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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vitenskapelige_oppdagelser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vitenskapelige_oppdagelser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Vitenskapelige oppdagelser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vitenskapelige_oppdagelser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utvinning_og_bruk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utvinning_og_bruk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Utvinning og bruk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utvinning_og_bruk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faser_og_egenskaper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faser_og_egenskaper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Faser og egenskaper</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Faser_og_egenskaper-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Faser og egenskaper</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Faser_og_egenskaper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isotoper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotoper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Isotoper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotoper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bruk_og_misbruk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bruk_og_misbruk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bruk og misbruk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bruk_og_misbruk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fusjon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fusjon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fusjon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fusjon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Helium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 193 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-193" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">193 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="lovende artikkel"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel%C3%ADn" title="Helín – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Helín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%92%E1%88%8A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሒሊየም – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሒሊየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – enaresamisk" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हीलियम – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हीलियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيليوم – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيليوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – aromansk" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="হিলিয়াম – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হিলিয়াম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliu" title="Heliu – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Heliu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेलियम – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हेलियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataveve" title="Tataveve – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tataveve" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="هلیوم – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هلیوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – balinesisk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="হিলিয়াম – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিলিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Гелій – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гелій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Гель – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हीलियम – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हीलियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elyo" title="Elyo – sentralbikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Elyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="sentralbikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Хелий – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хелий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧེ་རླུང་། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧེ་རླུང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliom" title="Heliom – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Heliom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Гели – burjatisk" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гели" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – tsjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyo" title="Helyo – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Helyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliu" title="Eliu – korsikansk" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Eliu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliwm" title="Heliwm – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Heliwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيليوم – marokkansk-arabisk" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هيليوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokkansk-arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AD%C5%82ch%CA%BCi_%C3%A1sz%C3%B3l%C3%AD" title="Níłchʼi ászólí – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Níłchʼi ászólí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelium" title="Heelium – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Heelium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ήλιο – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ήλιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ali" title="Êli – emiliano-romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Êli" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="emiliano-romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – erzia" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliumo" title="Heliumo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Heliumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="هلیوم – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هلیوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli" title="Eli – friuliansk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Eli" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9iliam" title="Héiliam – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Héiliam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hailium" title="Hailium – mansk" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Hailium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="હીલિયમ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હીલિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoi" title="Hoi – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hoi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гелион – kalmukkisk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Гелион" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmukkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%AC%EB%A5%A8" title="헬륨 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헬륨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiliuma" title="Hiliuma – hawaiisk" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hiliuma" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Հելիում – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հելիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हिलियम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिलियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – høysorbisk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="høysorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IHwelanga" title="IHwelanga – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IHwelanga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="הליום – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הליום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A8liyum" title="Hèliyum – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hèliyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelim" title="Heelim – kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Heelim" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹೀಲಿಯಮ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹೀಲಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჰელიუმი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰელიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliom" title="Heliom – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Heliom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ely%C3%B2m" title="Elyòm – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Elyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hely%C3%BBm" title="Helyûm – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Helyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – vestmarisk" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="vestmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elie" title="Elie – ladinsk" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Elie" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%93lijs" title="Hēlijs – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hēlijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helis" title="Helis – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Helis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliy%C3%BAmu" title="Eliyúmu – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Eliyúmu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – livvisk" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="livvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/solnavni" title="solnavni – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="solnavni" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keriyaamu_(Herium)" title="Keriyaamu (Herium) – ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Keriyaamu (Herium)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio_(element_chimich)" title="Elio (element chimich) – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Elio (element chimich)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хелиум – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хелиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഹീലിയം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹീലിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elju" title="Elju – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Elju" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haum%C4%81m%C4%81" title="Haumāmā – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Haumāmā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेलियम – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हेलियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჰელიუმი – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰელიუმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيليوم – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيليوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯍꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A2i" title="Hâi – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Гели – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гели" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဟီလီယမ် – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟီလီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonatiuhyoh" title="Tonatiuhyoh – nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tonatiuhyoh" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हिलियम – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हिलियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हिलियम – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हिलियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="ヘリウム – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘリウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelium" title="Heelium – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Heelium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88li" title="Èli – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Èli" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heeliyeemii" title="Heeliyeemii – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Heeliyeemii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geliy" title="Geliy – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Geliy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਹੀਲੀਅਮ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੀਲੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेलियम – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="हेलियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="ہیلیئم – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہیلیئم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဟီလီယမ် – pa'o" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဟီလီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="pa'o" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هېليوم – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هېليوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iiliom" title="Iiliom – jamaicansk kreolengelsk" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Iiliom" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaicansk kreolengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – komipermjakisk" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komipermjakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98" title="អេល្យូម – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អេល្យូម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – nedertysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="nedertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(pierwiastek)" title="Hel (pierwiastek) – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hel (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Ήλιον – pontisk" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ήλιον" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pontisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lio" title="Hélio – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hélio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – kølnsk" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kølnsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliu" title="Heliu – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Heliu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilyu" title="Ilyu – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ilyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="हीलियम् – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हीलियम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88liu" title="Èliu – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Èliu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliumi" title="Heliumi – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Heliumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88liu" title="Èliu – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Èliu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="හීලියම් – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හීලියම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%85" title="هيليئم – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هيليئم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%97%D1%A5" title="Илїѥ – kirkeslavisk" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Илїѥ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kirkeslavisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiliyaam" title="Hiliyaam – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hiliyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ھیلیۆم – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیلیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хелијум – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хелијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="lovende artikkel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elyo" title="Elyo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%88%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஈலியம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஈலியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahilyum" title="Ahilyum – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ahilyum" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="హీలియం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హీలియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ฮีเลียม – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮีเลียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ҳелий – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳелий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%8C%E1%8E%A7%E1%8E%AF%E1%8E%A8_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%83%E1%8E%B4" title="ᎦᏌᎧᎯᎨ ᎤᏃᎴ – cherokesisk" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏌᎧᎯᎨ ᎤᏃᎴ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyum" title="Helyum – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Helyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – tuvinsk" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Гелій – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гелій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ہیلیم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیلیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%90%D9%84%D9%89%D9%8A" title="گېلىي – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گېلىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelii" title="Gelii – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gelii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helin" title="Helin – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Helin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliom" title="Eliom – vallonsk" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Eliom" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – klassisk kinesisk" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassisk kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – vestflamsk" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="vestflamsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyo" title="Helyo – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Helyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="העליום – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="העליום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%ADl%C3%AD%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%C3%B9" title="Hílíọ̀mù – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Hílíọ̀mù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyum" title="Helyum – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Helyum" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helis" title="Helis – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Helis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%80%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E" title="ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ – standard marrokansk tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standard marrokansk tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q560#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Helium" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Helium"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" 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th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><table class="infobox infoboks bred biografi"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Helium</th></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:He-TableImage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/He-TableImage.svg/300px-He-TableImage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/He-TableImage.svg/450px-He-TableImage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/He-TableImage.svg/600px-He-TableImage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="202" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center">Basisdata</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Navn</th><td colspan="2">Helium</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Symbol</th><td colspan="2">He</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Atomnummer" title="Atomnummer">Atomnummer</a></th><td colspan="2">2</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Utseende</th><td colspan="2">Fargeløs</td></tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center">Plass i <a href="/wiki/Periodesystemet" title="Periodesystemet">periodesystemet</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Periodesystemets_grupper" title="Periodesystemets grupper">Gruppe</a></th><td colspan="2">18</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Periodesystemets_perioder" title="Periodesystemets perioder">Periode</a></th><td colspan="2">1</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Blokk</th><td colspan="2">s</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kjemisk_serie" title="Kjemisk serie">Kjemisk serie</a></th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Edelgass" title="Edelgass">Edelgass</a></td></tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center">Atomegenskaper</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Atommasse" title="Atommasse">Atomvekt</a></th><td colspan="2">4,002602 <a href="/wiki/Atommasseenhet" title="Atommasseenhet">u</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Empirisk <a href="/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius">atomradius</a></th><td colspan="2">128 <a href="/wiki/Picometer" title="Picometer">pm</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Kalkulert <a href="/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius">atomradius</a></th><td colspan="2">31 pm</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Kovalent atomradius</th><td colspan="2">32 pm</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Elektronkonfigurasjon" title="Elektronkonfigurasjon">Elektronkonfigurasjon</a></th><td colspan="2">1s<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektroner</a> per energinivå</th><td colspan="2">2</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oksidasjonstilstand" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksidasjonstilstand">Oksidasjonstilstander</a></th><td colspan="2">0</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Krystallstruktur" title="Krystallstruktur">Krystallstruktur</a></th><td colspan="2">Tettpakket kubisk</td></tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center">Fysiske egenskaper</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Stofftilstand" class="mw-redirect" title="Stofftilstand">Stofftilstand</a></th><td colspan="2">Gass</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Smeltepunkt" title="Smeltepunkt">Smeltepunkt</a></th><td colspan="2">-272,2 °<a href="/wiki/Celsiusskalaen" class="mw-redirect" title="Celsiusskalaen">C</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kokepunkt" title="Kokepunkt">Kokepunkt</a></th><td colspan="2">-268,93 °C</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Molart_volum" title="Molart volum">Molart volum</a></th><td colspan="2">2,1·10<sup>-5</sup> <a href="/wiki/Kubikkmeter" title="Kubikkmeter">m³</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mol_(enhet)" title="Mol (enhet)">mol</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tetthet" title="Tetthet">Tetthet</a></th><td colspan="2">0,1785 <a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kg</a>/m³</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hardhet_(materialvitenskap)" title="Hardhet (materialvitenskap)">Hardhet</a></th><td colspan="2">MV</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kritisk_temperatur" title="Kritisk temperatur">Kritisk temperatur</a></th><td colspan="2">-267,96 °C</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kritisk_trykk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kritisk trykk (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kritisk trykk</a></th><td colspan="2">MV</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kritisk_tetthet_(kjemi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kritisk tetthet (kjemi) (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kritisk tetthet</a></th><td colspan="2">MV</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fordampningsvarme" title="Fordampningsvarme">Fordampningsvarme</a></th><td colspan="2">0,0845 kJ/mol</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Smeltevarme" title="Smeltevarme">Smeltevarme</a></th><td colspan="2">5,23 kJ/mol</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Damptrykk" title="Damptrykk">Damptrykk</a></th><td colspan="2">MV</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lydfart" class="mw-redirect" title="Lydfart">Lydfart</a></th><td colspan="2">970 <a href="/wiki/Meter_per_sekund" title="Meter per sekund">m/s</a> ved 293,15 K</td></tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center">Diverse</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Spesifikk_varmekapasitet" title="Spesifikk varmekapasitet">Spesifikk varmekapasitet</a></th><td colspan="2">5 193 <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">J</a>/(kg·K)</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_ledningsevne" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektrisk ledningsevne">Elektrisk ledningsevne</a></th><td colspan="2">0 <a href="/wiki/Siemens_(enhet)" title="Siemens (enhet)">S</a>/m</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Termisk_konduktivitet" title="Termisk konduktivitet">Termisk konduktivitet</a></th><td colspan="2">0,152 <a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">W</a>/(m·K)</td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><small><a href="/wiki/SI-systemet" title="SI-systemet">SI</a>-enheter & <a href="/wiki/Standard_trykk_og_temperatur" title="Standard trykk og temperatur">STP</a> er brukt, hvis ikke annet er nevnt. MV = Manglende verdi.