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href="#Responses_by_political_opponents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Responses by political opponents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Responses_by_political_opponents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trump's_responses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trump's_responses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Trump's responses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trump's_responses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018_cognitive_test" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018_cognitive_test"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 2018 cognitive test </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018_cognitive_test-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Physical health </div> </a> 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157919884">.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person{border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-title{font-size:110%;padding:0;line-height:150%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title-image{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:5px}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title>div{font-size:88%;line-height:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-content{padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-navbar{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color: #002466;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_official_portrait_(3x4a).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg/75px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg/113px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg/150px-Donald_Trump_official_portrait_%283x4a%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2102" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color: #002466;color: #FFF;"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Business and personal</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_career_of_Donald_Trump" title="Business career of Donald Trump">Business career</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Trump_Organization" title="The Trump Organization">The Trump Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_of_Donald_Trump" title="Wealth of Donald Trump">wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_returns_of_Donald_Trump" title="Tax returns of Donald Trump">tax returns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_career_of_Donald_Trump" title="Media career of Donald Trump">Media career</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Apprentice_(American_TV_series)" title="The Apprentice (American TV series)">The Apprentice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Donald_Trump" title="Bibliography of Donald Trump">bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_filmography" title="Donald Trump filmography">filmography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_endorsements_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of endorsements by Donald Trump">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Donald_Trump" title="List of things named after Donald Trump">Eponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Donald_Trump" title="Family of Donald Trump">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump_Foundation" title="Donald J. Trump Foundation">Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_American_football" title="Donald Trump and American football">American football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_golf" title="Donald Trump and golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of awards and honors received by Donald Trump">Honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Donald_Trump" title="Public image of Donald Trump">Public image</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_in_popular_culture" title="Donald Trump in popular culture">in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Donald_Trump" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Donald Trump">SNL parodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_handshakes" title="Donald Trump and handshakes">handshakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_and_business_legal_affairs_of_Donald_Trump" title="Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump">Legal affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_sexual_misconduct_allegations" title="Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations">Sexual misconduct allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_used_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of nicknames used by Donald Trump">Nicknames</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pseudonyms_used_by_Donald_Trump" title="Pseudonyms used by Donald Trump">pseudonyms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_views_of_Donald_Trump" title="Racial views of Donald Trump">Racial views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_comments_on_John_McCain" title="Donald Trump's comments on John McCain">Comments on John McCain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conspiracy_theories_promoted_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump">Conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residences_of_Donald_Trump" title="Residences of Donald Trump">Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric_of_Donald_Trump" title="Rhetoric of Donald Trump">Rhetoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_incidents_involving_Donald_Trump" title="Security incidents involving Donald Trump">Security incidents</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">45th & 47th President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li>Presidencies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidency of Donald Trump">second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidencies" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li>Transitions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidential transition of Donald Trump">second</a></li></ul></li> <li>Inaugurations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="First inauguration of Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second inauguration of Donald Trump">second</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump_Presidential_Library" title="Donald J. Trump Presidential Library">Presidential library</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Tenure</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_actions_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of executive actions by Donald Trump">Executive actions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of executive orders by Donald Trump">executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_proclamations_by_Donald_Trump" title="Lists of proclamations by Donald Trump">proclamations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_granted_executive_clemency_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of people granted executive clemency by Donald Trump">pardons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump">Trips</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of international presidential trips made by Donald Trump">foreign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2017)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2017)">'17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2018)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2018)">'18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2019)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2019)">'19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2020%E2%80%9321)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2020–21)">'20–'21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaste_Trump" title="Namaste Trump">Namaste Trump</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Korean_peace_process" title="2018–19 Korean peace process">North Korea summits</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit" title="2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Hanoi_Summit" title="2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit">Hanoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Koreas%E2%80%93United_States_DMZ_Summit" title="2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit">DMZ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Riyadh_summit" title="2017 Riyadh summit">Riyadh summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United States summit">Helsinki summit</a></li> <li>Shutdowns <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2018_United_States_federal_government_shutdown" title="January 2018 United States federal government shutdown">January 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932019_United_States_federal_government_shutdown" title="2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown">2018–2019</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Opinion polling on the first Donald Trump administration">Polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_affairs_of_Donald_Trump_as_president" title="Legal affairs of Donald Trump as president">Legal affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Donald_Trump" title="Protests against Donald Trump">Protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_deployment_of_federal_forces_in_the_United_States" title="2020 deployment of federal forces in the United States">federal law enforcement deployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_photo_op_at_St._John%27s_Church" title="Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church">St. John's Church photo op</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_used_by_Donald_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Social media used by Donald Trump">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_or_misleading_statements_by_Donald_Trump" title="False or misleading statements by Donald Trump">False or misleading statements</a></li> <li>Killings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">al-Baghdadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Soleimani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_U.S._troop_withdrawal_from_Afghanistan" title="2020–2021 U.S. troop withdrawal from Afghanistan">Afghanistan withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%E2%80%93TikTok_controversy" title="Donald Trump–TikTok controversy">TikTok controversy</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Donald_Trump" title="Political positions of Donald Trump">Policies</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_Donald_Trump_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic policy of the Donald Trump administration">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act">tax cuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_tariffs" title="Trump tariffs">tariffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war" title="China–United States trade war">China trade war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_farmer_bailouts" title="Trump administration farmer bailouts">farmer bailouts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_Donald_Trump_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Paris_Agreement" title="United