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(-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1008px) { .article__intro { margin-left: 336px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1280px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1280px) { .article__intro { margin-right: 400px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .article__similar-articles { clear: left; padding-right: 16px; padding-top: 24px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__similar-articles { max-width: 800px; max-width: 100ch; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1008px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1008px) { .article__similar-articles { margin-left: 320px; padding-right: 16px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1280px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1280px) { .article__similar-articles { clear: right; float: right; margin-left: -400px; width: 400px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1008px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1008px) { .article__footer { float: left; padding-left: 320px; width: 100%; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1280px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1280px) { .article__footer { padding-right: 400px; } } @supports (display: grid) { .article__main { display: grid; margin: 0 auto; } @media (max-width: 1007px) { .article__main { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__main { grid-column-gap: 24px; grid-template-columns: 320px auto; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px; padding: 0 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article__main { grid-template-columns: 320px auto 400px; } } .article__intro { grid-column-start: 1; grid-row-start: 1; } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__intro { grid-column-start: 2; grid-row-start: 1; } } .article__sidebar { grid-column-start: 1; grid-row-start: 2; } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__sidebar { grid-auto-flow: dense; grid-row-end: 100; grid-row-start: 1; } } .article__similar-articles { display: none; grid-column-start: 1; padding-left: 16px; padding-right: 16px; padding-top: 24px; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 300px) and (max-width: 399px) { .article__similar-articles { padding-left: 8px; padding-right: 8px; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__similar-articles { max-width: 800px; max-width: 100ch; padding-left: 32px; padding-right: 32px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__similar-articles { justify-self: center; margin-bottom: 24px; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__similar-articles { grid-column-start: 2; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article__similar-articles { -ms-flex-item-align: end; align-self: end; grid-column-start: 3; } } .article__similar-articles--is-active { display: block; } .article__footer { grid-column-start: 1; } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__footer { grid-column-start: 2; } } .article__follow-us, .article__end { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; grid-column-start: 2; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__follow-us, .article__end { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__follow-us, .article__end { grid-column-start: 2; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article__follow-us, .article__end { grid-column-start: 2; } } .article__gallery { grid-column-start: 1; } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__gallery { grid-column: 2 / -1; } } } .article__advert { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; margin: 16px 0 0; } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__intro, .article__sidebar, .article__footer { justify-self: center; max-width: 800px; max-width: 100ch; padding: 0 32px; width: 100%; } } @media (max-width: 599px) { .article__footer { padding: 0 8px; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__footer { max-width: 100ch; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 767px) { .article__footer { padding: 0 32px; } } @media (max-width: 1007px) { .article__footer { grid-column: 1 / span 2; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__sidebar { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 767px) { .article__sidebar { padding: 0 32px; } } @media (max-width: 1279px) { .article__sidebar { margin-bottom: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__sidebar { margin-bottom: 24px; } } @media (max-width: 599px) { .article__intro { margin: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 300px) and (max-width: 399px) { .article__intro { margin: 16px 8px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__intro { margin: 16px 32px; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__intro { margin: 24px 20px; max-width: 100ch; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article__intro { margin-bottom: 24px; } } .article__follow-us { padding-top: 24px; } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article__follow-us { margin-bottom: 0; } } .article__end { margin-bottom: 24px; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .article__end { margin-bottom: 32px; } } .article-header__promo { display: none; } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article-header__promo { -ms-flex-item-align: end; align-self: flex-end; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; grid-column-start: 3; grid-row-start: 1; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; padding-left: 16px; width: 400px; } } .article__main { margin-bottom: 16px; } @media (min-width: 600px) { .article__main { margin-bottom: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article__main { margin-bottom: 24px; max-width: 1248px; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) and (max-width: 1279px) { .article__main { max-width: 976px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article__main { max-width: 990px; } } .article-header { clear: both; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .article-header__content { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 1248px; -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2; -ms-flex-order: 1; order: 1; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 1008px) and (max-width: 1279px) { .article-header__content { max-width: 990px; } } @media (min-width: 768px) { .article-header__content { padding: 0 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1200px) { .article-header__content { -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3; -ms-flex-order: 2; order: 2; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) and (max-width: 1279px) { .article-header__content { max-width: 976px; } } .article-header__heading { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: justify; -ms-flex-pack: justify; justify-content: space-between; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 1248px; -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2; -ms-flex-order: 1; order: 1; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 1008px) and (max-width: 1279px) { .article-header__heading { margin: auto; max-width: 990px; } } @media (min-width: 768px) { .article-header__heading { margin: 20px auto; padding-left: 16px; padding-right: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) and (max-width: 1279px) { .article-header__heading { max-width: 976px; } } .article-header__advert { -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3; -ms-flex-order: 2; order: 2; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .article-header__advert { -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2; -ms-flex-order: 1; order: 1; } } .article-header__hero { width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 1200px) { .article-header__hero { -webkit-box-flex: 1; -ms-flex: 1; flex: 1; } } .article-header__promo { display: none; } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article-header__promo--is-active { -ms-flex-item-align: end; align-self: flex-end; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; padding-left: 16px; width: 400px; } } .bbccom_standard_slot { background: transparent; } .bbccom_slot.bbccom_visible .bbccom_advert { padding-bottom: 0; } .bbccom_slot { background-color: transparent; padding-bottom: 8px; position: relative; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_native_pwa { padding: 8px; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section { padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; display: -webkit-box !important; display: -ms-flexbox !important; display: flex !important; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important; -webkit-box-direction: normal !important; -ms-flex-direction: row !important; flex-direction: row !important; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > a { position: relative !important; display: inline-block; width: 105px; white-space: normal; z-index: 9999; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > div { background-color: unset; padding-left: 8px; z-index: 9999; } .ad_info_text { color: #444444; font-family: 'BBC Reith Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; position: relative; text-align: center; } .ad--hidden { display: none; } .sticky { top: 0; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; } .sticky:before, .sticky:after { content: ''; display: table; } .adslot--mpu { padding: 0 10px 10px; height: 100%; } @media (max-width: 1007px) { .adslot--mpu { position: relative !important; left: unset !important; top: unset !important; -webkit-transform: none !important; transform: none !important; } } .adslot__mpu { -webkit-box-flex: 1; -ms-flex-positive: 1; flex-grow: 1; } .bbccom_standard_slot { background: transparent; } .bbccom_slot.bbccom_visible .bbccom_advert { padding-bottom: 0; } .bbccom_slot { background-color: transparent; padding-bottom: 8px; position: relative; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_native_pwa { padding: 8px; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section { padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; display: -webkit-box !important; display: -ms-flexbox !important; display: flex !important; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important; -webkit-box-direction: normal !important; -ms-flex-direction: row !important; flex-direction: row !important; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > a { position: relative !important; display: inline-block; width: 105px; white-space: normal; z-index: 9999; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > div { background-color: unset; padding-left: 8px; z-index: 9999; } .ad_info_text { color: #444444; font-family: 'BBC Reith Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; position: relative; text-align: center; } .ad--hidden { display: none; } .sticky { top: 0; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; } .sticky:before, .sticky:after { content: ''; display: table; } .adslot--mpu { padding: 0 10px 10px; height: 100%; } @media (max-width: 1007px) { .adslot--mpu { position: relative !important; left: unset !important; top: unset !important; -webkit-transform: none !important; transform: none !important; } } .adslot__mpu { -webkit-box-flex: 1; -ms-flex-positive: 1; flex-grow: 1; } .bbccom_standard_slot { background: transparent; } .bbccom_slot.bbccom_visible .bbccom_advert { padding-bottom: 0; } .bbccom_slot { background-color: transparent; padding-bottom: 8px; position: relative; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_native_pwa { padding: 8px; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section { padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; display: -webkit-box !important; display: -ms-flexbox !important; display: flex !important; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important; -webkit-box-direction: normal !important; -ms-flex-direction: row !important; flex-direction: row !important; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > a { position: relative !important; display: inline-block; width: 105px; white-space: normal; z-index: 9999; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > div { background-color: unset; padding-left: 8px; z-index: 9999; } .ad_info_text { color: #444444; font-family: 'BBC Reith Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; position: relative; text-align: center; } .ad--hidden { display: none; } .sticky { top: 0; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; } .sticky:before, .sticky:after { content: ''; display: table; } .adslot--mpu { padding: 0 10px 10px; height: 100%; } @media (max-width: 1007px) { .adslot--mpu { position: relative !important; left: unset !important; top: unset !important; -webkit-transform: none !important; transform: none !important; } } .adslot__mpu { -webkit-box-flex: 1; -ms-flex-positive: 1; flex-grow: 1; } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text, .article-body__pull-quote, .article-body__iframe { max-width: 800px; max-width: 100ch; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text, .article-body__pull-quote, .article-body__iframe { max-width: 656px; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text, .article-body__pull-quote, .article-body__iframe { max-width: 928px; } } .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__iframe { width: 100%; } .article-body__iframe .article-iframe-card .iframe-card iframe { width: 100% !important; } .article-body__iframe .article-iframe-card .iframe-card .content-embed { position: relative; width: 100%; } .article-body__iframe .article-iframe-card .iframe-card iframe[src*='vevo'], .article-body__iframe .article-iframe-card .iframe-card iframe[src*='youtube'] { bottom: 0; height: 100% !important; left: 0; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; width: 100% !important; } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article-body__iframe .article-iframe-card .iframe-card iframe[src*='vevo'], .article-body__iframe .article-iframe-card .iframe-card iframe[src*='youtube'] { padding: 0 32px; } } .article-body__pull-quote { padding: 0 16px 16px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .article-body__pull-quote { padding-left: 16px; padding-right: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article-body__pull-quote { padding: 0 32px 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article-body__pull-quote { padding-top: 16px; } } @supports (display: grid) { @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1007px) { max-width: 800px; max-width: 100ch; } .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { grid-column-start: 1; justify-self: center; padding: 0 16px 16px; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 300px) and (max-width: 399px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { padding: 0 8px 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { grid-column-start: 2; padding: 0 0 16px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { padding: 0 32px 16px; } } .article-body__iframe { grid-column-start: 1; justify-self: center; padding: 0; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .article-body__iframe { padding-left: 16px; padding-right: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 767px) { .article-body__iframe { padding-left: 32px; padding-right: 32px; } } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__iframe { grid-column-end: col3-end; grid-column-start: 2; } } .article-body__body-native-ad { width: 100%; } .article-body__pull-quote { grid-column-start: 1; justify-self: center; } @media (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__pull-quote { grid-column-start: 2; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article-body__pull-quote { grid-column-start: 3; grid-row: span 2; } } @media (min-width: 1200px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text { grid-column: 2 / span 2; } } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 16px 16px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 300px) and (max-width: 399px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 300px) and (max-width: 399px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { padding: 0 8px 16px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1280px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1280px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { margin-right: 400px; padding: 0 0 16px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1008px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { margin-left: 320px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1007px) { .article-body__image-gallery, .article-body__video-text, .article-body__image-text, .article-body__body-text { padding: 0 32px 16px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .article-body__iframe { margin: 0 auto; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1008px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__iframe { margin-left: 320px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1280px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1280px) { .article-body__iframe { margin-right: 400px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1008px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1008px) { .article-body__pull-quote { margin-left: 320px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none) and (min-width: 1280px), (-ms-high-contrast: active) and (min-width: 1280px) { .article-body__pull-quote { clear: right; float: right; margin-left: -400px; width: 400px; } } @media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none), (-ms-high-contrast: active) { .article-body__body-native-ad { clear: both; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; } } .bbccom_standard_slot { background: transparent; } .bbccom_slot.bbccom_visible .bbccom_advert { padding-bottom: 0; } .bbccom_slot { background-color: transparent; padding-bottom: 8px; position: relative; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_native_pwa { padding: 8px; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section { padding-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; display: -webkit-box !important; display: -ms-flexbox !important; display: flex !important; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important; -webkit-box-direction: normal !important; -ms-flex-direction: row !important; flex-direction: row !important; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > a { position: relative !important; display: inline-block; width: 105px; white-space: normal; z-index: 9999; } .bbccom_slot .bbccom_sponsor_section > div { background-color: unset; padding-left: 8px; z-index: 9999; } .ad_info_text { color: #444444; font-family: 'BBC Reith Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; position: relative; text-align: center; } .ad--hidden { display: none; } .sticky { top: 0; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; } .sticky:before, .sticky:after { content: ''; display: table; } .adslot--mpu { padding: 0 10px 10px; height: 100%; } @media (max-width: 1007px) { .adslot--mpu { position: relative !important; left: unset !important; top: unset !important; -webkit-transform: none !important; transform: none !important; } } .adslot__mpu { -webkit-box-flex: 1; -ms-flex-positive: 1; flex-grow: 1; } .article-end-component { margin-top: 32px; width: 100%; } @media (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1279px) { .article-end-component { margin-top: 16px; } } @media (min-width: 1280px) { .article-end-component { margin-top: 24px; } } </style> <script 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simple-header--small">A high income is a badge of success in many countries, but in Sweden a deep-rooted cultural code called Jantelagen stops many from talking about it.</h2></div><div class="article-intro__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--worklife"></div></div></div></aside><div class="article__sidebar"><header><aside class="article__author-unit"><div class="author-unit author-unit--center"><div class="author-unit__container"><a class="author-unit__image" target="" rel="" id=""><div class="circle-image circle-image--small circle-image__image--dark-blue" style="background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/480_480/images/live/p0/7f/sc/p07fsc3b.jpg)"><img draggable="false" title="Author image" class="image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/480_480/images/live/p0/7f/sc/p07fsc3b.jpg" alt="Author image"/></div></a><div class="author-unit__info"><a class="author-unit__text" target="" rel="" id=""><h3 class="author-name">By Maddy Savage</h3></a><span class="author-unit__date"> 9th October 2019 </span></div></div></div></aside></header><div class="adslot__mpu"><div class=" sticky"><div id="bbccom_mpu_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot bbccom_standard_slot adslot--mpu" aria-hidden="true"><div id="mpu" class="bbccom_mpu bbccom_advert"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__drop-capped body-text-card__drop-capped--flushed"><div class="drop-capped drop-capped--worklife"><p class="drop-capped__letter">I</p></div></div><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--drop-capped body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>In Stockholm’s richest inner-city neighbourhood, Östermalm, private yachts and floating cocktail bars hug the marina. The adjacent tree-lined boulevard, Strandvägen, boasts some of the most expensive real estate in the Swedish capital, as well as exclusive boutiques and independent restaurants. Nearby, ornate 18th Century buildings house luxurious office spaces and private member’s bars.</p> <p> The area is packed with people in designer sunglasses soaking up the autumn sunshine. But finding someone who’s comfortable talking about their wealth is almost impossible.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-native-ad article-body__body-text"><div class=""><div id="bbccom_native_pwa_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot bbccom_standard_slot adslot--native_pwa" aria-hidden="true"><div id="native_pwa" class="bbccom_native_pwa bbccom_advert"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__pull-quote"><div class="inline-quote"><div class="inline-quote__open-quote"><div class="open-quote gelicon--quote open-quote--large"></div></div><blockquote class="inline-quote__blockquote"><div class="inline-quote__text inline-quote__text--desktop"><h2 class="simple-header simple-header--condensed-bold simple-header--large">I'm not going to tell you how much I make because I don't know why I should – Robert Ingemarsson</h2></div></blockquote><div class="inline-quote__social inline-quote__social--desktop"><div class="styled-line styled-line--worklife"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>“I'm not going to tell you how much I make because I don't know why I should,” says 30-year-old Robert Ingemarsson, who has a senior job in marketing. Asked what he does with his money, he says simply: “I spend it on stocks. I like investing”.</p> <p>Victor Hesse, 24, who’s out shopping, says he’s about to embark on an international talent programme for a major Swedish brand. But when asked about his salary, he says: “That’s classified”.</p> <p>Standard narratives about Sweden tend to highlight its social democracy, high taxes and low income inequality by global standards. But while this stereotype is rooted in facts, the gap between the rich and the poor has been steadily widening since the 1990s. The top 20% of the population <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707/https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-surveys-sweden-2017_eco_surveys-swe-2017-en#page12">now earn four times as much as the bottom 20%.</a></p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__video-text"><div class="body-text-card-inline-video"><div class="inline-video"><div class=""><div class="inline-video__text inline-video__text--desktop"><div class="inline-video__label"><div class="hero-new-label hero-new-label--worklife" style="border-color:"><p class="hero-new-label__text">Watch</p></div></div><h2 class="video-overlay video-overlay--large">Why Swedes won’t talk about wealth</h2></div><div class="inline-video__play-button inline-video__play-button--desktop"><button class="play-button gelicon--play play-button--desktop play-button--worklife"></button><p class="inline-video__duration">3:38</p></div></div><div class="inline-video__smp"><div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p><em>Video by Maddy Savage and Benoît Derrier.</em></p> <p>A high income is a badge of success in many countries, but Swedes have a deep-rooted aversion to talking about their cash. Our repeated efforts to arrange interviews with young, wealthy Swedes proved tricky; off-the-record, people were happy to talk about large second homes, family yachts, sports cars or champagne sprees in nightclubs, but getting them to formalise their comments was a struggle.</p> <p>“I have a feeling that it will come across as bragging, which unfortunately I don’t feel comfortable with,” read one text message that seemed representative of the sentiment felt by many. Others agreed to be interviewed and then became “too busy” or simply ghosted us.</p> <p>But why is this? While discussing your wealth feels perfectly appropriate in some parts of the world, why does it seem like nobody in Stockholm is proud of being rich?</p> <p><strong>The concept of <em>Jantelagen</em></strong></p> <p>Lola Akinmade Åkerström, an author on Swedish culture who’s been living in Stockholm for more than a decade, says talking about money is “a very uncomfortable subject” in Sweden. She argues that boasting about wealth – or even discussing a moderate salary with a stranger – is such a taboo that many Swedes would actually feel “more comfortable talking about sex and bodily functions”.</p> <p>It is a view shared by Stina Dahlgren, a 28-year-old Swedish journalist who spent several years living in the US. “Over in the States, when you say that you're earning a lot of money, people are cheering for you and they say: ‘good for you, good work’. But over here in Sweden, if you say that you have a good salary... people think you're weird,” she says. “You don’t ask about salaries, you don't ask about money.”