</small></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Helium</b> er et <a href="/wiki/Grunnstoff" title="Grunnstoff">grunnstoff</a> med <a href="/wiki/Kjemisk_symbol" class="mw-redirect" title="Kjemisk symbol">symbol</a> <b>He</b> og <a href="/wiki/Atomnummer" title="Atomnummer">atomnummer</a> 2. Det er en fargeløs, luktfri, smakløs, ikke-giftig gass og den første i <a href="/wiki/Edelgass" title="Edelgass">edelgass</a>-gruppen i <a href="/wiki/Periodesystemet" title="Periodesystemet">periodesystemet</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kokepunkt" title="Kokepunkt">Kokepunktet</a> for helium er blant de laveste av alle grunnstoffene. </p><p>Etter <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> er helium det letteste og mest forekommende grunnstoffet i <a href="/wiki/Det_observerbare_universet" title="Det observerbare universet">det observerbare universet</a>. Helium utgjør omtrent 24 % av den totale massen til alle grunnstoffene, tilsvarende tolv ganger massen til alle de tyngre grunnstoffene til sammen. Lignende forekomst av grunnstoffet finner man også i <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a> og i <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>. Dette kommer av den svært høye <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_bindingsenergi" title="Kjernefysisk bindingsenergi">kjernefysiske bindingsenergien</a> (per <a href="/wiki/Nukleon" title="Nukleon">nukleon</a>) til <a href="/wiki/Helium-4" title="Helium-4">helium-4</a> med hensyn til de neste tre grunnstoffene etter helium. Bindingsenergien til helium-4 forklarer også hvorfor den er et produkt av både <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">kjernefysisk fusjon</a> og <a href="/wiki/Radioaktivitet" title="Radioaktivitet">radioaktivt henfall</a>. Det meste av heliumet i <a href="/wiki/Universet" title="Universet">universet</a> er helium-4, og det antas å ha blitt dannet under <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a>. Store mengder nytt helium blir dannet av kjernefysisk fusjon av hydrogen i <a href="/wiki/Stjerne" title="Stjerne">stjerner</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/250px--HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="250" height="188" data-durationhint="61" data-mwtitle="HeNe_Laser_Build.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fil:HeNe_Laser_Build.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHeNe_Laser_Build.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption>Heliumlaser</figcaption></figure> <p>Helium er oppkalt etter den <a href="/wiki/Greske_guder" title="Greske guder">greske guden</a> for solen, <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>. Den ble først oppdaget av den franske astronomen <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Janssen" title="Pierre Janssen">Jules Janssen</a> i 1868, da som en ukjent gul <a href="/wiki/Spektroskopi" title="Spektroskopi">spektrallinje</a>-signatur i sollyset under en <a href="/wiki/Solform%C3%B8rkelse" title="Solformørkelse">solformørkelse</a>. Janssen er sammen med <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lockyer" title="Norman Lockyer">Norman Lockyer</a> kreditert med oppdagelsen av grunnstoffet. Lockyer var den første til å foreslå at linjen kom som følge av et nytt grunnstoff, som han navnga. Den formelle oppdagelsen av grunnstoffet ble gjort av to svenske kjemikere, <a href="/wiki/Per_Teodor_Cleve" title="Per Teodor Cleve">Per Teodor Cleve</a> og <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Langlet" title="Abraham Langlet">Nils Abraham Langlet</a>, i 1895. De fant at helium kom fra <a href="/wiki/Uranmalm" title="Uranmalm">uranmalmet</a> <a href="/wiki/Cleveitt" title="Cleveitt">Cleveitt</a>. I 1903 ble store reserver av helium funnet i <a href="/wiki/Naturgassfelt" title="Naturgassfelt">naturgassfelt</a> i deler av USA. </p><p>Flytende helium brukes innen <a href="/wiki/Lavtemperaturfysikk" title="Lavtemperaturfysikk">kuldeteknikk</a> (dets største enkeltbruk, bestående av omtrent én fjerdedel av produksjonen), spesielt innen kjøling av <a href="/wiki/Superledende_magnet" title="Superledende magnet">superledende magneter</a>, hvor den største kommersielle applikasjonen er <a href="/wiki/Magnetresonanstomografi" title="Magnetresonanstomografi">MRI</a>-scannere. Den andre industrielle bruken av helium – slik som trykk- og spylegass, beskyttelse ved <a href="/wiki/Buesveising" title="Buesveising">buesveising</a> og i prosesser som å dyrke krystaller for å lage <a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">slikonskiver</a> – utgjør halvparten av gassen som produseres. Et velkjent, men mindre utbredt bruksområde, er som løftegass i <a href="/wiki/Ballong" title="Ballong">ballonger</a> og <a href="/wiki/Luftskip" title="Luftskip">luftskip</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rose2008_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rose2008-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Som med enhver gass med tetthet ulik luftens, fører inhalerering av små mengder helium til midlertidig endring en klangen og kvaliteten til en persons <a href="/wiki/Stemme" title="Stemme">stemme</a>. Innen vitenskapelig forskning er oppførselen til de to væskefasene til helium-4 (helium I og helium II) viktig for forskere som studerer <a href="/wiki/Kvantemekanikk" title="Kvantemekanikk">kvantemekanikk</a> (spesielt egenskapene til <a href="/wiki/Superfluid" class="mw-redirect" title="Superfluid">superfluiditet</a>) og for de som ser på fenomener som <a href="/wiki/Superleder" title="Superleder">superleding</a> produsert i <a href="/wiki/Materie" title="Materie">materie</a> nær det absolutte nullpunkt. </p><p>På jorden er helium relativt sjelden – 5,2 <a href="/wiki/Parts_per_million" class="mw-redirect" title="Parts per million">ppm</a> etter volum i <a href="/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Jordens atmosfære">atmosfæren</a>. Det meste av det jordiske heliumet som finnes i dag dannes av naturlig <a href="/wiki/Radioaktivitet" title="Radioaktivitet">radioaktivt henfall</a> av tyngre radioaktive grunnstoff (<a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">thorium</a> og <a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">uran</a>, selv om det finnes andre eksempler) etter hvert som <a href="/wiki/Alfapartikkel" title="Alfapartikkel">alfapartiler</a> utstrålt fra slike henfall består av helium-4-<a href="/wiki/Atomkjerne" title="Atomkjerne">kjerner</a>. Dette radiogene heliumet fanges i <a href="/wiki/Naturgass" title="Naturgass">naturgass</a> i konsentrasjoner opp til 7 % per volum, og vinnes ut derfra til kommersiell bruk via en lavtemperaturprosess kalt <a href="/wiki/Fraksjonert_destillasjon" title="Fraksjonert destillasjon">fraksjonert destillasjon</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vitenskapelige_oppdagelser">Vitenskapelige oppdagelser</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Vitenskapelige oppdagelser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Vitenskapelige oppdagelser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De første bevisene for helium ble observert 18. august 1868, da som en lys gul linje med en <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B8lgelengde" title="Bølgelengde">bølgelengde</a> på 587,49 <a href="/wiki/Nanometer" title="Nanometer">Nm</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kromosf%C3%A6ren" title="Kromosfæren">kromosfærens</a> <a href="/wiki/Emisjonsspekter" title="Emisjonsspekter">spekter</a>. Linjen ble oppdaget av den franske astronomen <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Janssen" title="Pierre Janssen">Jules Janssen</a> under en total <a href="/wiki/Solform%C3%B8rkelse" title="Solformørkelse">solformørkelse</a> i <a href="/wiki/Guntur" title="Guntur">Guntur</a> i <a href="/wiki/Britisk_India" title="Britisk India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-frnch_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frnch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nbb_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbb-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opprinnelig var det antatt at det dreide seg om <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a>. 20. oktober samme år observerte den engelske astronomen <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lockyer" title="Norman Lockyer">Norman Lockyer</a> en gul linje i solens spektrum. Denne ga han navnet <a href="/wiki/Fraunhoferlinjer" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraunhoferlinjer">Fraunhoferlinje</a> D<sub>3</sub> fordi den var nær de kjente D<sub>1</sub>- og D<sub>2</sub>-linjene til natrium.<sup id="cite_ref-enc_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Han konkluderte med at den kom av et grunnstoff på solen som var ukjent på jorden. Lockyer og den engelske kjemikeren <a href="/wiki/Edward_Frankland" title="Edward Frankland">Edward Frankland</a> oppkalte grunnstoffet etter det greske ordet for sol, ἥλιος (<i><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">helios</a></i>),<sup id="cite_ref-OEtymD_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEtymD-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Thomson1871_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson1871-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> som ifølge <a href="/wiki/Gresk_mytologi" title="Gresk mytologi">gresk mytologi</a> kjørte solvognen over himmelen.