States withdrawal from the Paris Agreement">Paris withdrawal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Foreign policy of the first Donald Trump administration">Foreign policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_First_(policy)" title="America First (policy)">America First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_States%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_arms_deal" title="2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal">Saudi Arabia arms deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Iran nuclear deal withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_Jerusalem_as_capital_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_the_Golan_Heights_as_part_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of the Golan Heights as part of Israel">Golan Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_peace_plan" title="Trump peace plan">Palestine peace plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Accords" title="Abraham Accords">Abraham Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement">USMCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Taliban_deal" title="United States–Taliban deal">United States–Taliban deal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_policy_of_Donald_Trump" title="Immigration policy of Donald Trump">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trump_travel_ban" title="Trump travel ban">travel ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_wall" title="Trump wall">wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_family_separation_policy" title="Trump administration family separation policy">family separation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migrant_detentions_under_the_Trump_administration" title="Migrant detentions under the Trump administration">migrant detentions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Faithful_Patriot" title="Operation Faithful Patriot">troop deployments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emergency_Concerning_the_Southern_Border_of_the_United_States" title="National Emergency Concerning the Southern Border of the United States">national emergency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_policy_of_Donald_Trump" title="Infrastructure policy of Donald Trump">Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_policy_of_Donald_Trump" title="Social policy of Donald Trump">Social issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Step_Act" title="First Step Act">First Step Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the first Donald Trump administration">cannabis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Space policy of the Donald Trump administration">Space</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/Political_appointments_by_Donald_Trump" title="Political appointments by Donald Trump">Appointments</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li>Cabinets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_cabinet_of_Donald_Trump" title="First cabinet of Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_cabinet_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second cabinet of Donald Trump">second</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ambassadors <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of ambassadors appointed by Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of ambassadors appointed by Donald Trump">second</a></li></ul></li> <li>Federal judges <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Neil Gorsuch Supreme Court nomination">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Amy Coney Barrett Supreme Court nomination">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Donald Trump Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></li></ul></li> <li>Executives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_appointments_by_Donald_Trump" title="Executive Office appointments by Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_appointments_by_Donald_Trump" title="Executive Office appointments by Donald Trump">second</a></li></ul></li> <li>U.S. Attorneys <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attorneys_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of United States attorneys appointed by Donald Trump">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attorneys_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of United States attorneys appointed by Donald Trump">second</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/Political_career_of_Donald_Trump" title="Political career of Donald Trump">Presidential campaigns</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2000 presidential campaign">2000</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Reform Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rallies_for_the_2016_Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign" title="List of rallies for the 2016 Donald Trump presidential campaign">rallies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Donald_Trump_Las_Vegas_rally_incident" title="2016 Donald Trump Las Vegas rally incident">Las Vegas incident</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2016 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again" title="Make America Great Again">Make America Great Again</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Never_Trump_movement" title="Never Trump movement">Never Trump movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_opposed_the_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="List of Republicans who opposed the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">people</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Access_Hollywood_tape" title="Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape">Access Hollywood tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Tower_wiretapping_allegations" title="Trump Tower wiretapping allegations">wiretapping allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spygate_(conspiracy_theory)" title="Spygate (conspiracy theory)">Spygate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li>endorsements <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign_political_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign political endorsements">political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign non-political endorsements">non-political</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_opposed_the_Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="List of Republicans who opposed the Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_post%E2%80%932016_election_Donald_Trump_rallies#2020_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="List of post–2016 election Donald Trump rallies">rallies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2020 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_reactions_to_Donald_Trump%27s_claims_of_2020_election_fraud" title="Republican reactions to Donald Trump's claims of 2020 election fraud">GOP reactions to election fraud claims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Raffensperger_phone_call" title="Trump–Raffensperger phone call">Trump–Raffensperger phone call</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">2024</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_oppose_the_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Republicans who oppose the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_eligibility_of_Donald_Trump" title="Presidential eligibility of Donald Trump">eligibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_47" title="Agenda 47">Agenda 47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rallies_for_the_2024_Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign" title="List of rallies for the 2024 Donald Trump presidential campaign">rallies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention" title="2024 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2024 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li>assassination attempts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Pennsylvania" title="Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania">PA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Matthew_Crooks" title="Thomas Matthew Crooks">perpetrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_raised-fist_photographs" title="Donald Trump raised-fist photographs">photographs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Florida" title="Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida">FL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Wesley_Routh" title="Ryan Wesley Routh">suspect</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Impeachments</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">Efforts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_resolutions_introduced_against_Donald_Trump" title="List of impeachment resolutions introduced against Donald Trump">resolutions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">First impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Ukraine_scandal" title="Trump–Ukraine scandal">Trump–Ukraine scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">House inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">Senate trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">Second impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">Capitol attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">Senate trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expungements_of_the_impeachments_of_Donald_Trump" title="Proposed expungements of the impeachments of Donald Trump">Proposed expungements</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Civil and criminal prosecutions</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_(election_obstruction_case)" title="Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case)">2020 election federal indictment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_(classified_documents_case)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (classified documents case)">Classified documents federal indictment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smith_special_counsel_investigation" title="Smith special counsel investigation">special counsel investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_investigation_into_Donald_Trump%27s_handling_of_government_documents" title="FBI investigation into Donald Trump's handling of government documents">Plasmic Echo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_search_of_Mar-a-Lago" title="FBI search of Mar-a-Lago">FBI search of Mar-a-Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_v._United_States_(2022)" title="Trump v. United States (2022)">Trump v. United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_in_New_York" title="Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York">New York indictment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal" title="Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal">Stormy Daniels scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_McDougal#Affair_with_Donald_Trump" title="Karen McDougal">Karen McDougal affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_investigations_of_the_Trump_Organization" title="New York investigations of the Trump