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<nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Главно меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Главно меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu 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група</span></a></li><li id="n-🎮-Дискорд" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4"><span>🎮 Дискорд</span></a></li><li id="n-Телеграм" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC"><span>Телеграм</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:IRC"><span>IRC</span></a></li><li id="n-GitHub" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://github.com/wikimedia-bg" rel="nofollow"><span>GitHub</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Уикипедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Свободната енциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Търсене</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Предмет" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Предмет"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Предмет</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Предмет-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Научен_метод" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Научен_метод"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Научен метод</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Научен_метод-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Теория_и_експеримент" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Теория_и_експеримент"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Теория и експеримент</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Теория_и_експеримент-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Връзка_с_философията" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Връзка_с_философията"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Връзка с философията</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Връзка_с_философията-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-История_на_физиката" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#История_на_физиката"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>История на физиката</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-История_на_физиката-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Известни_физици" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Известни_физици"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Известни физици</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Известни_физици-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Основни_теории_във_физиката" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Основни_теории_във_физиката"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Основни теории във физиката</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Основни_теории_във_физиката-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Превключване на подраздел Основни теории във физиката</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Основни_теории_във_физиката-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Предложени_теории" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Предложени_теории"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Предложени теории</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Предложени_теории-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Други_теории" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Други_теории"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Други теории</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Други_теории-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Фундаментални_взаимодействия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Фундаментални_взаимодействия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Фундаментални взаимодействия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Фундаментални_взаимодействия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Строеж_на_материята" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Строеж_на_материята"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Строеж на материята</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Строеж_на_материята-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Раздели_на_физиката" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Раздели_на_физиката"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Раздели на физиката</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Раздели_на_физиката-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Отношение_към_математиката_и_другите_науки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Отношение_към_математиката_и_другите_науки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Отношение към математиката и другите науки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Отношение_към_математиката_и_другите_науки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Физика_и_религия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Физика_и_религия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Физика и религия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Физика_и_религия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Бележки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бележки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Бележки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бележки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Вижте_също" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вижте_също"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Вижте също</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вижте_също-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Външни_препратки" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Външни_препратки"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Външни препратки</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Външни_препратки-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Физика</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 243 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-243" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">243 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – ачешки" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physik" title="Physik – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Physik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%B0%E1%8D%88%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%AE_%E1%88%95%E1%8C%8D%E1%8C%8B%E1%89%B5_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የተፈጥሮ ሕግጋት ጥናት – амхарски" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የተፈጥሮ ሕግጋት ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जीव-विज्ञान – ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जीव-विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="فيزياء – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيزياء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%9D%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%9F" title="ܦܝܣܝܟ – арамейски" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܝܣܝܟ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%83" title="فيزيك – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فيزيك" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="فيزيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيزيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান – асамски" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altelopa" title="Altelopa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Altelopa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भौतिक शास्त्र – авади" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="भौतिक शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авади" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فیزیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فیزیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physik" title="Physik – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Physik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiz%C4%97ka" title="Fizėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Fizėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisika" title="Pisika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pisika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фізіка – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фізіка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фізыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фізыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu_tab%C3%A8at" title="Èlmu tabèat – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Èlmu tabèat" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="भौतिकी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भौतिकी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisika" title="Pisika – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Pisika" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ရူပဗေဒ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ရူပဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="পদার্থবিজ্ঞান – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পদার্থবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B" title="དངོས་ཁམས་རིག་པ་ – тибетски" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དངོས་ཁམས་རིག་པ་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="পদার্থবিজ্ঞান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পদার্থবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – бретонски" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – босненски" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босненски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%84%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%80" title="ᨄᨗᨔᨗᨀ – бугински" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨄᨗᨔᨗᨀ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="бугински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8D" title="Физикэ – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Физикэ" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%ACk-l%C4%AB" title="Ŭk-lī – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ŭk-lī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – чеченски" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisika" title="Pisika – себуански" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pisika" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فیزیک – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فیزیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – корсикански" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсикански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – кримскотатарски" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="кримскотатарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzika" title="Fyzika – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fyzika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizyka" title="Fizyka – кашубски" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Fizyka" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffiseg" title="Ffiseg – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffiseg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysik" title="Fysik – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fysik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physik" title="Physik – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Physik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%B6%C3%B6ckat%C9%94%C9%94r" title="Piööckatɔɔr – динка" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Piööckatɔɔr" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="динка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzika" title="Fyzika – долнолужишки" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Fyzika" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="долнолужишки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pijik" title="Pijik – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Pijik" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%A9%DE%92%DE%A8%DE%94%DE%A7%DE%87%DE%A9_%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%AA" title="ފީޒިޔާއީ އިލްމު – дивехи" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފީޒިޔާއީ އިލްމު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="дивехи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94" title="དངོས་ཁམས་རིག་པ – дзонгкха" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="དངོས་ཁམས་རིག་པ" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="дзонгкха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Φυσική – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φυσική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AEsica" title="Fîsica – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Fîsica" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics" title="Physics – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Physics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiziko" title="Fiziko – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fiziko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BC%C3%BCsika" title="Füüsika – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Füüsika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فیزیک – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیزیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysiikka" title="Fysiikka – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fysiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BC%C3%BCsiga" title="Füüsiga – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Füüsiga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiki" title="Fisiki – фиджийски" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Fisiki" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alisfr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Alisfrøði – фарьорски" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Alisfrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарьорски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physique" title="Physique – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Physique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fesica" title="Fesica – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Fesica" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCsiik" title="Füsiik – северен фризийски" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Füsiik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северен фризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiche" title="Fisiche – фриулски" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Fisiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриулски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natuerkunde" title="Natuerkunde – западнофризийски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Natuerkunde" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisic" title="Fisic – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fisic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="物理學 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="物理學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiosaig" title="Fiosaig – шотландски келтски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fiosaig" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландски келтски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27erekokuaa" title="Mba'erekokuaa – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'erekokuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – горонтало" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="горонтало" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AB%8C%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="ભૌતિકશાસ્ત્ર – гуджарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ભૌતિકશાસ્ત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджарати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%BCjia" title="Atüjia – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Atüjia" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishig" title="Fishig – манкски" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Fishig" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="манкски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AE-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Vu̍t-lî-ho̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vu̍t-lî-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81laik%C5%ABlohea" title="Kālaikūlohea – хавайски" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kālaikūlohea" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="хавайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="פיזיקה – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיזיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भौतिक शास्त्र – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भौतिक शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhautik_vigyan" title="Bhautik vigyan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bhautik vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzika" title="Fyzika – горнолужишки" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Fyzika" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="горнолужишки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – хаитянски креолски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитянски креолски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Ֆիզիկա – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆիզիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physica" title="Physica – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Physica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – ибан" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ибан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – оксидентал" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="оксидентал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8C%CC%80m%E1%BB%A5%CC%80nt%E1%BB%A5d%E1%BB%8B" title="Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị – игбо" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ọ̀mụ̀ntụdị" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="игбо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisika" title="Pisika – илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pisika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiziko" title="Fiziko – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fiziko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B0lisfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Eðlisfræði – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eðlisfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%86%E1%92%AB%E1%91%A6%E1%93%B1%E1%93%95%E1%95%86%E1%93%82%E1%96%85/umatsuliriniq" title="ᐆᒫᑦᓱᓕᕆᓂᖅ/umatsuliriniq – инуктитут" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐆᒫᑦᓱᓕᕆᓂᖅ/umatsuliriniq" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="инуктитут" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="物理学 – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="物理学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizix" title="Fizix – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Fizix" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/termu%27eske" title="termu'eske – ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="termu'eske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ფიზიკა – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფიზიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasengama" title="Tasengama – кабилски" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasengama" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – туап" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="туап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics" title="Physics – кикую" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Physics" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кикую" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uumaatsulerineq" title="Uumaatsulerineq – гренландски" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Uumaatsulerineq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="гренландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="រូបវិទ្យា – кхмерски" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រូបវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಭೌತಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭೌತಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="물리학 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="물리학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%9B%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%8F%D8%AA" title="ترٛایُت – кашмирски" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ترٛایُت" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiz%C3%AEk" title="Fizîk – кюрдски" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fizîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="кюрдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysegieth" title="Fysegieth – корнуолски" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Fysegieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнуолски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physica" title="Physica – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Physica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physik" title="Physik – люксембургски" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Physik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – лезгински" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebyobuzimbe" title="Ebyobuzimbe – ганда" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Ebyobuzimbe" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ганда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Natuurkunde" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixica" title="Fixica – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Fixica" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADz%C3%ADk%C3%AD" title="Fízíkí – лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Fízíkí" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9F%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%8C" title="ຟີຊິກສ໌ – лаоски" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຟີຊິກສ໌" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаоски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – мадурски" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="мадурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भौतिक शास्‍त्र – майтхили" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="भौतिक शास्‍त्र" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="майтхили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Физикась – мокша" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Физикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокша" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Физике – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Физике" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൗതികശാസ്ത്രം – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൗതികശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Физик – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Физик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भौतिकशास्त्र – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भौतिकशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C5%BCika" title="Fiżika – малтийски" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Fiżika" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малтийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – мирандийски" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ရူပဗေဒ – бирмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရူပဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – ерзиа" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ерзиа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فزیک – мазандерански" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فزیک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандерански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADseca" title="Físeca – неаполитански" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Físeca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неаполитански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physik" title="Physik – долнонемски" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Physik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долнонемски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netuurkunde" title="Netuurkunde – долносаксонски" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Netuurkunde" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="долносаксонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भौतिक शास्त्र – непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भौतिक शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भौतिक शास्त्र – неварски" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भौतिक शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Natuurkunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysikk" title="Fysikk – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fysikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysikk" title="Fysikk – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fysikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisike" title="Fisike – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Fisike" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C5%B7sique" title="Phŷsique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Phŷsique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – северен сото" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="северен сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica – окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fisica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiiziksii" title="Fiiziksii – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Fiiziksii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A5_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ପଦାର୍ଥ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପଦାର୍ଥ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Физикæ – осетински" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Физикæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsika" title="Físika – пампанга" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Físika" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisike" title="Fisike – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Fisike" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiks" title="Fisiks – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Fisiks" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizyka" title="Fizyka – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fizyka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ACsica" title="Fìsica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Fìsica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="فزکس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فزکس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="فزیک – пущу" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فزیک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пущу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Física" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachaykamay" title="Pachaykamay – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pachaykamay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizic%C4%83" title="Fizică – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fizică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizic%C3%A2" title="Fizicâ – арумънски" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Fizicâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фізіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Фізіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="भौतिकशास्त्रम् – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="भौतिकशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ACsica" title="Fìsica – сардински" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Fìsica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ACsica" title="Fìsica – сицилиански" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Fìsica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naitural_philosophy" title="Naitural philosophy – шотландски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Naitural philosophy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="طبيعيات – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="طبيعيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasngama" title="Tasngama – ташелхит" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasngama" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ташелхит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%82%81%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="ပၢႆးႁၢင်ႈ – шан" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပၢႆးႁၢင်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="шан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="භෞතික විද්‍යාව – синхалски" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="භෞතික විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics" title="Physics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Physics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzika" title="Fyzika – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fyzika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_(%D9%81%D8%B2%DA%A9%D8%B3)" title="طبیعیات (فزکس) – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="طبیعیات (فزکس)" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiki" title="Fisiki – самоански" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Fisiki" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="самоански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundoyetsimba" title="Fundoyetsimba – шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Fundoyetsimba" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiisigis" title="Fiisigis – сомалийски" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Fiisigis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомалийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabi_fu_natru" title="Sabi fu natru – сранан тонго" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Sabi fu natru" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="сранан тонго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiksi" title="Fisiksi – сото" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Fisiksi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physik" title="Physik – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Physik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysik" title="Fysik – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fysik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizikia" title="Fizikia – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Fizikia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizyka" title="Fizyka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Fizyka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இயற்பியல் – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இயற்பியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಭೌತ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಭೌತ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="భౌతిక శాస్త్రం – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భౌతిక శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – таджикски" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="ฟิสิกส์ – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟิสิกส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%8A%E1%8B%9A%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%B5" title="ፊዚክስ – тигриня" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ፊዚክስ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="тигриня" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – туркменски" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisika" title="Pisika – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pisika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik%C9%99" title="Fizikə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Fizikə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiki" title="Fisiki – тонгански" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Fisiki" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="тонгански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntivo-Ntumbuluko" title="Ntivo-Ntumbuluko – цонга" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ntivo-Ntumbuluko" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="цонга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiks" title="Fisiks – тумбука" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Fisiks" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="тумбука" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – тувински" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – удмуртски" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%89%D8%B2%D9%89%D9%83%D8%A7" title="فىزىكا – уйгурски" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="فىزىكا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Добра статия"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фізика – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фізика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="طبیعیات – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طبیعیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fizika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizega" title="Fizega – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fizega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Fizik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Избрана статия"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%ADt_l%C3%BD_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Vật lý học – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vật lý học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BCs%C3%BCd" title="Füsüd – волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Füsüd" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizike" title="Fizike – валонски" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Fizike" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fisika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%ABmm" title="Jëmm – волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Jëmm" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="物理学 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="物理学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика – калмик" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Физика" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="калмик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifiziki" title="Ifiziki – кхоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ifiziki" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="кхоса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ფიზიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფიზიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7" title="פיזיק – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פיזיק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADs%C3%ADks%C3%AC" title="Físíksì – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Físíksì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuzlij" title="Vuzlij – зуанг" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vuzlij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="зуанг" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Natuurkunde" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B3%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ – стандартен марокански тамазигт" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="стандартен марокански тамазигт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="物理学 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="物理学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="物理學 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="物理學" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%CC%8Dt-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bu̍t-lí-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="物理學 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="物理學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umchazandalo" title="Umchazandalo – зулуски" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umchazandalo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q413#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" 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id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet 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<div class="vector-menu-heading"> Отпечатване/изнасяне </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0"><span>Създаване на книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>Изтегляне като PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&printable=yes" title="Версия за печат на страницата [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия за печат</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Physics" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" hreflang="bg"><span>Уикиновини</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%E2%80%94_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" hreflang="bg"><span>Уикицитат</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q413" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><div class="othermeaning-box"> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Disambig.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/22px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/33px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/44px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></a></span> <i>Тази статия е за <b>научната дисциплина</b>.  За книгата на Аристотел вижте <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB)" title="Физика (Аристотел)">Физика (Аристотел)</a>.  </i></dd></dl> <hr /></div> <table class="WSerieV" cellspacing="0" style="width:300px; padding: 0.3em; float:right; margin: 0 0 0.4ex 1ex; border:1px solid #999; background-color:#ееееее; text-align:center; font-size: 90%; line-height: 135%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="title physic" height="45" style="background-color: #D4D4FF; line-height: 90%;">Серия статии на тема<br /><b><big><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Физика</a></big></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Relativistic_formula.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Relativistic_formula.svg/160px-Relativistic_formula.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Relativistic_formula.svg/240px-Relativistic_formula.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Relativistic_formula.svg/320px-Relativistic_formula.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="386" data-file-height="195" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Равенство на маса и енергия">Равенство на маса и енергия</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="История на физиката">История на физиката</a> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:#D4D4FF;">Основни клонове</div> <div class="NavContent"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Класическа механика">Класическа механика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромагнетизъм">Електромагнетизъм</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статистическа механика">Статистическа механика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Термодинамика">Термодинамика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">Квантова механика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теория на относителността">Теория на относителността</a></div> </div><div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:#D4D4FF;">Области на изследване</div> <div class="NavContent"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астрофизика">Астрофизика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0,_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Атомна, молекулярна и оптична физика">Атомна, молекулярна и оптична физика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биофизика">Биофизика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геофизика">Геофизика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Приложна физика">Приложна физика</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Физика на елементарните частици">Физика на елементарните частици</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физика на кондензираната материя">Физика на кондензираната материя</a></div> </div><div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:#D4D4FF;">Експерименти</div> <div class="NavContent"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Махало на Фуко">Махало на Фуко</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BD-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Опит на Майкелсън-Морли">Опит на Майкелсън-Морли</a></div> </div><div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:#D4D4FF;">Текущи експерименти</div> <div class="NavContent"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Голям адронен ускорител">Голям адронен ускорител</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B5%D0%B1_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF)" title="Джеймс Уеб (телескоп)">Джеймс Уеб телескоп</a></div> </div><div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color:#D4D4FF;">Физици</div> <div class="NavContent"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Нилс Бор">Нилс Бор</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Пол Дирак">Пол Дирак</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Алберт Айнщайн">Алберт Айнщайн</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ричард Файнман">Ричард Файнман</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Галилео Галилей">Галилео Галилей</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Вернер Хайзенберг">Вернер Хайзенберг</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Джеймс Максуел">Джеймс Максуел</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Исак Нютон">Исак Нютон</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Волфганг Паули">Волфганг Паули</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AA%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%A0%D1%8A%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Ърнест Ръдърфорд">Ърнест Ръдърфорд</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ервин Шрьодингер">Ервин Шрьодингер</a> <br style="clear:both" /> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Юджин Уигнър">Юджин Уигнър</a></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Физиката</b> (от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Старогръцки език">старогръцки</a>: <span lang="grc" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">φυσικός</span> (<i>фисикос</i>) – „естествен“, <i>φύσις</i> (<i>фисис</i>) – „<a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Природа">природа</a>“) е <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Естествена наука">естествена наука</a>, изучаваща общите и фундаментални закономерности, определящи структурата и еволюцията на материалния свят. Физиката е точна наука, което означава, че се занимава с намирането на количествено описание на природните явления. Физиката се основава на теории, които дават ясни, измерими предвиждания. За физични се приемат само експериментални резултати, които могат да бъдат независимо възпроизведени. Такива резултати могат да потвърдят или отхвърлят дадена физична теория. Теоретичната и експерименталната физика са тясно свързани − понякога развитието на физичните теории мотивира провеждането на нови експерименти, а понякога нови експериментални данни провокират създаването на нова теория. За изучаването на природните явления тези два подхода са еднакво важни. </p><p>За първи път терминът <i>физика</i> е използван от древногръцкия философ и учен <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел">Аристотел</a> през IV век пр.