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Helium_spectrum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Helium_spectrum.jpg/250px-Helium_spectrum.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Helium_spectrum.jpg/375px-Helium_spectrum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Helium_spectrum.jpg/500px-Helium_spectrum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="151" /></a><figcaption>Spektrallinje av helium.</figcaption></figure> <p>Den italienske fysikeren <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Palmieri" title="Luigi Palmieri">Luigi Palmieri</a> oppdaget for første gang helium på jorden i 1882, gjennom D<sub>3</sub>-spektrallinjen da han studerte <a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">lavaen</a> fra <a href="/wiki/Vesuv" title="Vesuv">Vesuv</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stewart2008_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stewart2008-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:William_Ramsay_working.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/William_Ramsay_working.jpg/250px-William_Ramsay_working.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="383" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/William_Ramsay_working.jpg/375px-William_Ramsay_working.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/William_Ramsay_working.jpg/500px-William_Ramsay_working.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1226" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a>, oppdageren av helium på jorden</figcaption></figure> <p>Den 26. mars 1895 lyktes den skotske kjemikeren <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a> å utvinne helium på jorden ved å behandle mineralet <a href="/wiki/Cleveitt" title="Cleveitt">cleveitt</a> (en variant av <a href="/wiki/Bekblende" title="Bekblende">bekblende</a> som inneholder minst 10 % <a href="/wiki/Sjeldne_jordarter" title="Sjeldne jordarter">sjeldne jordarter</a>) med mineralsyre. Ramsey så etter <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">argon</a>, men etter å ha separert <a href="/wiki/Oksygen" title="Oksygen">oksygen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> fra gassen med <a href="/wiki/Svovelsyre" title="Svovelsyre">svovelsyre</a>, så han en klar gul spektrallinje som stemte med D<sub>3</sub>-linjen som var observert tidligere i <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solens</a> spekter.<sup id="cite_ref-enc_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ramsay1895_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsay1895-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ramsay1895_2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsay1895_2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ramsay1895_3_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramsay1895_3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denne gassprøven ble indentifisert som helium av Lockyer og den britiske fysikeren <a href="/wiki/William_Crookes" title="William Crookes">William Crookes</a>. </p><p>Uavhengig av hverandre samme år klarte kjemikerne <a href="/wiki/Per_Teodor_Cleve" title="Per Teodor Cleve">Per Teodor Cleve</a> og <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Langlet" title="Abraham Langlet">Abraham Langlet</a> å isolere gassen fra cleveitt i Uppsala i Sverige. Langlet samlet så mye gass at han kunne måle nøyaktig <a href="/wiki/Atommasse" title="Atommasse">atomvekten</a> til helium.<sup id="cite_ref-nbb_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbb-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Langlet1895_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Langlet1895-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Weaver1919_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weaver1919-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Helium ble også observert før Ramsey oppdaget helium av den amerikanske geokjemikeren <a href="/wiki/William_Francis_Hillebrand" title="William Francis Hillebrand">William Francis Hillebrand</a> da han analyserte prøver fra uraninitt. Han kunne se noen uvanlige spektrallinjer, men han konkluderte feil med at det var nitrogen han hadde sett. Hillebrand sende et gratulasjons-brev til Ramsey etter han hadde oppdaget hva gassen var.<sup id="cite_ref-Munday1999_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munday1999-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I årene 1899 og 1900 arbeidet fysikerne <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Villard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Villard (ikke skrevet ennå)">Paul Villard</a> med å separere ulike strålinger til tre forskjellige typer: alfa, beta og gamma. Rutherford hadde en hypotese der han tenkte at alfapartikkelen besto av 2 ladete heliumioner. I 1907 påviste <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> og Thomas Royds, at <a href="/wiki/Alfapartikkel" title="Alfapartikkel">alfapartikkel</a> er heliumkjerne, ved å stråle partiklene inn i en tynn-vegget, lufttom glassbeholder, for så å undersøke den fangete gassen ved å sende elektriske ladninger gjennom glassbeholderen og studere emisjonspekteret til den nylig fangete gassen. </p><p>Ved å kjøle ned helium til mindre enn 1 kelvin klarte den nederlandske fysikeren <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Heike Kamerlingh Onnes</a> i 1908 å få helium til flytende væske. Han prøvde videre å få helium i fast fase ved å fryse helium ytterligere ned, men klarte det ikke fordi helium ikke har <a href="/wiki/Trippelpunkt" title="Trippelpunkt">trippelpunkt</a>. En av studentene til Onnes, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willem_Hendrik_Keesom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willem Hendrik Keesom (ikke skrevet ennå)">Willem Hendrik Keesom</a> klarte i 1926 å få 1 cm<sup>3</sup> helium i fast form ved å påføre ekstra trykk. </p><p>Den russiske fysikeren <a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Leonidovitch_Kapitsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Pjotr Leonidovitch Kapitsa">Pjotr Leonidovitch Kapitsa</a> oppdaget at helium-4 har nesten ingen viskositet nær det absolutte nullpunktet, et fenomen vi i dag kaller <a href="/wiki/Superfluid" class="mw-redirect" title="Superfluid">superfluid</a>. Dette fenomenet er relatert til <a href="/wiki/Bose-Einstein-kondensasjon" title="Bose-Einstein-kondensasjon">Bose-Einstein-kondensasjon</a>. I 1972 ble det samme fenomenet observert med helium-3, men da med temperaturer mye nærmere det absolutte nullpunktet av de amerikanske fysikerne <a href="/wiki/Douglas_D._Osheroff" title="Douglas D. Osheroff">Douglas Dean Osheroff</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Morris_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="David Morris Lee">David Morris Lee</a> og <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">Robert Coleman Richardson</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utvinning_og_bruk">Utvinning og bruk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Utvinning og bruk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Utvinning og bruk"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Etter en oljeboring i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dexter,_Kansas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dexter, Kansas (ikke skrevet ennå)">Dexter, Kansas</a> i USA ble det utvunnet en gass som ikke kunne brenne. Kansas statsgeolog, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erasmus_Haworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erasmus Haworth (ikke skrevet ennå)">Erasmus Haworth</a>, tok ut en prøve av gassen fra feltet som han tok med seg til universitetet i Kansas ved Lawrence, der sammen med kjemikeren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamilton_Cady&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamilton Cady (ikke skrevet ennå)">Hamilton Cady</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_McFarland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David McFarland (ikke skrevet ennå)">David McFarland</a>, kunne de konstatere at gassen besto av 72 % nitrogen, 15 % metan, 1 % hydrogen og 12 % uidentifisert gass. Videre analyse av gassen viste at 1,84 % av gassprøven var helium. Dette viste at til tross for helium er sjelden på jorden så var det store mengder å finne av gassen i undergrunnen på <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> i USA. </p><p>Dette satte USA i stand til å bli verdensledende leverandør av helium. Tre heliumproduksjonsanlegg ble bygget av <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> under første verdenskrig etter forslag fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Threlfall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Threlfall (ikke skrevet ennå)">Richard Threlfall</a>, for å bruke en ikke brennbar gass til <a href="/wiki/Sperreballong" title="Sperreballong">sperreballonger</a>. Totalt ble det fremstilt 5 700 m² 92 % ren helium i disse produksjonsanleggene mot bare mindre enn 1 kubikkmeter før programmet startet. Noe av denne gassen ble brukt i verdens første heliumfylte luftskip, C-7, som fløy sin jomfrutur fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hampton_Roads&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hampton Roads (ikke skrevet ennå)">Hampton Roads</a> i <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolling_Field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolling Field (ikke skrevet ennå)">Bolling Field</a> i <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> den 1. desember 1921. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Faser_og_egenskaper">Faser og egenskaper</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Faser og egenskaper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Faser og egenskaper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg/250px-Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg/375px-Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg/500px-Electron_shell_002_Helium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption>Helium<a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomets</a> <a href="/wiki/Elektronskall" title="Elektronskall">elektronskall</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:HeTube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/250px-HeTube.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/375px-HeTube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/500px-HeTube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Neonlysrør fylt med helium.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ved romtemperatur er helium en <a href="/wiki/Gass" title="Gass">gass</a>. Kokepunkt er på ÷268,92 °C (4,22 <a href="/wiki/K" title="K">K</a>) og helium er eneste grunnstoff som forblir flytende ned mot 0 K, da smeltepunktet ligger på -272,2 °C (0,95 K). I <a href="/wiki/Det_observerbare_universet" title="Det observerbare universet">universet</a> er helium det nest mest vanlige grunnstoffet (etter hydrogen). Etter <a href="/wiki/Big_bang" class="mw-redirect" title="Big bang">big bang</a> var det dannet omtrent 24 vektprosent helium, 75 % hydrogen, og små mengder andre lette grunnstoffer. Det dannes stadig helium fra hydrogen i stjerner, og ved radioaktiv nedbrytning ved <a href="/wiki/Kjernereaksjoner" class="mw-redirect" title="Kjernereaksjoner">kjernereaksjoner</a>, men balansen har totalt ikke endret seg mye. </p><p>Helium er en lett <a href="/wiki/Edelgass" title="Edelgass">edelgass</a> med en rekke interessante egenskaper: </p> <ul><li>Det er det nest letteste grunnstoffet</li> <li>Helium er elektrisk isolerende, men ionisert Helium i <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(fysikk)" title="Plasma (fysikk)">plasma</a> har meget høy elektrisk ledningsevne</li> <li>Det er den mest inerte edelgassen og dermed det minst reaktive <a href="/wiki/Grunnstoff" title="Grunnstoff">grunnstoffet</a>, Helium er enatomisk (monoatmisk) under nesten alle forhold og danner bare ustabile forbindelser med noen andre atomer i glødende plasma (plasma som varmes av elektrisk strøm)</li> <li>Helium har høyere lydhastighet enn luft.</li> <li>Helium har lavere tetthet enn luft. Dette høres tydelig når f.eks helium brukes som blandegass i <a href="/wiki/Pustegass" title="Pustegass">pustegass</a> ved dypdykk som såkalt «donaldstemme».</li> <li>Helium har stor termiske ledningsevne og høy varmekapasitet, og den kan derfor brukes som kjølemiddel i luftkjølt utstyr med høy ytelse.</li> <li>Den har høyere diffusjonsrate gjennom fast stoff enn de fleste andre gasser, tre ganger luft, men 65 % av hydrogen.</li> <li>Den har lavest løselighet i vann av alle gasser</li> <li>Ulikt andre grunnstoffer forblir helium i væskeform ned til det absolutte nullpunkt. Det kreves et trykk på 2,5 MPa (ca. 25 bar) ved 1-1,5 K for å få Helium i fast form.</li></ul> <p>Under det såkalte lambdapunktet ved 2.1768 K er flytende helium i <i>helium I-tilstand</i> over til <i>helium II-tilstand</i>. I denne tilstanden er helium <a href="/wiki/Superfluid" class="mw-redirect" title="Superfluid">superflytende</a> og har flere merkelige egenskaper på grunn av kvantemekaniske forhold. Det har en termisk ledningsevne over alle andre stoff, f.eks flere hundre ganger kobber. Det kan derfor ikke koke, isteden fordamper He II-tilstand direkte til gass. Den har tilsynelatende null viskositet i tynne kapillærrør, og vil derfor kunne lekke gjennom selv meget små åpninger. Det dannes en overflatefilm på ca. 30 nm tykkelse som vil krype ut av for eksempel beholdere. Om man lot en skål flyte på helium II ville helium krype opp over kanten inn i skålen og raskt fylle den. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotoper">Isotoper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Isotoper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Isotoper"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Naturlig forekommende helium består av 2 stabile <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotoper</a>: <sup>3</sup><b>He</b> (0,000137 %) og <sup>4</sup><b>He</b> (99,999863 %). I tillegg er 6 ustabile (og dermed <a href="/wiki/Radioaktivitet" title="Radioaktivitet">radioaktive</a>) isotoper kjent. De mest stabile av disse er <sup>6</sup><b>He</b> med halveringstid 806,7 <a href="/wiki/Millisekund" title="Millisekund">ms</a> og <sup>8</sup><b>He</b> med halveringstid 119,0 ms. Alle de resterende isotopene har halveringstider kortere enn 1 <a href="/wiki/Nanosekund" title="Nanosekund">nanosekund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chemical_Abstracts_Service" title="Chemical Abstracts Service">CAS</a>-nummer: 7440-59-7 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg/250px-Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg/375px-Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg/500px-Radiosonde-start_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1803" data-file-height="2350" /></a><figcaption>Helium-fylt værballong</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bruk_og_misbruk">Bruk og misbruk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Bruk og misbruk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bruk og misbruk"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helium brukes i ballonger fordi det gir god oppdrift. <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">Hydrogen</a> er billigere og gir litt bedre oppdrift enn helium, men på grunn av eksplosjonsfaren er den langt farligere å bruke. Helium er en <a href="/wiki/Edelgass" title="Edelgass">edelgass</a> og er derfor ikke reaktiv. </p><p>Ved langvarige og/eller dype dykk brukes ofte en gassblanding med oksygen og helium som pustegass. Den lave tettheten gjør at et åndedrag med helium gir en fordreid stemme. Denne «Donald Duck-effekten» har ført til at enkelte bruker gassen til underholdning. </p><p>Å puste inn helium er meget risikabelt. Hvis du puster inn en gass som ikke inneholder oksygen, ventilerer du meget raskt ut det oksygenet som er i lunger og blodbane og oksygenmetningen i blodet faller umiddelbart. Resultatet kan etter svært kort tid bli <a href="/wiki/Besvimelse" title="Besvimelse">besvimelse</a> på grunn av oksygenmangel. Hjerterytmen kan også forstyrres og det er ikke alltid at åndedrettet starter igjen av seg selv i slike tilfeller. Hvis det ikke er noen i nærheten som forstår hva som er i ferd med å skje, og umiddelbart setter igang med livredning, kan denne «selskapsleken» fort bli fatal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fusjon">Fusjon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Fusjon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Fusjon"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Når to hydrogenatomer smeltes sammen ved <a href="/wiki/Kjernefysisk_fusjon" title="Kjernefysisk fusjon">kjernefysisk fusjon</a> dannes det et heliumatom. Det er dette som skjer på solen. Det er gjort mange forsøk på å lage en fusjonsreaktor på jorden basert på en variant av slik fusjon, men vi er fortsatt på det stadiet at målet er at de skal produsere mer energi enn de bruker. Problemet er at fusjonsprosesser krever ekstreme temperaturer og trykk (slik vi finner i solens kjerne) for å fungere. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rose2008-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rose2008_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Rose2008">Rose</a> (2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frnch-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-frnch_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Kochhar1991">Kocchar</a> (1991), s. 95–100</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nbb-3"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Emsley2001">Emsley</a> (2001), s. 175 179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-enc-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-enc_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-enc_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Hampel1968">Hampel</a> (1968), s. 256–268</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OEtymD-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OEtymD_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#HarperDouglas">Harper</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thomson1871-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thomson1871_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Thomson1871">Thomson</a> (1871), s. 261–278 [268]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-britannica_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stewart2008-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stewart2008_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Stewart2008">Stewart</a> (2008), s. 201</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramsay1895-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ramsay1895_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Ramsay1895">Ramsay</a> (1895), s. 65–67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramsay1895_2-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ramsay1895_2_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Ramsay1895_2">Ramsay</a> (1895), s. 80–89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramsay1895_3-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ramsay1895_3_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Ramsay1895_3">Ramsay</a> (1895), s. 325–330</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Langlet1895-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Langlet1895_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Langlet1895">Langlet</a> (1895), s. 289–292</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weaver1919-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weaver1919_13-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Weaver1919">Weaver</a> (1919)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Munday1999-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Munday1999_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Munday1999">Munday</a> (1999), s. 808–809; 227–228</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ie.lbl.gov/education/parent/He_iso.htm">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory – Isotoptabell for helium</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080518055249/http://ie.lbl.gov/education/parent/He_iso.htm">Arkivert</a> 18. mai 2008 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="Britannica" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9001713/helium">«helium (He)»</a> (på engelsk). Encyclopædia Britannica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.btitle=helium+%28He%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9001713%2Fhelium&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Emsley2001" class="citation book">Emsley, John (2001). <i>Nature's Building Blocks</i> (på engelsk). Oxford: Oxford University Press. s. 175–179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-19-850341-5" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-19-850341-5">0-19-850341-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.au=Emsley%2C+John&rft.btitle=Nature%27s+Building+Blocks&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-19-850341-5&rft.pages=175-179&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Hampel1968" class="citation book">Hampel, Clifford A. (1968). <i>The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements</i> (på engelsk). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. s. 256–268. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-442-15598-0" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-442-15598-0">0-442-15598-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.au=Hampel%2C+Clifford+A.&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+the+Chemical+Elements&rft.date=1968&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-442-15598-0&rft.pages=256-268&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Van+Nostrand+Reinhold&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="HarperDouglas" class="citation web">Harper, Douglas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=helium">«helium»</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i> (på engelsk).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=helium&rft.au=Harper%2C+Douglas&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dhelium&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Kochhar1991" class="citation journal">Kochhar, R. K. (1991). «French astronomers in India during the 17th – 19th centuries». <i>Journal of the British Astronomical Association</i> (på engelsk). 101 (2): 95–100. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991JBAA..101...95K">1991JBAA..101...95K</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=French+astronomers+in+India+during+the+17th+%E2%80%93+19th+centuries&rft.au=Kochhar%2C+R.+K.&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+British+Astronomical+Association&rft.pages=95-100&rft.volume=101&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1991JBAA..101...95K&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Langlet1895" class="citation journal">Langlet, N. A. (1895). «Das Atomgewicht des Heliums». <i>Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie</i> (på tysk). 10 (1): 289–292. <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0863-1778">0863-1778</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fzaac.18950100130">10.1002/zaac.18950100130</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=Das+Atomgewicht+des+Heliums&rft.au=Langlet%2C+N.+A.&rft.date=1895&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0863-1778&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+f%C3%BCr+anorganische+Chemie&rft.pages=289-292&rft.volume=10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fzaac.18950100130&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Munday1999" class="citation book">Munday, Pat (1999). Mark C. Carnes, red. <i>Biographical entry for W.F. Hillebrand (1853–1925), geochemist and U.S. Bureau of Standards administrator in American National Biography</i> (på engelsk). 10–11. Oxford University Press. s. 808–9; 227–8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft.aulast=Munday&rft.btitle=Biographical+entry+for+W.F.+Hillebrand+%281853%E2%80%931925%29%2C+geochemist+and+U.S.+Bureau+of+Standards+administrator+in+American+National+Biography&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=808-9%3B+227-8&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Mangler <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|etternavn1=</code> i Editors list (<a href="/wiki/Hjelp:CS1-feil#missing_name" title="Hjelp:CS1-feil">hjelp</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="Ramsay1895" class="citation journal"><a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">Ramsay, William</a> (1895). «On a Gas Showing the Spectrum of Helium, the Reputed Cause of D3, One of the Lines in the Coronal Spectrum. Preliminary Note». <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London</i> (på engelsk). 58 (347–352): 65–67. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frspl.1895.0006">10.1098/rspl.1895.0006</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=On+a+Gas+Showing+the+Spectrum+of+Helium%2C+the+Reputed+Cause+of+D3%2C+One+of+the+Lines+in+the+Coronal+Spectrum.+Preliminary+Note&rft.au=Ramsay%2C+William&rft.date=1895&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=347%E2%80%93352&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.pages=65-67&rft.volume=58&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspl.1895.0006&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Ramsay1895_2" class="citation journal">Ramsay, William (1895). «Helium, a Gaseous Constituent of Certain Minerals. Part I». <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London</i> (på engelsk). 58 (347–352): 80–89. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frspl.1895.0010">10.1098/rspl.1895.0010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=Helium%2C+a+Gaseous+Constituent+of+Certain+Minerals.