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Ko</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Cheol Woong Ko"> <meta name="keywords" content="Cheol Woong Ko"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Cheol Woong Ko"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 54</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Cheol Woong Ko</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Development of Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF) Peek Cage Based on the Korean Lumbar Anatomical Information</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Soo%20Chon">Chang Soo Chon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheol%20Woong%20Ko"> Cheol Woong Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Sung%20Kim"> Han Sung Kim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to develop an anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) PEEK cage suitable for Korean people. In this study, CT images were obtained from Korean male (173cm, 71kg) and 3D Korean lumbar models were reconstructed based on the CT images to investigate anatomical characteristics. Major design parameters of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) PEEK Cage were selected using the morphological measurement information of the Korean Lumbar models. Through finite element analysis and mechanical tests, the developed ALIF PEEK Cage prototype was compared with the Fidji Cage (Zimmer.Inc, USA) and it was found that the ALIF prototype showed similar and/or superior mechanical performance compared to the FidJi Cage. Also, clinical validation for the ALIF PEEK Cage prototype was carried out to check predictable troubles in surgical operations. Finally, it is considered that the convenience and stability of the prototype was clinically verified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-body%20anterior%20fusion" title="inter-body anterior fusion">inter-body anterior fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALIF%20cage" title=" ALIF cage"> ALIF cage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEEK" title=" PEEK"> PEEK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korean%20lumbar" title=" Korean lumbar"> Korean lumbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT%20image" title=" CT image"> CT image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20test" title=" animal test"> animal test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25013/development-of-anterior-lumbar-interbody-fusion-alif-peek-cage-based-on-the-korean-lumbar-anatomical-information" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> An Experiment of Three-Dimensional Point Clouds Using GoPro</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Hwa%20Kim">Jong-Hwa Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mu-Wook%20Pyeon"> Mu-Wook Pyeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang-dam%20Eo"> Yang-dam Eo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ill-Woong%20Jang"> Ill-Woong Jang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Construction of geo-spatial information recently tends to develop as multi-dimensional geo-spatial information. People constructing spatial information is also expanding its area to the general public from some experts. As well as, studies are in progress using a variety of devices, with the aim of near real-time update. In this paper, getting the stereo images using GoPro device used widely also to the general public as well as experts. And correcting the distortion of the images, then by using SIFT, DLT, is acquired the point clouds. It presented a possibility that on the basis of this experiment, using a video device that is readily available in real life, to create a real-time digital map. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GoPro" title="GoPro">GoPro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIFT" title=" SIFT"> SIFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DLT" title=" DLT"> DLT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point%20clouds" title=" point clouds"> point clouds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5342/an-experiment-of-three-dimensional-point-clouds-using-gopro" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Design to Cryogenic System for Dilution Refrigerator with Cavity and Superconducting Magnet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ki%20Woong%20Lee">Ki Woong Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research is studying the search for dark matter using 12 tesla superconducting magnets. A dilution refrigerator is being used for search experiments, and superconducting magnets, superconducting cavities. The dilution refrigerator requires a stable cryogenic environment using liquid helium. Accordingly, a cryogenic system for a stable supply of liquid helium is to be established. This cryogenic system includes the liquefying, supply, storage, and purification of liquid helium. This article presents the basic design, construction, and operation plans for building cryogenic systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryogenic%20system" title="cryogenic system">cryogenic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilution%20refrigerator" title=" dilution refrigerator"> dilution refrigerator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20magnet" title=" superconducting magnet"> superconducting magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helium%20recovery%20system" title=" helium recovery system"> helium recovery system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154130/design-to-cryogenic-system-for-dilution-refrigerator-with-cavity-and-superconducting-magnet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Sfard’s Commognitive Framework as a Method of Discourse Analysis in Mathematics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Joong%20Kim">Dong-Joong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangho%20Choi"> Sangho Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woong%20Lim"> Woong Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses Sfard’s commognitive approach and provides an empirical study as an example to illustrate the theory as method. Traditionally, research in mathematics education focused on the acquisition of mathematical knowledge and the didactic process of knowledge transfer. Through attending to a distinctive form of language in mathematics, as well as mathematics as a discursive subject, alternative views of making meaning in mathematics have emerged; these views are therefore “critical,” as in critical discourse analysis. The commognitive discourse analysis method has the potential to bring more clarity to our understanding of students’ mathematical thinking and the process through which students are socialized into school mathematics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commognitive%20framework" title="commognitive framework">commognitive framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title=" discourse analysis"> discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20discourse" title=" mathematical discourse"> mathematical discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20education" title=" mathematics education"> mathematics education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80168/sfards-commognitive-framework-as-a-method-of-discourse-analysis-in-mathematics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Off-Line Parameter Estimation for the Induction Motor Drive