н.е. Физиката е една от най-старите области на познанието, макар в древността да не е оформена като отделна наука. Дълго време физиката и философията се ползват като синоними и едва в резултат на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Научна революция">Научната революция</a> от XVI – XVII век физиката се обособява като отделна наука.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Значението на физиката в съвременния свят е огромно. Новите ѝ идеи и достижения водят до развитието на другите науки и до нови научни открития, които от своя страна намират приложение в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Техника">техниката</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Промишленост">промишлеността</a>. Така например изследванията в областта на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромагнетизъм">електромагнетизма</a> водят до появата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон">телефона</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромотор">електромотора</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Маглев">влаковете на магнитна възглавница</a>; откритията в областта на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Термодинамика">термодинамиката</a> правят възможно построяването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Автомобил">автомобила</a>, а развитието на радиоелектрониката води до появата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Компютър">компютрите</a>. </p><p>Въпреки невероятното количество натрупани познания за света, човешкото разбиране за процесите и явленията непрекъснато се мени и развива, новите изследвания повдигат нови и нерешени въпроси, за които трябват нови обяснения и теории. В този смисъл физиката е в непрекъснат процес на развитие и все още далече от възможността да обясни всички природни явления и процеси. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Предмет"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82"></span>Предмет</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Предмет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Предмет"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg/300px-Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg/450px-Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg/600px-Pahoeoe_fountain_original.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Пример за природно явление, подчинено на физични закони: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Парабола">Параболичната</a> траектория на частиците <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Лава">лава</a> е в съответствие със закона на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Галилео Галилей">Галилей</a> за свободното падане, а червеното им излъчване – със закона за излъчване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Абсолютно черно тяло">абсолютно черно тяло</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Физиката има за цел изучаването на широк спектър от предмети и явления от всички възможни мащаби: от елементарните частици до най-големите звездни купове от <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Галактики">галактики</a>. В това число се включват и градивните елементи, изграждащи всички тела в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Природа">природата</a>, поради което физиката се нарича „фундаментална наука“.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Физиката има за цел да опише различните сложни <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Явление">явления</a>, наблюдавани в природата, като ги свежда до по-прости явления. Така физиката цели да обясни нещата, които ни заобикалят, като установи техните причини и след това се опитва да свърже тези причини помежду им в желанието да се намери <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Теория на всичко (страницата не съществува)">окончателно обяснение</a> на вечния човешки въпрос – защо природата е такава, каквато е. </p><p>Например в <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Древен Китай">Древен Китай</a> било наблюдавано, че определени скали (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнетит">магнетит</a>) се привличат една друга чрез невидими сили. Този ефект по-късно е наречен <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Магнетизъм">магнетизъм</a> и бива сериозно изучен за първи път през <a href="/wiki/XVII_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="XVII век">XVII век</a>. Малко по-рано, преди китайците, древните гърци са познавали свойствата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кехлибар">кехлибара</a>, който при триене в кожа също предизвиква ефект на привличане. Това явление също е изучено подробно през <a href="/wiki/XVII_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="XVII век">XVII век</a> и бива наречено <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Електричество">електричество</a>. В този смисъл физиката си поставя за цел да обясни нещо, наблюдавано в природата, според неговите причини. Чак през XIX век с по-нататъшния напредък на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука">науката</a> се разбира, че споменатите две явления – електричество и магнетизъм – са само два различни аспекта на едно и също взаимодействие – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Електромагнитно взаимодействие">електромагнитното</a>. Този процес на задълбочаване на знанията продължава и днес. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Научен_метод"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D1.83.D1.87.D0.B5.D0.BD_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B4"></span>Научен метод</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Научен метод" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Научен метод"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Физиката използва като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Научен метод">научен метод</a> емпиричната проверка: валидността на всяка <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Физична теория">физична теория</a> се тества, като направените според нея <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хипотеза">хипотези</a> и заключения се сравняват с резултати, извлечени от проведени експерименти и наблюдения. </p><p>Теории, които са добре подкрепени с експериментални данни и никога не са били опровергани с емпиричен опит (т.е. издържат емпиричната проверка), често се превръщат в научни закони или <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Природен закон (страницата не съществува)">природни закони</a>. Разбира се, всички теории, включително научните закони, могат винаги да бъдат заместени от нови, по-точни твърдения, които се търсят, когато има някакво несъгласие на дадена теория с наблюдаваните експериментални данни.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Теория_и_експеримент"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.B8_.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82"></span>Теория и експеримент</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Теория и експеримент" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Теория и експеримент"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Теоретична физика">Теоретична физика</a></i></div></dd> <dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Експериментална физика">Експериментална физика</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>При физиката има доста по-голяма степен на разделение между теория и експеримент, отколкото при други науки. Още от <a href="/wiki/XII_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="XII век">XII век</a> повечето физици се специализират или в теоретичната, или в експерименталната физика и съответно се наричат теоретици и експериментатори. (В противовес на това, почти всички успешни теоретици в биологията или химията (например американският квантов <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Химик">химик</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Биолог">биолог</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Лайнъс Полинг">Лайнъс Полинг</a>) са били също и <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Експериментатор">експерименталисти</a>, макар това да се променя в последно време.) </p><p>Теоретиците се стремят да развият <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Математически модел">математически модели</a>, които едновременно да описват съществуващите експерименти и успешно да предвиждат бъдещи резултати, докато експериментаторите предлагат и извършват експерименти, за да проверят теоретичните предвиждания и да изследват нови явления. Макар че теория и експеримент се развиват от различни учени, те са силно свързани помежду си. Прогресът във физиката често се осъществява, когато учените направят експериментално <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Откритие">откритие</a>, което съществуващите теории не могат да обяснят или, от друга страна, когато нови теории генерират предположения, подлежащи на проверка, вдъхновявайки поставянето на нови експерименти. </p><p>Също така има физици, които работят едновременно върху теория и експеримент и които се наричат <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Феноменология (наука)">феноменологисти</a>. Феноменологистите свързват емпирични наблюдения над определени <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Феномен">феномени</a> помежду им по начин, който е в съгласие с фундаменталната <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Теория">теория</a>, но не произтича директно от нея. </p><p>Теоретичната физика е исторически вдъхновена от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Философия">философията</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Метафизика">метафизиката</a>, например обединението на електричеството и магнетизма в единна теория – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромагнетизъм">електромагнетизъм</a> е станало по този начин.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Извън познатата ни Вселена, в полето на теоретичната физика се включва и боравенето с хипотетични въпроси,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> като паралелни вселени, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мултивселена">мултивселена</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Многомерна геометрия">по-високи измерения</a>. </p><p>Експерименталната физика е в основата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Техника">техниката</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Технология">технологиите</a>. Експериментаторите в областта на <i>фундаменталните</i> изследвания работят например с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Ускорител на частици">ускорители на частици</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Лазер">лазери</a>, докато тези в областта на <i>приложните</i> изследвания често работят за индустрията, например създавайки <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Транзистор">транзистори</a> или метода на <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ядрен магнитен резонанс">ядрен магнитен резонанс</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Връзка_с_философията"><span id=".D0.92.D1.80.D1.8A.D0.B7.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D1.81_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BE.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F.D1.82.D0.B0"></span>Връзка с философията</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Редактиране на раздел: Връзка с философията" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Връзка с философията"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на физиката">Философия на физиката</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>В голяма степен физиката произлиза от <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Древногръцка философия">древногръцката философия</a> – от първия опит на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Талес">Талес</a> да характеризира материята, през заключението на <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Демокрит">Демокрит</a>, че материята трябва да се редуцира до инвариантно състояние и <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">астрономията</a> на кристалния небосвод на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Птолемей">Птолемей</a> до книгата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел">Аристотел</a> <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB)" title="Физика (Аристотел)">Физика</a></i> гръцките философи развивали различни възгледи и теории за природата. Чак до средата на XVIII век физиката се нарича <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Естествена философия">естествена философия</a> (натур-философия). </p><p>Към XIX век физиката вече се възприема като <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Позитивна наука">позитивна</a> и отделна наука, различна от философията и другите науки. От друга страна, физиката заедно с другите науки разчита на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на науката">философията на науката</a> да даде адекватно описание на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Научен метод">научния метод</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Научният метод включва априорно и апостериорно мислене, както и вероятностни оценки, за да се прецени валидността на дадена теория.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Развитието на физиката дава отговори на много от питанията на ранните философи, но в същото време поставя и нови въпроси. </p><p>Изследването на философските въпроси, отнасящи се до физиката, включва по-конкретно теми като: същност на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Пространство-време">пространство-времето</a>, детерминизъм, както и метафизически перспективи като <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Емпиризъм">емпиризъм</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Натурализъм (философия) (страницата не съществува)">натурализъм</a> и научен <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Реализъм">реализъм</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Много физици са писали върху философските аспекти на тяхната работа, например <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Лаплас">Лаплас</a>, който първи засяга темата за <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Каузален детерминизъм">каузалния детерминизъм</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ервин Шрьодингер">Ервин Шрьодингер</a>, който пише върху <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">квантовата механика</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Математическият физик <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Роджър Пенроуз">Роджър Пенроуз</a> е наречен <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Платонизъм">платоник</a> от <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Стивън Хокинг">Стивън Хокинг</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> което е коментирано от Пенроуз в неговата книга <i>Пътят към реалността</i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Хокинг, от своя страна, нарича себе си „безсрамен редукционист“ и спори с възгледите на Пенроуз.