</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__image-text"><div class="inline-image inline-image--card"><div class="inline-image__image inline-image__image--card"><img draggable="false" title="Lola Åkerström" class="image image--centre" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/960_540/images/live/p0/7p/r8/p07pr856.jpg" alt="Lola Åkerström"/></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div><div class="inline-image__description inline-image__description--desktop"><div class="text-summary"><p class="text-summary__text text-summary__text--blue text-summary__text--center">Many Swedes refuse to discuss finances with strangers and would feel more comfortable talking about sex, as observed by author Lola Akinmade Åkerström (Credit: Benoit Derrier)</p></div></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>Many cultural commentators agree that a large part of the taboo can be explained by a deep-rooted Nordic code called <em>Jantelagen</em>, which promotes the idea of never thinking you are better than anyone else and calling out those who break this norm.</p> <p>“Jantelagen is an unspoken societal rule that exists here in Sweden and a lot of the Nordics,” explains Akinmade Åkerström, who explores the topic in her book Lagom: The Swedish Secret of Living Well. “It’s about not being too flashy, not bragging unnecessarily, and it's a way of kind of keeping everybody – for the most part – equal... to remove sources of stress within group settings.”</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__pull-quote"><div class="inline-quote"><div class="inline-quote__open-quote"><div class="open-quote gelicon--quote open-quote--large"></div></div><blockquote class="inline-quote__blockquote"><div class="inline-quote__text inline-quote__text--desktop"><h2 class="simple-header simple-header--condensed-bold simple-header--large">Jantelagen… is about not being too flashy, not bragging unnecessarily, and it's a way of kind of keeping everybody – for the most part – equal – Lola Akinmade Äkerström</h2></div></blockquote><div class="inline-quote__social inline-quote__social--desktop"><div class="styled-line styled-line--worklife"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>Jantelagen – which translates to The Law of Jante in English – takes its name from a rule-abiding town called Jante which featured in a fictional book by Norwegian-Danish author Aksel Sandemose in 1933. But Dr Stephen Trotter, a Scottish-Norwegian academic who <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707/https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_404385_en.pdf">wrote about the concept</a> while he was working at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, says its sentiment has existed in the Nordics – especially in rural areas – for centuries.</p> <p>“Jantelagen is a mechanism for social control,” he argues. “It’s not just about wealth, it’s about not pretending to know more than you do or acting above your station.”</p> <p>As a shorthand for celebrating modesty and humbleness, Jantelagen is not dissimilar to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707/http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20170607-why-are-australians-so-laid-back">tall poppy syndrome</a>, a popular term in Australia and New Zealand that embraces putting down those who are showy about their wealth or status. In Scotland people talk of the ‘<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_mentality">crab mentality’</a> – a way of thinking that nods to a crab trying to escape from a bucket, yet being pulled back by its fellow hostages. “You could say that Scandinavia just found a buzzword that fits and sums it up better than anyone else,” says Trotter.</p> <p>Yet he also points out that the way Jantelagen plays out in Sweden and other Nordic societies is linked to specific cultural norms in those nations.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__image-text"><div class="inline-image inline-image--card"><div class="inline-image__image inline-image__image--card"><img draggable="false" title="Waterfront, Stockholm" class="image image--centre" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/960_540/images/live/p0/7p/r7/p07pr7t8.jpg" alt="Waterfront, Stockholm"/></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div><div class="inline-image__description inline-image__description--desktop"><div class="text-summary"><p class="text-summary__text text-summary__text--blue text-summary__text--center">Embedded deeply in Nordic culture, Jantelagen is an unspoken rule that aims to keep everybody seemingly equal and reduce social tensions (Credit: Benoit Derrier)</p></div></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>“You can chat about your cabin in the woods and getting underfloor heating and a patio. People [are] not surprised by that – that is a common idea in the Nordics and a lot of people have a second home here,” he argues. “But to say you’d spent the same money on two Lamborghinis – you would probably get a bit laughed at!"</p> <p>Akinmade Äkerstöm argues that while Sweden has fought hard to maintain a global image as a classless social democracy, many Swedes still surround themselves with people in similar income brackets. This, she says, means that the rules of <em>Jantelagen </em>can therefore shift depending on the company; bragging is more acceptable among those with similar backgrounds.</p> <p>“Behind closed doors with others of the same socio-economic status, they [richer people] are more comfortable. They can talk about their summer homes or their cars with everybody on the same level.”</p> <p>Back in Östermalm, Andreas Kensen, 33, who doesn’t live in the area but is spending the afternoon visiting its smart boutiques, agrees that Jantelagenis contextual. “I would definitely tell my friends that we've been out travelling or, you know, show it off on Instagram or Facebook. But it’s nothing I would tell a stranger I just met,” he explains.</p> <p><strong>A vocal backlash</strong></p> <p>However, growing numbers of young, successful Swedes are starting to criticise Jantelagen, and calling for a more vocal conversation about wealth and success.</p> <p>These include Nicole Falciani, 22, who began earning money from blogging as a teenager and is now a major influencer, with 354,000 followers on Instagram. At a glamorous wedding-themed jewellery shoot at an out-of-town allotment cafe, she doesn’t bat an eyelid when asked to tell us her typical fee: around $20,000 per campaign. It’s money she mostly spends on designer bags and travel, having bought a city centre apartment at the age of 20.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__image-text"><div class="inline-image inline-image--card"><div class="inline-image__image inline-image__image--card"><img draggable="false" title="Andreas Kensen" class="image image--centre" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/960_540/images/live/p0/7p/r7/p07pr7r3.jpg" alt="Andreas Kensen"/></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div><div class="inline-image__description inline-image__description--desktop"><div class="text-summary"><p class="text-summary__text text-summary__text--blue text-summary__text--center">Andreas Kensen says Jantelagen is contextual: you might show off a trip you've taken on social media, you just wouldn't brag to a stranger (Credit: Benoit Derrier)</p></div></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>“I would love it if Jantelagen would disappear, because I think that would be so much better for everyone living here... Our society would be much more open if we could talk about money,” she argues. “It's quite a nice thought that everyone should be equal and that we are all the same. But it doesn't work, because if you're working harder than anyone else, then you should be proud of it.”</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__pull-quote"><div class="inline-quote"><div class="inline-quote__open-quote"><div class="open-quote gelicon--quote open-quote--large"></div></div><blockquote class="inline-quote__blockquote"><div class="inline-quote__text inline-quote__text--desktop"><h2 class="simple-header simple-header--condensed-bold simple-header--large">Our society would be much more open if we could talk about money – Nicole Falciani</h2></div></blockquote><div class="inline-quote__social inline-quote__social--desktop"><div class="styled-line styled-line--worklife"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>Cornelius Cappelen, an associate professor in comparative politics at the University of Bergen in Norway, believes the rise of social media is behind the youth backlash against Jantelagen. He argues that blogging and video-blogging in particular support the kind of “rampant individualism” that promotes standing out from the crowd, which has, until recently, been far less prevalent in Nordic countries than other western nations, particularly the US.</p> <p>“More and more people use the term [Jantelagen] as an abuse – especially many young people explicitly claim that they hate the mentality,” he argues.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__image-text"><div class="inline-image inline-image--card"><div class="inline-image__image inline-image__image--card"><img draggable="false" title="Nicole Falciani" class="image image--centre" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/960_540/images/live/p0/7p/r8/p07pr8jx.jpg" alt="Nicole Falciani"/></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div><div class="inline-image__description inline-image__description--desktop"><div class="text-summary"><p class="text-summary__text text-summary__text--blue text-summary__text--center">Young people like Nicole Falciani who turn to social media for success see Jantelagen as a barrier preventing the recognition of hard work (Credit: Benoit Derrier)</p></div></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>Akinmade Åkerström also believes that social media has had a major impact. Since bragging has become commonplace on Facebook and Instagram, Swedes whose personal achievements stand out have started to feel more comfortable making their success public, she argues.</p> <p>“There are very skilled, talented people that have been suppressed by Jantelagen, but then they’ve seen mediocre people bragging (online) with confidence.”</p> <p>“I think Jantelagen is going to slowly fade out because those people that have been repressed will start standing up and saying, ‘you know, I'm good at this!’... And social media also connects you to a wider audience that isn't familiar with Jantelagen.”</p> <p>The author believes that Jantelagen is also becoming less popular due to a rise in immigration. In Sweden, the most diverse of the Nordic nations, around 25% of people were born abroad or have two foreign parents. “What other cultures are bringing in is celebrating your success, celebrating talented people, celebrating skills,” she says.</p> <p>It’s a theory welcomed by Nicole Falciani, who was born and raised in Sweden but has two Italian parents. She says that she sometimes found it tricky to work out which of the topics that she discussed at home or with relatives in Italy were socially acceptable to talk about in Swedish society.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__image-text"><div class="inline-image inline-image--card"><div class="inline-image__image inline-image__image--card"><img draggable="false" class="image image--centre" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013115707im_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/960_540/images/live/p0/7p/r8/p07pr813.jpg"/></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div><div class="inline-image__description inline-image__description--desktop"><div class="text-summary"><p class="text-summary__text text-summary__text--blue text-summary__text--center">With increased immigration and influx of foreign cultures, the Nordic concept of Jantelagen seems to be disappearing but to what extent remains to be seen (Credit: Benoit Derrier)</p></div></div><div class="inline-image__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--grey styled-line--large"></div></div></div></div><div class="article-body__body-text"><div class="body-text-card"><div class="body-text-card__text body-text-card__text--worklife body-text-card__text--flush-text"><div><p>“I think it will get better, because we're getting more European, we have more foreigners living in Sweden taking their culture here. And we have a lot of American TV programmes and they don't have Jantelagen at all,” she says. However, she doubts the concept will disappear completely because it is “so rooted in Swedish culture or in Scandinavian culture”.</p> <p>Cornelius Cappelen, the associate professor, says he’s also uncertain about the concept’s potential to disappear.</p> <p>“Will it stick around it the future? Well, my guess is as good as yours. But I will say this: I hope the nice aspect of it – the modesty code of not sticking one’s neck out – will continue to exist and I hope that the negative aspect of it – ‘cutting people down to size’ – will wither away.”</p> <p>Meanwhile some immigrants to Sweden say they have embraced Jantelagen<em>, </em>including 35-year-old Natalia Irribara, who moved to Stockholm from Chile three years ago.</p> <p>“I think in Chile we have a really narcissistic society where accomplishments are really important – like academic qualifications, sport, being pretty... the car, the school, the house,” she says. “[Here] we have a model as a neighbour, but they never talk about ‘oh, I was in this magazine’. Another neighbour is a photographer who accomplished great things, but never talks about it.”</p> <p>“For me humbleness is really important, and the thing I like in Sweden is that with Jantelagen it’s not that important, those material things.”</p> <p><em>Additional research by Emelie Svensson.</em></p></div></div></div></div><section class="article__footer"><div class="article__end"><div class="article-end-component"><div class="article-end"><div class="article-end__line"><div class="styled-line styled-line--worklife"></div></div><div class="article-end__share-tools"><div class="share-tools"><div class="share-tools__positional"><div class="share-tools__expandable share-tools__closed"><div class="share-tools__expandable-helper"><a 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Photo","fileSizeBytes":330702,"mimeType":"image\u002Fjpeg","sourceHeight":1080,"sourceUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20191013115707\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fs3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\u002Flive-galileo-interface-mt-resources-imagebucket-1a92e5tj3b5d6\u002Fp0\u002F6z\u002Fjf\u002Fp06zjf45.jpg","sourceWidth":1920,"synopsisLong":"","synopsisMedium":"Sweden has a unique system of granting workers leave to allow them to potentially launch a new business as entrepreneurs (Credit: Alamy Stock Photo)","synopsisShort":"(Credit: Alamy Stock Photo)","templateUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20191013115707\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fichef.bbci.co.uk\u002Fwwfeatures\u002F$recipe\u002Fimages\u002Flive\u002Fp0\u002F6z\u002Fjf\u002Fp06zjf45.jpg","title":"sweden3.jpg","creationDateTime":"0001-01-01T00:00:00Z","entity":"","guid":"","id":"p06zjf45","modifiedDateTime":"0001-01-01T00:00:00Z","project":"","slug":"","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fweb.archive.org\u002Fweb\u002F20191013115707\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fichef.bbci.co.uk\u002Fwwfeatures\u002F$recipe\u002Fimages\u002Flive\u002Fp0\u002F6z\u002Fjf\u002Fp06zjf45.jpg","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827734}},"articles":{"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth","_id":"5d9de5ad46361d552fb00435","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"A high income is a badge of success in many countries, but in Sweden a deep-rooted cultural code called Jantelagen stops many from talking about it.","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIn Stockholm’s richest inner-city neighbourhood, Östermalm, private yachts and floating cocktail bars hug the marina. The adjacent tree-lined boulevard, Strandvägen, boasts some of the most expensive real estate in the Swedish capital, as well as exclusive boutiques and independent restaurants. Nearby, ornate 18th Century buildings house luxurious office spaces and private member’s bars.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E The area is packed with people in designer sunglasses soaking up the autumn sunshine. But finding someone who’s comfortable talking about their wealth is almost impossible.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"infographic","imageAlignment":"centre","pullQuoteImageAlignment":"centre","videoImageAlign":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"I'm not going to tell you how much I make because I don't know why I should – Robert Ingemarsson","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“I'm not going to tell you how much I make because I don't know why I should,” says 30-year-old Robert Ingemarsson, who has a senior job in marketing. Asked what he does with his money, he says simply: “I spend it on stocks. I like investing”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVictor Hesse, 24, who’s out shopping, says he’s about to embark on an international talent programme for a major Swedish brand. But when asked about his salary, he says: “That’s classified”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStandard narratives about Sweden tend to highlight its social democracy, high taxes and low income inequality by global standards. But while this stereotype is rooted in facts, the gap between the rich and the poor has been steadily widening since the 1990s. The top 20% of the population \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fread.oecd-ilibrary.org\u002Feconomics\u002Foecd-economic-surveys-sweden-2017_eco_surveys-swe-2017-en#page12\"\u003Enow earn four times as much as the bottom 20%.\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Video","iFrameType":"","videoImage":"urn:pubstack:jative:image:p07qgy4w","videoImageAlign":"centre","videoTitle":"Young, Swedish and…. rich?","videoUrn":["p07qgx5d"],"id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EVideo by Maddy Savage and Benoît Derrier.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA high income is a badge of success in many countries, but Swedes have a deep-rooted aversion to talking about their cash. Our repeated efforts to arrange interviews with young, wealthy Swedes proved tricky; off-the-record, people were happy to talk about large second homes, family yachts, sports cars or champagne sprees in nightclubs, but getting them to formalise their comments was a struggle.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I have a feeling that it will come across as bragging, which unfortunately I don’t feel comfortable with,” read one text message that seemed representative of the sentiment felt by many. Others agreed to be interviewed and then became “too busy” or simply ghosted us.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut why is this? While discussing your wealth feels perfectly appropriate in some parts of the world, why does it seem like nobody in Stockholm is proud of being rich?\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe concept of \u003Cem\u003EJantelagen\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELola Akinmade Åkerström, an author on Swedish culture who’s been living in Stockholm for more than a decade, says talking about money is “a very uncomfortable subject” in Sweden. She argues that boasting about wealth – or even discussing a moderate salary with a stranger – is such a taboo that many Swedes would actually feel “more comfortable talking about sex and bodily functions”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is a view shared by Stina Dahlgren, a 28-year-old Swedish journalist who spent several years living in the US. “Over in the States, when you say that you're earning a lot of money, people are cheering for you and they say: ‘good for you, good work’. But over here in Sweden, if you say that you have a good salary... people think you're weird,” she says. “You don’t ask about salaries, you don't ask about money.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07pr856"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Lola Åkerström","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMany cultural commentators agree that a large part of the taboo can be explained by a deep-rooted Nordic code called \u003Cem\u003EJantelagen\u003C\u002Fem\u003E, which promotes the idea of never thinking you are better than anyone else and calling out those who break this norm.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Jantelagen is an unspoken societal rule that exists here in Sweden and a lot of the Nordics,” explains Akinmade Åkerström, who explores the topic in her book Lagom: The Swedish Secret of Living Well. “It’s about not being too flashy, not bragging unnecessarily, and it's a way of kind of keeping everybody – for the most part – equal... to remove sources of stress within group settings.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Jantelagen… is about not being too flashy, not bragging unnecessarily, and it's a way of kind of keeping everybody – for the most part – equal – Lola Akinmade Äkerström","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EJantelagen – which translates to The Law of Jante in English – takes its name from a rule-abiding town called Jante which featured in a fictional book by Norwegian-Danish author Aksel Sandemose in 1933. But Dr Stephen Trotter, a Scottish-Norwegian academic who \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gla.ac.uk\u002Fmedia\u002Fmedia_404385_en.pdf\"\u003Ewrote about the concept\u003C\u002Fa\u003E while he was working at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, says its sentiment has existed in the Nordics – especially in rural areas – for centuries.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Jantelagen is a mechanism for social control,” he argues. “It’s not just about wealth, it’s about not pretending to know more than you do or acting above your station.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a shorthand for celebrating modesty and humbleness, Jantelagen is not dissimilar to \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Ftravel\u002Fstory\u002F20170607-why-are-australians-so-laid-back\"\u003Etall poppy syndrome\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, a popular term in Australia and New Zealand that embraces putting down those who are showy about their wealth or status. In Scotland people talk of the ‘\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCrab_mentality\"\u003Ecrab mentality’\u003C\u002Fa\u003E – a way of thinking that nods to a crab trying to escape from a bucket, yet being pulled back by its fellow hostages. “You could say that Scandinavia just found a buzzword that fits and sums it up better than anyone else,” says Trotter.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYet he also points out that the way Jantelagen plays out in Sweden and other Nordic societies is linked to specific cultural norms in those nations.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07pr7t8"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Waterfront, Stockholm","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“You can chat about your cabin in the woods and getting underfloor heating and a patio. People [are] not surprised by that – that is a common idea in the Nordics and a lot of people have a second home here,” he argues. “But to say you’d spent the same money on two Lamborghinis – you would probably get a bit laughed at!\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAkinmade Äkerstöm argues that while Sweden has fought hard to maintain a global image as a classless social democracy, many Swedes still surround themselves with people in similar income brackets. This, she says, means that the rules of \u003Cem\u003EJantelagen \u003C\u002Fem\u003Ecan therefore shift depending on the company; bragging is more acceptable among those with similar backgrounds.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Behind closed doors with others of the same socio-economic status, they [richer people] are more comfortable. They can talk about their summer homes or their cars with everybody on the same level.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBack in Östermalm, Andreas Kensen, 33, who doesn’t live in the area but is spending the afternoon visiting its smart boutiques, agrees that Jantelagenis contextual. “I would definitely tell my friends that we've been out travelling or, you know, show it off on Instagram or Facebook. But it’s nothing I would tell a stranger I just met,” he explains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA vocal backlash\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, growing numbers of young, successful Swedes are starting to criticise Jantelagen, and calling for a more vocal conversation about wealth and success.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThese include Nicole Falciani, 22, who began earning money from blogging as a teenager and is now a major influencer, with 354,000 followers on Instagram. At a glamorous wedding-themed jewellery shoot at an out-of-town allotment cafe, she doesn’t bat an eyelid when asked to tell us her typical fee: around $20,000 per campaign. It’s money she mostly spends on designer bags and travel, having bought a city centre apartment at the age of 20.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07pr7r3"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Andreas Kensen","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“I would love it if Jantelagen would disappear, because I think that would be so much better for everyone living here... Our society would be much more open if we could talk about money,” she argues. “It's quite a nice thought that everyone should be equal and that we are all the same. But it doesn't work, because if you're working harder than anyone else, then you should be proud of it.