and methods: In this study, the data related to 6,144 newbornsduring September 2018 up to September2021, was analyzed. Hearing screening was performed using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) tests. Results: From all 6144 newborns,3752 and 2392referred to the center from urban and rural part of Fasa, respectively. There were 2958 female and 3186 male in this study. Of 6144 newborns, 6098 ones passed the screening tests, and 46 neonates were referred to a diagnostic audiology clinic. Finally, nine neonates were diagnosed with congenital hearing loss (seven with sensorineural hearing loss and two with conductive hearing loss). The severity of all the hearing impaired neonates was moderate and above. The most important risk factors were family history of hearing loss, low gestational age, NICU hospitalization, and hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion: Our results showed that the prevalence of hearing loss was 1.46 per 1000 infants. Boosting public knowledge by providing families with proper education appears to be helpful in preventing the negative effects of delayed implementation of health screening programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newborn%20hearing%20screening" title="newborn hearing screening">newborn hearing screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hearing%20loss" title=" hearing loss"> hearing loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151940/newborn-hearing-screening-experience-from-a-center-in-south-part-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Intimate Partner Violence and the Risk of Children’s Growth and Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Abdollahi">Fatemeh Abdollahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munn-Sann%20Lye"> Munn-Sann Lye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamshid%20Yazdani%20Charati"> Jamshid Yazdani Charati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Zarghami"> Mehran Zarghami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The negative consequences of intimate partner violence (IPV) on children have not been studied extensively. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different types of IPV and its association with children’s growth and developmental problems. Methods: In a descriptive-analytical study, 596 mothers of one-year-old children referred to the primary health centers in Gonbad-e- Kavoos city were recruited (2018). The data were collected using the World Health Organization Domestic Violence, Ages and Stages Questionnaire-12 and the socio-economic, obstetrics, demographic and anthropometric characteristics related questionnaire. BMI Z-Score was categorized into three grades; thin (Z<-2), normal (-2≤Z<1), and overweight-obese (Z≥1). The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and regression. Results: The prevalence of physical, psychological, and sexual IPV was 7.4%, 29.5%, and 2.4%, respectively. Most of the children were of normal weight at one-year-old (91.7%). Similarly, the prevalence of overweight and obese was 13.3% and 8%, respectively. 2% of children had developmental problems at age one. There was a significant relationship between the father’s education and occupation and IPV and children’s delay in growth, respectively. There was no significant difference between BMI Z-Score and developmental disabilities in the children in women exposed and not exposed to all types of IPV. Conclusions: The prevalence of psychological IPV was common. IPV and children’s growth problems were influenced by the father’s socio-economic status. Preventing psychological IPV as a forerunner of other types of IPV and improving the economic situation may help in the reduction of these difficulties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intimate%20partner%20violence" title=" intimate partner violence"> intimate partner violence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161981/intimate-partner-violence-and-the-risk-of-childrens-growth-and-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Insight into Enhancement of CO2 Capture by Clay Minerals </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mardin%20Abdalqadir">Mardin Abdalqadir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Adzakro"> Paul Adzakro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tannaz%20Pak"> Tannaz Pak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sina%20%20Rezaei%20Gomari"> Sina Rezaei Gomari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change and global warming recently became significant concerns due to the massive emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, predominantly CO2 gases. Therefore, it is necessary to find sustainable and inexpensive methods to capture the greenhouse gasses and protect the environment for live species. The application of naturally available and cheap adsorbents of carbon such as clay minerals became a great interest. However, the minerals prone to low storage capacity despite their high affinity to adsorb carbon. This paper aims to explore ways to improve the pore volume and surface area of two selected clay minerals, ‘montmorillonite and kaolinite’ by acid treatment to overcome their low storage capacity. Montmorillonite and kaolinite samples were treated with different sulfuric acid concentrations (0.5, 1.2 and 2.5 M) at 40 °C for 8 hours to achieve the above aim. The grain size distribution and morphology of clay minerals before and after acid treatment were explored with Scanning Electron Microscope to evaluate surface area improvement. The ImageJ software was used to find the porosity and pore volume of treated and untreated clay samples. The structure of the clay minerals was also analyzed using an X-ray Diffraction machine. The results showed that the pore volume and surface area were increased substantially through acid treatment, which speeded up the rate of carbon dioxide adsorption. XRD pattern of kaolinite did not change after sulfuric acid treatment, which indicates that acid treatment would not affect the structure of kaolinite. It was also discovered that kaolinite had a higher pore volume and porosity than montmorillonite before and after acid treatment. For example, the pore volume of untreated kaolinite was equal to 30.498 um3 with a porosity of 23.49%. Raising the concentration of acid from 0.5 M to 2.5 M in 8 hours’ time reaction led to increased pore volume from 30.498 um3 to 34.73 um3. The pore volume of raw montmorillonite was equal to 15.610 um3 with a porosity of 12.7%. When the acid concentration was raised from 0.5 M to 2.5 M for the same reaction time, pore volume also increased from 15.610 um3 to 20.538 um3. However, montmorillonite had a higher specific surface area than kaolinite. This study concludes that clay minerals are inexpensive and available material sources to model the realistic conditions and apply the results of carbon capture to prevent global warming, which is one of the most critical and urgent problems in the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20treatment" title="acid treatment">acid treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kaolinite" title=" kaolinite"> kaolinite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=montmorillonite" title=" montmorillonite"> montmorillonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pore%20volume" title=" pore volume"> pore volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20area" title=" surface area"> surface area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136993/insight-into-enhancement-of-co2-capture-by-clay-minerals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> A Survey of Types and Causes of Medication Errors and Related Factors in Clinical Nurses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kouorsh%20Zarea">Kouorsh Zarea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Hassani"> Fatemeh Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Beiranvand"> Samira Beiranvand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Mohamadi"> Akram Mohamadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Medication error in hospitals is a major cause of the errors which disrupt the health care system. The aim of this study was to assess the nurses’ medication errors and related factors. Material and methods: This was a descriptive study on 225 nurses in various hospitals, selected through multistage random sampling. Data was collected by three researcher made tools; demographic, medication error and related factors questionnaires. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, One-way analysis of variance. Results: Based on the results obtained, the type of medication errors giving drugs to patients later or earlier (55.6%), multiple oral medication together regardless of their interactions (36%) and the postoperative analgesic without a prescription (34.2%), respectively. In addition, factors such as the shortage of nurses to patients’ ratio (57.3%), high load functions (51.1%) and fatigue caused by the extra work (40.4%), were the most important factors affecting the incidence of medication errors. The fear of legal issues (40%) are the most important factor is the lack of reported medication errors. Conclusions: Based on the results, effective management and promotion motivate nurses. Therefore, increasing scientific and clinical expertise in the field of nursing medication orders is recommended to prevent medication errors in various states of nursing intervention. Employing experienced staff in areas with high risk of medication errors and also supervising less-experienced staff through competent personnel are also suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medication%20error" title="medication error">medication error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurse" title=" nurse"> nurse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20care" title=" clinical care"> clinical care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20errors" title=" drug errors"> drug errors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38681/a-survey-of-types-and-causes-of-medication-errors-and-related-factors-in-clinical-nurses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Validation