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Items of particularly high significance may receive a higher classification as: * {{nihongo|{{vanchor|Special Historic Sites}}|特別史跡|tokubetsu shiseki}} * {{nihongo|{{vanchor|Special Places of Scenic Beauty}}|特別名勝|tokubetsu meishō}} * {{nihongo|{{vanchor|Special Natural Monuments}}|特別天然記念物|tokubetsu tennen kinenbutsu}}, respectively.<ref name="chapter06"/> As of February 2019, there were 3,154 nationally designated Monuments: 1,823 Historic Sites (including 62 Special Historic Sites), 415 Places of Scenic Beauty (including 36 Special Places of Scenic Beauty), and 1,030 Natural Monuments (including 75 Special Natural Monuments).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shoukai/shitei.html |script-title=ja:史跡名勝天然記念物 |trans-title=Count of Monuments of Japan by Prefecture |language=ja |publisher=[[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |date=1 September 2013 |access-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110630172754/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shoukai/shitei.html |archive-date=30 June 2011 }}</ref> Since a single property can be included within more than one of these classes, the total number of properties is less than the sum of designations: for example [[Hamarikyu Gardens]] are both a Special Historic Site and a Special Place of Scenic Beauty.<ref name="chapter06">{{cite web |url = http://www.bunka.go.jp/english/pdf/h24_chapter_06.pdf |title = Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Properties |year = 2012 |work = Administration of Cultural Affairs in Japan |publisher = [[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |access-date = 21 September 2012 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130926194631/http://www.bunka.go.jp/english/pdf/h24_chapter_06.pdf |archive-date = 26 September 2013 }}</ref> As of 1 May 2013, there were a further 2,961 Historic Sites, 266 Places of Scenic Beauty, and 2,985 Natural Monuments designated at a prefectural level and 12,840 Historic Sites, 845 Places of Scenic Beauty, and 11,020 Natural Monuments designated at a municipal level.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/todoufuken.html |script-title=ja:都道府県別指定等文化財件数（都道府県分） |trans-title=Count of Prefectural Cultural Properties by Prefecture |language=ja |publisher=[[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053837/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/todoufuken.html |archive-date=21 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/sichouson.html |script-title=ja:都道府県別指定等文化財件数（市町村分） |trans-title=Count of Municipal Cultural Properties by Prefecture |language=ja |publisher=[[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514084211/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shiteibunkazai/sichouson.html |archive-date=14 May 2015 }}</ref> Alterations to the existing state of a site or activities affecting its preservation require permission from the Commissioner for Cultural Affairs. Financial support for purchasing and conserving designated land and for the utilization of the site is available through local governments.<ref name="chapter06"/> == Designation criteria== [[File:Ibis KIN.JPG|thumb|The ''[[Crested ibis|toki]]'' is a Special Natural Monument designated under [[Wiktionary:criterion|Criterion]] [[1.2]]: "Animals which are not peculiar to Japan, but need to be preserved as well-known characteristic Japanese animals, and their habitat"]] The [[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] designates monuments based on a number of [[Wiktionary:criterion|criteria]]. A monument can be designated based on multiple criteria.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/nc/k19510510001/k19510510001.html |script-title=ja:昭和二十六年文化財保護委員会告示第二号（国宝及び重要文化財指定基準並びに特別史跡名勝天然記念物及び史跡名勝天然記念物指定基準） |publisher=[[MEXT]] |location=Tokyo |language=ja |trans-title=Bulletin of the Association for the rehabilitation of cultural properties, number 2 from 1951 (Designation criteria for National Treasures, Important Cultural Properties, Special Historic Sites, Places of Scenic Beauty, Natural Monuments) |access-date=2010-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111110223/http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/nc/k19510510001/k19510510001.html |archive-date=2018-01-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Historic Sites and Special Historic Sites=== # Shell mounds, settlement ruins, [[kofun]], other historic ruins of this type # Ruins of fortified towns, castles, government administration offices, old battlefields and other historic ruins related to politics or government # Remains of shrines and temples, former compound grounds and other historic ruins related to religion # Schools, research institutions, cultural facilities and other historic ruins related to education, learning or culture #Medical care and welfare facilities, life related institution, other society and life related historic ruins #Transport and communication facilities, forest conservation and flood control facilities, manufacture