CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="no-js" lang="en_US"> <head> <meta name="og:image" content="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/question/preview_image/15881/2291884/preview-43b91fc7ac31fe6f3c2aaaa1c8ea9a9a20250113-2-ee6jb6.png" />  <script src=https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="1c6e3712-d123-4de3-8230-588d60235108" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script>  <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"56aae830c8","applicationID":"15354177","transactionName":"JllXTUtXClVdF00NCwpBVVxdXwNmWgQRA0oOWFZOVV0CXl1KEQ4KEg==","queueTime":2,"applicationTime":1875,"agent":""}</script> <script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"56aae830c8",applicationID:"15354177"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>b,xN:()=>v});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources";var a=r(993);const s=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(614),u=r(944),l=r(384),d=r(122);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:a.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){s(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,u.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){s(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,u.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,u.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},p={},m="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(m);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);p[e]=(0,d.a)(t,g());const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.281.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(969),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),A=r(434);const R=new Map;function _(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var R="api-",E=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),_(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(R,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(E+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(E,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(E,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var S=r(284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(O(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",S.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.281.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-zqOtfbjYsGTkQScey1O8Hh9fA1+m2RFxLpfv7BWqqTivgQ6iM13v6QJ4d5xykyDwx1GoMFmngC4SKpFn6VciYg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(908),_=i(843),E=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,_.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(969);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/*" href="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/customization_request/file/15881/14611/elsevier-favicon.png" /> <title>Pure Accessibility - Pure</title> <meta name="description" content="Pure is committed to delivering an accessible product. We conduct annual reviews to evaluate our Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) compatibility." />  <meta property="og:title" content="Pure Accessibility" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.com/accessibility/pure-accessibility" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Pure is committed to delivering an accessible product. We conduct annual reviews to evaluate our Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) compatibility." /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Pure" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/customization_request/file/15881/14611/elsevier-favicon.png" />  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Pure Accessibility"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Pure is committed to delivering an accessible product. We conduct annual reviews to evaluate our Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) compatibility."> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.comhttps://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/direct/1724849390660/image.png"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.com/en_US/accessibility/pure-accessibility" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/assets.helpjuice.com/fontawesome/css/all.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://helpjuice-static.s3.amazonaws.com/assets.helpjuice.com/country-flags/flags.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.18.3/styles/foundation.min.css" integrity="sha512-6wXxZrYQz15y9/7Een4KL2jaVIgDue52ESMiNNa5nk2OGBp0e4JhsFiyNXdMI4Oe269AaoqkA3wGI9kL4gBRKQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/feedbacks.css"> <script src="/feedbacks.js" defer></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/knowledgebase.css"> <script src="/knowledgebase.js" defer></script> <link href="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/account/15881/main_css_15881-40806009439836d8eddcb8e7d0abfe1c977c8611d39c6a0fedc66a94c06b112e.css" media="all" rel="stylesheet" /> <script> var categories_map = [{className: "id_489009",name: "Announcements",url: "/announcements"}, {className: "id_485036",name: "Release Notes",url: "/release-notes"}, {className: "id_671883",name: "5.32",url: "/5320"}, {className: "id_623895",name: "5.31",url: "/531"}, {className: "id_623897",name: "5.31.1",url: "/5311"}, {className: "id_623898",name: "5.31.2",url: "/5312"}, {className: "id_623899",name: "5.31.3",url: "/5313"}, {className: "id_540419",name: "5.30",url: "/530"}, {className: "id_579127",name: "5.30.1 ",url: "/5301"}, {className: "id_579658",name: "5.30.2",url: "/5302"}, {className: "id_579661",name: "5.30.3",url: "/5303"}, {className: "id_523385",name: "5.29",url: "/529"}, {className: "id_526336",name: "5.29.1",url: "/5291"}, {className: "id_543994",name: "5.29.2",url: "/5292"}, {className: "id_554597",name: "5.29.3",url: "/5293"}, {className: "id_507842",name: "5.28",url: "/release-notes-pure-5280-4470"}, {className: "id_516542",name: "5.28.1",url: "/5281"}, {className: "id_519457",name: "5.28.2",url: "/5282"}, {className: "id_524570",name: "5.28.3",url: "/5283"}, {className: "id_508269",name: "5.27",url: "/release-notes-pure-5270-4460"}, {className: "id_508287",name: "5.27.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5271-4461"}, {className: "id_508322",name: "5.27.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5272-4462"}, {className: "id_508365",name: "5.27.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5273-4463"}, {className: "id_508366",name: "5.26",url: "/release-notes-pure-5260-4450"}, {className: "id_508466",name: "5.26.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5261-4451"}, {className: "id_508490",name: "5.26.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5262-4452"}, {className: "id_508493",name: "5.26.