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interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermococci" title="Thermococci – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thermococci" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermococci" title="Thermococci – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Thermococci" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermococci" title="Thermococci – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Thermococci" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermococci" title="Thermococci – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thermococci" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%AA%A8%EC%BD%95%EC%BF%A0%EC%8A%A4%EA%B0%95" title="테르모콕쿠스강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테르모콕쿠스강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermococci" title="Thermococci – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Thermococci" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a 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Please also establish the relevance for any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary research articles</a> cited. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)">Thermococci </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg/220px-Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg/330px-Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg/440px-Thermococcus_gammatolerans.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1184" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Thermococcus_gammatolerans" title="Thermococcus gammatolerans">Thermococcus gammatolerans</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="domain"><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="kingdom"><a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="phylum"><a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="class"><b>Thermococci</b></div><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Zillig and Reysenbach 2002</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)"><a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">Order</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanofastidiosales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methanofastidiosales (page does not exist)">Methanofastidiosales</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermococcales" title="Thermococcales">Thermococcales</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(195,245,250)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li>"Methanofastidiosia" <small>corrig. Nobu et al. 2016</small></li> <li>Protoarchaea <small>Cavalier-Smith 2002</small></li> <li>"Thermococcia" <small>Oren, Parte & Garrity 2016</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg/220px-Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg/330px-Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg/440px-Schematic_diagram_of_a_Thermococcus_gammatolerans_cell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Schematic diagram of the <i>Thermococcus gammatolerans</i> cell pictured above.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pyrococcus_furiosus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pyrococcus_furiosus.png/220px-Pyrococcus_furiosus.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pyrococcus_furiosus.png/330px-Pyrococcus_furiosus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pyrococcus_furiosus.png/440px-Pyrococcus_furiosus.png 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Pyrococcus_furiosus" title="Pyrococcus furiosus">Pyrococcus furiosus</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Alpha_taxonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha taxonomy">taxonomy</a>, the <b>Thermococci</b> are a <a href="/wiki/Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">class</a> of microbes within the <a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They live in extremely hot environments, such as <a href="/wiki/Hydrothermal_vent" title="Hydrothermal vent">hydrothermal vents</a>, and they have optimal growth temperatures above 80 °C. <i><a href="/wiki/Thermococcus" title="Thermococcus">Thermococcus</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Pyrococcus" title="Pyrococcus">Pyrococcus</a></i> (literally "balls of fire") are both obligately <a href="/wiki/Anaerobic_organism" title="Anaerobic organism">anaerobic</a> <a href="/wiki/Heterotrophs" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterotrophs">chemoorganotrophs</a>. </p><p><i>Thermococcus</i> prefers 70–95 °C and <i>Pyrococcus</i> 70-100 °C. <i><a href="/wiki/Palaeococcus_helgesonii" title="Palaeococcus helgesonii">Palaeococcus helgesonii</a></i>, recently discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</a>, is an <a href="/wiki/Aerobic_organism" title="Aerobic organism">aerobic</a> <a href="/wiki/Chemoheterotrophs" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemoheterotrophs">chemoheterotrophic</a> that grows at temperatures of 45–85 °C with an optimal temperature of 80 °C. <i><a href="/wiki/Thermococcus_gammatolerans" title="Thermococcus gammatolerans">Thermococcus gammatolerans</a></i> sp. nov. was recently discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Guaymas_Basin" title="Guaymas Basin">Guaymas Basin</a>, and it grows at temperatures from 55–95 °C with an optimal temperature around 88 °C with an optimal pH of 6. It has pronounced <a href="/wiki/Radioresistance" title="Radioresistance">radioresistance</a> and can survive <a href="/wiki/Gamma_radiation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamma radiation">gamma radiation</a> at 30 kGy.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thermococcus grows on organic substrates where there is a higher capacity of elemental sulfur. This archaeon mostly grows between temperatures 60–100 degrees Celsius. The average temperature where they thrive is around 85 degrees Celcius. </p><p>The DNA structure has a cicular genome with around 2,353 coding sequence, and 2,306 are identified. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermococci&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Archaea_genera" title="List of Archaea genera">List of Archaea genera</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermococci&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=183968">webpage on Thermococci</a>. Data extracted from the <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/">"NCBI taxonomy resources"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NCBI+taxonomy+resources&rft.pub=National+Center+for+Biotechnology+Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftp.ncbi.nih.gov%2Fpub%2Ftaxonomy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arboraeration.com/airspade/">"Airspade"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Airspade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farboraeration.com%2Fairspade%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermococci&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCavalier-Smith2002" class="citation journal cs1">Cavalier-Smith, T (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1099%2F00207713-52-1-7">"The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification"</a>. <i>Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol</i>. <b>52</b> (Pt 1): 7–76. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1099%2F00207713-52-1-7">10.1099/00207713-52-1-7</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11837318">11837318</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Int.+J.+Syst.+Evol.+Microbiol.&rft.atitle=The+neomuran+origin+of+archaebacteria%2C+the+negibacterial+root+of+the+universal+tree+and+bacterial+megaclassification&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=Pt+1&rft.pages=7-76&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1099%2F00207713-52-1-7&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11837318&rft.aulast=Cavalier-Smith&rft.aufirst=T&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1099%252F00207713-52-1-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarguetGaudinGauliardFourquaux2013" class="citation journal cs1">Marguet, Evelyne; Gaudin, Marie; Gauliard, Emilie; Fourquaux, Isabelle; le Blond du Plouy, Stephane; Matsui, Ikuo; Forterre, Patrick (2013). "Membrane vesicles, nanopods and/or nanotubes produced by hyperthermophilic archaea of the genus Thermococcus". <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. <b>41</b> (1): 436–442. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1042%2FBST20120293">10.1042/BST20120293</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23356325">23356325</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Society+Transactions&rft.atitle=Membrane+vesicles%2C+nanopods+and%2For+nanotubes+produced+by+hyperthermophilic+archaea+of+the+genus+Thermococcus&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=436-442&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1042%2FBST20120293&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23356325&rft.aulast=Marguet&rft.aufirst=Evelyne&rft.au=Gaudin%2C+Marie&rft.au=Gauliard%2C+Emilie&rft.au=Fourquaux%2C+Isabelle&rft.au=le+Blond+du+Plouy%2C+Stephane&rft.au=Matsui%2C+Ikuo&rft.au=Forterre%2C+Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoeseKandler_OWheelis_ML1990" class="citation journal cs1">Woese, CR; Kandler O; Wheelis ML (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC54159">"Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya"</a>. <i>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA</i>. <b>87</b> (12): 4576–4579. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990PNAS...87.4576W">1990PNAS...87.4576W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.87.12.4576">10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC54159">54159</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2112744">2112744</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proc.+Natl.+Acad.+Sci.+USA&rft.atitle=Towards+a+natural+system+of+organisms%3A+proposal+for+the+domains+Archaea%2C+Bacteria%2C+and+Eucarya&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=4576-4579&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC54159%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2112744&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.87.12.4576&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1990PNAS...87.4576W&rft.aulast=Woese&rft.aufirst=CR&rft.au=Kandler+O&rft.au=Wheelis+ML&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC54159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZillig_WReysenbach_AL2001" class="citation book cs1">Zillig W; Reysenbach AL (2001). "Class IV (sic) [V]. Thermococci class. nov.". In DR Boone; RW Castenholz (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169"><i>Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria</i></a> (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169">169</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98771-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98771-2"><bdi>978-0-387-98771-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Class+IV+%28sic%29+%5BV%5D.+Thermococci+class.+nov.&rft.btitle=Bergey%27s+Manual+of+Systematic+Bacteriology+Volume+1%3A+The+Archaea+and+the+deeply+branching+and+phototrophic+Bacteria&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=169&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Springer+Verlag&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-387-98771-2&rft.au=Zillig+W&rft.au=Reysenbach+AL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbergeysmanualofs00boon%2Fpage%2F169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrity_GMHolt_JG2001" class="citation book cs1">Garrity GM; Holt JG (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169">"Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov."</a>. In DR Boone; RW Castenholz (eds.). <i>Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria</i> (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169">169</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98771-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-98771-2"><bdi>978-0-387-98771-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phylum+AII.