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="История_на_физиката"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0"></span>История на физиката</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Редактиране на раздел: История на физиката" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: История на физиката"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="dablink noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/17px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/26px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg/34px-Crystal_Clear_app_xmag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <i>Основна статия: <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="История на физиката">История на физиката</a></i></div></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg/120px-Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg/180px-Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg/240px-Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="1448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Галилео Галилей">Галилео Галилей</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Научното знание съществува откакто съществува човечеството, хората са се опитвали да си обяснят естествения свят още от древността. Цивилизации се раждат и умират, а знанието се пренася от едно място на друго, допълва и разширява, а понякога се губи и преоткрива отново. </p><p>Център на знанието в древността са арабският свят, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Вавилон">Вавилон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет">Египет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Индия">Индия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Китай">Китай</a>, а по-късно <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Древен Рим">древен Рим</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Древна Гърция">древна Гърция</a>. Ранните физични теории се развиват основно като философия и не са верифицирани систематично чрез тестове, такава каквато е практиката днес. Докато <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европа</a> тъне в невежеството на тъмните векове, философските и научни знания на древните цивилизации са запазени от мюсюлманските държави, там възниква <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Експериментална физика">експерименталната физика</a>, развивана от средновековните мюсюлмански физици, сред които най-известен е <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Алхацен">Алхацен</a> (Ибн ал-Хайтам). </p><p>Съвременната физика, такава каквато я познаваме днес, започва с <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Галилео Галилей">Галилео Галилей</a>, поради което той често е наричан бащата на модерната физика. Той е първият, който използва научния подход, научния метод, в същността на който е идеята, че всяка теория трябва да бъде потвърдена с научни експерименти и наблюдения. <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Исак Нютон">Исак Нютон</a> се ражда в годината, в която умира Галилей. Той взема идеите му и ги превръща в теория, като създава един цял дял на физиката, наречен <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Класическа механика">класическа механика</a>. През <a href="/wiki/XX_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="XX век">XX век</a> работата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Алберт Айнщайн">Алберт Айнщайн</a> маркира една изцяло нова посока във физиката, която продължава и днес. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Известни_физици"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Известни физици</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Редактиране на раздел: Известни физици" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Известни физици"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg/120px-GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg/180px-GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg/240px-GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1364" data-file-height="1916" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Исак Нютон">Исак Нютон</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Архимед">Архимед</a> – открива основните принципи на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хидростатика">хидростатиката</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статика">статиката</a> и обяснението на принципа на работа на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Лост">лоста</a>. На Архимед се приписва и създаването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Архимедов винт">Архимедовия винт</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ибн ал-Хайтам">Ибн ал-Хайтам</a> – Баща на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">оптиката</a>, открил <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Отражение">отражението</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Пречупване на светлината">пречупването</a> на светлината.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Галилео Галилей">Галилео Галилей</a> – основоположник на съвременния <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Научен метод">научен метод</a>. Сред неговите постижения са подобрения на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Телескоп">телескопа</a>, свързаните с тях астрономически наблюдения и публичната защита на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Хелиоцентрична система">хелиоцентричната система</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Исак Нютон">Исак Нютон</a> – основоположник на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Класическа механика">класическата механика</a>, със значителен принос в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">оптиката</a> и успоредно с <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86" title="Готфрид Лайбниц">Лайбниц</a> изобретил <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Математически анализ">математическия анализ</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Джеймс Кларк Максуел">Джеймс Кларк Максуел</a> – Формулира единна <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромагнетизъм">теория</a>, в която обединява необвързаните дотогава наблюдения, уравнения и експерименти в областта на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Електричество">електричеството</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Магнетизъм">магнетизма</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">оптиката</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Уравнения на Максуел">Уравненията на Максуел</a> показват, че електричеството, магнетизмът и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Светлина">светлината</a> са прояви на едно и също явление: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Електромагнитно поле">електромагнитното поле</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Алберт Айнщайн">Алберт Айнщайн</a> – смятан за един от най-влиятелните и известни учени и интелектуалци на XX век. Развива <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Специална теория на относителността">специалната</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Обща теория на относителността">общата</a> теории на относителността и доказва съществуването на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">атомите</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Нилс Бор">Нилс Бор</a> – един от създателите на съвременната физика, със значителен принос към теорията за структурата на атома и към <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">квантовата механика</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Роберт Опенхаймер">Роберт Опенхаймер</a> – „Баща на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Атомна бомба">атомната бомба</a>.“</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ричард Файнман">Ричард Файнман</a> – Разширява значително теорията на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова електродинамика">квантовата електродинамика</a>, създава <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Диаграма на Файнман">диаграма на Файнман</a> за описание на взаимодействията в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Квантова теория на полето">квантовата теория на полето</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Стивън Хокинг">Стивън Хокинг</a> – допринася съществено за развитието на теорията за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Черна дупка">черните дупки</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Космология">космологията</a> и квантовата механика, известен популяризатор на науката.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Основни_теории_във_физиката"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D1.8A.D0.B2_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0"></span>Основни теории във физиката</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Редактиране на раздел: Основни теории във физиката" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Основни теории във физиката"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Теория</th> <th>Основни раздели и понятия</th> <th>Кратко описание </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Класическа механика">Класическа механика</a> </th> <td><i>раздели</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Закони на Нютон">Закони на Нютон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B6" title="Механика на Лагранж">Механика на Лагранж</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хамилтонова механика">Хамилтонова механика</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Теория на хаоса">Теория на хаоса</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хидродинамика">Хидродинамика</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Механика на непрекъснатите среди">Механика на непрекъснатите среди</a> <p><i>понятия</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Разстояние">Разстояние</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Пространство">Пространство</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Време">Време</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Движение">Движение</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Дължина">Дължина</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Скорост">Скорост</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Маса">Маса</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Импулс (механика)">Импулс</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Момент на импулса">Момент на импулса</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сила">Сила</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Енергия">Енергия</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Момент на сила">Момент на сила</a> – Закони за запазване – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Хармоничен осцилатор">Хармоничен осцилатор</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вълна">Вълна</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Период">Период</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Механична работа">Механична работа</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Мощност">Мощност</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Симетрия">Симетрия</a> </p> </td> <td>Класическата механика е един от подразделите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Механика">механиката</a>, която от своя страна е раздел на физиката и описва движението на телата и силите, които го причиняват. Другите три подраздела са <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Небесна механика">небесна механика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">квантова механика</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Релативистка механика (страницата не съществува)">релативистка механика</a>. Терминът „класическа“ има за цел разграничение от модерните теории от XX век – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">квантова механика</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теория на относителността">теория на относителността</a>. Нуждата от тях възниква при описанието на обекти, които са извън ежедневието (поне исторически, в днешно време много от модерните технологии се основават на принципите на квантовата механика). Класическата механика възниква с формулирането на математическите методи на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диференциално смятане (страницата не съществува)">диференциалното</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Интеграл">интегралното</a> смятане, чиито основоположници са <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Исак Нютон">Исак Нютон</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86" title="Готфрид Лайбниц">Готфрид Лайбниц</a>. <p>Класическата механика се дели на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Статика">статика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Динамика">динамика</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кинематика">кинематика</a>. Статиката изучава <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Механично равновесие">равновесието</a> на телата, кинематиката – <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Движение">движението</a>, а динамиката – причините за движението или равновесието на тялото. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромагнетизъм">Електромагнетизъм</a> </th> <td><i>раздели</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електростатика">Електростатика</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Електричество">Електричество</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Магнетизъм">Магнетизъм</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Уравнения на Максуел">Уравнения на Максуел</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">Оптика</a> <p><i>понятия</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Електрически заряд">Електрически заряд</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Електрическо напрежение">Електрическо напрежение</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Електрически ток">Електрически ток</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Електрическо поле">Електрическо поле</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Магнитно поле">Магнитно поле</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Електромагнитно поле">Електромагнитно поле</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Електромагнитно излъчване">Електромагнитно излъчване</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%85%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Свръхпроводимост">Свръхпроводимост</a> </p> </td> <td>Електромагнетизмът е дял от физиката, чийто обект на изследване е <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Електромагнитно поле">електромагнитното поле</a>: това е <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Поле (физика)">полето</a>, обхващащо цялото <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Пространство">пространство</a> около <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Елементарна частица">частици</a>, притежаващи <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Електричен заряд">електричен заряд</a>, което упражнява <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сила">сила</a> върху тях и на свой ред се влияе от присъствието и движението на такива частици. Теорията на електромагнетизма разглежда редица електромагнитни явления, сред които могат да се обособят <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електростатика">електростатика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Магнитостатика">магнитостатика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електродинамика">електродинамика</a>, електрически вериги и други. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Термодинамика">Термодинамика</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Статистическа физика">Статистическа физика</a> </th> <td valign="top"><i>раздели</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Топлинна машина">Топлинна машина</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Молекулно-кинетична теория (страницата не съществува)">Молекулно-кинетична теория</a> <p><i>понятия</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Температура">Температура</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Налягане">Налягане</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Константа на Болцман">Константа на Болцман</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ентропия">Ентропия</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Свободна енергия на Гибс">Свободна енергия</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Термодинамично равновесие">Термодинамично равновесие</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Статистическа сума">Статистическа сума</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Микроканонично разпределение (страницата не съществува)">Микроканонично разпределение</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Голямо канонично разпределение (страницата не съществува)">Голямо канонично разпределение</a> </p> </td> <td>Термодинамиката (от <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гърция">гръцки</a>: <i>θέρμη</i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Топлина">топлина</a> и <i>δύναμις</i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Сила">сила</a>; буквално може да се преведе като топлосила) е раздел от физиката, занимаващ се с топлинните процеси протичащи в телата, следствие промяната на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Температура">температура</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Обем">обем</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Налягане">налягане</a>. Термодинамиката се дели на класическа, статистическа и химическа и в основата и са законите на термодинамиката – постулати, които постановяват, че енергия може да се обменя между системите във формата на работа или топлина. Те също така постулират съществуването на физична величина, наречена ентропия, която е напълно определена за всяка изолирана система в термодинамично равновесие. Общо казано, термодинамиката описва как отделни системи реагират на промени в околната среда. <p>Статистическата механика описва взаимодействията между голям брой частици (най-често от порядъка на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Число на Авогадро">числото на Авогадро</a>) и свърза свойствата на елементарните частици с тези на макроскопичните обекти и свойства на материалите, както се наблюдават във всекидневния живот. Познатата ни <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Термодинамика">термодинамика</a> намира своята обосновка в рамките на статистическата физика. Главното предимство на статистическата механика пред термодинамиката е способността на статистическата механика да обясни свойствата на веществата на базата на теорията за взаимодействията между съставляващите ги частици. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">Квантова механика</a> </th> <td><i>раздели</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Уравнение на Шрьодингер">Уравнение на Шрьодингер</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Интеграл на Файнман (страницата не съществува)">Интеграл на Файнман</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Квантова теория на полето">Квантова теория на полето</a> <p><i>понятия</i>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хамилтониан (квантова механика) (страницата не съществува)">Хамилтониан</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8A%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тъждествени частици (страницата не съществува)">Тъждествени частици</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Константа на Планк">Константа на Планк</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_(%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Измерение (квантова механика) (страницата не съществува)">Измерение</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Квантов осцилатор (страницата не съществува)">Квантов осцилатор</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Вълнова функция">Вълнова функция</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Енергия на нулевата точка">Енергия на нулевата точка</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пренормиране (страницата не съществува)">Пренормиране</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Материя (физика)">Материя</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Антиматерия">Антиматерия</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Елементарна частица">Елементарни частици</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бозон">Бозон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фермион">Фермион</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Квантово число">Квантово число</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Квантово тунелиране">Квантово тунелиране</a> </p> </td> <td>Квантовата механика е фундаментална физична теория, описваща поведението на микроскопичните частици. При тях тя замества класическата механика на Нютон и теорията на електромагнетизма, защото те не обясняват адекватно наблюдаваните явления на атомно и субатомно ниво. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теория на относителността">Теория на относителността</a> </th> <td><i>раздели</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Специална теория на относителността">Специална теория на относителността</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Обща теория на относителността">Обща теория на относителността</a> <p><i>понятия</i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Принцип на относителността">Принцип на относителността</a> – <a href="/wiki/4-%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="4-вектор">4-вектор</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Отправна система">Отправна система</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Пространство-време">Пространство-време</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Релативистична Маса (страницата не съществува)">Релативистична Маса</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Скорост на светлината">Скорост на светлината</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Черна дупка">Черна дупка</a> </p> </td> <td>Теория на относителността е събирателен термин, който се отнася за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Специална теория на относителността">специалната</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Обща теория на относителността">общата</a> теории на относителността на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Алберт Айнщайн">Алберт Айнщайн</a>. Също така понятието може да се отнася за <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Галилеева относителност (страницата не съществува)">галилеевото</a> разбиране за относителност. СТО е теория за структурата на пространство-времето. За пръв път е въведена през 1905 от Айнщайн в статията му „За електродинамиката на движещите се тела“. ОТО е теория на гравитацията, развита от Айнщайн между 1907 и 1915 г. В основата ѝ е <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Принцип на еквивалентност">принципът на еквивалентността</a>, според който състоянието на тяло в покой, намиращо се в определено гравитационно поле се описва по еднакъв начин като ускорително движение на същото тяло, без наличие на гравитационно поле. През 1915 г. Айнщайн предлага идеята за изкривено <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Пространство-време">пространство-време</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Предложени_теории"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B6.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B8"></span>Предложени теории</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Редактиране на раздел: Предложени теории" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Предложени теории"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Теория на всичко (страницата не съществува)">Теория на всичко</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Други_теории"><span id=".D0.94.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.B8_.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B8"></span>Други теории</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Редактиране на раздел: Други теории" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Други теории"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Термоядрен синтез">Термоядрен синтез</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Фундаментални_взаимодействия"><span id=".D0.A4.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.B9.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Фундаментални взаимодействия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Редактиране на раздел: Фундаментални взаимодействия" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Фундаментални взаимодействия"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Гравитационно взаимодействие">Гравитационно взаимодействие</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Електромагнитно взаимодействие">Електромагнитно взаимодействие</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Слабо ядрено взаимодействие">Слабо ядрено взаимодействие</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Силно ядрено взаимодействие">Силно ядрено взаимодействие</a> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_(Retouched).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_%28Retouched%29.jpg/220px-STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_%28Retouched%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_%28Retouched%29.jpg/330px-STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_%28Retouched%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_%28Retouched%29.jpg/440px-STS41B-35-1613_-_Bruce_McCandless_II_during_EVA_%28Retouched%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5256" data-file-height="5420" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Астронавт">Астронавтът</a> е в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Свободно падане">свободно падане</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Строеж_на_материята"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.82.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B5.D0.B6_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F.D1.82.D0.B0"></span>Строеж на материята</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Редактиране на раздел: Строеж на материята" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Строеж на материята"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Атом">Атом</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Протон">Протон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Неутрон">Неутрон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрон">Електрон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк">Кварк</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фотон">Фотон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Глуон">Глуон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гравитон">Гравитон</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Неутрино">Неутрино</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фонон">Фонон</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ротон (страницата не съществува)">Ротон</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Раздели_на_физиката"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0"></span>Раздели на физиката</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Редактиране на раздел: Раздели на физиката" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Раздели на физиката"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Съвременните изследвания по физика са разделени на няколко подобласти, които изучават различни аспекти на материалния свят: </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физика на кондензираната материя">Физика на кондензираната материя</a></b> – най-голямата от тях, разглежда свойствата на твърдите тела и течностите, обусловени от техния състав на молекулярно и атомно ниво. Подобласти: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Физика на твърдото тяло">Физика на твърдото тяло</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Физика на материалите (страницата не съществува)">Физика на материалите</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полимерна физика (страницата не съществува)">Полимерна физика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Криогеника">Криогеника</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Атомна и молекулна физика и оптика">Атомната и молекулна физика и оптика</a></b> изучава поведението на индивидуалните атоми и молекули и как те поглъщат и изпускат енергия и светлина. Подобласти: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Молекулна физика">Молекулна физика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Атомна физика">Атомна физика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">Оптика</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Физика на елементарните частици">Физиката на елементарните частици</a></b>, известна още и като <b>Физика на високите енергии</b> изучава свойствата на частиците, по-малки от атома. Подобласти: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Физика на ускорителите (страницата не съществува)">Физика на ускорителите</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ядрена физика">Ядрена физика</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астрофизика">Астрофизиката</a></b> прилага физическите закони за обяснение на астрономически явления и изследва Вселената като цяло. Подобласти: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Космология">Космология</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Физика на плазмата (страницата не съществува)">Физика на плазмата</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Отношение_към_математиката_и_другите_науки"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.88.