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<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="renderer" content="webkit" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <title>成果推介：超导纳米线单光子探测器与成像器</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1400"> <meta name="description" content="南京大学科技成果推介　第一百三十二篇新一代高速光纤光栅传感解调仪所属领域新一代信息技术项目介绍1. 市场应用前景本项目依托南京大学现代工程与应用科学学院和精准光子集成与系统应用教育部工程研究中心研究团队，利用自主研制的新一代光纤光栅传感解调仪搭配自主设计的高精度FBG传感器组成传感系统，目前已成立产业化公司并成功实现产品产业化，通过了业内权威机构的稳定性测试和性能测试，实现量产，相关技术产品已直接或间接服务于多家研发机构或公司，致力于服务包括桥梁隧道、地灾监测、航空航天、海洋船舶等面向大范围、高精度、多点位、多参量传感应用场景，并且能够满足多种极端环境下的应用需求。2. 痛点问题（1）解调系统核心器件——光源芯片被国外垄断光纤光栅（FBG）传感技术是国家众多科学研究和民用工程领域中必不可少的监测手段之一，然而我国光纤光栅传感监测系统特别是高速大容量FBG传感解调仪主要由国外公司垄断。其中的核心半导体扫描激光光源芯片100%依赖进口，主要基于Finisar公司（被收购，现为Coherent公司）等美国公司的半导体可调谐激光器，其缺点是一方面受制于激光器工作带宽，只能完成C波段扫描，且波长" /> <link type="text/css" href="/_css/_system/system.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link type="text/css" href="/_upload/site/1/style/49/49.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link type="text/css" href="/_upload/site/01/1a/282/style/171/171.css" 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<img border="0" style="margin:0 auto;" src="/_upload/column/20/18/8216/picture.jpg" data-imgsrc="/_upload/tpl/07/95/1941/template1941/images/list_banner.jpg"> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="wrapper" id="d-container"> <div class="inner clearfix"> <div class="infobox"> <div class="article" frag="窗口3" portletmode="simpleArticleAttri"> <h1 class="arti_title">成果推介：超导纳米线单光子探测器与成像器</h1> <h2 class="arti_title"></h2> <p class="arti_metas"><span class="arti_publisher">发布者：张娟娟</span><span class="arti_update">发布时间：2024-09-23</span><span class="arti_views">浏览次数：<span class="WP_VisitCount" url="/_visitcountdisplay?siteId=282&type=3&articleId=719961">143</span></span></p> <div class="entry"> <div class="read"><div class='wp_articlecontent'><section data-role="outer" style="font-size:16px;visibility:visible;"><section style="visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></p><section style="visibility:visible;"><section data-color="#bbe3c5" style="visibility:visible;"><section style="visibility:visible;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;"><section style="float:left;width:20px;height:20px;overflow:hidden;visibility:visible;"><section style="width:20px;height:20px;border-radius:50%;background-color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;margin-top:-10px;margin-left:-10px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section><section style="float:right;width:20px;height:20px;overflow:hidden;visibility:visible;"><section style="float:right;width:20px;height:20px;border-radius:50%;background-color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;margin-top:-10px;margin-right:-10px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section><section style="visibility:visible;padding-right:2px;padding-left:2px;"><section style="height:10px;color:#6af177;background-color:#08540f;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section><section style="background-color:#08540f;color:#6af177;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;"><section style="visibility:visible;"><section style="text-align:center;visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;clear:none;visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";font-size:18px;">南京大学科技成果推介　第一百三十三篇</span></strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="clear:both;height:0px;overflow:hidden;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section><section style="float:left;width:20px;height:10px;overflow:hidden;visibility:visible;"><section style="width:20px;height:20px;border-radius:50%;background-color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;margin-bottom:-10px;margin-left:-10px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section><section style="float:right;width:20px;height:10px;overflow:hidden;visibility:visible;"><section style="float:right;width:20px;height:20px;border-radius:50%;background-color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;margin-right:-10px;margin-bottom:-10px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section><section style="visibility:visible;padding-right:2px;padding-left:2px;"><section style="height:10px;color:#6af177;background-color:#08540f;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align:center;vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></p></section><section data-color="#31859b" style="text-align:center;visibility:visible;padding-right:3px;padding-left:3px;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;"><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;width:568px;visibility:visible;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;margin-bottom:-2em;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;margin-bottom:15px;"><strong style="text-wrap:wrap;color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;visibility:visible;"><span style="font-family:"times new roman";font-size:16px;">超导纳米线单光子探测器与成像器</span></strong></p><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-imgfileid="100028940" data-ratio="0.6129807692307693" data-type="png" data-w="832" style="vertical-align:baseline;height:auto;visibility:visible;" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/WdFsoZsADpWI6zKmiaQbSG0sjNu7IdFSxt29X6I8tSOwMvKRdZ8FdnTbs7vC8SR4BubvxeTcT9upDFFTsYPg7tA/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg" data-original-style="vertical-align:baseline;height:auto !important;" data-index="2" _width="677px" src="/_upload/article/images/b9/02/4fd3b64d4400bbe6343668edb4e1/e440edf1-2cbe-43ec-bee5-88c9f149b95e.png" /></p></section><section style="width:6px;height:6px;float:left;border-radius:100%;color:#6af177;background-color:#08540f;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;margin-left:-3px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section><section style="width:6px;height:6px;float:right;border-radius:100%;color:#6af177;background-color:#08540f;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;margin-right:-3px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section><section style="height:2em;border-left:1px solid #08540f;border-top-color:#08540f;border-right:1px solid #08540f;border-bottom:1px solid #08540f;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#548dd4" style="visibility:visible;"><section data-color="#548dd4" style="visibility:visible;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;"><section style="visibility:visible;"><section data-color="#548dd4" style="visibility:visible;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;"><section style="visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></p><section data-color="#548dd4" style="visibility:visible;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;"><section style="padding:4px 10px;display:inline-block;width:100%;vertical-align:top;background-color:#08540f;color:#6af177;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;"><section style="visibility:visible;"><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;visibility:visible;"><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">所属领域</span></strong></span><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="font-family:"times new roman";">  </span></strong></p></section><section style="width:0px;border-left:8px solid #ffffff;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;height:10px;overflow:hidden;border-right-color:#08540f;visibility:visible;margin-right:3px;margin-left:5px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section></section></section></section><section data-color="#31859b" style="visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;text-indent:0em;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;visibility:visible;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">新一代信息技术</span></strong></span></p></section><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></p></section></section></section><section style="padding:4px 10px;display:inline-block;width:100%;vertical-align:top;background-color:#08540f;color:#6af177;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);visibility:visible;"><section style="visibility:visible;"><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;visibility:visible;"><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="color:#ffffff;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">项目介绍</span></strong></span><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="font-family:"times new roman";">  </span></strong></p></section><section style="width:0px;border-left:8px solid #ffffff;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;height:10px;overflow:hidden;border-right-color:#08540f;visibility:visible;margin-right:3px;margin-left:5px;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></section></section></section></section></section><section data-color="#31859b" style="visibility:visible;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;text-indent:0em;visibility:visible;"><br style="visibility:visible;" /></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><strong style="max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;caret-color:red;visibility:visible;"><span style="max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">1. 市场应用前景</span></strong><br style="max-inline-size:100%;visibility:visible;" /></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><span style="max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">单光子探测器的市场应用前景广泛且充满潜力，主要体现在以下几个领域：</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">(1) 量子通信：</span></strong><span style="max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">单光子探测器是量子密钥分发(QKD)的核心组件，能够提高通信的安全性，预计随着量子通信技术的发展，市场需求将不断增长。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">(2) 量子计算：</span></strong><span style="caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">在量子计算中，单光子探测器用于量子比特的读出和量子态的测量，是实现可扩展量子计算的关键。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">(3) 生物成像：</span></strong><span style="caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">在生物医学领域，单光子探测器可用于高灵敏度的荧光成像和光谱分析，提升了疾病诊断的精确度。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;visibility:visible;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong style="visibility:visible;"><span style="caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">(4) 天文学：</span></strong><span style="caret-color:red;visibility:visible;font-family:"times new roman";">用于探测来自遥远天体的微弱光信号，帮助科学家进行深空探索和宇宙研究。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong><span style="caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">(5) 激光雷达(LiDAR)：</span></strong><span style="caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">在远距离弱目标探测中，单光子探测器能够提高探测精度和距离，为高分辨三维成像提供支持。