CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Monterrey - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"7d25ada0-4d8d-484b-9cae-77d7fb086bbd","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Monterrey","wgTitle":"Monterrey","wgCurRevisionId":1260089025,"wgRevisionId":1260089025,"wgArticleId":40455,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Pages using the Phonos extension","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","CS1 maint: unfit URL","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from April 2011","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 Catalan-language sources (ca)","Use mdy dates from March 2022","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","Coordinates on Wikidata", "Articles containing Spanish-language text","Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list","Articles with Spanish-language sources (es)","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Pages with Spanish IPA","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022","Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017","Articles with unsourced statements from May 2011","Articles with excerpts","Articles with unsourced statements from February 2022","Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022","Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata","Pages using Sister project links with default search","Monterrey","Cities in Mexico","Monterrey metropolitan area","Populated places in Nuevo León","Capitals of states of Mexico","Populated places established in 1596","1596 establishments in New Spain","1590s establishments in Mexico","1596 in New Spain"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel": "wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Monterrey","wgRelevantArticleId":40455,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":25.684444444444445,"lon":-100.31805555555555},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q81033","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":[ "brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible", "mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Puente_Atirantado.jpg/1200px-Puente_Atirantado.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Puente_Atirantado.jpg/800px-Puente_Atirantado.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Puente_Atirantado.jpg/640px-Puente_Atirantado.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Monterrey - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Monterrey rootpage-Monterrey skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Monterrey" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Monterrey" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Monterrey" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Monterrey" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehispanic_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehispanic_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prehispanic history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehispanic_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foundation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foundation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Foundation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_Mexican_Independence_(19th_century)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_Mexican_Independence_(19th_century)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>After Mexican Independence (19th century)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_Mexican_Independence_(19th_century)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Natural areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Public safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Contemporary music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Monterrey</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 99 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">99 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="مونتيري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مونتيري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9_(%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Монтеррей (Мексика) – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Монтеррей (Мексика)" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87" title="মোন্তেররেই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মোন্তেররেই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9_(%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Мантэрэй (Нуэва-Леон) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мантэрэй (Нуэва-Леон)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Мантэрэй – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мантэрэй" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтерей – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монтерей" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8D" title="མཱོན་ཊི་རེ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མཱོན་ཊི་རེ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_(kapital_sa_estado)" title="Monterrey (kapital sa estado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Monterrey (kapital sa estado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B9" title="Μοντερρέι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μοντερρέι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterejo" title="Monterejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Monterejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="مونتری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مونتری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrei,_M%C3%A9xico" title="Monterrei, México – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Monterrei, México" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%AC%ED%85%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4" title="몬테레이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="몬테레이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%B5" title="Մոնտեռեյ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնտեռեյ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтеррей – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Монтеррей" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99" title="מונטריי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מונטריי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="მონტერეი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მონტერეი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтеррей – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Монтеррей" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Monterrey, Nuevo León – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Monterrey, Nuevo León" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterreja" title="Monterreja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Monterreja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monter%C4%97jus" title="Monterėjus – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Monterėjus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="മോൺടെറി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മോൺടെറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87" title="माँतेरे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="माँतेरे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="მონტერეი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მონტერეი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%89" title="مدينه مونتيرى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مدينه مونتيرى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Монтэррэй – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Монтэррэй" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4_(%E3%83%A1%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B3)" title="モンテレイ (メキシコ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モンテレイ (メキシコ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтеррей – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Монтеррей" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_i_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Monterrey i Nuevo León – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Monterrey i Nuevo León" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey_(Meksika)" title="Monterrey (Meksika) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Monterrey (Meksika)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%88" title="ਮੋਂਤੇਰੇਈ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੋਂਤੇਰੇਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrei" title="Monterrei – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monterrei" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Monterrey, Nuevo León – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Monterrey, Nuevo León" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтеррей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монтеррей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%86%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="مۆنتەری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مۆنتەری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Монтереј – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Монтереј" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87" title="மாந்தர்ரே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாந்தர்ரே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтеррей – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Монтеррей" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="มอนเตร์เรย์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มอนเตร์เรย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Монтеррей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Монтеррей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="مونترئی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مونترئی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrei" title="Monterrei – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Monterrei" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7" title="蒙特雷 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="蒙特雷" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7" title="蒙特雷 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蒙特雷" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7" title="蒙特雷 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蒙特雷" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Monterrey" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81033#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Monterrey" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Monterrey"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Monterrey"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Monterrey" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Monterrey" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&oldid=1260089025" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Monterrey&id=1260089025&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMonterrey"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMonterrey"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Monterrey&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Monterrey" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81033" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monterrey&params=25_41_4_N_100_19_5_W_region:MX_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°41′4″N</span> <span class="longitude">100°19′5″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.68444°N 100.31806°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.68444; -100.31806</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"San Luis Rey de Francia" redirects here. For the mission in California, see <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Luis_Rey_de_Francia" title="Mission San Luis Rey de Francia">Mission San Luis Rey de Francia</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Mexican city. For the city in California, see <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey, California</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Monterrey (disambiguation)">Monterrey (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Nuevo León, Mexico</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Monterrey</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Mexico" title="Municipalities of Mexico">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skyline_de_Monterrey_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Skyline_de_Monterrey_%28cropped%29.jpg/268px-Skyline_de_Monterrey_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Skyline_de_Monterrey_%28cropped%29.jpg/402px-Skyline_de_Monterrey_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Skyline_de_Monterrey_%28cropped%29.jpg/536px-Skyline_de_Monterrey_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="1316" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Skyline of Monterrey and <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puente_Atirantado.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Puente_Atirantado.jpg/169px-Puente_Atirantado.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Puente_Atirantado.jpg/254px-Puente_Atirantado.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Puente_Atirantado.jpg/338px-Puente_Atirantado.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Puente_de_la_Unidad" title="Puente de la Unidad">Unity Bridge</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:97px;max-width:97px"><div style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg/95px-Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg/143px-Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg/190px-Monterrey_-_Catedral_de_la_Inmaculada_Concepci%C3%B3n_-_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="1824" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Cathedral" title="Monterrey Cathedral">Monterrey Cathedral</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:90px;max-width:90px"><div style="height:132px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg/88px-Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg/132px-Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg/176px-Museo_Regional_del_Obispado.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3973" data-file-height="5960" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Mirador_del_Obispado" title="Mirador del Obispado">Bishopric's lookout</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:178px;max-width:178px"><div style="height:132px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg/176px-Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg/264px-Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg/352px-Nuevo_Palacio_de_Gobierno.jpg 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Gobierno_(Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n)" title="Palacio de Gobierno (Nuevo León)">Government Palace of Nuevo León</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerro_de_la_Silla_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Cerro_de_la_Silla_%28cropped%29.jpg/268px-Cerro_de_la_Silla_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Cerro_de_la_Silla_%28cropped%29.jpg/402px-Cerro_de_la_Silla_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Cerro_de_la_Silla_%28cropped%29.jpg/536px-Cerro_de_la_Silla_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="794" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_la_Silla" title="Cerro de la Silla">Cerro de la Silla</a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div>Chinese flag and a white flight helmet on a black plane that was flown over a white plane in the middle class and then a red flag flying down the plane</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_de_Monterrey,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n,_M%C3%A9xico.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Monterrey"><img alt="Flag of Monterrey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bandera_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg/100px-Bandera_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bandera_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg/150px-Bandera_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bandera_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg/200px-Bandera_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="293" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Monterrey,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n,_M%C3%A9xico.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Monterrey"><img alt="Official seal of Monterrey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Escudo_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg/83px-Escudo_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="83" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Escudo_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg/125px-Escudo_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Escudo_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg/167px-Escudo_de_Monterrey%2C_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n%2C_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="892" data-file-height="1069" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Sultan of the North, City of the Mountains, Mexican Industrial Capital</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Work Tempers the Spirit</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:275px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:275px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:275px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monterrey is located in Nuevo León"><img alt="Monterrey is located in Nuevo León" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg/275px-Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg/413px-Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg/550px-Mexico_Nuevo_Leon_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="689" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.311%;left:39.115%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Monterrey"><img alt="Monterrey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Monterrey</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Monterrey within Mexico</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Nuevo León</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:275px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:275px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:275px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexico_States_blank_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monterrey is located in Mexico"><img alt="Monterrey is located in Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mexico_States_blank_map.svg/275px-Mexico_States_blank_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mexico_States_blank_map.svg/413px-Mexico_States_blank_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mexico_States_blank_map.svg/550px-Mexico_States_blank_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2029" data-file-height="1326" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.872%;left:56.466%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Monterrey"><img alt="Monterrey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Monterrey</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Monterrey (Mexico)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Mexico</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:275px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:275px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:275px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monterrey is located in North America"><img alt="Monterrey is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/275px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/413px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/550px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="514" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.104%;left:49.646%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Monterrey"><img alt="Monterrey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Monterrey</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Monterrey (North America)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North America</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Monterrey&params=25_41_4_N_100_19_5_W_region:MX_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°41′4″N</span> <span class="longitude">100°19′5″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.68444°N 100.31806°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.68444; -100.31806</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Mexico">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Municipalities of Nuevo León">Municipality</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Municipality" title="Monterrey Municipality">Monterrey</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">September 20, 1596</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded as</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Ciudad Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de Monterrey</i></span> (English translation: Metropolitan city of Our Lady of Monterrey)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Montemayor" title="Diego de Montemayor">Diego de Montemayor</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey">Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Municipal_president_of_Monterrey" title="Municipal president of Monterrey">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adri%C3%A1n_de_la_Garza_Santos" title="Adrián de la Garza Santos">Adrián de la Garza Santos</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PRI_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/20px-PRI_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PRI_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/30px-PRI_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PRI_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/40px-PRI_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="470" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Mexico" title="Municipalities of Mexico">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">324.8 km<sup>2</sup> (125.4 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">958<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km<sup>2</sup> (370 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,657.5 km<sup>2</sup> (2,956.6 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">540 m (1,770 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Mexico" title="Municipalities of Mexico">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,142,952</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_cities_by_population" title="List of North American cities by population">23rd</a> in North America<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Mexico" title="List of cities in Mexico">9th</a> in Mexico</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,415/km<sup>2</sup> (8,845/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,324,281<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">4,500/km<sup>2</sup> (11,600/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,341,177</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Regiomontano(a) <br /> Regio(a)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Year</th><td class="infobox-data">2023</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total (Metro)</th><td class="infobox-data">$190.3 billion<sup id="cite_ref-TelluBase_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelluBase-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">$37,200</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Standard Time">CST</a><sup id="cite_ref-geo-gobnl_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geo-gobnl-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cambio-horario-2023_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cambio-horario-2023-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monterrey.gob.mx">www<wbr />.monterrey<wbr />.gob<wbr />.mx</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">The words <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Ciudad de Monterrey</i></span> shown on the flag and seal translate to "City of Monterrey" in English.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Monterrey</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d2\/En-us-monterey.ogg\/En-us-monterey.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-monterey.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/En-us-monterey.ogg/En-us-monterey.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-monterey.ogg" title="File:En-us-monterey.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">MON</span>-tə-<span style="font-size:90%">RAY</span></i></a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[monteˈrej]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/b2\/Es-Monterrey.oga\/Es-Monterrey.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Es-Monterrey.oga"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/Es-Monterrey.oga/Es-Monterrey.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Es-Monterrey.oga" title="File:Es-Monterrey.oga">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-LPD_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LPD-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the capital and largest city of the northeastern state of <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>, Mexico, and the ninth-largest city and second largest metro area in Mexico behind <a href="/wiki/Greater_Mexico_City" title="Greater Mexico City">Greater Mexico City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-geo-gobnl_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geo-gobnl-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Located at the foothills of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_Oriental" title="Sierra Madre Oriental">Sierra Madre Oriental</a>, Monterrey is a major North American business and industrial hub, as well as the most populous city in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mexico" title="Northern Mexico">Northern Mexico</a>. </p><p>The city is anchor to the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Monterrey metropolitan area">Monterrey metropolitan area</a>, the second-largest in Mexico with an estimated population of 5,341,171 people as of 2020 and the second most productive metropolitan area in Mexico with a GDP (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>) of US$140 billion in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-mty-telediario_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mty-telediario-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2015GDP_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015GDP-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2020 census, the city itself has a population of 1,142,194.<sup id="cite_ref-mty-telediario_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mty-telediario-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Monterrey is one of the most livable cities in Mexico, and a 2018 study found that suburb <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a> is the city with the best quality of life in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It serves as a commercial center of northern Mexico and is the base of many significant international corporations. Its <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">purchasing power parity</a>-adjusted GDP per capita is considerably higher than the rest of Mexico's at around US$35,500, compared to the country's US$18,800.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered a <a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">Beta World City</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-The_World_According_to_GaWC_2010_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_World_According_to_GaWC_2010-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cosmopolitan and competitive.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rich in history and culture, it is one of the most developed cities in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Contreras2009_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Contreras2009-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The uninterrupted settlement of Monterrey was founded by <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Montemayor" title="Diego de Montemayor">Diego de Montemayor</a> in 1596. In the years after the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_War_of_Independence" title="Mexican War of Independence">Mexican War of Independence</a>, Monterrey became an important business center. The city experienced great industrial growth following the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Foundry" title="Monterrey Foundry">Monterrey Foundry</a> in 1900. The city has prominent positions in sectors such as steel, cement, glass, auto parts, and brewing. Monterrey's economic growth has been attributed in part to its proximity to the United States-Mexico border and economic links to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-buyusa_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buyusa-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is named after <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey">Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey</a>, who was viceroy of New Spain from 1595 to 1603. His family originated in <a href="/wiki/Monterrei" title="Monterrei">Monterrei</a>, Galicia, Spain. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Monterrey" title="History of Monterrey">History of Monterrey</a>; <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Monterrey,_Mexico" title="Timeline of Monterrey, Mexico">Timeline of Monterrey, Mexico</a>; and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="History of Nuevo León">History of Nuevo León</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehispanic_history">Prehispanic history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prehispanic history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the European foundation of the city, there was no established nation-state, and the population consisted of some indigenous <a href="/wiki/Nomad" title="Nomad">nomad</a> groups. <a href="/wiki/Carved_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Carved stone">Carved stone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">cave painting</a> in surrounding mountains and caves have allowed historians to identify four major groups in present-day Monterrey: <i>Azalapas</i>, <i>Huachichiles</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Coahuiltecan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Coahuiltecan people">Coahuiltecos</a></i> and <i>Borrados</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-elocal-hist_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elocal-hist-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation">Foundation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey,_1791.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey%2C_1791.jpg/220px-Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey%2C_1791.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey%2C_1791.jpg/330px-Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey%2C_1791.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey%2C_1791.jpg/440px-Plano_de_la_ciudad_de_Monterrey%2C_1791.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5861" data-file-height="3080" /></a><figcaption>Map of Monterrey 1791</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 16th century, the valley in which Monterrey sits was known as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Extremadura_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extremadura Valley (page does not exist)">Extremadura Valley</a>, an area largely unexplored by the Spanish colonizers. The first expeditions and colonization attempts were led by conquistador <a href="/wiki/Alberto_del_Canto" title="Alberto del Canto">Alberto del Canto</a>, who named the city <b>Santa Lucia</b>, but they were unsuccessful because the Spanish were attacked by the natives and fled. The Spanish expeditionary <a href="/wiki/Luis_Carvajal_y_de_la_Cueva" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva">Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva</a> negotiated with <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">King Philip II</a> of Spain to establish a territory in northern <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a> that would be called <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>, the "<a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="New Kingdom of León">New Kingdom of León</a>". In 1580, he arrived in the newly granted lands but it was not until 1582 that he established a settlement called <b>San Luis Rey de Francia</b> (named for <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis IX">Saint Louis IX of France</a>) within present-day Monterrey. The New Kingdom of León extended westward from the port of <a href="/wiki/Tampico" title="Tampico">Tampico</a> to the limits of <a href="/wiki/Nueva_Vizcaya,_New_Spain" title="Nueva Vizcaya, New Spain">Nueva Vizcaya</a> ("New Biscay", now State of <a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a>), and around 1,000 kilometers northward. For eight years Nuevo León was abandoned and uninhabited, until a third expedition of 13 families led by conquistador <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Montemayor" title="Diego de Montemayor">Diego de Montemayor</a> founded the <i>Ciudad Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de Monterrey</i> ("Metropolitan City of Our Lady of Monterrey") on September 20, 1596, next to a water spring called <i>Ojos de Agua de Santa Lucia</i>, where the Museum of Mexican History and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Luc%C3%ADa_riverwalk" title="Santa Lucía riverwalk">Santa Lucía riverwalk</a> are now. </p><p>During the years of Spanish rule, Monterrey remained a small city, and its population varied from a few hundred to only dozens. The city facilitated trade between <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a> (now in Texas), <a href="/wiki/Tampico" title="Tampico">Tampico</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Saltillo" title="Saltillo">Saltillo</a> to the center of the country. Tampico's port brought many products from Europe, while Saltillo concentrated the Northern Territories' trade with the capital, <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>. San Antonio was the key trade point with the northern foreign colonies (British and French).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_Mexican_Independence_(19th_century)"><span id="After_Mexican_Independence_.2819th_century.29"></span>After Mexican Independence (19th century)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: After Mexican Independence (19th century)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg/220px-Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg/330px-Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg/440px-Monterrey_to_the_west_October_1846.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="488" /></a><figcaption>Monterrey in 1846</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 19th century, after the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Independence_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Independence War">Mexican Independence War</a>, Monterrey rose as a key economic center for the newly formed nation, especially due to its balanced ties between Europe (with its connections to Tampico), the United States (with its connections to San Antonio), and the capital (through Saltillo). In 1824, the "New Kingdom of León" became the State of <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>, and Monterrey was selected as its capital. But the political instability that followed the first 50 years of the new country allowed two American invasions and an internal secession war, during which the governor of the state annexed <a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a> states, designating Monterrey as the capital of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_the_Sierra_Madre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic of the Sierra Madre (page does not exist)">Republic of the Sierra Madre</a> as it did before in 1840 for the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Rio_Grande" title="Republic of the Rio Grande">Republic of the Rio Grande</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1846, the earliest large-scale engagement of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> took place in the city, known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monterrey" title="Battle of Monterrey">Battle of Monterrey</a>. Mexican forces were forced to surrender but only after successfully repelling U.S. forces' first few advances on the city. The battle inflicted high casualties on both sides, much of them resulting from hand-to-hand combat within the walls of the city center. Many of the generals in the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_intervention_in_Mexico" title="Second French intervention in Mexico">Mexican War against France</a> were natives of the city, including <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Escobedo" title="Mariano Escobedo">Mariano Escobedo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Zuazua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Zuazua (page does not exist)">Juan Zuazua</a> (b. Lampazos de Naranjo, NL) and <a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_Trevi%C3%B1o" title="Jerónimo Treviño">Jerónimo Treviño</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The brewery <a href="/wiki/Cervecer%C3%ADa_Cuauht%C3%A9moc" class="mw-redirect" title="Cervecería Cuauhtémoc">Cervecería Cuauhtémoc</a>, one of the milestone local enterprises, was founded in 1890. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg/220px-Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg/330px-Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg/440px-Monterrey_entre_el_Obispado_y_el_Cerro_de_la_Silla_1904.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1032" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>View of Monterrey and Cerro de la Silla in 1904</figcaption></figure> <p>During the last decade of the 19th century, Monterrey was linked by railroad, which benefitted industry. It was during this period that <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Eleuterio_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="José Eleuterio González">José Eleuterio González</a> founded the <a href="/wiki/University_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hospital">University Hospital</a>, now one of northeast Mexico's best public hospitals, affiliated with the School of Medicine of the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Aut%C3%B3noma_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León">Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL)</a>. Antonio Basagoiti and other citizens founded the <i>Fundidora de Fierro y Acero de Monterrey</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fundidora_de_Fierro_y_Acero_de_Monterrey_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fundidora_de_Fierro_y_Acero_de_Monterrey-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A steel-producing company that accelerated the already fast industrialization of the city was founded in 1900 and became one of the world's biggest. In 1986, Monterrey hosted several games of the <a href="/wiki/1986_FIFA_World_Cup" title="1986 FIFA World Cup">1986 FIFA World Cup</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1988, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gilbert" title="Hurricane Gilbert">Hurricane Gilbert</a> caused great damage to the city; the previously dry <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santa_Catarina_River_(Mexico)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santa Catarina River (Mexico) (page does not exist)">Santa Catarina River</a> overflowed, causing over 100 deaths and economic damage.<sup id="cite_ref-Hurricane’s_Remnants_Head_Northeast;_Flooding_Ebbs_in_Mexico_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hurricane’s_Remnants_Head_Northeast;_Flooding_Ebbs_in_Mexico-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city has hosted international events such as the 2002 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations Conference on Financing for Development</a> with the participation of more than 50 heads of state and government, as well as other ministers and senior delegates from over 150 countries. The conference resulted in the adoption of the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Consensus" title="Monterrey Consensus">Monterrey Consensus</a>, which has become a reference point for international development and cooperation. In 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">OAS</a> <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Special_Summit_of_the_Americas" title="Monterrey Special Summit of the Americas">Special Summit of the Americas</a> was attended by almost all the presidents of the Americas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2007, Monterrey held the <a href="/wiki/2007_Universal_Forum_of_Cultures" title="2007 Universal Forum of Cultures">Universal Forum of Cultures</a>, with four million visitors. In 2008, Monterrey held the FINA World Junior Championships.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2010, Monterrey was hit by another damaging storm, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alex_(2010)" title="Hurricane Alex (2010)">Hurricane Alex</a> which was considered worse than <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gilbert" title="Hurricane Gilbert">Hurricane Gilbert</a>, with record-breaking rain bringing floods and causing severe economic damage. Damage estimates totaled US$1.885 billion and $16.9 billion MXN. Reconstruction and urban renewal ensued. Recently, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_Development_Plan_2030&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuevo León Development Plan 2030 (page does not exist)">Nuevo León Development Plan 2030</a> was presented, along with some other metropolitan projects.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In August 2011 the city was the scene of a <a href="/wiki/2011_Monterrey_casino_attack" title="2011 Monterrey casino attack">terror attack on a casino</a>, in which more than 50 people were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In summer 2022, the area experienced a severe drought, and city water service was cut off for several weeks to some areas, and in others limited to six hours a day.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has three reservoirs. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerro_Prieto_Reservoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerro Prieto Reservoir (page does not exist)">Cerro Prieto Reservoir</a> dropped to 1% of its capacity and <a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Boca_Reservoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Boca Reservoir (page does not exist)">La Boca Reservoir</a> dropped to 8%.<sup id="cite_ref-Gould_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gould-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Cuchillo_Reservoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Cuchillo Reservoir (page does not exist)">El Cuchillo Reservoir</a> remained at 30%, but limited aqueduct capacity led the government to announce in September 2022 a second aqueduct to connect it to Monterrey, with expected completion in July 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-Gould_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gould-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heavy rains replenished reservoirs in early September.<sup id="cite_ref-Gould_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gould-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Controversy erupted over local bottling companies continuing to use well water to export beer and soft drinks during the crisis, though industry uses only 4% of water in Nuevo León, while residents use 25% and agriculture uses 71%.<sup id="cite_ref-Gould_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gould-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late September, the governor of Nuevo León declared the crisis over, but asked residents to voluntarily use no more than 100 liters per day.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Water_scarcity_in_Mexico" title="Water scarcity in Mexico">Water scarcity in Mexico</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTY4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/MTY4.jpg/220px-MTY4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/MTY4.jpg/330px-MTY4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/MTY4.jpg/440px-MTY4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Monterrey seen from a <a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_la_Silla" title="Cerro de la Silla">Cerro de la Silla</a> antenna. The mountain to the left in the background is <a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_las_Mitras" title="Cerro de las Mitras">Cerro de las Mitras</a>; that on the right is <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Topo_Chico" title="Cerro del Topo Chico">Cerro del Topo Chico</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg/220px-Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg/330px-Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg/440px-Mount_Silla_and_Monterrey_MX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>City of Monterrey from the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">ISS</a>, 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Monterrey is 540 metres (1,770 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> in the northeastern state of <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NLgeo_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLgeo-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Monterrey translated literally from Spanish to English is "King Mount" or "King Mountain", and <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">folk etymology</a> claims that this refers to the city's topography and the large mountains that surround it (actually, the city was named after the wife of <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Z%C3%BA%C3%B1iga,_5th_Count_of_Monterrey" title="Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey">Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey</a>). The Santa Catarina River—dry most of the year on the surface but with flowing underground water—bisects Monterrey from east to west, separating the city into north and south halves, and drains the city to the <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_River_(Tamaulipas)" title="San Juan River (Tamaulipas)">San Juan River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</a>. </p><p>Monterrey is adjacent to <a href="/wiki/San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Garza" title="San Nicolás de los Garza">San Nicolás de los Garza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="García, Nuevo León">García</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Escobedo" title="General Escobedo">General Escobedo</a> to the north; <a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Guadalupe, Nuevo León">Guadalupe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ju%C3%A1rez,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juárez, Nuevo León">Juárez</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadereyta_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Cadereyta Jiménez">Cadereyta Jiménez</a> to the east; <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santiago, Nuevo León">Santiago</a> to the south; and <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Catarina,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santa Catarina, Nuevo León">Santa Catarina</a> to the west. Their combined metropolitan population is over 4,080,329 people.<sup id="cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-geo_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGI-CEM-geo-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Monterrey lies north of the foothills of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_Oriental" title="Sierra Madre Oriental">Sierra Madre Oriental</a> <a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range">mountain range</a>. A small hill, the <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Topo_Chico" title="Cerro del Topo Chico">Cerro del Topo</a>, and the smaller <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Topo_Chico" title="Cerro del Topo Chico">Topo Chico</a> are in the suburbs of San Nicolás de los Garza and Escobedo. West of the city rises the <a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_las_Mitras" title="Cerro de las Mitras">Cerro de las Mitras</a> (Mountain of the Mitres), which resemble the profile of several bishops with their <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitres</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_la_Silla" title="Cerro de la Silla">Cerro de la Silla</a> (Saddle Mountain) dominates the view at the east of the city and is considered a major symbol of the city. <a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_la_Loma_Larga" title="Cerro de la Loma Larga">Cerro de la Loma Larga</a>—South of the Santa Catarina river—separates Monterrey from the suburb of San Pedro Garza García. At the summit of the <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Obispado" title="Cerro del Obispado">Cerro del Obispado</a>, north of the river, is the historic <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Obispado" title="Cerro del Obispado">Bishopric Palace</a>, site of one of the most important battles of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_areas">Natural areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Natural areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG/220px-Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG/330px-Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG/440px-Cerro_de_la_silla201308-1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="2888" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_la_Silla" title="Cerro de la Silla">Cerro de la Silla</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The mountains surrounding Monterrey contain many canyons, trails and roads that cross deserts and forests and suitable trails are available to the general public. The Sierra Madre Oriental mountains south of the city are included in the "<a href="/wiki/Cumbres_de_Monterrey_National_Park" title="Cumbres de Monterrey National Park">Parque Nacional Cumbres de Monterrey</a>" (National Park), which was added to UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Program of Biosphere Reserves in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-Biosphere_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biosphere-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cumbres de Monterrey includes: </p> <ul><li>Parque Ecológico Chipinque,<sup id="cite_ref-Chipinque_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chipinque-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which contains forested areas (oak and oak-pine mainly).<sup id="cite_ref-Conservation_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Conservation-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CumbresdeMonterrey_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CumbresdeMonterrey-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CumbresdeMonterrey2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CumbresdeMonterrey2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estanzuela_state_park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estanzuela state park (page does not exist)">Estanzuela state park</a>, about 7 km (4 mi) south of Monterrey, a river and forested area.<sup id="cite_ref-Estanzuela_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Estanzuela-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Huasteca_Climbing_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="La Huasteca Climbing Area">La Huasteca</a>, west of the city, in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Catarina,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santa Catarina, Nuevo León">Santa Catarina</a>.</li> <li><i>El <a href="/wiki/Potrero_Chico" title="Potrero Chico">Potrero Chico Climbing Area</a></i>, north east of the city, in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Hidalgo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Hidalgo, Nuevo León">Hidalgo</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grutas_de_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Grutas de García">Garcia Caves</a> – these caves are situated in <a href="/wiki/Garcia,_Nuevo_Leon" class="mw-redirect" title="Garcia, Nuevo Leon">Garcia, Nuevo Leon</a> and were discovered in 1843. Inside you can see amazing stalagmites formations and snail fossils.<sup id="cite_ref-Garcia_Caves_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garcia_Caves-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Matacanes – can be found in the municipality of Potrero Redondo in <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Nuevo_Leon" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago, Nuevo Leon">Santiago, Nuevo Leon</a>. It is a 10 hrs walking tour in which you can find rappel descents, underground rivers, waterfalls, among other obstacles.<sup id="cite_ref-Matacanes_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matacanes-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hydrophobia Canyon – similar to Matacanes with the only difference this is a 100% aquatic area.<sup id="cite_ref-Hydrophobia_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hydrophobia-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cascade Cola de Caballo – a spectacular waterfall in Santiago Nuevo Leon, formed by water that runs down from the mountains of nearby Parque Nacional Cumbres de Monterrey, impressive rock formations and sprawling forests.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skymty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Skymty.jpg/220px-Skymty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Skymty.jpg/330px-Skymty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Skymty.jpg/440px-Skymty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Intense cloud layer over Monterrey</figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey has a <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>BSh</i>), not having enough precipitation for a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a>. Being inland at a modest elevation, it is one of the warmest major cities in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Summers are generally hot, spring and fall temperate, and winters mild, with temperatures rarely below freezing.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average high in August is 36 °C (97 °F) and the average low is 24 °C (75 °F). The average January high is 22 °C (72 °F) and the average low in January is 10 °C (50 °F). Rainfall is scarce in winter, but more frequent during May through September. </p><p>Monterrey frequently experiences extreme weather changes; for example, it sometimes reaches 30 °C (86 °F) in January and February, the coldest months. The most extreme weather changes in summer occur with rainfall, which can reduce temperatures significantly, and the temporary absence of the <i>northern winds</i> in winter, which can lead to abnormally high temperatures. Seasons are not well defined; the warm season may start in February and may last until September. In April and May 2011 temperatures reached 45 °C (113 °F) or higher, causing fires and extreme heat. Snow is a very rare event, although an accumulation of 50 cm (20 in) in 8 hours occurred in January 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-Winkler_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winkler-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recent snowfall was in February 2021. Sleet and ice events occurred in January 2007, December 2009, January and February 2010, and February 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> caused by temperatures around −5 °C (23 °F). </p><p>From June 30 to July 2, 2010, Monterrey was hit by the worst natural disaster in the city's history when <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alex_(2010)" title="Hurricane Alex (2010)">Hurricane Alex</a> delivered more than 584 mm (23 in) of rain in 72 hours, with areas reaching up to 1 m (39 in) of rain during that same period, destroying homes, avenues, highways and infrastructure, and leaving up to 200,000 families without water for a week or more. The amount of water that fell was equivalent to the average precipitation for a year. This was about 3–4 times as much rain as <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gilbert" title="Hurricane Gilbert">Hurricane Gilbert</a> produced in the city on September 15, 1988. The death toll of Hurricane Alex was estimated to be around 20. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Monterrey (1991-2020), extremes (1929-present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.5<br />(103.1) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.0<br />(109.4) </td> <td style="background: #A50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48.0<br />(118.4) </td> <td style="background: #C00000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.0<br />(114.8) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.5<br />(106.7) </td> <td style="background: #F10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.5<br />(108.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.0<br />(105.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #A50000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">48.0<br />(118.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7<br />(96.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.9<br />(69.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.0<br />(19.4) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.0<br />(19.4) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.5<br />(18.5) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−7.5<br />(18.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #DEFFDE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(0.86) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(1.07) </td> <td style="background: #D3FFD3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(1.15) </td> <td style="background: #CBFFCB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.6<br />(1.32) </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.2<br />(2.09) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.6<br />(2.46) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.9<br />(2.36) </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.7<br />(2.86) </td> <td style="background: #00CA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">199.7<br />(7.86) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.1<br />(2.52) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(1.18) </td> <td style="background: #DDFFDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(0.89) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">666.6<br />(26.24) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4 </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">63.0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000FB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.5 </td> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.7 </td> <td style="background: #0C0CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.3 </td> <td style="background: #0D0DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.1 </td> <td style="background: #0404FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.4 </td> <td style="background: #0909FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64.2 </td> <td style="background: #0B0BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000ED; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000FE; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">66.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160.3 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.8 </td> <td style="background: #D2D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">181.3 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.6 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">206.5 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222.8 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">237.9 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">258.8 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">184.4 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">179.0 </td> <td style="background: #C9C900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156.3 </td> <td style="background: #BFBF2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">139.3 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,275.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <sup id="cite_ref-SMNextremes_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMNextremes-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Ogimet)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey,_Mexico.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey%2C_Mexico.jpg/220px-ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey%2C_Mexico.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey%2C_Mexico.jpg/330px-ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey%2C_Mexico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey%2C_Mexico.jpg/440px-ISS-35_Night_image_of_Monterrey%2C_Mexico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Monterrey metropolitan area">Monterrey metropolitan area</a> at night from <a href="/wiki/ISS" class="mw-redirect" title="ISS">ISS</a></figcaption></figure> <p>According to the national <a href="/wiki/INEGI" class="mw-redirect" title="INEGI">INEGI</a> population census of 2010, of the total population of the state of <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>, 87.3% lived in the Monterrey metropolitan area.<sup id="cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-pop_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGI-CEM-pop-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Farnham,_Thomas_J_1863_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farnham,_Thomas_J_1863-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Durán,_Rafael_1862_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durán,_Rafael_1862-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-INEGI_1995_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGI_1995-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Monterrey metropolitan area">Monterrey metropolitan area</a> is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan areas of Mexico">second most populous</a> in Mexico with more than 5 million. It comprises the municipalities of Monterrey, <a href="/wiki/Apodaca" title="Apodaca">Apodaca</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Escobedo" title="General Escobedo">Escobedo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="García, Nuevo León">García</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Guadalupe, Nuevo León">Guadalupe</a>, Santiago, <a href="/wiki/Ju%C3%A1rez,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juárez, Nuevo León">Juárez</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Garza" title="San Nicolás de los Garza">San Nicolás de los Garza</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Catarina,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santa Catarina, Nuevo León">Santa Catarina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salinas_Victoria" title="Salinas Victoria">Salinas Victoria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-INEGI-metro_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGI-metro-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_ITESM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Panorama_ITESM.jpg/220px-Panorama_ITESM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Panorama_ITESM.jpg/330px-Panorama_ITESM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Panorama_ITESM.jpg/440px-Panorama_ITESM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education" title="Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education">Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey has an estimated 3.7% <a href="/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy">illiteracy</a> rate. In 2005, of an estimated 983,359 inhabitants above 6 years of age, 36,689 were illiterate.<sup id="cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-edu_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGI-CEM-edu-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, the city had 72 public libraries, with 298,207 books available, serving an estimated 478,047 readers.<sup id="cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-edu_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGI-CEM-edu-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Aut%C3%B3noma_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León">Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León</a> (Autonomous University of Nuevo León, UANL) is the third-largest Mexican university and is ranked by the Reader's Digest-AC Nielsen Survey 2005 as the top public university in northeast Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its main campus, Ciudad Universitaria (University City), covers approximately 67,630,000 square metres (17,000 acres).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The UANL system comprises 26 colleges (faculties), 22 graduate divisions, 29 high schools, 1 center of bilingual education and 3 technical high schools. Its medical school is considered one of the most advanced in Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Monterrey is also the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Tecnol%C3%B3gico_y_de_Estudios_Superiores_de_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey">Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey</a> (Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies),<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which ranked No. 291 at the 2013 QS World University Rankings in Engineering and Information Technology, No. 201 in Social Sciences and No. 279 overall.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also holds a "QS Stars Rated for Excellence" of 5 stars. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Regiomontana" title="Universidad Regiomontana">Universidad Regiomontana</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was founded in 1969 with the support of local leading multinational corporations such as Cemex,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alfa,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Femsa,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gamesa,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Protexa<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and CYDSA.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a private educational institution offering university-preparatory school, undergraduate and graduate programs, having agreements with more than 350 universities across the globe (such as the recent expanded agreement<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Texas A&M International University).<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is member of GATE (Global Alliance for Transnational Education) and FIMPES (Federación de Instituciones Mexicanas Particulares de Educación Superior) and its administration holds an ISO 9001 Certification. The university is nationally recognized, so its degree equivalency is comparable to that of a regionally accredited university in the United States. The university is dedicated to educating students in an atmosphere of freedom and humanism, and providing students hands-on experience in their field of study. Its urban campus<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> further stimulates the city's vibrant economy and attracts working professionals who complement and enrich the academic experience. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Monterrey">Universidad de Monterrey</a> was founded by the religious congregations of the Sisters of Immaculate Mary of Guadalupe, the nuns of the Sacred Heart and the Marist and La Salle brothers, all of them supported by an association of Catholic citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CIDICS1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/CIDICS1.jpg/220px-CIDICS1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/CIDICS1.jpg/330px-CIDICS1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/CIDICS1.jpg/440px-CIDICS1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption>Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences building of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_University_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Autonomous University of Nuevo León">Autonomous University of Nuevo León</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey generally has a very highly ranked medical infrastructure with some internationally acclaimed hospitals,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including three with <a href="/wiki/Joint_Commission" title="Joint Commission">Joint Commission</a> accreditation.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joint Commission is a private healthcare accreditation group. There are both public and private hospitals. The <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Social_Security_Institute" title="Mexican Social Security Institute">Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS)</a> has two major regional hospitals in the city, the Specialties Regional Hospital # 33, the cardiac centre (Hospital #34), and the Gynecology and Obstetrics Regional Hospital, serving also the northeastern states of <a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a>. Several smaller IMSS hospitals can be found such as the Traumatology and Orthopedics Hospital and the General Hospital # 25. State government owns the Metropolitan Hospital, located in the suburb of <a href="/wiki/San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Garza" title="San Nicolás de los Garza">San Nicolás de los Garza</a> and the Hospital of the Children and Mother Care in <a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Guadalupe, Nuevo León">Guadalupe</a> suburb. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/UANL" class="mw-redirect" title="UANL">Autonomous University of Nuevo León</a> runs the public University Hospital, with a high-level shock-trauma unit and a specialized clinic for child cancer treatment. It is recognized as the best public hospital in the northeast of Mexico and the UANL School of Medicine as one of the best in the country. On the other hand, the <a href="/wiki/ITESM" class="mw-redirect" title="ITESM">Tecnológico de Monterrey</a> runs the Hospital <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Jos%C3%A9-Tec_de_Monterrey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San José-Tec de Monterrey (page does not exist)">San José-Tec de Monterrey</a> private hospital. </p><p>Monterrey has healthcare standards above the average for Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has several hospitals, including Hospital Cima (formerly Santa Engracia) of the International Hospital Corporation. Its convenient location, low prices and quality of medical care have made of Monterrey a very popular <a href="/wiki/Medical_tourism" title="Medical tourism">medical tourism</a> destination for United States patients.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_and_government_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Politics and government of Nuevo León">Politics and government of Nuevo León</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG/220px-Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG/330px-Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG/440px-Palacio_municipal_monterrey.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1716" data-file-height="878" /></a><figcaption>Palacio Municipal de Monterrey (Monterrey City Hall)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG/220px-Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG/330px-Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG/440px-Palacio_de_Gobierno_de_monterrey.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>The Palace of Government of Nuevo León (Governor's Office)</figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey and its <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Monterrey metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> are municipalities governed by a democratically elected <i>Presidente Municipal</i> (Municipal President), or mayor, for a period of three years. The political environment is one of civility and in the last decade political parties have been alternating office. The current <a href="/wiki/Municipal_president_of_Monterrey" title="Municipal president of Monterrey">mayor of Monterrey</a> is <a href="/wiki/Luis_Donaldo_Colosio_Riojas" title="Luis Donaldo Colosio Riojas">Luis Donaldo Colosio Riojas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The City Council of Monterrey (<i>Cabildo de Monterrey</i>) is an organ integrated by the mayor, the <i>Regidores</i> and the <i>Síndicos</i>. The mayor is the executor of the determinations of the City Council and the person directly in charge of public municipal administration. The <i>Regidores</i> represent the community and collectively define city policies. The <i>Síndicos</i> are in charge of watching and legally defending city interests, as well as of monitoring the treasury and the municipal patrimony.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The political parties with representation in the city are the <a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">Institutional Revolutionary Party or PRI</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action Party or PAN</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">Party of the Democratic Revolution or PRD</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Mexico)" title="Labor Party (Mexico)">Labor Party or PT</a>, the <a href="/wiki/PVEM" class="mw-redirect" title="PVEM">Green Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Movement_(Mexico)" title="Citizens' Movement (Mexico)">Citizens' Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socialdemocratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialdemocratic Party">Socialdemocratic Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nueva_Alianza" class="mw-redirect" title="Nueva Alianza">Nueva Alianza</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_safety">Public safety</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Public safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Drug War">Mexican Drug War</a></div> <p>In 2005, Monterrey was ranked one of the safest cities in Mexico,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one of the two safest in 2006. But since 2008 it has experienced violence related to turf battles between warring drug cartels. The year 2011 was the most violent in history. Drug dealers are a major concern, although military offensives and police captures of important drug-cartel chiefs have weakened cartels trying to settle in the city. The city is safe to travel by day and night.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, cartels were still fighting for control of the city, potentially making Monterrey dangerous.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two police departments in the city, the Police of the City of Monterrey (locally known as the <i>Policía Regia</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dependent on the municipal government, and the State Public Safety.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Policía Regia</i> protects the city's downtown and main areas, while the State Public Safety is in charge of remoter areas. Since the <a href="/wiki/2011_Monterrey_casino_attack" title="2011 Monterrey casino attack">2011 attack on the Casino Royale</a>, security has been reinforced by military and federal police.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg/220px-Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg/330px-Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg/440px-Tunel_de_la_Loma_Larga_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="295" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Loma_Larga_Tunnel" title="Loma Larga Tunnel">Loma Larga Tunnel</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg/220px-Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg/330px-Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg/440px-Estaci%C3%B3n_General_Anaya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Metrorrey" title="Metrorrey">Metrorrey</a>'s <a href="/wiki/General_Anaya_metro_station_(Monterrey)" title="General Anaya metro station (Monterrey)">General Anaya station</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey is connected with the <a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico_border" class="mw-redirect" title="United States–Mexico border">United States–Mexico border</a>, the sea and inland Mexico through different roads, including the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_Highway_85" title="Mexican Federal Highway 85">Carretera Nacional</a> (also known as the <a href="/wiki/Pan-American_Highway" title="Pan-American Highway">Pan-American Highway</a>) that runs from <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Laredo" title="Nuevo Laredo">Nuevo Laredo</a> to <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a> and south, and the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_Highway_40" title="Mexican Federal Highway 40">Carretera Interoceánica</a> connecting <a href="/wiki/Matamoros,_Tamaulipas" title="Matamoros, Tamaulipas">Matamoros</a> with the port of <a href="/wiki/Mazatl%C3%A1n" title="Mazatlán">Mazatlán</a> on the Pacific; it is also crossed by <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_Highway_40" title="Mexican Federal Highway 40">highways 40</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_Highway_45" title="Mexican Federal Highway 45">45</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_Highway_57" title="Mexican Federal Highway 57">57</a>. The divided highway Monterrey-<a href="/wiki/Saltillo" title="Saltillo">Saltillo</a>-Matehuala-<a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a> is the main land corridor to interior Mexico. </p><p>There are several between-cities bus lines at the bus station downtown. There are arrivals and departures into deeper Mexico, to the U.S. border and into the United States. Monterrey is also connected by at least three important railroad freight lines: <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Laredo" title="Nuevo Laredo">Nuevo Laredo</a>-Mexico City, Monterrey-Tampico, and Monterrey-Pacific (<a href="/wiki/Mazatl%C3%A1n" title="Mazatlán">Mazatlán</a>). </p><p>The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Monterrey, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 85 min. 25% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 17 min, while 29.% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 9.5 km, while 25% travel for over 12 km in a single direction.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city has a <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapid transit system">rapid transit system</a> called <a href="/wiki/Metrorrey" title="Metrorrey">Metrorrey</a>, which currently has 3 lines.<sup id="cite_ref-Monterrey_Metro_1_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monterrey_Metro_1-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Monterrey_Metro_2_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monterrey_Metro_2-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">BRT</a> called <a href="/wiki/Ecov%C3%ADa" title="Ecovía">Ecovía</a>. </p><p>The city is served by two international airports: <a href="/wiki/General_Mariano_Escobedo_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="General Mariano Escobedo International Airport">General Mariano Escobedo International Airport</a> (served by major international carriers and moving more than 6.5 million passengers in 2007)<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Del_Norte_International_Airport" title="Del Norte International Airport">Del Norte International Airport</a>, a primarily private airport. </p><p>Monterrey is linked through frequent non-stop flights to many Mexican cities and to United States hubs (<a href="/wiki/Hartsfield%E2%80%93Jackson_Atlanta_International_Airport" title="Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport">Atlanta</a>, <a href="/wiki/O%27Hare_International_Airport" title="O'Hare International Airport">Chicago-O'Hare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dallas/Fort_Worth_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport">Dallas/Fort Worth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Metropolitan_Airport" title="Detroit Metropolitan Airport">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Bush_Intercontinental_Airport" title="George Bush Intercontinental Airport">Houston-Intercontinental</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport" title="John F. Kennedy International Airport">JFK/New York</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid_International_Airport" title="Harry Reid International Airport">Las Vegas</a>). Monterrey is the second most important city for the operating routes of <a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico" title="Aeroméxico">Aeroméxico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four airlines have their operational bases and headquarters in Monterrey, <a href="/wiki/Volaris" title="Volaris">Volaris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aerom%C3%A9xico_Connect" title="Aeroméxico Connect">Aeroméxico Connect</a>, <a href="/wiki/VivaAerobus" class="mw-redirect" title="VivaAerobus">VivaAerobus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magnicharters" title="Magnicharters">Magnicharters</a>. Regarding ground transportation from Monterrey International Airport, taxi services link the airport with the city and charge around US$20 for a one-way ride to the city. From this airport, there is a bus shuttle to nearby Saltillo. Inter-city bus services run daily into the interior, as well as north to the US border and points beyond. A public transportation bus line operated by the <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Leon" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuevo Leon">Nuevo Leon</a> State Government called the <i>Ruta Express</i> (Express Route) also operates from the airport to the <a href="/wiki/Metrorrey_Line_1" title="Metrorrey Line 1">Metrorrey Line 1</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Y_Griega_metro_station" title="Y Griega metro station">Y Griega metro station</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ampl_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ampl-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cola_de_Caballo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Cola_de_Caballo.JPG/250px-Cola_de_Caballo.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Cola_de_Caballo.JPG/375px-Cola_de_Caballo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Cola_de_Caballo.JPG/500px-Cola_de_Caballo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="1984" /></a><figcaption>Cola de Caballo (horse's tail)</figcaption></figure> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico" title="Urban water management in Monterrey, Mexico">Urban water management in Monterrey, Mexico</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <p>Early in the 20th century, Monterrey, Mexico began a successful economic metamorphosis and growth pattern that remains an exception in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>. This all began with increased investments in irrigation that fueled a boom in agriculture and ranching for this northern Mexican city. The economic growth has fueled income disparity for the 3.86 million residents who live in the <a href="/wiki/Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico" title="Urban water management in Monterrey, Mexico">Monterrey Metro area (MMA)</a>. In addition, the rapid urbanization has taken a large toll on the water resources. In addressing many of this challenges, the city of Monterrey has become a model for sound and effective <a href="/wiki/Integrated_urban_water_management" title="Integrated urban water management">Integrated urban water management</a>. </p><p>The challenges that Monterrey has confronted pertain to scarcity of surface water resources, poor water quality due to untreated industrial <a href="/wiki/Effluents" class="mw-redirect" title="Effluents">effluents</a>, political cycles and term-limits which can limit long-term vision, and water disputes between urban and agricultural users. Monterrey has good groundwater "well-fields" that supply about 40% of the water demand for the city and generally are not over-exploited because of good connections to high-yield <a href="/wiki/Aquifer" title="Aquifer">aquifer</a> systems in the central parts of the "Curvatura de Monterrey". These wells are managed as storage reserves that can be used in time of drought, which is quite common in this region of Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_Wellfield_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_Wellfield-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> Also unique to Monterrey is an arrangement made between farmers and the municipality, whereby the farmers grant the use of their water rights from the nearby Cuchillo reservoir and the municipal water utility SADM <i>(Servicios de Agua y Drenaje de Monterrey)</i> returns urban used and treated water to farmers for <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_C._Scott_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_C._Scott-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This arrangement has benefited both parties since SADM supplements its water supply with high quality but internmitent supply from the Cuchillo reservoir and farmers receive a consistent and full of nutrients water for irrigation. The longer term outlook for the area is for urbanization to continue and water availability to decrease, therefore, new water management strategies will have to be created.