Organization">financial fraud</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_election_racketeering_prosecution" title="Georgia election racketeering prosecution">Georgia election indictment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Georgia_election_investigation" title="2020 Georgia election investigation">Georgia election investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mug_shot_of_Donald_Trump" title="Mug shot of Donald Trump">mug shot</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force" title="White House Coronavirus Task Force">Taskforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic">Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">Government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stimulus_(economics)" title="Stimulus (economics)">stimulus bills</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CARES_Act" title="CARES Act">CARES Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,_2021" title="Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021">Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed" title="Operation Warp Speed">Operation Warp Speed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_political_interference_with_science_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump administration political interference with science agencies">Interference with science agencies</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="skin-invert-image"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump's signature"><img alt="Donald Trump's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6f/Donald_Trump_%28Presidential_signature%29.svg/150px-Donald_Trump_%28Presidential_signature%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6f/Donald_Trump_%28Presidential_signature%29.svg/225px-Donald_Trump_%28Presidential_signature%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6f/Donald_Trump_%28Presidential_signature%29.svg/300px-Donald_Trump_%28Presidential_signature%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="429" /></a></div> <img alt="Seal of the President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Donald_Trump_series" title="Template:Donald Trump series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Donald_Trump_series" title="Template talk:Donald Trump series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Donald_Trump_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Donald Trump series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> At 78 years, 5 months and 14 days, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, the 45th and president-elect of the United States, is the oldest president-elect in the history of the United States. He previously became the oldest major-party presidential nominee in history five weeks after his 78th birthday, after President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election">withdrew from contention</a> prior to becoming the nominee of his own party in the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024 United States presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Politico_Trump_Now_Old-3">[3]</a> Should he live to the end of his second term in 2029, he will become the oldest person ever to hold the office at 82 years, seven months, and six days old, sparking renewed discussion of his fitness to assume the presidency.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Since the early days of Trump's <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016 presidential campaign</a>, his physical and mental <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a> have been a subject of public debate. Trump was 70 years old when he first took office, surpassing <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of presidents of the United States by age">oldest person to assume the presidency</a> to that date.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> During Trump's presidency, comments on his age, weight, lifestyle, and history of <a href="/wiki/Heart_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart disease">heart disease</a> raised questions about his physical health.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a> In addition, numerous public figures, media sources, and mental health professionals have speculated that Trump may have <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a> impairments, ranging from <a href="/wiki/Narcissistic_personality_disorder" title="Narcissistic personality disorder">narcissistic personality disorder</a> to some form of <a href="/wiki/Dementia" title="Dementia">dementia</a>, which runs in his family.<a href="#cite_note-Nephew_Reveals-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-IsTrump-9">[9]</a> In a 2022 interview, Trump "floated the possibility that his health could become an important factor in weighing whether he would run again in 2024".<a href="#cite_note-MSNBC_22-10">[10]</a> During the 2024 United States presidential election, <a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a> "was an early observer of the public's dissatisfaction with both candidates' ages, going so far as to predict that fortune would favor the party that first dropped their elderly candidate."<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Polling has shown a majority of Americans worry about whether he is fit to serve another four years.<a href="#cite_note-:3-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ABC_July_2024_poll-13">[13]</a> Trump has been criticized for his secrecy and lack of transparency around his medical records and health.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-MSNBC_22-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a> As of October 12, 2024, Trump had not released basic health information since 2015, when he first started running for president, despite a promise he had made in August 2024 to release records from a recent examination, as election opponent <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> had done, and as is typical of presidential candidates.<a href="#cite_note-:2-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-16">[16]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_opinion">Public opinion</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Public opinion">edit</a>]</div> During his 2024 campaign, polls generally showed that a majority of Americans believed that Trump was too old to serve as president.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a> A February 2024 poll finding that Biden's age and health were major or moderate concerns for 86% of voters generally also found that 59% similarly thought Trump was too old to hold the office.<a href="#cite_note-P00140852-17">[17]</a> A July 2024 poll, taken shortly after the first presidential debate, found that 60% of voters saw Trump as too old for a second term.<a href="#cite_note-ABC_July_2024_poll-13">[13]</a> This represented a steady and constant increase in voters polled by this pollster sharing this concern, and paralleled the progression of the larger number of voters who had the same concern about Biden.<a href="#cite_note-ABC_July_2024_poll-13">[13]</a> An August 2024 <a href="/wiki/Morning_Consult" title="Morning Consult">Morning Consult</a> poll found that the number of respondents who thought Trump was too old to run jumped by seven percent, to 51%, from their previous poll once Trump's opponent changed from <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a>, and the number of respondents who thought Trump was in good health correspondingly fell by six percent.<a href="#cite_note-Independent_8-7-24-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The poll further reported that nearly 80% of respondents "were unsure he'd be up for serving a full second term".<a href="#cite_note-Independent_8-7-24-18">[18]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Marquette_University" title="Marquette University">Marquette University</a> poll released the same day reported that 57% of respondents felt that Trump was too old.<a href="#cite_note-Boomeranging-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incidents">Incidents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Incidents">edit</a>]</div> A number of incidents have contributed to the trend in public opinion. In a July 4, 2019, speech, Trump said in a <a href="/wiki/Political_gaffe" title="Political gaffe">gaffe</a> that during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> "took over the airports" from the British.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In another gaffe in October 2023, Trump referred to Hungarian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> as "the leader of Turkey", and said that Orbán shares a border with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, which neither Turkey nor Hungary do.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> During the course of the 2024 primary campaign, it was noted that Trump confused <a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a> for <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> and "repeatedly said he is running against <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, and not Biden, and that he feared that the nation may soon enter <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, a conflict that has been over for nearly 80 years".<a href="#cite_note-P00140503-23">[23]</a> In June 2024, while bragging about his performance on a cognitive test administered in 2018, Trump "confused the name of his former White House physician" who had administered that test.<a href="#cite_note-Trump_Confuses_Ronny_Jackson's_Name-24">[24]</a> That same month, he said that his longtime acquaintance <a href="/wiki/Joan_Rivers" title="Joan Rivers">Joan Rivers</a> had told him that she had voted for him in the 2016 election, though Rivers had died in September 2014.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Following an August 2024 interview, media reports indicated that Trump had acquired a pronounced <a href="/wiki/Lisp" title="Lisp">lisp</a>, prompting further public speculation about his health.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Trump released a statement the following day explaining that this was caused by technical issues with the broadcast.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In September 2024, Trump "claimed that the crowd went crazy for him" at the presidential debate the preceding week, even though there had been no audience at the debate.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a> Later that month, NPR reported that Trump's "non sequiturs are more pronounced" than they have been before, stating that in 2016 "he was all over the place but, to some extent, structured", while now "there's no structure anymore".<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mental_health">Mental health</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mental health">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allegations_of_mental_illness_by_medical_professionals">Allegations of mental illness by medical professionals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Allegations of mental illness by medical professionals">edit</a>]</div> The "Duty to Warn" movement was founded by medical professionals concerned about Trump's cognitive health in his first year in office.