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5263-4453"}, {className: "id_508495",name: "5.26.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5264-4454"}, {className: "id_508629",name: "5.25",url: "/release-notes-pure-5250-4440"}, {className: "id_508636",name: "5.25.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5251-4441"}, {className: "id_508637",name: "5.25.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5252-4442"}, {className: "id_508656",name: "5.25.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5253-4443"}, {className: "id_508657",name: "5.25.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5254-4444"}, {className: "id_508658",name: "5.24",url: "/release-notes-pure-5240-4430"}, {className: "id_508661",name: "5.24.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5241-4431"}, {className: "id_508662",name: "5.24.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5242-4432"}, {className: "id_508663",name: "5.24.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5243-4433"}, {className: "id_508664",name: "5.24.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5244-4434"}, {className: "id_508809",name: "5.23",url: "/release-notes-pure-5230-4420"}, {className: "id_509105",name: "5.23.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5231-4421"}, {className: "id_509111",name: "5.23.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5232-4422"}, {className: "id_509153",name: "5.23.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5233-4423"}, {className: "id_509165",name: "5.23.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5234-4424"}, {className: "id_510680",name: "5.22",url: "/release-notes-pure-5220-4410"}, {className: "id_510701",name: "5.22.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5221-4411"}, {className: "id_510723",name: "5.22.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5222-4412"}, {className: "id_510741",name: "5.22.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5223-4413"}, {className: "id_510775",name: "5.21",url: "/release-notes-pure-5210-4400"}, {className: "id_510778",name: "5.21.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5211-4401"}, {className: "id_510785",name: "5.21.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5212-4402"}, {className: "id_510791",name: "5.21.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5213-4403"}, {className: "id_515676",name: "5.21.4",url: "/5214"}, {className: "id_510812",name: "5.20",url: "/release-notes-pure-5200-4390"}, {className: "id_511037",name: "5.20.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5201-4391"}, {className: "id_511042",name: "5.20.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5202-4392"}, {className: "id_511832",name: "5.20.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5203-4393"}, {className: "id_511834",name: "5.20.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5204-4394"}, {className: "id_511839",name: "5.19",url: "/release-notes-pure-5190-4380"}, {className: "id_511857",name: "5.19.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5191-4381"}, {className: "id_515931",name: "5.19.2",url: "/5192"}, {className: "id_511912",name: "5.19.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5193-4383"}, {className: "id_511915",name: "5.19.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5194-438"}, {className: "id_511923",name: "5.18",url: "/release-notes-pure-5180-4370"}, {className: "id_512077",name: "5.18.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5181-4371"}, {className: "id_512078",name: "5.18.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5182-4372"}, {className: "id_512089",name: "5.18.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5183-4373"}, {className: "id_512090",name: "5.18.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5184-4374"}, {className: "id_512096",name: "5.17",url: "/release-notes-pure-5170-4360"}, {className: "id_512100",name: "5.17.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5171-4361"}, {className: "id_512109",name: "5.17.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5172-4362"}, {className: "id_512139",name: "5.17.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5173-4363"}, {className: "id_512189",name: "5.17.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5174-4364"}, {className: "id_512190",name: "5.16",url: "/release-notes-pure-5160-4350"}, {className: "id_512193",name: "5.16.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5161-4351"}, {className: "id_512323",name: "5.16.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5162-4352"}, {className: "id_512613",name: "5.16.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5163-4353"}, {className: "id_512627",name: "5.16.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5164-4354"}, {className: "id_512628",name: "5.15",url: "/release-notes-pure-5150-4340"}, {className: "id_512630",name: "5.15.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5151-4341"}, {className: "id_512631",name: "5.15.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5152-4342"}, {className: "id_512632",name: "5.15.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5153-4343"}, {className: "id_512634",name: "5.14",url: "/release-notes-pure-5140-4330"}, {className: "id_512651",name: "5.14.1-2",url: "/release-details-pure-5141-2-4331-2"}, {className: "id_512759",name: "5.14.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5142-4332"}, {className: "id_512768",name: "5.14.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5143-4333"}, {className: "id_512770",name: "5.14.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5144-4334"}, {className: "id_512771",name: "5.13",url: "/release-notes-pure-5130-4320"}, {className: "id_512772",name: "5.13.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5131-4321"}, {className: "id_512788",name: "5.13.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5132-4322"}, {className: "id_512794",name: "5.13.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5133-4323"}, {className: "id_512795",name: "5.13.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5134-4324"}, {className: "id_512796",name: "5.13.4-3",url: "/release-details-pure-5134-3-4324-3"}, {className: "id_512826",name: "5.12",url: "/release-notes-pure-5120-4310"}, {className: "id_512827",name: "5.12.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5121-4311"}, {className: "id_512828",name: "Release Details - Pure 5.12.1-4",url: "/release-details-pure-5121-4"}, {className: "id_512829",name: "5.12.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5122-4312"}, {className: "id_512832",name: "5.12.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5123-4313"}, {className: "id_512834",name: "5.12.