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-12"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Our society would be much more open if we could talk about money – Nicole Falciani","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-13"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003ECornelius Cappelen, an associate professor in comparative politics at the University of Bergen in Norway, believes the rise of social media is behind the youth backlash against Jantelagen. He argues that blogging and video-blogging in particular support the kind of “rampant individualism” that promotes standing out from the crowd, which has, until recently, been far less prevalent in Nordic countries than other western nations, particularly the US.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“More and more people use the term [Jantelagen] as an abuse – especially many young people explicitly claim that they hate the mentality,” he argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-14"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07pr8jx"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Nicole Falciani","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-15"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EAkinmade Åkerström also believes that social media has had a major impact. Since bragging has become commonplace on Facebook and Instagram, Swedes whose personal achievements stand out have started to feel more comfortable making their success public, she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“There are very skilled, talented people that have been suppressed by Jantelagen, but then they’ve seen mediocre people bragging (online) with confidence.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I think Jantelagen is going to slowly fade out because those people that have been repressed will start standing up and saying, ‘you know, I'm good at this!’... And social media also connects you to a wider audience that isn't familiar with Jantelagen.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe author believes that Jantelagen is also becoming less popular due to a rise in immigration. In Sweden, the most diverse of the Nordic nations, around 25% of people were born abroad or have two foreign parents. “What other cultures are bringing in is celebrating your success, celebrating talented people, celebrating skills,” she says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt’s a theory welcomed by Nicole Falciani, who was born and raised in Sweden but has two Italian parents. She says that she sometimes found it tricky to work out which of the topics that she discussed at home or with relatives in Italy were socially acceptable to talk about in Swedish society.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-16"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07pr813"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-17"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“I think it will get better, because we're getting more European, we have more foreigners living in Sweden taking their culture here. And we have a lot of American TV programmes and they don't have Jantelagen at all,” she says. However, she doubts the concept will disappear completely because it is “so rooted in Swedish culture or in Scandinavian culture”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECornelius Cappelen, the associate professor, says he’s also uncertain about the concept’s potential to disappear.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Will it stick around it the future? Well, my guess is as good as yours. But I will say this: I hope the nice aspect of it – the modesty code of not sticking one’s neck out – will continue to exist and I hope that the negative aspect of it – ‘cutting people down to size’ – will wither away.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile some immigrants to Sweden say they have embraced Jantelagen\u003Cem\u003E, \u003C\u002Fem\u003Eincluding 35-year-old Natalia Irribara, who moved to Stockholm from Chile three years ago.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I think in Chile we have a really narcissistic society where accomplishments are really important – like academic qualifications, sport, being pretty... the car, the school, the house,” she says. “[Here] we have a model as a neighbour, but they never talk about ‘oh, I was in this magazine’. Another neighbour is a photographer who accomplished great things, but never talks about it.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“For me humbleness is really important, and the thing I like in Sweden is that with Jantelagen it’s not that important, those material things.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EAdditional research by Emelie Svensson.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-18"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"calloutBodyHtml":"\u003Cp\u003E1. You shall not believe you are anything\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E2. You shall not believe you are as much as us\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E3. You shall not believe you are wiser than us\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E4. You shall not imagine you are better than us\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E5. You shall not believe you know more than us\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E6. You shall not believe you are more than us\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E7. You shall not believe you are good for anything\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E8. You shall not laugh at us\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E9. You shall not believe anyone cares about you\u003Cbr \u002F\u003E10. You shall not believe you can teach us anything\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","calloutTitle":"The Laws of Jante","cardType":"CalloutBox","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth-19"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-10-09T21:11:36Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"infographic","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"Jantelagen: Why Swedes won’t talk about wealth","headlineShort":"Where wealth is ‘more taboo than sex’","image":["p07pr7xt"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"","isSyndicated":true,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":[{"Content":{"Description":"Apple News Publish: Select to publish, remove to unpublish. (Do not just delete or unpublish the story)","Name":"publish-applenews-system-1"},"Metadata":{"CreationDateTime":"2016-02-05T14:32:31.186819Z","Entity":"option","Guid":"13f4bc85-ae27-4a34-9397-0e6ad3619619","Id":"option\u002Fpublish-applenews-system-1","ModifiedDateTime":"2016-02-05T14:32:31.186819Z","Project":"","Slug":"publish-applenews-system-1"},"Urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:option:option\u002Fpublish-applenews-system-1","_id":"5d9dae4e46361d552f72d684"}],"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":["p07pr7z2"],"relatedStories":null,"relatedTag":null,"summaryLong":"A high income is a badge of success in many countries, but in Sweden a deep-rooted cultural code called Jantelagen stops many from talking about it.","summaryShort":"Where a deep-rooted cultural code stops many from talking about money","tag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"creationDateTime":"2019-10-08T20:30:46.255283Z","entity":"article","guid":"ed9da005-849d-4402-ac94-47387efbc26b","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth","modifiedDateTime":"2019-10-09T13:50:18.51899Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20191008-jantelagen-why-swedes-wont-talk-about-wealth","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827729},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country","_id":"5d9dadbc46361d552f6dabe8","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"Finland regularly tops global rankings as the happiest nation on the planet, but this brings a unique set of challenges for young people struggling with depression.","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EBasking in the sunshine outside a coffee shop decked out with minimalist Nordic furniture and colourful textiles, Tuukka Saarni is something of a poster boy for Finland’s position atop the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fworldhappiness.report\u002Fed\u002F2019\u002F\"\u003EUN’s happiness rankings\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, for the second year in a row.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I’m pretty happy right now,” says the 19-year-old, who recently finished high school and is about to start a job in a grocery store after a few months searching for work.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn fact, he rates his happiness levels as 10 out of 10, saying neither he nor anyone in his friendship group has experienced depression.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Our lives are going really well,” he says. “It’s a great mixture of things. We have good weather – sometimes at least – good education and good healthcare.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA national culture that supports spending time alone as well as with friends is also something he values, alongside Finland’s ample nature and low unemployment levels. “There’s a lot of jobs...if one is ready to apply and search for a job, then I think everyone can get a job,” he argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is these kind of markers – alongside high levels of trust and security and low rates of inequality – that explain Finland’s \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Ftravel\u002Fstory\u002F20180617-why-the-finns-dont-want-to-be-happy\"\u003Esometimes controversial\u003C\u002Fa\u003E top position in global happiness rankings.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe small, northerly nation, with a population of just 5.5 million people, has historically been stereotyped as having a melancholic mentality linked to its long, dark winters – it \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Ftravel\u002Fstory\u002F20180617-why-the-finns-dont-want-to-be-happy\"\u003Eisn’t a place where you regularly see outpourings of joy or other positive emotions\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Yet, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fworld-43414145\"\u003Elike its Scandinavian neighbours\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Finland ticks the bulk of the boxes that typically influence subjective well-being around the world.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"infographic","imageAlignment":"centre","pullQuoteImageAlignment":"centre","videoImageAlign":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07p612b"],"imageAlignment":"right","imageAltText":"Tuukka Saarni","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E‘More complex world’\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut many experts argue that this image of Finland as a happy nation glosses over ongoing challenges when it comes to mental health – especially when it comes to young people. Some believe it may even be making it harder for Finns to recognise and acknowledge depressive symptoms and seek treatment.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESuicide rates in Finland are half what they were in the 1990s and have \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fspkonferens2017.se\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2017\u002F09\u002FFinland-suicide-prevention_Isomets%C3%A4_130917.pdf\"\u003Ereduced across all age groups\u003C\u002Fa\u003E – a shift which has been linked to a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthl.fi\u002Fen\u002Fweb\u002Fthlfi-en\u002F-\u002Fthe-darkest-years-made-finland-the-top-country-in-suicide-prevention\"\u003Enationwide suicide prevention campaign\u003C\u002Fa\u003E when things were at their worst, alongside improved treatment for depression.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut they \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002Fosasto\u002Fnews\u002Feurostat_falling_suicide_rate_in_finland_nears_european_average\u002F10324113\"\u003Eremain well above the European average\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. One third of all deaths among 15- to 24-year-olds are caused by suicide. According to a 2018 report, \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fnorden.diva-portal.org\u002Fsmash\u002Fget\u002Fdiva2:1236906\u002FFULLTEXT02.pdf\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EIn the Shadow of Happiness\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, authored by the Nordic Council of Ministers and the Happiness Research Institute in Copenhagen, some 16% of Finnish women aged 18 to 23 and 11% of young men define themselves as “struggling” or “suffering” in life. This level is only worse in the age bracket of 80 or above.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Suicide rates in Finland are half what they were in 1990s…but they remain well above the European average","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EThe last in-depth nationwide study of depression in Finland was in 2011, but not-for-profit organisation Mieli (Mental Health Finland) estimates that around 20% of under 30s have experienced depressive symptoms in the last year.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It is prevalent,” says Juho Mertanen, a psychologist for the organisation. “And there are signs it might be rising, although this rise is not as extreme as some of the media here have made out.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA 2017 report for the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnordicwelfare.org\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2017\u002F10\u002Ffinland_webb-1.pdf\"\u003ENordic Centre for Welfare and Social Issues\u003C\u002Fa\u003E highlighted close links between substance abuse and ill health, noting that Finns drink more than their Nordic neighbours. There has also been an increase in drug use in the 25 to 34 age group. And while nationwide unemployment rates are low, they are significantly higher among young people. Some 12.5% of 15- to 19-year-olds were jobless at the end of 2018, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu\u002Fnui\u002Fshow.do?dataset=yth_empl_100&lang=en\"\u003Ethe highest proportion in the Nordics\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and above the EU average of 11.5%.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07p629z"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Juho Mertanen","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMertanen agrees that the job market in Finland is playing a role when it comes to mental health issues among young people because “there is a lot of uncertainty nowadays”. While Finland is a financially stable country by international standards, inequality is rising, he adds. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe also points out that Finland is exposed to global trends in digitalisation and embracing the gig economy, which are beginning to \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.oecd.org\u002Fels\u002Fhealth-systems\u002FChildren-and-Young-People-Mental-Health-in-the-Digital-Age.pdf\"\u003Eplay a role in discussions about mental health\u003C\u002Fa\u003E among young people across the western world. “The world is becoming more complex...The economy is changing – there are less stable careers that you can kind of just get into and then work [your] way through and then retire,” says Mertanen.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESocial media, he argues, may also be having an impact on the mental health of young people in Finland and elsewhere. While he is quick to point out that long-term, large-scale research looking at the impact of the likes of Instagram and Facebook remains limited, he explains that “the depressed mind is prone to comparison” and social media offers an easy way for some to “start comparing [their] own worst moments with the best moments of someone else's life”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"While Finland is a financially stable country by international standards, inequality is rising","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMertanen says it is even possible that Finland’s image as a place where people are expected to be satisfied with life might be exacerbating the negative impact of these global trends on young Finns, who don’t feel their experiences match the stereotype.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I would say the happiness research and the social media... I can see it's feeding into the kind of black-and-white world view of the depressed mind,” he argues. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E‘Everything was fine, but…’\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt’s a view shared by plenty of young Finns who have experienced depression themselves.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“You almost feel like you don't have the right to be depressed when you're living in a country like Finland where the living standard is so high,” explains Kirsi-Marja Moberg, now 34, who was first diagnosed with depression as a teenager and struggled with the illness throughout her twenties.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07p6274"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Kirsi-Marja Moberg","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“You feel really like you should be just enjoying yourself and all the possibilities that you have when you're still young. And also the society can really give you this kind of image.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“In Finland... you feel that everything should be alright, even though it's not,” agrees Jonne Juntura, a 27-year-old junior doctor who was depressed for six months during his university studies.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe points out that while difficult personal and societal events are often linked to depression – for example, break-ups or a recession – it is an illness that can affect people regardless of their standard of living.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Even though we’re the happiest country in the world according to the statistics, it doesn’t tell the whole story – Jonne Juntura","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“Even though we're the happiest country in the world according to the statistics, it doesn't tell the whole story. Because depression is a disease and it doesn't always relate to circumstances.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“The moment I personally fell ill, everything was fine with my life. I was really enjoying my school. I loved my hobbies. I was in a relationship. So there was nothing dramatically wrong with my life. But still, I fell ill,” he explains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA social stigma?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMost mental health experts agree that taboos around depression and anxiety have started to break down in Finland, especially since the nationwide anti-suicide push. This has contributed to more people seeking treatment, which makes it tricky to compare depression rates through the years and across age groups.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut many young Finns who have experienced depression, including Kirsi-Marja Moberg, believe there is still a stigma attached to anyone “identified as a depressed person”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It depends what kind of social circles you are in or also, maybe, where you live in Finland, how freely people talk about these things...the taboo is definitely still there,” she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-12"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07p6jc1"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Kirsi-Marja Moberg and Jonne Juntura","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-13"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile in a culture where privacy is valued, overt displays of emotions are rare and even small talk is \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Ftravel\u002Fstory\u002F20181016-how-the-finnish-survive-without-small-talk\"\u003Etypically kept to a minimum\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, acknowledging and discussing depression can remain a challenge for some Finns with the illness.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It's not just a stereotype,” says Jonne Juntura of the Finns’ reputation for limited communication.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENow treating his own patients with depression, he argues that young men in Finland can find it especially hard to verbalise what they are going through.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Mental health problems are still associated with being weak, and in the masculine culture, some people see it as a hard thing to say they are feeling that bad.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGetting treatment\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen it comes to getting help for depression, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmieli.fi\u002Fen\u002Fhome\u002Fmental-health\u002Fseeking-help-mental-health-problems\u002Fmental-health-services\"\u003Emunicipal authorities\u003C\u002Fa\u003E are responsible for mental health services, which are heavily subsidised by taxes. This means that, as in other Nordic countries with strong welfare systems, those experiencing mental health problems should not, in theory, struggle to get help or suffer financially.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, in recent years there have been ongoing political debates about \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002Fosasto\u002Fnews\u002Fmore_than_100000_youth_face_mental_health_disorders_long_queues_for_care\u002F10885605\"\u003Elong waiting lists in larger cities\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, access to treatment for patients in more remote areas, and managing care for teenagers as they transition into adulthood.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-14"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07p61tk"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Helsinki city","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-15"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“It's really difficult to get help quickly …[it] might take weeks or even months. And in a crisis situation, that's too long,” says Emmi Kuosmanen, who works with teenagers at a high school in Helsinki. “I think the need has increased...But the health services haven't caught up.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMental Health Finland psychologist Juho Mertanen agrees that early intervention is crucial to recovery, especially among young people experiencing depressive symptoms for the first time.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“With mental health, usually if you don't get help early on, then there's a lot of time to kind of ‘dig a hole deeper’, in a way,” he says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-16"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Early intervention is crucial to recovery, especially among young people experiencing depressive symptoms for the first time","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-17"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EOne tool that has gained \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.theguardian.com\u002Fhealthcare-network\u002F2017\u002Fapr\u002F05\u002Fwhat-uk-learn-finland-approach-mental-health-nhs\"\u003Eincreasing popularity in recent years\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is the online platform \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.mielenterveystalo.fi\u002Fen\u002FPages\u002Fdefault.aspx\"\u003EMental Health Hub\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, which was set up by professor Grigori Joffe and Dr Matti Holi at Helsinki University Central hospital as a response to fragmented mental health services and to address the need for treatment across the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmieli.fi\u002Fen\u002Fhome\u002Fmental-health\u002Fseeking-help-mental-health-problems\u002Fmental-health-services\"\u003Esparsely-populated largely rural nation\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Now used by all health districts, it provides information on where to go for treatment, self-help tools and even video therapy sessions for people with mild to moderate depression. There is also a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmieli.fi\u002Fen\u002Fhome\u002Fmental-health\u002Fsuicide\u002Fsuicidal-thoughts\"\u003Enational crisis hotline\u003C\u002Fa\u003E run by Mental Health Finland.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, a nationwide \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002Fosasto\u002Fnews\u002Fmental_health_therapy_guarantee_initiative_reaches_50k_target\u002F10887143\"\u003Epublic petition calling for every person who seeks help for a mental health issue to be guaranteed a short psychotherapeutic intervention within as little as a month\u003C\u002Fa\u003E has attracted more than 50,000 signatures, the minimum needed for an initiative to be debated in parliament. Finland’s Minister of Family Affairs and Social Services Krista Kiuru backs the initiative and it is set to be discussed by politicians later this year. The annual cost of this so-called ‘Therapy Guarantee’ initiative is estimated at €35 million a year (around $36m), however campaigners argue that it could save 10 times as much by helping to reduce sickness or unemployment benefits.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-18"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07p619q"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Helsinki garden","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-19"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGlobal awareness\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJunior doctor Jonne Juntura says he is confident that despite Finland’s current challenges when it comes to tackling depression among young people, services will continue to improve.