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Monterrey" title="Category:Companies based in Monterrey">Category:Companies based in Monterrey</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Torresobispadomty001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Torresobispadomty001.jpg/170px-Torresobispadomty001.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Torresobispadomty001.jpg/255px-Torresobispadomty001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Torresobispadomty001.jpg/340px-Torresobispadomty001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1011" data-file-height="1986" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Torres_Obispado" title="Torres Obispado">Torres Obispado</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Latin_America" title="List of tallest buildings in Latin America">tallest skyscraper in Latin America</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey is a major industrial center in northern Mexico, with a GDP (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>) of US$140 billion and a GDP (PPP) per capita of US$31,900 in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-2015GDP_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015GDP-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was rated by <i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a></i> magazine in 1999 as the best city in Latin America for business and is currently ranked third best by the <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rica_Econom%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="América Economía">América Economía</a> magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-buyusa_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buyusa-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city has prominent positions in sectors such as steel, cement, glass, auto parts, and brewing. The city's economic wealth has been attributed in part to its proximity to the United States-Mexico border and economic links to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-buyusa_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buyusa-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Industrialization was accelerated in the mid-19th century by the <i>Compañia Fundidora de Fierro y Acero Monterrey</i>, a steel-processing company.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, Monterrey is home to transnational conglomerates such as <a href="/wiki/Cemex" title="Cemex">Cemex</a> (the world's third largest cement company),<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/FEMSA" title="FEMSA">FEMSA</a> (Coca-Cola Latin America, largest independent Coca-Cola bottler in the world), <a href="/wiki/ALFA_(Mexico)" title="ALFA (Mexico)">Alfa</a> (petrochemicals, food, telecommunications and auto parts), <a href="/wiki/Axtel" title="Axtel">Axtel</a> (telecommunications), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitro_SA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vitro SA (page does not exist)">Vitro</a> (glass), <a href="/wiki/Selther" title="Selther">Selther</a> (leading mattress and rest systems firm in Latin America), <a href="/wiki/Gruma" title="Gruma">Gruma</a> (food), and <a href="/wiki/Banorte" title="Banorte">Banorte</a> (financial services). The <a href="/wiki/FEMSA" title="FEMSA">FEMSA</a> corporation owned a large brewery, the <a href="/wiki/Cuauht%C3%A9moc_Moctezuma_Brewery" title="Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery">Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery</a> (Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma) that produces the brands Sol, <a href="/wiki/Tecate_(beer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tecate (beer)">Tecate</a>, Indio, <a href="/wiki/Dos_Equis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dos Equis">Dos Equis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carta_Blanca" class="mw-redirect" title="Carta Blanca">Carta Blanca</a> among others, in the beginning of the year Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery was sold to Dutch-based company <a href="/wiki/Heineken" title="Heineken">Heineken</a>. By the end of the same year, there were more than 13,000 manufacturing companies, 55,000 retail stores, and more than 52,000 service firms in Monterrey.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The metals sector, dominated by iron and steel, accounted for 6 percent of manufacturing <a href="/wiki/GNP" class="mw-redirect" title="GNP">GNP</a> in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-steel_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steel-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mexico's <a href="/wiki/Steel_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Steel industry">steel industry</a> is centered in Monterrey, where the country's first steel mills opened in 1903. Steel processing plants in Monterrey, privatized in 1986, accounted for about half of Mexico's total steel output in the early 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-steel_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-steel-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Monterrey was ranked 94th worldwide and fifth in Latin America in terms of Quality of Life according to Mercer Human Resource Consulting (2006),<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was ranked second in 2005 and fourth in 2006, according to América Economía. </p><p>Some of the shopping malls in the city include <a href="/wiki/Paseo_San_Pedro" title="Paseo San Pedro">Paseo San Pedro</a>, Paseo La Fe, <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Fiesta_San_Agust%C3%ADn" title="Plaza Fiesta San Agustín">Plaza Fiesta San Agustín</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galer%C3%ADas_Monterrey" title="Galerías Monterrey">Galerías Monterrey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Galer%C3%ADas_Valle_Oriente" title="Galerías Valle Oriente">Galerías Valle Oriente</a>. </p><p>In March 2023, <a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a> announced that it would build a new <a href="/wiki/Gigafactory" title="Gigafactory">gigafactory</a>—<a href="/wiki/Gigafactory_Mexico" title="Gigafactory Mexico">Gigafactory Mexico</a>—near Monterrey. The factory will be a ~US$10 billion dollar investment, and will employ thousands of workers when fully operational, as well as employ many thousands of workers during construction.<sup id="cite_ref-bb20230307_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb20230307-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panoramic image of Monterrey"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg/800px-PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg/1200px-PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg/1600px-PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="12376" data-file-height="4142" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg" title="File:PanoramicaMonterrey.jpg"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/Panoramic_image" class="mw-redirect" title="Panoramic image">Panoramic image</a> of Monterrey</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2007_Universal_Forum_of_Cultures" title="2007 Universal Forum of Cultures">2007 Universal Forum of Cultures</a> was an international cultural event held in Monterrey from September 20 to December 8, 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg/220px-Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg/330px-Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg/440px-Cabritos_in_Monterrey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cabrito" title="Cabrito">Cabrito</a> (kid goat) is Monterrey's most popular traditional dish</figcaption></figure> <p>The most traditional dish from Monterrey is <i><a href="/wiki/Cabrito" title="Cabrito">cabrito</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kid goat cooked on embers. Other local dishes and customs that perhaps date back to the <a href="/wiki/Crypto-Judaism" title="Crypto-Judaism">Crypto-Judaism</a> of Monterrey's founding families are the "semita" (bread without leavening), the <a href="/wiki/Capirotada" title="Capirotada">capirotada</a> dessert (a mix of cooked bread, cheese, raisins, peanuts, and crystallized sugarcane juice), and the relative absence of pork dishes. Another famous local dish is <i><a href="/wiki/Machacado_con_huevo" title="Machacado con huevo">machacado con huevo</a></i>. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Carne_asada" title="Carne asada">Carne asada</a></i> on weekends remains a tradition among Monterrey families. It is usually served with grilled onions, baked potatoes and <a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">sausages</a> or chopped as <a href="/wiki/Taco" title="Taco">tacos</a>. Locally brewed beer and cola are an almost mandatory part of the weekly ritual. "Glorias" and "obleas," made from goat milk, are both traditional Nuevo León desserts. </p><p>Monterrey has a wide gastronomic variety due to its climate geography, climate, texture, a mixture of ethnics groups, and their influences, a series of unique dishes have been created through more than 400 years of history.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_music">Contemporary music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Contemporary music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Musical_groups_from_Monterrey" title="Category:Musical groups from Monterrey">Category:Musical groups from Monterrey</a></div> <p>Since the 1960s, Monterrey has been known for "Norteño" music. Bands like Ramon Ayala, Pesado, Duelo and other Mexican "regional" bands perform at the clubs. Monterrey has witnessed the birth of several bands that have become internationally acclaimed. Their genres vary considerably. Bands include <a href="/wiki/Plastilina_Mosh" title="Plastilina Mosh">Plastilina Mosh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Control_Machete" title="Control Machete">Control Machete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinky_(band)" title="Kinky (band)">Kinky</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Gran_Silencio" title="El Gran Silencio">El Gran Silencio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celso_Pina" class="mw-redirect" title="Celso Pina">Celso Pina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jumbo_(band)" title="Jumbo (band)">Jumbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Division_Minuscula" class="mw-redirect" title="Division Minuscula">Division Minuscula</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Genitallica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genitallica (page does not exist)">Genitallica</a>, <a href="/wiki/3Ball_MTY" title="3Ball MTY">3Ball MTY</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Warning_(Mexican_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Warning (Mexican band)">The Warning</a>, GAMA, Los Claxons. The song "Los Oxidados" by Plastilina Mosh opened the 2005 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Mr._%26_Mrs._Smith_(2005_film)" title="Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)">Mr. & Mrs. Smith</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antiguo_Palacio_Federal,_Monterrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Antiguo_Palacio_Federal%2C_Monterrey.jpg/220px-Antiguo_Palacio_Federal%2C_Monterrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Antiguo_Palacio_Federal%2C_Monterrey.jpg/330px-Antiguo_Palacio_Federal%2C_Monterrey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Antiguo_Palacio_Federal%2C_Monterrey.jpg/440px-Antiguo_Palacio_Federal%2C_Monterrey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2741" data-file-height="1815" /></a><figcaption>Seat of LABNL Lab Cultural Ciudadano</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_(_El_Obispado_)_19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_%28_El_Obispado_%29_19.jpg/220px-Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_%28_El_Obispado_%29_19.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_%28_El_Obispado_%29_19.jpg/330px-Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_%28_El_Obispado_%29_19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_%28_El_Obispado_%29_19.jpg/440px-Museo_Regional_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_%28_El_Obispado_%29_19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Ex-Bishop of Monterrey <a href="/wiki/Palacio_del_Obispado" title="Palacio del Obispado">Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Obispado" title="Cerro del Obispado">Bishop Slope</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg/220px-Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg/330px-Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg/440px-Cerro_de_la_Silla_-_Flickr_-_eperales.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Santa_Luc%C3%ADa_riverwalk" title="Santa Lucía riverwalk">Santa Lucía</a> artificial river over <a href="/wiki/Fundidora_Park" title="Fundidora Park">Fundidora Park</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Santa_Luc%C3%ADa_riverwalk" title="Santa Lucía riverwalk">Santa Lucía</a> artificial river, built between 1996 and 2007. It currently joins the <a href="/wiki/Macroplaza" title="Macroplaza">Macroplaza</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Fundidora_Park" title="Fundidora Park">Fundidora Park</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_la_Silla" title="Cerro de la Silla">Cerro de la Silla</a> (Saddle Mountain).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Macroplaza" title="Macroplaza">Macroplaza</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_city_squares_by_size" title="List of city squares by size">the 8th largest city square in the world</a>, is the cultural and administrative heart of the city featuring remarkable monuments, green areas and buildings. Its development was overseen by <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Alessio_Robles" title="Ángela Alessio Robles">Ángela Alessio Robles</a> in the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faro_del_Comercio" title="Faro del Comercio">Faro del Comercio</a> (Lighthouse of Commerce), another trademark of the city. This monument beams a <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">green laser</a> around the city at night.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrio_Antiguo" title="Barrio Antiguo">Barrio Antiguo</a> (lit. <i>Old neighborhood</i> or old town) is the historical urban center of the city of Monterrey. There are preserved houses from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Nowadays bars, cafes, art galleries and restaurants can be found there. In November of every year the <i>Festival Cultural Barrio Antiguo</i> takes place with national and international artists and performers. In recent years this festival has been replaced with the <i>Festival Internacional de Santa Lucia</i>, which now takes place in September.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_de_Arte_Contempor%C3%A1neo_de_Monterrey" title="Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Monterrey">The Museum of Modern Art</a> is a post-modern Mexican architecture designed by <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Legorreta" title="Ricardo Legorreta">Ricardo Legorreta</a> with the objective of creating different ambiances for artists and visitors from all around the world.</li> <li>Monterrey's <a href="/wiki/Inukshuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Inukshuk">Inukshuk</a> is one of only a handful of authentic examples to be found outside Canada of these stone monuments from the high Arctic. The sculpture was created in situ by the renowned Inuit artist <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nasogaluak" title="Bill Nasogaluak">Bill Nasogaluak</a> in 2007 and was a gift to the state of Nuevo León from the Canadian Chamber of Commerce and the Government of Canada.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundidora_Park" title="Fundidora Park">Fundidora Park</a> is a large urban park that contains old foundry buildings, 120 hectares of natural ambiance, artificial lakes, playgrounds, alternative cinema (Cineteca), museum (Photo Collection, the State Plastic Arts Collection, Exhibits and Spaces), hotel, auditorium and convention center.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puente_de_la_Unidad" title="Puente de la Unidad">Puente de la Unidad</a> (sometimes called <i>Puente Atirantado</i>) is a suspension bridge that crosses the Santa Catarina River and joins <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a> with Monterrey.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Planetarium" title="Alfa Planetarium">Alfa Planetarium</a> is the first <a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a> dome built in Latin America and fourth in the world.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Gobierno_(Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n)" title="Palacio de Gobierno (Nuevo León)">The Government Palace of Nuevo León</a> is a pink marble of Neoclassical architecture where the governor's office is located.</li> <li>El <a href="/wiki/Cerro_del_Obispado" title="Cerro del Obispado">Cerro del Obispado</a> (Bishopric Hill) which includes a public, scenic lookout called <a href="/wiki/Mirador_del_Obispado" title="Mirador del Obispado">Mirador del Obispado</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Banderas_monumentales" title="Banderas monumentales">Monumental flag</a> and the museum inside the <a href="/wiki/Palacio_del_Obispado" title="Palacio del Obispado">Palacio del Obispado</a> (the Bishopric Palace).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITESM" class="mw-redirect" title="ITESM">ITESM</a>, ITESM has two distinctive buildings CEDES which houses the administration of the ITESM nationwide system and the CETEC which houses the main computer classroom and other offices.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuauht%C3%A9moc_Moctezuma_Brewery" title="Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery">Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery</a> (Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma), with its 19th-century buildings and where the national Baseball Hall of Fame (<a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%B3n_de_la_Fama_del_Beisbol_Profesional_de_M%C3%A9xico" class="mw-redirect" title="Salón de la Fama del Beisbol Profesional de México">Salón de la Fama</a>) is located.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Cola_de_Caballo" title="Cola de Caballo">Cola de Caballo</a> (Horse Tail) waterfall, on the mountains near the towns of Santiago and El Cercado, about 35 km (22 mi) south.</li> <li>On the way to the Cola de Caballo waterfall (Carretera Nacional going to Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas), in Santiago, the Presa Rodrigo Gomez or "La Boca" ("La Boca" Dam)<sup id="cite_ref-La_Boca_Dam_1_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-La_Boca_Dam_1-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-La_Boca_Dam_2_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-La_Boca_Dam_2-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lays nested between green hills.</li> <li>The Museum of Mexican History<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the most representative and visited museum of the North of the Republic, fulfilling its purpose of spreading the historical content of the Mexican cultural heritage.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LABNL_Lab_Cultural_Ciudadano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LABNL Lab Cultural Ciudadano (page does not exist)">LABNL Lab Cultural Ciudadano</a> is a citizen laboratory located in the center of the city. This public space of collective creation develops projects for the common benefit of local communities.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Monterrey is an important producer and broadcaster of media and entertainment in Mexico. <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Multimedios" title="Grupo Multimedios">Grupo Multimedios</a> operates 4 television channels in the city, and <a href="/wiki/XHAW-TDT" title="XHAW-TDT">XHAW-TDT</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Flagship_(broadcasting)" title="Flagship (broadcasting)">flagship</a> of the near-national network <a href="/wiki/Canal_6_(Mexico)" title="Canal 6 (Mexico)">Canal 6</a>, which also airs as a cable network in the United States. National broadcasting networks <a href="/wiki/Televisa" title="Televisa">Televisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Azteca_(multimedia_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Azteca (multimedia company)">Azteca</a> have local stations for all of their major channels, along with the non-commercial broadcasters such as <a href="/wiki/Canal_Once_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canal Once (Mexico)">Once</a> and <a href="/wiki/XEIMT-TDT" title="XEIMT-TDT">Canal 22</a> networks. The state of Nuevo León and <a href="/wiki/Universidad_Aut%C3%B3noma_de_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León">UANL</a> also maintain television stations. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Reforma" title="Grupo Reforma">Grupo Reforma</a>, one of the most widely read newsources in Mexico originated in the city with the newspaper <a href="/wiki/El_Norte_(Monterrey)" title="El Norte (Monterrey)">El Norte</a>. <a href="/wiki/Milenio_Diario" class="mw-redirect" title="Milenio Diario">Milenio Diario de Monterrey</a>, published by <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Multimedios" title="Grupo Multimedios">Grupo Multimedios</a>, is another newspaper of high distribution, daily printing local editions in the most important Mexican cities. Other local newspapers include <i>El Porvenir</i>, <i>El Horizonte</i>, and <i>ABC</i>. Northern Mexico's weekly business newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Biznews" title="Biznews">Biznews</a></i> is also headquartered in Monterrey. </p><p>Monterrey also has <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="List of radio stations in Nuevo León">several radio stations</a> broadcasting news, music, entertainment, and culture for the city. The main radio broadcasting groups are <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Multimedios" title="Grupo Multimedios">Multimedios Radio</a>, Grupo Radio Alegría and Nucleo Radio Monterrey. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city hosted 8 matches during the <a href="/wiki/1986_FIFA_World_Cup" title="1986 FIFA World Cup">1986 FIFA World Cup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fifa-1986_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fifa-1986-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city will host matches during the <a href="/wiki/2026_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2026 FIFA World Cup">2026 FIFA World Cup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/FINA_World_Junior_Swimming_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="FINA World Junior Swimming Championships">FINA World Junior Swimming Championships</a> were held in Monterrey in the summer of 2008 at the University of Nuevo Leon (UANL),<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the completion of a world-class and FINA-approved Aquatic Center. Also the city wanted to bid for the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the Mexican Olympic Committee refused to support it.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Backed by a young people's movement, students of the universities of Monterrey formed the Monterrey 2014 Foundation with the purpose of hosting the <a href="/wiki/2014_Summer_Youth_Olympics" title="2014 Summer Youth Olympics">2014 Summer Youth Olympics</a>. In 2009, the Mexican Olympic Committee gave the bid to <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a> which later on withdrew the bid late January 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Monterrey was <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_bid_for_the_2018_Summer_Youth_Olympics" title="Monterrey bid for the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics">bidding</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2018_Summer_Youth_Olympics" title="2018 Summer Youth Olympics">2018 Summer Youth Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Again, in February 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Olympic_Committee" title="Mexican Olympic Committee">Mexican Olympic Committee</a> chose <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a> as a candidate for the <a href="/wiki/2018_Summer_Youth_Olympics" title="2018 Summer Youth Olympics">2018 Summer Youth Olympics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was eliminated by the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> to advance to the final round.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, the Foundation Monterrey Olympic City A.C., the new name of this group of young citizens,<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are working on a project bid for the <a href="/wiki/2023_Summer_Youth_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Summer Youth Olympics">2023 Summer Youth Olympics</a><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and then apply for the <a href="/wiki/2028_Summer_Olympics" title="2028 Summer Olympics">2028 Summer Olympics</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_%281%29.jpg/220px-Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_%281%29.jpg/330px-Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_%281%29.jpg/440px-Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4440" data-file-height="2808" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Estadio_BBVA" title="Estadio BBVA">Estadio BBVA</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Monterrey has two <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams in the Mexican league. The <a href="/wiki/Club_de_F%C3%BAtbol_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Club de Fútbol Monterrey">C.F. Monterrey</a>, commonly known as the <i>Rayados del Monterrey</i>, uses the <a href="/wiki/Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Estadio BBVA Bancomer">Estadio BBVA Bancomer</a>, a facility sponsored by <a href="/wiki/BBVA_Bancomer" class="mw-redirect" title="BBVA Bancomer">BBVA Bancomer</a> and other important businesses. The <a href="/wiki/Tigres_UANL" title="Tigres UANL">Tigres UANL</a>, owned by <a href="/wiki/CEMEX" class="mw-redirect" title="CEMEX">CEMEX</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-cemex-tig_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cemex-tig-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> host matches at <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Universitario_(UANL)" title="Estadio Universitario (UANL)">Estadio Universitario</a>, on the main campus of the <a href="/wiki/UANL" class="mw-redirect" title="UANL">UANL</a>. Both teams are related to the city on the <a href="/wiki/Local_derby" class="mw-redirect" title="Local derby">derby</a>, called <a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A1sico_Regiomontano" title="Clásico Regiomontano">Clásico Regiomontano</a>. During the match, most of the city watches in bars, clubs, and family homes. It was proposed to build a stadium for both teams, the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estadio_Internacional_Monterrey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estadio Internacional Monterrey (page does not exist)">Estadio Internacional Monterrey</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but both teams rejected the idea. The project is still being promoted, but the UANL Tigres have yet to finish their stadium contract and the <i>Rayados</i> just inaugurated a new stadium of their own. Club de Fútbol Monterrey recently opened a new stadium with a capacity of 50,000. It was scheduled to be finished by 2014, named "<a href="/wiki/Estadio_de_F%C3%BAtbol_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Estadio de Fútbol Monterrey">Estadio de Fútbol Monterrey</a>", but was inaugurated on August 2, 2015, in a match with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benfica_FC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benfica FC (page does not exist)">Benfica FC</a>. Rayados won, 3–0. Before the inauguration, the name was changed to <a href="/wiki/Estadio_BBVA_Bancomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Estadio BBVA Bancomer">Estadio BBVA Bancomer</a>. It will remain the club's property for 50 years before becoming government property. </p><p>In addition, two professional <a href="/wiki/Indoor_soccer" title="Indoor soccer">indoor soccer</a> teams were hosted in the past, the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_La_Raza_(1992%E2%80%932001)" title="Monterrey La Raza (1992–2001)">Monterrey La Raza</a>, members of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Indoor_Soccer_League" title="Continental Indoor Soccer League">Continental Indoor Soccer League</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Indoor_Soccer_League" title="World Indoor Soccer League">World Indoor Soccer League</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Fury" title="Monterrey Fury">Monterrey Fury</a>, members of the <a href="/wiki/Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_(2001%E2%80%932008)" title="Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008)">Major Indoor Soccer League</a>. The city was <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_La_Raza_(2007%E2%80%9310)" class="mw-redirect" title="Monterrey La Raza (2007–10)">awarded another franchise to begin play in the fall of 2007</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Major_Indoor_Soccer_League_(2001%E2%80%932008)" title="Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008)">MISL</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg/220px-Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg/330px-Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg/440px-Estadio_de_beisbol_en_Monterrey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1282" data-file-height="814" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Estadio_de_B%C3%A9isbol_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Estadio de Béisbol Monterrey">Estadio de Béisbol Monterrey</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Baseball has a long history in the city, where it became the most popular sport during the early 20th century. Monterrey has been champion of the <a href="/wiki/Little_League_World_Series" title="Little League World Series">Little League World Series</a> three times (1957, 1958 and 1997), and has been host of <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> games. The <a href="/wiki/Sultanes_de_Monterrey" title="Sultanes de Monterrey">Sultanes de Monterrey</a> are a Mexican League baseball team in the Northern Division. They have won the national title several times. The team was formed May 20, 1939, as Carta Blanca (a local beer brand, owned by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery which owned the team). The team was also known as the gray ghosts. Soon, they became one of the most important teams in the league, winning its first championship in 1943. The Sultanes play in the <a href="/wiki/Estadio_de_B%C3%A9isbol_Monterrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Estadio de Béisbol Monterrey">Estadio de Béisbol Monterrey</a>, the largest baseball stadium in Mexico.