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D0.BA.D1.8A.D0.BC_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.B8_.D0.B4.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5_.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.83.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Отношение към математиката и другите науки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Редактиране на раздел: Отношение към математиката и другите науки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Отношение към математиката и другите науки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Математиката е широко прилагана във физиката и може да се каже, че тя е нейният „език“. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Математическа физика">Математическата физика</a> прилага математически методи за решаване на физични проблеми и формулиране на физични теории. </p><p>Има много научни области, които са на границата на физиката с други дисциплини. Например широкото поле на биофизиката изследва каква роля играят физическите закони в биологичните системи, а квантовата химия изучава химическото поведение на атомите и молекулите от гледна точка на квантовата механика. Ето някои такива области: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Акустика">Акустика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Агрофизика">Агрофизика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">Астрономия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биофизика">Биофизика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геофизика">Геофизика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електроника">Електроника</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Математическа физика">Математическа физика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Материалознание">Материалознание</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Медицинска физика">Медицинска физика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Квантова химия">Квантова химия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Техника">Техника</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физикохимия">Физикохимия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Физика на атмосферата">Физика на атмосферата</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Физика_и_религия"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.B8_.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Физика и религия</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Редактиране на раздел: Физика и религия" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Физика и религия"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg/220px-Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg/330px-Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg/440px-Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1248" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>Изучаване на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">астрономия</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геометрия">геометрия</a>, XV век, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Франция">Франция</a></figcaption></figure> <p>В историята често се случва така, че получените резултати във физиката и астрономията, както и в някои други науки, влизат в конфликт с някои политически или държавни органи, както и с обществени или <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Религия">религиозни</a> организации и институции. Последните боравят с набор от убеждения и вярвания, които дават някаква представа за света и законите на Вселената, но в крайно <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Догма">догматична</a> форма. </p><p>Конфликтите между религията и науката започват ясно да се проявяват през XVII век със спора между Птолемеевата и Коперниковата представа за Слънчевата система и след това със съдебния процес над Галилей през <a href="/wiki/1633" title="1633">1633</a> година. Галилей избягва осъждане, като на думи се отрича от убежденията си, но в действителност продължава да вярва, че полският астроном <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Николай Коперник">Николай Коперник</a> е прав. Църквата приема <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Хелиоцентрична система">хелиоцентричната система</a> едва през 1757 година.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Tiffany_Education_(center).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiffany_Education_%28center%29.JPG/220px-Tiffany_Education_%28center%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiffany_Education_%28center%29.JPG/330px-Tiffany_Education_%28center%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tiffany_Education_%28center%29.JPG/440px-Tiffany_Education_%28center%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2028" data-file-height="1372" /></a><figcaption>Хармония между наука и религия – <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Витраж">витраж</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Луис Комфорт Тифани">Луис Комфорт Тифани</a> (1890 г.) в <a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Йейлски университет">университета в Йейл</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Много от пионерите на науката в Европа се научават на предпазливо отношение към властите. Те си дават сметка, че могат да попаднат под ударите на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Инквизиция">Инквизицията</a>. Едно от предизвикателствата е това, че някои пасажи от <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Библия">Библията</a>, например за Бог като цар на Вселената, са написани по твърде неясен начин и могат да се тълкуват различно. Ако се тълкуват буквално, влизат в директно противоречие с предложените физични теории на Галилей, Кеплер и Нютон.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Така например <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Джордано Бруно">Джордано Бруно</a>, бивш <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Доминикански орден">доминикански</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Монах">монах</a>, който отказва да се отрече от твърдението си, че Вселената е безкрайна и поддържа теорията на Коперник, е изгорен на клада от Инквизицията през <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a> година в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Рим">Рим</a>. </p><p>Ситуацията започна да се изяснява отчасти през XIX век, наречен векът на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Атеизъм">атеизма</a>, особено след <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Френска революция">Френската революция</a>, поради реорганизирането и оформянето на граждански и християнски организации. Осъществява се призив за завръщане към оригиналните текстове на Библията, написани на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Иврит">иврит</a> и на <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Гръцки">гръцки</a>, както и за определяне на правила за тълкуване, така че да не се приема буквалното им значение. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Бележки"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Бележки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Редактиране на раздел: Бележки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Бележки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Novum Organum</i> (1620) на Франсис Бейкън е критична към развиването на научния метод.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Лекции на Файнман върху физиката. Том I.</i> Feynman, Leighton и Sands. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0201021153" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-201-02115-3</a>. Виж Глава 3: „Отношение на физиката към другите науки“ („The Relation of Physics to Other Sciences“) за обща дискусия. За философската тема – дали другите науки следва да бъдат „редуцирани“ до физиката, виж <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Редукционизъм">редукционизъм</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Специални науки">специални науки</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Някои принципи като Нютоновите закони за движение са все още наричани „закони“, дори и днес да е известно, че са частни случаи на по-нови теории. За това например Томас Броди, <i>Философията зад физиката</i> (Thomas Brody, 1993, Luis de la Peña and Peter Hodgson, eds.,<i> The Philosophy Behind Physics</i> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0387559140" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-387-55914-0</a>), стр. 18 – 24 (Глава 2), обяснява 'епистемологичния цикъл', в който студент по физика открива, че физиката не е краен и завършен продукт, но вместо това е процес на създаване [на този продукт].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Виж например за влиянието на <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Имануел Кант">Имануел Кант</a> и Йохан Вилхем Ритер върху <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Ханс Кристиан Оерстед">Оерстед</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Концепции, които са първоначално означени като хипотетични, могат да се променят с времето. Например атомът през XIX век е бил омаловажаван от някои автори, включително критиката на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ернст Мах">Ернст Мах</a> на формулировката на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Лудвиг Болцман">Лудвиг Болцман</a> за статистическата механика. В края на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Втората световна война">Втората световна война</a> атомът вече не е смятат за хипотетичен.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg2006" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Rosenberg, Alex. Philosophy of Science.  Routledge, 2006. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0415343178" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-34317-8</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite> Вж Глава 1 за дискусия върху необходимостта от философия на науката.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> Peter Godfrey-Smith (2003), Глава 14 „Bayesianism and Modern Theories of Evidence“ <i>Theory and Reality: an introduction to the philosophy of science</i> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0226300633" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-30063-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> Peter Godfrey-Smith (2003), Глава 15 „Empiricism, Naturalism, and Scientific Realism?“ <i>Theory and Reality: an introduction to the philosophy of science</i> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0226300633" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-30063-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Вж <span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> Laplace, Pierre Simon, <i>A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities</i>, превод на английски от 6-ото френско издание от Frederick Wilson Truscott, Frederick Lincoln Emory, Dover Publications (New York, 1951)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Вж Интерпретация на квантовата механика – <span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> „The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics“ Ox Bow Press (1995) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/1881987094" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-881987-09-4</a>. и „My View of the World“ Ox Bow Press (1983) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0918024307" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-918024-30-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> Stephen Hawking, Roger Penrose (1996), <i>The Nature of Space and Time</i> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0691050848" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-691-05084-8</a> p.4 „Мисля, че Роджър е платоник в сърцето си, но все пак той трябва да отговаря за себе си.“</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> Roger Penrose, <i>The Road to Reality</i> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0679454438" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-679-45443-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPenrose1997" class="book" style="font-style:normal">Penrose, Roger et al. The Large, the Small and the Human Mind.  Cambridge University Press, 1997. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/0521785723" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-78572-3</a>.<span class="cite-lang"> <small style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(на английски)</small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eminent scientists, Published by scholastic India pvt. Ltd.