facilities and other historic sites related to finance or manufacture activities # Graves and stone monuments with inscriptions # Former residences, gardens, ponds and other areas of particular historical significance # Ruins related to foreign countries or foreigners {{Historic Sites of Japan|state=expanded}} ===Places of Scenic Beauty and Special Places of Scenic Beauty=== #Parks and gardens #Bridges and embankments #Flowering trees, flowering grass, autumn colors, green trees and other places of dense growth #Places inhabited by birds and wild animals, fish/insects and others #Rocks, caves #Ravines, gorges, waterfalls, mountain streams, abysses #Lakes, marshes, wetlands, floating islands, springs #Sand dunes, [[Spit (landform)|spits]], seasides, islands #Volcanoes, ''[[onsen]]'' #Mountains, hills, plateaus, plains, rivers #Viewpoints {{Places of Scenic Beauty of Japan|state=expanded}} ===Natural Monuments and Special Natural Monuments=== # Animals ## Well-known animals peculiar to Japan and their habitat ## Animals which are not peculiar to Japan, but need to be preserved as well-known characteristic Japanese animals, and their habitat ## Animals or animal groups peculiar to Japan within their natural environment ## Domestic animals peculiar to Japan ## Well-known imported animals presently in a wild state, with the exception of domestic animals; their habitat ## Particularly valuable animal specimen # Plants, vegetation ## Old trees of historic interest, gigantic trees, old trees, deformed trees, cultivated pulpwood, roadside trees, shrine forests ## Representative primeval forests, rare forest flora ## Representative alpine plants, special clusters of plants on rock ground ## Representative clusters of waste land plants ## Representative examples of coastal and sand ground vegetation ## Representative examples of areas of peat forming plants ## Clusters of plants growing in caves or grottoes ## Rare water plants in garden ponds, [[onsen]], lakes, marshes, streams, sea, etc.; algae, moss, microbes, etc. ## Remarkable occurrence of [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] plants on rocks, trees or shrubs ## Remarkable plant growth on marginal land ## Remarkable growth in the wild of crop plants ## Wild habitat of rare or near extinct plants #　Geological and mineralogical features ## Rocks, mineral and fossil producing sites ## [[Lithostratigraphy#Stratigraphic_relationship|Conformable]] and unconformable [[stratum|strata]] ## Fold and thrust [[stratum|strata]] ## Geological features caused by the work of living creatures ## Phenomena related to earthquake dislocation and landmass motion ## Caves, grottoes ## Examples of rock organization ## ''[[Onsen]]'' and their sediments ## Erosion and weathering related phenomena ## [[Fumarole]]s and other items related to volcanic activity ## Ice and frost related phenomena ## Particularly precious rock, mineral and fossil specimen # Representative territories rich in natural monuments to be protected (Natural Protected Areas) ==Registered Monuments== {{See also|Registered Monuments of Japan}} A separate system of "registration" (as opposed to "designation" hereabove) has been established for modern edifices threatened by urban sprawl or other factors. Monuments from the [[Meiji period]] onward which require preservation can be registered as {{nihongo|Registered Monuments|登録記念物}}.<ref name="chapter06"/> Members of this class of Cultural Property receive more limited assistance and protection based mostly on governmental notification and guidance. As of April 2012, 61 monuments were registered under this system.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/shoukai/pdf/touroku_201204_05.pdf |script-title=ja:登録文化財 |trans-title=Registered Cultural Properties |language=ja |publisher=[[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=20 April 2012 }}</ref> ==Some monuments of Japan== <gallery perrow=4 widths=160px heights=120px> File:IMG 2602.jpg|[[Kenroku-en]], [[Kanazawa, Ishikawa]] is a Special Place of Scenic Beauty File:Saihouji-kokedera01.jpg|[[Saihō-ji]]'s moss garden is both a Special Place of Scenic Beauty　and a Historic Site File:Marimo lake akann.jpg|[[Lake Akan]]'s seaweed cones (''[[marimo]]'') are a Special Natural Monument. File:SannaiCommun.jpg|The [[Sannai-Maruyama Site]] is a Special Historic Site </gallery> ==See also== * [[List of Special Places of Scenic Beauty, Special Historic Sites and Special Natural Monuments]] * [[Cultural Properties of Japan]] * ''[[Meibutsu]]'': local specialities ==Notes== <references group="note"/> ==References== <references/> ==External links== {{Cultural Properties of Japan}}  [[Category:Cultural Properties of Japan|*]] [[Category:Historic Sites of Japan]] [[Category:Special Historic Sites|*Monuments]] [[Category:Natural monuments of Japan]] [[Category:Places of Scenic Beauty]] [[Category:Special Places of Scenic Beauty]] [[Category:Lists of monuments and memorials in Japan|*]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> 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