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2003, the city unsuccessfully attempted to buy (and relocate to Monterrey) the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Expos" title="Montreal Expos">Montreal Expos franchise</a> of <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>. </p><p>There are two professional basketball teams: <a href="/wiki/Fuerza_Regia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuerza Regia">Fuerza Regia</a> that plays in the national league, <a href="/wiki/Liga_Nacional_de_Baloncesto_Profesional" title="Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional">Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey_Poison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monterrey Poison (page does not exist)">Monterrey Venom</a> that plays in the minor league <a href="/wiki/American_Basketball_Association_(21st_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Basketball Association (21st century)">American Basketball Association</a>. Fuerza Regia used to play at the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Monterrey Arena">Monterrey Arena</a> and now is doing this at Gimnasio Nuevo León while the Monterrey Poison plays at the gymnasium of the ITESM. The city has hosted the <a href="/wiki/Champ_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Champ Car">Champ Car</a> race in <a href="/wiki/Fundidora_Park" title="Fundidora Park">Fundidora Park</a> from 2001 to 2005 and hosted the <a href="/wiki/A1_Grand_Prix" title="A1 Grand Prix">A1 Grand Prix of Nations</a> in February 2006. </p><p>In 2004, Monterrey hosted the <a href="/wiki/World_Karate_Federation" title="World Karate Federation">World Karate Federation</a> Senior World Championships. In April 2004, Monterrey's <a href="/wiki/Arena_Monterrey" title="Arena Monterrey">Arena Monterrey</a> became the first city to host <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">WWE</a> in Mexico. In 2007, Monterrey hosted the Women's <a href="/wiki/WTBA_World_Tenpin_Bowling_Championships" title="WTBA World Tenpin Bowling Championships">WTBA World Tenpin Bowling Championships</a>. The city has two college <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> teams, the <i><a href="/wiki/Aut%C3%A9nticos_Tigres_UANL" title="Auténticos Tigres UANL">Auténticos Tigres UANL</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Borregos_Salvajes_Monterrey" title="Borregos Salvajes Monterrey">Borregos Salvajes</a></i> (ITESM) that play in the National College League (<a href="/wiki/ONEFA" class="mw-redirect" title="ONEFA">ONEFA</a>). There is also a local children's league called AFAIM. People can also find golf, fishing, camping, and extreme-sports outdoors near the city (<a href="/wiki/Bungee_jumping" title="Bungee jumping">bungee jumping</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cola_de_Caballo" title="Cola de Caballo">Cola de Caballo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rock-climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock-climbing">rock-climbing</a>, hiking, mountain bike). In particular there is international-level <a href="/wiki/Rock-climbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock-climbing">rock-climbing</a> places like la Huasteca, <a href="/wiki/Potrero_Chico" title="Potrero Chico">Potrero Chico</a> and many other canyons. </p><p>Starting 2009 the <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Open" title="Monterrey Open">Monterrey Open</a> has been held at Monterrey. It is a professional women's tennis tournament affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is part of the International tournaments on the WTA Tour. The <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Open_(Nationwide_Tour_event)" class="mw-redirect" title="Monterrey Open (Nationwide Tour event)">Monterrey Open</a> was also a golf tournament on the U.S.-based second tier professional <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_Tour" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationwide Tour">Nike Tour</a>, later named the Nationwide Tour and the Korn Ferry Tour, from 1993 to 2001. It was played at the Club Campestre in <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a>, a suburb of Monterrey. In 2010, Monterrey hosted the <a href="/wiki/International_Ice_Hockey_Federation" title="International Ice Hockey Federation">International Ice Hockey Federation</a> World U18 Championship at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey_Ice_Complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monterrey Ice Complex (page does not exist)">Monterrey Ice Complex</a>. Centauros Rugby Club Monterrey was founded in 2010 and is affiliated with the FMRU (Federacion Mexicana de Rugby). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cepill%C3%ADn" title="Cepillín">Cepillín</a>, clown</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovani_dos_Santos" title="Giovani dos Santos">Giovani dos Santos</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_dos_Santos" title="Jonathan dos Santos">Jonathan dos Santos</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MC_Davo" title="MC Davo">MC Davo</a>, rapper</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Garza_Sada" title="Eugenio Garza Sada">Eugenio Garza Sada</a>, industrialist and philanthropist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selma_Oxor" title="Selma Oxor">Selma Oxor</a>, singer-songwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sof%C3%ADa_Reyes" title="Sofía Reyes">Sofía Reyes</a>, singer-songwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Cant%C3%BA" title="Mariana Rodríguez Cantú">Mariana Rodríguez Cantú</a>, influencer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Daniel Suárez">Daniel Suárez</a>, race car driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Trevi" title="Gloria Trevi">Gloria Trevi</a>, singer and actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Trevi%C3%B1o" title="Mariana Treviño">Mariana Treviño</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa_Barrera" title="Melissa Barrera">Melissa Barrera</a>, actress and singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pato_O%27Ward" title="Pato O'Ward">Pato O'Ward</a>, race car driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandra_Villarreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Alejandra Villarreal">Alejandra Villarreal</a>, bassist for The Warning band</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Villarreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniela Villarreal">Daniela Villarreal</a>, guitarist/singer for The Warning band</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulina_Villarreal" title="Paulina Villarreal">Paulina Villarreal</a>, drummer/singer for The Warning band and Decidadas Global Award winner</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Mexico" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Mexico">List of twin towns and sister cities in Mexico</a></div> <p>Monterrey is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, Spain (1992)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine"><img alt="State of Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a>, Palestine (1999)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>, Spain (1993)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, South Africa (2016)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Chile" title="Concepción, Chile">Concepción</a>, Chile (1997)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, United States (1992)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala"><img alt="Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala_City" title="Guatemala City">Guatemala City</a>, Guatemala (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a>, Canada (1993)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a>, Romania (1993)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/McAllen,_Texas" title="McAllen, Texas">McAllen</a>, United States (1999)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia"><img alt="Colombia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Medell%C3%ADn" title="Medellín">Medellín</a>, Colombia (1996)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Monterrei" title="Monterrei">Monterrei</a>, Spain (1999)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Olongapo" title="Olongapo">Olongapo</a>, Philippines (1993)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a>, United States (2002)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rosario" title="Rosario">Rosario</a>, Argentina (1993)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>, United States (1953)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador"><img alt="El Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Salvador" title="San Salvador">San Salvador</a>, El Salvador (1996)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Shenyang</a>, China (2015)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>, Indonesia (2001)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/32px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/48px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/64px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mexico" title="Portal:Mexico">Mexico portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Monterrey" title="Symbols of Monterrey">Symbols of Monterrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Monterrey" title="List of tallest buildings in Monterrey">List of tallest buildings in Monterrey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161013155105/http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">"World Urban Areas"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Demographia. 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on October 13, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Urban+Areas&rft.pub=Demographia&rft.date=2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemographia.com%2Fdb-worldua.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlores2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Flores, Lourdes (February 24, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225234635/https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/estados/Zona-Metropolitana-de-Monterrey-es-la-segunda-mas-poblada-de-Mexico-Inegi-20210224-0112.html">"Zona Metropolitana de Monterrey es la segunda más poblada de México: Inegi"</a> [Monterrey Metropolitan Area is the second most populous in Mexico: Inegi]. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Economista_(Mexico)" title="El Economista (Mexico)">El Economista</a></i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/estados/Zona-Metropolitana-de-Monterrey-es-la-segunda-mas-poblada-de-Mexico-Inegi-20210224-0112.html">the original</a> on February 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Economista&rft.atitle=Zona+Metropolitana+de+Monterrey+es+la+segunda+m%C3%A1s+poblada+de+M%C3%A9xico%3A+Inegi&rft.date=2021-02-24&rft.aulast=Flores&rft.aufirst=Lourdes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eleconomista.com.mx%2Festados%2FZona-Metropolitana-de-Monterrey-es-la-segunda-mas-poblada-de-Mexico-Inegi-20210224-0112.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gob.mx/conapo/documentos/delimitacion-de-las-zonas-metropolitanas-de-mexico-2015">"Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de México 2015"</a>. <i>gob.mx</i> (in Spanish). Consejo Nacional de Población. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181104170244/https://www.gob.mx/conapo/documentos/delimitacion-de-las-zonas-metropolitanas-de-mexico-2015">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gob.mx&rft.atitle=Delimitaci%C3%B3n+de+las+zonas+metropolitanas+de+M%C3%A9xico+2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gob.mx%2Fconapo%2Fdocumentos%2Fdelimitacion-de-las-zonas-metropolitanas-de-mexico-2015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TelluBase-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TelluBase_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf">"TelluBase—Mexico Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Tellusant. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240113154659/https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 13, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TelluBase%E2%80%94Mexico+Fact+Sheet+%28Tellusant+Public+Service+Series%29&rft.pub=Tellusant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftellusant.com%2Frepo%2Ftb%2Ftellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-geo-gobnl-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-geo-gobnl_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-geo-gobnl_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=ubicacion_geografica">"Ubicación Geográfica"</a>. Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090417031720/http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=ubicacion_geografica">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ubicaci%C3%B3n+Geogr%C3%A1fica&rft.pub=Gobierno+del+Estado+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nl.gob.mx%2F%3FP%3Dubicacion_geografica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cambio-horario-2023-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cambio-horario-2023_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politica.expansion.mx/sociedad/2023/10/23/cambio-de-horario-2023-estados">"Hola, horario de invierno 2023: ¿Cuándo se cambia la hora y en qué estados?"</a>. <i>ADNPolítico</i> (in Spanish). September 25, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231109165415/https://politica.expansion.mx/sociedad/2023/10/23/cambio-de-horario-2023-estados">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ADNPol%C3%ADtico&rft.atitle=Hola%2C+horario+de+invierno+2023%3A+%C2%BFCu%C3%A1ndo+se+cambia+la+hora+y+en+qu%C3%A9+estados%3F&rft.date=2023-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolitica.expansion.mx%2Fsociedad%2F2023%2F10%2F23%2Fcambio-de-horario-2023-estados&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LPD-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LPD_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation cs2">Wells, John C. (2008), <i>Longman Pronunciation Dictionary</i> (3rd ed.), Longman, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781405881180" title="Special:BookSources/9781405881180"><bdi>9781405881180</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Longman+Pronunciation+Dictionary&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781405881180&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mty-telediario-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mty-telediario_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mty-telediario_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mty.telediario.mx/local/area-metropolitana-de-monterrey-la-segunda-mas-poblada-de-mexico">"Área Metropolitana de Monterrey, la segunda más poblada de México"</a>. January 25, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126183926/https://mty.telediario.mx/local/area-metropolitana-de-monterrey-la-segunda-mas-poblada-de-mexico">Archived</a> from the original on January 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%81rea+Metropolitana+de+Monterrey%2C+la+segunda+m%C3%A1s+poblada+de+M%C3%A9xico&rft.date=2021-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmty.telediario.mx%2Flocal%2Farea-metropolitana-de-monterrey-la-segunda-mas-poblada-de-mexico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2015GDP-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2015GDP_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2015GDP_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParilla2016" class="citation web cs1">Parilla, Jesus Leal Trujillo and Joseph (September 29, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/research/redefining-global-cities/">"Redefining Global Cities"</a>. <i>Brookings</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191028052524/https://www.brookings.edu/research/redefining-global-cities/">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brookings&rft.atitle=Redefining+Global+Cities&rft.date=2016-09-29&rft.aulast=Parilla&rft.aufirst=Jesus+Leal+Trujillo+and+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fresearch%2Fredefining-global-cities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190930154420/https://www.fortuneenespanol.com/lifestyle/ciudades-mexico-calidad-vida/">"Las 10 ciudades de México con mejor calidad de vida"</a>. August 22, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fortuneenespanol.com/lifestyle/ciudades-mexico-calidad-vida">the original</a> on September 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Las+10+ciudades+de+M%C3%A9xico+con+mejor+calidad+de+vida&rft.date=2018-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fortuneenespanol.com%2Flifestyle%2Fciudades-mexico-calidad-vida&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130605135349/http://www.brookings.edu/research/interactives/global-metro-monitor-3">"Global MetroMonitor | Brookings Institution"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brookings.edu/research/interactives/global-metro-monitor-3">the original</a> on June 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+MetroMonitor+%26%23124%3B+Brookings+Institution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fresearch%2Finteractives%2Fglobal-metro-monitor-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_World_According_to_GaWC_2010-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_World_According_to_GaWC_2010_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010t.html">"The World According to GaWC 2010"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Globalization and World Cities Research Network</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130202041320/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010t.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+According+to+GaWC+2010&rft.pub=Globalization+and+World+Cities+Research+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lboro.ac.uk%2Fgawc%2Fworld2010t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010.html">"GaWC - The World According to GaWC 2010"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110924125643/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2010.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 24, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GaWC+-+The+World+According+to+GaWC+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lboro.ac.uk%2Fgawc%2Fworld2010.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120516135416/http://www.managementthinking.eiu.com/sites/default/files/downloads/Hot%20Spots.pdf">"Hot spots - Benchmarking global city competitiveness"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. January 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.managementthinking.eiu.com/sites/default/files/downloads/Hot%20Spots.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 16, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Hot+spots+-+Benchmarking+global+city+competitiveness&rft.date=2012-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.managementthinking.eiu.com%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdownloads%2FHot%2520Spots.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Contreras2009-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Contreras2009_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Contreras2009" class="citation book cs1">Joseph Contreras (March 16, 2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900813544822"><i>In the Shadow of the Giant: The Americanization of Modern Mexico</i></a></span>. Rutgers University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900813544822/page/276">276</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-4482-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-4482-3"><bdi>978-0-8135-4482-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 13,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Shadow+of+the+Giant%3A+The+Americanization+of+Modern+Mexico&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2009-03-16&rft.isbn=978-0-8135-4482-3&rft.au=Joseph+Contreras&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_2900813544822&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-buyusa-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-buyusa_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-buyusa_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-buyusa_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604210213/https://www.buyusa.gov/mexico/en/business_monterrey.html">"Business Opportunities in Monterrey – U.S. Commercial Service Mexico"</a>. buyusa.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buyusa.gov/mexico/en/business_monterrey.html">the original</a> on June 4, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Business+Opportunities+in+Monterrey+%E2%80%93+U.S.+Commercial+Service+Mexico&rft.pub=buyusa.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buyusa.gov%2Fmexico%2Fen%2Fbusiness_monterrey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDay2000" class="citation web cs1">Day, Paul (July 1, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219050008/http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/travel/bzm/bzmmonterreyreport.html">"Monterrey: In Mexico, the North Star shines : Mexico Business"</a>. Mexconnect.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/travel/bzm/bzmmonterreyreport.html">the original</a> on February 19, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey%3A+In+Mexico%2C+the+North+Star+shines+%3A+Mexico+Business&rft.pub=Mexconnect.com&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mexconnect.com%2Fmex_%2Ftravel%2Fbzm%2Fbzmmonterreyreport.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elocal-hist-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-elocal-hist_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110816015515/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/nuevoleon/hist.htm">"Historia – Nuevo León"</a>. e-local.gob.mx. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/nuevoleon/hist.htm">the original</a> on August 16, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historia+%E2%80%93+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n&rft.pub=e-local.gob.mx&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-local.gob.mx%2Fwork%2Ftemplates%2Fenciclo%2Fnuevoleon%2Fhist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fundidora_de_Fierro_y_Acero_de_Monterrey-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fundidora_de_Fierro_y_Acero_de_Monterrey_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131020165539/http://www.parquefundidora.org/index.php?plantilla=01a.php&id_cont=5">"Parque Fundidora"</a>. <i>www.parquefundidora.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parquefundidora.org/?id_cont=5&plantilla=01a.php">the original</a> on October 20, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parquefundidora.org&rft.atitle=Parque+Fundidora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parquefundidora.org%2F%3Fid_cont%3D5%26plantilla%3D01a.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hurricane’s_Remnants_Head_Northeast;_Flooding_Ebbs_in_Mexico-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hurricane’s_Remnants_Head_Northeast;_Flooding_Ebbs_in_Mexico_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-09-20-mn-2327-story.html">"Hurricane's Remnants Head Northeast; Flooding Ebbs in Mexico"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. September 20, 1988. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231108112930/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-09-20-mn-2327-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Hurricane%27s+Remnants+Head+Northeast%3B+Flooding+Ebbs+in+Mexico&rft.date=1988-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1988-09-20-mn-2327-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/americas/08/26/mexico.attack/index.html">"52 killed in attack at Mexican casino"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119001158/http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/americas/08/26/mexico.attack/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=52+killed+in+attack+at+Mexican+casino&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2011%2FWORLD%2Famericas%2F08%2F26%2Fmexico.attack%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/07/16/1111868458/a-water-crisis-restricts-usage-to-6-hours-a-day-in-one-of-mexicos-largest-cities">"A water crisis restricts usage to 6 hours a day in one of Mexico's largest cities"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221003074931/https://www.npr.org/2022/07/16/1111868458/a-water-crisis-restricts-usage-to-6-hours-a-day-in-one-of-mexicos-largest-cities">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=A+water+crisis+restricts+usage+to+6+hours+a+day+in+one+of+Mexico%27s+largest+cities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F07%2F16%2F1111868458%2Fa-water-crisis-restricts-usage-to-6-hours-a-day-in-one-of-mexicos-largest-cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gould-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gould_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gould_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gould_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gould_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJens_Gould2022" class="citation web cs1">Jens Gould (September 6, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2368252-mexico-builds-aqueduct-for-dry-industrial-hub?backToResults=true">"Mexico builds aqueduct for dry industrial hub"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221003074925/https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2368252-mexico-builds-aqueduct-for-dry-industrial-hub?backToResults=true">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mexico+builds+aqueduct+for+dry+industrial+hub&rft.date=2022-09-06&rft.au=Jens+Gould&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.argusmedia.