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</div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=shn.wikipedia.org&uselang=shn" class=""><span>လူႇတၢၼ်း</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8:%E1%81%B5%E1%80%B1%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9E%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%A2%E1%81%B6%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89&returnto=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA" title="ၸဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇထုၵ်ႇပၼ်ႁႅင်း တွၼ်ႈတႃႇၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ဢၶွင်ႉလႄႈ လွၵ်ႉၶဝ်ႈ။ ႁူမ်ႈဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတႃႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈဝႃႈ ဢမ်ႇႁဵတ်းဢမ်ႇလႆႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။" class=""><span>ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဢၶွင်ႉ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%81%BD%E1%80%B0%E1%82%88%E1%81%B8%E1%82%82%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8&returnto=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA" title="ဢမ်ႇလွၵ်ႉဢိၼ်ႇၵေႃႈမူၼ်ႉမႄးလႆႈ ၵူၺ်း တိုၵ်းသူၼ်းႁႂ်ႈလွၵ်ႉဢိၼ်ႇ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>လွၵ်ႉၶဝ်ႈ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ၶိူင်ႈသုၼ်ႇလဵဝ်" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ၶိူင်ႈသုၼ်ႇလဵဝ်</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=shn.wikipedia.org&uselang=shn"><span>လူႇတၢၼ်း</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Contribute</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8:%E1%81%B5%E1%80%B1%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9E%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%A2%E1%81%B6%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89&returnto=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA" title="ၸဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇထုၵ်ႇပၼ်ႁႅင်း တွၼ်ႈတႃႇၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ဢၶွင်ႉလႄႈ လွၵ်ႉၶဝ်ႈ။ ႁူမ်ႈဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတႃႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈဝႃႈ ဢမ်ႇႁဵတ်းဢမ်ႇလႆႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဢၶွင်ႉ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%81%BD%E1%80%B0%E1%82%88%E1%81%B8%E1%82%82%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8&returnto=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA" title="ဢမ်ႇလွၵ်ႉဢိၼ်ႇၵေႃႈမူၼ်ႉမႄးလႆႈ ၵူၺ်း တိုၵ်းသူၼ်းႁႂ်ႈလွၵ်ႉဢိၼ်ႇ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>လွၵ်ႉၶဝ်ႈ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%81%B8%E1%80%BD%E1%82%86%E1%82%88%E1%80%91%E1%82%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%81%B5%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%81%B5%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%81%B6%E1%82%83%E1%82%88" title="လွင်ႈဢုပ်ႇဢူဝ်း ၵပ်းၵၢႆႇလွင်ႈမႄးထတ်း ၵႃႈတီႈ ႁဵင်းလိၵ်ႈဢၢႆႇၽီႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ဢုပ်ႇ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="လမ်းၼႂ်း" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">လမ်းၼႂ်း</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">သိူင်ႇ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">မိူဝ်ႈတႄႇမၼ်း</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ပၢႆးလိၼ်" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ပၢႆးလိၼ်"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ပၢႆးလိၼ်</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ပၢႆးလိၼ်-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ပိုၼ်း" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ပိုၼ်း"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ပိုၼ်း</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ပိုၼ်း-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ၵိင်ႇၽႄ_ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ၵိင်ႇၽႄ_ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>ၵိင်ႇၽႄ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ၵိင်ႇၽႄ_ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း_ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း_ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း_ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="လမ်းၼႂ်း" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ပၢႆးလႅင်ႊလိၼ်</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 188 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-188" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">188 ၽႃႇသႃႇ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%88%AC%E1%89%B5_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5_(%E1%8C%82%E1%8B%AE%E1%88%8E%E1%8C%82)" title="መሬት ጥናት (ጂዮሎጂ) – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መሬት ጥናት (ጂዮሎጂ)" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheoloch%C3%ADa" title="Cheolochía – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cheolochía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="भूविज्ञान – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="भूविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جيولوجيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيولوجيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جيولوجيا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جيولوجيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جيولوجيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيولوجيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeolox%C3%ADa" title="Xeoloxía – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xeoloxía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologiya" title="Geologiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Geologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C" title="ژئولوژی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ژئولوژی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geuoluog%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Geuoluogėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Geuoluogėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heolohiya" title="Heolohiya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Heolohiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Геалогія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геалогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Геалёгія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Геалёгія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="भूबिज्ञान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भूबिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jialoji" title="Jialoji – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Jialoji" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဘူမိဗေဒ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဘူမိဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="ভূতত্ত্ব – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভূতত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douarouriezh" title="Douarouriezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Douarouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologija" title="Geologija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Geologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AA-c%C3%A9k" title="Dê-cék – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dê-cék" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%95%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="زەویناسی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زەویناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolugia" title="Geolugia – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Geolugia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologiya" title="Geologiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Geologiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Геологи – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Геологи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daeareg" title="Daeareg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Daeareg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%B6%C3%B6ck%C3%A4t%C3%B6upiny" title="Piööckätöupiny – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Piööckätöupiny" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%AAolociye" title="Cêolociye – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cêolociye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Γεωλογία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεωλογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolog%C3%AE" title="Geologî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Geologî" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology" title="Geology – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Geology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologio" title="Geologio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Geologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolog%C3%ADa" title="Geología – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoloogia" title="Geoloogia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Geoloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="زمین‌شناسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زمین‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoloogia" title="Geoloogia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Geoloogia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jar%C3%B0fr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Jarðfrøði – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Jarðfrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9ologie" title="Géologie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Géologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C2%B7eologia" title="G·eologia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="G·eologia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologii" title="Geologii – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Geologii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjeologjie" title="Gjeologjie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Gjeologjie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology" title="Geology – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Geology" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geola%C3%ADocht" title="Geolaíocht – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Geolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9oloji" title="Jéoloji – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Jéoloji" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge%C3%B2las" title="Geòlas – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Geòlas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeolox%C3%ADa" title="Xeoloxía – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xeoloxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvyrekokuaa" title="Yvyrekokuaa – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvyrekokuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmin_duwatsu" title="Ilmin duwatsu – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ilmin duwatsu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huli_honua" title="Huli honua – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Huli honua" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="גאולוגיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גאולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="भूविज्ञान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भूविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology" title="Geology – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Geology" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologija" title="Geologija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Geologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewoloji" title="Jewoloji – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Jewoloji" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geol%C3%B3gia" title="Geológia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Geológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Երկրաբանություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկրաբանություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heolohia" title="Heolohia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Heolohia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologio" title="Geologio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Geologio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jar%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Jarðfræði – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jarðfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%A6" title="地質学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="地質学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaaloji" title="Jaaloji – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Jaaloji" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligytedyske" title="ligytedyske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="ligytedyske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9ologi" title="Géologi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Géologi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გეოლოგია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გეოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologiya" title="Geologiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Geologiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunarsualerineq" title="Nunarsualerineq – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Nunarsualerineq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="ធរណីវិទ្យា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ធរណីវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಭೂರಚನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭೂರಚನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%A7%88%ED%95%99" title="지질학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지질학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdnas%C3%AE" title="Erdnasî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Erdnasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dororieth" title="Dororieth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Dororieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeolojiya" title="Jeolojiya – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Jeolojiya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeolojia" title="Jeolojia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Jeolojia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geulugia" title="Geulugia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Geulugia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A9bi_mak%C9%9B%CC%81l%C9%9B" title="Zébi makɛ́lɛ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zébi makɛ́lɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BB%8D%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ທໍລະນີສາດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທໍລະນີສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologija" title="Geologija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Geologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A2eolo%C4%A3ija" title="Ģeoloģija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ģeoloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Геологиясь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Геологиясь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Je%C3%B4l%C3%B4jia" title="Jeôlôjia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jeôlôjia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Геологий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Геологий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81tai_aro_whenua" title="Tātai aro whenua – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tātai aro