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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Edging strip in Japanese architecture</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japon-1886-18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Japon-1886-18.jpg/250px-Japon-1886-18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Japon-1886-18.jpg/330px-Japon-1886-18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Japon-1886-18.jpg/500px-Japon-1886-18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2998" data-file-height="2233" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a> <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> bearing a resemblance to a <a href="/wiki/Veranda" title="Veranda">veranda</a>, with people for scale. Note the slope of the ground under the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>, and the traditional stone step.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Storm-door,amado,narita-city,japan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Storm-door%2Camado%2Cnarita-city%2Cjapan.JPG/250px-Storm-door%2Camado%2Cnarita-city%2Cjapan.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Storm-door%2Camado%2Cnarita-city%2Cjapan.JPG/330px-Storm-door%2Camado%2Cnarita-city%2Cjapan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Storm-door%2Camado%2Cnarita-city%2Cjapan.JPG/500px-Storm-door%2Camado%2Cnarita-city%2Cjapan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Engawa</i></span>, with sliding glass doors outside, and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">yukimi <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dji" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōji">shōji</a></i></span> (<span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">shōji</i></span> with both paper and glass panes) inside. The solid wood <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">amado</i></span> leaning up against the corner is a storm shutter, and is usually stored away.</figcaption></figure> <p>An <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><b>engawa</b></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">縁側/掾側</span></span>)</span> or <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><b>en</b></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">縁</span></span>)</span> is an edging strip of non-<a href="/wiki/Tatami" title="Tatami">tatami</a>-matted flooring in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_architecture" title="Japanese architecture">Japanese architecture</a>, usually wood or bamboo. The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> may run around the rooms, on the outside of the building, in which case they resemble a <a href="/wiki/Porch" title="Porch">porch</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sunroom" title="Sunroom">sunroom</a>. </p><p>Usually, the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> is outside the translucent paper <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dji" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōji">shōji</a></i></span>, but inside the <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">amado</a></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E6%88%B8" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:雨戸">雨戸</a></span></span>)</span> storm <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_shutter" title="Hurricane shutter">shutters</a> (when they are not packed away).<sup id="cite_ref-daijisen_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daijisen-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> run outside the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">amado</i></span>. <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">En</i></span> that cannot be enclosed by <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">amado</i></span>, or sufficiently sheltered by eaves, must be finished to withstand the Japanese climate.<sup id="cite_ref-kester_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kester-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern architecture often encloses an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> with sheet glass. An <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> allows the building to remain open in the rain or sun, without getting too wet or hot, and allows flexible ventilation and sightlines.<sup id="cite_ref-oldphotos_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldphotos-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area under an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> is sloped away from the building, and often paved, to carry water away. The area directly outside the paving is usually a <a href="/wiki/French_drain" title="French drain">collector drain</a> that takes water still further away.<sup id="cite_ref-kester_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kester-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> is thus a way to bridge the obstacles good drainage puts between the indoors and the outdoors. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> is supported on posts, identical to the other uprights of the house.<sup id="cite_ref-chapter5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A row of uprights runs long the inside of the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>, and the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">shōji</i></span> sliding screens run between these; a second row of uprights runs along the outside of the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-chapter1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The posts traditionally stand on half-buried stones,<sup id="cite_ref-chapter5_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pounded into the earth with a specialized maul, and the wood posts shaped to fit the upper surface.<sup id="cite_ref-chapter1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recent houses may use concrete footings. </p><p>The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> floor may not be finished, or it may be polished or lacquered.<sup id="cite_ref-chapter5_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg/250px-Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg/330px-Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg/500px-Myoshinji_taizoin08n3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4020" data-file-height="2680" /></a><figcaption>A temple in Kyoto with, from top to bottom, <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">hiro-en</i></span>, <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">ochi-en</i></span>, and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">nure'en</i></span>. Note that part of the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">hiro-en</i></span> is enclosed. Drainage provision is obvious.</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">En</i></span> means an edge; <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">gawa</i></span> a side.