The Sequential model | TensorFlow Core

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta name="google-signin-client-id" content="157101835696-ooapojlodmuabs2do2vuhhnf90bccmoi.apps.googleusercontent.com"> <meta name="google-signin-scope" content="profile email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/developerprofiles https://www.googleapis.com/auth/developerprofiles.award"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="TensorFlow"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ff6f00"><meta charset="utf-8"> <meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="manifest" href="/_pwa/tensorflow/manifest.json" crossorigin="use-credentials"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//apis.google.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.google-analytics.com" crossorigin><link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500|Roboto:400,400italic,500,500italic,700,700italic|Roboto+Mono:400,500,700&display=swap"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Icons&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined&display=block"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/css/app.css"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/favicon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model"><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="TensorFlow" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/s/opensearch.xml"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ar" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=ar" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="bn" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=bn" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fa" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=fa" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=fr" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="he" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=he" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="hi" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=hi" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="id" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=id" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=it" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=ja" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ko" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=ko" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=pl" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt-BR" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=pt-br" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=ru" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="es-419" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=es-419" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="th" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=th" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="tr" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=tr" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="vi" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model?hl=vi" /><title>The Sequential model  |  TensorFlow Core</title> <meta property="og:title" content="The Sequential model  |  TensorFlow Core"><meta name="description" content="Complete guide to the Sequential model."> <meta property="og:description" content="Complete guide to the Sequential model."><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model"><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.tensorflow.org/static/images/tf_logo_social.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="675"><meta property="og:locale" content="en"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "headline": "The Sequential model" } </script><script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "TensorFlow Core", "item": "https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" },{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "The Sequential model", "item": "https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model" }] } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/extras.css"></head> <body class="" template="page" theme="tensorflow-theme" type="article" layout="docs" display-toc pending> <devsite-progress type="indeterminate" id="app-progress"></devsite-progress> <section class="devsite-wrapper"> <devsite-cookie-notification-bar></devsite-cookie-notification-bar><devsite-header role="banner"> <div class="devsite-header--inner nocontent"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-wrapper-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row"> <button type="button" id="devsite-hamburger-menu" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Navigation menu button" visually-hidden aria-label="Open menu"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="tensorFlow" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="TensorFlow"> </picture> </a> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-middle"> <div class="devsite-header-upper-tabs"> <devsite-tabs class="upper-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Upper tabs"> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/install" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/install" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - install" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Install" track-name="install" > Install </a> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown devsite-active "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Learn, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" > Learn </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Learn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column tfo-menu-column-learn"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Introduction </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> New to TensorFlow? </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Tutorials </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Learn how to use TensorFlow with end-to-end examples </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Guide </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Learn framework concepts and components </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/learn-ml" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/learn-ml" track-metadata-position="nav - learn" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Learn ML </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Educational resources to master your path with TensorFlow </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/api" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/api" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" > API </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for API" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/api" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/api/stable" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/api/stable" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow (v2.16.1) </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/versions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/versions" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Versions… </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://js.tensorflow.org/api/latest/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://js.tensorflow.org/api/latest/" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow.js </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite/api_docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite/api_docs" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow Lite </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/api_docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/api_docs" track-metadata-position="nav - api" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TFX </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Ecosystem" track-name="ecosystem" > Ecosystem </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Ecosystem" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Ecosystem" track-name="ecosystem" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>LIBRARIES</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/js" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/js" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow.js </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Develop web ML applications in JavaScript </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/lite" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TensorFlow Lite </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Deploy ML on mobile, microcontrollers and other edge devices </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> TFX </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build production ML pipelines </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/libraries-extensions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/libraries-extensions" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> All libraries </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Create advanced models and extend TensorFlow </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>RESOURCES</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/models-datasets" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Models & datasets </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Pre-trained models and datasets built by