<a href="#cite_note-:1-31">[31]</a> In 2017, psychologist <a href="/wiki/John_Gartner_(psychologist)" title="John Gartner (psychologist)">John Gartner</a> collected more than 41,000 signatures of mental health professionals on a petition, directed to the national opposition leader, Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The core of the petition stated: My professional judgement is that Donald Trump manifests a serious mental illness that renders him psychologically incapable of competently discharging the duties of President of the United States. And I respectfully request him [sic] be removed from office, according to article 3 of the 25th Amendment, and so on. Gartner asserted that Trump's mental handicaps are a mix of <a href="/wiki/Narcissism" title="Narcissism">narcissism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paranoia" title="Paranoia">paranoia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sociopathy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sociopathy">sociopathy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sadistic_personality_disorder" title="Sadistic personality disorder">sadism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mary_L._Trump" title="Mary L. Trump">Mary L. Trump</a>, his niece and a <a href="/wiki/Clinical_psychologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinical psychologist">clinical psychologist</a>, wrote a book in 2020 identifying the disorders she believed him to have.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Narcissistic_personality_disorder">Narcissistic personality disorder</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Narcissistic personality disorder">edit</a>]</div> As early as November 2015, <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a> reported the opinion of a number of mental health experts that Trump had "textbook narcissistic personality disorder".<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Bornstein's letter of December 2015, drafted in response to questions about the health of presidential candidates, did not address Trump's mental health,<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> while claiming that he would be "the healthiest individual ever elected to the presidency".<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Bornstein disclosed in 2018 that Trump had dictated this letter over the telephone.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> He said: "Mr. Trump dictated the letter and I would tell him what he couldn't put in there."<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In August 2016, Bornstein stated that Trump's "health is excellent, especially his mental health."<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> In April 2017, forensic psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Bandy_X._Lee" title="Bandy X. Lee">Bandy X. Lee</a> hosted a meeting at Yale University medical school regarding the ethics of discussing Trump's mental health.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In October 2017, Lee published <a href="/wiki/The_Dangerous_Case_of_Donald_Trump" title="The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump">The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump</a>, containing essays from 27 psychologists, psychiatrists, and mental health professionals on the "clear and present danger" that Trump's mental health poses to the "nation and individual well being". They argued that the president's issues affected the mental health of the United States population,<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> and that he placed the country at grave risk of war because of his pathological traits.<a href="#cite_note-New_Yorker-45">[45]</a> They defined Trump's behavior in terms of mental disorder, such as narcissistic personality disorder, 'extreme present hedonism' and bullying.<a href="#cite_note-IsTrump-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Lozada_(journalist)" title="Carlos Lozada (journalist)">Carlos Lozada</a>, writing for <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>, considered these conclusions "compelling", but also noted that the book contributors were writing from their own political perspective, as other mental health professionals differ.<a href="#cite_note-IsTrump-9">[9]</a> Lee and others contended that Trump's presidency represented an emergency allowing, or even requiring, psychiatrists to take exception from the APA's <a href="/wiki/Goldwater_rule#Donald_Trump" title="Goldwater rule">Goldwater rule</a>, which holds that it is unethical for members of the APA to give a professional opinion about public figures without having examined them in person and without their consent.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-New_Yorker-45">[45]</a> Proponents of such expression have asserted that there is <a href="/wiki/Tarasoff_v._Regents_of_the_University_of_California" title="Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California">precedent</a> in allowing psychiatrists to speak out when someone presents a <a href="/wiki/Clear_and_present_danger" title="Clear and present danger">clear and present danger</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IsTrump-9">[9]</a> In 2017, journalist <a href="/wiki/Bill_Moyers" title="Bill Moyers">Bill Moyers</a> interviewed psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Robert_Jay_Lifton" title="Robert Jay Lifton">Robert Jay Lifton</a> and said that Trump "makes increasingly bizarre statements that are contradicted by irrefutable evidence to the contrary". Lifton replied, "He doesn't have clear contact with reality, though I'm not sure it qualifies as a bona fide delusion." As an example, Lifton said, when Trump claimed that <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_citizenship_conspiracy_theories" title="Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories">former president Barack Obama was born in Kenya</a>, "he was manipulating that lie as well as undoubtedly believing it in part."<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In 2019, amid continued speculation, the <a href="/wiki/American_Psychiatric_Association" title="American Psychiatric Association">American Psychiatric Association</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_Society" title="Alzheimer's Society">Alzheimer's Society</a> requested that people should not armchair diagnose Trump, or diagnose him with any disorder without being his doctor, in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Goldwater_rule" title="Goldwater rule">Goldwater rule</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cognitive_decline">Cognitive decline</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cognitive decline">edit</a>]</div> Experts for the science publication <a href="/wiki/Stat_(website)" title="Stat (website)">STAT</a> who analyzed changes in Trump's speeches between 2015 and 2024 noted shorter sentences, more tangents, more repetition and more confusion of words and phrases. The doctors suggested it could just be due to changes in mood or it could indicate the beginning of Alzheimer's.<a href="#cite_note-:0-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a> The sharp rise in <a href="/wiki/All-or-nothing_thinking" class="mw-redirect" title="All-or-nothing thinking">all-or-nothing thinking</a> is linked to cognitive decline.<a href="#cite_note-:0-50">[50]</a> Coverage of Trump's mental acuity has generated discussion of whether the media has been '<a href="/wiki/Sanewashing" title="Sanewashing">sanewashing</a>' Trump by selecting more coherent clips or quotes from his speeches that give a false impression of mental acuity without balancing that coverage by also focusing on the parts of his speeches that might raise concerns about his mental fitness to be President.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Family_history_of_dementia">Family history of dementia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Family history of dementia">edit</a>]</div> Medical experts have also advised the <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">Washington Post</a> that Trump likely has an elevated genetic risk of dementia.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a> Nephew <a href="/wiki/Fred_Trump_III" title="Fred Trump III">Fred Trump III</a> sees signs of the dementia that he saw in Trump's father, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Trump" title="Fred Trump">Fred Trump Sr.</a><a href="#cite_note-Nephew_Reveals-8">[8]</a> Fred Trump Sr. was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease" title="Alzheimer's disease">Alzheimer's</a> in October 1991, at the age of 86, eight years before he passed.<a href="#cite_note-Nephew_Reveals-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Responses_by_political_opponents">Responses by political opponents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Responses by political opponents">edit</a>]</div> During the <a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">2016 Republican Party presidential primaries</a>, presidential candidate and primary opponent <a href="/wiki/Jeb_Bush" title="Jeb Bush">Jeb Bush</a> speculated in February 2016 that Trump had mental health issues, stating "I'm not a psychiatrist or a psychologist, but the guy needs therapy".<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> On April 14, 2017, Representatives <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">Jamie Raskin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Earl_Blumenauer" title="Earl Blumenauer">Earl Blumenauer</a> introduced the Oversight Commission on Presidential Capacity Act.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The bill, if passed, would have allowed Congress, by a <a href="/wiki/Concurrent_resolution" title="Concurrent resolution">concurrent resolution</a>, to require an 11-member commission to conduct an examination of the president and report the findings.<a href="#cite_note-Marcos-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Blumenauer stated: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">It is hard to imagine a better group to work with the vice president to examine whether the president is able to discharge the duties of the office. When there are questions about the president's ability to fulfill his or her constitutional responsibilities, it is in the country's best interest to have a mechanism in place that works effectively.<a href="#cite_note-Marcos-58">[58]</a></blockquote> In September 2017, Jeanne Suk Gerson wrote in <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>: "A strange consensus does appear to be forming around Trump's mental state," including Democrats and Republicans who doubt Trump's fitness for office.<a href="#cite_note-New_Yorker-45">[45]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:220px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <table role="presentation" style="line-height: normal; width: 100%; background: transparent; color: inherit; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: left; white-space: nowrap;">Donald J. Trump <div style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); white-space: nowrap;">@realDonaldTrump</div></td> <td style="text-align: right; color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter"><img alt="Twitter logo, a stylized blue bird" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Logo_of_Twitter.svg/18px-Logo_of_Twitter.