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terms <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> were historically used interchangeably,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> now generally refers to the <a href="/wiki/Veranda" title="Veranda">veranda</a> directly outside the shutters.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Types of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> include: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Positional_terms">Positional terms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Positional terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">hiro-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">広縁</span></span>)</span>, an inner <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span>, possibly enclosed</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">ochi-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">落縁</span></span>)</span>, an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> set one step below the floor (or <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span>) inside it</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">nure'en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">濡れ縁</span></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">a wet <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span></span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>)</span>, an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> protruding from under the <a href="/wiki/Eaves" title="Eaves">eaves</a> and not protected by <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">amado</i></span>.</li></ul> <p>If there are fewer than three <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span>, an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> may be described by more than one of the positional terms.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structural_terms">Structural terms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Structural terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">mawari-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">回縁</span></span>)</span>, a wrap-around <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span>, often a wrap-around veranda</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">kirime-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">切目縁</span></span>)</span>, a <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> with boards running across its width</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">kure-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">榑縁</span></span>)</span>, a <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> with boards running along its length</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">sunoko-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">簀子縁</span></span>)</span>, a veranda with a slatted floor for better drainage</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">takesunoko-en</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">竹簀の子縁</span></span>)</span>, a bamboo <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">sunoko-en</i></span></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yakushi-do_-_Gokokuji_-_Bunkyo,_Tokyo,_Japan_-_DSC07838.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mawari-en, an en which continues all around the building"><img alt="Mawari-en, an en which continues all around the building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Yakushi-do_-_Gokokuji_-_Bunkyo%2C_Tokyo%2C_Japan_-_DSC07838.JPG/500px-Yakushi-do_-_Gokokuji_-_Bunkyo%2C_Tokyo%2C_Japan_-_DSC07838.JPG" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Yakushi-do_-_Gokokuji_-_Bunkyo%2C_Tokyo%2C_Japan_-_DSC07838.JPG/960px-Yakushi-do_-_Gokokuji_-_Bunkyo%2C_Tokyo%2C_Japan_-_DSC07838.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Mawari-en</i></span>, an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> which continues all around the building</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kirime-en showing traditional mitered corner treatment. Sunoko-en in foreground."><img alt="Kirime-en showing traditional mitered corner treatment. Sunoko-en in foreground." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg/300px-%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg/451px-%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg/600px-%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E8%A8%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%98%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%A4%E3%81%84%E5%AE%B6%EF%BD%A4%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kirime-en</i></span> showing traditional <a href="/wiki/Miter_joint" title="Miter joint">mitered</a> corner treatment. <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Sunoko-en</i></span> in foreground.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ishibe_shukubanosato13s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kure-en. The gravel path may well double as a collector drain."><img alt="Kure-en. The gravel path may well double as a collector drain." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Ishibe_shukubanosato13s3200.jpg/500px-Ishibe_shukubanosato13s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Ishibe_shukubanosato13s3200.jpg/960px-Ishibe_shukubanosato13s3200.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kure-en</i></span>. The gravel path may well double as a <a href="/wiki/French_drain" title="French drain">collector drain</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Raigoin_(Higashiyama-ku,_Kyoto)0751.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Fast-draining takesunoko-en in lower right corner, near a tap"><img alt="Fast-draining takesunoko-en in lower right corner, near a tap" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Raigoin_%28Higashiyama-ku%2C_Kyoto%290751.JPG/330px-Raigoin_%28Higashiyama-ku%2C_Kyoto%290751.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Raigoin_%28Higashiyama-ku%2C_Kyoto%290751.JPG/500px-Raigoin_%28Higashiyama-ku%2C_Kyoto%290751.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Raigoin_%28Higashiyama-ku%2C_Kyoto%290751.JPG/960px-Raigoin_%28Higashiyama-ku%2C_Kyoto%290751.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fast-draining <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">takesunoko-en</i></span> in lower right corner, near a tap</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 228px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 226px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geppa-ro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Takesunoko-en in the Geppa-rō rustic tea pavilion, overlooking the water at Katsura Imperial Villa (close-up, drainage)"><img alt="Takesunoko-en in the Geppa-rō rustic tea pavilion, overlooking the water at Katsura Imperial Villa (close-up, drainage)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Geppa-ro.jpg/500px-Geppa-ro.