System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han-Woong%20Ahn">Han-Woong Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-Gun%20Kim"> In-Gun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Seok%20Hong"> Hyun-Seok Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Woo%20Kang"> Dong-Woo Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20Lee"> Ju Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is important to accurately identify machine parameters for direct vector control. To obtain the parameter values, traditional methods can be used such as no-load and rotor locked tests. However, there are many differences between values obtained from the traditional tests and actual values. In addition, there are drawbacks that additional equipment and cost are required for the experiment. Therefore, it is hard to temporary operation to estimate induction motor parameters. Therefore, this paper deals with the estimation algorithm of induction motor parameters without a motor operation and the measurement from additional equipment such as sensors and dynamometer. The validity and usefulness of the estimation algorithm considering inverter nonlinearity is verified by comparing the conventional method with the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20motor" title="induction motor">induction motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameter" title=" parameter"> parameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=off-line%20estimation" title=" off-line estimation"> off-line estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverter%20nonlinearity" title=" inverter nonlinearity"> inverter nonlinearity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41238/off-line-parameter-estimation-for-the-induction-motor-drive-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Identifying and Analyzing the Role of Brand Loyalty towards Incumbent Smartphones in New Branded Smartphone Adoption: Approach by Dual Process Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20Woong-Kyu">Lee Woong-Kyu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fierce competition in smartphone market may encourage users to switch brands when buying a new smartphone. However, many smartphone users continue to use the same brand although other branded smartphones are perceived to be more attractive. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the effects of brand loyalty toward incumbent smartphone on new smartphone adoption. For this purpose, a research model including two hypotheses, the positive effect on rational judgments and the negative effect on rational judgments, are proposed based on the dual process theory. For the validation of the research model, the data was collected by surveying Korean university students and tested by the group comparison between high and low brand loyalty. The results show that the two hypotheses were statistically supported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20loyalty" title="brand loyalty">brand loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20process%20theory" title=" dual process theory"> dual process theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incumbent%20smartphone" title=" incumbent smartphone"> incumbent smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone%20adoption" title=" smartphone adoption"> smartphone adoption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52912/identifying-and-analyzing-the-role-of-brand-loyalty-towards-incumbent-smartphones-in-new-branded-smartphone-adoption-approach-by-dual-process-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Facility Detection from Image Using Mathematical Morphology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-Geun%20Lim">In-Geun Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Woong%20Ra"> Sung-Woong Ra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As high resolution satellite images can be used, lots of studies are carried out for exploiting these images in various fields. This paper proposes the method based on mathematical morphology for extracting the ‘horse's hoof shaped object’. This proposed method can make an automatic object detection system to track the meaningful object in a large satellite image rapidly. Mathematical morphology process can apply in binary image, so this method is very simple. Therefore this method can easily extract the ‘horse's hoof shaped object’ from any images which have indistinct edges of the tracking object and have different image qualities depending on filming location, filming time, and filming environment. Using the proposed method by which ‘horse's hoof shaped object’ can be rapidly extracted, the performance of the automatic object detection system can be improved dramatically. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facility%20detection" title="facility detection">facility detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20image" title=" satellite image"> satellite image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object" title=" object"> object</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20morphology" title=" mathematical morphology"> mathematical morphology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67611/facility-detection-from-image-using-mathematical-morphology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Pervaporation of Dimethyl Carbonate / Methanol / Water Mixtures Using Zeolite Membranes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Ho%20Moon">Jong-Ho Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Ho%20Lee"> Dong-Ho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunuk%20Kim"> Hyunuk Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Cheol%20Park"> Young Cheol Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Seop%20Lee"> Jong-Seop Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-deok%20Jeon"> Jae-deok Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyung-Keun%20Lee"> Hyung-Keun Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel membrane reactor process for DMC synthesis from carbon dioxide has been developing in Korea Institute of Energy Research. The scheme of direct synthesis of DMC from CO₂ and Methanol is 'CO₂ + 2MeOH ↔ DMC + H₂O'. Among them, reactants are CO₂ and MeOH, product is DMC, and byproduct is H₂O (water). According to Le Chatelier’s principle, removing byproduct (water) can shift the reaction equilibrium to the right (DMC production). The main purpose of this process is removing water during the reaction. For efficient in situ water removal (dehydration) and DMC separation, zeolite 4A membranes with very small pore diameter and hydrophilicity were introduced. In this study, pervaporation performances of binary and ternary DMC / methanol / water mixtures were evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimehtyl%20carbonate" title="dimehtyl carbonate">dimehtyl carbonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol" title=" methanol"> methanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeolite%20membrane" title=" zeolite membrane"> zeolite membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pervaporation" title=" pervaporation"> pervaporation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71361/pervaporation-of-dimethyl-carbonate-methanol-water-mixtures-using-zeolite-membranes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> The Effect of Pulsator on Washing Performance in a Front-Loading Washer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eung%20Ryeol%20Seo">Eung Ryeol Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee%20Tae%20Lim"> Hee Tae Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunsuk%20Bang"> Eunsuk Bang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soon%20Cheol%20Kweon"> Soon Cheol Kweon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeoung-Kyo%20Jeoung"> Jeoung-Kyo