of Electrical Field Effect on Electrostatic Desalter Modeling with Experimental Laboratory Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Yazdanmehr">Fatemeh Yazdanmehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iulian%20Nistor"> Iulian Nistor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The scope of the current study is the evaluation of the electric field effect on electrostatic desalting mathematical modeling with laboratory data. This research study was focused on developing a model for an existing operation desalting unit of one of the Iranian heavy oil field with a 75 MBPD production capacity. The high temperature of inlet oil to dehydration unit reduces the oil recovery, so the mathematical modeling of desalter operation parameters is very significant. The existing production unit operating data has been used for the accuracy of the mathematical desalting plant model. The inlet oil temperature to desalter was decreased from 110 to 80°C, and the desalted electrical field was increased from 0.75 to 2.5 Kv/cm. The model result shows that the desalter parameter changes meet the water-oil specification and also the oil production and consequently annual income is increased. In addition to that, changing desalter operation conditions reduces environmental footprint because of flare gas reduction. Following to specify the accuracy of selected electrostatic desalter electrical field, laboratory data has been used. Experimental data are used to ensure the effect of electrical field change on desalter. Therefore, the lab test is done on a crude oil sample. The results include the dehydration efficiency in the presence of a demulsifier and under electrical field (0.75 Kv) conditions at various temperatures. Comparing lab experimental and electrostatic desalter mathematical model results shows 1-3 percent acceptable error which confirms the validity of desalter specification and operation conditions changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desalter" title="desalter">desalter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20field" title=" electrical field"> electrical field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demulsification" title=" demulsification"> demulsification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title=" mathematical modeling"> mathematical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-oil%20separation" title=" water-oil separation"> water-oil separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152179/validation-of-electrical-field-effect-on-electrostatic-desalter-modeling-with-experimental-laboratory-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Study of the Persian Gulf’s and Oman Sea’s Numerical Tidal Currents </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Sadat%20Sharifi">Fatemeh Sadat Sharifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, a barotropic model was employed to consider the tidal studies in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, where the only sufficient force was the tidal force. To do that, a finite-difference, free-surface model called Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS), was employed on the data over the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. To analyze flow patterns of the region, the results of limited size model of The Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) were appropriated. The two points were determined since both are one of the most critical water body in case of the economy, biology, fishery, Shipping, navigation, and petroleum extraction. The OSU Tidal Prediction Software (OTPS) tide and observation data validated the modeled result. Next, tidal elevation and speed, and tidal analysis were interpreted. Preliminary results determine a significant accuracy in the tidal height compared with observation and OTPS data, declaring that tidal currents are highest in Hormuz Strait and the narrow and shallow region between Iranian coasts and Islands. Furthermore, tidal analysis clarifies that the M_2 component has the most significant value. Finally, the Persian Gulf tidal currents are divided into two branches: the first branch converts from south to Qatar and via United Arab Emirate rotates to Hormuz Strait. The secondary branch, in north and west, extends up to the highest point in the Persian Gulf and in the head of Gulf turns counterclockwise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20model" title="numerical model">numerical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barotropic%20tide" title=" barotropic tide"> barotropic tide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tidal%20currents" title=" tidal currents"> tidal currents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSU%20tidal%20prediction%20software" title=" OSU tidal prediction software"> OSU tidal prediction software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OTPS" title=" OTPS"> OTPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112497/study-of-the-persian-gulfs-and-oman-seas-numerical-tidal-currents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Kinetic Study on Extracting Lignin from Black Liquor Using Deep Eutectic Solvents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Saadat%20Ghareh%20Bagh">Fatemeh Saadat Ghareh Bagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srimanta%20Ray"> Srimanta Ray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerald%20Lalman"> Jerald Lalman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lignin, the largest inventory of organic carbon with a high caloric energy value is a major component in woody and non-woody biomass. In pulping mills, a large amount of the lignin is burned for energy. At the same time, the phenolic structure of lignin enables it to be converted to value-added compounds.This study has focused on extracting lignin from black liquor using deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Therefore, three choline chloride (ChCl)-DESs paired with lactic acid (LA) (1:11), oxalic acid.2H₂O (OX) (1:4), and malic acid (MA) (1:3) were synthesized at 90oC and atmospheric pressure. The kinetics of lignin recovery from black liquor using DES was investigated at three moderate temperatures (338, 353, and 368 K) at time intervals from 30 to 210 min. The extracted lignin (acid soluble lignin plus Klason lignin) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The FTIR studies included comparing the extracted lignin with a model Kraft lignin. The extracted lignin was characterized spectrophotometrically to determine the acid soluble lignin (ASL) [TAPPI UM 250] fraction and Klason lignin was determined gravimetrically using TAPPI T 222 om02. The lignin extraction reaction using DESs was modeled by first-order reaction kinetics and the activation energy of the process was determined. The ChCl:LA-DES recovered lignin was 79.7±2.1% at 368K and a DES:BL ratio of 4:1 (v/v). The quantity of lignin extracted for the control solvent, [emim][OAc], was 77.5+2.2%. The activation energy measured for the LA-DES system was 22.7 KJ mol⁻¹, while the activation energy for the OX-DES and MA-DES systems were 7.16 KJ·mol⁻¹ and 8.66 KJ·mol⁻¹ when the total lignin recovery was 75.4 ±0.9% and 62.4 ±1.4, % respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20liquor" title="black liquor">black liquor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20eutectic%20solvents" title=" deep eutectic solvents"> deep eutectic solvents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title=" kinetics"> kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignin" title=" lignin"> lignin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98576/kinetic-study-on-extracting-lignin-from-black-liquor-using-deep-eutectic-solvents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98576.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Effect of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad Supplementation on Inflammatory and Antioxidant Indicators in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Bordbar">Maryam Bordbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaser%20Mokhayeri"> Yaser Mokhayeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Roosta"> Sajjad Roosta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Ghasemi"> Fatemeh Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Choobkar"> Saeed Choobkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Nikbakht"> Hamidreza Nikbakht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Falahi"> Ebrahim Falahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is the most common metabolic disorder that is growing exponentially worldwide. Satureja Khuzestanica Jamzad is a native plant of Iran that grows widely in the south of Iran. Its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects have been documented in animal studies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of consumption daily S. khuzestanica on inflammatory and antioxidant indicators in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods and Materials: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 67 patients with type 2 diabetes were included and divided into two groups. One group received S. khuzestanica (capsule containing 500 mg) and the other group received placebo (500 mg talcum powder) once a day for 12 weeks. After the intervention, the inflammatory and antioxidant indicators of the two groups were compared. Results: In comparison to placebo groups, there was a significant difference in levels of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase; these antioxidant indicators were higher in the intervention group (P<0.05). Moreover, a considerable decrease in weight, CRP and IL-6 levels were observed in patients in the S.Khuzestanica group. Conclusion: Our findings may provide novel complementary treatments without adverse effects for diabetes complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satureja%20khuzestanica%20Jamzad" title="Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad">Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title=" diabetes mellitus"> diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20indicators" title=" antioxidant