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Geppa-ro.jpg/960px-Geppa-ro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Takesunoko-en</i></span> in the Geppa-rō rustic tea pavilion, overlooking the water at <a href="/wiki/Katsura_Imperial_Villa" title="Katsura Imperial Villa">Katsura Imperial Villa</a> (<a href="/wiki/File:Katsura_Rikyu_(3263899825).jpg" title="File:Katsura Rikyu (3263899825).jpg">close-up</a>, <a href="/wiki/File:Katsura_Rikyu_(3263899825).jpg" title="File:Katsura Rikyu (3263899825).jpg">drainage</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 208px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB,_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Broad nure-en at Kiyomizu-dera; the dry section may be seen to the right."><img alt="Broad nure-en at Kiyomizu-dera; the dry section may be seen to the right." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB%2C_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg/330px-Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB%2C_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB%2C_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg/500px-Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB%2C_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB%2C_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg/960px-Tabi_miyage_dai_nish%C5%AB%2C_Ame_no_Kiyomizu-dera_by_Kawase_Hasui.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="866" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Broad <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">nure-en</i></span> at <a href="/wiki/Kiyomizu-dera" title="Kiyomizu-dera">Kiyomizu-dera</a>; the dry section may be seen to the right.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relation_to_other_house_components">Relation to other house components</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Relation to other house components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The core of a traditional <a href="/wiki/Shinden_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinden style">Shinden-style</a> building was the innermost room or <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Moya_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moya (architecture)">moya</a></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">母屋</span></span>)</span> (see diagram). This was surrounded by the <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_(architecture)" title="Hisashi (architecture)">hisashi</a></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">廂,庇</span></span>)</span>, which was on the same level, and was usually inside the windows and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">shitomi</i></span> storm shutters. The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">hisashi</i></span> was often a ring of tatami-floored rooms, but could be an unmatted <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span>; see also <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirobisashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirobisashi (page does not exist)">hirobisashi</a></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">広廂/広庇/弘廂</span></span>)</span>. In a large building, there could be further layers of tatami-floored rooms,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> courtyards, and further floorplan complications. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Shoin_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoin style">Shoin-style</a> buildings, the positioning of the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> varied more, and the storm shutters slid rather than being hinged (usually horizontally). The modern <a href="/wiki/Sukiya_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukiya style">Sukiya-style</a> of building uses <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">amado</i></span>, storm shutters that not only slide but pack away in a cupboard called a <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">to-bukura</i></span> by day; unlike the Shoin-style shutter, these generally run on the outside of the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>. </p><p>The width of an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> varies with the building; 1–1.3 m (3 ft 3 in – 4 ft 3 in) is common, while large temples may have over 3 metres (9.8 ft) of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>. The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> is supported on posts, identical to the other uprights of the house. The posts stand on half-buried stones<sup id="cite_ref-chapter5_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or concrete footings. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moya_hisashi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Moya and hisashi. The hisashi may itself be an en in small buildings, or it may be a second layer of tatami-floored rooms, with a hard-floored en running outside it.[13]"><img alt="Moya and hisashi. The hisashi may itself be an en in small buildings, or it may be a second layer of tatami-floored rooms, with a hard-floored en running outside it.[13]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Moya_hisashi.svg/250px-Moya_hisashi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Moya_hisashi.svg/500px-Moya_hisashi.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Moya_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moya (architecture)">Moya</a></i></span> and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_(architecture)" title="Hisashi (architecture)">hisashi</a></i></span>. The <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">hisashi</i></span> may itself be an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> in small buildings, or it may be a second layer of tatami-floored rooms, with a hard-floored en running outside it.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 332px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="En looking onto a courtyard, illustration c. 1130"><img alt="A courtyard with en on the left and rear sides, a low sitting-height rail on the left side only, and sudare (bamboo roller blinds) flush to the right side; in the court, a single pink-flowering tree" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg/500px-Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg/960px-Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg/990px-Genji_emaki_TAKEKAWA_Large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5486" data-file-height="2495" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">En</i></span> looking onto a courtyard, illustration <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1130</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Low kirime-en running around a tsubo-niwa courtyard, 2012"><img alt="A garden courtyard with an en about 30 centimetres (12 in) above the pale gravel, feature stones, a rain chain, and a planting of bamboo, ferns, grasses, and a creeping plant with small round leaves." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg/330px-%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg/500px-%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg/960px-%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%8F%E5%AE%85_%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Low <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">kirime-en</i></span> running around a <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Tsubo-niwa" title="Tsubo-niwa">tsubo-niwa</a></i></span> courtyard, 2012</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 226px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 224px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_House_-_Engawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="After rain; the eaves have kept the en mostly dry, and the en has kept the foundations of the house quite dry."><img alt="After rain; the eaves have kept the en mostly dry, and the en has kept the foundations of the house quite dry." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Japanese_House_-_Engawa.jpg/500px-Japanese_House_-_Engawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Japanese_House_-_Engawa.jpg/960px-Japanese_House_-_Engawa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">After rain; the eaves have kept the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> mostly dry, and the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> has kept the foundations of the house quite dry.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_role">Cultural role</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cultural role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Engawa</i></span> are often proportioned so that one can sit on the edge and observe the garden.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They provide a space for playing children and casual visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-oldphotos_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldphotos-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> is part of the house, and shoes are therefore not worn on it. Guests' shoes are lined up pointing outwards. </p><p>While <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> declined with the Westernization of Japanese architecture,<sup id="cite_ref-oldphotos_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldphotos-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they are making a comeback in modern architecture.<sup id="cite_ref-oldphotos_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldphotos-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cushions on an engawa protected by sliding glass doors. Note fume-ishi, stone step."><img alt="Cushions on an engawa protected by sliding glass doors. Note fume-ishi, stone step." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg/300px-Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg/451px-Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg/600px-Expo_2005_of_Satsuki_and_Mei%E2%80%99s_House_15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cushions on an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> protected by sliding glass doors. Note <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">fume-ishi</i></span>, stone step.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 117.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 115.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="An engawa is part of the house, and shoes are therefore not worn on it."><img alt="An engawa is part of the house, and shoes are therefore not worn on it." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg/173px-Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg" decoding="async" width="116" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg/260px-Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg/346px-Jonge_vrouw_met_lantaarn-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1956-612.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2039" data-file-height="2652" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> is part of the house, and shoes are therefore not worn on it.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="An engawa overlooking Erin-ji Gardens."><img alt="An engawa overlooking Erin-ji Gardens." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG/330px-Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG/500px-Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG/960px-Erinji_garden_and_Corridors.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> overlooking <a href="/wiki/Erin-ji#Erin-ji_gardens" title="Erin-ji">Erin-ji Gardens</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 389.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 387.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bewonderen_van_bloemstukken-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1961-30.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="An engawa can open the house to the surrounding landscape."><img alt="An engawa can open the house to the surrounding landscape." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bewonderen_van_bloemstukken-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1961-30.jpeg/960px-Bewonderen_van_bloemstukken-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1961-30.jpeg" decoding="async" width="388" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bewonderen_van_bloemstukken-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1961-30.jpeg/1162px-Bewonderen_van_bloemstukken-Rijksmuseum_RP-P-1961-30.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2820" data-file-height="1093" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span> can open the house to the surrounding landscape.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 62px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 60px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SHUNSHO-3-women.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Socializing on an engawa."><img alt="Socializing on an engawa." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/SHUNSHO-3-women.jpg/120px-SHUNSHO-3-women.jpg" decoding="async" width="58" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/SHUNSHO-3-women.jpg/250px-SHUNSHO-3-women.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="1555" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Socializing on an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 212px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_children_drawing,_(on_panels),_Japan,_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Children playing on an engawa; they are drawing on the shōji. Note shoes on fume-ishi."><img alt="Children playing on an engawa; they are drawing on the shōji. Note shoes on fume-ishi." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Three_children_drawing%2C_%28on_panels%29%2C_Japan%2C_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif/lossy-page1-315px-Three_children_drawing%2C_%28on_panels%29%2C_Japan%2C_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Three_children_drawing%2C_%28on_panels%29%2C_Japan%2C_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif/lossy-page1-473px-Three_children_drawing%2C_%28on_panels%29%2C_Japan%2C_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Three_children_drawing%2C_%28on_panels%29%2C_Japan%2C_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif/lossy-page1-630px-Three_children_drawing%2C_%28on_panels%29%2C_Japan%2C_1909_LCCN2001705661.