Jeoung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Hoon%20Choic"> Ji-Hoon Choic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The object of this study is to investigate the effect of pulsator on washing performance quantitatively for front-loading washer. The front-loading washer with pulsator shows washing performance improvement of 18% and the particle-based body simulation technique has been applied to figure out the relation between washing performance and mechanical forces exerted on textile during washing process. As a result, the mechanical forces, such as collision force and strain force, acting on the textile have turned out to be about twice numerically. The washing performance improvement due to additional pulsate system has been utilized for customers to save 50% of washing time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=front-loading%20washer" title="front-loading washer">front-loading washer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20force" title=" mechanical force"> mechanical force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabric%20movement" title=" fabric movement"> fabric movement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsator" title=" pulsator"> pulsator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-saving" title=" time-saving"> time-saving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88328/the-effect-of-pulsator-on-washing-performance-in-a-front-loading-washer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Study of Deflection at Junction in the Precast on Cyclic Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jongho%20Park">Jongho Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ui-Cheol%20Shin"> Ui-Cheol Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinwoong%20Choi"> Jinwoong Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungnam%20Hong"> Sungnam Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun-Kyu%20Park"> Sun-Kyu Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While the numerous structures built the industrialization are aging, the effort for the maintenance is concentrated in many countries. However, the traffic jam, environmental damage, and enormous maintenance cost, and etc become a problem. So, in order to solve this, the modular bridge has been studied. This bridge is the structure which utilizes and assembles the standard precast member. Through this, the substitution of the existing bridge and advantage of the easy maintenance will be achieved. However, the reliability in the long-term behavior is insufficient due to the junction part between modular precast members. Therefore, in this research, the cyclic load loading experiment was performed on the junction and deflection was analyzed by long-term service in modular slab connection. The deflection of modular slab with junction was mostly generated when initial and final test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modular%20bridge" title="modular bridge">modular bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deflection" title=" deflection"> deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20loading" title=" cyclic loading"> cyclic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=junction" title=" junction"> junction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28201/study-of-deflection-at-junction-in-the-precast-on-cyclic-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Assessment of Vermiculite Concrete Containing Bio-Polymer Aggregate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliakbar%20Sayadi">Aliakbar Sayadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20R.%20Neitzert"> Thomas R. Neitzert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Charles%20Clifton"> G. Charles Clifton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Cheol%20Han"> Min Cheol Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aims to assess the performance of vermiculite concrete containing poly-lactic acid beads as an eco-friendly aggregate. Vermiculite aggregate was replaced by poly-lactic acid in percentages of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. Mechanical and thermal properties of concrete were investigated. Test results indicated that the inclusion of poly-lactic acid decreased the PH value of concrete and all the poly-lactic acid particles were dissolved due to the formation of sodium lactide and lactide oligomers when subjected to the high alkaline environment of concrete. In addition, an increase in thermal conductivity value of concrete was observed as the ratio of poly-lactic acid increased. Moreover, a set of equations was proposed to estimate the water-cement ratio, cement content and water absorption ratio of concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly-lactic%20acid%20%28PLA%29" title="poly-lactic acid (PLA)">poly-lactic acid (PLA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermiculite%20concrete" title=" vermiculite concrete"> vermiculite concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-friendly" title=" eco-friendly"> eco-friendly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55427/assessment-of-vermiculite-concrete-containing-bio-polymer-aggregate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55427.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Enhancement of Mechanical and Biological Properties in Wollastonite Bioceramics by MgSiO3 Addition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Hong%20Kim">Jae Hong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Cheol%20Um"> Sang Cheol Um</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Kook%20Lee"> Jong Kook Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strong and biocompatible wollastonite (CaSiO3) was fabricated by pressureless sintering at temperature range of 1250~ 1300 ℃ and phase transition of to β-wollastonite with an addition of MgSiO3. Starting pure α-wollastonite powder were prepared by solid state reaction, and MgSiO3 powder was added to α-wollastonite powder to induce the phase transition α to β-wollastonite over 1250℃. Sintered wollastonite samples at 1250℃ with 5 and 10 wt% MgSiO3 were α+β phase and β phase respectively, and showed higher densification rate than that of α or β-wollastonite, which are almost the same as the theoretical density. Hardness and Young’s modulus of sintered wollastonite were dependent on the apparent density and the amount of β-wollastonite. Young’s modulus (78GPa) of β-wollastonite added 10 wt% MgSiO3 was almost double time of sintered α-wollastonite. From the in-vitro test, biphasic (α+β) wollastonite with 5wt% MgSiO3 addition had good bioactivity in simulated body fluid solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-wollastonite" title="β-wollastonite">β-wollastonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20density" title=" high density"> high density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MgSiO3" title=" MgSiO3"> MgSiO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition "> phase transition </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25438/enhancement-of-mechanical-and-biological-properties-in-wollastonite-bioceramics-by-mgsio3-addition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">581</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Natural Frequency Analysis of Small-Scale Arch Structure by Shaking Table Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gee-Cheol%20Kim">Gee-Cheol Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo-Won%20Kang"> Joo-Won Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Structural characteristics of spatial structure are different from that of rahmen structures and it has many factors that are unpredictable experientially. Both horizontal and vertical earthquake should be considered because of seismic behaviour characteristics of spatial structures. This experimental study is conducted about seismic response characteristics of roof structure according to the effect of columns or walls, through scale model of arch structure that has the basic dynamic characteristics of spatial structure. Though remarkable response is not occurred for horizontal direction in the region of higher frequency than the region of frequency that seismic energy is concentrated, relatively large response is occurred in vertical direction. It is proved that seismic response of arch structure with column is varied according to property of column. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arch%20structure" title="arch structure">arch structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20response" title=" seismic response"> seismic response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shaking%20table" title=" shaking table"> shaking table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20structure" title=" spatial structure"> spatial structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51316/natural-frequency-analysis-of-small-scale-arch-structure-by-shaking-table-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Development of Zero-Cement Binder Activated by Carbonation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Cheol%20Choi">Young Cheol Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun-Jin%20Moon"> Eun-Jin Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Won%20Yoo"> Sung-Won Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Hwa%20Jung"> Sang-Hwa Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In-Hwan%20Yang"> In-Hwan Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stainless steel slag (STS) is a by-product generated from the stainless steel refining process. The recycling of STS produced in Korea for construction applications is limited due to its poor hydraulic properties. On the other hand, STS has high carbonation reactivity to CO2 as it contains gamma-C2S content. This material is ideal for mineral carbonation which is one of the techniques proposed for carbon emission reduction. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of developing a zero-cement STS binder activated by carbonation as alternative cementitious material. The quantitative analyses for CO2 uptake of STS powder and STS blended cement were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, the compressive strength and microstructure of STS pastes after CO2 curing were evaluated. Test results showed that STS can be activated by carbonation to gain a sufficient strength as alternative cementitious material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma-C2S" title="gamma-C2S">gamma-C2S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20uptake" title=" CO2 uptake"> CO2 uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonation" title=" carbonation"> carbonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel%20slag" title=" stainless steel slag"> stainless steel slag</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75421/development-of-zero-cement-binder-activated-by-carbonation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Effects of Obesity and Family History of Diabetes on the Association of Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein Gene with High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Korean Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Woong%20Sull">Jae Woong Sull</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lipid levels are related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) gene is one of the candidate genes of cardiovascular diseases. A total of 2,304 persons were chosen from a Hospital (N=4,294) in South Korea. Female subjects with the CG/GG genotype had a 2.03 -fold (p=0.0001) higher risk of having abnormal HDL cholesterol levels (<40 mg/dL) than subjects with the CC genotype. Male subjects with the CG/GG genotype had a 1.34 -fold (p=0.0019) higher risk than subjects with the CC genotype. When analyzed by body mass index, the association with CETP was much stronger in male subjects with BMI>=25.69 (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.15-2.07, P=0.0037) than in male lean subjects. When analyzed by family history of diabetes, the association with CETP was much stronger in male subjects with positive family history of low physical activity (OR=4.82, 95% CI: 1.86-12.5, P=0.0012) than in male subjects with negative family history of diabetes. This study clearly demonstrates that genetic variants in CETP influence HDL cholesterol levels in Korean adults. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CETP" title="CETP">CETP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphisms" title=" polymorphisms"> polymorphisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95364/effects-of-obesity-and-family-history-of-diabetes-on-the-association-of-cholesterol-ester-transfer-protein-gene-with-high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol-levels-in-korean-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Mechanical and Micro-Structural Properties of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer with High-Temperature Exposure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Cheol%20Choi">Young-Cheol Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo-Hyung%20Kim"> Joo-Hyung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyu-Don%20Moon"> Gyu-Don Moon </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the effect of Na2O (alkali) content, SiO2/Na2O mole ratio, and elevated temperature on the mechanical performance of fly-ash-based inorganic green geopolymer composites. Fly-ash-based geopolymers, which were manufactured with varying alkali contents (4–8 % of fly ash weight) and SiO2/Na2O mole ratios (0.6–1.4), were subjected to elevated temperatures up to 900 ºC ; the geopolymer composites and their performance were evaluated on the basis of weight loss and strength loss after temperature exposure. In addition, mineralogical changes due to the elevated temperature exposure were studied using x-ray diffraction. Investigations of microstructures and microprobe analysis were performed using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results showed that the fly-ash-based geopolymer responded significantly to high-temperature conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title="fly ash">fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymer" title=" geopolymer"> geopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-structure" title=" micro-structure"> micro-structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-temperature" title=" high-temperature"> high-temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20structural" title=" mechanical structural "> mechanical structural </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20791/mechanical-and-micro-structural-properties-of-fly-ash-based-geopolymer-with-high-temperature-exposure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">597</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Paper-Based Colorimetric Sensor Utilizing Peroxidase-Mimicking Magnetic Nanoparticles Conjugated with Aptamers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Ah%20Woo">Min-Ah Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Cheol%20Lim"> Min-Cheol Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Joo%20Chang"> Hyun-Joo Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Wook%20Choi"> Sung-Wook Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We