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Logo_of_Twitter.svg/27px-Logo_of_Twitter.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Logo_of_Twitter.svg/36px-Logo_of_Twitter.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="421" /></a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: left"> North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un just stated that the "Nuclear Button is on his desk at all times." Will someone from his depleted and food starved regime please inform him that I too have a Nuclear Button, but it is a much bigger & more powerful one than his, and my Button works! </div> <div style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">January 3, 2018<a href="#cite_note-TweetrealDonaldTrump-60">[60]</a> </div> </blockquote> </div> In January 2018, after North Korea's leader <a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong_Un" title="Kim Jong Un">Kim Jong Un</a> and Trump publicly exchanged claims about their respective "nuclear buttons", <a href="/wiki/Richard_Painter" title="Richard Painter">Richard Painter</a>, a former adviser to President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, deemed Trump "psychologically unfit" and supported transferring his powers to Vice President Pence under the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">25th Amendment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_1-6-18-61">[61]</a> In April 2018, Vanity Fair reported that Trump's advisers "worry about his mental health" when he is outside the controls available in the White House environment.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trump's_responses">Trump's responses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Trump's responses">edit</a>]</div> In 2018, Trump dismissed then-prevalent questions regarding his mental health, stating that he is a "very stable genius".<a href="#cite_note-NYT_1-6-18-61">[61]</a> As evidence of his mental capacities, he pointed to his business success, his victory over Republican competitors, and his election to the presidency against <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Trump has also pushed back on claims he couldn't remember the name of a fallen soldier while talking to the widow by stating he has "one of the great memories of all time".<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018_cognitive_test">2018 cognitive test</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2018 cognitive test">edit</a>]</div> In response to speculation about his cognitive abilities, Trump was administered the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment" title="Montreal Cognitive Assessment">Montreal Cognitive Assessment</a> (MoCA) at his own request as part of his January 2018 health checkup. He claims he received a score of 30/30, indicating a normal level of cognitive function, though the results have never been released.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a> Critics have contended that the MoCA test is too basic to diagnose the problems asserted.<a href="#cite_note-Kolata-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hamblin-66">[66]</a> Trump used the phrase "<a href="/wiki/Person,_woman,_man,_camera,_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Person, woman, man, camera, TV">Person, woman, man, camera, TV</a>" several times during a July 2020 <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> interview with <a href="/wiki/Marc_Siegel" title="Marc Siegel">Marc Siegel</a>, a professor of medicine at <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a>,<a href="#cite_note-CBS-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-68">[68]</a> while boasting about his performance on and describing part of the 2018 MoCA test.<a href="#cite_note-defend-69">[69]</a> Trump has not publicly revealed the results of any subsequent cognitive tests, but as late as 2024 continues to brag of his performance in the 2018 cognitive test.<a href="#cite_note-Trump_Confuses_Ronny_Jackson's_Name-24">[24]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ziad_Nasreddine" title="Ziad Nasreddine">Ziad Nasreddine</a>, the neurologist who created the test Trump took, said that 2018 results would be too outdated to be relevant in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_health">Physical health</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Physical health">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical_reports_and_records_controversies">Medical reports and records controversies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Medical reports and records controversies">edit</a>]</div> In December 2015, Trump's personal physician, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Bornstein" title="Harold Bornstein">Harold Bornstein</a>, released a superlative-laden letter of health praising Trump for "extraordinary physical strength and stamina", saying he was the "healthiest individual ever elected to the presidency", and said that a recent medical exam yielded "only positive results".<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Before Bornstein's death in 2021, he told CNN that Trump had dictated the entire letter.<a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The language used was in Trump's style and not that typical of a medical doctor; in particular, the American journalist <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Eichenwald" title="Kurt Eichenwald">Kurt Eichenwald</a> noted that <a href="/wiki/Positive_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive test">positive test</a> results often do not mean a positive (favorable) outcome for the patient.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> A follow-up medical report by Bornstein claimed Trump's blood pressure, liver and thyroid functions to be in normal ranges, and that he takes a <a href="/wiki/Statin" title="Statin">statin</a>. At 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) and 236 lb (107 kg), Trump's <a href="/wiki/Body_mass_index" title="Body mass index">body mass index</a> of 29.5 registered as <a href="/wiki/Overweight" title="Overweight">overweight</a> which is on the higher end of overweight BMIs.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> In January 2018, Trump was examined by White House physician <a href="/wiki/Ronny_Jackson" title="Ronny Jackson">Ronny Jackson</a>, who stated that he was in excellent health, although his weight and cholesterol level were higher than recommended,<a href="#cite_note-time-20180117-76">[76]</a> and that his cardiac assessment revealed no medical issues.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Several outside cardiologists commented that Trump's weight, lifestyle and <a href="/wiki/Low-density_lipoprotein" title="Low-density lipoprotein">LDL cholesterol</a> ought to have raised serious concerns about his cardiac health.<a href="#cite_note-nyt-20180117-78">[78]</a> Trump's 2018 <a href="/wiki/Coronary_CT_calcium_scan" title="Coronary CT calcium scan">coronary CT calcium scan</a> score indicates he has a form of heart disease called <a href="/wiki/Coronary_artery_disease" title="Coronary artery disease">coronary artery disease</a>, which is common for white males at his age.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> On May 1, 2018, Bornstein told <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a> that three Trump representatives had "raided" his office on February 3, 2017, taking all of Trump's medical records. He identified two of the men as Trump's longtime bodyguard <a href="/wiki/Keith_Schiller" title="Keith Schiller">Keith Schiller</a> and the Trump Organization's chief legal officer Alan Garten.<a href="#cite_note-Schechter-80">[80]</a> Two days earlier, Bornstein had told a reporter that Trump took a prescription hair growth medicine, <a href="/wiki/Propecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Propecia">Propecia</a>, after which Trump cut ties with him.<a href="#cite_note-Schechter-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> In February 2019, Trump was examined by White House physician <a href="/wiki/Sean_Conley" title="Sean Conley">Sean Conley</a>. Conley stated Trump was in "very good health overall", although Trump was now slightly clinically <a href="/wiki/Obese" class="mw-redirect" title="Obese">obese</a>, at 243 lb (110 kg) with a BMI of 30.4.<a href="#cite_note-CNN2019-82">[82]</a> In 2022, MSNBC described Trump as "notoriously secretive about sharing his health records with the public" and "deliberately misleading and even dishonest about his health".<a href="#cite_note-MSNBC_22-10">[10]</a> As of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit">[update]</a> it was reported that Trump does not drink alcohol;<a href="#cite_note-time-20180117-76">[76]</a> this decision arose in part from watching his older brother <a href="/wiki/Fred_Trump_Jr." title="Fred Trump Jr.">Fred Jr.</a> suffer from alcoholism that contributed to his early death in 1981.<a href="#cite_note-nytimesalc-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> He also said that he has never smoked cigarettes or consumed drugs, including marijuana.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_COVID-19_infection">2020 COVID-19 infection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2020 COVID-19 infection">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House COVID-19 outbreak</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_(50436803733).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Donald Trump, wearing a black face mask, boards Marine One, a large green helicopter, from the White House lawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_%2850436803733%29.jpg/230px-President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_%2850436803733%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_%2850436803733%29.jpg/345px-President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_%2850436803733%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_%2850436803733%29.jpg/460px-President_Trump_Boards_Marine_One_%2850436803733%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1669" /></a><figcaption>Trump boards <a href="/wiki/Marine_One" title="Marine One">Marine One</a> for COVID-19 treatment on October 2, 2020</figcaption></figure> On September 26, 2020, an event was held in the <a href="/wiki/White_House_Rose_Garden" title="White House Rose Garden">White House Rose Garden</a> announcing <a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Amy Coney Barrett Supreme Court nomination">Amy Coney Barrett's nomination to the Supreme Court</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Death and funeral of Ruth Bader Ginsburg">death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-kim26-86">[86]</a> Hours after the ceremony, Trump tested positive for COVID-19, although the public would not learn of this result until late 2021.<a href="#cite_note-guardian1dec21-87">[87]</a> His chief of staff recalled that Trump looked "a little tired" and was suspected of having a "slight cold".<a href="#cite_note-guardian1dec21-87">[87]</a> Despite testing positive, Trump traveled in Air Force One to a rally at the <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg_International_Airport" title="Harrisburg International Airport">Harrisburg International Airport</a> in Pennsylvania, which was attended by thousands.