+Euryarchaeota+phy.+nov.&rft.btitle=Bergey%27s+Manual+of+Systematic+Bacteriology+Volume+1%3A+The+Archaea+and+the+deeply+branching+and+phototrophic+Bacteria&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=169&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Springer+Verlag&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-387-98771-2&rft.au=Garrity+GM&rft.au=Holt+JG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbergeysmanualofs00boon%2Fpage%2F169&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThermococci" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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title="Diaphoretickes">Diaphoretickes</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hacrobia" title="Template:Hacrobia">Hacrobia</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cryptista" title="Template:Cryptista">Cryptista</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Rhizaria" title="Template:Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Alveolata" title="Template:Alveolata">Alveolata</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Stramenopile" title="Template:Stramenopile">Stramenopiles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Plant_classification" title="Template:Plant classification">Plants</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amorphea" title="Amorphea">Amorphea</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Amoebozoa" title="Template:Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Opisthokont_protists" title="Template:Opisthokont protists">Opisthokonta</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Animalia" title="Template:Animalia">Animals</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Fungi_classification" title="Template:Fungi classification">Fungi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mesomycetozoea" title="Template:Mesomycetozoea">Mesomycetozoea</a>)</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a><br />(Methanobacteriati)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="/wiki/Hadesarchaea" title="Hadesarchaea">Hadarchaeota</a>"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Hadarchaeia" <ul><li>"Hadarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Persephonarchaeia"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"Hydrothermarchaeota"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Hydrothermarchaeia" <ul><li>"Hydrothermarchaeles"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methanobacteriota</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanobacteria" title="Methanobacteria">Methanobacteria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanobacteriales" title="Methanobacteriales">Methanobacteriales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanococci" title="Methanococci">Methanococci</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanococcales" title="Methanococcales">Methanococcales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanopyri" title="Methanopyri">Methanopyri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanopyrus" title="Methanopyrus">Methanopyrus</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Theionarchaeia"</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thermococci</a> <ul><li>"Methanofastidiosales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermococcales" title="Thermococcales">Thermococcales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halobacteriota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halobacteriota (page does not exist)">Halobacteriota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoglobi" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeoglobi">Archaeoglobia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoglobales" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeoglobales">Archaeoglobales</a></li> <li>"Mnemosynellales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Halobacteria">Halobacteria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halobacteriales" title="Halobacteriales">Halobacteriales</a></li> <li>Halorutilales</li></ul></li> <li>"Hikarchaeia" <ul><li>"Hikarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>Methanocellia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanocellales" class="mw-redirect" title="Methanocellales">Methanocellales</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Methanoliparia" <ul><li>"Methanoliparales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanomicrobia" title="Methanomicrobia">Methanomicrobia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanomicrobiales" title="Methanomicrobiales">Methanomicrobiales</a></li></ul></li> <li>Methanonatronarchaeia <ul><li>Methanonatronarchaeales</li></ul></li> <li>Methanosarcinia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanosarcinales" title="Methanosarcinales">Methanosarcinales</a></li> <li>Methanotrichales</li></ul></li> <li>"Ordosarchaeia" <ul><li>"Ordosarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Syntropharchaeia" <ul><li>"Alkanophagales"</li> <li>"Syntropharchaeales"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermoplasmatota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thermoplasmatota (page does not exist)">Thermoplasmatota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Izemarchaea" <ul><li>"Thermoprofundales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Poseidoniia" <ul><li>"Poseidoniales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoplasmata" title="Thermoplasmata">Thermoplasmata</a> <ul><li>"Aciduliprofundales"</li> <li>"Gimiplasmatales"</li> <li>"Halarchaeoplasmatales"</li> <li>"Lunaplasmatales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Lutacidiplasmatales" <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methanomassiliicoccales" class="mw-redirect" title="Methanomassiliicoccales">Methanomassiliicoccales</a></li> <li>"Sysuiplasmatales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoplasmatales" title="Thermoplasmatales">Thermoplasmatales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DPANN" title="DPANN">DPANN</a><br />(Nanobdellati)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Aenigmarchaeota" class="mw-redirect" title="Aenigmarchaeota">Aenigmatarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Aenigmatarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"Altarchaeota" <ul><li>"Altarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Diapherotrites" class="mw-redirect" title="Diapherotrites">Iainarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Iainarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"Huberarchaeota" <ul><li>"Huberarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Micrarchaeota" class="mw-redirect" title="Micrarchaeota">Micrarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Micrarchaeia"</li></ul></li> <li>Microcaldota <ul><li>Microcaldia</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanoarchaeota" title="Nanoarchaeota">Nanobdellota</a> <ul><li>Nanobdellia</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nanohaloarchaeota" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanohaloarchaeota">Nanohalarchaeota</a>" <ul><li>"Nanohalarchaeia"</li> <li>"Nanohalobiia"</li></ul></li> <li>"Undinarchaeota" <ul><li>"Undinarchaeia"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proteoarchaeota" title="Proteoarchaeota">Proteoarchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TACK" title="TACK">TACK</a><br />(Thermoproteati)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Thermoproteota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thermoproteota" title="Thermoproteota">Thermoproteota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>JANJXX01 <ul><li>"Panguiarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Korarchaeia">Korarchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Korarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathyarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bathyarchaeia">Bathyarchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Bathyarchaeales"</li> <li>"Hecatellales"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrososphaeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrososphaeria">Nitrososphaeria</a> <ul><li>"Caldarchaeales"</li> <li>Conexivisphaerales</li> <li>"Geothermarchaeales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrososphaerales" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrososphaerales">Nitrososphaerales</a></li></ul></li> <li>"Methanomethylicia" <ul><li>"Culexarchaeles"</li> <li>"Methanomethylicales"</li> <li>"Nezhaarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Sulfolobia" <ul><li>"Marsarchaeales"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfolobales" title="Sulfolobales">Sulfolobales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoprotei" title="Thermoprotei">Thermoproteia</a> <ul><li>"Gearchaeales"</li> <li>Thermofilales</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoproteales" title="Thermoproteales">Thermoproteales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asgard_(Archaea)" title="Asgard (Archaea)">Asgardarchaeota</a><br />(Promethearchaeati)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lokiarchaeota" title="Lokiarchaeota">Promethearchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Asgardarchaeia"</li> <li>"Baldrarchaeia"</li> <li>"Hermodarchaeia"</li> <li>"Jordarchaeia"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokiarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokiarchaeia">Promethearchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Helarchaeales"</li> <li>Promethearchaeales</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odinarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Odinarchaeia">Odinarchaeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorarchaeia">Thorarchaeia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heimdallarchaeota" title="Heimdallarchaeota">Heimdallarchaeota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heimdallarchaeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Heimdallarchaeia">Heimdallarchaeia</a> <ul><li>"Gerdarchaeales"</li> <li>"Heimdallarchaeales"</li> <li>"Hodarchaeales"</li> <li>"Kariarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Njordarchaeia"</li> <li>"Sifarchaeia" <ul><li>"Borrarchaeales"</li> <li>"Sifarchaeales"</li></ul></li> <li>"Tyrarchaeia"</li> <li>"Wukongarchaeia"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Source:</li> <li>Alternative views: <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Archaea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Archaea">Wikispecies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Thermococci</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135978" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q1135978">Q1135978</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Thermococci" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Thermococci">Thermococci</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/JP">JP</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/7927">7927</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1THRMC">1THRMC</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/294">294</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/152094">152094</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1019">1019</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=951432">951432</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prokaryotic_names_with_Standing_in_Nomenclature" title="List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature">LPSN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lpsn.dsmz.de/class/thermococci">thermococci</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=183968">183968</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=921413">921413</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=416265">416265</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style 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