developed a paper-based colorimetric sensor utilizing magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with aptamers (MNP-Apts) against <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7. The MNP-Apts were applied to a test sample solution containing the target cells, and the solution was simply dropped onto PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane. The membrane moves the sample radially to form the sample spots of different compounds as concentric rings, thus the MNP-Apts on the membrane enabled specific recognition of the target cells through a color ring generation by MNP-promoted colorimetric reaction of TMB (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine) and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. This method could be applied to rapidly and visually detect various bacterial pathogens in less than 1 h without cell culturing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aptamer" title="aptamer">aptamer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorimetric%20sensor" title=" colorimetric sensor"> colorimetric sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20coli%20O157%3AH7" title=" E. coli O157:H7"> E. coli O157:H7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticle" title=" magnetic nanoparticle"> magnetic nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinylidene%20difluoride" title=" polyvinylidene difluoride"> polyvinylidene difluoride</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51070/paper-based-colorimetric-sensor-utilizing-peroxidase-mimicking-magnetic-nanoparticles-conjugated-with-aptamers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Suitability Verification of Cellulose Nanowhisker as a Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moon%20Hee%20Jung">Moon Hee Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Seung%20Kim"> Dae Seung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Myung%20Jung"> Sang-Myung Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwang%20Heum%20Yoon"> Gwang Heum Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoo%20Cheol%20Lee"> Hoo Cheol Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwa%20Sung%20Shin"> Hwa Sung Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scaffolds are an important part to support growth and differentiation of osteoblast for regeneration of injured bone in bone tissue engineering. We utilized tunicate cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) as scaffold and developed complex system that can enhance differentiation of osteoblast by applying mechanical stimulation. CNW, a crystal form of cellulose, has high stiffness with a large surface area and is useful as a biomedical material due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, CNW was obtained from tunicate extraction and was confirmed for its adhesion, differentiation, growth of osteoblast without cytotoxicity. In addition, osteoblast was successfully differentiated under mechanical stimulation, followed by calcium dependent signaling. In conclusion, we verified suitability of CNW as scaffold and possibility of bone substitutes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoblast" title="osteoblast">osteoblast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose%20nanowhisker" title=" cellulose nanowhisker"> cellulose nanowhisker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNW" title=" CNW"> CNW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20stimulation" title=" mechanical stimulation"> mechanical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20tissue%20engineering" title=" bone tissue engineering"> bone tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20substitute" title=" bone substitute"> bone substitute</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50870/suitability-verification-of-cellulose-nanowhisker-as-a-scaffold-for-bone-tissue-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Effects of Physical Activity on the Association of CETP Gene with HDL Cholesterol Levels in Korean Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Woong%20Sull">Jae Woong Sull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Ha%20Jee"> Sun Ha Jee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are associated with decreased risk of coronary artery disease. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for HDL cholesterol levels have implicated cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) as possibly causal. We tested for the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CETP gene and HDL cholesterol levels in Korean population. Subjects were selected from the Korean Metabolic Syndrome Research Initiative study in the Bundang-Gu area. A total of 2,304 individuals from Bundang-Gu were recruited in 2008. Other subjects were selected from the Severance Hospital (N=4,294). SNP rs6499861 in the CETP gene was associated with mean HDL cholesterol levels (effect per allele -2.044 mg/dL, p=7.23×10-7). Subjects with the CG/GG genotype had a 1.46 -fold (range 1.24–1.72-fold) higher risk of having abnormal HDL cholesterol levels (<40 mg/dL) than subjects with the CC genotype. When analyzed by gender, the association of CETP was stronger in women than in men. When analyzed by physical activity behavior, the association with CETP was much stronger in male subjects with low physical activity (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.23-1.92, P=0.0001) than in male subjects with high physical activity. This study clearly demonstrates that genetic variants in CETP influence HDL cholesterol levels in Korean adults. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CETP" title="CETP">CETP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HDL%20cholesterol" title=" HDL cholesterol"> HDL cholesterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphisms" title=" polymorphisms"> polymorphisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25321/effects-of-physical-activity-on-the-association-of-cetp-gene-with-hdl-cholesterol-levels-in-korean-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25321.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Navigating Uncertainties in Project Control: A Predictive Tracking Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byung%20Cheol%20Kim">Byung Cheol Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores a method for the signal-noise separation challenge in project control, focusing on the limitations of traditional deterministic approaches that use single-point performance metrics to predict project outcomes. We detail how traditional methods often overlook future uncertainties, resulting in tracking biases when reliance is placed solely on immediate data without adjustments for predictive accuracy. Our investigation led to the development of the Predictive Tracking Project Control (PTPC) framework, which incorporates network simulation and Bayesian control models to adapt more effectively to project dynamics. The PTPC introduces controlled disturbances to better identify and separate tracking biases from useful predictive signals. We will demonstrate the efficacy of the PTPC with examples, highlighting its potential to enhance real-time project monitoring and decision-making, marking a significant shift towards more accurate project management practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20tracking" title="predictive tracking">predictive tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20control" title=" project control"> project control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signal-noise%20separation" title=" signal-noise separation"> signal-noise separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayesian%20inference" title=" Bayesian inference"> Bayesian inference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192188/navigating-uncertainties-in-project-control-a-predictive-tracking-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> A Study on Automotive Attack Database and Data Flow Diagram for Concretization of HEAVENS: A Car Security Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Se-Han%20Lee">Se-Han Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwang-Woo%20Go"> Kwang-Woo Go</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwang-Hyun%20Ahn"> Gwang-Hyun Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Sung%20Park"> Hee-Sung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheol-Kyu%20Han"> Cheol-Kyu Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Bo%20Shim"> Jun-Bo Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geun-Chul%20Kang"> Geun-Chul Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Jung%20Lee"> Hyun-Jung Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, with the advent of smart cars and the expansion of the market, the announcement of 'Adventures in Automotive Networks and Control Units' at the DEFCON21 conference in 2013 revealed that cars are not safe from hacking. As a result, the HEAVENS model considering not only the functional safety of the vehicle but also the security has been suggested. However, the HEAVENS model only presents a simple process, and there are no detailed procedures and activities for each process, making it difficult to apply it to the actual vehicle security vulnerability check. In this paper, we propose an automated attack database that systematically summarizes attack vectors, attack types, and vulnerable vehicle models to prepare for various car hacking attacks, and data flow diagrams that can detect various vulnerabilities and suggest a way to materialize the HEAVENS model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20security" title="automotive security">automotive security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEAVENS" title=" HEAVENS"> HEAVENS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20hacking" title=" car hacking"> car hacking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20model" title=" security model"> security model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security"> information security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84442/a-study-on-automotive-attack-database-and-data-flow-diagram-for-concretization-of-heavens-a-car-security-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Basic Research on Applying Temporary Work Engineering at the Design Phase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Woong%20Lee">Jin Woong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyuman%20Cho"> Kyuman Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taehoon%20Kim"> Taehoon Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of constructability is increasingly required not only in the construction phase but also in the whole project stage. In particular, the proper application of construction experience and knowledge during the design phase enables the minimization of inefficiencies such as design changes and improvements in constructability during the construction phase. In order to apply knowledge effectively, engineering technology efforts should be implemented with design progress. Among many engineering technologies, engineering for temporary works, including facilities, equipment, and other related construction methods, is important to improve constructability. Therefore, as basic research, this study investigates the applicability of temporary work engineering during the design phase in the building construction industry. As a result, application of temporary work engineering has a greater impact on construction cost reduction and constructability improvement. In contrast to the existing design-bid-build method, the turn-key and CM (construct management) procurement methods currently being implemented in Korea are expected to have a significant impact on the direction of temporary work engineering. To introduce temporary work engineering, expert/professional organization training is first required, and a lack of client awareness should be preferentially improved. The results of this study are expected to be useful as reference material for the development of more effective temporary work engineering tasks and work processes in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temporary%20Work%20Engineering" title="Temporary Work Engineering">Temporary Work Engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Design%20Phase" title=" Design Phase"> Design Phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constructability" title=" Constructability"> Constructability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Building%20Construction" title=" Building Construction"> Building Construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60634/basic-research-on-applying-temporary-work-engineering-at-the-design-phase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> The Energy Efficient Water Reuse by Combination of Nano-Filtration and Capacitive Deionization Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngmin%20Kim">Youngmin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Hwan%20Ahn"> Jae-Hwan Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seog-Ku%20Kim"> Seog-Ku Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye-Cheol%20Oh"> Hye-Cheol Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bokjin%20Lee"> Bokjin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Jun%20Kang"> Hee-Jun Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high energy consuming processes such as advanced oxidation and reverse osmosis are used as a reuse process. This study aims at developing an energy efficient reuse process by combination of nanofiltration (NF) and capacitive deionization processes (CDI) processes. Lab scale experiments were conducted by using effluents from a wastewater treatment plant located at Koyang city in Korea. Commercial NF membrane (NE4040-70, Toray Ltd.) and CDI module (E40, Siontech INC.) were tested in series. The pollutant removal efficiencies were evaluated on the basis of Korean water quality criteria for water reuse. In addition, the energy consumptions were also calculated. As a result, the hybrid process showed lower energy consumption than conventional reverse osmosis process even though its effluent did meet the Korean standard. Consequently, this study suggests that the hybrid process is feasible for the energy efficient water reuse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitive%20deionization" title="capacitive deionization">capacitive deionization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficient%20process" title=" energy efficient process"> energy efficient process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofiltration" title=" nanofiltration"> nanofiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20reuse" title=" water reuse"> water reuse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87033/the-energy-efficient-water-reuse-by-combination-of-nano-filtration-and-capacitive-deionization-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Inhibitory Effects of Ambrosia trifida L. on the Development of Root Hairs and Protein Patterns of Radicles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Hyon%20Kil">Ji-Hyon Kil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kew-Cheol%20Shim"> Kew-Cheol Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Ae%20Park"> Kyoung-Ae Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoungho%20Kim"> Kyoungho Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ambrosia