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The governor opposed the rally, arguing: "It is gravely concerning that the president would insist on holding this event with blatant disregard for social distancing and masking requirements. His decision to bring thousands of people together in a tight space in the midst of a global pandemic caused by an airborne virus is flat out wrong."<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> After Trump's diagnosis was made public, Pennsylvania health officials advised attendees to participate in the state's contact tracing program.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> In the wake of the rally, the county saw a surge in COVID-19.<a href="#cite_note-5spikes-91">[91]</a> After returning from Bedminster, Trump received a positive test result<a href="#cite_note-For_some_high-dollar_Trump_donors,-92">[92]</a> on a rapid test and was waiting to get results of a <a href="/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction" title="Polymerase chain reaction">PCR test</a> when he did a live phone interview on <a href="/wiki/Hannity" title="Hannity">Hannity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Trump_Didn't_Disclose_First_Positive-93">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Sean Hannity</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> brought up Bloomberg's report about Hicks and asked for an update, whereupon Trump publicly mentioned Hicks' diagnosis for the first time, saying, "I just heard about this. She tested positive."<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Trump stated, "It is very, very hard when you are with people from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">military</a>, or from <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Law enforcement in the United States">law enforcement</a>, and they come over to you, and they want to hug you, and they want to kiss you because we really have done a good job for them."<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Without disclosing that he had already tested positive, he announced that he and the first lady were being tested for SARS-CoV-2.<a href="#cite_note-Trump_Didn't_Disclose_First_Positive-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-ap-timeline-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-calia-99">[99]</a> He repeated this via Twitter after the interview. Later that night, the result of the PCR test also came in positive.<a href="#cite_note-Trump_Didn't_Disclose_First_Positive-93">[93]</a> On October 2, 2020, Trump tweeted that he had tested positive for <a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_disease_2019" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronavirus disease 2019">COVID-19</a>,<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> part of a White House outbreak.<a href="#cite_note-downplay-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-drug-103">[103]</a> Later that day <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_COVID-19_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Trump's COVID-19 infection">Trump was hospitalized</a> at <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_National_Military_Medical_Center" title="Walter Reed National Military Medical Center">Walter Reed National Military Medical Center</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Trump_taken_to_Walter_Reed-104">[104]</a> reportedly due to fever and labored breathing. He was treated with antiviral and experimental antibody drugs and a steroid. He returned to the White House on October 5, still infectious and unwell.<a href="#cite_note-downplay-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-sicker-105">[105]</a> During and after his treatment he continued to downplay the virus.<a href="#cite_note-downplay-102">[102]</a> In 2021, it was revealed that his condition had been far more serious; he had dangerously low blood oxygen levels, a high fever, and lung infiltrates, indicating a severe case.<a href="#cite_note-drug-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2024_election">2024 election</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2024 election">edit</a>]</div> By 2024, the shift in Trump's speeches towards shorter sentences, more tangents, more repetition, more <a href="/wiki/All-or-nothing_thinking" class="mw-redirect" title="All-or-nothing thinking">all-or-nothing thinking</a> and more confusion of words and phrases could indicate cognitive decline.<a href="#cite_note-:0-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nephew_Reveals-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Boomeranging-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Renewed_scrutiny-2">[2]</a> Basil Smikle of Columbia argued in January that one reason Trump has not seen as much of the age criticism as Biden because his rallies seem loud and vibrant whereas Biden has a more old-school approach to politics.<a href="#cite_note-:1-31">[31]</a> An article in <a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a> by finance professor Brandon Cline showed that around half of the 1500 largest public companies in the U.S. force their CEOs to retire when they turn 65 or so because of declining performance, with nearly 70% of S&P 500 companies having mandatory retirement ages for their boards in the mid-70s. Cline noted that a similar rule would have made both Trump and Biden ineligible to run in 2024 and argues that the evidence supporting a mandatory retirement age is strong. He cited studies showing that CEOs over 65 hired and fired fewer people, made fewer deals, were less active overall and that age-related changes impair judgment.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> As of October 12, 2024, Trump has yet to release even the most basic health information going back to 2015 when he first started running for president, despite a promise he made in August 2024 to release records from a recent examination.<a href="#cite_note-:2-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-15">[15]</a> Releasing detailed medical reports is typical of presidential candidates.<a href="#cite_note-:5-16">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> released her detailed medical report on October 12, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> published an analysis of Trump's speeches on October 6, 2024, writing "with the passage of time, the 78-year-old former president's speeches have grown darker, harsher, longer, angrier, less focused, more profane and increasingly fixated on the past, according to a review of his public appearances over the years." The paper commented that Trump has lately seemed "confused, forgetful, incoherent or disconnected from reality" but that it does not get covered much because it is so common. It highlighted an average rally length of 82 minutes compared with 45 minutes in 2016, and a 13% increase in use of all-or-nothing terms like "always" and "never". It also found 32% more negative words than positive words compared with 21% in 2016, and a 69% increase in swearwords. It cited that experts considered this increase in <a href="/wiki/Tangential_speech" title="Tangential speech">tangential speech</a> and <a href="/wiki/Disinhibition" title="Disinhibition">behavioral disinhibition</a> potential results of advancing age and cognitive decline.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a> The paper also found that Trump has appeared tired at times and has maintained a far less active campaign schedule this time around, holding only 61 rallies so far in 2024, compared with 283 through all of 2016.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a> The authors also highlight how he is more easily distracted and not open to correction.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Reignite-4">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Woodward" title="Bob Woodward">Bob Woodward</a> described Trump as "the most <a href="/wiki/Recklessness_(law)" title="Recklessness (law)">reckless</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impulsive_(behavior)" class="mw-redirect" title="Impulsive (behavior)">impulsive</a> president <a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of presidents of the United States">in American history</a>."<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Longevity">Longevity</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Longevity">edit</a>]</div> In January 2024, Dr. <a href="/wiki/S._Jay_Olshansky" title="S. Jay Olshansky">Jay Olshansky</a> gave Donald Trump less than a 75% chance of living through a second term based on publicly available information about his health.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2024_assassination_attempt">2024 assassination attempt</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2024 assassination attempt">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Pennsylvania" title="Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania">Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania</a></div> On July 13, 2024, Trump survived an assassination attempt while addressing a campaign rally near <a href="/wiki/Butler,_Pennsylvania" title="Butler, Pennsylvania">Butler, Pennsylvania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Trump was shot at<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Matthew_Crooks" title="Thomas Matthew Crooks">Thomas Matthew Crooks</a>, a 20-year-old man from <a href="/wiki/Bethel_Park,_Pennsylvania" title="Bethel Park, Pennsylvania">Bethel Park, Pennsylvania</a>,<a href="#cite_note-gunman_dead-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-2024-2-114">[114]</a> who fired eight rounds with an <a href="/wiki/AR-15%E2%80%93style_rifle" title="AR-15–style rifle">AR-15–style rifle</a> from the roof of a building located approximately 400 feet (120 meters) from the stage. According to the FBI, Trump was hit by a bullet or shrapnel,<a href="#cite_note-z383-115">[115]</a> and injured in his upper right ear.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> He raised a hand to his ear before dropping down on his podium behind the <a href="/wiki/Lectern" title="Lectern">lectern</a> for cover.<a href="#cite_note-moment_shot-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-Watson-2024-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Secret Service agents lunged toward Trump and shielded him. After the assailant was declared "down", agents helped Trump get up. Blood was visible on his ear and face. He asked the Secret Service agents to let him get his shoes.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters-2024-121">[121]</a> According to Trump, the agents "hit me so hard that my shoes fell off, and my shoes are tight".<a href="#cite_note-New_York_Post-2024-122">[122]</a> None of the medical records, as of October 12, 2024, from the wounds have been released.