whenua" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Геологија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Геологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൂഗർഭശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൂഗർഭശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Геологи – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Геологи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भूशास्त्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भूशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0eolo%C4%A1ija" title="Ġeoloġija – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġeoloġija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဘူမိဗေဒ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘူမိဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%B1_%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7" title="زمین درست کر چیزها – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="زمین درست کر چیزها" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tl%C4%81lmatiliztli" title="Tlālmatiliztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlālmatiliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuloggia" title="Giuloggia – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Giuloggia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="भूविज्ञान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भूविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="भूगर्भशास्त्र – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भूगर्भशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9ologie" title="Géologie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Géologie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%27ooloojii" title="Ji'ooloojii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Ji'ooloojii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Геологи – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Геологи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਭੂ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭੂ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolodjie" title="Jolodjie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Jolodjie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiolojii" title="Jiolojii – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Jiolojii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolog%C3%ACa" title="Geologìa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Geologìa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AA" title="دھرتی پڑھت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دھرتی پڑھت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%81%D9%85%DA%A9%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="ځمکپېژندنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ځمکپېژندنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiksimuyu_yachay" title="Tiksimuyu yachay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tiksimuyu yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ґеолоґія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґеолоґія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="प्राचीनभूगर्भशास्त्रम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="प्राचीनभूगर्भशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giolugg%C3%ACa" title="Gioluggìa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gioluggìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology" title="Geology – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Geology" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ارضيات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ارضيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologija" title="Geologija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Geologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnakalt" title="Tasnakalt – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnakalt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%96%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="භූවේදය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="භූවේදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology" title="Geology – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Geology" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geol%C3%B3gia" title="Geológia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Geológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ارضیات – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ارضیات" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologija" title="Geologija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Geologija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruambachisi" title="Ruambachisi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ruambachisi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjeologjia" title="Gjeologjia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjeologjia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Геологија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Геологија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeoloji" title="Jeoloji – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Jeoloji" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologie" title="Geologie – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Geologie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9ologi" title="Géologi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Géologi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Geologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiolojia" title="Jiolojia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jiolojia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="நிலவியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிலவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಭೂವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಭೂವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Заминшиносӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Заминшиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="ธรณีวิทยา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธรณีวิทยา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologi%C3%BDa" title="Geologiýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Geologiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heolohiya" title="Heolohiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Heolohiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologij%C9%99" title="Geologijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Geologijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeoloji" title="Jeoloji – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jeoloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Геология" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%90%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="گېئولوگىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گېئولوگىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Геологія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Геологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ارضیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ارضیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologiya" title="Geologiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Geologiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeo%C5%82ozia" title="Zeołozia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Zeołozia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologii" title="Geologii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Geologii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Ba_ch%E1%BA%A5t_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Địa chất học – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Địa chất học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talav" title="Talav – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Talav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djeyolodjeye" title="Djeyolodjeye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djeyolodjeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heolohiya" title="Heolohiya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Heolohiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%B8" title="地質學 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="地質學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJioloji" title="IJioloji – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IJioloji" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გეოლოგია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გეოლოგია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A2" title="געאלאגיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="געאלאגיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" title="地质学 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地质学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/1875_Dumont%27s_geological_map_of_Europe.jpg/220px-1875_Dumont%27s_geological_map_of_Europe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/1875_Dumont%27s_geological_map_of_Europe.jpg/330px-1875_Dumont%27s_geological_map_of_Europe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/1875_Dumont%27s_geological_map_of_Europe.jpg/440px-1875_Dumont%27s_geological_map_of_Europe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4277" data-file-height="3674" /></a><figcaption>ႁၢင်ႈၽႅၼ်ႇလိၼ် မိူင်းယူးရူပ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1875 Dumont's geological map of Europe</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E1%81%BE%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%82%87:Rock_cycle.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rock_cycle.gif/220px-Rock_cycle.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rock_cycle.gif/330px-Rock_cycle.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rock_cycle.gif/440px-Rock_cycle.gif 2x" data-file-width="642" data-file-height="658" /></a><figcaption>Rock cycle တူင်ႇဝူင်းႁိၼ်</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ပၢႆးလိၼ်"><span id=".E1.80.95.E1.81.A2.E1.82.86.E1.80.B8.E1.80.9C.E1.80.AD.