trifida L. is designated as invasive alien species by the Act on the Conservation and Use of Biodiversity by the Ministry of Environment, Korea. The purpose of present paper was to investigate the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of A.trifida on the development of root hairs of Triticum aestivum L., and Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng and the electrophoretic protein patterns of their radicles. The development of root hairs was inhibited by increasing of aqueous extract concentrations. Through SDS-PAGE, the electrophoretic protein bands of extracted proteins from their radicles were appeared in controls, but protein bands of specific molecular weight disappeared or weakened in treatments. In conclusion, inhibitory effects of A. trifida made two receptor species changed morphologically, and at the molecular level in early growth stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambrosia%20trifida%20L." title="Ambrosia trifida L.">Ambrosia trifida L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invasive%20alien%20species" title=" invasive alien species"> invasive alien species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhibitory%20effect" title=" inhibitory effect"> inhibitory effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20hair" title=" root hair"> root hair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrophoretic%20protein" title=" electrophoretic protein"> electrophoretic protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radicle" title=" radicle"> radicle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10284/inhibitory-effects-of-ambrosia-trifida-l-on-the-development-of-root-hairs-and-protein-patterns-of-radicles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Parallel Magnetic Field Effect on Copper Cementation onto Rotating Iron Rod</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamouda%20M.%20Mousa">Hamouda M. Mousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Obaid"> M. Obaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chan%20Hee%20Park"> Chan Hee Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheol%20Sang%20Kim"> Cheol Sang Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rate of copper cementation on iron rod was investigated. The study was mainly dedicated to illustrate the effect of application of electromagnetic field (EMF) on the rate of cementation. The magnetic flux was placed parallel to the iron rod and different magnetic field strength was studied. The results showed that without EMF, the rate of mass transfer was correlated by the equation: Sh= 1.36 Re0. 098 Sc0.33. The application of EMF enhanced the time required to reach high percentage copper cementation by 50%. The rate of mass transfer was correlated by the equation: Sh= 2.29 Re0. 95 Sc0.33, with applying EMF. This work illustrates that the enhancement of copper recovery in presence of EMF is due to the induced motion of Fe+n in the solution which is limited in the range of rod rotation speed of 300~900 rpm. The calculation of power consumption of EMF showed that although the application of EMF partially reduced the cementation time, the reduction of power consumption due to utilization of magnetic field is comparable to the increase in power consumed by introducing magnetic field of 2462 A T/m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20cementation" title="copper cementation">copper cementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20field" title=" electromagnetic field"> electromagnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20ions" title=" copper ions"> copper ions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron%20cylinder" title=" iron cylinder"> iron cylinder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17981/parallel-magnetic-field-effect-on-copper-cementation-onto-rotating-iron-rod" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> OLED Encapsulation Process Using Low Melting Point Alloy and Epoxy Mixture by Instantaneous Discharge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung%20Min%20Park">Kyung Min Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheol%20Hee%20Moon"> Cheol Hee Moon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study we are to develop a sealing process using a mixture of a LMPA and an epoxy for the atmospheric OLED sealing process as a substitute for the thin-film process. Electrode lines were formed on the substrates, which were covered with insulating layers and sacrificial layers. A mixture of a LMPA and an epoxy was screen printed between the two electrodes. In order to generate a heat for the melting of the mixture, Joule heating method was used. Were used instantaneous discharge process for generating Joule heating. Experimental conditions such as voltage, time and constituent of the electrode were varied to optimize the heating conditions. As a result, the mixture structure of this study showed a great potential for a low-cost, low-temperature, atmospheric OLED sealing process as a substitute for the thin-film process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20light%20emitting%20diode" title="organic light emitting diode">organic light emitting diode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulation" title=" encapsulation"> encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20melting%20point%20alloy" title=" low melting point alloy"> low melting point alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joule%20heat" title=" joule heat"> joule heat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17279/oled-encapsulation-process-using-low-melting-point-alloy-and-epoxy-mixture-by-instantaneous-discharge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">549</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Secondary Science Teachers' Views about Purposes of Practical Works in School Science</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kew-Cheol%20Shim">Kew-Cheol Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Hwan%20Moon"> Sung-Hwan Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Hyon%20Kil"> Ji-Hyon Kil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoungho%20Kim"> Kyoungho Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper was to examine views of secondary school science teachers about purposes to use practical works in school science. The instrument to survey consisted eighteen items, which were categorized into four components as follows: ‘Scientific inquiry’, ‘Scientific knowledge’, ‘Science-related attitude’, and ‘STS (science-technology-society)’. Subjects were 152 secondary school science teachers (male 70 and female 82; middle school 50 and high school 102), who are teaching in 42 schools of 8 provinces. On the survey, science teachers were asked to answer on 5-point Lickert scale (from 1 to 5) how they thought of using practical works on purposes with domains of science objectives in school. They had positive views about using practical works for improving scientific inquiry process skills, science-related attitudes, and perceptions about STS literacy, and acquiring scientific knowledge. They would have the most willingness of using practical works for ‘Scientific Inquiry’ among domains of science objectives in school. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20school" title="secondary school">secondary school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20teacher" title=" science teacher"> science teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practical%20work" title=" practical work"> practical work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scientific%20inquiry" title=" scientific inquiry"> scientific inquiry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scientific%20knowledge" title=" scientific knowledge"> scientific knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scientific%20attitude" title=" scientific attitude"> scientific attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STS" title=" STS"> STS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10717/secondary-science-teachers-views-about-purposes-of-practical-works-in-school-science" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Comparison of Phenolic and Urushiol Contents of Different Parts of Rhus verniciflua and Their Antimicrobial Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Young%20Jang">Jae Young Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Hoon%20Ahn"> Jong Hoon Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Woong%20Lim"> Jae-Woong Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Young%20Kang"> So Young Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi%20Kyeong%20Lee"> Mi Kyeong Lee </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rhus verniciflua is commonly known as a lacquer tree in Korea. Stem barks of R. verniciflua have been used as an immunostimulator in traditional medicine. It contains phenolic compounds and is known for diverse biological activities such as antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. However, it also causes allergic dermatitis due to urushiols derivatives. For the development of active natural resources with less toxicity, the content of phenolic compounds and urushiols of different parts of R. verniciflua such as stem barks, lignum and leaves were quantitated by colorimetric assay and HPLC analysis. The urushiols content were the highest in stem barks, and followed by leaves. The lignum contained trace amount of urushiols. The phenolic contents, however, were the most abundant in lignum, and followed by leaves and stem barks. These results clear showed that the content of urushiols and phenolic differs depending on the parts of R. verniciflua. Antimicrobial activity of different parts of R. verniciflua against fish pathogenic bacteria was also investigated using Edwardsiella tarda. Lignum of R. verniciflua was the most effective in antimicrobial activity against E. tarda and phenolic constituents are suggested to be active constituents for activity. Taken together, phenolic compounds are responsible for antimicrobial activity of R. verniciflua. The lignum of R. verniciflua contains high content of phenolic compounds with less urushiols, which suggests efficient antimicrobial activity with less toxicity. Therefore, lignum of R. verniciflua are suggested as good sources for antimicrobial activity against fish bacterial diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=different%20parts" title="different parts">different parts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20compounds" title=" phenolic compounds"> phenolic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhus%20verniciflua" title=" Rhus verniciflua"> Rhus verniciflua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urushiols" title=" urushiols "> urushiols </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56183/comparison-of-phenolic-and-urushiol-contents-of-different-parts-of-rhus-verniciflua-and-their-antimicrobial-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Beyond Classic Program Evaluation and Review Technique: A Generalized Model for Subjective Distributions with Flexible Variance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byung%20Cheol%20Kim">Byung Cheol Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is widely used for project management, but it struggles with subjective distributions, particularly due to its assumptions of constant variance and light tails. To overcome these limitations, we propose the Generalized PERT (G-PERT) model, which enhances PERT by incorporating variability in three-point subjective estimates. Our methodology extends the original PERT model to cover the full range of unimodal beta distributions, enabling the model to handle thick-tailed distributions and offering formulas for computing mean and variance. This maintains the simplicity of PERT while providing a more accurate depiction of uncertainty. Our empirical analysis demonstrates that the G-PERT model significantly improves performance, particularly when dealing with heavy-tail subjective distributions. In comparative assessments with alternative models such as triangular and lognormal distributions, G-PERT shows superior accuracy and flexibility. These results suggest that G-PERT offers a more robust solution for project estimation while still retaining the user-friendliness of the classic PERT approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PERT" title="PERT">PERT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20distribution" title=" subjective distribution"> subjective distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title=" project management"> project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20variance" title=" flexible variance"> flexible variance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192135/beyond-classic-program-evaluation-and-review-technique-a-generalized-model-for-subjective-distributions-with-flexible-variance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Fault Detection of Pipeline in Water Distribution Network System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Je%20Lee">Shin Je Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Go%20Bong%20Choi"> Go Bong Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong%20Cheol%20Seo"> Jeong Cheol Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Min%20Lee"> Jong Min Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gibaek%20Lee"> Gibaek Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water pipe network is installed underground and once equipped; it is difficult to recognize the state of pipes when the leak or burst happens. Accordingly, post management is often delayed after the fault occurs. Therefore, the systematic fault management system of water pipe network is required to prevent the accident and minimize the loss. In this work, we develop online fault detection system of water pipe network using data of pipes such as flow rate or pressure. The transient model describing water flow in pipelines is presented and simulated using Matlab. The fault situations such as the leak or burst can be also simulated and flow rate or pressure data when the fault happens are collected. Faults are detected using statistical methods of fast Fourier transform and discrete wavelet transform, and they are compared to find which method shows the better fault detection performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20detection" title="fault detection">fault detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20pipeline%20model" title=" water pipeline model"> water pipeline model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20Fourier%20transform" title=" fast Fourier transform"> fast Fourier transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20wavelet%20transform" title=" discrete wavelet transform"> discrete wavelet transform</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5007/fault-detection-of-pipeline-in-water-distribution-network-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheol%20Woong%20Ko&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheol%20Woong%20Ko&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a 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