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> Psychologist Simon McCarthy-Jones of <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Trinity College Dublin</a> said in <a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a> in July 2024 that "the potential effect of these events on his mental health – whether negligible, negative or positive – cannot be ignored", and that Trump being an <a href="/wiki/Extraversion_and_introversion" title="Extraversion and introversion">extrovert</a> might improve his ability to deal with the psychological impact of the event, while "other personality traits, including low agreeableness, low conscientiousness and low emotional stability, also attributed to Trump, are associated with greater levels of <a href="/wiki/Post-traumatic_stress_disorder" title="Post-traumatic stress disorder">PTSD</a>", as are "high levels of narcissism", which can also "cause people to react to even limited threats with aggression".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In August 2024, <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a> reported that Trump was in fact "experiencing <a href="/wiki/Psychological_trauma" title="Psychological trauma">trauma</a> from his <a href="/wiki/Near-death_experience" title="Near-death experience">near-death experience</a>", with a campaign insider reportedly claiming that Trump was "watching that seven-second clip of how close he was to getting shot right in the head – over and over and over again", saying that Trump "may actually legit have PTSD".<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_and_health_concerns_about_Joe_Biden" title="Age and health concerns about Joe Biden">Age and health concerns about Joe Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_fascism" title="Donald Trump and fascism">Donald Trump and fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">Efforts to impeach Donald Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiring_and_personnel_concerns_about_Donald_Trump" title="Hiring and personnel concerns about Donald Trump">Hiring and personnel concerns about Donald Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_oppose_the_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Former_executive_branch_officials" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Republicans who oppose the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">List of Republicans who oppose the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign#Former executive branch officials</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Age_and_health_concerns_about_Donald_Trump&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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Will someone from his depleted and food starved regime please inform him that I too have a Nuclear Button, but it is a much bigger & more powerful one than his, and my Button works!"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=North+Korean+Leader+Kim+Jong+Un+just+stated+that+the+%22Nuclear+Button+is+on+his+desk+at+all+times.%22+Will+someone+from+his+depleted+and+food+starved+regime+please+inform+him+that+I+too+have+a+Nuclear+Button%2C+but+it+is+a+much+bigger+%26+more+powerful+one+than+his%2C+and+my+Button+works%21&rft.date=2018-01-03&rft.au=Donald+J.+Trump&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FrealDonaldTrump%2Fstatus%2F948355557022420992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAge+and+health+concerns+about+Donald+Trump" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_1-6-18-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-6-18_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-6-18_61-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakerHaberman2018" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Peter; Haberman, Maggie (January 6, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/06/us/politics/trump-genius-mental-health.html">"Trump, Defending His Mental Fitness, Says He's a 'Very Stable Genius'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724075535/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/06/us/politics/trump-genius-mental-health.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2018. 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Retrieved July 25, 2018. <q>[T]here are a few hard and fast principles that he himself lives by: no drugs, no cigarettes and no alcohol. 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February 6, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021091528/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fN5OLqxNqc">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2016. Retrieved September 4, 2016. <q>WATTERS: "Have you ever smoked weed?" TRUMP: "No, I have not. I have not. I would tell you 100 percent because everyone else seems to admit it nowadays, so I would actually tell you. This is almost like, it's almost like 'Hey, it's a sign'. No, I have never. 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Retrieved October 14, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&rft.atitle=Trump+Allies+Fear+He%27s+Sabotaging+His+Own+Campaign&rft.date=2024-08-14&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Gabriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2Ftrump-allies-fear-sabotaging-campaign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAge+and+health+concerns+about+Donald+Trump" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Donald_Trump" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Donald_Trump" title="Template:Donald Trump"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Donald_Trump" title="Template talk:Donald Trump"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Donald_Trump" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Donald Trump"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Donald_Trump" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">45th</a> (2017–2021) and <a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidency of Donald Trump">47th</a> (beginning 2025) <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_career_of_Donald_Trump" title="Business career of Donald Trump">Business career</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Trump_Organization" title="The Trump Organization">The Trump Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_and_business_legal_affairs_of_Donald_Trump" title="Personal and business legal affairs of Donald Trump">legal affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_projects_of_Donald_Trump_in_Russia" title="Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia">business projects in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Links_between_Trump_associates_and_Russian_officials" title="Links between Trump associates and Russian officials">links between business partners and Russian government officials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_of_Donald_Trump" title="Wealth of Donald Trump">wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_returns_of_Donald_Trump" title="Tax returns of Donald Trump">tax returns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Media_%26_Technology_Group" title="Trump Media & Technology Group">Trump Media & Technology Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_career_of_Donald_Trump" title="Media career of Donald Trump">Media career</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Apprentice_(American_TV_series)" title="The Apprentice (American TV series)">The Apprentice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_American_football" title="Donald Trump and American football">American football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_golf" title="Donald Trump and golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of awards and honors received by Donald Trump">Honors and awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Donald_Trump" title="Political positions of Donald Trump">Political positions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_and_fascism" title="Donald Trump and fascism">Relationship to fascism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric_of_Donald_Trump" title="Rhetoric of Donald Trump">Rhetoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="2021 Conservative Political Action Conference">2021 CPAC speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_endorsements_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of endorsements by Donald Trump">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_or_misleading_statements_by_Donald_Trump" title="False or misleading statements by Donald Trump">False or misleading statements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Donald_Trump" title="Protests against Donald Trump">Protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_protests_against_Donald_Trump" title="Timeline of protests against Donald Trump">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_views_of_Donald_Trump" title="Racial views of Donald Trump">Racial views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_incidents_involving_Donald_Trump" title="Security incidents involving Donald Trump">Security incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Donald_Trump_Las_Vegas_rally_incident" title="2016 Donald Trump Las Vegas rally incident">Las Vegas rally incident</a></li></ul></li> <li>Attempted assassinations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Pennsylvania" title="Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania">in Pennsylvania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_raised-fist_photographs" title="Donald Trump raised-fist photographs">raised-fist photographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Matthew_Crooks" title="Thomas Matthew Crooks">perpetrator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Donald_Trump_in_Florida" title="Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Florida">in Florida</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Wesley_Routh" title="Ryan Wesley Routh">suspect</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Age and health concerns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivana_Trump" title="Ivana Trump">Ivana Trump</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marla_Maples" title="Marla Maples">Marla Maples</a> (second wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melania_Trump" title="Melania Trump">Melania Trump</a> (third wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Jr." title="Donald Trump Jr.">Donald Trump Jr.</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanka_Trump" title="Ivanka Trump">Ivanka Trump</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Trump" title="Eric Trump">Eric Trump</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_Trump" title="Tiffany Trump">Tiffany Trump</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Trump" title="Fred Trump">Fred Trump</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_MacLeod_Trump" title="Mary Anne MacLeod Trump">Mary Anne MacLeod Trump</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryanne_Trump_Barry" title="Maryanne Trump Barry">Maryanne Trump Barry</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Trump_Jr." title="Fred Trump Jr.">Fred Trump Jr.