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA"></span>ပၢႆးလိၼ်</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&veaction=edit&section=1" title="မႄးထတ်း တွၼ်ႈ :ပၢႆးလိၼ်" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>မႄးထတ်း</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: ပၢႆးလိၼ်"><span>မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၼႆႉ ၵႂၢမ်းဢဵင်းၵလဵတ်ႈၶဝ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ( Geology သေ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်း ၵရိၵ်ႉ γη, gê, "earth"; and λόγος, logos, "speech" lit မႃးသေ မီးတီႈပွင်ႇဝႃႈ လၢတ်ႈလွင်ႈလိၼ်) ၼႆလႄႈ ပဵၼ်တၢင်းမေႃပၢႆးသၢႆႊ ဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၶူဝ်းႁႄႈဢွၵ်ႇၼႂ်းလိၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢႆးလိၼ် ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻၼႆႉ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း မၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ်၊ လိၼ်၊ ၵႅဝ်ႈသႅင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၶဝ်ႈပႃးသင်လၢႆလၢႆ ပိူင်ၽၢင်ၶဝ် မီးၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်၊ သၽေႃးရုပ်ႈၶဝ် မီးၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်၊ ပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ် လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းပႃး ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလူင် ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ် ၵေႃႇၶပ်ႉၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်၊ ပႃးထၢတ်ႈသင်၊ ႁႅင်းလိၼ် မီးၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်၊ လွင်ႈတူင်ႉၼိုင် မီးၼင်ႇႁိုဝ် ပိုၼ်းမၼ်း မီးၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၼႆႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်တၢင်းမေႃပၢႆးသၢႆႊ ဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၵဝိပၢႆးလိၼ်ၶဝ်တႄႉ လၢမ်းဝႆႉဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလူင်ၼႆႉ ဢႃႇယုမၼ်း မီးမႃး ပီႁူဝ်ႁဵင် 4.6 လၢၼ်ႉသေ ပိူၵ်ႇၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ၸၼ်ႉမၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢဝ် tectonic plates ၽွတ်ႈပဵၼ်ဝႆႉသေ သမ်ႉမေႃၶၢႆႉၼိုင်ယဝ်ႉ။ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပၢႆးလိၼ် ၽူႇမိၿေႇတၶဝ် ၶူၼ်ႉဢွၵ်ႇႁႃ ၼမ်ႉမဵၼ်၊ ထၢၼ်ႇႁိၼ်၊ လဵၵ်း၊ တွင်းလႅင်၊ ယူႇရေႇၼီႇရမ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတမ်ႈတီႈ ၼႂ်းလိၼ်ယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ႁႃၸဵမ် သႅင်၊ ႁိၼ်ၶၢဝ်၊ ႁိၼ်ၽုၺ်ႈ (Perlite)၊ ၽူဝ်ႉၸၽဵၵ်ႉၸ် (Phosphates)၊ ၸီႇယူဝ်ႇလၢႆႉ (Zeolites)၊ လိၼ်ၼဵဝ်၊ ႁိၼ်သႂ် ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် တူၺ်းၼႃႈလိၼ် တႃႇတေၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လမ်ႇလွင်ႈတႄႉတႄႉ။ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇတၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တၢင်းမေႃ ၶိုၵ်ႉလိုၵ်ႉလူင်ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈသေ ဢမ်ႇၵႃး တႃႇတေႁဵတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ ႁၢႆႇထရူဝ်ႇၶႃႇပုၼ်ႇ၊ ႁဵၵ်ႇ လဵၵ်း တွင်း၊ တႃႇတေလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၽေးၶဵၼ်သၽႃႇဝ ဢၼ်ထွၵ်ႇၶၢႆႉလၢႆႈ၊ တႃႇတေလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း တၢင်းမေႃပၢႆးၸၢၵ်ႈၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈ၊ တႃတေပႂ်ႉတူၺ်း လွင်ႈလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ ရႃႇသီႇဢုတု၊ တႃႇတေပႂ်ႉတႅၵ်ႈတူၺ်း ရႃႇသီႇဢုတႇ တီႈၸိၵ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇပႃႇမူၺ် လႄႈ သၽႃႇဝႁိမ်းႁွမ်း ပဵၼ်ႁိုဝ်မီးႁိုဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်ႈပႃးလႄႈ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၼႆႉ လမ်ႇလွင်ႈယူႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၶဝ်ႈပႃးထႅင်ႈ ပႂ်ႉတူၺ်း ၼမ်ႉယႂ်ႇၼမ်ႉၼွင်း၊ လွႆၾႆးတႅၵ်ႇ၊ ဢိင်ႇသၼ်ႇ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ၼမ်ႉမဵၼ်ၵႅဝ်ႈသႅင် ဢၼ်ဢွၵ်ႇၼႂ်းလိၼ်လူးၵွၼ်ႇ။ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ပိုၼ်း"><span id=".E1.80.95.E1.80.AD.E1.80.AF.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA.E1.80.B8"></span>ပိုၼ်း</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&veaction=edit&section=2" title="မႄးထတ်း တွၼ်ႈ :ပိုၼ်း" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>မႄးထတ်း</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: ပိုၼ်း"><span>မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>တပႄး ဢရိတ်ႉၸ်ထူဝ်ႇထႄႇ Aristotle ဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ႀီဢူဝ်ၽရေးၸ်ထၢတ်ႉၸ် Theophrastus တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပပ်ႉဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ ၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ Peri Linhon (ၼိူဝ်မၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ်) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ပပ်ႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၽၢႆႇပၢႆးလိၼ်သေ ႁူမ်ႇလူမ်ႈပိူၼ်ႈမႃး ဢၢၼ်ႇႁူဝ်ႁဵင်ပီမၼ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပပ်ႉဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ငဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် ၽႃႇသႃႇၵရိၵ်ႉသေ ပိူၼ်ႈၶိုၼ်း ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ် လိၵ်ႈၽၢႆႇလႅတ်ႉထိၼ်ႇ လႄႈ လိၵ်ႈတၢင်ႇမဵဝ်း တင်းၼမ်။ ပပ်ႉဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉ လွင်ႈႁိၼ်သၢၵ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၵိုတ်းဝႆႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ပဵၼ်ႀီဢူဝ်ႇရီႇ ဢၼ်ပိူၼ်ႈသိုပ်ႇ ယိပ်းၵမ်မႃး တင်းႁိုင် တေႃႇထိုင်ပၢၼ်ၵၢင်ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ရေႃးမၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ Pliny The Elder ၽူႈယႂ်ႇပလိၼ်ႇၼီႇ ယၢမ်ႈႁေႃးလၢတ်ႈမႃး လွင်ႈၶူဝ်းႁႄႈတင်းၼမ်ယူႇ။ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ၵူၼ်းၵေႃႉဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း သႅင်ပတ်း (ပယိၼ်း) လႆႈႁၼ်မူင်ႈမႅင်းဢွၼ်ႇ တၢႆၶမ်ဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းသႅင်ပတ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ လၢတ်ႈလႆႈဝႃႈ သႅင်ပတ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ မၼ်းတူၼ်ႈပႅၵ်ႇသေ ယဵၼ်ႈပဵၼ်ႁၢင်ႈသၢၵ်ႈႁိၼ်ၵႂႃႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵေႃႉဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈၶူင် ဢဝ်သႅင်ၸိင်ႇ ပဵၼ်ပႅတ်ႇၸဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်ပလိၼ်ႇၼီႇၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း"><span id=".E1.81.B6.E1.82.82.E1.81.A2.E1.80.84.E1.80.BA.E1.82.87.E1.80.9C.E1.80.B5.E1.80.95.E1.80.BA.E1.82.88.E1.82.81.E1.80.B5.