indicators"> antioxidant indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IL-6" title=" IL-6"> IL-6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-reactive%20protein" title=" C-reactive protein"> C-reactive protein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177405/effect-of-satureja-khuzestanica-jamzad-supplementation-on-inflammatory-and-antioxidant-indicators-in-type-2-diabetes-patients-a-randomized-controlled-clinical-trial-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> The Effect of the Environmental Activities of Organizations on Financial Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Khalili%20Varnamkhasti">Fatemeh Khalili Varnamkhasti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural administration has outside impacts such that companies regularly respect natural input as a fetched with no clear advantage. In this manner, in case natural security can bring financial benefits, showing that natural security and financial interface are in concordance, companies will effectively fulfill their obligation to ensure the environment. Contamination is, for the most part, related to the squandering of assets, misplaced vitality, and crude materials not completely utilized. Contamination avoidance and clean innovation, as inner organizational hones, can offer assistance to play down taken toll and to develop economic aptitudes for the long run, whereas outside organizational hones (item stewardship and maintainability vision) can offer assistance to coordinated partner sees into trade operations and to define future commerce directions. Taken together, these practices can drive shareholder esteem while at the same time contributing to a more feasible world. On the off chance that the company's budgetary execution is nice, it'll draw in financial specialists to contribute and progress the company's execution. In this way, budgetary execution is additionally the determinant of the progression of a company. This can be because the monetary back gotten by the company gets to be the premise for the running of trade forms in the future. Moreover, A green picture can assist firms in pulling in more clients by influencing shopper choices and moving forward with buyer brand dependability. Numerous shoppers need to purchase items from ecologically inviting firms, in spite of the fact that there are, of course, a few who will not pay premium costs for green items. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20activities" title="environmental activities">environmental activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20performanance" title=" financial performanance"> financial performanance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advantage" title=" advantage"> advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clients" title=" clients"> clients</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179611/the-effect-of-the-environmental-activities-of-organizations-on-financial-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Eugenol Effects on Metabolic Syndrome Induced Liver Damages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Kourkinejad%20Gharaei">Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahereh%20Safari"> Tahereh Safari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Saebinasab"> Zahra Saebinasab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most important liver disorder in metabolic syndrome. High fructose consumption increases the risk of NAFLD. Eugenol shows anti-thrombotic, insulin-sensitive, fat-reducing effects. This study was designed to investigate the protective role of eugenol in NAFLD caused by metabolic syndrome. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups; group 1, drinking water intake animals; group 2, fructose, group 3, fructose+eugenol solvent; group 4, fructose+ eugenol 50mg/kg and group 5, fructose+ eugenol 100mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, after 12 hours of fasting and under anesthesia, blood samples were taken for measurement of fast blood glucose (FBS), SGOT, AGPT, LDL, HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride. Results: FBG significantly increased in group 2 compared to group 1 (p < 0.001); however, it significantly decreased in groups 4 and 5 compared to group 2 (p < 0.05). SGOT and SGPT levels significantly increased in group 2 compared to drinking water alone (p < 0.001). However, SGOT and SGPT levels significantly decreased in groups 4 and 5. MDA and LTDS significantly increased in group 2 compared with drinking water alone (p < 0.01), while MDA and LTDS decreased in 4 and 5 groups compared to group 2 (p < 0.05), which confirms the pathology results related to the liver damage. Conclusion: Eugenol has protective effects on the liver and fat accumulation in liver cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eugenol" title="eugenol">eugenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fructose" title=" fructose"> fructose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonalcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease" title=" nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"> nonalcoholic fatty liver disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130856/eugenol-effects-on-metabolic-syndrome-induced-liver-damages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Advancements in Laser Welding Process: A Comprehensive Model for Predictive Geometrical, Metallurgical, and Mechanical Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedeh%20Fatemeh%20Nabavi">Seyedeh Fatemeh Nabavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Dalir"> Hamid Dalir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anooshiravan%20Farshidianfar"> Anooshiravan Farshidianfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laser welding is pivotal in modern manufacturing, offering unmatched precision, speed, and efficiency. Its versatility in minimizing heat-affected zones, seamlessly joining dissimilar materials, and working with various metals makes it indispensable for crafting intricate automotive components. Integration into automated systems ensures consistent delivery of high-quality welds, thereby enhancing overall production efficiency. Noteworthy are the safety benefits of laser welding, including reduced fumes and consumable materials, which align with industry standards and environmental sustainability goals. As the automotive sector increasingly demands advanced materials and stringent safety and quality standards, laser welding emerges as a cornerstone technology. A comprehensive model encompassing thermal dynamic and characteristics models accurately predicts geometrical, metallurgical, and mechanical aspects of the laser beam welding process. Notably, Model 2 showcases exceptional accuracy, achieving remarkably low error rates in predicting primary and secondary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS and SDAS). These findings underscore the model's reliability and effectiveness, providing invaluable insights and predictive capabilities crucial for optimizing welding processes and ensuring superior productivity, efficiency, and quality in the automotive industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20welding%20process" title="laser welding process">laser welding process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometrical%20characteristics" title=" geometrical characteristics"> geometrical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characteristics" title=" mechanical characteristics"> mechanical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallurgical%20characteristics" title=" metallurgical characteristics"> metallurgical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20model" title=" comprehensive model"> comprehensive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20dynamic" title=" thermal dynamic"> thermal dynamic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182985/advancements-in-laser-welding-process-a-comprehensive-model-for-predictive-geometrical-metallurgical-and-mechanical-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Biophysical Consideration in the Interaction of Biological Cell Membranes with Virus Nanofilaments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Farokhirad">Samaneh Farokhirad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Ahmadpoor"> Fatemeh Ahmadpoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biological membranes are constantly in contact with various filamentous soft nanostructures that either reside on their surface or are being transported between the cell and its environment. In particular, viral infections are determined by the interaction of viruses (such as filovirus) with cell membranes, membrane protein organization (such as cytoskeletal proteins and actin filament bundles) has been proposed to influence the mechanical properties of lipid membranes, and the adhesion of filamentous nanoparticles influence their delivery yield into target cells or tissues. The goal of this research is to integrate the rapidly increasing but still fragmented experimental observations on the adhesion and self-assembly of nanofilaments (including filoviruses, actin filaments, as well as natural and synthetic nanofilaments) on cell membranes into a general, rigorous, and unified knowledge framework. The global outbreak of the coronavirus disease in 2020, which has persisted for over three years, highlights the crucial role that nanofilamentbased delivery systems play in human health. This work will unravel the role of a unique property of all cell membranes, namely flexoelectricity, and the significance of nanofilaments’ flexibility in the adhesion and self-assembly of nanofilaments on cell membranes. This will be achieved utilizing a set of continuum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. The findings will help address the societal needs to understand biophysical principles that govern the attachment of filoviruses and flexible nanofilaments onto the living cells and provide guidance on the development of nanofilament-based vaccines for a range of diseases, including infectious diseases and cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virus%20nanofilaments" title="virus nanofilaments">virus nanofilaments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20mechanics" title=" cell mechanics"> cell mechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20biophysics" title=" computational biophysics"> computational biophysics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20mechanics" title=" statistical mechanics"> statistical mechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169732/biophysical-consideration-in-the-interaction-of-biological-cell-membranes-with-virus-nanofilaments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Evaluating the Potential of Microwave Treatment as a Rock Pre-Conditioning Method in Achieving a More Sustainable Mining</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Ahmadi%20Hosseini">Adel Ahmadi Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Tavanaei"> Fatemeh Tavanaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Navarra"> Alessandro Navarra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferri%20Hassani"> Ferri Hassani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mining engineering, as a part of geoscience, must address modern concerns. Traditional mining methods incorporate drill and blast technologies, which are followed by different issues, including excessive noise, vibration, air pollution, and safety hazards. Over the past two decades, mining engineers have sought alternative solutions to move from drill and blast to continuous methods to prevent such issues and improve sustainability in mining. Among the suggested methods, microwave treatment has shown promising results by creating micro/macro cracks in the rock structure prior to the operations. This research utilizes an energy-based analysis methodology to evaluate the efficiency of the microwave treatment in improving mining operations. The data analysis shows that increasing the input microwave energy dosage intensifies the rock damage. However, this approach can decrease the energy efficiency of the method by more than 50% in some cases. In this study, rock samples were treated with three power levels (3 kW, 7 kW, and 12 kW) and two energy dosages (20 kWh/t and 50 kWh/t), resulting in six conditions. To evaluate the impact of microwave treatment on the geomechanical behavior of the rocks, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests were conducted on the microwave-treated samples, yielding stress-strain curves. Using the stress-strain curves, the effect of the different powers and energy dosages of microwaves are discussed. This research shows the potential of using microwave treatment to lead the industry to more sustainable mining. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20treatment" title="microwave treatment">microwave treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20energy%20dosage" title=" microwave energy dosage"> microwave energy dosage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20mining" title=" sustainable mining"> sustainable mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20fragmentation" title=" rock fragmentation"> rock fragmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186898/evaluating-the-potential-of-microwave-treatment-as-a-rock-pre-conditioning-method-in-achieving-a-more-sustainable-mining" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> The Effects of Passive and Active Recoveries on Responses of Platelet Indices and Hemodynamic Variables to Resistance Exercise </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Soltani">Mohammad Soltani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajad%20Ahmadizad"> Sajad Ahmadizad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Hoseinzadeh"> Fatemeh Hoseinzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atefe%20Sarvestan"> Atefe Sarvestan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exercise recovery is an important variable in designing resistance exercise training. This study determined the effects of passive and active recoveries on responses of platelet indices and hemodynamic variables to resistance exercise. Twelve healthy subjects (six men and six women, age, 25.4 ±2.5 yrs) performed two types of resistance exercise protocols (six exercises including upper- and lower-body parts) at two separate sessions with one-week intervening. First resistance protocol included three sets of six repetitions at 80% of 1RM with 2 min passive rest between sets and exercises; while, the second protocol included three sets of six repetitions at 60% of 1RM followed by active recovery included six repetitions of the same exercise at 20% of 1RM. The exercise volume was equalized. Three blood samples were taken before exercise, immediately after exercise and after 1-hour recovery, and analyzed for fibrinogen and platelet indices. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rate pressure product (RPP), were measured before, immediately after exercise and every 5 minutes during recovery. Data analyzes showed a significant increase in SBP (systolic blood pressure), HR, rate of pressure product (RPP) and PLT in response to resistance exercise (P<0.05) and that changes for HR and RPP were significantly different between two protocols (P<0.05). Furthermore, MPV and P_LCR did not change in response to resistance exercise, though significant reductions were observed after 1h recovery compared to before and after exercise (P<0.05). No significant changes in fibrinogen and PDW following two types of resistance exercise protocols were observed (P>0.05). On the other hand, no significant differences in platelet indices were found between the two protocols (P>0.05). Resistance exercise induces changes in platelet indices and hemodynamic variables, and that these changes are not related to the type of recovery and returned to normal levels after 1h recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemodynamic%20variables" title="hemodynamic variables">hemodynamic variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=platelet%20indices" title=" platelet indices"> platelet indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20exercise" title=" resistance exercise"> resistance exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recovery%20intensity" title=" recovery intensity"> recovery intensity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123887/the-effects-of-passive-and-active-recoveries-on-responses-of-platelet-indices-and-hemodynamic-variables-to-resistance-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> A System Dynamics Model for Analyzing Customer Satisfaction in Healthcare Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Bastan">Mahdi Bastan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mohammad%20Ahmadvand"> Ali Mohammad Ahmadvand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Soltani%20Khamsehpour"> Fatemeh Soltani Khamsehpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Health organizations’ sustainable development has nowadays become highly affected by customers’ satisfaction due to significant changes made in the business environment of the healthcare system and emerging of Competitiveness paradigm. In case we look at the hospitals and other health organizations as service providers concerning profit issues, the satisfaction of employees as interior customers, and patients as exterior customers would be of significant importance in health business success. Furthermore, satisfaction rate could be considered in performance assessment of healthcare organizations as a perceived quality measure. Several researches have been carried out in identification of effective factors on patients’ satisfaction in health organizations. However, considering a systemic view, the complex causal relations among many components of healthcare system would be an issue that its acquisition and sustainability requires an understanding of the dynamic complexity, an appropriate cognition of different components, and effective relationships among them resulting ultimately in identifying the generative structure of patients’ satisfaction. Hence, the presenting paper applies system dynamics approaches coherently and methodologically to represent the systemic structure of customers’ satisfaction of a health system involving the constituent components and interactions among them. Then, the results of different policies taken on the system are simulated via developing mathematical models, identifying leverage points, and using scenario making technique and then, the best solutions are presented to improve customers’ satisfaction of the services. The presenting approach supports taking advantage of decision support systems. Additionally, relying on understanding of system behavior Dynamics, the effective policies for improving the health system would be recognized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20satisfaction" title="customer satisfaction">customer satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenario" title=" scenario"> scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamics" title=" system dynamics"> system dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37574/a-system-dynamics-model-for-analyzing-customer-satisfaction-in-healthcare-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Low Temperature Biological Treatment of Chemical Oxygen Demand for Agricultural Water Reuse Application Using Robust Biocatalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vedansh%20Gupta">Vedansh Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allyson%20Lutz"> Allyson Lutz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameen%20Razavi"> Ameen Razavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Shirazi"> Fatemeh Shirazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The agriculture industry is especially vulnerable to forecasted water shortages. In the fresh and fresh-cut produce sector, conventional flume-based washing with recirculation exhibits high water demand. This leads to a large water footprint and possible cross-contamination of pathogens. These can be alleviated through advanced water reuse processes, such as membrane technologies including reverse