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5124-4314"}, {className: "id_512835",name: "5.11",url: "/release-notes-pure-5110-4300"}, {className: "id_512837",name: "Facilities / Equipment Model Details",url: "/facilities-equipment-model-details"}, {className: "id_512838",name: "5.11.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5111-4301"}, {className: "id_512962",name: "5.11.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5112-4302"}, {className: "id_512970",name: "5.11.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5113-4303"}, {className: "id_516538",name: "5.11.4",url: "/5114"}, {className: "id_510550",name: "5.10",url: "/release-notes-pure-5100-4290"}, {className: "id_510551",name: "Research Output Model Details",url: "/research-output-model-details"}, {className: "id_510552",name: "5.10.1",url: "/release-details-pure-5101-4291"}, {className: "id_510553",name: "5.10.2",url: "/release-details-pure-5102-4292"}, {className: "id_510659",name: "5.10.3",url: "/release-details-pure-5103-4293"}, {className: "id_510676",name: "5.10.4",url: "/release-details-pure-5104-4294"}, {className: "id_510444",name: "5.9",url: "/release-notes-pure-590-4280"}, {className: "id_510490",name: "5.9.1",url: "/release-details-pure-591-4281"}, {className: "id_510502",name: "5.9.2",url: "/release-details-pure-592-4282"}, {className: "id_510548",name: "5.9.3",url: "/release-details-pure-593-4283"}, {className: "id_510549",name: "5.9.4",url: "/release-details-pure-594-4284"}, {className: "id_510260",name: "5.8",url: "/release-notes-pure-580-4270"}, {className: "id_510261",name: "5.8.1",url: "/release-details-pure-581-4271"}, {className: "id_510264",name: "5.8.2",url: "/release-details-pure-582-4272"}, {className: "id_510273",name: "5.8.3",url: "/release-details-pure-583-4273"}, {className: "id_510376",name: "5.8.4",url: "/release-details-pure-584-4274"}, {className: "id_510063",name: "5.7",url: "/release-notes-pure-570-4260"}, {className: "id_510214",name: "5.7.1",url: "/release-details-pure-571-4261"}, {className: "id_510216",name: "5.7.2",url: "/release-details-pure-572-4262"}, {className: "id_510217",name: "5.7.3",url: "/release-details-pure-573-4263"}, {className: "id_510225",name: "5.7.4",url: "/release-details-pure-574-4264"}, {className: "id_518292",name: "Activity Model Details",url: "/activity-model-details"}, {className: "id_509166",name: "5.6",url: "/release-notes-pure-560-4250"}, {className: "id_509768",name: "5.6.1",url: "/release-details-pure-561-4251"}, {className: "id_509883",name: "5.6.2",url: "/release-details-pure-562-4252"}, {className: "id_510038",name: "5.6.3",url: "/release-details-pure-563-4253"}, {className: "id_510060",name: "5.6.4",url: "/release-details-pure-564-4254"}, {className: "id_508726",name: "5.5",url: "/release-notes-pure-550-4240"}, {className: "id_508791",name: "5.5.1",url: "/release-notes-pure-551-4241"}, {className: "id_508797",name: "5.5.2",url: "/release-notes-pure-552-4242"}, {className: "id_508805",name: "5.5.3",url: "/release-notes-pure-553-4243"}, {className: "id_508808",name: "5.5.4",url: "/release-notes-pure-554-4244"}, {className: "id_508705",name: "5.4",url: "/release-notes-pure-540-4230"}, {className: "id_508706",name: "5.4.1",url: "/release-notes-pure-541-4231"}, {className: "id_508707",name: "5.4.2 ",url: "/release-notes-pure-542-4232"}, {className: "id_508719",name: "5.4.3",url: "/release-notes-pure-543-4233"}, {className: "id_508720",name: "5.4.4",url: "/release-notes-pure-544-4234"}, {className: "id_508676",name: "5.3",url: "/release-notes-pure-530-4220"}, {className: "id_508701",name: "5.3.1",url: "/release-notes-pure-531-4221"}, {className: "id_508702",name: "5.3.2",url: "/release-notes-pure-532-4222"}, {className: "id_508703",name: "5.3.3",url: "/release-notes-pure-533-4223"}, {className: "id_508704",name: "5.3.4",url: "/release-notes-pure-534-4224"}, {className: "id_508671",name: "5.2",url: "/release-notes-pure-520-4210"}, {className: "id_515963",name: "5.1",url: "/51"}, {className: "id_485465",name: "Knowledge base articles",url: "/knowledge-base"}, {className: "id_503841",name: "Pure Core",url: "/pure-core"}, {className: "id_503842",name: "Pure Portal",url: "/pure-portal"}, {className: "id_520645",name: "What is shown on the Portal",url: "/what-is-shown-on-the-portal"}, {className: "id_520646",name: "Portal Settings",url: "/manage-portal-settings"}, {className: "id_520647",name: "Portal Search and Filtering",url: "/portal-search-and-filtering"}, {className: "id_520648",name: "Portal Text Resources",url: "/managing-portal-text-resources"}, {className: "id_531360",name: "Pure Portal related release notes",url: "/pure-portal-related-release-notes"}, {className: "id_503843",name: "Reporting",url: "/reporting"}, {className: "id_512833",name: "Reporting community",url: "/reporting-community"}, {className: "id_518375",name: "Example Workspaces",url: "/example-workspaces"}, {className: "id_518417",name: "Research Output",url: "/research-output"}, {className: "id_519510",name: "Activity",url: "/activity"}, {className: "id_518800",name: "Project",url: "/project"}, {className: "id_518838",name: "Application",url: "/application"}, {className: "id_518395",name: "Award",url: "/award"}, {className: "id_519512",name: "Dataset",url: "/dataset"}, {className: "id_519453",name: "Impact",url: "/impact"}, {className: "id_519447",name: "Press/Media",url: "/pressmedia"}, {className: "id_519507",name: "Student theses",url: "/student-theses"}, {className: "id_519451",name: "Funding opportunity",url: "/funding-opportunity"}, {className: "id_518376",name: "Person",url: "/person"}, {className: "id_518772",name: "Organisation",url: "/organisation"}, {className: "id_518835",name: "External organisation",url: "/external-organisation"}, {className: "id_518420",name: "Journal",url: "/journal"}, {className: "id_519513",name: "User",url: "/user"}, {className: "id_518402",name: "Metrics",url: "/metrics"}, {className: "id_518413",name: "Open_Access",url: "/open_access"}, {className: "id_518813",name: "Collaboration",url: "/collaboration"}, {className: "id_519450",name: "SDG",url: "/sdg"}, {className: "id_518399",name: "Tips-n-tricks",url: "/tips-n-tricks"}, {className: "id_503844",name: "Award Management",url: "/award-management"}, {className: "id_522676",name: "Award Management related release notes",url: "/award-management-related-release-notes"}, {className: "id_503845",name: "National Assessments",url: "/national-assessments"}, {className: "id_530443",name: "REF",url: "/ref"}, {className: "id_518077",name: "REF2029",url: "/ref2028"}, {className: "id_529036",name: "Previous REF",url: "/previous-ref"}, {className: "id_529037",name: "REF2014",url: "/ref2014"}, {className: "id_529038",name: "REF2021",url: "/ref2021"}, {className: "id_530445",name: "ERA",url: "/era"}, {className: "id_530446",name: "ERA2015 and HERDC modules",url: "/era2015-and-herdc-modules"}, {className: "id_530447",name: "ERA2018",url: "/era2018"}, {className: "id_530448",name: "ERA2023",url: "/era2023"}, {className: "id_530467",name: "SEP/KOUZ",url: "/sepkouz"}, {className: "id_530482",name: "BFI",url: "/bfi"}, {className: "id_530483",name: "Den bibliometriske forskningsindikator",url: "/den-bibliometriske-forskningsindikator"}, {className: "id_530484",name: "DDF-MXD",url: "/ddf-mxd"}, {className: "id_503846",name: "Community Module",url: "/community-module"}, {className: "id_503847",name: "Data Sources and Integrations",url: "/data-sources-and-integrations"}, {className: "id_503848",name: "CV Module",url: "/cv-module"}, {className: "id_490690",name: "Pure Support team",url: "/support-team"}, {className: "id_492949",name: "Contact Us",url: "/contact-us"}, {className: "id_508765",name: "Data privacy and data security",url: "/data-privacy-and-data-security"}, {className: "id_512928",name: "Client Services Tools",url: "/new-client-services-tools"}, {className: "id_633639",name: "SLA",url: "/sla"}, {className: "id_492954",name: "Training",url: "/training"}, {className: "id_509082",name: "Client Certification",url: "/client-certification"}, {className: "id_519381",name: "Pure Academy",url: "/pure-academy"}, {className: "id_519382",name: "Basic classes (English)",url: "/basic-classes"}, {className: "id_519400",name: "Clases Básicas (Spanish/Español)",url: "/clases-básicas-spanishespañol"}, {className: "id_520367",name: "基础课程 (简体) (Simplified Chinese)",url: "/基础课程-简体-simplified-chinese"}, {className: "id_520368",name: "基礎課程 (繁體) (Traditional Chinese)",url: "/基礎課程-繁體-traditional-chinese"}, {className: "id_513094",name: "Master classes",url: "/master-classes"}, {className: "id_522730",name: "Pure Academy Reporting",url: "/pure-academy-reporting"}, {className: "id_509120",name: "Technical user guides",url: "/technical-user-guides"}, {className: "id_509951",name: "Hosting and installation",url: "/hosting-and-installation"}, {className: "id_510142",name: "Maintaining a healthy Pure",url: "/maintaining-a-healthy-pure"}, {className: "id_510906",name: "Metrics in Pure",url: "/metrics-in-pure"}, {className: "id_510922",name: "Pure installation and upgrade guide (self-hosted customers only)",url: "/pure-installation-and-upgrade-guide-self-hosted-customers-only"}, {className: "id_512072",name: "Integrations",url: "/integrations"}, {className: "id_513230",name: "Synchronizations",url: "/content-type-xml-documentation"}, {className: "id_513696",name: "General synchronisation information",url: "/general-synchronisation-information"}, {className: "id_513698",name: "Content Type XML Documentation",url: "/content-type-xml-documentations"}, {className: "id_513697",name: "Master Data Types",url: "/master-data-types"}, {className: "id_514285",name: "Editor Content Types",url: "/editor-content-types"}, {className: "id_515239",name: "UPM & Award Management",url: "/upm-award-management"}, {className: "id_513276",name: "Database View Synchronization",url: "/database-view-synchronization"}, {className: "id_513231",name: "Import sources",url: "/import-sources"}, {className: "id_512591",name: "Open access",url: "/open-access"}, {className: "id_513036",name: "Pure API",url: "/pure-api"}, {className: "id_862593",name: "API Examples",url: "/api-examples"}, {className: "id_513048",name: "Web service",url: "/web-service"}, {className: "id_513066",name: "Accessibility",url: "/accessibility"}, {className: "id_513069",name: "FAQ (Tech)",url: "/faq-tech"}, {className: "id_509952",name: "External authentication mechanisms",url: "/external-authentication-mechanisms"}, {className: "id_515267",name: "Pure Portals",url: "/pure-portals"}, {className: "id_515765",name: "Fingerprinting",url: "/fingerprinting"}, {className: "id_512874",name: "Community",url: "/community"}, {className: "id_521458",name: "Custom-defined fields (CDFs)",url: "/custom-defined-fields-cdfs"}, {className: "id_537337",name: "Implementation",url: "/implementation"}, {className: "id_492953",name: "Events",url: "/events"}, {className: "id_489072",name: "Pure & simple",url: "/pure-simple"}, {className: "id_506902",name: "New & Noteworthy",url: "/new-noteworthy"}, {className: "id_509765",name: "Pure International Conferences",url: "/pure-international-conferences"}, {className: "id_643030",name: "Administrator",url: "/administrator"}]; </script> <meta name="question-id" content="2291884"><meta name="category-id" content="513066"><meta name="flow-id" content=""><meta name="current-language" content="en_US"><meta name="knowledge-base-url" content="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.com/"><meta name="current-user-id" content=""><meta name="ignore-users-analytics" content="false"><meta name="reading-timeout" content="10000"><meta name="account-subdirectory-prefix" content=""><meta name="current-account-id" content="15881"><meta name="account-subdomain" content="pure"><meta name="helpjuice-knowledge-base-url" content="https://pure.helpjuice.com/"></head> <body class="scientia-theme question_page">  <section class="pure-banner-container" data-helpjuice-component="Banner Notification" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.com/en_US/announcements/pure-client-certification-foundations-march-2025-cohort" target="_blank" data-helpjuice-element="Notification Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="text,link,font_size,color">Registration is Now Open for the Pure Client Certification Course. Sign Up Now!</a> </section>   <header id="main-header" class="header" data-helpjuice-component="Main Navigation Header" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Navigation Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="two-col-layout" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Navigation Layout" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="column-left" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Left Column" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="/" class="logo" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/3635457/1700000478256-Mode_Light__Format_Vertical__Size_L%2B1.png" alt="Pure's logos" width="60px" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Left Logo Image" data-helpjuice-attributes="image,visibility"></a> <div> <h5 data-helpjuice-element="Header Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Pure Help Center for Pure Administrators</h5> <p data-helpjuice-element="Header Description" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">If you are a researcher, or other non-admin at your institution, <a href="/contact-us/contact-your-local-administrator" data-helpjuice-element="Header Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">click