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe hopes that – alongside greater investment in early intervention – a broader national conversation will also evolve as a result of expanding global awareness about depression. The \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fmental_health\u002FSDGs\u002Fen\u002F\"\u003EUnited Nations’ recent inclusion of mental health as a sustainable development goal\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is one example of a sea-change in attitudes in recent years, according to Juntura.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“People are slowly starting to understand how big of an issue mental health is, and how many resources [are needed] individually and when it comes to society,” he argues. “There is still a lot to be done...But I do feel really optimistic.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country-20"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-09-25T16:55:25Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"infographic","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"Being depressed in the 'world's happiest country'","headlineShort":"Depressed in the 'happiest country'","image":["p07p6cv7"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Kirsi Marja Moberg and Jonne Juntura","isSyndicated":true,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":null,"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":["p07p619q"],"relatedStories":null,"relatedTag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"summaryLong":"Finland regularly tops global rankings as the happiest nation on the planet, but this brings a unique set of challenges for young people struggling with depression.","summaryShort":"A unique set of mental health challenges in a Nordic nation","tag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"creationDateTime":"2019-09-24T20:10:14.549168Z","entity":"article","guid":"a9ba07b5-c714-4d83-8ad4-dfab5ea4e7d3","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country","modifiedDateTime":"2019-09-25T18:56:26.104824Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20190924-being-depressed-in-the-worlds-happiest-country","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827730},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries","_id":"5d9dadbb46361d552f6da812","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"Even Europe's most egalitarian countries struggle to put women on an even footing at work. In the Nordics, why do women still lag behind men in pay, management and company ownership?","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EWhen Bolette Wrestroem moved back to Denmark after spending most of her twenties overseas, she was excited to experience the “gender equality” for which the Nordic region is globally famous. At first, she wasn’t disappointed.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I definitely think Denmark is more open-minded than all the other places I have lived,” says the 28-year-old, now a community manager for a Copenhagen start-up. “There is more focus on what you are capable of, instead of your gender.” \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut amid immersion in a culture that seemed to actively champion women’s rights, she couldn’t escape the fact that there were still “primarily white males sitting at the top” of many of the best-known companies. Denmark’s global image, versus the reality, “didn’t always match up”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is a paradox that many women working in the Nordics will recognise.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe region has a glowing reputation as the best place in the world when it comes to gender equality, thanks to welfare states that support working families and promote parental leave, and legal, political and cultural support for the goal of gender equality.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut many experts argue that progress has flatlined, suggesting these countries are further from achieving equality than global observers might imagine.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“We do have the idea of being gender equal…but we have a long way to go before we \u003Cem\u003Eare\u003C\u002Fem\u003E gender equal,” argues Anneli Häyren, a researcher at the Centre for Gender Research at Uppsala University in Sweden. “I think it will take quite a lot of time - another 50 years at least - until we get there - and that is only if we keep working at it.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"infographic","imageAlignment":"centre","pullQuoteImageAlignment":"centre","videoImageAlign":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07m2002"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGlass ceilings\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStrong progress has been made in the public sector; in Sweden \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnorden.diva-portal.org\u002Fsmash\u002Fget\u002Fdiva2:1240031\u002FFULLTEXT01.pdf\"\u003Emore women than men currently hold management positions\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in this sphere. In politics, 46% of Swedish members of parliament are women, while the proportion in other Nordic countries is around 40%.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, there are still surprisingly few women in senior private sector roles. Just  28% of managers in Denmark are female, rising to 32% in Finland and Norway, and 36% in Sweden, according to a report by independent think tank \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fobject.cato.org\u002Fsites\u002Fcato.org\u002Ffiles\u002Fpubs\u002Fpdf\u002Fpa-835.pdf\"\u003EThe Cato Institute\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in 2018. Iceland is the highest-scoring Nordic country, with 40%. But that is still three points behind the US, where 43% of managers are women, despite the US ranking just 51 in the \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww3.weforum.org\u002Fdocs\u002FWEF_GGGR_2018.pdf\"\u003EWorld Economic Forum\u003C\u002Fa\u003E’s Gender Gap index.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStrong concerns about this disparity were raised last year in \u003Cem\u003EThe Nordic Gender Effect at Work, \u003C\u002Fem\u003Ea \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnorden.diva-portal.org\u002Fsmash\u002Fget\u002Fdiva2:1240031\u002FFULLTEXT01.pdf\"\u003Ereport from the Nordic Council of Ministers\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, an advisory body. The writers found “a troubling pattern” in businesses - “the higher up the hierarchy you look, the more men you will see”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It feels more equal than in the US, because people are more focused and consistent in talking about the topic...But I am not sure they are always held accountable in terms of upholding those ideals,” agrees Dani Nguyen, 31, an executive recruiter based in the Swedish capital who previously worked in Silicon Valley.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen it comes to pay, the difference between gross average hourly earnings of male and female employees in Denmark, Iceland and Norway is only slightly below the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fec.europa.eu\u002Feurostat\u002Fstatistics-explained\u002Findex.php\u002FGender_pay_gap_statistics\"\u003EEU average of 16%\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. In Finland the figure creeps to 16.7%. Sweden comes out best with 12.3%, but still lags behind Luxembourg, Italy and Romania, which all manage a pay gap of 5% or less.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, women in the Nordics trail their male counterparts in attracting investment for new businesses. Only 1% of investments registered in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fai.nordictechlist.com\u002F\"\u003ENordic Tech List database\u003C\u002Fa\u003E last year went to companies headed solely by female founders, according to figures analysed by Swedish business news site \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdigital.di.se\u002Fartikel\u002Fmannens-techbolag-far-99-procent-av-allt-riskkapital\"\u003EDI Digital\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It is definitely a problem,” says \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Frikkeeckhoff\u002F\"\u003ERikke Eckhoff Høvding\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, CEO of industry body The Norwegian Venture Capital and Private Equity Association (NVCA).  “It is easier to get VC funding if you are male. We have had this discussion a lot in the last few years and everyone is asking ‘what we can do next?’.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07m1znf"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhy has progress stalled?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGender experts and campaigners are at odds over why the region continues to face these disparities.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne common explanation is that women are more likely than men to choose public sector careers. This contributes to the pay gap (public sector jobs tend to pay less) and limits the pool of female talent available for top private sector roles. But the reasons women tend to pick these careers remain up for debate.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELast year, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedaily.com\u002Freleases\u002F2018\u002F02\u002F180214150132.htm\"\u003Eresearchers in the US and UK\u003C\u002Fa\u003E found that countries with an existing culture of gender equality have an even smaller proportion of women taking degrees in science, technology and mathematics (STEM).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It is a paradox … nobody would have expected this to be the reality of our time,” says Professor Gijsbert Stoet, one of the report’s authors.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe argues that since Nordic countries have a generally high standard of living and strong welfare states, young women are free to pick careers based on their own interests, which he says are often more likely to include working in care-giving roles or with languages. By contrast, high achievers in less stable economies might choose STEM careers based on the income and security they provide, even if they prefer other areas.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Girls and boys are different, and have different preferences on the whole,” he argues. He believes too much media focus is placed on the lack of women in CEO positions, since these account for such a small proportion of jobs overall, and suggests that more men fill these roles since “the personality traits and ambition to be important and famous is higher in men than women”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut others strongly believe that social conditioning is the major driver when it comes to women’s career choices and promotion opportunities, and stress that gender stereotypes persist.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I don’t think it’s about choice, it’s about structures … to say it’s about choice is to ‘blame the victim’,” says Anneli Häyren at the Centre for Gender Research at Uppsala University.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe argues that men remain better paid due to a greater value being placed on management positions and in certain sectors, such as tech and science, which are “male-gendered”, in contrast to “female-gendered” jobs focused on caregiving. She says men in professions like preschool teaching or nursing usually find it easier to climb these career ladders than women entering “male-gendered” areas. “It is a waterproof sign of how strong the patriarchy is,” she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHäyren also rejects the idea that women in the Nordics are less ambitious than men. “Research suggests it is often a strategic decision not to apply for certain roles…Women do want (it), but they realise that they won’t get it.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07m4zfz"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"When it comes to pay, the difference between gross average hourly earnings of male and female employees in Denmark, Iceland and Norway is only slightly below the EU average of 16%","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWork-life balance\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJuggling a career with family life remains a challenge for some women in the Nordics, despite policies like \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fworklife\u002Farticle\u002F20151124-the-best-city-for-working-families\"\u003Esubsidised childcare\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fworklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work\"\u003Eflexible working hours\u003C\u002Fa\u003E encouraging couples to share parenting.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile Nordic fathers do take more parental leave than anywhere else in the world, the gender split of parenting labour remains far from equal. In Iceland and Sweden - which have the most generous policies - almost 30% of leave is taken by fathers, while in Norway the figure is just over 19%, and the proportion drops to 11% in Denmark and Finland, according to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.norden.org\u002Fen\u002Fpublication\u002Fnordic-gender-effect-work\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThe Nordic Gender Effect at Work\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E report.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also flags two ongoing challenges; women are more likely to work part-time and they invest more hours in housework or caring for elderly relatives than men. Many who can afford help choose not to, because there is a degree of stigma attached to outsourcing household chores in Scandinavia. Even the region’s most high-profile influencer and businesswoman, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-41767407\"\u003EIsabella Löwengrip\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, faced criticism when she hired a personal assistant after divorcing her husband.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Men are more active in family life...But women still feel split between work and home and being a good parent - even though we are not in the 1950s anymore,” reflects \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.facebook.com\u002Fanettetvedergaard\"\u003EAnette Tvedergaard Madsen, \u003C\u002Fa\u003E45, who has three children and holds a senior marketing role at one of Denmark’s largest banks.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMadsen argues that most Nordic companies recognise the benefits of a diverse workforce and its importance when it comes to employer branding. “You want to be a modern organisation and an attractive workplace by creating diversity - not only male and female but also different nationalities,” she says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut the marketing strategist believes that unconscious biases can affect senior hiring decisions. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Men are definitely not trying to avoid women in top positions,” she argues, but “who they know best and who is sitting next to them” continues to play a role, as well as protecting their own reputations.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStockholm-based recruiter Dani Nguyen agrees. “Even in Sweden there is something of an ‘old boys club’, she argues. “The corporate environment has been built by white men and for white men.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07m4zjm"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat can be done?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECampaigners are proposing a wide range of solutions to move forward, including calls for individual company targets for senior managers or nationwide quotas. “If this isn’t a KPI (key performance indicator) the business is held accountable for, it becomes a side hobby and side hobbies aren’t always invested in financially or time wise,” argues Nguyen.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut critics of fixed targets argue that the concept could devalue the way women hired under this regime are perceived in the workplace. Danish start-up community manager Bolette Wrestroem says quotas, while potentially a “good stepping-stone”, could also suggest that “women are only there because it is required and not because of their skills or capabilities”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EQuotas for board members have already been introduced on a nationwide scale in Norway and Iceland. But as \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.norden.org\u002Fen\u002Fpublication\u002Fnordic-gender-effect-work\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThe Nordic Gender Effect at Work\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E report points out, improvements at board level have not led to a jump in the number of women CEOs or managers. “One reason for this is that the business world is characterised by a wide range of leadership standards and traits that are typically (perhaps stereotypically) associated with men,” it concludes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENguyen says she has placed several women in high positions in Swedish head offices who ended up leaving because they felt they needed to adapt too much to be heard. “The most important step is creating an environment where people of different backgrounds, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexuality, feel empowered and supported to do their best,” she argues. “We cannot just hire females and minorities and expect them to figure it out.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMany campaigners argue that educating male employees on the benefits of diversity should be more prominent. Numerous \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.piie.com\u002F\"\u003Eglobal \u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.piie.com\u002F\"\u003Estudies\u003C\u002Fa\u003E have concluded that there is a positive correlation between the presence of women in leadership roles and an organisation's performance.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe chief executive of Heba, a Stockholm rental company \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic1.squarespace.com\u002Fstatic\u002F5501a836e4b0472e6124f984\u002Ft\u002F587ca50fcd0f68a2e5dd7ef4\u002F1484563733811\u002FAllBrightrapporten+2016_ENG.pdf\"\u003Enamed-and-shamed\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for low male-female diversity, recently made headlines for admitting he hadn’t thought about the advantages of having more women managers until his top executive team achieved gender balance.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"I thought competence was the main thing - competence and attitude - not sex, but I've changed my mind. The workplace works better because of the [gender] mix,\" Lennart Karlsson \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-39900449\"\u003Etold the BBC\u003C\u002Fa\u003E shortly afterwards. \"The discussion climate is better, you have a better conversation and a better understanding for each other.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Norway, a private equity firm criticised for a lack of female managers recently introduced a policy making it \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dn.no\u002Fmarked\u002Fnorge\u002Foslo\u002Ffsn-capital\u002Fstemplet-som-likestillingsversting-na-tvinger-finanstoppen-ansatte-til-a-ta-pappaperm-og-legger-firmaturer-til-badeland-pa-mallorca\u002F2-1-285499\"\u003Emandatory for all fathers\u003C\u002Fa\u003E to take at least two months’ parental leave, or risk losing their bonus, to help reduce \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fworklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-unconscious-bias\"\u003Eunconscious bias\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“If I am a female and I look at the male team members around me becoming fathers and none of them take any parental leave, I will feel that I am an outlier when I get pregnant and I need my parental leave,” says Chief Operating Officer Morten Welo. “So we thought - ‘let’s turn this around’, and say it’s mandatory regardless of gender.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe says the policy also sends “an important signal” that he hopes will encourage more young female graduates to consider the company. “To attract the best talent, we need better diversity.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMore companies are also experimenting with digital platforms designed to help tackle unconscious biases. Tengai, the world's first robot designed to carry out unbiased job interviews, is being \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-47442953\"\u003Etested by major Swedish recruitment firm TNG\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. In Norway, \u003Cem\u003E \u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.equalitycheck.it\u002Fwhatwedo\"\u003EEquality Check\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, a community-based platform of employee reviews rating equality in companies (similar to the English-language Glassdoor platform), has become a popular tool for both applicants and HR professionals.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Big funds have also become a lot more aware of how they write job descriptions - what words you use and how do you conduct the interview processes,” adds \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Frikkeeckhoff\u002F\"\u003ERikke Eckhoff Høvding\u003C\u002Fa\u003E at the Norwegian Venture Capital and Private Equity Association (NVCA). “I would say no-one knows the answers, so we need to try different things, readjust and think of something new if it doesn’t work.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07m1zx5"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFinding role models\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn a political level, all the Nordic governments are working to tackle the gender gap.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELast year Iceland became the first country in the world to require companies with 25 or more workers to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.npr.org\u002Fsections\u002Fthetwo-way\u002F2018\u002F01\u002F03\u002F575403863\u002Fcompanies-in-iceland-now-required-to-demonstrate-they-pay-men-women-fairly\"\u003Edemonstrate that they pay men and women equally for the same work\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, with daily fines for firms that fail to do so.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFinland’s new \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnordiclaw.fi\u002Fnew-working-hours-act-of-finland-enters-into-force-1-january-2020\u002F\"\u003EWorking Hours Act\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E,\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E due to come into force in 2020, will give the majority of full-time employees the right to decide when and where they work for at least half of their working hours, in a move designed to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fworklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work\"\u003Ehelp boost flexibility\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EInitiatives in Sweden include the recent launch of the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jamstalldhetsmyndigheten.se\u002Fen\"\u003EGender Equality Agency\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, designed to promote better coordination on the issue, and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.politico.eu\u002Farticle\u002Fsweden-education-system-digital-revamp-coding-stockholm-school\u002F\"\u003Ecoding lessons for children\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, partly aimed at tackling early biases in terms of tech-based career choices.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, many campaigners agree that grassroots efforts designed to empower women on an individual level remain essential. “Role models are really important. It’s hard to be what you can’t see,” argues \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fin\u002Frikkeeckhoff\u002F\"\u003ERikke Eckhoff Høvding\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. “But you can visualise a career path and take risks if you see others who have taken that path.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe says that the start-up community in Scandinavia is already making strides in this area, through meet-ups, conferences and networking events targeting the gender gap. “Female founders are very keen to promote other female founders,” she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETwo successful Swedish female entrepreneurs - Charlotte Sundåker and Linda Waxin - recently launched \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fownershift.se\u002F\"\u003EOwnershift\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, an independent think tank designed to expand discussions about gender equality to include ownership and risk-taking. In Sweden, men still own roughly double what women own in terms of capital, land, real estate, forests and natural resources.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“We think that if more women create their own structures and companies, the overall structure will change into more empathic systems,” says Sundåker.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStaying in the spotlight\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor Anneli Häyren, at the Centre for Gender Research in Uppsala, a key goal is simply to ensure that public discussions about gender equality continue, both in Nordic nations and on a global scale.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“On some level it really hit the brakes,” she says of public discourse in recent years. “Quite a lot of people think we have discussed it enough and it is a dead debate.