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mostholyfamilymonastery.com/Geocentrism.pdf">Examining the Theological Status of Geocentrism and Heliocentrism and the Devastating Problems this creates for Baptism of Desire Arguments</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723145423/http://www.mostholyfamilymonastery.com/Geocentrism.pdf">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2011-07-23 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>Bro. Peter Dimond, O.S.B.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=2237&C=2068">Religion in an Age of Science</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070425224032/http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=2237&C=2068">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2007-04-25 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>Ian Barbour</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Вижте_също"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B6.D1.82.D0.B5_.D1.81.D1.8A.D1.89.D0.BE"></span>Вижте също</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Редактиране на раздел: Вижте също" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Вижте също"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Общи</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="История на физиката">История на физиката</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Философия на физиката">Философия на физиката</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB)" title="Физика (Аристотел)">Физика (Аристотел)</a> – ранна книга върху физиката, която се опитва да анализира и дефинира движението от философска гледна точка</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда за физика">Нобелова награда за физика</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Свързани науки</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">Астрономия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия">Химия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Инженеринг">Инженеринг</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Математика">Математика</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">Квантова механика</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Интердисциплинарни области</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биофизика">Биофизика</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Иконофизика">Иконофизика</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геофизика">Геофизика</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Неврофизика">Неврофизика</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Психофизика">Психофизика</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Външни_препратки"><span id=".D0.92.D1.8A.D0.BD.D1.88.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Външни препратки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Редактиране на раздел: Външни препратки" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Външни препратки"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint plainlinks" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 2px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; padding-left: 5px; padding-top:5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Общомедия"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption>Общомедия</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left:40px;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a> разполага с мултимедийно съдържание за <div class="interProject"><i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Physics?uselang=bg">Физика</a></b></i>.</div> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wop.cointech.net/">Списание „Светът на Физиката“</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218185636/http://wop.cointech.net/">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2010-02-18 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wop.cointech.net/bg/archive.php">pdf архив 1991 – сега</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218185642/http://wop.cointech.net/bg/archive.php">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2010-02-18 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.inrne.bas.bg/wop/archive_bg.html">html архив 2000 – сега</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110823232517/http://old.inrne.bas.bg/wop/archive_bg.html">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2011-08-23 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.)</li> <li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На руски език"><b>(</b>(ru)<b>)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physicum.narod.ru/">Онлайн физична енциклопедия</a> в <a href="/wiki/Pdf" class="mw-redirect" title="Pdf">pdf</a> формат</li> <li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12047a.htm">История на физиката</a></li> <li><span style="color:blue; font-size:0.8em; cursor:help;" title="На английски език"><b>(</b>(en)<b>)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dmoz.org/World/Bulgarian/Наука/Физика/">Сайтове за физика</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170314093559/http://www.dmoz.org/World/Bulgarian/Наука/Физика/">Архив на оригинала от</a> 2017-03-14 в <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portal" class="bandeau-portal"><li><span class="bandeau-portal-element"><span class="bandeau-portal-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Портал:Физика"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Logo_physics.svg/24px-Logo_physics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Logo_physics.svg/36px-Logo_physics.svg.png 1.5x, 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transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%3A%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1"><abbr title="Беседа на шаблона (страницата не съществува)" style="color:#ba0000;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">б</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit"><abbr title="Редактиране на шаблона" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"> Четирите <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Фундаментални взаимодействия">фундаментални взаимодействия</a> във физиката</div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Силно взаимодействие">Силно взаимодействие</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="Слабо взаимодействие">Слабо взаимодействие</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Електромагнетизъм">Електромагнетизъм</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гравитация">Гравитация</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Шаблон:Физика раздели"><abbr title="Преглед на шаблона" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%3A%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1"><abbr title="Беседа на шаблона (страницата не съществува)" style="color:#ba0000;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">б</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit"><abbr title="Редактиране на шаблона" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"> Раздели на <a class="mw-selflink selflink">физиката</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Акустика">Акустика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">Астрономия</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астрофизика">Астрофизика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Атмосферна физика">Атмосферна физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0,_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Атомна, молекулярна и оптична физика">Атомна, молекулярна и оптична физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биофизика">Биофизика</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Медицинска физика">Медицинска физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Неврофизика">Неврофизика</a></small>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Геофизика">Геофизика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електродинамика">Електродинамика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Квантова теория на полето">Квантова теория на полето</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова физика">Квантова физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Математическа физика">Математическа физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Механика">Механика</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Класическа механика">Класическа механика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Механика на непрекъснатите среди">Механика на непрекъснатите среди</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова механика">Квантова механика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Механика на флуидите">Механика на флуидите</a></small>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Нелинейна динамика">Нелинейна динамика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Оптика">Оптика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Специална теория на относителността">Специална</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Обща теория на относителността">обща теория</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теория на относителността">относителността</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Статистическа физика">Статистическа физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Термодинамика">Термодинамика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Физика на елементарните частици">Физика на елементарните частици</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Физика на твърдото тяло">Физика на твърдото тяло</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физика на кондензираната материя">Физика на кондензираната материя</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физикохимия">Физикохимия</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ядрена физика">Ядрена физика</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Експериментална физика">Експериментална физика</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Теоретична физика">Теоретична физика</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Шаблон:Природни науки"><abbr title="Преглед на шаблона" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%3A%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1"><abbr title="Беседа на шаблона (страницата не съществува)" style="color:#ba0000;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">б</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit"><abbr title="Редактиране на шаблона" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"> Основни раздели на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Природни науки">природните науки</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">Астрономия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Биология">Биология</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия">Химия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Науки за Земята">Науки за Земята</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Екология">Екология</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Физика</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="2" style="clear:both; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit; border:1px dotted var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding:.3em; margin-top:.8em; margin-bottom:.5em; font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="90px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Криейтив Комънс"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/60px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/90px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg/120px-CC_BY-SA_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%9D%D0%A3" title="Лиценз за свободна документация на ГНУ"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/20px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/30px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/40px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="523" /></a></span> </td> <td style="font-style:italic">Тази страница частично или изцяло представлява <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Уикипедия:Превод">превод</a> на страницата <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Permalink/337041564" class="extiw" title="en:Special:Permalink/337041564">Physics</a> в Уикипедия на английски. Оригиналният текст, както и този превод, са защитени от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Криейтив Комънс">Лиценза „Криейтив Комънс – Признание – Споделяне на споделеното“</a>, а за съдържание, създадено преди юни 2009 година – от <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%9D%D0%A3" title="Лиценз за свободна документация на ГНУ">Лиценза за свободна документация на ГНУ</a>. Прегледайте <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Physics" class="extiw" title="en:Special:PageHistory/Physics">историята на редакциите</a> на оригиналната страница, както и на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:PageHistory/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Специални:PageHistory/Физика">преводната страница</a>, за да видите списъка на съавторите.  <p><b>ВАЖНО:</b> Този шаблон се отнася единствено до <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3:%D0%90%D0%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="У:АП">авторските права</a> върху съдържанието на статията. Добавянето му не отменя изискването да се посочват <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3:%D0%A6%D0%98" class="mw-redirect" title="У:ЦИ">конкретни източници на твърденията</a>, които да бъдат <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3:%D0%91%D0%98" class="mw-redirect" title="У:БИ">благонадеждни</a>. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Физика&oldid=12346220">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Физика&oldid=12346220</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категория</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Категория:Физика">Физика</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скрити категории: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_Webarchive_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_Wayback_Machine" title="Категория:Шаблон Webarchive с препратки към Wayback Machine">Шаблон Webarchive с препратки към Wayback Machine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Категория:Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN">Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Категория:Добри статии на арабски">Добри статии на арабски</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Категория:Избрани статии на албански">Избрани статии на албански</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Категория:Добри статии на испански">Добри статии на испански</a></li><li><a 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