here</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div class="column-right" data-helpjuice-element="Right Column Navigation Menu" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="#" class="open-user-nav" data-helpjuice-element="Open User Navigation Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="far fa-bars" data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a> <nav class="user-nav" data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Menu" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <header data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Right Column Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <a href="/" class="nav-logo" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><span class="altLogo" data-helpjuice-element="Alternate Navigation Logo Span" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"></span></a> <a href="#" class="close-user-nav" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Close Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="far fa-times" data-helpjuice-element="Close User Navigation Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a> </header> <ul data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Menu 1" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <li><a href="/" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Home Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/announcements" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Announcements Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Announcements</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/release-notes" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Release Notes Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Release Notes</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/technical-user-guides" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Release Notes Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Technical user guides</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/training" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Training Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Training</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/events" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Events Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Events</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/support-team" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Support Nav Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Support</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/contact-us" class="nav-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Contact Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <main id="main-content" class="article-content">  <ul class="breadcrumbs" data-helpjuice-component="Breadcrumb Navigation List" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Home Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <li><a href="/" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Home Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/training" class="item" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Item Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Training</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/technical-user-guides" class="item" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Item Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Technical user guides</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/accessibility" class="item" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Item Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Accessibility</a></li> </div> </ul>   <section class="search-section" data-helpjuice-component="Help Documentation Search Section" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Search Section Help Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <h2 data-helpjuice-element="Search Section Help Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">How Can We Help?</h2> <div class="search-form" autocomplete="off"> <div class="search-block"> <select id="category-select" aria-label="Select a Category"> <option value="0" title="All Documentation">All Documentation</option> <option value="489009" title="Announcements">Announcements</option> <option value="485036" title="Release Notes">Release Notes</option> <option value="485465" title="Knowledge base articles">Knowledge base articles</option> <option value="490690" title="Pure Support team">Pure Support team</option> <option value="492954" title="Training">Training</option> <option value="492953" title="Events">Events</option> <option value="643030" title="Administrator">Administrator</option> </select> <input id="search" type="search" placeholder="Search" autocomplete="off" aria-label="Search"> <i class="far fa-search"></i> <span class="close-search"><i class="far fa-times"></i></span> </div> <article id="search_results" style="display: none;"> <div id="results"> <div class="page_title"> <h4 class="intro center">Search Results</h4> <p class="result-nr"></p> <div class="filter-by-category"> <h5>Filter By Category</h5> <div> <label>Release Notes <span class="items-nr" data-category-id="485036"></span> <input id="485036" name="Release Notes" type="checkbox" value="Release Notes"> <span class="checkmark"></span> </label> <label>Announcements <span class="items-nr" data-category-id="489009"></span> <input id="489009" name="Announcements" type="checkbox" value="Announcements"> <span class="checkmark"></span> </label> <label>Knowledge article <span class="items-nr" data-category-id="485465"></span> <input id="485465" name="Knowledge" type="checkbox" value="Knowledge"> <span class="checkmark"></span> </label>  <label>Technical user guides <span class="items-nr" data-category-id="509120"></span> <input id="509120" name="Technical user guides" type="checkbox" value="Technical user guides"> <span class="checkmark"></span> </label> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="list search-results">  </ul> </div> <div id="no-results" class="hidden"> <div class="no-results-wrap js_equalise_is_landing">  <div class="contact"> <h4 class="intro">Contact Us</h4> <p>If you still have questions or prefer to get help directly from an agent, please submit a request. <br>We’ll get back to you as soon as possible.