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA.E1.80.B8"></span>ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&veaction=edit&section=3" title="မႄးထတ်း တွၼ်ႈ :ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>မႄးထတ်း</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: ၶႂၢင်ႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း"><span>မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ပၢႆးလိၼ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻၼႆႉ ၵႂၢမ်းဢဵင်းၵလဵတ်ႈၶဝ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ “Geology” ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ geo = the earth (လိၼ်)၊ logy = study (ႁဵၼ်း) Geology is the study of the earth (ပၢႆးလိၼ် ၵျေႃႇလူဝ်ႇၵျီႇၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးၽႃႇသႃႇ ဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လွင်ႈလိၼ်) ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းလႂ်မၼ်း ပေႃးဝႃးၼႆၸိုင် - </p> <ol><li>The origin and age of the earth. လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ငဝ်ႈတိုၼ်းမူႇလ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလိၼ်မိူင်း။</li> <li>The internal structure and composition of the earth. လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ပိူင်ၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလိၼ်မိူင်း။</li> <li>The chemical composition of the rock and their genese. လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လွင်ႈမၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ် ဢၼ်ၽွတ်ႈႁေႃႇၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလိၼ်မိူင်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢဝ်ထၢတ်ႈသင်သေ ၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈဝႆႉလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ် ပဵၼ်မႃး။</li> <li>The primary and secondary structure of the rock formed. ႁိၼ်ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ငဝ်ႈတိုၼ်းမၼ်း ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ်ပဵၼ်မႃးလႄႈ မိူဝ်းၼႃႈ တေပဵၼ်ႁိုဝ်ၵႂႃႇ။</li> <li>The economic mineral deposits and their genese. ၶူဝ်းႁႄႈ ဢၼ်လမ်ႇလွင်ႈ ပုၼ်ႈတႃႇပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီးၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ်ပဵၼ်မႃး။</li> <li>The study of the ever changing morphology of the earth’s surface , and the natural forces and processes that cause an unstable phenomenon of the earth’s interior. လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လွင်ႈၼႃႈလိၼ်ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈလႄႈ ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇ သၽႃႇဝ ၽၢၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉသေ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လွင်ႈလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ လၢၵ်ႇလၢႆး ၼႂ်းၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလိၼ်မိူင်း။</li> <li>The geologists history of the earth. လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ပိုၼ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇလိၼ်မိူင်း။</li></ol> <p>7 ၶေႃႈတီႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပုၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးလိၼ်ၶဝ် လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႃႈၵၢၼ်ၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ - </p> <ol><li>တႃႇတေလႆး ထၢၼ်ႇၽိုၼ်းသၽႃႇဝ</li> <li>တႃႇတေလႆႈ ထၢၼ်ႇၽိုၼ်းၼိဝ်ႇၵလီးယႃး</li> <li>တႃႇတေလႆႈ ၶူဝ်းႁႄႈဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈတၢင်းတိုဝ်း</li> <li>တႃႇလႆႈၵုၼ်ႇလိူင်း ၸႂ်ႉၼႂ်းႁူင်းၸၢၵ်ႈ</li> <li>တႃႇလႆႈ ၶူဝ်းၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ</li> <li>တႃႇလႆႈ ႁိၼ်ႁၢင်ႈၶိူင်ႈႁိူၼ်းယေး</li> <li>တႃႇလႆႈ ၼမ်ႉၸိုၼ်ႈၼမ်ႉသႂ်</li> <li>တႃႇလႆႈ ၵႅဝ်ႈသႅင် ၵႃႈၶၼ်ယႂ်ႇ</li> <li>တႃႇႁႃလႆႈ ဢွင်ႈတီႈလီ တီႈသၢင်ႇထုၵ်ႇ တႃႇတေၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၽၢႆ၊ မိူင်၊ ႁွင်ႈမိူင်၊ ႁေႃႁိူၼ်း၊ သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်း၊ ၶူဝ်။</li></ol> <p>ပုၼ်ႈတႃႇၵူၼ်းၼႂ်းလေႃးၵၼၼ်ႉ တေလႆႈဢဝ် တၢင်းမေႃၸဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇ ဢၼ်မေႃဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉသေ ၸွႆးထႅမ် ၵႅတ်ႇၶႄပၼ် ၽေးလွႆၾႆးတႅၵ်ႇ၊ ၽေးၼမ်ႉထူမ်ႈ၊ ၽေးဢိင်ႇသၼ်ႇ၊ ၽေးၼင်ႇလိၼ်တႅၵ်ႇၶၢပ်ႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢႆးလိၼ် ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးသၢႆႊသၽႃဝ (Natural Science) ယဝ်ႉ။ မၼ်းသမ်ႉ ၵပ်းၵၢႆႇလူၺ်ႈ Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, Botany, Geography ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၵိင်ႇၽႄပၢႆးလိၼ် ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻၼႆႉတႄႉ - </p> <ol><li>Mineralogy (ၽၢႆႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၶူဝ်းႁႄႈၼႂ်းလိၼ်)</li> <li>Petrology (ၽၢႆႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း မၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ်)</li> <li>Economic geology (ၽၢႆႇၽူႇမိၿေႇတၵၢၼ်မၢၵ်ႈမီး)</li> <li>Structural geology (ၽၢႆႇဝႆႉဝၢင်း တမ်းၽႅၼ်ၵၢၼ်)</li> <li>Geomorphology (ၽၢႆႇပိူင်ၽၢင်လိၼ်)</li> <li>Stratigraphy</li> <li>Paleontology (ၽၢႆႇႁၢင်ႈႁိၼ်သၢၵ်ႈ)</li> <li>Geochronology (ၽၢႆႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်)</li> <li>Paleobotany (ၽၢႆႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ပၢႆးတူၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈမိုၼ်ႉသိုၼ်းၵွၼ်ႇ)</li> <li>Paleozoology (ၽၢႆႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ပၢႆးသတ်း မိူဝ်ႈမိုၼ်ႉသိုၼ်းၵွၼ်ႇ)</li> <li>Mining geology (ပၢႆးလိၼ် ၽၢႆႇၶုတ်းၶူဝ်းႁႄႈ)</li> <li>Geochemisty (ပၢႆးထၢတ်ႈလိၼ်) (ၽူႇမိထႃႇတုၿေႇၻ) ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉယဝ်ႉ။</li></ol> <p>ပၢႆးၽႃႇသႃႇၽူႇမိၿေႇတၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးၽႃႇသႃႇပၢႆးသၢႆႊသၽႃႇဝသေ ၶူၼ်ႉၶႆႈဢဝ်ဢွၵ်ႇ ထွၵ်ႇၼႄပၼ် သၽႃႇဝၼင်လိၼ်မိူင်းယဝ်ႉ။ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ၵိင်ႇၽႄ_ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ"><span id=".E1.81.B5.E1.80.AD.E1.80.84.E1.80.BA.E1.82.87.E1.81.BD.E1.82.84_.E1.80.95.E1.81.A2.E1.82.86.E1.80.B8.E1.80.9C.E1.80.AD.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA.E1.81.BD.E1.80.B0.E1.82.87.E1.80.99.E1.80.AD.E1.81.BF.E1.80.B1.E1.82.87.E1.81.BB"></span>ၵိင်ႇၽႄ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&veaction=edit&section=4" title="မႄးထတ်း တွၼ်ႈ :ၵိင်ႇၽႄ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>မႄးထတ်း</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: ၵိင်ႇၽႄ ပၢႆးလိၼ်ၽူႇမိၿေႇၻ"><span>မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Geochemistry (ၽူႇမိပၢႆးထၢတ်ႈ)</li> <li>Geophysics (ၽူႇမိပၢႆးႁၢင်ႈ)</li> <li>Hydrogeology (ၽူႇမိပၢႆးၼမ်ႉ)</li> <li>Engineering Geology (ၽူႇမိပၢႆးႁႅင်းၸၢၵ်ႈ)</li> <li>Environmental Geology (ၽူႇမိပၢႆးသိင်ႇဝႅတ်ႉလွမ်ႉ)</li> <li>Marine Goelogy (ၽူႇမိပၢႆးပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း_ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်"><span id=".E1.80.95.E1.81.A2.E1.82.86.E1.80.B8.E1.80.9C.E1.80.B5.E1.80.95.E1.80.BA.E1.82.88.E1.82.81.E1.80.B5.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA.E1.80.B8_.E1.82.81.E1.80.AD.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA.E1.81.B5.E1.80.B0.E1.82.88.E1.80.95.E1.80.AD.E1.80.B0.E1.80.84.E1.80.BA.E1.80.95.E1.80.AD.E1.80.B0.E1.80.84.E1.80.BA"></span>ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&veaction=edit&section=5" title="မႄးထတ်း တွၼ်ႈ :ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>မႄးထတ်း</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: ပၢႆးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင်"><span>မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးပၺ်ႇၺႃႇတၢင်းမေႃ ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်လူင် ဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇတင်းလုၵ်ႈၼၼ်ႉသေ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ႁူႉႁၼ်လႆႈ ပၢႆးၽႃႇသႃႇ ဢၼ်ဢိင်ၸမ်ၵၼ် တင်းၼမ်ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၽူႇမိၿေႇတ ပႆႇတၼ်းမီး ပီ 200 သေတႃႉ ၸၢင်ႈတွပ်ႇၵႄႈလိတ်ႈပၼ်လႆႈ ၶေႃႈထၢမ် လွင်ႈမၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ် ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင် တႄႇပဵၼ်မႃးလႂ်၊ လွင်ႈလွႆ တႄႇပဵၼ်မႃးလႂ် ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ </p><p>ပၢႆးၽူႇမိၿေႇတၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢႆးပၺ်ႇၺႃႇ ဢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၽၢႆႇလိၼ်မိူင်းယဝ်ႉ။ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း တႄႇဢဝ် ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇႁူဝ်ပိုင်း မိူဝ်ႈပူၼ်ႉမႃး ပီပွင်း လၢၼ်ႉ 4500 တေႃႇထိုင်ၵၢပ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် မၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ်ၵူႈပိူင်ပိူင် ၼႂ်းလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မီးသၽေႃးၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်၊ ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ်ပဵၼ်မႃး၊ ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ် လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၼိူဝ်လိၼ်တႂ်ႈလိၼ်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်တႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵိင်ႇၽႄမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တေႃႈဢမ်ႇဢႄႇၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ သရူႇပၽူႇမိၿေႇတၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၵၢၼ်လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ၶူဝ်းၶွင်ၼိူဝ်လိၼ်တႂ်ႈလိၼ် ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ်ပဵၼ်မႃး၊ ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ်လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ၊ ႁဵတ်းႁိုဝ် လူႉလႅဝ်၊ ၼႃႈၵၢၼ်ၶဝ် မီးၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ် ၶဝ်ၸၢင်ႈပဵၼ်ႁိုဝ်ၵႂႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢႆးၽူႇမိၿေတၼႆႉ သမ်ႉလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းပႃးထႅင်ႈ လွင်ႈၼမ်ႉသမုတရႃႇ၊ လွင်ႈဢိင်ႇသၼ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ထႅင်ႈလူးၵွၼ်ႇ။ </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်"><span id=".E1.81.BD.E1.80.AD.E1.80.AF.E1.81.BC.E1.80.BA.E1.80.A2.E1.80.AD.E1.80.84.E1.80.BA"></span>ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%82%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8A%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA&veaction=edit&section=6" title="မႄးထတ်း တွၼ်ႈ :ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>မႄးထတ်း</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a 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