Google and the community </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/tools" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/tools" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Tools </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Tools to support and accelerate TensorFlow workflows </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/responsible_ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/responsible_ai" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Responsible AI </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Resources for every stage of the ML workflow </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/recommendation-systems" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/resources/recommendation-systems" track-metadata-position="nav - ecosystem" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="resources" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Recommendation systems </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build recommendation systems with open source tools </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/community" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" > Community </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Community" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/groups" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/groups" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Groups </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> User groups, interest groups and mailing lists </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/contribute" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/community/contribute" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Contribute </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Guide for contributing to code and documentation </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://blog.tensorflow.org/" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Blog </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Stay up to date with all things TensorFlow </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://discuss.tensorflow.org" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://discuss.tensorflow.org" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Forum </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Discussion platform for the TensorFlow community </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" > Why TensorFlow </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Why TensorFlow" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> About </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/about/case-studies" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/about/case-studies" track-metadata-position="nav - why tensorflow" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Case studies </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> <devsite-search enable-signin enable-search enable-suggestions enable-query-completion project-name="TensorFlow Core" tenant-name="TensorFlow" > <form class="devsite-search-form" action="https://www.tensorflow.org/s/results" method="GET"> <div class="devsite-search-container"> <button type="button" search-open class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Open search"></button> <div class="devsite-searchbox"> <input aria-activedescendant="" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-label="Search" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="listbox" autocomplete="off" class="devsite-search-field devsite-search-query" name="q" placeholder="Search" role="combobox" type="text" value="" > <div class="devsite-search-image material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon-container" aria-hidden="true"> <kbd class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon">/</kbd> </div> </div> </div> </form> <button type="button" search-close class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Close search"></button> </devsite-search> </div> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="it" >Italiano</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pl" >Polski</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="vi" >Tiếng Việt</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="tr" >Türkçe</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="he" >עברית</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ar" >العربيّة</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fa" >فارسی</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="hi" >हिंदी</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="bn" >বাংলা</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="th" >ภาษาไทย</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> <a class="devsite-header-link devsite-top-button button gc-analytics-event" href="//github.com/tensorflow" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site header link" > GitHub </a> <devsite-user enable-profiles id="devsite-user"> Sign in </devsite-user> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-collapsible-section "> <div class="devsite-header-background"> <div class="devsite-product-id-row" > <div class="devsite-product-description-row"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="TensorFlow Core" > TensorFlow Core </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-doc-set-nav-row"> <devsite-tabs class="lower-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Lower tabs"> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - tutorials" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Tutorials" track-name="tutorials" > Tutorials </a> </tab> <tab class="devsite-active"> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - guide" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Guide, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guide" track-name="guide" > Guide </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/migrate" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/migrate" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - migrate to tf2" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Migrate to TF2" track-name="migrate to tf2" > Migrate to TF2 </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://github.com/tensorflow/docs/tree/master/site/en/r1" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://github.com/tensorflow/docs/tree/master/site/en/r1" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - tf 1 ↗" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: TF 1 ↗" track-name="tf 1 ↗" > TF 1 ↗ </a> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> </div> </div> </div> </devsite-header> <devsite-book-nav scrollbars > <div class="devsite-book-nav-filter" > <input type="text" placeholder="Filter" aria-label="Type to filter" role="searchbox"> </div> <nav class="devsite-book-nav devsite-nav nocontent" aria-label="Side menu"> <div class="devsite-mobile-header"> <button type="button" id="devsite-close-nav" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Close navigation" aria-label="Close navigation"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="tensorFlow" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="TensorFlow"> </picture> </a> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-book-nav-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-top"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/install" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Install" track-name="install" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Install" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Install </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/learn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Learn </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tutorials" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Tutorials" track-name="tutorials" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tutorials" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Tutorials </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guide" track-name="guide" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Guide" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Guide </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/migrate" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Migrate to TF2" track-name="migrate to tf2" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate to TF2" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Migrate to TF2 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://github.com/tensorflow/docs/tree/master/site/en/r1" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: TF 1 ↗" track-name="tf 1 ↗" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TF 1 ↗" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TF 1 ↗ </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: API" track-name="api" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: API" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> API </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/models-datasets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Ecosystem" track-name="ecosystem" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Ecosystem" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Ecosystem </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Community" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Community </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/about" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-name="why tensorflow" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Why TensorFlow" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Why TensorFlow </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: GitHub" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> GitHub </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide" >TensorFlow guide</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> TensorFlow basics </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/basics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/basics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/basics" >Overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/tensor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/tensor" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/tensor" >Tensors</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/variable" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/variable" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/variable" >Variables</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/autodiff" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/autodiff" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/autodiff" >Automatic differentiation</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/intro_to_graphs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/intro_to_graphs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/intro_to_graphs" >Graphs and functions</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/intro_to_modules" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/intro_to_modules" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/intro_to_modules" >Modules, layers, and models</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/basic_training_loops" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/basic_training_loops" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/basic_training_loops" >Training loops</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Keras </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras" >Overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/sequential_model" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/sequential_model" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/sequential_model" >The Sequential model</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/functional_api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/functional_api" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/functional_api" >The Functional API</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/training_with_built_in_methods" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/training_with_built_in_methods" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/training_with_built_in_methods" >Training & evaluation with the built-in methods</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/making_new_layers_and_models_via_subclassing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/making_new_layers_and_models_via_subclassing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/making_new_layers_and_models_via_subclassing" >Making new layers and models via subclassing</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/serialization_and_saving" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/serialization_and_saving" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/serialization_and_saving" >Serialization and saving</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/customizing_saving_and_serialization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/customizing_saving_and_serialization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/customizing_saving_and_serialization" >Customizing Saving</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/preprocessing_layers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/preprocessing_layers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/preprocessing_layers" >Working with preprocessing layers</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/customizing_what_happens_in_fit" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/customizing_what_happens_in_fit" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/customizing_what_happens_in_fit" >Customizing what happens in fit()</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/writing_a_training_loop_from_scratch" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/writing_a_training_loop_from_scratch" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/writing_a_training_loop_from_scratch" >Writing a training loop from scratch</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/working_with_rnns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/working_with_rnns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/working_with_rnns" >Working with RNNs</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/understanding_masking_and_padding" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/understanding_masking_and_padding" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/understanding_masking_and_padding" >Understanding masking & padding</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/writing_your_own_callbacks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/writing_your_own_callbacks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/writing_your_own_callbacks" >Writing your own callbacks</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/transfer_learning" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/transfer_learning" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/transfer_learning" >Transfer learning & fine-tuning</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/keras/distributed_training" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/keras/distributed_training" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/keras/distributed_training" >Multi-GPU and distributed training</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading devsite-nav-new"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Build with Core </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/core" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core" >Overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/core/quickstart_core" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core/quickstart_core" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core/quickstart_core" >Quickstart for Core</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/core/logistic_regression_core" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core/logistic_regression_core" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core/logistic_regression_core" >Logistic regression</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/core/mlp_core" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core/mlp_core" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core/mlp_core" >Multilayer perceptrons</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/core/matrix_core" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core/matrix_core" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core/matrix_core" >Matrix approximation</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/core/optimizers_core" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core/optimizers_core" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core/optimizers_core" >Custom optimizers</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-experimental"><a href="/guide/core/distribution" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/core/distribution" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/core/distribution" >DTensor with Core APIs</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> TensorFlow in depth </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/tensor_slicing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/tensor_slicing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/tensor_slicing" >Tensor slicing</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/advanced_autodiff" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/advanced_autodiff" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/advanced_autodiff" >Advanced autodiff</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/ragged_tensor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/ragged_tensor" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/ragged_tensor" >Ragged tensor</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/sparse_tensor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/sparse_tensor" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/sparse_tensor" >Sparse tensor</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/random_numbers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/random_numbers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/random_numbers" >Random number generation</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-experimental"><a href="/guide/tf_numpy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/tf_numpy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/tf_numpy" >NumPy API</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-nightly"><a href="/guide/tf_numpy_type_promotion" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/tf_numpy_type_promotion" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/tf_numpy_type_promotion" >NumPy API Type