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut she believes that raising awareness of the ongoing challenges in Sweden and the Nordics is essential, so that the region can pick up the pace of change and continue to inspire the world.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries-12"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-09-04T22:35:55Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"infographic","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"The 'paradox' of working in the world's most equal countries","headlineShort":"Can the Nordics really nail equality?","image":["p07mf3yq"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"woman cafe pink hair","isSyndicated":true,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":null,"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":null,"relatedStories":null,"relatedTag":null,"summaryLong":"Even Europe's most egalitarian countries struggle to put women on an even footing at work. In the Nordics, why do women still lag behind men in pay, management and company ownership?","summaryShort":"Why even these countries are still failing to make women equal at work","tag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"creationDateTime":"2019-09-03T21:02:23.263218Z","entity":"article","guid":"ee4d1ea2-748d-4218-a6c9-ea4ea781241c","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries","modifiedDateTime":"2019-09-04T15:51:17.304286Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20190831-the-paradox-of-working-in-the-worlds-most-equal-countries","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827730},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone","_id":"5d9dadbe46361d552f6dbe13","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"Swedes typically stop living with their parents earlier than anywhere else in Europe. But can leaving home at a young age have a dark side?","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EFleeing the family nest is a rite of passage many teenagers dream of, yet it’s a luxury millennials and Generation Z across much of the Western world are having to wait much longer for.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the US, more young people are living with their parents than at any time since 1940, according to a recent \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.pewsocialtrends.org\u002F2016\u002F05\u002F24\u002Ffor-first-time-in-modern-era-living-with-parents-edges-out-other-living-arrangements-for-18-to-34-year-olds\"\u003EPew Research Center analysis\u003C\u002Fa\u003E of census data. A 2019 study by British think tank \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.civitas.org.uk\u002Fcontent\u002Ffiles\u002Friseandfalltheshiftinhouseholdgrowthratessincethe1990s.pdf\"\u003ECivitas\u003C\u002Fa\u003E found that the proportion of 23-year-olds living with their parents in the UK had risen from 37% in 1998 to 49% a decade later.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"infographic","imageAlignment":"centre","pullQuoteImageAlignment":"centre","videoImageAlign":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"In Sweden, the most common age to leave home is between 18 and 19, compared to the EU average of 26","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIn Sweden it’s a different story. The most common age to leave home is between 18 and 19, compared to the EU average of 26, according to \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu\u002Fnui\u002Fshow.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-344495_QID_-50DAB6C1_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=SEX,L,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;TIME,C,Z,1;INDICATORS,C,Z,2;&zSelection=DS-344495UNIT,AVG;DS-344495INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-344495TIME,2017;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName4=SEX_1_2_0_0&rankName5=GEO_1_2_0_1&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=ROLLING&time_most_recent=true&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23\"\u003EEurostat\u003C\u002Fa\u003E figures. And a significant proportion of these young Swedes aren’t moving into cramped house shares or student dorms. They are living alone.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I’d always wanted to move out of home and I’d always felt ready,” says Ida Staberg, who has been renting an apartment by herself in Vällingby, a suburb north-west of Stockholm, for two years, since she was 19.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Video","iFrameType":"","videoImage":"urn:pubstack:jative:image:p07lb9k7","videoImageAlign":"centre","videoTitle":"‘Even if it is tough… it teaches you a lot’","videoUrn":["p07l8515"],"id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EVideo by Maddy Savage and Benoît Derrier.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt’s a sparsely-decorated studio – just a few photos and a wire butterfly hanging on the wall – around 30 sq m in size. She has a long-term rent-controlled contract that costs her around $850 (8,000 kronor) a month, which she pays from her salary working for a security firm. Her parents and two younger siblings live about an hour away on the other side of the city.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“To know I can look after myself and I have power over my own life, without being guided by my family or my siblings and their timetable,” are the main benefits, she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"More than half of Swedish households are single-person, the highest proportion in the EU","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMore than half of Swedish households are single-person, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fec.europa.eu\u002Feurostat\u002Fweb\u002Fproducts-eurostat-news\u002F-\u002FDDN-20170905-1?inheritRedirect=true\"\u003Ethe highest proportion in the EU\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, according to Eurostat. Official figures given to the BBC by the Swedish government’s number-crunching agency Statistics Sweden suggest that includes around one in five 18- to 25-year-olds, although its researchers estimate that the real number could be higher, since many remain registered at their parents’ address while they stay in sublet rentals.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l5jhq"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EThe norm of moving out at a young age has even persisted during a \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20160517-this-is-one-city-where-youll-never-find-a-home\"\u003Emajor housing squeeze\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Long queues for rent-controlled accommodation and a pricey subletting market have made it harder to find affordable apartments in major cities and forced some to delay fleeing the nest. But the proportion of young people living by themselves has barely changed since 2011, according to Statistics Sweden.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It is special in Sweden – and the Nordics – that there is much less variation in leaving age than other countries,” explains Gunnar Andersson, professor of demography at Stockholm University.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“In other parts of Europe it’s not considered problematic to depend on your family and in southern Europe it should even be considered a goal – if you don’t, it would be like rejecting your family,” he says. “In Sweden...it’s the goal to create an independent individual...there’s seen to be something wrong if the child stays at home.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"In Sweden...it’s the goal to create an independent individual...there’s seen to be something wrong if the child stays at home – Gunnar Andersson","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EAndersson explains that Sweden’s “culture of individualism” dates back centuries, with teenagers in rural communities typically leaving home to go and work on another farm. In more recent years the norm of young people living alone has, he says, remained realistic thanks to Sweden’s strong welfare state which, in theory, should enable them to have access to affordable housing, healthcare and education without relying on relatives or partners for help.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, he says that the housing stock in Swedish towns and cities, which is largely made up of compact apartments, “helps maintain” this norm. By contrast, in urban hubs like London, Paris or New York there are numerous converted townhouses that make sense for young professionals to share.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l8w25"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELiberating or lonely?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut while many young Swedes enjoy the kind of social and financial freedom that might sound like fantasy to many global peers, there are concerns that fleeing the nest so soon can have its downsides.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKarin Schulz, general secretary of the Swedish mental health charity Mind, argues that while “it's great for young people to be able to be independent,” Sweden’s focus on moving out after high school can have a damaging impact on those who are not yet mentally equipped to live alone.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“For some they're not really ready for it...You have a lot of things to think about, a lot of decisions to make and it is a struggle for many,” she explains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIda Staberg, now 21, experienced problems with budgeting and administrative tasks when she first moved into her apartment in Vällingby.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-12"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"In the beginning I didn’t even know how to pay a bill and then there’s also the stress of getting money together yourself – Ida Staberg","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-13"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“I realised quickly that there was a lot to think about,” she explains. “In the beginning I didn’t even know how to pay a bill and then there’s also the stress of getting money together yourself, but also things like when the washing up liquid runs out and you can’t do the dishes, or the toilet paper doesn’t refill itself.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Schulz, “emotional loneliness” is another challenge. While most teenagers have active social lives and large networks on social media, she says some can struggle with moving out if they don't have a close friend or relative “to really talk about their life and their emotions to”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-14"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l5jl7"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-15"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EDespite \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20151124-the-best-city-for-working-families\"\u003ESweden’s global reputation for prioritising family life\u003C\u002Fa\u003E when children are small, Schulz believes that parents are often more focused on offering “practical rather than emotional” support once their offspring move out. \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se\u002Fpxweb\u002Fen\u002Fssd\u002FSTART__LE__LE0101__LE0101R\u002FLE0101R07\u002Ftable\u002FtableViewLayout1\u002F\"\u003EA 2017 study by Statistics Sweden\u003C\u002Fa\u003E found that more than 55% of 16 to 24 year-olds don’t socialise with any close relatives.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“We hear a lot that they [young people] don't have any adults that are courageous enough and open enough to really talk to them and take the initiative to really ask them how they are.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESchulz says it’s not possible to draw clear links between loneliness and specific mental health diagnoses. But the number of young adults aged 16 to 24 given treatment for psychiatric illness in Sweden has risen by nearly 70% over the past decade, according to figures released by Sweden’s National Board of Health and Welfare in 2018.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-16"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"The number of young adults given treatment for psychiatric illness in Sweden has risen by nearly 70% over the past decade","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-17"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EChristoffer Sandström, 26, who has lived alone since he was 21, has been vocal about his struggles after relocating to a rented flat in Stockholm from Sundsvall, a city around 380km north.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It tore on my mental health a bit and I felt more isolated than ever in my life,” he says. “I lost energy, and was feeling a bit more sad and not as excited in the morning or when the sun rose. I just wanted to make time go faster and get through the day.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe shared a house with friends during travels in Australia and says he found this less of a challenge. “There is a lot of pressure on young people [in Sweden] to be an adult and act like an adult,” he argues. “But it is more difficult to live by yourself than with friends and family.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe says he feels better since making a good group of friends at work and joining sport activities. “I still feel lonely sometimes, but it is a bit less now.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor Ida Staberg, the novelty of being independent also wore off quickly, and mental health problems she’d experienced as a younger teenager started to resurface. “I felt alone and did not have anyone close by,” she explains. “It was like an emptiness...It became easy to start thinking bad things about myself, or destructive thoughts.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-18"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l5jft"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-19"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EThere has not been a nationwide survey of loneliness since 2013, but that research for Statistics Sweden found that \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dn.se\u002Fnyheter\u002Fsverige\u002Far-ensamheten-bland-unga-vuxna-en-ny-epidemi\u002F\"\u003E16.8% of 16 to 24 year-olds said they had “felt alone during the last two weeks\u003C\u002Fa\u003E”. Only Swedes in the over-75s category reported higher levels of loneliness (17.4%).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDr Filip Fors Connolly, a sociologist at Umeå University in northern Sweden and co-author of the book chapter \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fumu.diva-portal.org\u002Fsmash\u002Frecord.jsf?language=sv&pid=diva2%3A825388&dswid=5\"\u003EThe Swedish Loneliness\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, argues that living alone is “definitely a factor” when it comes to perceived levels of emotional loneliness among young Swedes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, he warns that the bigger picture is more complex. For example, young people may tend to report feeling lonelier than more mature single household dwellers regardless of their objective social situation because they are “more insecure in themselves” at that age.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPlus it could be that young Swedes are increasingly raising concerns about loneliness because they are more comfortable talking about their needs and feelings than previous generations. Fors Connolly says it is therefore “not clear that the present generation feels lonelier compared to previous generations”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, other research suggests that the tendency to live alone in Sweden has not left it a lonelier nation than European neighbours. In fact, the latest European Social Survey, released in 2014, found that \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fec.europa.eu\u002Fjrc\u002Fsites\u002Fjrcsh\u002Ffiles\u002Ffairness_pb2018_loneliness_jrc_i1.pdf\"\u003Eonly 5% of Swedes experienced frequent loneliness\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, slightly lower than the European average of 7%.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA new kind of shared living?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYet despite a lack of hard data on the issue, loneliness as a potential social and health problem for young Swedes is increasingly generating discussion. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESweden’s largest daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter recently ran the headline ‘\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dn.se\u002Fnyheter\u002Fsverige\u002Far-ensamheten-bland-unga-vuxna-en-ny-epidemi\u002F\"\u003EIs loneliness among young people a new epidemic?\u003C\u002Fa\u003E’, while the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.rodakorset.fi\u002Fsok-stod-och-hjalp\u002Fhjalp-i-ensamheten\"\u003ERed Cross\u003C\u002Fa\u003E has increased resources for tackling loneliness among different age groups. One Nordic start-up, No Isolation, has been campaigning for the government to appoint a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.metro.se\u002Fasikt\u002Fdebatt:-sverige-behover-en-ensamhetsminister-P7DDnAFmu_\"\u003Eloneliness minister\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. The issue is also having an impact on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.thelocal.se\u002F20171223\u002Fwhy-is-it-so-hard-to-make-friends-with-the-swedes\"\u003Ediscussions about integration\u003C\u002Fa\u003E; Sweden frequently comes \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsverigesradio.se\u002Fsida\u002Fartikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=7035791\"\u003Eclose to the bottom of global rankings\u003C\u002Fa\u003E when it comes to the ease of making new friends.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere is a slow-burning public debate about whether shifts in Swedish housing and socialising habits might help tackle the issue. In larger cities, this includes a bubbling movement championing shared living.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-20"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l5jhz"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-21"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 2011, one of Stockholm’s limited medieval townhouses, named \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhus24.org\u002F\"\u003EHus 24\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, became the first property in the Nordics to be formally branded a co-living space. Launched by Lisa Renander, an entrepreneur who felt lonely when she moved back to Sweden from Silicon Valley, the building has 12 spots for young professionals looking for a shared home. A sister property, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.k9coliving.com\u002F\"\u003EK9\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, was launched five years later – a disused hotel renovated to hold 50 professionals who have so far included lawyers, consultants, teachers, bartenders and professional dancers alongside start-up workers.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe latest venture to make waves, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcolive.se\u002F\"\u003EColive\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, opened its first 11-person property in May 2019 in an airy converted attic in Södermalm, one of Stockholm’s hippest city-centre neighbourhoods. Here, the cost of a small double bedroom is around the same as Ida Staberg’s studio in Vällingby (around $850 a month).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Co-living (provides) a social arena for a lot of people that get lonely,” argues co-founder Katarina Liljestam Beyer. She says that addressing loneliness is a major goal of the company, alongside providing a solution to Stockholm’s \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20160517-this-is-one-city-where-youll-never-find-a-home\"\u003Elong queues for affordable apartments\u003C\u002Fa\u003E – and its long winters.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“In Sweden it's really dark in the evenings (during the winter) and you don't feel like going out during the week, which makes some people feel isolated. If you already live with other people, you have your dinner company under the same roof as your own room. If you don’t want to socialise, you can just close your door.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“As far as quality of life goes, it just gives much more joy to be around other people – especially if they're like-minded,” agrees 25-year-old Katrine Bimell, a virtual reality architect who is one of the initial housemates, carefully screened from hundreds of applicants.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-22"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l5jkh"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-23"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EShe says she was “feeling alright” when she lived alone in her late teens and early 20s, but experienced a major shift in her mood when she started co-living. “There was such a contrast... because then the life at home became much more colourful.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EColive wants to create tens of thousands of co-living units within a decade, aimed at 18- to 30-year-olds from all backgrounds, and believes there is a strong market. A 2014 report by innovation consultancy United Minds suggested \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fmb.cision.com\u002FPublic\u002F197\u002F9542344\u002Fa96a7d2f07b0993b.pdf\"\u003Ealmost half of 18 to 35 year-olds in Stockholm would be interested in sharing with friends or others\u003C\u002Fa\u003E outside their immediate family and Katarina Liljestam Beyer says the company’s own research has backed up the findings.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is perhaps no coincidence that the co-living trend has emerged in tandem with a \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20170331-how-do-younetworkin-anation-of-introverts\"\u003Eboom in apps\u003C\u002Fa\u003E finding other innovative ways to encourage Swedes to socialise. These include \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpanion.com\u002F\"\u003EPanion\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E,\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E which allows users to search for friends with similar interests and join group activities, and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gofrendly.se\u002F\"\u003EGoFrendly\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, a women-only platform that matches users with like-minded people in their area. The number of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.insidescandinavianbusiness.com\u002Farticle.php?id=202\"\u003Eco-working spaces\u003C\u002Fa\u003E has also mushroomed, reflecting the growing numbers of Swedes starting their own businesses or joining the gig economy, yet seeking the community of a shared space.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut just how mainstream co-living will become in Sweden remains up for debate. Housemate Katrine Bimell says people have been discussing the concept at parties “since a few years back” and is hopeful it will continue to grow.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“There is a reaction going on in people who are looking for a different context from living on their own,” she reflects. “It’s [happening] among different communities as well, with different values. It seems they [co-living spaces] are spreading here and all over the city.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-24"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07l5jj0"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-25"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EHowever demography professor Gunnar Andersson believes it is unlikely that collective housing projects will become mainstream any time soon, due to Sweden’s deep-rooted culture of individualism. Previous generations have also tested the idea, without it taking off on a large scale.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-26"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"In Sweden we like to feel like individuals. I think it’s a good thing – we are not as co-dependent as others – Jonna Lundin","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-27"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“Everybody seems to agree that this would be something great, in theory that is,” he argues. “In real life hardly anything seems to happen... probably because the arrangement doesn’t, after all, fit the Swedish logics and mindset.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile plenty of young Swedes say they wouldn’t trade their experience of living alone.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“In Sweden we like to feel like individuals. I think it’s a good thing – we are not as co-dependent as others,” says Jonna Lundin, who moved into a one-bedroom apartment in Stockholm aged 19 to attend university. “For me it was a way to get to know myself and what I want and what I like and don’t like.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHer boyfriend has recently moved in, but she says she was rarely lonely or bored while living solo and couldn’t imagine returning to her parents or living in collective housing if her relationship didn’t work out.