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;max-inline-size:100%;cursor:text;color:#333333;caret-color:#ff0000;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong><span style="caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">(6) 安全监控：</span></strong><span style="caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">在安全和监控系统中，单光子探测技术可以增强探测能力，特别是在低光照条件下。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><br /></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">2. 痛点问题</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">单光子探测技术是一种能够有效探测单个光子(光的基本粒子)的技术，广泛应用于量子通信、量子计算和生物成像等领域。该技术依赖于高度敏感的探测器，通过这些探测器，可以实现对弱光信号的精确测量，提供高时间分辨率和高探测效率。这使得单光子探测器成为研究量子现象和实现量子信息处理的关键工具，也成为提高经典光电探测能力的有效手段。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><br /></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">3. 解决方案</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)利用超导纳米线在低温下的超导特性工作，具有极高的探测效率(可达99%)、低暗计数率和皮秒级时间分辨率，广泛应用于量子通信、量子计算、生物成像和激光雷达等领域，是现代光学和量子技术的重要工具。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">依托南京大学在超导电子学研究方向长期技术积累，可提供高性能超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)与成像器(SNSPI)，满足量子通信、生物成像、远距离探测等光电应用场景。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><br /></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">4. 竞争优势分析</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">(1) 高效率与高速度单光子探测：</span></strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">四象限结构SNSPD的探测效率超过90%，并可达到1.6G光子/秒的探测速度，满足高速通信、高动态成像等多种应用场景需求。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">(2) 光波导混合集成单光子探测器：</span></strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">混合集成技术，解决了超导探测器与半导体光波导的异质加工难点。波导混合集成SNSPD能够与多种光量子集成芯片架构兼容，如硅、氮化硅和铌酸锂，提供更大的灵活性，适应不同的应用场景。通过采用横向纳米线排布方式，波导混合集成SNSPD的最高效率可达99.9%。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">(3) 超导纳米线延迟线成像器件：</span></strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">采用延迟线读出逻辑的成像器SNSPI突破了低温读出电路的限制，高占空比使得探测效率在1550nm高达50%以上，像素规模为32×32。SNSPI工作在事件触发的脉冲读出模式，突破传统帧扫描的速度限制，满足高分辨率、高速成像需求。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">相关论文与专利：</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:0px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">[1] Hao, H., et al., A compact multi-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array supporting gigabit space-to-ground communications.  Light Sci Appl 13, 25 (2024).</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:0px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">[2] S.-Y. Ru, H. Hao, et al., Ultrawide Dynamic Sensing from Single-Photon Counting to Linear Detection Using a Segmented Superconducting Nanowire.  Laser Photonics Rev 2024, 2400483.</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:0px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">[3] 赵清源等.一种可级联的波导集成单光子探测器:CN202410052355.9 [P]. 2024-04-12.</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:0px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">[4] Zhao, QY., et al. Single-photon imager based on a superconducting nanowire delay line.  Nature Photon 11, 247–251 (2017).</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><br /></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">5. 发展规划</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">面向量子信息、星地激光通信、生物成像与检测等光电探测场景，推广高性能超导单光子探测器的产业化应用。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><br /></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><strong><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">6. 知识产权</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><span style="color:#3f3f3f;caret-color:red;font-family:"times new roman";">掌握超导纳米线探测器芯片制备、封装、电路结构设计等自主知识产权。</span></p><p style="text-align:justify;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;margin-top:15px;"><br /></p><section data-color="#548dd4" style="margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;"><section style="padding:4px 10px;display:inline-block;width:100%;vertical-align:top;background-color:#08540f;color:#6af177;background-image:linear-gradient(116deg, #08540f, #076b00);"><section><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;"><section style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;"><p style="vertical-align:initial;"><span style="color:#ffffff;"><strong><span style="color:#ffffff;font-family:"times new roman";">团队介绍 </span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-family:"times new roman";"> </span></strong></p></section><section style="width:0px;border-left:8px solid #ffffff;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;height:10px;overflow:hidden;border-right-color:#08540f;margin-right:3px;margin-left:5px;"><br /></section></section></section></section></section><section data-color="#31859b"><p style="text-align:left;vertical-align:initial;line-height:2em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-imgfileid="100028939" data-ratio="0.26944444444444443" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align:baseline;height:auto;" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/WdFsoZsADpWI6zKmiaQbSG0sjNu7IdFSxDQHo1hSotNAiazzLKMwgP02bx5nMspVqPn9icia8Vxd3DJiaFibrP9kmdmQ/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg" data-original-style="vertical-align:baseline;height:auto !important;" data-index="3" _width="677px" 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