Promotion</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-experimental"><a href="/guide/dtensor_overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/dtensor_overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/dtensor_overview" >DTensor concepts</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/effective_tf2" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/effective_tf2" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/effective_tf2" >Thinking in TensorFlow 2</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Customization </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/create_op" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/create_op" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/create_op" >Create an op</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-experimental"><a href="/guide/extension_type" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/extension_type" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/extension_type" >Extension types</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Data input pipelines </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/data" >tf.data</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/data_performance" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/data_performance" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/data_performance" >Optimize pipeline performance</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/data_performance_analysis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/data_performance_analysis" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/data_performance_analysis" >Analyze pipeline performance</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Import and export </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/checkpoint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/checkpoint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/checkpoint" >Checkpoint</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/saved_model" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/saved_model" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/saved_model" >SavedModel</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-new"><a href="/guide/jax2tf" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/jax2tf" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/jax2tf" >Import a JAX model using JAX2TF</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Accelerators </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/distributed_training" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/distributed_training" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/distributed_training" >Distributed training</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/gpu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/gpu" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/gpu" >GPU</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/tpu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/tpu" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/tpu" >TPU</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Performance </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/function" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/function" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/function" >Better performance with tf.function</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/profiler" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/profiler" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/profiler" >Profile TensorFlow performance</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/gpu_performance_analysis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/gpu_performance_analysis" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/gpu_performance_analysis" >Optimize GPU Performance</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/graph_optimization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/graph_optimization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/graph_optimization" >Graph optimization</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/mixed_precision" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/mixed_precision" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/mixed_precision" >Mixed precision</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading devsite-nav-new"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Model Garden </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/tfmodels" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels" >Overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/tfmodels/orbit" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels/orbit" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels/orbit" >Training with Orbit</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-external"><a href="/tfmodels/nlp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels/nlp" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels/nlp" >TFModels - NLP</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/tfmodels/vision/image_classification" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels/vision/image_classification" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels/vision/image_classification" >Example: Image classification</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/tfmodels/vision/object_detection" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels/vision/object_detection" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels/vision/object_detection" >Example: Object Detection</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/tfmodels/vision/semantic_segmentation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels/vision/semantic_segmentation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels/vision/semantic_segmentation" >Example: Semantic Segmentation</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/tfmodels/vision/instance_segmentation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /tfmodels/vision/instance_segmentation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/tfmodels/vision/instance_segmentation" >Example: Instance Segmentation</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading devsite-nav-deprecated"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Estimators </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/estimator" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/estimator" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/estimator" >Estimator overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Appendix </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/guide/versions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /guide/versions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/guide/versions" >Version compatibility</a></li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Learn" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/learn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Introduction" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Introduction </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tutorials" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tutorials" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Tutorials </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Guide" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Guide </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/learn-ml" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn ML" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Learn ML </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="API" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/api/stable" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow (v2.16.1)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TensorFlow (v2.16.1) </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/versions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Versions…" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Versions… </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://js.tensorflow.org/api/latest/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow.js" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TensorFlow.js </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/lite/api_docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow Lite" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TensorFlow Lite </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tfx/api_docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TFX" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TFX </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Ecosystem" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> LIBRARIES </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/js" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow.js" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TensorFlow.js </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/lite" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TensorFlow Lite" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TensorFlow Lite </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tfx" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: TFX" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> TFX </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/libraries-extensions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: All libraries" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> All libraries </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> RESOURCES </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/models-datasets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Models & datasets" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Models & datasets </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/tools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Tools </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/responsible_ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Responsible AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Responsible AI </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/resources/recommendation-systems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Recommendation systems" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Recommendation systems </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Community" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community/groups" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Groups" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Groups </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community/contribute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Contribute" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Contribute </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://blog.tensorflow.org/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Blog" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Blog </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://discuss.tensorflow.org" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Forum" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Forum </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Why TensorFlow" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/about" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: About" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> About </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/about/case-studies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Case studies" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Case studies </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </devsite-book-nav> <section id="gc-wrapper"> <main role="main" class="devsite-main-content" has-book-nav has-sidebar > <div class="devsite-sidebar"> <div class="devsite-sidebar-content"> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" role="navigation" aria-label="On this page" depth="2" scrollbars ></devsite-toc> <devsite-recommendations-sidebar class="nocontent devsite-nav"> </devsite-recommendations-sidebar> </div> </div> <devsite-content> <article class="devsite-article"><style> /* Styles inlined from /site-assets/css/style.css */ /* override theme */ table img { max-width: 100%; } /* .devsite-terminal virtualenv prompt */ .tfo-terminal-venv::before { content: "(venv) $ " !important; } /* .devsite-terminal root prompt */ .tfo-terminal-root::before { content: "# " !important; } /* Used in links for type annotations in function/method signatures */ .tfo-signature-link a, .tfo-signature-link a:visited, .tfo-signature-link a:hover, .tfo-signature-link a:focus, .tfo-signature-link a:hover *, .tfo-signature-link a:focus * { text-decoration: none !important; } .tfo-signature-link a, .tfo-signature-link a:visited { border-bottom: 1px dotted #1a73e8; } .tfo-signature-link a:focus { border-bottom-style: solid; } /* .devsite-terminal Windows prompt */ .tfo-terminal-windows::before { content: "C:\\> " !important; } /* .devsite-terminal Windows prompt w/ virtualenv */ .tfo-terminal-windows-venv::before { content: "(venv) C:\\> " !important; } .tfo-diff-green-one-level + * { background: rgba(175, 245, 162, .6) !important; } .tfo-diff-green + * > * { background: rgba(175, 245, 162, .6) !important; } .tfo-diff-green-list + ul > li:first-of-type { background: rgba(175, 245, 162, .6) !important; } .tfo-diff-red-one-level + * { background: rgba(255, 230, 230, .6) !important; text-decoration: line-through !important; } .tfo-diff-red + * > * { background: rgba(255, 230, 230, .6) !important; text-decoration: line-through !important; } .tfo-diff-red-list + ul > li:first-of-type { background: rgba(255, 230, 230, .6) !important; text-decoration: line-through !important; } devsite-code .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output { max-height: 300px; overflow: auto; background: rgba(255, 247, 237, 1); /* orange bg to distinguish from input code cells */ } devsite-code .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output + .devsite-code-buttons-container button { background: rgba(255, 247, 237, .7); /* orange bg to distinguish from input code cells */ } devsite-code[dark-code] .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output { background: rgba(64, 78, 103, 1); /* medium slate */ } devsite-code[dark-code] .tfo-notebook-code-cell-output + .devsite-code-buttons-container button { background: rgba(64, 78, 103, .7); /* medium slate */ } /* override default table styles for notebook buttons */ .devsite-table-wrapper .tfo-notebook-buttons { display: inline-block; margin-left: 3px; width: auto; } .tfo-notebook-buttons td { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 20px; } .tfo-notebook-buttons a, .tfo-notebook-buttons :link, .tfo-notebook-buttons :visited { border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60, 64, 67, .3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, .15); color: #202124; padding: 12px 17px; transition: box-shadow 0.2s; } .tfo-notebook-buttons a:hover, .tfo-notebook-buttons a:focus { box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(60, 64, 67, .3), 0 2px 6px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, .15); } .tfo-notebook-buttons tr { background: 0; border: 0; } /* on rendered notebook page, remove link to webpage since we're already here */ .tfo-notebook-buttons:not(.tfo-api) td:first-child { display: none; } .tfo-notebook-buttons td > a { -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; } .tfo-notebook-buttons td > a > img { margin-right: 8px; } /* landing pages */ .tfo-landing-row-item-inset-white { background-color: #fff; padding: 32px; } .tfo-landing-row-item-inset-white ol, .tfo-landing-row-item-inset-white ul { padding-left: 20px; } /* colab callout button */ .colab-callout-row devsite-code { border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0; box-shadow: none; } .colab-callout-footer { background: #e3e4e7; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; color: #37474f; padding: 20px; } .colab-callout-row devsite-code[dark-code] + .colab-callout-footer { background: #3f4f66; } .colab-callout-footer > .button { margin-top: 4px; color: #ff5c00; } .colab-callout-footer > a > span { vertical-align: middle; color: #37474f; padding-left: 10px; font-size: 14px; } .colab-callout-row devsite-code[dark-code] + .colab-callout-footer > a > span { color: #fff; } a.colab-button { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .75); border: solid 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, .08); border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .15); border-radius: 4px; color: #aaa; display: inline-block; font-size: 11px !important; font-weight: 300; line-height: 16px; padding: 4px 8px; text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase; } a.colab-button:hover { background: white; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); color: #666; } a.colab-button span { background: url(/images/colab_logo_button.svg) no-repeat 1px 1px / 20px; border-radius: 4px; display: inline-block; padding-left: 24px; text-decoration: none; } @media screen and (max-width: 600px) { .tfo-notebook-buttons td { display: block; } } /* guide and tutorials landing page cards and sections */ .tfo-landing-page-card { padding: 16px; box-shadow: 0 0 36px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); border-radius: 10px; } /* Page section headings */ .tfo-landing-page-heading h2, h2.tfo-landing-page-heading { font-family: "Google Sans", sans-serif; color: #425066; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 40px; } /* Item title headings */ .tfo-landing-page-heading h3, h3.tfo-landing-page-heading, .tfo-landing-page-card h3, h3.tfo-landing-page-card { font-family: "Google Sans", sans-serif; color: #425066; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 26px; } /* List of tutorials notebooks for subsites */ .tfo-landing-page-resources-ul { padding-left: 15px } .tfo-landing-page-resources-ul > li { margin: 6px 0; } /* Temporary fix to hide product description in header on landing pages */ devsite-header .devsite-product-description { display: none; } </style> <div class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="TensorFlow" > TensorFlow </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/learn" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="2" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="2" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Learn </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="3" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="3" track-metadata-eventdetail="TensorFlow Core" > TensorFlow Core </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="4" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="4" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Guide </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-thumb-rating position="header"> </devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> The Sequential model </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix ">  <div itemscope itemtype="http://developers.google.com/ReferenceObject"> <meta itemprop="name" content="The Sequential model" /> <meta itemprop="path" content="Guide & Tutorials" /> <meta itemprop="property" content="tf.ones"/> </div> Author: <a href="https://twitter.com/fchollet">fchollet</a> <table class="tfo-notebook-buttons" align="left"> <td> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/keras/sequential_model"><img src="https://www.tensorflow.org/images/tf_logo_32px.png">View on TensorFlow.org</a> </td> <td> <a target="_blank" href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/keras-team/keras-io/blob/master/guides/ipynb/sequential_model.ipynb"><img src="https://www.tensorflow.org/images/colab_logo_32px.png">Run in Google Colab</a> </td> <td> <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/keras-team/keras-io/blob/master/guides/sequential_model.py"><img src="https://www.tensorflow.org/images/GitHub-Mark-32px.png">View source on GitHub</a> </td> <td> <a href="https://keras.io/guides/sequential_model"><img src="https://www.tensorflow.org/images/keras32px.png">View on keras.io</a> </td> </table> <h2 id="setup" data-text="Setup" tabindex="-1">Setup</h2> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">import tensorflow as tf import keras from keras import layers </code></pre></devsite-code> <h2 id="when_to_use_a_sequential_model" data-text="When to use a Sequential model" tabindex="-1">When to use a Sequential model</h2> A <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Sequential</code> model is appropriate for a plain stack of layers where each layer has exactly one input tensor and one output tensor. Schematically, the following <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Sequential</code> model: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"># Define Sequential model with 3 layers model = keras.Sequential( [ layers.Dense(2, activation="relu", name="layer1"), layers.Dense(3, activation="relu", name="layer2"), layers.Dense(4, name="layer3"), ] ) # Call model on a test input x = tf.ones((3, 3)) y = model(x) </code></pre></devsite-code> is equivalent to this function: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"># Create 3 layers layer1 = layers.Dense(2, activation="relu", name="layer1") layer2 = layers.Dense(3, activation="relu", name="layer2") layer3 = layers.Dense(4, name="layer3") # Call layers on a test input x = tf.ones((3, 3)) y = layer3(layer2(layer1(x))) </code></pre></devsite-code> A Sequential model is not appropriate when: <ul> <li>Your model has multiple inputs or multiple outputs</li> <li>Any of your layers has multiple inputs or multiple outputs</li> <li>You need to do layer sharing</li> <li>You want non-linear topology (e.g. a residual connection, a multi-branch model)</li> </ul> <h2 id="creating_a_sequential_model" data-text="Creating a Sequential model" tabindex="-1">Creating a Sequential model</h2> You can create a Sequential model by passing a list of layers to the Sequential constructor: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential( [ layers.Dense(2, activation="relu"), layers.Dense(3, activation="relu"), layers.Dense(4), ] ) </code></pre></devsite-code> Its layers are accessible via the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">layers</code> attribute: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.layers </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> [<keras.src.layers.core.dense.Dense at 0x7fa3c8de0100>, <keras.src.layers.core.dense.Dense at 0x7fa3c8de09a0>, <keras.src.layers.core.dense.Dense at 0x7fa5181b5c10>] </pre></devsite-code> You can also create a Sequential model incrementally via the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">add()</code> method: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential() model.add(layers.Dense(2, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.Dense(3, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.Dense(4)) </code></pre></devsite-code> Note that there's also a corresponding <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pop()</code> method to remove layers: a Sequential model behaves very much like a list of layers. <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.pop() print(len(model.layers)) # 2 </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> 2 </pre></devsite-code> Also note that the Sequential constructor accepts a <code translate="no" dir="ltr">name</code> argument, just like any layer or model in Keras. This is useful to annotate TensorBoard graphs with semantically meaningful names. <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential(name="my_sequential") model.add(layers.Dense(2, activation="relu", name="layer1")) model.add(layers.Dense(3, activation="relu", name="layer2")) model.add(layers.Dense(4, name="layer3")) </code></pre></devsite-code> <h2 id="specifying_the_input_shape_in_advance" data-text="Specifying the input shape in advance" tabindex="-1">Specifying the input shape in advance</h2> Generally, all layers in Keras need to know the shape of their inputs in order to be able to create their weights. So when you create a layer like this, initially, it has no weights: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">layer = layers.Dense(3) layer.weights # Empty </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> [] </pre></devsite-code> It creates its weights the first time it is called on an input, since the shape of the weights depends on the shape of the inputs: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"># Call layer on a test input x = tf.ones((1, 4)) y = layer(x) layer.weights # Now it has weights, of shape (4, 3) and (3,) </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> [<tf.Variable 'dense_6/kernel&colon;0' shape=(4, 3) dtype=float32, numpy= array([[ 0.1752373 , 0.47623062, 0.24374962], [-0.0298934 , 0.50255656, 0.78478384], [-0.58323103, -0.56861055, -0.7190975 ], [-0.3191281 , -0.23635858, -0.8841506 ]], dtype=float32)>, <tf.Variable 'dense_6/bias&colon;0' shape=(3,) dtype=float32, numpy=array([0., 0., 0.], dtype=float32)>] </pre></devsite-code> Naturally, this also applies to Sequential models. When you instantiate a Sequential model without an input shape, it isn't "built": it has no weights (and calling <code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.weights</code> results in an error stating just this). The weights are created when the model first sees some input data: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential( [ layers.Dense(2, activation="relu"), layers.Dense(3, activation="relu"), layers.Dense(4), ] ) # No weights at this stage! # At this point, you can't do this: # model.weights # You also can't do this: # model.summary() # Call the model on a test input x = tf.ones((1, 4)) y = model(x) print("Number of weights after calling the model:", len(model.weights)) # 6 </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> Number of weights after calling the model&colon; 6 </pre></devsite-code> Once a model is "built", you can call its <code translate="no" dir="ltr">summary()</code> method to display its contents: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.summary() </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> Model&colon; "sequential_3" _________________________________________________________________ Layer (type) Output Shape Param # ================================================================= dense_7 (Dense) (1, 2) 10 dense_8 (Dense) (1, 3) 9 dense_9 (Dense) (1, 4) 16 ================================================================= Total params&colon; 35 (140.00 Byte) Trainable params&colon; 35 (140.00 Byte) Non-trainable params&colon; 0 (0.00 Byte) _________________________________________________________________ </pre></devsite-code> However, it can be very useful when building a Sequential model incrementally to be able to display the summary of the model so far, including the current output shape. In this case, you should start your model by passing an <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Input</code> object to your model, so that it knows its input shape from the start: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential() model.add(keras.Input(shape=(4,))) model.add(layers.Dense(2, activation="relu")) model.summary() </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> Model&colon; "sequential_4" _________________________________________________________________ Layer (type) Output Shape Param # ================================================================= dense_10 (Dense) (None, 2) 10 ================================================================= Total params&colon; 10 (40.00 Byte) Trainable params&colon; 10 (40.00 Byte) Non-trainable params&colon; 0 (0.00 Byte) _________________________________________________________________ </pre></devsite-code> Note that the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Input</code> object is not displayed as part of <code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.layers</code>, since it isn't a layer: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.layers </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> [<keras.src.layers.core.dense.Dense at 0x7fa3bc0ba820>] </pre></devsite-code> A