osmosis (RO). Water reuse technologies effectively remove dissolved constituents but can easily foul without pre-treatment. Biological treatment is effective for the removal of organic compounds responsible for fouling, but not at the low temperatures encountered at most produce processing facilities. This study showed that the Microvi MicroNiche Engineering (MNE) technology effectively removes organic compounds (> 80%) at low temperatures (6-8 °C) from wash water. The MNE technology uses synthetic microorganism-material composites with negligible solids production, making it advantageously situated as an effective bio-pretreatment for RO. A preliminary technoeconomic analysis showed 60-80% savings in operation and maintenance costs (OPEX) when using the Microvi MNE technology for organics removal. This study and the accompanying economic analysis indicated that the proposed technology process will substantially reduce the cost barrier for adopting water reuse practices, thereby contributing to increased food safety and furthering sustainable water reuse processes across the agricultural industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20pre-treatment" title="biological pre-treatment">biological pre-treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%20technology" title=" innovative technology"> innovative technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20processing" title=" vegetable processing"> vegetable processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20reuse" title=" water reuse"> water reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20osmosis" title=" reverse osmosis"> reverse osmosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MNE%20biocatalysts" title=" MNE biocatalysts"> MNE biocatalysts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134239/low-temperature-biological-treatment-of-chemical-oxygen-demand-for-agricultural-water-reuse-application-using-robust-biocatalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Relationship Between Upper Extremity Erectile Abnormalities with Quality of Life Factors and Physical Self-concept in Boy Students 7 to 10 Years</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadiya%20Zahra%20Karimi">Nadiya Zahra Karimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Ghiami%20Rad"> Amir Ghiami Rad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The physical health of students from an early age and the proper formation of the musculoskeletal system of their body is part of the overall health of these people. Most chronic musculoskeletal problems and pains can be controlled and reduced with education at an early age. Therefore, with the correct and timely diagnosis of these abnormalities, we can play an important role in their proper treatment and control, and in a way, raise the level of quality of life and positive self-concept in students. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between erectile dysfunctions of the upper limbs (head and neck, shoulder, thoracic and lumbar) and the quality of life and self-concept of male students aged 7 to 10 years. The statical population of the study consists of 227 students of shahadat boys’ primary school in khajeh city. Due to the corona pandemic conditions, the research samples were identified after screening and available according to the entrance criteria of the study. To validate the quality of life, the valid WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire will be used for self-concept variables, Dolatabadi, Fatemeh (2007) questionnaire, and for physical screening, a checkerboard, plumb line, and flexible ruler will be used. There is a negative and significant relationship between the dimensions of upper limb anomalies and quality of life factors, and also there is a negative and significant relationship between the dimensions of upper limb anomalies and self-concept factors. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between head and neck abnormalities with quality of life and self-concept factors, with a significance level of less than 0.05 in male students aged 7 to 10 years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20limb%20erectile%20dysfunction" title="upper limb erectile dysfunction">upper limb erectile dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-concept" title=" self-concept"> self-concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erectile%20abnormalities" title=" erectile abnormalities"> erectile abnormalities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158626/relationship-between-upper-extremity-erectile-abnormalities-with-quality-of-life-factors-and-physical-self-concept-in-boy-students-7-to-10-years" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> The Effect of Eight-Week Medium Intensity Interval Training and Curcumin Intake on ICMA-1 and VCAM-1 Levels in Menopausal Fat Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolrasoul%20Daneshjoo">Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Akbari%20Ghara"> Fatemeh Akbari Ghara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purpose: Obesity is an increasing factor in cardiovascular disease and serum levels of cellular adhesion molecule. It plays an important role in predicting risk for coronary artery disease. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks moderate intensity interval training and curcumin intake on ICAM-1 & VCAM-1 levels of menopausal fat rats. Materials and methods: in this study, 28 Wistar Menopausal fat rats aged 6-8 weeks with an average weight of 250-300 (gr) were randomly divided into four groups: control, curcumin supplement, moderate intensity interval training and moderate intensity interval training + curcumin supplement. (7 rats each group). The training program was planned as 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Each session consisted of 10 one-min sets with 50 percent intensity and the 2-minutes interval between sets in the first week. Subjects started with 14 meters per minute, and 2 (m/min) was added to increase their speed weekly until the speed of 28 (m/min) in the 8th week. Blood samples were taken 48 hours after the last training session, and ICAM-1 A and VCAM-1 levels were measured. SPSS software, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to assess the results. Results: The results showed that eight weeks of training and taking curcumin had significant effects on ICAM-1 levels of the rats (p ≤ 0.05). However, it had no significant effect on VCAM-1 levels in menopausal obese rates (p ≥ 0.05). There was no significant correlation between the levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in eight weeks training and taking curcumin. Conclusion: Implementation of moderate intensity interval training and the use of curcumin decreased ICAM-1 significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curcumin" title="curcumin">curcumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval%20training" title=" interval training "> interval training </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICMA" title=" ICMA"> ICMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VCAM" title=" VCAM"> VCAM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75222/the-effect-of-eight-week-medium-intensity-interval-training-and-curcumin-intake-on-icma-1-and-vcam-1-levels-in-menopausal-fat-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Optimization, Characterization and Stability of Trachyspermum copticum Essential Oil Loaded in Niosome Nanocarriers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohadese%20Hashemi">Mohadese Hashemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Akhoundi%20Kharanaghi"> Elham Akhoundi Kharanaghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Haghiralsadat"> Fatemeh Haghiralsadat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojgan%20Yazdani"> Mojgan Yazdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Javani"> Omid Javani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahboobe%20Sharafodini"> Mahboobe Sharafodini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davood%20Rajabi"> Davood Rajabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles in aqueous media resulting in closed bilayer structures that can be used as carriers of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. The use of niosomes for encapsulation of essential oils (EOs) is an attractive new approach to overcome their physicochemical stability concerns include sensibility to oxygen, light, temperature, and volatility, and their reduced bioavailability which is due to low solubility in water. EOs are unstable and fragile volatile compounds which have strong interest in pharmaceutical due to their medicinal properties such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antioxidant activities without side effects. Trachyspermum copticum (ajwain) is an annual aromatic plant with important medicinal properties that grows widely around Mediterranean region and south-west Asian countries. The major components of the ajwain oil were reported as thymol, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, and carvacrol which provide antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The aim of this work was to formulate ajwain essential oil-loaded niosomes to improve water solubility of natural product and evaluate its physico-chemical features and stability. Ajwain oil was obtained through steam distillation using a clevenger-type apparatus and GC/MS was applied to identify the main components of the essential oil. Niosomes were prepared by using thin film hydration method and nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, dispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release, and morphology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trachyspermum%20copticum" title="trachyspermum copticum">trachyspermum copticum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ajwain" title=" ajwain"> ajwain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=niosome" title=" niosome"> niosome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulation" title=" encapsulation"> encapsulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33687/optimization-characterization-and-stability-of-trachyspermum-copticum-essential-oil-loaded-in-niosome-nanocarriers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Beyond