</p> <a href="/en_US/contact-us" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary">Contact us</a> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </section>  <div id="page_content">  <section data-helpjuice-component="Article Feedback Section" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="article-content" data-controller="feedbacks" data-feedbacks-load-form-value="/admin/feedbacks/comments/new?question_id=2291884" data-helpjuice-element="Private Article Content Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <h1 data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Pure Accessibility<span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Article Title Hidden Span" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Pure Accessibility</span></h1> <article class="fr-view" data-id="492954" data-action="mouseup->feedbacks#update" data-controller="glossary" data-glossary-url-value="/glossary_terms.json" data-helpjuice-element="Private Article Content View" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="helpjuice-editor-content" tabindex="0" data-helpjuice-element="Private Article Editor Content" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="helpjuice-article-body-content helpjuice-editor-content"><p>Pure is committed to delivering an accessible product. We conduct annual reviews to evaluate our Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG21/">WCAG</a>) compatibility. This is part of the overall <a href="https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Elsevier policy on accessibility</a>.</p><h1 id="summary-overview-0" data-toc="true">Summary Overview</h1><p>Below you can see a quick summary of the latest audit results. We are working continuously to improve the accessibility of both Pure and Pure Products.</p><p><i>Latest audit dates:</i></p><ul> <li>Pure Portal - August 2024</li> <li>Pure - October 2024</li> </ul><p><i>Next audit due:</i></p><ul> <li>Pure Portal - August 2025</li> <li>Pure - October 2025</li> </ul><p> </p><p><i>Pure Portal - August 2024</i>: COMPLIANT.</p><figure class="image"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/direct/1724849390660/image.png"></figure><p> </p><p><i>Pure - October 2024</i>: not yet fully compliant, but we are working to make it compliant.</p><figure class="image"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/direct/1729245658436/image.png" width="516px"></figure><p>Steps we are taking to bring Pure closer to compliance:</p><ul> <li>Identified key improvement areas</li> <li>Reviewed the options for introducing changes</li> <li>Are in the process of rebuilding the interface, making it WCAG-compliant<ul><li>Please note that this is a long-term effort and we are approaching it in segments. We aim for all the newly built parts of the interface to be compliant with the WCAG 2.2 guidelines.</li></ul> </li> </ul><p> </p><p>See the sections below for detailed overview of accessibility per subject section.</p><h1 id="-1" data-toc="true"> </h1><h1 id="in-detail-pure-portal-2" data-toc="true">In detail: Pure Portal</h1><figure class="image" style="border:px none #000000;box-shadow:10px 10px 10px #0000001C;"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/direct/1724849413555/image.png" alt="Pure portal wcag 2.2. compliance progress bar"></figure><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><iframe style="height:500px;width:100%;" src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/4341375/Pure%2BPortal%2BVPAT%2B-%2BAugust%2B2024.pdf" frameborder="0" data-embedded-iframe="true"></iframe><h1 id="-3" data-toc="true"> </h1><h1 id="in-detail-pure-4" data-toc="true">In detail: Pure</h1><figure class="image" style="border:px none #000000;box-shadow:10px 10px 10px #0000001C;"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/direct/1729245135570/image.png" alt="Pure wcag 2.2 AA compliance progress bar october 2024"></figure><p> </p><p> </p><iframe style="height:500px;width:100%;" src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/4679228/Pure%2BVPAT%2B-%2BOctober%2B2024.pdf" frameborder="0" data-embedded-iframe="true"></iframe><p> </p><h1 id="regional-formats-5" data-toc="true">Regional Formats</h1><p>You can also find the UK standard Accessibility statements separately:</p><p><a class="link-button" href="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.com/accessibility/pure-accessibility-statement-uk?from_search=150591163">Pure Accessibility Statement (UK)</a></p><p><a class="link-button" href="https://helpcenter.pure.elsevier.com/accessibility/pure-portal-accessibility-statement-uk?from_search=150591163">Pure Portal Accessibility Statement (UK)</a></p></div> <div class="article-info" data-helpjuice-element="Article Update Info" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background">  <p class="date" data-helpjuice-element="Article Update Timestamp" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Updated at January 13, 2025</p> </div> </div> <aside data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Sidebar" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <a href="javascript:void()" id="printBtn" class="btn btn-primary" data-helpjuice-element="Download Button Aside Article" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Download</a> <div class="helpjuice-table-of-contents-container aside-box" data-helpjuice-element="Article Table Of Contents Aside Box" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <h5 data-helpjuice-element="Article Table Of Contents Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Table of Contents</h5> <ol class="helpjuice-toc-items" data-helpjuice-element="Article Table Of Contents List" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <li><a href="#summary-overview-0" data-tag-name="H1" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Summary Overview</a></li> <li><a href="#in-detail-pure-portal-2" data-tag-name="H1" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">In detail: Pure Portal</a></li> <li><a href="#in-detail-pure-4" data-tag-name="H1" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">In detail: Pure</a></li> <li><a href="#regional-formats-5" data-tag-name="H1" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Regional Formats</a></li> </ol> </div> <div class="related-articles aside-box" data-helpjuice-element="Related Articles Aside Box" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <h5 data-helpjuice-element="Related Articles Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Related Articles</h5> <ul data-helpjuice-element="Related Articles List" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <li class="article"> <a href="/en_US/technical-user-guides/pure-architecture" id="2279958" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Related Article Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Pure architecture</a> </li> <li class="article"> <a href="/en_US/technical-user-guides/information-on-change-to-supported-systems" id="2279123" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Related Article Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Information on change to supported systems</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="aside-box" data-helpjuice-element="Article