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnd back in Vällingby, Ida Staberg argues that even after her own struggles with loneliness, she wouldn’t change what she’s been through. “Even if it is tough sometimes and difficult and feels lonely... it teaches you a lot and develops you a lot,” she says. “So I think it is something positive”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHer words recall an old Swedish proverb: “ensam är stark” – “alone is strong”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone-28"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-08-22T03:24:37Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"infographic","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"Why so many young Swedes live alone","headlineShort":"Why so many young Swedes live alone","image":["p07l5jj6"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"","isSyndicated":true,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":null,"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":null,"relatedStories":null,"relatedTag":null,"summaryLong":"In Sweden, people typically stop living with their parents earlier than anywhere else in Europe. But can leaving home at a young age have a dark side?","summaryShort":"A fifth of Swedes aged 18-25 live solo. But what's the downside?","tag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"creationDateTime":"2019-08-21T20:29:07.996055Z","entity":"article","guid":"24de01d8-6e51-4e41-aa6f-9d68c037e8d3","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone","modifiedDateTime":"2019-08-23T15:28:29.286514Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20190821-why-so-many-young-swedes-live-alone","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827731},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work","_id":"5d9dadbe46361d552f6dbad4","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"The Nordic nation has embraced agile hours for decades. It’s a style of work well suited to the country’s deep-rooted culture of trust, equality and pragmatism.","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMiika Härkönen was fed up with the long, dark winters in the Finnish capital Helsinki, so he asked his manager if he could work remotely from Spain for six months.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince his wife had just had a baby and was on parental leave, the idea was to “work from home” from a rental apartment in Malaga, doing his regular job as a senior team manager for an IT company while also maximising time with his family.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHis boss was open to the idea after Härkönen wrote down a list of his main tasks – which included managing 20 employees – and his solutions for completing them from his makeshift office.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It worked brilliantly actually, even a bit better than I thought,” beams Härkönen, who’s now back in the Helsinki office and sits at a stereotypically Scandinavian white desk, with a sheepskin draped over his chair.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"infographic","imageAlignment":"centre","pullQuoteImageAlignment":"centre","videoImageAlign":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j1b"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EHe says he kept in touch with his colleagues while he was away through online messaging tool Slack, video conferences and occasional trips back to Finland. Meanwhile he worked a flexible schedule, ensuring he could dial into important meetings in Helsinki, which is an hour ahead of Malaga, while also making the most of the Spanish weather, something he believes helped boost his productivity.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“We were hiking and trekking and swimming,” he explains. “Taking some distance and seeing things from a different perspective... I think it’s a good bonus for anyone who needs it or wants to have it.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile Härkönen was the first employee at the company to be offered such an extreme approach to remote and flexible working, he says he wasn’t surprised that his line manager agreed. The IT firm he works for, Ambientia, which has around 200 staff, began opening smaller regional offices more than 15 years ago as a response to staff calls to cut commuting times to Helsinki. It actively encourages staff to do some of their tasks remotely, as part of efforts to promote efficiency and creativity.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Not everyone wants to live in the hustle and bustle of a big city. It's wasteful not to utilise the talent that you might have five hours away – Jenni Fredriksson-Bass","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EMore recently, according to the firm’s HR manager Jenni Fredriksson-Bass, offering agile working patterns has become increasingly important in the race for talent. A small forest-packed country with a sparsely dispersed population of just 5.5 million, \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Ftravel\u002Fstory\u002F20190630-five-countries-on-the-frontline-of-tech\"\u003EFinland is nevertheless a major European tech hub\u003C\u002Fa\u003E which, while most famous for \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fav\u002Ftechnology-45727841\u002Fthe-fall-of-nokia-how-this-finnish-city-fought-back\"\u003ENokia’s\u003C\u002Fa\u003E rocky history, is a magnet for successful IT firms, gaming start-ups and digital financial services.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“But not everyone wants to live in the hustle and bustle of a big city where tech headquarters traditionally are located,” says Fredriksson-Bass. “It's wasteful not to utilise the talent that you might have five hours away…They can maybe live by a lake or near the forest and it's affordable and they can still do their job.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j4j"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Women cycling","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe right to adjust hours\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFew companies in Finland go quite as far as Ambientia when it comes to accommodating employees. But flexible working – still seen as a perk rather than a right in some countries – has been embedded in Finland’s working culture for more than two decades.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is largely thanks to the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.finlex.fi\u002Fen\u002Flaki\u002Fkaannokset\u002F1996\u002Fen19960605_20100991.pdf\"\u003EWorking Hours Act\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, passed in 1996, which gives most staff the right to adjust the typical daily hours of their workplace by starting or finishing up to three hours earlier or later.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Flexible working has been embedded in Finland’s working culture for more than two decades","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EBy 2011, Finland was offering the most \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ehstoday.com\u002Finternational\u002Fnews\u002Ffinland-sweden-australia-flexible-work-schedules-0606\"\u003Eflexible working schedules on the planet\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, according to a study for global accounting firm Grant Thornton, with 92% of companies allowing workers to adapt their hours, compared to 76% in the UK and the US, 50% in Russia and just 18% in Japan.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince then, discussions about the benefits of flexible working have intensified around the world, with a boom in large global companies embracing the concept – from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-29356627\"\u003EVirgin\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-45353786\"\u003EPwC\u003C\u002Fa\u003E to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-41306954\"\u003EDixons Carphone\u003C\u002Fa\u003E – alongside nationwide legislation designed to promote more agile working in countries including \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.hrmonline.com.au\u002Fsection\u002Flegal\u002Fchanges-flexible-work-laws-hr-needs-know\u002F\"\u003EAustralia\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-45253060\"\u003EUK\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j43"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"People by river in Finland","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EBut Finland looks set to remain way ahead of the curve thanks to a new \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fnordiclaw.fi\u002Fnew-working-hours-act-of-finland-enters-into-force-1-january-2020\u002F\"\u003EWorking Hours Act\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Due to come into force in 2020, it will give the majority of full-time employees the right to decide when and where they work for at least half of their working hours.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"A new Working Hours Act will give the majority of full-time employees the right to decide when and where they work for at least half of their working hours","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“It is about adapting to the modern world,” says Tarja Kröger, a senior civil servant and advisor at Finland’s Ministry of Employment and the Economy, who helped to draft the law.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe explains that under the new legislation, workers will still be expected to put in an average of 40 hours a week, but this could include a multitude of different arrangements from regularly choosing fixed days to be based “at your summer cottage or your favourite coffee shop”, to starting and finishing early in order to manage childcare or be able to exercise outdoors while it’s still light. Some younger workers, she argues, are likely to ask to work longer hours for a fixed period to “bank” time off for long-haul travel. Employees and their managers will be asked to discuss their expectations in advance and draw up a contract for any new arrangements.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe obvious argument for the change in the law, explains Kröger, is that the wide availability of wifi and cloud-based technologies “make it possible that you can work [remotely] in the same way as in the office” in many professions, meaning employees can take more control of their schedules.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-12"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j26"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-13"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EShe says there are also major benefits to flexible working for employers too, which often see increased efficiency and output from staff. “People are more productive when the working time arrangements are such that they can cope with life at work and home, and reconcile the different demands,” she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt’s a claim backed up by research in a range of job markets around the world. A recent \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cbronline.com\u002Fopinion\u002Frace-productivity-flexible-working-beats-pay\"\u003Ereport into the UK’s tech industry\u003C\u002Fa\u003E by HSBC found that 89% of respondents cited flexible working as a motivation to up their productivity.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStanford University economics professor Nicholas Bloom found similar results in a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.workflexibility.org\u002Ftake-five-stanford-economist-nicholas-bloom-business-case-telecommuting\u002F\"\u003Estudy of more than 16,000 staff at a Chinese call centre\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, with those allowed to work flexibly from home boosting their productivity by 13% and taking less sick leave. Meanwhile \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn2.hubspot.net\u002Fhubfs\u002F443262\u002Fpdf\u002FTINYpulse_What_Leaders_Need_to_Know_About_Remote_Workers.pdf\"\u003Eresearch for US employee engagement firm TINYpulse\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in 2016 found that remote workers also felt happier and more valued than those in traditional office jobs.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFinland’s culture of trust\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMany Finns agree that a key reason flexible working is already so successful is a deep-rooted culture of trust. A recent \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fyle.fi\u002Fuutiset\u002Fosasto\u002Fnews\u002Fsurvey_finland_ranks_number_one_in_citizen_trust\u002F10270981\"\u003EEurobarometer study\u003C\u002Fa\u003E found that Finns’ trust in fellow citizens is higher than anywhere else in Europe.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Eero Vaara, a professor of organisation and management who heads up the Future of Work research group at Aalto University School of Business, 10km west of Helsinki, this can partly be explained by a welfare model based on equality and financial security, alongside a culture of consensus-based decision making which promotes confidence in institutions.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E “It has its roots in history, it’s something people are used to – not something that’s just emerged in the last decade or so alongside these changes in our working patterns,” he argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the workplace, he says, this trust translates to an expectation that staff choosing to work remotely or at different times of the day won’t end up slacking.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-14"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"In the Nordics we have relatively flat organisations, low hierarchies and pragmatism, and these are also ingredients that have made it possible to introduce new elements like flexible working – Eero Vaara","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-15"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“People have enjoyed a lot of security...if you do things well, most likely you will be treated well, and there are processes and procedures to deal with any problems,” he says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“In Finland and elsewhere in the Nordics we have relatively flat organisations, low hierarchies and pragmatism, and these are also ingredients that have made it possible to introduce new elements like flexible working.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWork-life balance\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother reason so many companies are already willing to support flexible working is that Finns have long had a focus on work-life balance. Just 4% of employees regularly work 50 hours a week or more, well below the average across the western world, according to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.oecd.org\u002Fstatistics\u002FBetter-Life-Initiative-country-note-Finland.pdf\"\u003EOECD figures\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVaara suggests this approach is linked to a wide range of factors, from a strong union culture that protects short working hours to the tradition of making time to embrace lakes and forests. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fec.europa.eu\u002Feurostat\u002Fweb\u002Fproducts-eurostat-news\u002F-\u002FDDN-20170302-1\"\u003EEU figures\u003C\u002Fa\u003E suggest Finns do the most exercise of all Europeans and are more likely to work out outdoors than other nationalities, despite the often harsh climate.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Things are starting to shift a bit – I know plenty of people working more than they should be – but striving for balance is still at the core of Finnish working culture,” argues Vaara.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-16"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j23"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-17"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EBack in downtown Helsinki, this approach is evident at the city’s biggest start-up campus, Maria 01, a dusty pink abandoned hospital that has been transformed into a home to more than 160 small companies and scale-ups.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStrutting around in shorts on an unusually warm summer’s day, the hub’s CEO Voitto Kangas insists that while some member firms inevitably ask teams to put in extra hours before pitches or product launches, employees are always encouraged to enjoy their leisure time and take holidays.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-18"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Nothing happens here in July in your work life. Everybody's in their summer cottage! – Pauliina Alanen","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-19"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“Most of us strongly believe that time spent in work is not where all the effort and outcome comes from,” he argues. “You should have time for keeping your health in check, your mental health in check...So we do strive for that balance.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Finns are pretty strict about 40 hours per week and we do have a lunch hour. It's not like in the US where most people might just grab a sandwich on their way to the next meeting,” agrees Pauliina Alanen, a communications manager for an artificial intelligence company based at Maria 01, who previously worked in Silicon Valley. “And most people are off in July,” she adds. “Nothing happens here in July in [your] work life. Everybody's in their summer cottage!”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECollaboration and communication\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EScandinavia’s famous focus on collaboration and consensus-based decision making also plays a role in developing flexible working in Finland. Employers’ organisations, worker’s unions and politicians all helped to draft the new legislation, which was passed in parliament in March 2019 and is due for a final seal of approval by October.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a result, there has been little major resistance to the idea, although some union representatives have expressed concerns about the shift towards remote working blurring the boundaries between work and private lives.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“There are risks. The employer can give too much work to the employee, who is afraid to say that there is no time to do it. The employee has very much to take care of herself or himself,” argues Anu-Tuija Lehto, a lawyer for the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions, SAK.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe believes that even if workers and employers have written agreements, more fluid working hours may still make some staff feel like they need to “check e-mails and answer phones and be always available”, which could result in unpaid overtime.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIndeed, research into various \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20160909-the-curse-of-flexible-work\"\u003Eflexible working arrangements around the world\u003C\u002Fa\u003E has suggested a tendency for people working irregular hours to put in more additional hours than those who work standard fixed hours.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-20"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j2k"],"imageAlignment":"right","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-21"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EEero Vaara argues that “communication will be key” for Finnish companies adapting to the new legislation, which will put fresh demands on managers to ensure that staff are completing their required tasks and feel connected to the business.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“People might not be aware of things happening with their colleagues, projects or initiatives, or they may just have a sense of not being informed or part of it,” he says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Vaara, this could, “in the worst cases”, end up eroding the strong trust levels that have enabled flexible working to thrive in Finland in the first place.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELonely coffee breaks?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother key concern is the impact of losing the social context provided by office spaces, from communal coffee areas to the chance to share resources and equipment.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Personally I prefer working from the office because I like the team around,” argues Tiia Paananen, a sales manager out grabbing lunch with three colleagues at a cafe next to Maria 01.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe says she’s worried that workspaces might become “a bit lonely” if too many people make use of the new flexible working law.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Then again there are these coworking spaces popping up all over the city and it [flexible working] might give more to the cafeteria and restaurant industry perhaps. It’s just a different way of working, I suppose.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYet this boom in coworking spaces in Finland in recent years could provide future challenges for politicians and business leaders, according to Vaara.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-22"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07k1j8v"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-23"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EHe says that the increasing popularity of these spaces highlights the fact that Finland is, like many countries, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-46112503\"\u003Estarting to shifting away from a culture of permanent jobs\u003C\u002Fa\u003E towards more of a gig economy characterised by freelancing, shorter contracts and entrepreneurship.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile in some ways the gig economy is characterised by flexible hours which are, in theory, set by self-employed workers themselves, he says it “complicates the traditional picture where you work for an employer in one specific location”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“More and more people will not be having the kinds of jobs that the current laws and contract with the employers’ associations and the labour unions are based on,” he says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis, he argues, means that growing numbers of people won’t be protected by the upcoming legislation and may actually find themselves working less flexibly than permanent employees, in order to please their clients.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-24"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"I think the thing about Finland and the Nordics generally is that it’s not just big-name companies offering flexible working, you just have good positive examples all over the place ¬– Eero Vaara","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-25"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“We may be seeing an emergence of new groups of employees who are less protected or less aware of their rights,” he says. “Equally, managers in companies may not be fully knowledgeable about what is okay and what is not.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDespite these challenges, Vaara believes Finland is set to remain an icon of flexible working that the rest of the world can learn from.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“In the best of cases these arrangements really work because you still have security in place for employees, but at the same time you can create working conditions which are to the benefit of the company or organisation and fit in with the situations of individuals,” he argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I think the thing about Finland and the Nordics generally is that it’s not just big-name companies offering flexible working, you just have good positive examples all over the place. It can make things better for everyone.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work-26"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-08-08T21:51:58Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"infographic","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"Why Finland leads the world in flexible work","headlineShort":"The best country for flexible work","image":["p07k1l8x"],"imageAlignment":"left","imageAltText":"","isSyndicated":true,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":null,"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":null,"relatedStories":null,"relatedTag":["tag\u002Fwork-life-balance"],"summaryLong":"The Nordic nation has embraced agile hours for decades. It’s a style of work well suited to the country’s deep-rooted culture of trust, equality and pragmatism.","summaryShort":"This Nordic nation's workers have been choosing their own hours for decades","tag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"creationDateTime":"2019-08-07T21:17:54.529568Z","entity":"article","guid":"5c925ec7-f885-47f3-965f-f1860e8faf77","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work","modifiedDateTime":"2019-08-07T21:31:22.766603Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20190807-why-finland-leads-the-world-in-flexible-work","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827731},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout","_id":"5d9dadbc46361d552f6db015","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":[],"bodyIntro":"The WHO has redefined burnout as a syndrome linked to chronic work stress. There’s a difference between a busy workload and something more serious, writes Zaria Gorvett.","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIf you said you were suffering from ‘burnout’ in the early 1970s, you might have raised some eyebrows.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAt the time, the term was used informally to describe the side effects that \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wilmarschaufeli.nl\u002Fpublications\u002FSchaufeli\u002F481.pdf\"\u003Eheavy drug users experienced\u003C\u002Fa\u003E: the general dimming of the mental faculties, for example, as was the case with many a party animal. However, when German-American psychologist Herbert Freudenberger first recognised the problem of burnout in New York City in 1974, at a clinic for addicts and homeless people, Freudenberger wasn’t thinking of drug users.