</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Trump" title="Robert Trump">Robert Trump</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Trump" title="Frederick Trump">Frederick Trump</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Christ_Trump" title="Elizabeth Christ Trump">Elizabeth Christ Trump</a> (grandmother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Kushner" title="Jared Kushner">Jared Kushner</a> (son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lara_Trump" title="Lara Trump">Lara Trump</a> (daughter-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Trump" title="Vanessa Trump">Vanessa Trump</a> (former daughter-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaine_Trump" title="Blaine Trump">Blaine Trump</a> (former sister-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amalija_Knavs" title="Amalija Knavs">Amalija Knavs</a> (mother-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Trump" title="John G. Trump">John G. Trump</a> (uncle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_L._Trump" title="Mary L. Trump">Mary L. Trump</a> (niece)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Trump_III" title="Fred Trump III">Fred Trump III</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitney_Walter" title="John Whitney Walter">John Whitney Walter</a> (cousin)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Donald_Trump" title="Bibliography of Donald Trump">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trump:_The_Art_of_the_Deal" title="Trump: The Art of the Deal">Trump: The Art of the Deal</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump:_Surviving_at_the_Top" title="Trump: Surviving at the Top">Trump: Surviving at the Top</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump:_The_Art_of_the_Comeback" title="Trump: The Art of the Comeback">Trump: The Art of the Comeback</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_America_We_Deserve" title="The America We Deserve">The America We Deserve</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump:_How_to_Get_Rich" title="Trump: How to Get Rich">Trump: How to Get Rich</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_to_the_Top" title="The Way to the Top">The Way to the Top</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_101" title="Trump 101">Trump 101</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Why_We_Want_You_to_Be_Rich" title="Why We Want You to Be Rich">Why We Want You to Be Rich</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_Big_and_Kick_Ass" title="Think Big and Kick Ass">Think Big and Kick Ass</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_to_Get_Tough" title="Time to Get Tough">Time to Get Tough</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midas_Touch_(book)" title="Midas Touch (book)">Midas Touch</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crippled_America" title="Crippled America">Crippled America</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campaigns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2000 presidential campaign">2000 presidential campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016 presidential campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign#Announcement" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">announcement</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again" title="Make America Great Again">Make America Great Again</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rallies_for_the_2016_Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign" title="List of rallies for the 2016 Donald Trump presidential campaign">rallies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Links_between_Trump_associates_and_Russian_officials" title="Links between Trump associates and Russian officials">links between campaign officials and Russian government officials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossfire_Hurricane_(FBI_investigation)" title="Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)">Crossfire Hurricane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">2016 Republican primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign_primary_endorsements" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign primary endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2016 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 general election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2016 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="International reactions to the 2016 United States presidential election">reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Voters_Against_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Voters Against Trump">Republican opposition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Never_Trump_movement" title="Never Trump movement">Never Trump movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_opposed_the_Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="List of Republicans who opposed the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney%27s_2016_anti-Trump_speech" title="Mitt Romney's 2016 anti-Trump speech">Mitt Romney speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_opposed_the_Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="List of Republicans who opposed the Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republicans_who_oppose_the_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Republicans who oppose the Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_sexual_misconduct_allegations" title="Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations">Sexual misconduct allegations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Access_Hollywood_tape" title="Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape">Access Hollywood recording</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020 presidential campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_rallies_(December_2016%E2%80%932022)#2020_presidential_campaign" title="List of Donald Trump rallies (December 2016–2022)">rallies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Trump_Tulsa_rally" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Trump Tulsa rally">2020 Tulsa rally</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">2020 Republican primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 general election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign_political_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign political endorsements">political endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign non-political endorsements">non-political endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2020 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">attempts to overturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_reactions_to_Donald_Trump%27s_claims_of_2020_election_fraud" title="Republican reactions to Donald Trump's claims of 2020 election fraud">Republican reactions to Trump's election fraud claims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidential transition of Joe Biden">Biden transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">2024 presidential campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign#Announcement" title="Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign">annoucement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rallies_for_the_2024_Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign" title="List of rallies for the 2024 Donald Trump presidential campaign">rallies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">2024 Republican primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign_primary_endorsements" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign primary endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2024 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2024 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention" title="2024 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024 general election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_eligibility_of_Donald_Trump" title="Presidential eligibility of Donald Trump">eligibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2024 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidential transition of Donald Trump">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala_is_for_they/them" title="Kamala is for they/them">Kamala is for they/them</a> (attack ad)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_Bless_the_U.S.A._Bible" title="God Bless the U.S.A. Bible">Trump Bible</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/God_Bless_the_U.S.A." title="God Bless the U.S.A.">God Bless the U.S.A.</a>" (campaign song)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Y.M.C.A._(song)" title="Y.M.C.A. (song)">Y.M.C.A.</a>" (campaign song)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal affairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FBI_investigation_into_Donald_Trump%27s_handling_of_government_documents" title="FBI investigation into Donald Trump's handling of government documents">FBI investigation into handling of government documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI_search_of_Mar-a-Lago" title="FBI search of Mar-a-Lago">FBI search of Mar-a-Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_investigations_of_The_Trump_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="New York investigations of The Trump Organization">New York investigations of The Trump Organization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal" title="Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal">Stormy Daniels scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_civil_investigation_of_The_Trump_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="New York civil investigation of The Trump Organization">civil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_criminal_investigation_of_The_Trump_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="New York criminal investigation of The Trump Organization">criminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Jean_Carroll_v._Donald_J._Trump" title="E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump">Carroll v. Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_v._United_States_(2022)" title="Trump v. United States (2022)">Trump v. United States (2022)</a></li> <li>State prosecutions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_election_racketeering_prosecution" title="Georgia election racketeering prosecution">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_in_New_York" title="Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York">New York</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_special_counsel_investigation" title="Smith special counsel investigation">Smith special counsel investigation</a></li> <li>Federal prosecution <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_(classified_documents_case)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (classified documents case)">classified documents case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_prosecution_of_Donald_Trump_(election_obstruction_case)" title="Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case)">election obstruction case</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mug_shot_of_Donald_Trump" title="Mug shot of Donald Trump">Trump mug shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_v._United_States_(2024)" title="Trump v. United States (2024)">Trump v. United States (2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Donald_Trump" title="Family of Donald Trump">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump_Foundation" title="Donald J. 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