Keywords Aside Box" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background" style="display: none;"> <h5 data-helpjuice-element="Article Aside Keywords Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Keywords</h5> <ul data-helpjuice-element="Aside Box Article List" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <li><a href="/contact-us##search_query=accessibility" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Aside Navigation Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/contact-us##search_query=unadulterated" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Aside Navigation Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">unadulterated</a></li> <li><a href="/contact-us##search_query=wcag" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Aside Navigation Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">wcag</a></li> <li><a href="/contact-us##search_query=wcag compliance" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Article Aside Navigation Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">wcag compliance</a></li> </ul> </div> <footer class="was-this-helpful" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Footer" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="thumbs" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Thumbs Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <p data-helpjuice-element="Article Helpfulness Prompt" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Was this article helpful?</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/questions/2291884/feedbacks" class="new_feedback" id="new_feedback" method="post" data-helpjuice-element="Feedback Submission Form" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <input name="authenticity_token" type="hidden" value="W7fIKyhlMGSYY6ZpNZ0EjAuXfvwpXGjx8KK7p9liJk0=" style="display: none"> <input id="feedback_score" name="feedback[score]" type="hidden" value="0" style="display: none"> <a id="yes" class="response feedback" data-helpjuice-element="Helpful Feedback Yes Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="thumb-up" data-helpjuice-element="Helpful Feedback Thumb Up" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> Yes </div> </a> <a id="no" class="response feedback" data-helpjuice-element="Negative Feedback Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="thumb-down" data-helpjuice-element="No Feedback Thumb Down" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> No </div> </a> </form> </div> <a class="enable-feedback" data-action="click->feedbacks#showFeedbackForm" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text"><i class="far fa-comment-alt-check" data-helpjuice-element="Feedback Confirmation Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i>Give feedback about this article</a> </footer> </aside> </article> </div> </div> </section>  </div> </main>  <footer id="footer" class="footer" data-helpjuice-component="Site Footer Section" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="background"> <div class="top-row"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="top-row-links" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Links Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <ul class="footer-list" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Links List 1" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <p class="footer-list-title" data-helpjuice-element="Footer About Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">About Pure</p> <li><a href="/en_US/announcements" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Announcements Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Announcements</a></li> </ul> <ul class="footer-list" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Links List" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <p class="footer-list-title" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Support Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Additional Support</p> <li><a href="/en_US/events" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Events Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Events</a></li> <li><a href="https://clientcommunity.pure.elsevier.com/" target="_blank" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Client Community Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Client Community <i class="far fa-arrow-right" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Navigation Arrow Icon 1" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/training" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Training Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Training</a></li> </ul> <ul class="footer-list" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Help Links List" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <p class="footer-list-title" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Help Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Need Help?</p> <li><a href="/en_US/contact-us" target="_blank" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Contact Us Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://clientcommunity.pure.elsevier.com/" target="_blank" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Submit Support Case Footer Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Submit a Support Case <i class="far fa-arrow-right" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Navigation Arrow Icon 2" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://clientcommunity.pure.elsevier.com/" target="_blank" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer My Cases Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">My Cases <i class="far fa-arrow-right" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Navigation Arrow Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bottom-row" data-helpjuice-element="Social Media Footer Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Social Media Footer Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="social-links" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Social Media Links" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <ul data-helpjuice-element="Footer Social Media Links 1" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <li><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/elsevier" target="_blank" class="social-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Linked In Social Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="fab fa-linkedin" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Linked In Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i><span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Social Links Linked In Icon