+Part+I&rft.au=Ramsay%2C+William&rft.date=1895&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=347%E2%80%93352&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.pages=80-89&rft.volume=58&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspl.1895.0010&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Ramsay1895_3" class="citation journal">Ramsay, William (1895). «Helium, a Gaseous Constituent of Certain Minerals. Part II--». <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London</i> (på engelsk). 59 (1): 325–330. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frspl.1895.0097">10.1098/rspl.1895.0097</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=Helium%2C+a+Gaseous+Constituent+of+Certain+Minerals.+Part+II--&rft.au=Ramsay%2C+William&rft.date=1895&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.pages=325-330&rft.volume=59&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspl.1895.0097&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Rose2008" class="citation web">Rose, Melinda (oktober 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=35225">«Helium: Up, Up and Away?»</a> (på engelsk). Photonics Spectra<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 13. november 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.au=Rose%2C+Melinda&rft.btitle=Helium%3A+Up%2C+Up+and+Away%3F&rft.date=2008-10&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Photonics+Spectra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.photonics.com%2FArticle.aspx%3FAID%3D35225&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Stewart2008" class="citation book">Stewart, Alfred Walter (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=pIqhPFfDMXwC&pg=PA201"><i>Recent Advances in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry</i></a> (på engelsk). BiblioBazaar, LLC. s. 201. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0-554-80513-8" title="Spesial:Bokkilder/0-554-80513-8">0-554-80513-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.aufirst=Alfred+Walter&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.btitle=Recent+Advances+in+Physical+and+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-554-80513-8&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=BiblioBazaar%2C+LLC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DpIqhPFfDMXwC%26pg%3DPA201&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Thomson1871" class="citation journal">Thomson, William (3. august 1871). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IogCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA268">«Inaugural Address of Sir William Thomson»</a>. <i>Nature</i> (på engelsk). 4 (92): 261–278 [268]. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1871Natur...4..261.">1871Natur...4..261.</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_objektidentifikator" title="Digital objektidentifikator">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F004261a0">10.1038/004261a0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=Inaugural+Address+of+Sir+William+Thomson&rft.aufirst=William&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.date=1871-08-03&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=92&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=261-278+268&rft.volume=4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIogCAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA268&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1871Natur...4..261.&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F004261a0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="Weaver1919" class="citation book">Weaver, E.R. (1919). «Bibliography of Helium Literature». <i>Industrial & Engineering Chemistry</i> (på engelsk).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AHelium&rft.atitle=Bibliography+of+Helium+Literature&rft.au=Weaver%2C+E.R.&rft.btitle=Industrial+%26+Engineering+Chemistry&rft.date=1919&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helium&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span 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#ffffff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; width:100%" rules="all" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">H</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" colspan="30">  </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Bor_(grunnstoff)" title="Bor (grunnstoff)">B</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">C</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Oksygen" title="Oksygen">O</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor">F</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Silisium" title="Silisium">Si</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">P</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Svovel" title="Svovel">S</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Klor" title="Klor">Cl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">Sc</a> </td> <td colspan="14">  </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Titan_(grunnstoff)" title="Titan (grunnstoff)">Ti</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Krom" title="Krom">Cr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Jern" title="Jern">Fe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kobolt" title="Kobolt">Co</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">Ni</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kobber" title="Kobber">Cu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Sink" title="Sink">Zn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Selen" title="Selen">Se</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">Br</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Sr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Y</a> </td> <td colspan="14">  </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Zirkonium" title="Zirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Niob" title="Niob">Nb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Molybden" title="Molybden">Mo</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" title="Technetium">Tc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium">Ru</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">Rh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8lv" title="Sølv">Ag</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tinn_(grunnstoff)" title="Tinn (grunnstoff)">Sn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Tellur" title="Tellur">Te</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Jod" title="Jod">I</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Cesium" title="Cesium">Cs</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lantan" title="Lantan">La</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" title="Cerium">Ce</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Praseodym" title="Praseodym">Pr</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Neodym" title="Neodym">Nd</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" title="Promethium">Pm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium">Tm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" title="Lutetium">Lu</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal">Ta</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">Re</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">Pt</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">Au</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kvikks%C3%B8lv" title="Kvikksølv">Hg</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Bly" title="Bly">Pb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut">Bi</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Astat" title="Astat">At</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium">Fr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium">Ac</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">Th</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium">Pa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">U</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium">Am</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Cm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Californium" title="Californium">Cf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ef99cc"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium">Lr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8ntgenium" title="Røntgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Cn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium">Mc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Tenness" title="Tenness">Ts</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <table border="1" align="center" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; width:100%" rules="all" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Alkalimetall" title="Alkalimetall">Alkalimetaller</a> </td> <td 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