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2F2368252-mexico-builds-aqueduct-for-dry-industrial-hub%3FbackToResults%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221228174030/https://mexiconewsdaily.com/we-no-longer-have-a-water-crisis-nuevo-leon/">"Nuevo Leon governor says state's drought emergency is over"</a>. September 26, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mexiconewsdaily.com/we-no-longer-have-a-water-crisis-nuevo-leon/">the original</a> on December 28, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nuevo+Leon+governor+says+state%27s+drought+emergency+is+over&rft.date=2022-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmexiconewsdaily.com%2Fwe-no-longer-have-a-water-crisis-nuevo-leon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NLgeo-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NLgeo_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140327165002/http://nl.gob.mx/?P=nl_orografia_hidrografia">"Peaks and bodies of water"</a>. Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León, México. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=nl_orografia_hidrografia">the original</a> on March 27, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peaks+and+bodies+of+water&rft.pub=Gobierno+del+Estado+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n%2C+M%C3%A9xico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nl.gob.mx%2F%3FP%3Dnl_orografia_hidrografia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INEGI-CEM-geo-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-geo_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019140325/http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_01.xls">"Sistema para la Consulta del CEM Monterrey, Nuevo León, Edición 2006 – Aspectos Geográficos (spanish)"</a>. INEGI. 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_01.xls">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Excel_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Excel file format">XLS</a>)</span> on October 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sistema+para+la+Consulta+del+CEM+Monterrey%2C+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n%2C+Edici%C3%B3n+2006+%E2%80%93+Aspectos+Geogr%C3%A1ficos+%28spanish%29&rft.pub=INEGI&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inegi.org.mx%2Fest%2Fcontenidos%2Fespanol%2Fsistemas%2Fcem06%2Finfo%2Fnln%2Fm039%2Fc19039_01.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biosphere-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Biosphere_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081108104914/http://www.unesco.org/mab/BRs/LacBRlist.shtml">"Latin America & Caribbean"</a>. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization People, Biodiversity and Ecology. September 2, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/mab/BRs/LacBRlist.shtml">the original</a> on November 8, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Latin+America+%26+Caribbean&rft.pub=United+Nations+Educational%2C+Scientific+and+Cultural+Organization+People%2C+Biodiversity+and+Ecology&rft.date=2008-09-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unesco.org%2Fmab%2FBRs%2FLacBRlist.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chipinque-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chipinque_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060516180504/http://www.chipinque.org.mx/webchipinque/ingles/portada/index3.htm">"Chipinque Ecological Park website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chipinque.org.mx/webchipinque/ingles/portada/index3.htm">the original</a> on May 16, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 16,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chipinque+Ecological+Park+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chipinque.org.mx%2Fwebchipinque%2Fingles%2Fportada%2Findex3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Conservation-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Conservation_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071201073035/http://www.imernar.org/pdfs/jaguar%20pdf.pdf">"ฝาก 20 รับ 50 ถอนไม่อั้น"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from the original on December 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81+20+%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A+50+%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimernar.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CumbresdeMonterrey-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CumbresdeMonterrey_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721000126/http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=117985">"Siguen en defensa de La Huasteca"</a>. <i>El Porvenir</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=117985">the original</a> on July 21, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Porvenir&rft.atitle=Siguen+en+defensa+de+La+Huasteca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elporvenir.com.mx%2Fnotas.asp%3Fnota_id%3D117985&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CumbresdeMonterrey2-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CumbresdeMonterrey2_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721000151/http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=127001">"Realizarán protestas ciudadanas contra Valle de Reyes"</a>. <i>El Porvenir</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=127001">the original</a> on July 21, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Porvenir&rft.atitle=Realizar%C3%A1n+protestas+ciudadanas+contra+Valle+de+Reyes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elporvenir.com.mx%2Fnotas.asp%3Fnota_id%3D127001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Estanzuela-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Estanzuela_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabast/Estanzuela.html">"La Estanzuela Parque Natural"</a>. Naba.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131103192408/http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabast/Estanzuela.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+Estanzuela+Parque+Natural&rft.pub=Naba.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naba.org%2Fchapters%2Fnabast%2FEstanzuela.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Garcia_Caves-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Garcia_Caves_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150224175109/http://www.bestday.com/Monterrey/Attractions/">"Monterrey attractions"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bestday.com/Monterrey/Attractions/">the original</a> on February 24, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey+attractions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bestday.com%2FMonterrey%2FAttractions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Matacanes-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Matacanes_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215121032/http://www.matacanes.net/matacanes.php?lang=eng&dest=2">"Matacanes – Adventure Travel – MEXICO & Canyoneering"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.matacanes.net/matacanes.php?lang=eng&dest=2">the original</a> on February 15, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matacanes+%E2%80%93+Adventure+Travel+%E2%80%93+MEXICO+%26+Canyoneering&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.matacanes.net%2Fmatacanes.php%3Flang%3Deng%26dest%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hydrophobia-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hydrophobia_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215070850/http://www.matacanes.net/matacanes.php?lang=eng&dest=20">"Matacanes – Adventure Travel – MEXICO & Canyoneering"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.matacanes.net/matacanes.php?lang=eng&dest=20">the original</a> on February 15, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matacanes+%E2%80%93+Adventure+Travel+%E2%80%93+MEXICO+%26+Canyoneering&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.matacanes.net%2Fmatacanes.php%3Flang%3Deng%26dest%3D20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weather.com/">"National and Local Weather Forecast, Hurricane, Radar and Report"</a>. Weather.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140509161400/http://www.weather.com/">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+and+Local+Weather+Forecast%2C+Hurricane%2C+Radar+and+Report&rft.pub=Weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweather.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=049367&refer=">"Monterrey, Nuevo León Travel Weather Averages"</a>. Weatherbase. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131229121744/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=049367&refer=">Archived</a> from the original on December 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey%2C+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n+Travel+Weather+Averages&rft.pub=Weatherbase&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatherbase.com%2Fweather%2Fweather.php3%3Fs%3D049367%26refer%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Winkler-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Winkler_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinkler1967" class="citation journal cs1">Winkler, William (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/095/mwr-095-04-0227.pdf">"The Weather and Circulation of January 1967"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Monthly Weather Review</i>. <b>95</b> (4): 227–233. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1967MWRv...95..227W">1967MWRv...95..227W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0493%281967%29095%3C0227%3Aammwuh%3E2.3.co%3B2">10.1175/1520-0493(1967)095<0227:ammwuh>2.3.co;2</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130522204642/http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/095/mwr-095-04-0227.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 22, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=The+Weather+and+Circulation+of+January+1967&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=227-233&rft.date=1967&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2F1520-0493%281967%29095%3C0227%3Aammwuh%3E2.3.co%3B2&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1967MWRv...95..227W&rft.aulast=Winkler&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.lib.noaa.gov%2Frescue%2Fmwr%2F095%2Fmwr-095-04-0227.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23qSWFb-aE4"><span class="plainlinks">Monterrey Nevada Febrero 2011</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-4-WMO-Normals-9120/Mexico/CSV/Monterrey_76393.csv">"Monterrey Climate Normals 1991-2020"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230819181011/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-4-WMO-Normals-9120/Mexico/CSV/Monterrey_76393.csv">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey+Climate+Normals+1991-2020&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nodc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Farc0216%2F0253808%2F1.1%2Fdata%2F0-data%2FRegion-4-WMO-Normals-9120%2FMexico%2FCSV%2FMonterrey_76393.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMNextremes-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SMNextremes_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Max-Extr/00019/00019049.TXT">"Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Monterrey"</a> (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211016161735/https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Max-Extr/00019/00019049.TXT">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extreme+Temperatures+and+Precipitation+for+Monterrey&rft.pub=Servicio+Meteorol%C3%B3gico+Nacional&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsmn.conagua.gob.mx%2Ftools%2FRESOURCES%2FMax-Extr%2F00019%2F00019049.TXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=76393&ano=2024&mes=1&day=17&hora=20&min=0&ndays=30">"76393: Monterrey, N.L. (Mexico)"</a>. <i>ogimet.com</i>. OGIMET. January 16, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ogimet.com&rft.atitle=76393%3A+Monterrey%2C+N.L.+%28Mexico%29&rft.date=2024-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ogimet.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fgsynres%3Find%3D76393%26ano%3D2024%26mes%3D1%26day%3D17%26hora%3D20%26min%3D0%26ndays%3D30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INEGI-CEM-pop-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-pop_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019192111/http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_03.xls">"Sistema para la Consulta del CEM Monterrey, Nuevo León, Edición 2006 – Población (Spanish)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/INEGI" class="mw-redirect" title="INEGI">INEGI</a>. 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_03.xls">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Excel_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Excel file format">XLS</a>)</span> on October 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sistema+para+la+Consulta+del+CEM+Monterrey%2C+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n%2C+Edici%C3%B3n+2006+%E2%80%93+Poblaci%C3%B3n+%28Spanish%29&rft.pub=INEGI&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inegi.org.mx%2Fest%2Fcontenidos%2Fespanol%2Fsistemas%2Fcem06%2Finfo%2Fnln%2Fm039%2Fc19039_03.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farnham,_Thomas_J_1863-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Farnham,_Thomas_J_1863_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1746, Farnham, Thomas J. Mexico: Its Geography, its people and its institutions. New York, 1846; Mexico: The Country, History and People. London, 1863.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durán,_Rafael_1862-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Durán,_Rafael_1862_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1862 a/ – Durán, Rafael. "Memorias sobre el censo de la República", en Boletín de la Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadística. México, 1862.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1900 a 1940 – Censos Generales de Población.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INEGI_1995-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INEGI_1995_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1995 – INEGI. Conteo de Población y Vivienda, 1995.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INEGI-metro-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INEGI-metro_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110501065908/http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/metodologias/otras/zonas_met.pdf">"Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de México"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/metodologias/otras/zonas_met.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 1, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Delimitaci%C3%B3n+de+las+zonas+metropolitanas+de+M%C3%A9xico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inegi.gob.mx%2Fest%2Fcontenidos%2Fespanol%2Fmetodologias%2Fotras%2Fzonas_met.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INEGI-CEM-edu-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-edu_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-INEGI-CEM-edu_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019135532/http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_06.xls">"Sistema para la Consulta del CEM Monterrey, Nuevo León, Edición 2006 – Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Spanish)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/INEGI" class="mw-redirect" title="INEGI">INEGI</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_06.xls">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span> on October 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sistema+para+la+Consulta+del+CEM+Monterrey%2C+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n%2C+Edici%C3%B3n+2006+%E2%80%93+Educaci%C3%B3n%2C+Cultura+y+Deporte+%28Spanish%29&rft.pub=INEGI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inegi.org.mx%2Fest%2Fcontenidos%2Fespanol%2Fsistemas%2Fcem06%2Finfo%2Fnln%2Fm039%2Fc19039_06.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090904134526/http://www.uanl.mx/international/ingles">"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León - Conoce la UANL"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uanl.mx/international/ingles">the original</a> on September 4, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Universidad+Aut%C3%B3noma+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n+-+Conoce+la+UANL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uanl.mx%2Finternational%2Fingles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090426231752/http://www.uanl.mx/acerca/ubicacion">"Acerca de - Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León - Acerca de"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uanl.mx/acerca/ubicacion">the original</a> on April 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Acerca+de+-+Universidad+Aut%C3%B3noma+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n+-+Acerca+de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uanl.mx%2Facerca%2Fubicacion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140327174159/http://www.medicina.uanl.mx/">"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Facultad de Medicina"</a>. Medicina.uanl.mx. March 30, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medicina.uanl.mx/">the original</a> on March 27, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Universidad+Aut%C3%B3noma+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n.+Facultad+de+Medicina&rft.pub=Medicina.uanl.mx&rft.date=2011-03-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicina.uanl.mx%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040226035040/http://www.cegs.itesm.mx/pi/teaching/life/education.html">"Life in Monterrey – Education"</a>. cegs.itesm.mx. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cegs.itesm.mx/pi/teaching/life/education.html">the original</a> on February 26, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Life+in+Monterrey+%E2%80%93+Education&rft.pub=cegs.itesm.mx&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cegs.itesm.mx%2Fpi%2Fteaching%2Flife%2Feducation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120626122019/http://www.topuniversities.com/institution/tecnologico-de-monterrey-itesm/wur">"QS World University Rankings 2013"</a>. 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.topuniversities.com/institution/tecnologico-de-monterrey-itesm/wur">the original</a> on June 26, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QS+World+University+Rankings+2013&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Finstitution%2Ftecnologico-de-monterrey-itesm%2Fwur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120902025208/http://www.ur.mx/">"Bienvenidos al Portal de la Universidad Regiomontana"</a>. Ur.mx. November 13, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ur.mx/">the original</a> on September 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bienvenidos+al+Portal+de+la+Universidad+Regiomontana&rft.pub=Ur.mx&rft.date=2012-11-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ur.mx%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130815043246/http://www.cemex.com/">"CEMEX - Building a better future"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cemex.com/">the original</a> on August 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CEMEX+-+Building+a+better+future&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cemex.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alfa.com.mx">"ALFA"</a>. <i>www.alfa.com.mx</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702042948/http://www.alfa.com.mx/">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.alfa.com.mx&rft.atitle=ALFA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alfa.com.mx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFContentful" class="citation web cs1">Contentful. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190517061033/http://www.femsa.com/">"FEMSA -"</a>. <i>www.femsa.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.femsa.com">the original</a> on May 17, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.femsa.com&rft.atitle=FEMSA+-&rft.au=Contentful&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.femsa.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190624183727/https://www.gamesa.com.mx/">"Gamesa México"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamesa.com.mx">the original</a> on June 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gamesa+M%C3%A9xico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamesa.com.mx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190321190647/https://www.protexa.com.mx/">"Grupo Protexa"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.protexa.com.mx">the original</a> on March 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grupo+Protexa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.protexa.com.mx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190629185610/https://www.cydsa.com/">"CYDSA"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cydsa.com">the original</a> on June 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CYDSA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cydsa.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222045527/http://news.tamus.edu/2006/01/01/tamiu-expands-agreement-with-mexico-universidad-regiomontana/">"TAMIU expands agreement with Mexico's Universidad Regiomontana"</a>. <i>tamus.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.tamus.edu/2006/01/01/tamiu-expands-agreement-with-mexico-universidad-regiomontana/">the original</a> on February 22, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tamus.edu&rft.atitle=TAMIU+expands+agreement+with+Mexico%27s+Universidad+Regiomontana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.tamus.edu%2F2006%2F01%2F01%2Ftamiu-expands-agreement-with-mexico-universidad-regiomontana%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing" class="citation web cs1">King, Rory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713043259/https://www.tamiu.edu/">"Texas A&M International University"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tamiu.edu">the original</a> on July 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Texas+A%26M+International+University&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tamiu.edu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221232224/http://ww3.ur.mx/portals/0/2013/NewEventos/croquis_2013.jpg">"Urban Campus Map"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ww3.ur.mx/portals/0/2013/NewEventos/croquis_2013.jpg">the original</a> on February 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Urban+Campus+Map&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww3.ur.mx%2Fportals%2F0%2F2013%2FNewEventos%2Fcroquis_2013.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928034905/http://www.udem.edu.mx/XStatic/udem/template/msdetallenota.aspx?ms=english&st=2064&sTema=History&ssTema=UDEM%20founders">"UDEM – About UDEM"</a>. udem.edu.mx. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.udem.edu.mx/XStatic/udem/template/msdetallenota.aspx?ms=english&st=2064&sTema=History&ssTema=UDEM%20founders">the original</a> on September 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UDEM+%E2%80%93+About+UDEM&rft.pub=udem.edu.mx&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.udem.edu.mx%2FXStatic%2Fudem%2Ftemplate%2Fmsdetallenota.aspx%3Fms%3Denglish%26st%3D2064%26sTema%3DHistory%26ssTema%3DUDEM%2520founders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111025122403/http://www.solutionsabroad.com/en/living/living-category/staying-healthy-in-mexico.html">"Mexico Staying Healthy in Mexico"</a>. solutionsabroad.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solutionsabroad.com/en/living/living-category/staying-healthy-in-mexico.html">the original</a> on October 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mexico+Staying+Healthy+in+Mexico&rft.pub=solutionsabroad.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solutionsabroad.com%2Fen%2Fliving%2Fliving-category%2Fstaying-healthy-in-mexico.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013115555/http://www.medicaltourismmag.com/issue-detail.php?item=69&issue=4">"All About Monterrey, Mexico"</a>. medicaltourismmag.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medicaltourismmag.com/issue-detail.php?item=69&issue=4">the original</a> on October 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=All+About+Monterrey%2C+Mexico&rft.pub=medicaltourismmag.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicaltourismmag.com%2Fissue-detail.php%3Fitem%3D69%26issue%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131013115151/http://www.medicaltourismmag.com/issue-detail.php?item=90&issue=4">"MONTERREY HEALTHCARE CITY ~ TALENT AND TECHNOLOGY TO TREAT YOU"</a>. medicaltourismmag.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medicaltourismmag.com/issue-detail.php?item=90&issue=4">the original</a> on October 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MONTERREY+HEALTHCARE+CITY+~+TALENT+AND+TECHNOLOGY+TO+TREAT+YOU&rft.pub=medicaltourismmag.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicaltourismmag.com%2Fissue-detail.php%3Fitem%3D90%26issue%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080506173732/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/mexico/stories/DN-hospitals_28int.ART0.State.Edition2.424104e.html">"Good care, low prices lure patients to Mexico | Dallas Morning News | News for Dallas, Texas | Mexico News"</a>. Dallasnews.com. July 28, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/mexico/stories/DN-hospitals_28int.ART0.State.Edition2.424104e.html">the original</a> on May 6, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Good+care%2C+low+prices+lure+patients+to+Mexico+%26%23124%3B+Dallas+Morning+News+%26%23124%3B+News+for+Dallas%2C+Texas+%26%23124%3B+Mexico+News&rft.pub=Dallasnews.com&rft.date=2007-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fsharedcontent%2Fdws%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmexico%2Fstories%2FDN-hospitals_28int.ART0.State.Edition2.424104e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090318031616/http://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/JCI-Spotlight-Stories-OCA-Hospital-Monterrey-Mexico/">"JCI Spotlight Stories: OCA Hospital, Monterrey, Mexico – Joint Commission International"</a>. jointcommissioninternational.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/JCI-Spotlight-Stories-OCA-Hospital-Monterrey-Mexico/">the original</a> on March 18, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JCI+Spotlight+Stories%3A+OCA+Hospital%2C+Monterrey%2C+Mexico+%E2%80%93+Joint+Commission+International&rft.pub=jointcommissioninternational.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jointcommissioninternational.org%2FJCI-Spotlight-Stories-OCA-Hospital-Monterrey-Mexico%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/elecciones-2021/2021/06/08/luis-donaldo-colosio-indira-vizcaino-samuel-garcia-y-adolfo-cerqueda-las-nuevas-caras-de-la-politica-en-mexico/">"Colosio, Vizcaíno, Marina y Cerqueda, las nuevas caras de la política en México"</a>. El Financiero/<a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg</a>. June 8, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230228221257/https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/elecciones-2021/2021/06/08/luis-donaldo-colosio-indira-vizcaino-samuel-garcia-y-adolfo-cerqueda-las-nuevas-caras-de-la-politica-en-mexico/">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Colosio%2C+Vizca%C3%ADno%2C+Marina+y+Cerqueda%2C+las+nuevas+caras+de+la+pol%C3%ADtica+en+M%C3%A9xico&rft.date=2021-06-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elfinanciero.com.mx%2Felecciones-2021%2F2021%2F06%2F08%2Fluis-donaldo-colosio-indira-vizcaino-samuel-garcia-y-adolfo-cerqueda-las-nuevas-caras-de-la-politica-en-mexico%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070125130657/http://www.monterrey.gob.mx/cabildo/">"Republicano Ayuntamiento"</a>. Municipio de Monterrey. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monterrey.gob.mx/cabildo/">the original</a> on January 25, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republicano+Ayuntamiento&rft.pub=Municipio+de+Monterrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monterrey.gob.mx%2Fcabildo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>América Economía</i> (Business Magazine), page 32, issue of May 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibbs2009" class="citation news cs1">Gibbs, Stephen (March 21, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7956782.stm">"Monterrey attack suspect arrested"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090324133710/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7956782.stm">Archived</a> from the original on March 24, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Monterrey+attack+suspect+arrested&rft.date=2009-03-21&rft.aulast=Gibbs&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F7956782.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327014722/http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/World/Story/STIStory_353190.html">"Drug cartel hitman arrested"</a>. <i>Straits Times</i>. Singapore. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/World/Story/STIStory_353190.html">the original</a> on March 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Drug+cartel+hitman+arrested&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2FBreaking%252BNews%2FWorld%2FStory%2FSTIStory_353190.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://community2.myfoxaustin.com/_UPDATE-18-Horrible-News-From-Monterrey-Mexico-and-Beyond-Marijuana-Legalization-Solution/BLOG/211413/82263.html">"UPDATE 18: Horrible News From Monterrey, Mexico and Beyond... Marijuana Legalization Solution? – Austin, TX, United States, myFOXaustin Blog post – myfoxaustin community blogs"</a>. community2.myfoxaustin.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UPDATE+18%3A+Horrible+News+From+Monterrey%2C+Mexico+and+Beyond...+Marijuana+Legalization+Solution%3F+%E2%80%93+Austin%2C+TX%2C+United+States%2C+myFOXaustin+Blog+post+%E2%80%93+myfoxaustin+community+blogs&rft.pub=community2.myfoxaustin.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcommunity2.myfoxaustin.com%2F_UPDATE-18-Horrible-News-From-Monterrey-Mexico-and-Beyond-Marijuana-Legalization-Solution%2FBLOG%2F211413%2F82263.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2011">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/mexican-cartel-poised-launch-offensive-control-monterrey">"Mexican Cartel Poised to Launch an Offensive for Control of Monterrey"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013729/https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/mexican-cartel-poised-launch-offensive-control-monterrey">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mexican+Cartel+Poised+to+Launch+an+Offensive+for+Control+of+Monterrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldview.stratfor.com%2Farticle%2Fmexican-cartel-poised-launch-offensive-control-monterrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061013122425/http://www.monterrey.gob.mx/secretarias/policia_regia/">"monterrey.gob.mx"</a>. <i>www.monterrey.gob.mx</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monterrey.gob.mx/secretarias/policia_regia/">the original</a> on October 13, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.monterrey.gob.mx&rft.atitle=monterrey.gob.mx&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monterrey.gob.mx%2Fsecretarias%2Fpolicia_regia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140401115539/http://nl.gob.mx/?P=sec_seg_publica">"Secretaría de Seguridad Pública"</a>. Nl.gob.mx. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=sec_seg_publica">the original</a> on April 1, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Secretar%C3%ADa+de+Seguridad+P%C3%BAblica&rft.pub=Nl.gob.mx&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nl.gob.mx%2F%3FP%3Dsec_seg_publica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEstrada2011" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Estrada, Javier (August 28, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110831085638/http://mexico.cnn.com/nacional/2011/08/28/1500-policias-federales-llegan-a-monterrey-para-reforzar-la-seguridad">"1,500 policías federales llegan a Monterrey para reforzar la seguridad"</a>. <i>CNNMéxico</i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mexico.cnn.com/nacional/2011/08/28/1500-policias-federales-llegan-a-monterrey-para-reforzar-la-seguridad">the original</a> on August 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNNM%C3%A9xico&rft.atitle=1%2C500+polic%C3%ADas+federales+llegan+a+Monterrey+para+reforzar+la+seguridad&rft.date=2011-08-28&rft.aulast=Estrada&rft.aufirst=Javier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmexico.cnn.com%2Fnacional%2F2011%2F08%2F28%2F1500-policias-federales-llegan-a-monterrey-para-reforzar-la-seguridad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_M%C3%A9xico_Monterrey-3081">"Monterrey Public Transportation Statistics"</a>. Global Public Transit Index by Moovit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170824174930/https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_M%C3%A9xico_Monterrey-3081">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey+Public+Transportation+Statistics&rft.pub=Global+Public+Transit+Index+by+Moovit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoovitapp.com%2Finsights%2Fen%2FMoovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_M%25C3%25A9xico_Monterrey-3081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_BY_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/50px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/75px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/100px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> Material was copied from this source, which is available under a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171016050101/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Archived</a> October 16, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Monterrey_Metro_1-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Monterrey_Metro_1_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051105044828/http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=t_tur_sertur_trans_metro">"Transporte colectivo metro - Metrorrey"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=t_tur_sertur_trans_metro">the original</a> on November 5, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transporte+colectivo+metro+-+Metrorrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nl.gob.mx%2F%3FP%3Dt_tur_sertur_trans_metro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Monterrey_Metro_2-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Monterrey_Metro_2_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090531033621/http://www.urbanrail.net/am/mony/monterrey.htm">"> Central America > Mexico > Monterrey Metro"</a>. UrbanRail.Net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.urbanrail.net/am/mony/monterrey.htm">the original</a> on May 31, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%3E+Central+America+%3E+Mexico+%3E+Monterrey+Metro&rft.pub=UrbanRail.Net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.urbanrail.net%2Fam%2Fmony%2Fmonterrey.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090810011620/http://www.oma.bz/EN/BoletinesDePrensa.asp?idAeropuerto=mty">"Boletines de Prensa"</a>. February 21, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oma.bz/EN/BoletinesDePrensa.asp">the original</a> on August 10, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boletines+de+Prensa&rft.date=2014-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oma.bz%2FEN%2FBoletinesDePrensa.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140304061717/http://www.nl.gob.mx/?Article=51786&ArtOrder=ReadArt&P=leerarticulo&Page=1">"Anuncian reactivación del vuelo Monterrey-Nueva York de Aeroméxico"</a>. Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León, México. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nl.gob.mx/?Article=51786&ArtOrder=ReadArt&P=leerarticulo&Page=1">the original</a> on March 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Cantú Valderrama añadió que con esto, fuera de la Ciudad de México y de los viajes charters a Cancún, Quintana Roo, Monterrey es el aeropuerto más importante en el interior de la República.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anuncian+reactivaci%C3%B3n+del+vuelo+Monterrey-Nueva+York+de+Aerom%C3%A9xico&rft.pub=Gobierno+del+Estado+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n%2C+M%C3%A9xico&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nl.gob.mx%2F%3FArticle%3D51786%26ArtOrder%3DReadArt%26P%3Dleerarticulo%26Page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ampl-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ampl_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nl.gob.mx/campanas/conoce-la-nueva-ruta-express-aeropuerto-y-griega">"Conoce la nueva Ruta Express "Aeropuerto - Y Griega" | Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León"</a>. <i>www.nl.gob.mx</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220928061032/https://www.nl.gob.mx/campanas/conoce-la-nueva-ruta-express-aeropuerto-y-griega">Archived</a> from the original on September 28, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nl.gob.mx&rft.atitle=Conoce+la+nueva+Ruta+Express+%22Aeropuerto+-+Y+Griega%22+%26%23124%3B+Gobierno+del+Estado+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nl.gob.mx%2Fcampanas%2Fconoce-la-nueva-ruta-express-aeropuerto-y-griega&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_Wellfield-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_Wellfield_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOesterreich2007" class="citation web cs1">Oesterreich, Dirk Masuch (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/17413175/Groundwater-Resources-Management-for-the-City-of-Monterrey-Mexico">"Groundwater Resources Management for the City of Monterrey, NE-Mexico: The Buenos Aires Wellfield in the Huasteca Canyon"</a>. Autonomous University of Nuevo León<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Groundwater+Resources+Management+for+the+City+of+Monterrey%2C+NE-Mexico%3A+The+Buenos+Aires+Wellfield+in+the+Huasteca+Canyon&rft.pub=Autonomous+University+of+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Oesterreich&rft.aufirst=Dirk+Masuch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F17413175%2FGroundwater-Resources-Management-for-the-City-of-Monterrey-Mexico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_C._Scott-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Urban_water_management_in_Monterrey,_Mexico_C._Scott_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScottFlores-LópezGastélum2007" class="citation journal cs1">Scott, Christopher A.; Flores-López, Francisco; Gastélum, Jesús R. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-007-0089-3">"Appropriation of Río San Juan water by Monterrey City, Mexico: implications for agriculture and basin water sharing"</a>. <i>Paddy and Water Environment</i>. <b>5</b> (4): 253–262. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007PWEnv...5..253S">2007PWEnv...5..253S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10333-007-0089-3">10.1007/s10333-007-0089-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1611-2504">1611-2504</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27997150">27997150</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Paddy+and+Water+Environment&rft.atitle=Appropriation+of+R%C3%ADo+San+Juan+water+by+Monterrey+City%2C+Mexico%3A+implications+for+agriculture+and+basin+water+sharing&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=253-262&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10333-007-0089-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A27997150%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1611-2504&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007PWEnv...5..253S&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Christopher+A.&rft.au=Flores-L%C3%B3pez%2C+Francisco&rft.au=Gast%C3%A9lum%2C+Jes%C3%BAs+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs10333-007-0089-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDay2000" class="citation web cs1">Day, Paul (July 1, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219050008/http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/travel/bzm/bzmmonterreyreport.html">"Monterrey: In Mexico, the North Star shines : Mexico Business"</a>. Mexconnect.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/travel/bzm/bzmmonterreyreport.html">the original</a> on February 19, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey%3A+In+Mexico%2C+the+North+Star+shines+%3A+Mexico+Business&rft.pub=Mexconnect.com&rft.date=2000-07-01&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mexconnect.com%2Fmex_%2Ftravel%2Fbzm%2Fbzmmonterreyreport.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5393/">"Fundidora Monterrey Blast Furnaces – UNESCO World Heritage Centre"</a>. whc.unesco.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131228111318/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5393/">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fundidora+Monterrey+Blast+Furnaces+%E2%80%93+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.pub=whc.unesco.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Ftentativelists%2F5393%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101121073800/http://cementamericas.com/mag/cement_rmc_takeover_transform/">"RMC takeover would transform Cemex into 20 million+ yd. U.S. ready mixed gigante"</a>. cementamericas.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cementamericas.com/mag/cement_rmc_takeover_transform/">the original</a> on November 21, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RMC+takeover+would+transform+Cemex+into+20+million%2B+yd.+U.S.+ready+mixed+gigante&rft.pub=cementamericas.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcementamericas.com%2Fmag%2Fcement_rmc_takeover_transform%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060506140926/http://www.weldmex.com/952978.html">"Monterrey, Mexico"</a>. May 6, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weldmex.com/952978.html">the original</a> on May 6, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey%2C+Mexico&rft.date=2006-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weldmex.com%2F952978.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-steel-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-steel_93-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-steel_93-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610100723/http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-8747.html">"Mexico - Industry"</a>. Country-data.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-8747.html">the original</a> on June 10, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mexico+-+Industry&rft.pub=Country-data.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.country-data.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr-8747.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070312023025/http://www.mercerhr.com.pr/pressrelease/details.jhtml/dynamic/idContent/1222465%3Bjsessionid%3DHBZKUMSRFA5FKCTGOUGCHPQKMZ0QUJLW">"Mercer Human Resource Consulting (2006)"</a>. Mercerhr.com.pr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mercerhr.com.pr/pressrelease/details.jhtml/dynamic/idContent/1222465;jsessionid=HBZKUMSRFA5FKCTGOUGCHPQKMZ0QUJLW">the original</a> on March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mercer+Human+Resource+Consulting+%282006%29&rft.pub=Mercerhr.com.pr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mercerhr.com.pr%2Fpressrelease%2Fdetails.jhtml%2Fdynamic%2FidContent%2F1222465%3Bjsessionid%3DHBZKUMSRFA5FKCTGOUGCHPQKMZ0QUJLW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bb20230307-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bb20230307_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2023-03-07/supply-chain-latest-new-tesla-gigafactory-is-key-success-for-mexico">"New Tesla Gigafactory Marks Mexico's Manufacturing Golden Moment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg</a></i>. March 7, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231016182454/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2023-03-07/supply-chain-latest-new-tesla-gigafactory-is-key-success-for-mexico">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=New+Tesla+Gigafactory+Marks+Mexico%27s+Manufacturing+Golden+Moment&rft.date=2023-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Fnewsletters%2F2023-03-07%2Fsupply-chain-latest-new-tesla-gigafactory-is-key-success-for-mexico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120312041125/http://www.monterreyforum2007.org/index.php">"Fórum Universal de las Culturas 2007"</a>. monterreyforum2007.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monterreyforum2007.org/index.php">the original</a> on March 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=F%C3%B3rum+Universal+de+las+Culturas+2007&rft.pub=monterreyforum2007.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monterreyforum2007.org%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson2005" class="citation book cs1">Nelson, Mexico Mike (July 19, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jZ4I92OHP90C&q=cabrito+al+pastor+Monterrey&pg=PT168"><i>Live Better South of the Border in ... – Google Books</i></a>. Fulcrum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55591-546-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55591-546-9"><bdi>978-1-55591-546-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231016182455/https://books.google.com/books?id=jZ4I92OHP90C&q=cabrito+al+pastor+Monterrey&pg=PT168#v=snippet&q=cabrito%20al%20pastor%20Monterrey&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Live+Better+South+of+the+Border+in+...+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.pub=Fulcrum&rft.date=2005-07-19&rft.isbn=978-1-55591-546-9&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Mexico+Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjZ4I92OHP90C%26q%3Dcabrito%2Bal%2Bpastor%2BMonterrey%26pg%3DPT168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFigueroa2020" class="citation journal cs1">Figueroa, Laureana Martínez (January 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/82844083">"Ángela Alessio Robles. La ingeniera que abrió brecha"</a>. <i>Ingenieros de profesión, arquitectos de vocación. 25 protagonistas de la arquitectura mexicana del siglo XX. Iván San Martín Córdova, coordinador</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240825084113/https://www.academia.edu/82844083">Archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ingenieros+de+profesi%C3%B3n%2C+arquitectos+de+vocaci%C3%B3n.+25+protagonistas+de+la+arquitectura+mexicana+del+siglo+XX.+Iv%C3%A1n+San+Mart%C3%ADn+C%C3%B3rdova%2C+coordinador.&rft.atitle=%C3%81ngela+Alessio+Robles.+La+ingeniera+que+abri%C3%B3+brecha&rft.date=2020-01-01&rft.aulast=Figueroa&rft.aufirst=Laureana+Mart%C3%ADnez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F82844083&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-La_Boca_Dam_1-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-La_Boca_Dam_1_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131208213522/http://tododemonterrey.com/excursiones.htm#Presa%20de%20La%20Boca">"Presa de La Boca"</a>. Tododemonterrey.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tododemonterrey.com/excursiones.htm#Presa%20de%20La%20Boca">the original</a> on December 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Presa+de+La+Boca&rft.pub=Tododemonterrey.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tododemonterrey.com%2Fexcursiones.htm%23Presa%2520de%2520La%2520Boca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-La_Boca_Dam_2-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-La_Boca_Dam_2_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081221143751/http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=45394">"Local | Proyectan Parque Acuático en Presa de La Boca"</a>. <i>El Porvenir</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=45394">the original</a> on December 21, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Porvenir&rft.atitle=Local+%26%23124%3B+Proyectan+Parque+Acu%C3%A1tico+en+Presa+de+La+Boca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elporvenir.com.mx%2Fnotas.asp%3Fnota_id%3D45394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150815024135/http://www.3museos.com/themes/3museos.html">"Museo de Historia Mexicana - Museo del Noreste - Museo del Palacio"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.3museos.com/themes/3museos.html">the original</a> on August 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museo+de+Historia+Mexicana+-+Museo+del+Noreste+-+Museo+del+Palacio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.3museos.com%2Fthemes%2F3museos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fifa-1986-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fifa-1986_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140403154022/http://www.planetworldcup.com/CUPS/1986/wc86index.html">"Planet World Cup – 1986 – Results"</a>. PlanetWorldCup.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planetworldcup.com/CUPS/1986/wc86index.html">the original</a> on April 3, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Planet+World+Cup+%E2%80%93+1986+%E2%80%93+Results&rft.pub=PlanetWorldCup.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.planetworldcup.com%2FCUPS%2F1986%2Fwc86index.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/fifa-to-announce-host-cities-for-fifa-world-cup-2026">"FIFA announces hosts cities for FIFA World Cup 2026™"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221228153555/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/fifa-to-announce-host-cities-for-fifa-world-cup-2026">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 28,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FIFA+announces+hosts+cities+for+FIFA+World+Cup+2026%E2%84%A2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fifa.com%2Ffifaplus%2Fen%2Farticles%2Ffifa-to-announce-host-cities-for-fifa-world-cup-2026&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uanl.mx">"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061023035958/http://www.uanl.mx/">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Universidad+Aut%C3%B3noma+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uanl.mx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212075501/http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/other_news/1150304681.html">"GamesBids.com – Monterrey Mexico Considers 2016 Summer Olympic Bid"</a>. gamesbids.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/other_news/1150304681.html">the original</a> on December 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GamesBids.com+%E2%80%93+Monterrey+Mexico+Considers+2016+Summer+Olympic+Bid&rft.pub=gamesbids.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamesbids.com%2Feng%2Fother_news%2F1150304681.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/index.php?news=1189691186">"GamesBids.com – Mexico's Olympic Committee Rejects Monterrey's 2016 Olympic Bid"</a>. gamesbids.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212083435/http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/index.php?news=1189691186">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GamesBids.com+%E2%80%93+Mexico%27s+Olympic+Committee+Rejects+Monterrey%27s+2016+Olympic+Bid&rft.pub=gamesbids.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamesbids.com%2Feng%2Findex.php%3Fnews%3D1189691186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100126083848/http://www.milenio.com/node/366309">"Guadalajara ya no será candidata | Milenio.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milenio.com/node/366309/">the original</a> on January 26, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guadalajara+ya+no+ser%C3%A1+candidata+%26%23124%3B+Milenio.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milenio.com%2Fnode%2F366309%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insidethegames.biz/olympics/youth-olympics/2018/12783-monterrey-steps-up-bid-for-2018-summer-youth-olympics">"Monterrey steps up bid for 2018 Summer Youth Olympics - insidethegames.biz - Olympic, Paralympic and Commonwealth Games News"</a>. insidethegames.biz. April 26, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224103409/http://www.insidethegames.biz/olympics/youth-olympics/2018/12783-monterrey-steps-up-bid-for-2018-summer-youth-olympics">Archived</a> from the original on December 24, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey+steps+up+bid+for+2018+Summer+Youth+Olympics+-+insidethegames.biz+-+Olympic%2C+Paralympic+and+Commonwealth+Games+News&rft.pub=insidethegames.biz&rft.date=2011-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insidethegames.biz%2Folympics%2Fyouth-olympics%2F2018%2F12783-monterrey-steps-up-bid-for-2018-summer-youth-olympics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140111191132/http://monterrey2014.blogspot.com/">"MONTERREY 2014 - Ciudad Aspirante a los Juegos Olímpicos de la Juventud"</a>. Monterrey2014.blogspot.com. February 28, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://monterrey2014.blogspot.com/">the original</a> on January 11, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MONTERREY+2014+-+Ciudad+Aspirante+a+los+Juegos+Ol%C3%ADmpicos+de+la+Juventud&rft.pub=Monterrey2014.blogspot.com&rft.date=2004-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmonterrey2014.blogspot.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131112085609/http://aroundtherings.com/articles/view.aspx?id=39241">"Guadalajara chosen over Monterrey for 2018 Youth Olympic Games"</a>. arountherings.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aroundtherings.com/articles/view.aspx?id=39241">the original</a> on November 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guadalajara+chosen+over+Monterrey+for+2018+Youth+Olympic+Games&rft.pub=arountherings.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faroundtherings.com%2Farticles%2Fview.aspx%3Fid%3D39241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fivb.org/viewPressRelease.asp?No=37505&Language=es">"IOC shortlists three Candidate Cities for 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games"</a>. fivb.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131112083944/http://www.fivb.org/viewPressRelease.asp?No=37505&Language=es">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IOC+shortlists+three+Candidate+Cities+for+2018+Summer+Youth+Olympic+Games&rft.pub=fivb.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fivb.org%2FviewPressRelease.asp%3FNo%3D37505%26Language%3Des&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130520224925/http://ciudadolimpica.org.mx/">"Fundación Monterrey Ciudad Olímpica AC"</a>. ciudadolimpica.org.mx. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ciudadolimpica.org.mx">the original</a> on May 20, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fundaci%C3%B3n+Monterrey+Ciudad+Ol%C3%ADmpica+AC&rft.pub=ciudadolimpica.org.mx&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciudadolimpica.org.mx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/Monterrey2023/">"Monterrey 2023 Summer Youth Olympic Games"</a>. ciudadolimpica.org.mx. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210310134002/https://www.facebook.com/Monterrey2023/">Archived</a> from the original on March 10, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monterrey+2023+Summer+Youth+Olympic+Games&rft.pub=ciudadolimpica.org.mx&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FMonterrey2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cemex-tig-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cemex-tig_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601079&sid=as7oVWUYzeHw">"Cemex Hard Times May Get Tougher If Soccer Team Falls to Minors"</a>. Bloomberg. May 8, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231016182534/https://www.bloomberg.com/politics?pid=20601079&sid=as7oVWUYzeHw">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cemex+Hard+Times+May+Get+Tougher+If+Soccer+Team+Falls+to+Minors&rft.date=2009-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D20601079%26sid%3Das7oVWUYzeHw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207165150/http://estadiointernacionalmonterrey.com/">"Official Site"</a>. Estadiointernacionalmonterrey.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.estadiointernacionalmonterrey.com">the original</a> on February 7, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Site&rft.pub=Estadiointernacionalmonterrey.