Typical Textbooks: Adapting Authentic Materials for Engaged Learning in the ELT Classroom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Miraki">Fatemeh Miraki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of authentic materials in English Language Teaching (ELT) has become increasingly prominent as educators recognize the value of exposing learners to real-world language use and cultural contexts. The integration of authentic materials in ELT aligns with the understanding that language learning is most effective when situated within authentic contexts (Richards & Rodgers, 2001). Tomlinson (1998) highlights the significance of authentic materials in ELT by research indicating that they offer learners exposure to genuine language use and cultural contexts. Tomlinson's work emphasizes the importance of creating meaningful learning experiences through the use of authentic materials. Research by Dörnyei (2001) underscores the potential of authentic materials to enhance students' intrinsic motivation through their relevance to real-life language use. The goal of this review paper is to explore the use of authentic materials in English Language Teaching (ELT) and its impact on language learning. It also discusses best practices for selecting and integrating such authentic materials into ELT curriculum, highlighting the benefits and challenges of using authentic materials to enhance student engagement, motivation, and language proficiency. Drawing on current research and practical examples, this paper provides insights into how teachers can effectively navigate the world of authentic materials to create dynamic and meaningful learning experiences for 21st century ELT learners. The findings of this study advocates for a shift towards embracing authentic materials within the ELT classroom, acknowledging their profound impact on language proficiency, intercultural competence, and learner engagement. It showed the transformative potential of authentic materials, educators can undergo a vibrant and immersive language learning experience, enriched with real-world application and cultural authenticity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentic%20materials" title="authentic materials">authentic materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ELT%20Classroom" title=" ELT Classroom"> ELT Classroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ELT%20curriculum" title=" ELT curriculum"> ELT curriculum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%E2%80%99%20engagement" title=" students’ engagement"> students’ engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180103/beyond-typical-textbooks-adapting-authentic-materials-for-engaged-learning-in-the-elt-classroom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Finite Element Molecular Modeling: A Structural Method for Large Deformations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rezaei">A. Rezaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Huisman"> M. Huisman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Van%20Paepegem"> W. Van Paepegem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Atomic interactions in molecular systems are mainly studied by particle mechanics. Nevertheless, researches have also put on considerable effort to simulate them using continuum methods. In early 2000, simple equivalent finite element models have been developed to study the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene in composite materials. Afterward, many researchers have employed similar structural simulation approaches to obtain mechanical properties of nanostructured materials, to simplify interface behavior of fiber-reinforced composites, and to simulate defects in carbon nanotubes or graphene sheets, etc. These structural approaches, however, are limited to small deformations due to complicated local rotational coordinates. This article proposes a method for the finite element simulation of molecular mechanics. For ease in addressing the approach, here it is called Structural Finite Element Molecular Modeling (SFEMM). SFEMM method improves the available structural approaches for large deformations, without using any rotational degrees of freedom. Moreover, the method simulates molecular conformation, which is a big advantage over the previous approaches. Technically, this method uses nonlinear multipoint constraints to simulate kinematics of the atomic multibody interactions. Only truss elements are employed, and the bond potentials are implemented through constitutive material models. Because the equilibrium bond- length, bond angles, and bond-torsion potential energies are intrinsic material parameters, the model is independent of initial strains or stresses. In this paper, the SFEMM method has been implemented in ABAQUS finite element software. The constraints and material behaviors are modeled through two Fortran subroutines. The method is verified for the bond-stretch, bond-angle and bond-torsion of carbon atoms. Furthermore, the capability of the method in the conformation simulation of molecular structures is demonstrated via a case study of a graphene sheet. Briefly, SFEMM builds up a framework that offers more flexible features over the conventional molecular finite element models, serving the structural relaxation modeling and large deformations without incorporating local rotational degrees of freedom. Potentially, the method is a big step towards comprehensive molecular modeling with finite element technique, and thereby concurrently coupling an atomistic domain to a solid continuum domain within a single finite element platform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20deformation" title=" large deformation"> large deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20mechanics" title=" molecular mechanics"> molecular mechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20method" title=" structural method"> structural method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116070/finite-element-molecular-modeling-a-structural-method-for-large-deformations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> The Impact of Climate Change on Sustainable Aquaculture Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peyman%20Mosberian-Tanha">Peyman Mosberian-Tanha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Rezaei"> Mona Rezaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aquaculture sector is the fastest growing food sector with annual growth rate of about 10%. The sustainability of aquaculture production, however, has been debated mainly in relation to the feed ingredients used for farmed fish. The industry has been able to decrease its dependency on marine-based ingredients in line with policies for more sustainable production. As a result, plant-based ingredients have increasingly been incorporated in aquaculture feeds, especially in feeds for popular carnivorous species, salmonids. The effect of these ingredients on salmonids’ health and performance has been widely studied. In most cases, plant-based diets are associated with varying degrees of health and performance issues across salmonids, partly depending on inclusion levels of plant ingredients and the species in question. However, aquaculture sector is facing another challenge of concern. Environmental challenges in association with climate change is another issue the aquaculture sector must deal with. Data from trials in salmonids subjected to environmental challenges of various types show adverse physiological responses, partly in relation to stress. To date, there are only a limited number of studies reporting the interactive effects of adverse environmental conditions and dietary regimens on salmonids. These studies have shown that adverse environmental conditions exacerbate the detrimental effect of plant-based diets on digestive function and health in salmonids. This indicates an additional challenge for the aquaculture sector to grow in a sustainable manner. The adverse environmental conditions often studied in farmed fish is the change in certain water quality parameters such as oxygen and/or temperature that are typically altered in response to climate change and, more specifically, global warming. In a challenge study, we observed that the in the fish fed a plant-based diet, the fish’s ability to absorb dietary energy was further reduced when reared under low oxygen level. In addition, gut health in these fish was severely impaired. Some other studies also confirm the adverse effect of environmental challenge on fish’s gut health. These effects on the digestive function and gut health of salmonids may result in less resistance to diseases and weaker performance with significant economic and ethical implications. Overall, various findings indicate the multidimensional negative effects of climate change, as a major environmental issue, in different sectors, including aquaculture production. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of different ways to cope with climate change is essential for planning more sustainable strategies in aquaculture sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture" title="aquaculture">aquaculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salmonids" title=" salmonids"> salmonids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144537/the-impact-of-climate-change-on-sustainable-aquaculture-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> The First Fungal Identification from Mini-BAL of Critical COVID-19 Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Fallah">Fatemeh Fallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ensieh%20Lotfali"> Ensieh Lotfali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Azimi"> Leila Azimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khodaei"> Hannan Khodaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Rajabnejad"> Maryam Rajabnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafiseh%20Abdollahi"> Nafiseh Abdollahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Tayebi"> Hossein Tayebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saham%20Ansari"> Saham Ansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeedeh%20Yaghoubi"> Saeedeh Yaghoubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdollah%20Karimi"> Abdollah Karimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide issue due to its high prevalence and rapid transmission. Fungal infections have been detected in COVID-19 patients, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to isolate Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor spp. on mini-bronchoalveolar lavage samples obtained from children with COVID-19 hospitalized in an Iranian children’s hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on mini-bronchoalveolar lavage samples from children confirmed positive for COVID-19 admitted to ICU with a ventilator from April 2021 to February 2022. Demographic characteristics were recorded, and fungal DNA was extracted from mini-BAL samples taken from children. Nested PCR was made with two primers for Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor spp. Results: Out of 100 children with COVID-19, all samples were negative for Aspergillus fumigatus; however, 12 cases were positive for BAL PCR for Mucor spp. Among the 12 patients, fever, shortness of breath, cough, and decreased level of consciousness were reported in 8.3% (n: 1), 16.6% (n: 2), 25% (n: 3), and 25% (n: 3), respectively. Most cases (41.7%; n: 5) suffered from heart disease, followed by underlying malignancy (33.4%; n: 4). All positive BAL PCR for Mucor spp. cases had significantly higher chest CT scan scores and spent more time under a ventilator. Conclusions: The identification of COVID-19 with Mucor spp. was observed among 12% (n: 12) of children hospitalized in a COVID-19 ICU. When dealing with pediatric COVID-19 patients, clinicians should consider the differential diagnosis of fungal co-infections and have a low threshold to begin treatment. Moreover, it is highly advisable to take prophylactic measures, such as properly using corticosteroids and shortening the intubation time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspergillosis" title="aspergillosis">aspergillosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19%20identification" title=" COVID-19 identification"> COVID-19 identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mucormycosis" title=" mucormycosis"> mucormycosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paediatrics" title=" paediatrics"> paediatrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184705/the-first-fungal-identification-from-mini-bal-of-critical-covid-19-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> The Effect of Ice in Pain Control before Digital Nerve Block</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Rasooli">Fatemeh Rasooli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Simiari"> Behzad Simiari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooya%20Payandemehr"> Pooya Payandemehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Nejati"> Amir Nejati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Bahreini"> Maryam Bahreini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atefeh%20Abdollahi"> Atefeh Abdollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Pain is a complex physiological reaction to tissue injury. In the course of painful procedures such as nerve block, ice has been shown to be a feasible and inexpensive material to control pain. It delays nerve conduction, actives other senses and reduces inflammatory and painful responses. This study assessed the effect of ice in reducing pain caused by needling and infiltration during digital block. Patient satisfaction recorded as a secondary outcome. Methods: This study was designed as a non-blinded randomized clinical trial approved by Tehran University of Medical Sciences Ethical Committee. Informed consent was taken from all the participants who were then randomly divided into two groups. Digital block performed by standard approach in selected patients. Tubes of ice were prepared in gloves and were fragmented at a time of application for circling around the finger. Tubes were applied for 6 minutes before digital nerve block in the site of needling in the case group. Patients in the control group underwent digital nerve block with the conventional method without ice administration. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) used for grading pain. 0 used for no pain and 10 for the worst pain that patient had experienced until now. Scores were analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and compared in case and control groups. Results: 100 patients aged 16-50 years were enrolled. Mean NRS scores with and without ice were 1.5 mm (S.D ± 1.44) and 6.8 mm (S.D ± 1.40) for needling pain and for infiltration pain were 2.7mm ( S.D ±1.65) and 8.5mm ( S.D ± 1.47), respectively (p<0.001). Besides, patients’ satisfactions were significantly higher in the ice group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Application of ice for 6 minutes significantly reduced pain of needling and infiltration in digital nerve block; thus, it seems to be a feasible and inexpensive material which acts effectively to decrease pain and stress before the procedure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20block" title="digital block">digital block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ice" title=" ice"> ice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=needle" title=" needle"> needle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title=" pain"> pain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77303/the-effect-of-ice-in-pain-control-before-digital-nerve-block" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Using Complete Soil Particle Size Distributions for More Precise Predictions of Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habib%20Khodaverdiloo">Habib Khodaverdiloo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20%20Afrasiabi"> Fatemeh Afrasiabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farrokh%20%20Asadzadeh"> Farrokh Asadzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martinus%20Th.%20Van%20Genuchten"> Martinus Th. Van Genuchten</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The soil particle-size distribution (PSD) is known to affect a broad range of soil physical, mechanical and hydraulic properties. Complete descriptions of a PSD curve should provide more information about these properties as opposed to having only information about soil textural class or the soil sand, silt and clay (SSC) fractions. We compared the accuracy of 19 different models of the cumulative PSD in terms of fitting observed data from a large number of Iranian soils. Parameters of the six most promising models were correlated with measured values of the field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs), the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates (MWD), bulk density (ρb), and porosity (∅). These same soil properties were correlated also with conventional PSD parameters (SSC fractions), selected geometric PSD parameters (notably the mean diameter dg and its standard deviation σg), and several other PSD parameters (D50 and D60). The objective was to find the best predictions of several soil physical quality indices and the soil hydraulic properties. Neither SSC nor dg, σg, D50 and D60 were found to have a significant correlation with both Kfs or logKfs, However, the parameters of several cumulative PSD models showed statistically significant correlation with Kfs and/or logKfs (|r| = 0.42 to 0.65; p ≤ 0.05). The correlation between MWD and the model parameters was generally also higher than either with SSC fraction and dg, or with D50 and D60. Porosity (∅) and the bulk density (ρb) also showed significant correlation with several PSD model parameters, with ρb additionally correlating significantly with various geometric (dg), mechanical (D50 and D60), and agronomic (clay and sand) representations of the PSD. The fitted parameters of selected PSD models furthermore showed statistically significant correlations with Kfs,, MWD and soil porosity, which may be viewed as soil quality indices. Results of this study are promising for developing more accurate pedotransfer functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20size%20distribution" title="particle size distribution">particle size distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20texture" title=" soil texture"> soil texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20conductivity" title=" hydraulic conductivity"> hydraulic conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedotransfer%20functions" title=" pedotransfer functions"> pedotransfer functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56687/using-complete-soil-particle-size-distributions-for-more-precise-predictions-of-soil-physical-and-hydraulic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> A Study on the Different Components of a Typical Back-Scattered Chipless RFID Tag Reflection </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Babaeian">Fatemeh Babaeian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nemai%20Chandra%20Karmakar"> Nemai Chandra Karmakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chipless RFID system is a wireless system for tracking and identification which use passive tags for encoding data. The advantage of using chipless RFID tag is having a planar tag which is printable on different low-cost materials like paper and plastic. The printed tag can be attached to different items in the labelling level. Since the price of chipless RFID tag can be as low as a fraction of a cent, this technology has the potential to compete with the conventional optical barcode labels. However, due to the passive structure of the tag, data processing of the reflection signal is a crucial challenge. The captured reflected signal from a tag attached to an item consists of different components which are the reflection from the reader antenna, the reflection from the item, the tag structural mode RCS component and the antenna mode RCS of the tag. All these components are summed up in both time and frequency domains. The