Label" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Linkedin</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/elsevierpure" target="_blank" class="social-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Twitter Social Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="fab fa-twitter" data-helpjuice-element="Twitter Icon Link Footer" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i><span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Twitter Link Label" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Twitter</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ElsevierConnect" target="_blank" class="social-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Facebook Social Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="fab fa-facebook" data-helpjuice-element="Facebook Icon Footer Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i><span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Facebook Link Label" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@ResearchIntelligence" target="_blank" class="social-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Youtube Social Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="fab fa-youtube" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Youtube Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i><span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Social Link Youtube Label" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Youtube</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="image-wrapper" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Bottom Row Image Wrapper" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="#" title="Elsevier logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Elsevier Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/3616404/1699372978321-1698889997736-elsevier-logo-white%2B1.png" width="130px" alt="Elsevier logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Elsevier Logo Image" data-helpjuice-attributes="image,visibility"></a> <a href="#" title="Relx logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Relx Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/3558398/1697460747718-footer%2Bbottom%2Bright.png" width="74px" alt="Relx logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Relx Logo Image" data-helpjuice-attributes="image,visibility"></a> </div> <div class="copyright-row" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Row" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <p data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Notice" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Copyright © 2025 Elsevier, except certain content provided by third parties.</p> <ul class="copyrights-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Links" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/legal/elsevier-website-terms-and-conditions" target="_blank" class="copyright-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Terms Conditions Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Terms & Conditions <span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Terms Conditions Hidden Text" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Terms & Conditions</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/legal/privacy-policy" target="_blank" class="copyright-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Policy Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Privacy policy<span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Privacy Policy Label" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Privacy policy</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility" target="_blank" class="copyright-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Accessibility Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Accesibility<span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Accessibility Hint" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Accesibility</span></a></li> <li><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="window.OneTrust.ToggleInfoDisplay()" class="copyright-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Settings Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Cookie Settings<span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Cookie Settings Hint" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color,text">Cookie Settings</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p style="text-align: center;font-size: 15px;color: inherit;opacity: 0.7;margin: 30px 0;display: inline-block;width: 100%;"><a style="font-weight: 700;text-decoration: none;color:white" href="https://helpjuice.com/?utm_campaign=customer_kb">Knowledge Base Software powered by Helpjuice</a></p> </footer>  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.2.4.min.js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.selection/1.0.1/jquery.selection.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.13.1/highlight.min.js"></script>  <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/template-ac5762484172e351a5f18410317060e84937bca7ebf92c7f499fc688f7706db6.js"></script>  <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/responsivemenu-86a17116950142b41426c04b0f042c7bcdf0519b7f4e7a9fe1e9d67b48f9b46b.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/jquery.typewatch-14c782b50fde070c995ed3582b19df3e16cd2bf989f259f7b82121913d6b7210.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/questions-5f7c86b585e58e01f6b6cb825fcb20b7c719be6b7aaa7b9f1f27cc29c5ae68c2.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/contactform-393ba587d203d199f34f03466f29c99af7d0cc9eb653a05c60d4977502eb9e89.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/follow_unfollow-0de54e775b4e5390a7dc74bfe49c89805ed38cd21e1907e00ac897803e04e987.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/decision_trees-ab5fc72b8dc6f02b58a0ab4bd3cd074a7d879215719c6505d1dd45df0bc112e6.js"></script> <script src="/theme.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/glossary_article-a1bfc345e3d355d6a13e211dbf6a94d81368263e2d441ada8c4743df1764871e.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/account/15881/main_js_15881-0b7c934b55f10ed2abd26290a4cab0020e2395c7ba9885c16baafcf40169779b.js"></script> <div class="article-modal"> <div class="content"> <div class="sidebar"> <button class="close button">Close <i class="far fa-times"></i></button> <a href="" class="expand button">Expand <i class="fas fa-expand"></i></a> </div> <div class="main-content"> <header> <h2 class="article-name"></h2> </header> <div class="body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/helpjuice-251a8e6285deaaa907a544c1c733033a8b824623c59dadcdb8bc6f725e0bfee9.js"></script><script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/glossary-46fe931d51673faa23464c4f518fc7632816d8c5cb231f1a738a566c231cc8c4.js"></script></body> </html>