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1097" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Children playing on an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">engawa</i></span>; they are drawing on the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dji" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōji">shōji</a></i></span>. Note shoes on <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">fume-ishi</i></span>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 303.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 301.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E3%80%8E%E9%9B%A8%E9%81%8E%E6%B4%97%E5%BA%AD%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B3%E3%80%8F-A_Garden_Refreshed_by_the_Passing_Rain_(Ukasentei_no_zu)_MET_DP147704.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Traditional en in fancier buildings often have low railings,[5] for leaning on while sitting on the en. Westernization of clothing made sitting on the floor difficult; modern en often have standing-height railings"><img alt="Traditional en in fancier buildings often have low railings,[5] for leaning on while sitting on the en. Westernization of clothing made sitting on the floor difficult; modern en often have standing-height railings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%E3%80%8E%E9%9B%A8%E9%81%8E%E6%B4%97%E5%BA%AD%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B3%E3%80%8F-A_Garden_Refreshed_by_the_Passing_Rain_%28Ukasentei_no_zu%29_MET_DP147704.jpg/500px-%E3%80%8E%E9%9B%A8%E9%81%8E%E6%B4%97%E5%BA%AD%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B3%E3%80%8F-A_Garden_Refreshed_by_the_Passing_Rain_%28Ukasentei_no_zu%29_MET_DP147704.jpg" decoding="async" width="302" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%E3%80%8E%E9%9B%A8%E9%81%8E%E6%B4%97%E5%BA%AD%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B3%E3%80%8F-A_Garden_Refreshed_by_the_Passing_Rain_%28Ukasentei_no_zu%29_MET_DP147704.jpg/960px-%E3%80%8E%E9%9B%A8%E9%81%8E%E6%B4%97%E5%BA%AD%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B3%E3%80%8F-A_Garden_Refreshed_by_the_Passing_Rain_%28Ukasentei_no_zu%29_MET_DP147704.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3880" data-file-height="1933" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Traditional <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> in fancier buildings often have low railings,<sup id="cite_ref-chapter5_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chapter5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for leaning on while sitting on the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span>. Westernization of clothing made sitting on the floor difficult; modern <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> often have standing-height railings</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Left, an en running between buildings, joining them."><img alt="Left, an en running between buildings, joining them." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg/300px-Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg/451px-Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg/600px-Tashiro_Family%27s_Old_Residence_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Left, an <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">en</i></span> running between buildings, joining them.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Korshagenhus_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Modern mawari-en in Denmark."><img alt="Modern mawari-en in Denmark." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Korshagenhus_2.jpg/225px-Korshagenhus_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Korshagenhus_2.jpg/338px-Korshagenhus_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Korshagenhus_2.jpg/450px-Korshagenhus_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3489" data-file-height="3489" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Modern <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">mawari-en</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Engawa" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Engawa"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Engawa</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loggia" title="Loggia">Loggia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_window" title="Bay window">Bay window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriel_window" title="Oriel window">Oriel window</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engawa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-daijisen-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-daijisen_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-script"> <bdi lang="ja">縁</bdi> [En]. <i>The <a href="/wiki/Daijisen" title="Daijisen">Daijisen</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Shougakukan" class="mw-redirect" title="Shougakukan">Shougakukan</a>. 1995.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E7%B8%81&rft.btitle=The+Daijisen&rft.pub=Shougakukan&rft.date=1995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rothteien.com/superbait/shojiscreens.htm">"Shoji Screens"</a>. <i>www.rothteien.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rothteien.com&rft.atitle=Shoji+Screens&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rothteien.com%2Fsuperbait%2Fshojiscreens.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kester-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kester_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kester_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFA.2017" class="citation web cs1">A., Kester, Jeffery (18 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kesterhouse.com/exterior/engawa.html">"The Kester House & Garden"</a>. <i>kesterhouse.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kesterhouse.com&rft.atitle=The+Kester+House+%26+Garden&rft.date=2017-03-18&rft.aulast=A.&rft.aufirst=Kester%2C+Jeffery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkesterhouse.com%2Fexterior%2Fengawa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oldphotos-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oldphotos_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldphotos_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldphotos_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldphotos_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDuits2008" class="citation web cs1">Duits, Kjeld (14 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldphotosjapan.com/en/photos/274/woman-in-room">"1890s • Woman in Room"</a>. Old Photos of Japan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1890s+%E2%80%A2+Woman+in+Room&rft.pub=Old+Photos+of+Japan&rft.date=2008-06-14&rft.aulast=Duits&rft.aufirst=Kjeld&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oldphotosjapan.com%2Fen%2Fphotos%2F274%2Fwoman-in-room&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chapter5-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chapter5_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chapter5_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chapter5_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chapter5_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chapter5_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdward_S._Morse1885" class="citation book cs1">Edward S. Morse (1885). "5: Entrances and Approaches". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kellscraft.com/JapaneseHomes/JapaneseHomesCh05.html"><i>Japanese Homes and their Surroundings</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=5%3A+Entrances+and+Approaches&rft.btitle=Japanese+Homes+and+their+Surroundings&rft.date=1885&rft.au=Edward+S.+Morse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kellscraft.com%2FJapaneseHomes%2FJapaneseHomesCh05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chapter1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chapter1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chapter1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdward_S._Morse1885" class="citation book cs1">Edward S. Morse (1885). "1: The House". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kellscraft.com/JapaneseHomes/JapaneseHomesCh01.html"><i>Japanese Homes and their Surroundings</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1%3A+The+House&rft.btitle=Japanese+Homes+and+their+Surroundings&rft.date=1885&rft.au=Edward+S.+Morse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kellscraft.com%2FJapaneseHomes%2FJapaneseHomesCh01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dictionary.com/browse/engawa">"The definition of engawa"</a>. <i>www.dictionary.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dictionary.com&rft.atitle=The+definition+of+engawa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fengawa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/e/engawa.htm">"Engawa 縁側"</a>. <i>www.aisf.or.jp</i>. Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aisf.or.jp&rft.atitle=Engawa+%E7%B8%81%E5%81%B4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aisf.or.jp%2F~jaanus%2Fdeta%2Fe%2Fengawa.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/e/en.htm">"En 縁"</a>. <i>www.aisf.or.jp</i>. Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aisf.or.jp&rft.atitle=En+%E7%B8%81&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aisf.or.jp%2F~jaanus%2Fdeta%2Fe%2Fen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/n/nureen.htm">"Nure-en 濡縁"</a>. <i>www.aisf.or.jp</i>. Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aisf.or.jp&rft.atitle=Nure-en+%E6%BF%A1%E7%B8%81&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aisf.or.jp%2F~jaanus%2Fdeta%2Fn%2Fnureen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/o/ochien.htm">"Ochi-en 落縁"</a>. <i>www.aisf.or.jp</i>. Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aisf.or.jp&rft.atitle=Ochi-en+%E8%90%BD%E7%B8%81&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aisf.or.jp%2F~jaanus%2Fdeta%2Fo%2Fochien.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/s/shindenzukuri.htm">"Shinden-zukuri 寝殿造"</a>. <i>www.aisf.or.jp</i>. Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aisf.or.jp&rft.atitle=Shinden-zukuri+%E5%AF%9D%E6%AE%BF%E9%80%A0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aisf.or.jp%2F~jaanus%2Fdeta%2Fs%2Fshindenzukuri.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/h/hisashi.htm">"Hisashi 廂"</a>. <i>www.aisf.or.jp</i>. Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aisf.or.jp&rft.atitle=Hisashi+%E5%BB%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aisf.or.jp%2F~jaanus%2Fdeta%2Fh%2Fhisashi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archiscapes.wordpress.com/2015/01/15/japanese-traditional-engawa-space/">"ELEMENTS - The Engawa"</a>. Archiscapes. 15 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ELEMENTS+-+The+Engawa&rft.pub=Archiscapes&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchiscapes.wordpress.com%2F2015%2F01%2F15%2Fjapanese-traditional-engawa-space%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReinholdt2014" class="citation web cs1">Reinholdt, Eric (9 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.houzz.com/ideabooks/34439424/list/design-workshop-how-the-japanese-porch-makes-a-home-feel-larger/">"Design Workshop: How the Japanese Porch Makes a Home Feel Larger"</a>. Houzz.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Design+Workshop%3A+How+the+Japanese+Porch+Makes+a+Home+Feel+Larger&rft.pub=Houzz&rft.date=2014-12-09&rft.aulast=Reinholdt&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.houzz.com%2Fideabooks%2F34439424%2Flist%2Fdesign-workshop-how-the-japanese-porch-makes-a-home-feel-larger%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEngawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_architectural_elements" title="Template:Japanese architectural elements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_architectural_elements" title="Template talk:Japanese architectural elements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_architectural_elements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese architectural elements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elements_of_Japanese_architecture385" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Elements of <a href="/wiki/Japanese_architecture" title="Japanese architecture">Japanese architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Secular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Azekurazukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Azekurazukuri">Azekura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buke-zukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Buke-zukuri">Buke</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gassho-zukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Gassho-zukuri">Gassho</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giy%C5%8Df%C5%AB_architecture" title="Giyōfū architecture">Giyōfū</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hirairi" title="Hirairi">Hirairi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Crown_Style" title="Imperial Crown Style">Imperial Crown Style</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jutaku" title="Jutaku">Jutaku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omoya" title="Omoya">Omoya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinden-zukuri" title="Shinden-zukuri">Shinden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoin-zukuri" title="Shoin-zukuri">Shoin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sukiya-zukuri" title="Sukiya-zukuri">Sukiya</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shinto_architecture" title="Shinto architecture">Shinto</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Azekura" class="mw-redirect" title="Azekura">Azekura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hachiman-zukuri" title="Hachiman-zukuri">Hachiman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hiyoshi-zukuri" title="Hiyoshi-zukuri">Hiyoshi (<i>Hie</i>)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irimoya" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya">Irimoya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ishi-no-ma-zukuri" title="Ishi-no-ma-zukuri">Ishi-no-ma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kasuga-zukuri" title="Kasuga-zukuri">Kasuga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kibitsu-zukuri" title="Kibitsu-zukuri">Kibitsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nagare-zukuri" title="Nagare-zukuri">Nagare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinmei-zukuri" title="Shinmei-zukuri">Shinmei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sumiyoshi-zukuri" title="Sumiyoshi-zukuri">Sumiyoshi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taisha-zukuri" title="Taisha-zukuri">Taisha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Buddhist_architecture" title="Japanese Buddhist architecture">Buddhist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daibutsuy%C5%8D" title="Daibutsuyō">Daibutsuyō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cbaku_Zen_architecture" title="Ōbaku Zen architecture">Ōbaku Zen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Setch%C5%ABy%C5%8D" title="Setchūyō">Setchūyō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Way%C5%8D" title="Wayō">Wayō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zensh%C5%ABy%C5%8D" title="Zenshūyō">Zenshūyō</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;background:whitesmoke;padding:0 1.0em 0 2.0em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Himeji_model7.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Model of Himeji Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Himeji_model7.JPG/150px-Himeji_model7.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Himeji_model7.JPG/225px-Himeji_model7.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Himeji_model7.JPG/300px-Himeji_model7.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="2240" /></a></span><br />Model of <a href="/wiki/Himeji_Castle" title="Himeji Castle">Himeji Castle</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of building</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Secular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_castle" title="Japanese castle">Castle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chashitsu" title="Chashitsu">Chashitsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kura_(storehouse)" title="Kura (storehouse)">Kura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machiya" title="Machiya">Machiya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minka" title="Minka">Minka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yagura_(tower)" title="Yagura (tower)">Yagura</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shinto_architecture" title="Shinto architecture">Shinto</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">Haiden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heiden_(Shinto)" title="Heiden (Shinto)">Heiden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hokora" title="Hokora">Hokora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Honden" title="Honden">Honden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kofun" title="Kofun">Kofun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Setsumatsusha" title="Setsumatsusha">Setsumatsusha</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto_shrine" title="Shinto shrine">Shinto shrine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Buddhist_architecture" title="Japanese Buddhist architecture">Buddhist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Butsuden" class="mw-redirect" title="Butsuden">Butsuden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C5%8D_(architecture)" title="Dō (architecture)">Dō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dky%C5%8Dint%C5%8D" title="Hōkyōintō">Hōkyōintō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dz%C5%8D" title="Kyōzō">Kyōzō</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Hall_(Japanese_Buddhism)" title="Main Hall (Japanese Buddhism)">Main Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_pagoda" title="Japanese pagoda">Pagoda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shichid%C5%8D_garan" title="Shichidō garan">Shichidō garan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dr%C5%8D" title="Shōrō">Shōrō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tah%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Tahōtō">Tahōtō</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roof styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_roof" title="Hidden roof">Hidden</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irimoya" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya">Irimoya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karahafu" title="Karahafu">Karahafu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mokoshi" title="Mokoshi">Mokoshi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structural and spatial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burdock_piling" title="Burdock piling">Burdock piling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chigi_(architecture)" title="Chigi (architecture)">Chigi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disordered_piling" title="Disordered piling">Disordered piling</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Engawa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_(architecture)" title="Hisashi (architecture)">Hisashi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irimoya" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya">Irimoya-zukuri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irori" title="Irori">Irori</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8Dmado" title="Katōmado">Katōmado</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katsuogi" title="Katsuogi">Katsuogi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuruwa" title="Kuruwa">Kuruwa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moya_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moya (architecture)">Moya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nakazonae" title="Nakazonae">Nakazonae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namako_wall" title="Namako wall"><i>Namako</i> wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightingale_floor" title="Nightingale floor">Nightingale floor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Onigawara" title="Onigawara">Onigawara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ranma_(architectural)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranma (architectural)">Ranma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Drin" title="Sōrin">Sōrin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tamagaki" title="Tamagaki">Tamagaki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tatami" title="Tatami">Tatami</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tenshu" title="Tenshu">Tenshu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokonoma" title="Tokonoma">Tokonoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toky%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyō">Tokyō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsumairi" title="Tsumairi">Tsumairi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shibi_(roof_tile)" title="Shibi (roof tile)">Shibi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Gates</li><li>Approaches</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Genkan" title="Genkan">Genkan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kair%C5%8D" title="Kairō">Kairō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karamon" title="Karamon">Karamon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mon_(architecture)" title="Mon (architecture)">Mon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nij%C5%ABmon" title="Nijūmon">Nijūmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%8Dmon" title="Niōmon">Niōmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmon" title="Rōmon">Rōmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sand%C5%8D" title="Sandō">Sandō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sanmon" title="Sanmon">Sanmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dmon" title="Sōmon">Sōmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mihashira_Torii" title="Mihashira Torii">Mihashira</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rooms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chashitsu" title="Chashitsu">Chashitsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_kitchen" title="Japanese kitchen">Daidokoro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mizuya" title="Mizuya">Mizuya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nando_(architecture)" title="Nando (architecture)">Nando</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoin" title="Shoin">Shoin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilets_in_Japan" title="Toilets in Japan">Toilets</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washitsu" title="Washitsu">Washitsu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Furnishings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Butsudan" title="Butsudan">Butsudan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chabudai" title="Chabudai">Chabudai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emakimono" title="Emakimono">Emakimono</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Furo" title="Furo">Furo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Futon" title="Futon">Futon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Getabako" title="Getabako">Getabako</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamado" title="Kamado">Kamado</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamidana" title="Kamidana">Kamidana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kotatsu" title="Kotatsu">Kotatsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitamaya" title="Mitamaya">Mitamaya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oshiire" title="Oshiire">Oshiire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tansu" title="Tansu">Tansu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabuton" title="Zabuton">Zabuton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zafu" title="Zafu">Zafu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_partition_furniture_of_traditional_Japanese_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="List of partition furniture of traditional Japanese architecture">Partitions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/By%C5%8Dbu" title="Byōbu">Byōbu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fusuma" title="Fusuma">Fusuma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jinmaku" title="Jinmaku">Jinmaku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kich%C5%8D" title="Kichō">Kichō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noren" title="Noren">Noren</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shitomi" title="Shitomi">Shitomi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoji" title="Shoji">Shōji</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Washi" title="Washi">washi</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sudare" title="Sudare">Sudare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsuitate" title="Tsuitate">Tsuitate</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outdoor objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzuya" title="Chōzuya">Chōzuya (Temizuya)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giboshi" title="Giboshi">Giboshi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shigandang" title="Shigandang">Ishigantō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Komainu" title="Komainu">Komainu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dr%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tōrō">Tōrō</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_units_of_measurement" title="Japanese units of measurement">Measurements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ken_(unit)" title="Ken (unit)">Ken</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koku" title="Koku">Koku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Li_(unit)" title="Li (unit)">Ri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shaku_(unit)" title="Shaku (unit)">Shaku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cun_(unit)" title="Cun (unit)">Sun</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Institute_of_Japan" title="Architectural Institute of Japan">Architectural Institute of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Institute_of_Architects" title="Japan Institute of Architects">Japan Institute of Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolist_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Metabolist Movement">Metabolist Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groups_of_Traditional_Buildings" title="Groups of Traditional Buildings">Groups of Traditional Buildings</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iki_(aesthetics)" title="Iki (aesthetics)">Iki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_garden" title="Japanese garden">Japanese garden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese rock garden">rock (Zen)</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kumiko_(woodworking)" title="Kumiko (woodworking)">Kumiko</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ryokan_(inn)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryokan (inn)">Ryokan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō">Sentō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wabi-sabi" title="Wabi-sabi">Wabi-sabi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yabo" title="Yabo">Yabo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_National_Treasures_of_Japan" title="Lists of National Treasures of Japan">National Treasures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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