simple alternative is to just pass an <code translate="no" dir="ltr">input_shape</code> argument to your first layer: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential() model.add(layers.Dense(2, activation="relu", input_shape=(4,))) model.summary() </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> Model&colon; "sequential_5" _________________________________________________________________ Layer (type) Output Shape Param # ================================================================= dense_11 (Dense) (None, 2) 10 ================================================================= Total params&colon; 10 (40.00 Byte) Trainable params&colon; 10 (40.00 Byte) Non-trainable params&colon; 0 (0.00 Byte) _________________________________________________________________ </pre></devsite-code> Models built with a predefined input shape like this always have weights (even before seeing any data) and always have a defined output shape. In general, it's a recommended best practice to always specify the input shape of a Sequential model in advance if you know what it is. <h2 id="a_common_debugging_workflow_add_summary" data-text="A common debugging workflow: add() + summary()" tabindex="-1">A common debugging workflow: <code translate="no" dir="ltr">add()</code> + <code translate="no" dir="ltr">summary()</code></h2> When building a new Sequential architecture, it's useful to incrementally stack layers with <code translate="no" dir="ltr">add()</code> and frequently print model summaries. For instance, this enables you to monitor how a stack of <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Conv2D</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">MaxPooling2D</code> layers is downsampling image feature maps: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential() model.add(keras.Input(shape=(250, 250, 3))) # 250x250 RGB images model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, 5, strides=2, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D(3)) # Can you guess what the current output shape is at this point? Probably not. # Let's just print it: model.summary() # The answer was: (40, 40, 32), so we can keep downsampling... model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D(3)) model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu")) model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D(2)) # And now? model.summary() # Now that we have 4x4 feature maps, time to apply global max pooling. model.add(layers.GlobalMaxPooling2D()) # Finally, we add a classification layer. model.add(layers.Dense(10)) </code></pre></devsite-code> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="tfo-notebook-code-cell-output" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded> Model&colon; "sequential_6" _________________________________________________________________ Layer (type) Output Shape Param # ================================================================= conv2d (Conv2D) (None, 123, 123, 32) 2432 conv2d_1 (Conv2D) (None, 121, 121, 32) 9248 max_pooling2d (MaxPooling2 (None, 40, 40, 32) 0 D) ================================================================= Total params&colon; 11680 (45.62 KB) Trainable params&colon; 11680 (45.62 KB) Non-trainable params&colon; 0 (0.00 Byte) _________________________________________________________________ Model&colon; "sequential_6" _________________________________________________________________ Layer (type) Output Shape Param # ================================================================= conv2d (Conv2D) (None, 123, 123, 32) 2432 conv2d_1 (Conv2D) (None, 121, 121, 32) 9248 max_pooling2d (MaxPooling2 (None, 40, 40, 32) 0 D) conv2d_2 (Conv2D) (None, 38, 38, 32) 9248 conv2d_3 (Conv2D) (None, 36, 36, 32) 9248 max_pooling2d_1 (MaxPoolin (None, 12, 12, 32) 0 g2D) conv2d_4 (Conv2D) (None, 10, 10, 32) 9248 conv2d_5 (Conv2D) (None, 8, 8, 32) 9248 max_pooling2d_2 (MaxPoolin (None, 4, 4, 32) 0 g2D) ================================================================= Total params&colon; 48672 (190.12 KB) Trainable params&colon; 48672 (190.12 KB) Non-trainable params&colon; 0 (0.00 Byte) _________________________________________________________________ </pre></devsite-code> Very practical, right? <h2 id="what_to_do_once_you_have_a_model" data-text="What to do once you have a model" tabindex="-1">What to do once you have a model</h2> Once your model architecture is ready, you will want to: <ul> <li>Train your model, evaluate it, and run inference. See our <a href="/guides/training_with_built_in_methods">guide to training & evaluation with the built-in loops</a></li> <li>Save your model to disk and restore it. See our <a href="/guide/keras/serialization_and_saving">guide to serialization & saving</a>.</li> <li>Speed up model training by leveraging multiple GPUs. See our <a href="/guide/keras/distributed_training">guide to multi-GPU and distributed training</a>.</li> </ul> <h2 id="feature_extraction_with_a_sequential_model" data-text="Feature extraction with a Sequential model" tabindex="-1">Feature extraction with a Sequential model</h2> Once a Sequential model has been built, it behaves like a <a href="/guide/keras/functional_api">Functional API model</a>. This means that every layer has an <code translate="no" dir="ltr">input</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">output</code> attribute. These attributes can be used to do neat things, like quickly creating a model that extracts the outputs of all intermediate layers in a Sequential model: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">initial_model = keras.Sequential( [ keras.Input(shape=(250, 250, 3)), layers.Conv2D(32, 5, strides=2, activation="relu"), layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu"), layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu"), ] ) feature_extractor = keras.Model( inputs=initial_model.inputs, outputs=[layer.output for layer in initial_model.layers], ) # Call feature extractor on test input. x = tf.ones((1, 250, 250, 3)) features = feature_extractor(x) </code></pre></devsite-code> Here's a similar example that only extract features from one layer: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">initial_model = keras.Sequential( [ keras.Input(shape=(250, 250, 3)), layers.Conv2D(32, 5, strides=2, activation="relu"), layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu", name="my_intermediate_layer"), layers.Conv2D(32, 3, activation="relu"), ] ) feature_extractor = keras.Model( inputs=initial_model.inputs, outputs=initial_model.get_layer(name="my_intermediate_layer").output, ) # Call feature extractor on test input. x = tf.ones((1, 250, 250, 3)) features = feature_extractor(x) </code></pre></devsite-code> <h2 id="transfer_learning_with_a_sequential_model" data-text="Transfer learning with a Sequential model" tabindex="-1">Transfer learning with a Sequential model</h2> Transfer learning consists of freezing the bottom layers in a model and only training the top layers. If you aren't familiar with it, make sure to read our <a href="/guide/keras/transfer_learning">guide to transfer learning</a>. Here are two common transfer learning blueprint involving Sequential models. First, let's say that you have a Sequential model, and you want to freeze all layers except the last one. In this case, you would simply iterate over <code translate="no" dir="ltr">model.layers</code> and set <code translate="no" dir="ltr">layer.trainable = False</code> on each layer, except the last one. Like this: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">model = keras.Sequential([ keras.Input(shape=(784)), layers.Dense(32, activation='relu'), layers.Dense(32, activation='relu'), layers.Dense(32, activation='relu'), layers.Dense(10), ]) # Presumably you would want to first load pre-trained weights. model.load_weights(...) # Freeze all layers except the last one. for layer in model.layers[:-1]: layer.trainable = False # Recompile and train (this will only update the weights of the last layer). model.compile(...) model.fit(...) </code></pre></devsite-code> Another common blueprint is to use a Sequential model to stack a pre-trained model and some freshly initialized classification layers. Like this: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"># Load a convolutional base with pre-trained weights base_model = keras.applications.Xception( weights='imagenet', include_top=False, pooling='avg') # Freeze the base model base_model.trainable = False # Use a Sequential model to add a trainable classifier on top model = keras.Sequential([ base_model, layers.Dense(1000), ]) # Compile & train model.compile(...) model.fit(...) </code></pre></devsite-code> If you do transfer learning, you will probably find yourself frequently using these two patterns. That's about all you need to know about Sequential models! To find out more about building models in Keras, see: <ul> <li><a href="/guide/keras/functional_api">Guide to the Functional API</a></li> <li><a href="/guides/making_new_layers_and_models_via_subclassing">Guide to making new Layers & Models via subclassing</a></li> </ul> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. For details, see the <a href="https://developers.google.com/site-policies">Google Developers Site Policies</a>. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Last updated 2023-07-24 UTC. </devsite-content-footer> <devsite-notification > </devsite-notification> <div class="devsite-content-data"> <template class="devsite-content-data-template"> [[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2023-07-24 UTC."],[],[]] </template> </div> </devsite-content> </main> <devsite-footer-promos class="devsite-footer"> </devsite-footer-promos> <devsite-footer-linkboxes class="devsite-footer"> <nav class="devsite-footer-linkboxes nocontent" aria-label="Footer links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkboxes-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Stay connected</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//blog.tensorflow.org" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Blog </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//discuss.tensorflow.org" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Forum </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow/" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > GitHub </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//twitter.com/tensorflow" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Twitter </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//youtube.com/tensorflow" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > YouTube </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Support</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/issues" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Issue tracker </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/RELEASE.md" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Release notes </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/tensorflow" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > Stack Overflow </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/extras/tensorflow_brand_guidelines.pdf" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Brand guidelines </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/bib" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > Cite TensorFlow </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </devsite-footer-linkboxes> <devsite-footer-utility class="devsite-footer"> <div class="devsite-footer-utility nocontent"> <nav class="devsite-footer-utility-links" aria-label="Utility links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-utility-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//policies.google.com/terms" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Terms link" > Terms </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//policies.google.com/privacy" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Privacy link" > Privacy </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item glue-cookie-notification-bar-control"> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="#" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Manage cookies link" aria-hidden="true" > Manage cookies </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item devsite-footer-utility-button"> Sign up for the TensorFlow newsletter <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//www.tensorflow.org/subscribe" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Subscribe link" > Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="it" >Italiano</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pl" >Polski</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="vi" >Tiếng Việt</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="tr" >Türkçe</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="he" >עברית</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ar" >العربيّة</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fa" >فارسی</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="hi" >हिंदी</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="bn" >বাংলা</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="th" >ภาษาไทย</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> </nav> </div> </devsite-footer-utility> <devsite-panel></devsite-panel> </section></section> <devsite-sitemask></devsite-sitemask> <devsite-snackbar></devsite-snackbar> <devsite-tooltip ></devsite-tooltip> <devsite-heading-link></devsite-heading-link> <devsite-analytics> <script type="application/json" analytics>[{"dimensions": {"dimension4": "TensorFlow Core", "dimension1": "Signed out", "dimension3": false, "dimension12": false, "dimension6": "en", "dimension5": "en"}, "gaid": "UA-69864048-1", "metrics": {"ratings_count": "metric2", "ratings_value": "metric1"}, "purpose": 0}]</script> <script type="application/json" tag-management>{"at": "True", "ga4": [], "ga4p": [], "gtm": [{"id": "GTM-MXSL34P", "purpose": 0}], "parameters": {"internalUser": "False", "language": {"machineTranslated": "False", "requested": "en", "served": "en"}, "pageType": "article", "projectName": "TensorFlow Core", "signedIn": "False", "tenant": "tensorflow", "recommendations": {"sourcePage": "", "sourceType": 0, "sourceRank": 0, "sourceIdenticalDescriptions": 0, "sourceTitleWords": 0, "sourceDescriptionWords": 0, "experiment": ""}, "experiment": {"ids": ""}}}</script> </devsite-analytics> <devsite-badger></devsite-badger> <script nonce="wQNpVrjRsPLOvs3+VZRJQu25xJp2mt"> (function(d,e,v,s,i,t,E){d['GoogleDevelopersObject']=i; t=e.createElement(v);t.async=1;t.src=s;E=e.getElementsByTagName(v)[0]; E.parentNode.insertBefore(t,E);})(window, document, 'script', 'https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/js/app_loader.js', '[15,"en",null,"/js/devsite_app_module.js","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow","https://tensorflow-dot-devsite-v2-prod-3p.appspot.com",null,null,["/_pwa/tensorflow/manifest.json","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/images/video-placeholder.svg","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/favicon.png","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/tensorflow/images/lockup.svg","https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500|Roboto:400,400italic,500,500italic,700,700italic|Roboto+Mono:400,500,700&display=swap"],1,null,[1,6,8,12,14,17,21,25,50,52,63,70,75,76,80,87,91,92,93,97,98,100,101,102,103,104,105,107,108,109,110,112,113,116,117,118,120,122,124,125,126,127,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,138,140,141,147,148,149,151,152,156,157,158,159,161,163,164,168,169,170,179,180,182,183,186,191,193,196],"AIzaSyCNm9YxQumEXwGJgTDjxoxXK6m1F-9720Q","AIzaSyCc76DZePGtoyUjqKrLdsMGk_ry7sljLbY","www.tensorflow.org","AIzaSyB9bqgQ2t11WJsOX8qNsCQ6U-w91mmqF-I","AIzaSyAdYnStPdzjcJJtQ0mvIaeaMKj7_t6J_Fg",null,null,null,["Search__enable_dynamic_content_confidential_banner","Experiments__reqs_query_experiments","Profiles__enable_dashboard_curated_recommendations","Profiles__require_profile_eligibility_for_signin","Cloud__enable_cloud_shell_fte_user_flow","Profiles__enable_profile_collections","DevPro__enable_developer_subscriptions","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_view_transitions","Profiles__enable_release_notes_notifications","Cloud__enable_cloud_dlp_service","Profiles__enable_complete_playlist_endpoint","Search__enable_page_map","Cloud__enable_cloudx_experiment_ids","Cloud__enable_llm_concierge_chat","Search__enable_ai_eligibility_checks","EngEduTelemetry__enable_engedu_telemetry","Profiles__enable_developer_profiles_callout","Cloud__enable_cloud_shell","CloudShell__cloud_shell_button","Profiles__enable_public_developer_profiles","Cloud__enable_legacy_calculator_redirect","TpcFeatures__enable_required_headers","TpcFeatures__enable_mirror_tenant_redirects","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_firebase_utm","Analytics__enable_clearcut_logging","Cloud__enable_cloudx_ping","MiscFeatureFlags__developers_footer_image","Profiles__enable_recognition_badges","Concierge__enable_pushui","Profiles__enable_completecodelab_endpoint","MiscFeatureFlags__emergency_css","Profiles__enable_awarding_url","MiscFeatureFlags__developers_footer_dark_image","Cloud__enable_cloud_facet_chat","Cloud__enable_free_trial_server_call","Search__enable_suggestions_from_borg","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_explain_this_code","SignIn__enable_refresh_access_tokens","CloudShell__cloud_code_overflow_menu","BookNav__enable_tenant_cache_key","Profiles__enable_page_saving","DevPro__enable_cloud_innovators_plus","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_variable_operator","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_project_variables"],null,null,"AIzaSyA58TaKli1DculwmAmbpzLVGuWc8eCQgQc","https://developerscontentserving-pa.googleapis.com","AIzaSyDWBU60w0P9hEkr29kkksYs8Z7gvZ8u_wc","https://developerscontentsearch-pa.googleapis.com",2,4,null,"https://developerprofiles-pa.googleapis.com",[15,"tensorflow","TensorFlow","www.tensorflow.org",null,"tensorflow-dot-devsite-v2-prod-3p.appspot.com",null,null,[null,1,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[1],null,null,null,null,null,null,[1],[1,null,null,[1]],null,null,null,[1,null,1],[1,1,null,1,1]],null,[25,null,null,null,null,null,"/images/lockup.svg","/images/logo.png",null,null,null,1,1,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,null,null,null,null,[]],[],null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[6,1],null,[[],[1,1]],[[["UA-69864048-1"],["UA-69864048-4"],null,null,["UA-69864048-5"],["GTM-MXSL34P"],null,null,[["UA-69864048-1",1]],null,[["UA-69864048-5",1]],[["GTM-MXSL34P",1]],1],[[4,3],[5,4],[3,2],[12,8],[1,1],[6,5]],[[1,1],[2,2]]],null,4]]') </script> <devsite-a11y-announce></devsite-a11y-announce> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

The Sequential model | TensorFlow Core