effect of reflection from the item and the structural mode RCS component can distort/saturate the frequency domain signal and cause difficulties in extracting the desired component which is the antenna mode RCS. Therefore, it is required to study the reflection of the tag in both time and frequency domains to have a better understanding of the nature of the captured chipless RFID signal. The other benefits of this study can be to find an optimised encoding technique in tag design level and to find the best processing algorithm the chipless RFID signal in decoding level. In this paper, the reflection from a typical backscattered chipless RFID tag with six resonances is analysed, and different components of the signal are separated in both time and frequency domains. Moreover, the time domain signal corresponding to each resonator of the tag is studied. The data for this processing was captured from simulation in CST Microwave Studio 2017. The outcome of this study is understanding different components of a measured signal in a chipless RFID system and a discovering a research gap which is a need to find an optimum detection algorithm for tag ID extraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antenna%20mode%20RCS" title="antenna mode RCS">antenna mode RCS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chipless%20RFID%20tag" title=" chipless RFID tag"> chipless RFID tag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonance" title=" resonance"> resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20mode%20RCS" title=" structural mode RCS"> structural mode RCS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103734/a-study-on-the-different-components-of-a-typical-back-scattered-chipless-rfid-tag-reflection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> A Compact Via-less Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Filter by Utilizing Open-Circuit Quarter Wavelength Stubs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Yasir%20Wadood">Muhammad Yasir Wadood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Babaeian"> Fatemeh Babaeian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By developing ultra-wideband (UWB) systems, there is a high demand for UWB filters with low insertion loss, wide bandwidth, and having a planar structure which is compatible with other components of the UWB system. A microstrip interdigital filter is a great option for designing UWB filters. However, the presence of via holes in this structure creates difficulties in the fabrication procedure of the filter. Especially in the higher frequency band, any misalignment of the drilled via hole with the Microstrip stubs causes large errors in the measurement results compared to the desired results. Moreover, in this case (high-frequency designs), the line width of the stubs are very narrow, so highly precise small via holes are required to be implemented, which increases the cost of fabrication significantly. Also, in this case, there is a risk of having fabrication errors. To combat this issue, in this paper, a via-less UWB microstrip filter is proposed which is designed based on a modification of a conventional inter-digital bandpass filter. The novel approaches in this filter design are 1) replacement of each via hole with a quarter-wavelength open circuit stub to avoid the complexity of manufacturing, 2) using a bend structure to reduce the unwanted coupling effects and 3) minimising the size. Using the proposed structure, a UWB filter operating in the frequency band of 3.9-6.6 GHz (1-dB bandwidth) is designed and fabricated. The promising results of the simulation and measurement are presented in this paper. The selected substrate for these designs was Rogers RO4003 with a thickness of 20 mils. This is a common substrate in most of the industrial projects. The compact size of the proposed filter is highly beneficial for applications which require a very miniature size of hardware. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band-pass%20filters" title="band-pass filters">band-pass filters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-digital%20filter" title=" inter-digital filter"> inter-digital filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip" title=" microstrip"> microstrip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=via-less" title=" via-less"> via-less</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102110/a-compact-via-less-ultra-wideband-microstrip-filter-by-utilizing-open-circuit-quarter-wavelength-stubs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Proactive Business Approaches in Human Rights: The Implications of Corporate Social Responsibility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Jalalvand">Fatemeh Jalalvand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The critical human rights problems such as extreme poverty, hunger, inequalities and gender discrimination need to be addressed by powerful and influential actors in the world. In today’s globalization, corporations have become one of the potent agents in the society. They are capable of generating economic growth, reducing poverty, and increasing the well-being of individuals, thereby contributing to the betterment of a broad spectrum of human rights. However, the discussion on how business can contribute to human rights has primarily focused on not violating them (reactive approach) rather than improving the conditions and solving the problems of human rights (proactive approach). In particular, the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in bringing proactivity of business in human rights has gained less attention. This paper develops a conceptual framework to examine the role of different categories of CSR, including discretionary, ethical, legal, instrumental and political CSR in encouraging the proactive contribution of corporations to the betterment of human rights. The five propositions, related to the conceptual framework, outline the relationships between five categories of CSR and proactivity of corporations in human rights. The findings indicate that discretionary CSR with voluntary nature might not be able to motivate any contribution of business in human rights. Moreover, ethical CSR and legal CSR might lead to reactive strategies of business toward human rights. Meanwhile, the economic incentives behind the notion of instrumental CSR could result in partial proactive engagement of corporations in human rights. Finally, the internal motives as profit and power besides the external duties might lead to the highest level of proactivity of corporations in human rights under the context of political CSR. The model developed offers a map for business to adopt proactive human rights strategies more systematically maintaining key profit-drivers like power and profit. In sum, instrumental and political categories of CSR might lead corporations to improve the conditions of human rights proactively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSR" title="CSR">CSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proactive%20approach" title=" proactive approach"> proactive approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20approach" title=" reactive approach"> reactive approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95165/proactive-business-approaches-in-human-rights-the-implications-of-corporate-social-responsibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> A Study on Factors Affecting (Building Information Modelling) BIM Implementation in European Renovation Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Daneshvartarigh">Fatemeh Daneshvartarigh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> New technologies and applications have radically altered construction techniques in recent years. In order to anticipate how the building will act, perform, and appear, these technologies encompass a wide range of visualization, simulation, and analytic tools. These new technologies and applications have a considerable impact on completing construction projects in today's (architecture, engineering and construction)AEC industries. The rate of changes in BIM-related topics is different worldwide, and it depends on many factors, e.g., the national policies of each country. Therefore, there is a need for comprehensive research focused on a specific area with common characteristics. Therefore, one of the necessary measures to increase the use of this new approach is to examine the challenges and obstacles facing it. In this research, based on the Delphi method, at first, the background and related literature are reviewed. Then, using the knowledge obtained from the literature, a primary questionnaire is generated and filled by experts who are selected using snowball sampling. It covered the experts' attitudes towards implementing BIM in renovation projects and their view of the benefits and obstacles in this regard. By analyzing the primary questionnaire, the second group of experts is selected among the participants to be interviewed. The results are analyzed using Theme analysis. Six themes, including Management support, staff resistance, client willingness, Cost of software and implementation, the difficulty of implementation, and other reasons, are obtained. Then a final questionnaire is generated from the themes and filled by the same group of experts. The result is analyzed by the Fuzzy Delphi method, showing the exact ranking of the obtained themes. The final results show that management support, staff resistance, and client willingness are the most critical barrier to BIM usage in renovation projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20information%20modeling" title="building information modeling">building information modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title=" BIM"> BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM%20implementation" title=" BIM implementation"> BIM implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM%20barriers" title=" BIM barriers"> BIM barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM%20in%20renovation" title=" BIM in renovation"> BIM in renovation</a> </p> <a 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