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.estadiointernacionalmonterrey.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coordinacionpolitica.sre.gob.mx/index.php/entidades/159-nuevo-leon">"Acuerdos interinstitucionales registrados por dependencias y municipios de Nuevo León"</a>. <i>sre.gob.mx</i> (in Spanish). Secretaría de relaciones exteriores. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808081818/https://coordinacionpolitica.sre.gob.mx/index.php/entidades/159-nuevo-leon">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sre.gob.mx&rft.atitle=Acuerdos+interinstitucionales+registrados+por+dependencias+y+municipios+de+Nuevo+Le%C3%B3n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcoordinacionpolitica.sre.gob.mx%2Findex.php%2Fentidades%2F159-nuevo-leon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609205201/https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/relacionsinternacionalsicooperacio/ca/monterrey">"Monterrey"</a>. <i>ajuntament.barcelona.cat</i> (in Catalan). Barcelona. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/relacionsinternacionalsicooperacio/ca/monterrey">the original</a> on June 9, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ajuntament.barcelona.cat&rft.atitle=Monterrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fajuntament.barcelona.cat%2Frelacionsinternacionalsicooperacio%2Fca%2Fmonterrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191231124632/https://bilbaohiria.com/bilbao/las-9-ciudades-con-las-que-esta-hermanada-bilbao/">"Las nueve ciudades con las que está hermanada Bilbao"</a>. <i>bilbaohiria.com</i> (in Spanish). Bilbao Hiria. September 11, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bilbaohiria.com/bilbao/las-9-ciudades-con-las-que-esta-hermanada-bilbao/">the original</a> on December 31, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bilbaohiria.com&rft.atitle=Las+nueve+ciudades+con+las+que+est%C3%A1+hermanada+Bilbao&rft.date=2018-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbilbaohiria.com%2Fbilbao%2Flas-9-ciudades-con-las-que-esta-hermanada-bilbao%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rosario.gob.ar/web/gobierno/internacionales/relaciones-bilaterales">"Relaciones bilaterales"</a>. <i>rosario.gob.ar</i> (in Spanish). Rosario. April 26, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606144240/https://www.rosario.gob.ar/web/gobierno/internacionales/relaciones-bilaterales">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rosario.gob.ar&rft.atitle=Relaciones+bilaterales&rft.date=2019-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rosario.gob.ar%2Fweb%2Fgobierno%2Finternacionales%2Frelaciones-bilaterales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bethlehem-city.org/en/monterrey-2168">"Monterrey"</a>. <i>bethlehem-city.org</i>. Bethlehem. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606144156/http://www.bethlehem-city.org/en/monterrey-2168">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bethlehem-city.org&rft.atitle=Monterrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bethlehem-city.org%2Fen%2Fmonterrey-2168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanantonio.gov/IRO/Official-Global-Relationships/Sister-Cities">"Sister Cities"</a>. <i>sanantonio.gov</i>. City of San Antonio. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513023804/https://www.sanantonio.gov/IRO/Official-Global-Relationships/Sister-Cities">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sanantonio.gov&rft.atitle=Sister+Cities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanantonio.gov%2FIRO%2FOfficial-Global-Relationships%2FSister-Cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnodgrass2003" class="citation book cs1">Snodgrass, Michael (2003). <i>Deference and Defiance in Monterrey: Workers, Paternalism, and Revolution in Mexico, 1890-1950</i>. Cambridge Latin American studies. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-81189-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-81189-7"><bdi>978-0-521-81189-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deference+and+Defiance+in+Monterrey%3A+Workers%2C+Paternalism%2C+and+Revolution+in+Mexico%2C+1890-1950&rft.series=Cambridge+Latin+American+studies&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-521-81189-7&rft.aulast=Snodgrass&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonterrey" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Monterrey</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Monterrey">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="c:Monterrey">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Monterrey">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Monterrey">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Monterrey">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Monterrey">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Monterrey">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Monterrey" class="extiw" title="voy:Monterrey">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monterrey.gob.mx/">Government of the City of Monterrey</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Nuevo_León&#124;link=Nuevo_León_State_of_Nuevo_León" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Template:Nuevo León"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Template talk:Nuevo León"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nuevo León"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Nuevo_León&#124;link=Nuevo_León_State_of_Nuevo_León" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León"><img alt="Nuevo León" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nuevo_Leon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> State of <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monterrey</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n-related_topics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Nuevo León-related topics (page does not exist)">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Architecture_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Architecture of Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Nuevo León">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Nuevo León">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Culture of Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Nuevo León">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Nuevo León">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Governor of Nuevo León">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="History of Nuevo León">History</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Leonese_literature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Leonese literature (page does not exist)">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_and_government_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Politics and government of Nuevo León">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_in_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sports in Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_from_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of people from Nuevo León (page does not exist)">New Leonese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transportation_in_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transportation in Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tourist_Attractions_in_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tourist Attractions in Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Tourist Attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg/100px-Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg/150px-Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg/200px-Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="653" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Municipalities of Nuevo León">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abasolo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Abasolo, Nuevo León">Abasolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agualeguas" title="Agualeguas">Agualeguas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allende,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Allende, Nuevo León">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C3%A1huac_Municipality" title="Anáhuac Municipality">Anáhuac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apodaca" title="Apodaca">Apodaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramberri,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Aramberri, Nuevo León">Aramberri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustamante,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Bustamante, Nuevo León">Bustamante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadereyta_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Cadereyta Jiménez">Cadereyta Jiménez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Carmen,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="El Carmen, Nuevo León">El Carmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerralvo_Municipality" title="Cerralvo Municipality">Cerralvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="China, Nuevo León">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A9nega_de_Flores" title="Ciénega de Flores">Ciénega de Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Arroyo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Doctor Arroyo, Nuevo León">Doctor Arroyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Coss,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Doctor Coss, Nuevo León">Doctor Coss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Gonz%C3%A1lez,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Doctor González, Nuevo León">Doctor González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeana,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Galeana, Nuevo León">Galeana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="García, Nuevo León">García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Bravo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="General Bravo, Nuevo León">General Bravo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Escobedo" title="General Escobedo">General Escobedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Ter%C3%A1n,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="General Terán, Nuevo León">General Terán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Trevi%C3%B1o" title="General Treviño">General Treviño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Zaragoza,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="General Zaragoza, Nuevo León">General Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Zuazua" title="General Zuazua">General Zuazua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Guadalupe, Nuevo León">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidalgo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Hidalgo, Nuevo León">Hidalgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higueras,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Higueras, Nuevo León">Higueras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hualahuises" title="Hualahuises">Hualahuises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iturbide,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Iturbide, Nuevo León">Iturbide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ju%C3%A1rez,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juárez, Nuevo León">Juárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampazos" class="mw-redirect" title="Lampazos">Lampazos de Naranjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linares,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Linares, Nuevo León">Linares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Aldamas" title="Los Aldamas">Los Aldamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Herreras" title="Los Herreras">Los Herreras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Ramones" title="Los Ramones">Los Ramones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADn,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Marín, Nuevo León">Marín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchor_Ocampo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Melchor Ocampo, Nuevo León">Melchor Ocampo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mier_y_Noriega" title="Mier y Noriega">Mier y Noriega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Mina, Nuevo León">Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montemorelos" title="Montemorelos">Montemorelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Municipality" title="Monterrey Municipality">Monterrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1s,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Parás, Nuevo León">Parás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesquer%C3%ADa_(Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesquería (Nuevo León)">Pesquería</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayones" title="Rayones">Rayones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabinas_Hidalgo" title="Sabinas Hidalgo">Sabinas Hidalgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas_Victoria" title="Salinas Victoria">Salinas Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Garza" title="San Nicolás de los Garza">San Nicolás de los Garza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Catarina,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santa Catarina, Nuevo León">Santa Catarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santiago, Nuevo León">Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vallecillo,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vallecillo, Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Vallecillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villaldama,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Villaldama, Nuevo León">Villaldama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regions_of_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regions of Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Monterrey metropolitan area">Monterrey metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peripheral_Region,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peripheral Region, Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Peripheral Region</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Northern Nuevo León</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salinas_Valley,_Nuevo_L%C3%A9on&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salinas Valley, Nuevo Léon (page does not exist)">Salinas Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citr%C3%ADcola_region,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citrícola region, Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Citrícola Region</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pil%C3%B3n_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pilón Valley (page does not exist)">Pilón Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southern Nuevo León (page does not exist)">Southern Nuevo León</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%ADo_Blanco_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Río Blanco Valley (page does not exist)">Río Blanco Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monterrey_Metropolitan_Area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Template:Monterrey metropolitan area"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Template talk:Monterrey metropolitan area"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monterrey metropolitan area"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monterrey_Metropolitan_Area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monterrey</a> <a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Monterrey Metropolitan area">Metropolitan Area</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monterrey</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apodaca" title="Apodaca">Apodaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Escobedo" title="General Escobedo">Escobedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="García, Nuevo León">García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Guadalupe, Nuevo León">Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ju%C3%A1rez,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juárez, Nuevo León">Juárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas_Victoria" title="Salinas Victoria">Salinas Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicol%C3%A1s_de_los_Garza" title="San Nicolás de los Garza">San Nicolás de los Garza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Garza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="San Pedro Garza García">San Pedro Garza García</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Catarina,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santa Catarina, Nuevo León">Santa Catarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Santiago, Nuevo León">Santiago</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monterrey_metro_area.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Monterrey_metro_area.png/40px-Monterrey_metro_area.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Monterrey_metro_area.png/60px-Monterrey_metro_area.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Monterrey_metro_area.png/80px-Monterrey_metro_area.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Mexican_state_capitals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: ;#f0f0f0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MexicoStateCapitals" title="Template:MexicoStateCapitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MexicoStateCapitals" title="Template talk:MexicoStateCapitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MexicoStateCapitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MexicoStateCapitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Mexican_state_capitals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_of_Mexico" title="List of states of Mexico">Mexican state</a> capitals</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexicali" title="Mexicali">Mexicali</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Paz,_Baja_California_Sur" title="La Paz, Baja California Sur">La Paz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Sur" title="Baja California Sur">Baja California Sur</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campeche_(city)" title="Campeche (city)">Campeche</a> (<a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuxtla_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Tuxtla Gutiérrez">Tuxtla Gutiérrez</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_City" title="Chihuahua City">Chihuahua</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltillo" title="Saltillo">Saltillo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colima_(city)" title="Colima (city)">Colima</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colima" title="Colima">Colima</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango_(city)" title="Durango (city)">Durango</a> (<a href="/wiki/Durango" title="Durango">Durango</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanajuato_(city)" title="Guanajuato (city)">Guanajuato</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilpancingo" title="Chilpancingo">Chilpancingo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guerrero" title="Guerrero">Guerrero</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachuca" title="Pachuca">Pachuca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hidalgo_(state)" title="Hidalgo (state)">Hidalgo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluca" title="Toluca">Toluca</a> (<a href="/wiki/State_of_Mexico" title="State of Mexico">State of Mexico</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morelia" title="Morelia">Morelia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n" title="Michoacán">Michoacán</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuernavaca" title="Cuernavaca">Cuernavaca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Morelos" title="Morelos">Morelos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepic" title="Tepic">Tepic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nayarit" title="Nayarit">Nayarit</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monterrey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaxaca_City" title="Oaxaca City">Oaxaca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oaxaca" title="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla_(city)" title="Puebla (city)">Puebla</a> (<a href="/wiki/Puebla" title="Puebla">Puebla</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Querétaro City">Querétaro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro" title="Querétaro">Querétaro</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetumal" title="Chetumal">Chetumal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD_City" class="mw-redirect" title="San Luis Potosí City">San Luis Potosí</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" title="San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culiac%C3%A1n" title="Culiacán">Culiacán</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sinaloa" title="Sinaloa">Sinaloa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermosillo" title="Hermosillo">Hermosillo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villahermosa" title="Villahermosa">Villahermosa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tabasco" title="Tabasco">Tabasco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Victoria" title="Ciudad Victoria">Ciudad Victoria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tlaxcala_(city)" title="Tlaxcala (city)">Tlaxcala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tlaxcala" title="Tlaxcala">Tlaxcala</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xalapa" title="Xalapa">Xalapa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán">Yucatán</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacatecas_(city)" title="Zacatecas (city)">Zacatecas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81033#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81033#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81033#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133678180">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205569/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJfrQth8t4hQbwCxRYM3wC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4115212-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79067878">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121316066">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121316066">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Monterrey (Mexiko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0041013&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX453077">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564242405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/cfd1e529-4ca0-4377-bb35-c1762b653d50">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029762138">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045237">NARA</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10037346">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&oldid=1260089025">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&oldid=1260089025</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monterrey" title="Category:Monterrey">Monterrey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_Mexico" title="Category:Cities in Mexico">Cities in Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monterrey_metropolitan_area" title="Category:Monterrey metropolitan area">Monterrey metropolitan area</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Category:Populated places in Nuevo León">Populated places in Nuevo León</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Capitals_of_states_of_Mexico" title="Category:Capitals of states of Mexico">Capitals of states of Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_established_in_1596" title="Category:Populated places established in 1596">Populated places established in 1596</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1596_establishments_in_New_Spain" title="Category:1596 establishments in New Spain">1596 establishments in New Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1590s_establishments_in_Mexico" title="Category:1590s establishments in Mexico">1590s establishments in Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1596_in_New_Spain" title="Category:1596 in New Spain">1596 in New Spain</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">CS1 maint: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_April_2011" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from April 2011">Articles with dead external links from April 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Catalan-language_sources_(ca)" title="Category:CS1 Catalan-language sources (ca)">CS1 Catalan-language sources (ca)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2022">Use mdy dates from March 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Spanish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Spanish-language text">Articles containing Spanish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_settlement_with_possible_demonym_list" title="Category:Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list">Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:Articles with Spanish-language sources (es)">Articles with Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Spanish_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Spanish IPA">Pages with Spanish IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2011" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2011">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_excerpts" title="Category:Articles with excerpts">Articles with excerpts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_February_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from February 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_hidden_wikidata" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata">Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_Sister_project_links_with_default_search" title="Category:Pages using Sister project links with default search">Pages using Sister project links with default search</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 November 2024, at 19:42<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Monterrey&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-vth57","wgBackendResponseTime":193,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.888","walltime":"2.353","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17369,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":385978,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":30106,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":38,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":464436,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1996.282 1 -total"," 32.23% 643.342 1 Template:Reflist"," 25.81% 515.318 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 22.17% 442.615 1 Template:Infobox"," 22.03% 439.877 97 Template:Cite_web"," 6.08% 121.392 2 Template:Lang"," 5.05% 100.801 9 Template:Citation_needed"," 4.40% 87.880 3 Template:Navbox"," 4.27% 85.198 20 Template:Flagicon"," 4.20% 83.910 10 Template:Fix"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.095","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21731192,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["?","320","25.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","280","21.9"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","120","9.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","100","7.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","80","6.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","4.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","60","4.7"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","4.7"],["tostring","40","3.1"],["concat","20","1.6"],["[others]","140","10.9"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-kn6x8","timestamp":"20241130110013","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Monterrey","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monterrey","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q81033","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q81033","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-04-20T22:51:46Z","dateModified":"2024-11-28T19:42:47Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ac\/Puente_Atirantado.jpg","headline":"capital of the Mexican state of Nuevo Leon"}</script> </body> </html>