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe clinic’s volunteers were actually struggling, too: their work was intense, and many were beginning to feel demotivated and emotionally drained. Though they had once found their jobs rewarding, they had become cynical and depressed; they weren’t giving their patients the attention they deserved. Freudenberger defined this alarming new condition as a state of exhaustion caused by prolonged overwork – and borrowed the term ‘burnout’ to describe it.  \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Burnout has three elements: feelings of exhaustion, mental detachment from one’s job and poorer performance at work","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIts popularity was explosive, and today burnout is a global phenomenon. Although statistics on the prevalence of burnout specifically are hard to come by, \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.hse.gov.uk\u002Fstatistics\u002Fcausdis\u002Fstress.pdf\"\u003E595,000 people\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in the UK alone suffered from workplace stress in 2018.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Foxfordre.com\u002Fpsychology\u002Fview\u002F10.1093\u002Facrefore\u002F9780190236557.001.0001\u002Facrefore-9780190236557-e-165\"\u003ESportspeople\u003C\u002Fa\u003E get it. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.theguardian.com\u002Ftechnology\u002F2018\u002Fsep\u002F08\u002Fyoutube-stars-burnout-fun-bleak-stressed\"\u003EYouTube\u003C\u002Fa\u003E stars get it. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.forbes.com\u002Fsites\u002Frhettpower\u002F2018\u002F08\u002F28\u002F4-reasons-entrepreneurs-experience-burn-out\u002F\"\u003EEntrepreneurs\u003C\u002Fa\u003E get it. Freudenberger himself eventually got it. Late last month, the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.who.int\u002Fmental_health\u002Fevidence\u002Fburn-out\u002Fen\u002F\"\u003EWorld Health Organization (WHO) \u003C\u002Fa\u003Eannounced that the trendy problem will be recognised in the latest International Classification of Diseases manual, where it is described as a syndrome “resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the WHO, burnout has three elements: feelings of exhaustion, mental detachment from one’s job and poorer performance at work. But waiting until you’re already fully burned out to do something about it doesn’t help at all –and you wouldn’t wait to treat any other illness until it was too late.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFeeling the burn\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESo how can you tell if you’re almost – but not quite – burned out?  \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003E “\u003C\u002Fem\u003EA lot of the signs and symptoms of pre-burnout would be very similar to depression,” says Siobhán Murray, a psychotherapist based in County Dublin, Ireland, and the author of a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.goodreads.com\u002Fbook\u002Fshow\u002F43437593-the-burnout-solution\"\u003Ebook about burnout\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, The Burnout Solution\u003Cem\u003E. \u003C\u002Fem\u003EMurray suggests looking out for creeping bad habits, such as increased alcohol consumpution and relying on sugar to get you through the day. Also watch out for feelings of tiredness that won’t go away. “So that even if you do sleep well, by 10 in the morning you’re already counting down the hours to bed. Or not having the energy to exercise or go for a walk.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Although there are many treatment options for depression, burnout is still best tackled by making lifestyle changes","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EAs soon as you begin to feel this way, Murray advises going to see your doctor.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“Depression and pre-burnout are very similar, but as much as there was a lot of enthusiasm recently that burnout has now become a medical condition, it is still not – it is still classified as an occupational phenomenon.” It’s important to get help from a medical professional who can distinguish between the two, because although there are many treatment options for depression, burnout is still best tackled by making lifestyle changes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":[],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EAnd how do you know if you’re really on the cusp of burnout, or just going through a challenging month? “Stress is really important, and anxiety is what motivates us to do well,” says Murray. “It’s when we’re continually exposed to stress and anxiety, that we’re not letting go, that it starts to turn into burnout.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETake that big project you’ve been working on. It’s normal to feel a kick of adrenaline when you think about it, and maybe it’s kept you up at night. But, Murray suggests, if you still feel restless once it’s over, it’s time to consider if you’re at risk of burnout. “It’s when you’re bringing that with you into the next stage of your day, and adding to it continually,” she says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"When we're continually exposed to stress and anxiety, that we’re not letting go, that it starts to turn into burnout – Siobhán Murray","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EAnother classic sign of inching closer to burnout is cynicism: feeling like your work has little value, avoiding social commitments and becoming more susceptible to disappointment.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“Someone on the brink will probably begin to feel emotionally numbed or mentally distant,” says Jacky Francis Walker, a psychotherapist based in London who specialises in burnout. “Like they don’t have the capacity to engage as much in the ordinary things of life.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShe also recommends looking for the final tell-tale sign of burnout, which is the unshakeable feeling that the quality of your work is beginning to slip. “People say ‘but this isn’t me!’, ‘I’m not like this’, ‘I can usually do x,y and z’. But obviously if they are in a state of physical depletion, then they aren’t in their normal range of capabilities,” says Walker.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIf this seems less than scientific, look to the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.researchgate.net\u002Fpublication\u002F263809956_Maslach_Burnout_Inventory_--_General_Survey_GS\"\u003EMaslach Burnout Inventory\u003C\u002Fa\u003E (MBI), a test designed to measure burnout. The most widely used is the MBI-General Survey, which measures things like exhaustion, cynicism, and some how well you think you’re doing at work.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFirst published in 1981, it has been cited hundreds of times in studies since. Although it’s typically used to measure burnout once it's in full swing, there’s no reason you can't apply it to see if you’re getting close.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EYou’re pre-burnout: What’s next?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe only way to stop burnout – and banish it for good – is to root out the underlying problem. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E “What do you have going on in your life that you can temporarily or permanently let go of? It might be [sleeping a lot] to recover from the physical signs of burnout, for example,” Murray says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":[],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EWalker has a three-step programme, which includes figuring out why there is a mismatch between what a person can offer and what they feel they are being asked to give. “Sometimes it’s because they feel the need to be too perfect, or they might have imposter syndrome where they’re having to work very hard to cover up that they’re not quite as good as everyone thinks.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"According to a 2018 study, burnout stems from unfair treatment at work, an unmanageable workload and a lack of clarity about what a person’s role should involve","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EHowever, sometimes the work environment is the problem. According to a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gallup.com\u002Fworkplace\u002F237059\u002Femployee-burnout-part-main-causes.aspx\"\u003E2018 Gallup study\u003C\u002Fa\u003E of 7,500 US workers, burnout stems from unfair treatment at work, an unmanageable workload and a lack of clarity about what a person’s role should involve. Workers were also stressed out by a lack of support from their manager and unreasonable time pressure.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Another issue can be that the values of the company are seriously at odds with the person’s own values, which creates a sense of strain and dissonance, because they’re doing something that they don’t believe in,” says Walker. In some cases, her clients can solve the problem by taking up something fulfilling outside work, but very occasionally they decide to make a more radical change, such as changing companies or even taking up a new profession.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhatever the cause of your burnout, Murray’s top tip is to be kind to yourself.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Murray's experience, a key driver of the burnout epidemic is today’s culture of wanting it all. Often it’s just not possible to have a healthy social life and deliver on a big project, and meet all your personal fitness goals all at the same time. She says it's crucial to prioritise and not expect too much of yourself; when others seem like the perfect boss parent, fitness idol and friend all at the same time, they're probably misleading us – or at the very least getting a lot of help.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf you feel that you might be close to joining the burnout club, take a step back, figure out what’s going wrong – and let yourself off the hook.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout-12"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-06-11T00:37:20Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"How to tell if you’re close to burning out","headlineShort":"Three signs you’re close to burnout","image":[],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"","isSyndicated":false,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":[],"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":null,"relatedStories":null,"relatedTag":null,"summaryLong":"The WHO has redefined burnout as a syndrome linked to chronic work stress. There’s a difference between a busy workload and something more serious, writes Zaria Gorvett.","summaryShort":"There’s a difference between regular work stress and something more serious","tag":[],"creationDateTime":"2019-06-10T19:59:47.953507Z","entity":"article","guid":"95aacdad-cc0a-4dae-a0b8-b42bce55d33c","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout","modifiedDateTime":"2019-07-22T15:55:57.615295Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827734},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance","_id":"5d9dadbd46361d552f6db5cf","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"Sweden is famous for championing a balanced lifestyle, but the number of young people being signed off work with severe stress is mushrooming.","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThis is the first story in our Nordic Way series, that examines life in Scandinavia and beyond.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf you’re aware of global stereotypes about Sweden, working life in the Nordic nation might conjure up images of Scandi-sleek ergonomic offices, numerous breaks for coffee and cinnamon buns (called \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20160112-in-sweden-you-have-to-stop-work-to-chat\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003Efika\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in Swedish), or clocking off early on Fridays to disappear to a lakeside cottage.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile not all workers are afforded such luxuries, figures suggest \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.oecd.org\u002Fstatistics\u002FBetter-Life-Initiative-country-note-Sweden.pdf\"\u003Eless than 1% of Swedes work 50 hours a week or more\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, and citizens are guaranteed at least five weeks’ holiday. There’s a strong culture of \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20161230-the-swedes-ditching-desks-to-work-from-strangers-homes\"\u003Eflexible working\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, alongside some of the most generous \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fcapital\u002Fstory\u002F20151124-the-best-city-for-working-families\"\u003Eparental leave and subsidised childcare\u003C\u002Fa\u003E policies in the world. So it’s not a place you’d imagine finding an exhausted employee struggling to complete workplace tasks or unable to switch off at home.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut the number of people diagnosed with chronic stress-related illnesses – including exhaustion, a condition also referred to as ‘clinical burnout’ – has risen rapidly in recent years. This category of sickness was the most common reason for Swedes to be off work in 2018, according to the Swedish Social Insurance Agency, accounting for more than 20% of sickness benefit cases across all age groups.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERates have shifted dramatically among young workers, with cases up by 144% for 25-29 year-olds since 2013. Women are more likely than men to be off sick with exhaustion – experts say women still spend more time on household chores regardless of whether they have children or not, are over-represented in stressful, care-based jobs such as nursing and social work – but the rise has been noticeable across both genders and in different sectors.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"infographic","imageAlignment":"centre","pullQuoteImageAlignment":"centre","videoImageAlign":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"Stress-related illness was the most common reason for Swedes to be off work in 2018","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E‘A constant high, high, level of stress’\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENatali Suonvieri, a 27-year-old based in Gothenburg on Sweden’s west coast, is among those affected. She says she “hit the wall” and was signed-off with exhaustion in 2017, while she was working as a marketing manager for a small start-up. Her standard working hours were 0800-1700, though she sometimes worked overtime and checked her emails in the evening.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I had a constant high, high, level of stress,” she explains. “I was actually on sick leave for more than one year, and for three, four months I was lying in bed in the foetal position, more or less.” She says she still has problems with cognitive issues. “I have trouble with focusing. I have trouble concentrating... trouble remembering stuff.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile many countries do not formally recognise exhaustion or clinical burnout as a medical condition, it has been a legitimate diagnosis in Sweden since 2003.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Video","iFrameType":"","imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Commuters in Sweden","videoTitle":"The young Swedes on sick leave","videoUrn":["p07hvtxd"],"id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EVideo by Maddy Savage and Benoît Derrier.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Marie Åsberg, a psychiatrist at Karolinska Institute, Sweden’s largest academic medical research centre, explains that it is important to recognise that the condition encompasses much more than the “feeling of being overwhelmed” at work, which is a common reaction during stressful periods that we often refer to as “burnout” and usually subsides when things calm down.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough the symptoms of clinical burnout can vary, she says they typically include “a chronic ongoing stress”, which might manifest in severe fatigue, anxiety, concentration difficulties and other cognitive disturbances. “Once you develop it, it takes a very long time to recover. If your brain doesn’t function properly, it is terribly difficult to go to work and do a normal job,” she says. Asberg believes recent years have seen “epidemics” of the condition in Sweden.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA Swedish problem?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EInternational comparisons are tricky, because definitions of burnout vary and not all countries recognise the diagnosis. But when it comes to the high figures in Sweden, one argument is that since Swedes were early to formulate a medical diagnosis for the condition, this has helped break down taboos, encouraging more people to come forward and making employers more aware of and accepting of the problem.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“People used to think it was some kind of mumbo jumbo... but the debates about mental health in general and burnout have been more and more common, which also of course increases the tendency to seek help and to talk about it,” explains Selene Cortes, a spokesperson on clinical burnout for Swedish mental health charity Mind.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"I was actually on sick leave for more than one year, and for three, four months I was lying in bed in the foetal position, more or less – Natali Suonvieri","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Marie Åsberg also points out that Sweden’s generous welfare system plays a role: those who are diagnosed with exhaustion can typically receive approximately 80% of their salary, capped at 774 Swedish krona ($83, £66) per day. “The state pays, so you are not supposed to suffer economically if you are ill,” she explains. “And because of that, the state has created very good databases of people who are on sick leave and why.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut even if Swedes have a greater tendency or economic ability to seek help, how can we unpack the disconnect between the nation’s short working hours and obsession with work-life balance, and the prevalence of a condition characterised by chronic stress levels?\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I can see why people outside Sweden might have a hard time believing we’re getting burned out, when we have everything served up on a plate,” says Pia Webb, a Swedish life and career coach certified by the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.emccouncil.org\"\u003EEuropean Mentoring and Coaching Council\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe believes it is something of a “Swedish problem” that while many people clock off work at 1700 or even earlier and are “very bad at doing nothing”\u003Cem\u003E.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E She argues there is strong social pressure to invest time in “being fit, being busy and looking perfect”, which she believes has increased in recent years.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESwedes work out more than any Europeans other than the Finns, according to a recent \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fec.europa.eu\u002Fsport\u002Fnews\u002F2018\u002Fnew-eurobarometer-sport-and-physical-activity_en\"\u003EEurobarometer poll\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, with almost one in three exercising five times a week or more. Although numerous studies have confirmed the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fhealth-45116607\"\u003Ebenefits of exercise in boosting mental health\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Webb argues that there are dangers when it comes to competing in “increasingly tough races and challenges”, or training with the goal of achieving a certain body type. These pressures could help explain why younger people are more frequently succumbing to exhaustion, she says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07hcqlq"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Natali Suonvieri","imageCaption":"Working in marketing for a small start-up, Natali Suonvieri burned out in 2017 while working standard hours of 08:00-17:00 with lots of overtime too (Credit: Benoît Derrier)","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIt’s a view that Cecilia Axeland, 25, from Stockholm agrees with. She was working above average hours and “travelling a lot” in a sales job when she experienced a clinical burnout two years ago, but says that the pressure to work out and “achieve things” in her spare time was also a major trigger for her exhaustion.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I felt the pressure...you need to be healthy, you need to eat healthy, you need to relax but you also need to be ‘out there’,” she explains. “And since I also do music...I never basically rested and that drained me.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EContemporary pressures\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Marie Åsberg says she is sceptical about whether these types of pressures are stronger in Sweden than in other Western countries, however she agrees that a failure to schedule proper relaxation time is the most crucial factor leading to clinical burnout, and helps explain why exhaustion is not just a reaction to working long hours.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe brain, Åsberg explains, cannot differentiate between employment and other work-like tasks, such as planning a lot of activities in your spare time, having a competitive hobby, or staying up late to ensure your social media profile is up-to-date.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I guess the brain doesn’t care if you get paid for it, or not,” she says, adding that most people who “hit the wall” are “very ambitious” and “don’t sleep enough”. “They want to succeed and show the world how good they are, so they overtax their own strengths and endurance.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe argues that alongside social media and smartphones, there are other contemporary pressures that may be influencing the increase in exhaustion disorders both in Sweden and elsewhere.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn today’s competitive job market, where young people can struggle to secure permanent employment in popular fields, she believes many are so “keen and eager to show that they are good”, that they work harder than they need to.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EModern mantras that encourage us to live out our dreams can also increase pressure and create disappointment when things don’t go to plan. “These days you are told from childhood that if you just work a bit, you can be anything – all opportunities are open to you – and that is not the case for everyone.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07hcqts"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Selene Cortes","imageCaption":"\"Young people are quite lonely in the process of creating a future life\", says Selene Cortes, a spokesperson for Mind, a Swedish mental health charity (Credit: Benoît Derrier)","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAn individual or collective issue?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome experts argue that the way Swedish society is structured also puts a unique strain on young people’s mental health. Selene Cortes, from mental health charity Mind, reflects that Sweden is one of the world’s most individualistic and secular countries, according to global research project the \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.worldvaluessurvey.org\u002Fwvs.jsp\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWorld Values Survey (WVS\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere is a cultural norm suggesting Swedes should be independent from a young age, which Cortes says can feel like a burden or mean that some don’t communicate struggles that could be warning signs for a clinical burnout. “Young people are quite lonely in the process of creating a future life,” she argues.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPia Webb, who has lived in the UK and worked with clients from across Europe as well as Sweden, has a similar message. “Other cultures are more family-oriented...people help each other more,” she argues. “And I think with that also comes more relaxation time, and just being in the ‘here and now’, whether that’s a big get-together for a dinner, or in the UK just sitting around having a cup of tea.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPreventing burnout \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen it comes to tackling clinical burnout in Sweden and elsewhere, there is a split between those who believe it is up to individuals to take matters into their own hands and those who argue it is more of a societal problem.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“It’s easy to say ‘it’s society’s fault that I am getting it’ [burnout] and ‘I am just another number’, or even to feel some ‘prestige’ for working so hard,” argues Webb. But she suggests many of those who end up off work with exhaustion have failed to tackle personal issues such as perfectionism, anxiety or confidence problems.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07hcqp0"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Stockholm","imageCaption":"Sweden is well known for its strong work-life balance, with much flexible work, childcare support and generous holiday allowances. But clinical burnout is creeping in (Credit: Benoît Derrier)","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“Being busy is an easy way of not dealing with those issues,” she says. “Of course working long hours or not having a supportive manager might drain you further, but if you still haven’t dealt with your issues, you will never manage as well as you could.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut former marketing manager Natali Suonvieri argues that the emphasis should be on helping companies do more to ensure employees can manage their stress levels. She now works as an educator in sustainable work life, after going back to university to study for a Masters in Employment Relations and Organisational Psychology following her own exhaustion.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Anybody can get burned out,” argues Suonvieri, who also runs \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.facebook.com\u002Fgroups\u002Fstressgaris\"\u003ESweden’s biggest Facebook community\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for women experiencing stress. “It's not about the amount of time that you're working, it's about the control and the resources you have in the workplace… so that [you know you can] do a sufficient and a high-quality job,” she says. “It’s a complex issue, involving everything from leadership to what kind of working environment you have in general.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESuonvieri also says she is sceptical about official figures that suggest \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.oecd.org\u002Fstatistics\u002FBetter-Life-Initiative-country-note-Sweden.pdf\"\u003Eless than 1% of Swedes regularly work long hours\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, arguing that many employees and employers do not properly track how much time is spent checking emails or texts once the official work day is over.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EClinical solutions\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile by far “the best treatment is prevention”, Professor Marie Åsberg says that Sweden’s healthcare system offers a range of heavily-subsidised treatments for people with exhaustion that other countries might learn from.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThese include group stress courses, where participants are given tips and exercises to help tackle their stress. “It helps you get over this sense of shame,” says Åsberg. “They (the other group members) have the same condition as you, and you see they are good people and interesting people and then logically there is no reason to be ashamed.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“You’ve kind of got this network of people going through the same thing,” agrees Cecilia Axeland, who participated in a stress course as well as a state-subsidised sleep programme after her clinical burnout. “That's something that I felt helped me, because I understood I'm not alone.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome Swedes with exhaustion are also offered individual therapy, but there are \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.diva-portal.org\u002Fsmash\u002Fget\u002Fdiva2:811091\u002FFULLTEXT02\"\u003Elong waiting lists\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in some regions, due to a shortage of trained psychotherapists, which has become an \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.svd.se\u002Ffler-psykoterapeuter-kan-stavja-psykisk-ohalsa\"\u003Eincreasingly debated\u003C\u002Fa\u003E social and political issue in recent years.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-12"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p07hvx9p"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"Cecilia Axeland","imageCaption":"It's not just work stress – for Cecilia Axeland, the pressure to work out and achieve things in her spare time was also exhausting (Credit: Benoît Derrier)","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-13"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EBut Åsberg argues that one of the most sought-after talking therapy treatments, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, which aims to train patients replace unhelpful thoughts with more useful or realistic ones, can actually have a negative impact on people suffering from exhaustion, especially in the early stages. “It may be counterproductive, because it teaches people to do a lot of things and work on their own recovery when they should just be resting at this point.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETaking time out to unwind completely is also Cecilia Axeland’s advice to fellow sufferers. After getting plenty of rest during her four months of sick leave, she studied for a year and now has a new job in the tech industry. But she is much more conscious about finding the time to “switch off” from her day job and hobbies than before she got ill.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“I usually go out on walks to just clear my mind and leave my phone at home. No one can reach me,” she says. “Before my burnout, I really needed to prove myself... and now I would say I am a lot kinder to myself... that’s what’s most important.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance-14"}],"collection":null,"disableAdverts":false,"displayDate":"2019-07-26T21:19:40Z","embeddedCustomHtml":"","embeddedInfographicUrl":"","embeddedType":"infographic","geolocation":null,"headlineLong":"Burnout is rising in the land of work-life balance","headlineShort":"Why young Swedes are burning out","image":["p07hvwf2"],"imageAlignment":"centre","imageAltText":"","isSyndicated":true,"latitude":"","location":null,"longitude":"","mpsVideo":"","option":null,"partner":null,"primaryVertical":"worklife","promoAlignment":"centre","promoAltText":"","promoImage":["p07hvwf7"],"relatedStories":["worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout"],"relatedTag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"summaryLong":"Sweden is famous for championing a balanced lifestyle, but the number of young people being signed off work with severe stress is growing.","summaryShort":"In a land of work-life balance, work stress is growing","tag":["tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way"],"creationDateTime":"2019-07-19T21:47:12.873774Z","entity":"article","guid":"595bbed4-fdad-4321-8e57-b9b0c070cd22","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance","modifiedDateTime":"2019-08-07T21:24:42.892703Z","project":"worklife","slug":"20190719-why-is-burnout-rising-in-the-land-of-work-life-balance","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827733},"tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:tag:tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way","_id":"5d9daefa46361d552f74be63","assetImage":[],"description":"The Nordic countries often top international rankings on work-life balance. Worklife goes beyond the headlines to see what makes them tick.","linkUrl":"","name":"The Nordic Way","creationDateTime":"2019-07-25T23:55:35.404824Z","entity":"tag","guid":"4a6121ac-341d-4a3d-8010-cb77172c41f5","id":"tag\u002Fthe-nordic-way","modifiedDateTime":"2019-08-07T21:20:42.757646Z","project":"","slug":"the-nordic-way","cacheLastUpdated":1570967827734},"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off":{"urn":"urn:pubstack:jative:article:worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off","_id":"5d9dadbd46361d552f6db40b","ambientVideo":null,"articleType":"story","assetVideo":null,"author":["worklife\u002Fauthor\u002Fmaddy-savage"],"bodyIntro":"The country's unique leave of absence system helps workers launch their own business. Can it be replicated elsewhere?","businessUnit":"worldwide","cards":[{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EJana Cagin had never thought about running her own company until she and her fiancé had “one of those lightbulb moments” while out shopping for a new sofa at Ikea in a Stockholm suburb.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThey felt that the range of legs available was too limited. After scouring the internet failing to find suitable alternatives, they came up with the concept of developing their own brand of replacement furniture parts, designed to help buyers put an artistic stamp on new flat-pack furniture purchases or ‘upcycle’ existing home staples.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“We were just struck by this idea and it really made us so passionate,” she explains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe couple began by running the venture in their spare time. But according to Cagin, it was being able to take a leave of absence from her job as an organisational psychologist that really enabled things to get off the ground.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“We started finding suppliers, getting a lot of press, starting building the website,” she explains. The company was also accepted into an \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsting.co\u002Fen\u002Fstartup-programs\u002Fsting-accelerate\u002F\"\u003Eacceleration programme\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for startups, which offered coaching, workshops and mentoring. “If I were to work during that time I wouldn’t have been able to join, and it really helped us to believe in our idea.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, knowing that she could return to her old role if things didn’t pan out alleviated some of the financial risk, especially since her partner was a freelancer in the creative industries.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“I’d never seen myself as an entrepreneur, so being able to have that kind of security and something to fall back on, I think that played a pretty big role.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShe didn’t go back to her old job. Six years after that “lightbulb moment”, which happened when Cagin was just 31, the couple’s e-commerce business now offers decorative door knobs and cupboard panels, as well as legs for a range of different furniture types. It operates in 30 countries and has six full-time employees.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA legally enshrined right\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWhile not all new companies become so successful, Cagin’s experience taking time off from fixed employment is far from unique in Sweden.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor the last two decades, full-time workers with permanent jobs have had the right to take a six-month leave of absence to launch a company (or alternatively, to study or to look after a relative). Bosses can only say no if there are crucial operational reasons they can’t manage without a staff member, or if the new business is viewed as direct competition. Employees are expected to be able to return in the same position as previously.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-0"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p06zjfqn"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-1"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“To my knowledge this is the only country that offers a legally-enshrined right to take a leave of absence for entrepreneurship,” explains Claire Ingram Bogusz, a post-doctoral researcher in entrepreneurship and information systems at Stockholm School of Economics.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“You meet a lot of people who’ve got permission from their employer to start up something in such a way that it doesn’t interfere with their employment, and once that business is up and running, then they take a leave of absence to see if they can actually make a go of it,” she says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-2"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"To my knowledge this is the only country that offers a legally-enshrined right to take a leave of absence for entrepreneurship - Claire Ingram Bogusz","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-3"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“It’s very common, particularly among highly-skilled entrepreneurs who build high-tech firms.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMax Friberg, 31, who runs a software platform, is one of them. He chose to take a leave of absence from a global consulting firm rather than quit his job, even though he had been working on the project in his spare time for over a year and says he was confident his idea would take off.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor him, losing the competitive advantage and “social status” he’d worked for years to achieve was as much of a concern as financial insecurity. The possibility of unpaid leave greatly eased some of those worries.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“I had this fantastic job. I had been working very hard throughout university to get it and while at the job to keep it and to advance,” he explains. “I was questioning myself: ‘am I doing something crazy?’ But feeling that I could go back took quite a bit out of that scariness.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe secret to innovation?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESweden, with a population of just 10 million, has developed a reputation as \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bloomberg.com\u002Fnews\u002Fvideos\u002F2019-01-22\u002Fworld-s-most-innovative-economies-video\"\u003Eone of the most innovative countries in Europe\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in recent years. The most commonly-cited reasons its start-up scene has grown so quickly include strong digital infrastructure, a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.com\u002Fnews\u002Fbusiness-43060675\"\u003Eculture of collaboration\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and affordable private unemployment insurance, which provides a larger social safety net than in many countries.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMeasuring exactly how much the right to unpaid leave has contributed to this is tricky. While the trend – particularly in the tech scene – has been observed by academics, unions and employers alike, there are no national databases that break down how many people registered to take a leave of absence start a business.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBut what the figures confirm is that rising demand for all kinds of leaves of absence (including paid parental leave) coincides with growing numbers of Swedes starting their own companies.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-4"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p06zjf41"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-5"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 2017, 175,000 25- to 54-year-olds on leave were registered, compared to 163,000 in 2007, according to Statistics Sweden. The registration office for Swedish companies, \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.bolagsverket.se\u002Fbe\u002Fsok\u002Fetjanster\u002Fstatistik\u002Fstatistik-1.3538\"\u003EBolagsverket\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, says 48,542 limited companies registered in 2017, up from 27,994 in 2007.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESo what can the rest of the world learn from Sweden’s unpaid leave system?\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Claire Ingram Bogusz, the trend for taking leave to start a business needs to be viewed in the context of the Nordic country’s notoriously strict employment laws. These have traditionally made it harder for bosses to fire staff than in many countries. She argues that it might encourage some employees to stay put once they have the security of a substantive role.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“People don’t easily relinquish that [permanent] job once they have it,” she says. “It’s maybe analogous to owning a house or an apartment. Once you own it, you don’t just give it up easily.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESamuel Engblom, head of policy for the Swedish Confederation for Professional Employees, explains that the government, unions and employers in Sweden have supported the right to take time off as “a way of promoting mobility in the labour market”.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“Most employees hesitate to leave a job that they perceive as secure for something as insecure as starting a business,” he says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“Maybe it’s quite a Swedish view – I mean, you could promote entrepreneurship by making it more profitable, and we do that to some extent, but you can also promote entrepreneurship by making it less insecure.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETing Xu, an assistant professor at the University of Virginia whose work focuses on entrepreneurial finance, argues that increasing the right to unpaid leave could play a crucial role in fuelling entrepreneurship, even in countries with much more flexible labour markets.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-6"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"[There] is strong evidence showing that when we remove career risk it can actually spur entrepreneurship - Ting Xu","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-7"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EHe cites a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbusiness.leeds.ac.uk\u002Fresearch-and-innovation\u002Fblog\u002Farticle\u002Ffear-of-failure-and-the-ict-entrepreneurship-process\u002F\"\u003E2016 study by Failure Aversion Change in Europe (FACE\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E) Entrepreneurship\u003C\u002Fspan\u003E, a European project designed to help would-be tech entrepreneurs break the barriers generated by fear of failure. It found that while financial risk was the top concern, career risk came a close second.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“The fear of losing a stable professional career if their start-up fails is a major thing holding many people back,” he argues. “Many countries subsidise financing to entrepreneurs. However, reducing career risk can be just as important, and is often ignored by policy makers.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAlthough \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fusers.nber.org\u002F~jdgottl\u002FGottliebCareerRisk.pdf\"\u003Ehis own research\u003C\u002Fa\u003E focuses on parental leave, rather than unpaid leave, it provides rare empirical data to back up this idea.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EXu was part of a team that looked at a reform that extended job-protected parental leave in Canada from a few months to a full year in 2001. They found that women eligible for more time off were more likely to be entrepreneurs five years later that those who gave birth before the change.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“This result is strong evidence showing that when we remove career risk it can actually spur entrepreneurship,” he concludes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-8"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"Image","iFrameType":"","image":["p06zjffs"],"imageAlignment":"centre","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-9"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAre there any down sides?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESome observers argue it might be more difficult for employers outside Sweden to allow workers to return to their old roles after taking time off to run a business. These workers could face discrimination when it comes to future career prospects or salary. However in Sweden, this kind of prejudice is against the law.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“For someone to have gone out and tried something new and had that opportunity and come back isn’t actually seen negatively. It’s seen neutrally at best, and probably even positively, because then the person has said, ‘oh no, this job is what is actually for me’,” explains Ingram Bogusz.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShe argues that Sweden’s entrenched focus on work-life balance is a “huge contributing factor”, which might not be relevant in other places.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“In Sweden, people are expected to have a balance in their employment – not just in terms of balancing their personal lives, but also balancing other things that are of importance to them or mean personal growth for them. Starting a new business could be [part of] that.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EJessica Petterson is among those currently making the most of this approach. The 30-year-old is wrapping up a period of unpaid leave that she’s spent launching a virtual assistant product for charities. She has decided to return to her permanent job at a non-profit organisation, and to pursue her entrepreneurship more slowly on the side.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-10"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"They [my managers] are really happy with me going back. They’ve given me some other projects to work on so that I won’t feel as ‘stuck’ as I was before - Jessica Petterson","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-11"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003E“I don’t make enough from my company to support myself, and I want to buy an apartment quite soon. So that’s why I need to go back to my old job to get a steady salary every month,” she explains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“They [my managers] are really happy with me going back. They’ve given me some other projects to work on so that I won’t feel as ‘stuck’ as I was before.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHowever, Samuel Engblom at the Swedish Confederation for Professional Employees points out that while many employers share this positive attitude toward unpaid leave, others can struggle with the administrative and financial challenges linked to covering a worker’s responsibilities while they are taking time off.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“For the employer, it means losing someone who knows the job. Especially in situations where there is a lack of skilled workers in a field, this of course can be problematic,” he says.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHe suggests these challenges could be exaggerated in countries with less stable economies than Sweden.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA new future?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOf course, both the advantages and challenges of unpaid leave are only relevant when employees have permanent positions in the first place.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWhile the vast majority of Swedes are in stable jobs, there has been a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsverigesradio.se\u002Fsida\u002Fartikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=5805505\"\u003Eshift towards temporary employment\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and the gig economy in recent years, which has largely affected younger workers.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn 2017, almost 50% of 16- to 24-year-olds and 18% of 25- to 34-year-olds were in temporary work, up from 44% and 14% in 2009 respectively.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“It is a problem that Sweden faces as well as many other countries in the world: this polarisation of people with permanent jobs and those who don’t,” says Ingram Bogarz. “For gig economy workers and freelancers... leaves of absence don’t actually affect them, and it creates additional distance.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESwedish lawmakers are monitoring the trend closely. A government committee was recently asked to investigate how more security could be provided for these kinds of workers.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, the right to unpaid leave for permanent staff shows no sign of being revoked. Several unions have even struck collective agreements with employers that expand workers’ rights to unpaid leave by offering them 12 months off to try starting a business, instead of the standard requirement of six months.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},"cardType":"Body","iFrameType":"","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-12"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[]},"cardType":"PullQuote","iFrameType":"","pullQuote":"It is a problem that Sweden faces as well as many other countries in the world: this polarisation of people with permanent jobs and those who don’t - Ingram Bogusz","id":"worklife\u002Farticle\u002F20190206-swedens-surprising-rule-for-time-off-13"},{"bodyHtml":{"assets":[],"html":"\u003Cp\u003EWhat is vital for all Swedish entrepreneurs to remember, according to Ingram Bogarz, is that whether or not they have the right to unpaid leave, starting a business remains risky.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“The general downside of moving from permanent employment to entrepreneurship is true here in Sweden as in anywhere else. You go from a stable [job] and often quite decent salary to unstable and probably a much lower amount of money,” she explains.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E“But a leave of absence means you can have the best of both worlds: the security of a job that’s not going anywhere, and time off to pursue what’s important to you.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E--\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003ETo comment on this story or anything else you have seen on BBC Capital, please head over to our\u003C\u002Fem\u003E \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.facebook.com\u002FBBCCapital\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EFacebook\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cem\u003E page or message us on \u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Ftwitter.com\u002FBBC_Capital\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003ETwitter\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cem\u003E.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EIf you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features \u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fpages.emails.bbc.com\u002Fsubscribe\u002F\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003Enewsletter\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cem\u003E called \"If You Only Read 6 Things This Week\". 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