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id="toc-In_Greek_verse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Erasmonidean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erasmonidean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Erasmonidean</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erasmonidean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Another_definition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Another_definition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Another definition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Another_definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Latin_verse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Latin_verse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>In Latin verse</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_Latin_verse-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In Latin verse subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_Latin_verse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1st_archilochian_stanza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1st_archilochian_stanza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1st archilochian stanza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1st_archilochian_stanza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2nd_archilochian_stanza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2nd_archilochian_stanza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2nd archilochian stanza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2nd_archilochian_stanza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3rd_archilochian_stanza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3rd_archilochian_stanza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>3rd archilochian stanza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3rd_archilochian_stanza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-4th_archilochian_stanza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4th_archilochian_stanza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>4th archilochian stanza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4th_archilochian_stanza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1st_pythiambic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1st_pythiambic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1st pythiambic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1st_pythiambic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2nd_pythiambic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2nd_pythiambic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>2nd pythiambic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2nd_pythiambic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Greek_and_Latin_metre" title="Greek and Latin metre">Greek and Latin metre</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_prosody" title="Greek prosody">Greek prosody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_prosody" title="Latin prosody">Latin prosody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dactylic_hexameter" title="Dactylic hexameter">Dactylic hexameter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegiac_couplet" title="Elegiac couplet">Elegiac couplet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcmanian_verse" title="Alcmanian verse">Alcmanian verse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Archilochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_rhythmic_hexameter" title="Latin rhythmic hexameter">Latin rhythmic hexameter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iambic_trimeter" title="Iambic trimeter">Iambic trimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturnian_(poetry)" title="Saturnian (poetry)">Saturnian (poetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metres_of_Roman_comedy" title="Metres of Roman comedy">Metres of Roman comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trochaic_septenarius" title="Trochaic septenarius">Trochaic septenarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendecasyllable" title="Hendecasyllable">Hendecasyllable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choliamb" title="Choliamb">Choliamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolic_verse" title="Aeolic verse">Aeolic verse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choriamb" title="Choriamb">Choriamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glyconic" title="Glyconic">Glyconic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepiad_(poetry)" title="Asclepiad (poetry)">Asclepiad (poetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapphic_stanza" title="Sapphic stanza">Sapphic stanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcaic_stanza" title="Alcaic stanza">Alcaic stanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionic_metre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionic metre">Ionic metre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anacreontics" title="Anacreontics">Anacreontics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galliambic_verse" title="Galliambic verse">Galliambic verse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotadean_metre" title="Sotadean metre">Sotadean metre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dochmiac" title="Dochmiac">Dochmiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lekythion" title="Lekythion">Lekythion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaclasis_(poetry)" title="Anaclasis (poetry)">Anaclasis (poetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrical_foot" title="Metrical foot">Metrical foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metron_(poetry)" title="Metron (poetry)">Metron (poetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brevis_in_longo" title="Brevis in longo">Brevis in longo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anceps" title="Anceps">Anceps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biceps_(prosody)" title="Biceps (prosody)">Biceps (prosody)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resolution_(meter)" title="Resolution (meter)">Resolution (meter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brevis_brevians" title="Brevis brevians">Brevis brevians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porson%27s_Law" title="Porson's Law">Porson's Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsis_and_thesis" title="Arsis and thesis">Arsis and thesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalexis" title="Catalexis">Catalexis</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_and_Latin_metre" title="Template:Greek and Latin metre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_and_Latin_metre" title="Template talk:Greek and Latin metre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_and_Latin_metre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek and Latin metre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Archilochian</b> or <b>archilochean</b> is a term used to describe several <a href="/wiki/Meter_(poetry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Meter (poetry)">metres</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latin_poetry" title="Latin poetry">Latin poetry</a>. The name is derived from <a href="/wiki/Archilochus" title="Archilochus">Archilochus</a>, whose poetry first uses the rhythms. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Greek_verse">In Greek verse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In Greek verse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Erasmonidean">Erasmonidean</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Erasmonidean"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the analysis of <a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greece" title="Archaic Greece">Archaic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Classical_Greece" title="Classical Greece">Classical Greek</a> poetry, <b>archilochian</b> or <b>archllochean</b> usually describes the following length: </p> <dl><dd>x – u u – u u – x | – u – u – x<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>(where "–" indicates a <a href="/wiki/Syllable_weight" title="Syllable weight">longum</a>, "u" a <a href="/wiki/Syllable_weight" title="Syllable weight">breve</a>, and "x" an <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anceps" title="Anceps">anceps</a></i></span> syllable). The alternative name <b>erasmonideus</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>erasmonidean</b> comes from Archilochus' fr. 168 (<a href="/wiki/M._L._West" class="mw-redirect" title="M. L. West">West</a>): </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἐρασμονίδη Χαρίλαε,</span></span> | <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χρῆμά τοι γελοῖον</span></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐρ<a href="/wiki/Synizesis" title="Synizesis">έω</a>, πολὺ φίλταθ᾽ ἑταίρων,</span></span> | <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τέρψεαι δ᾽ ἀκούων.</span></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>Erasmonídē Kharílae,</i></span> | <span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>khrêmá toi geloîon</i></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>er<a href="/wiki/Synizesis" title="Synizesis">éō</a>, polù phíltath᾽ hetaírōn,</i></span> | <span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>térpseai d᾽ akoúōn.</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'Erasmonides Charilaos, I'm going to tell you an amusing thing,</dd> <dd>most dearest of friends, and you will enjoy hearing it.'</dd></dl> <p>As indicated, a <a href="/wiki/Caesura" title="Caesura">caesura</a> is observed before the ithyphallic (– u – u – –) ending of the verse. (Because of this, the name <i>erasmonideus</i> has sometimes been used to refer only to the colon x – u u – u u – x preceding the ithyphallic.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p><p>The verse is also used <a href="/wiki/Stichic" title="Stichic">stichically</a> in <a href="/wiki/Old_Comedy" title="Old Comedy">Old Comedy</a>, for example in <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wasps" title="The Wasps">Wasps</a></i> 1518-1537 (with irregular responsion<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and in <a href="/wiki/Cratinus" title="Cratinus">Cratinus</a> fr. 360 (Kassel-Austin), where, as <a href="/wiki/Hephaestion_(grammarian)" title="Hephaestion (grammarian)">Hephaestion</a> notes,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> no caesura is observed before the ithyphallic ending: </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Χαῖρ᾽, ὦ μέγ᾽ ἀχρειόγελως ὅμιλε, ταῖς ἐπίβδαις,</span></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τῆς ἡμετέρας σοφίας κριτὴς ἄριστε πάντων,</span></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">εὐδαίμον᾽ ἔτικτέ σε μήτηρ ἰκρίων ψόφησις.</span></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>Khaîr᾽, ô még᾽ akhreiógelōs hómile, taîs epíbdais,</i></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>tês hēmetéras sophías kritḕs áriste pántōn,</i></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek transliteration" lang="grc-Latn"><i>eudaímon᾽ étikté se mḗtēr ikríōn psóphēsis.</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'Welcome, o foolishly-laughing crowd, to the post-festival days,</dd> <dd>best of all critics of our wisdom,</dd> <dd>your mother, the applause of the theatre-seats, bore you happy.'</dd></dl> <p>The verse also occurs in the <a href="/wiki/Choral_poetry" title="Choral poetry">choral lyric</a> of tragedy and comedy, with the same caesura as in the example from Archilochus, as a rule, for example in <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Seven_Against_Thebes" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Against Thebes">Seven Against Thebes</a></i> 756-7 ~ 764-5, <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus Rex</a></i> 196-7 ~ 209-10, <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a></i> 989-90 ~ 996-7, <i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris" title="Iphigenia in Tauris">Iphigenia in Tauris</a></i> 403 ~ 417, and Aristophanes, <i><a href="/wiki/Assemblywomen" title="Assemblywomen">Assemblywomen</a></i> 580-1.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Another_definition">Another definition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Another definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> metrician <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trichas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trichas (page does not exist)">Trichas</a> used the name <b>archilocheion</b> for the trochaic trimeter catalectic: </p> <dl><dd>– u – x  – u – x  – u –,</dd></dl> <p>This is seen in Archilochus, fr. 197 (West), and is used stichically by <a href="/wiki/Callimachus" title="Callimachus">Callimachus</a>, fr. 202 (Pfeiffer).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Latin_verse">In Latin verse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In Latin verse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Latin poetry, the term "archilochian"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "archilochean"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is used to refer to a number of different metres, called the "1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th archilochian". However, different authors disagree on the numbering. The description below follows Rudd (2004) and Raven (1965). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1st_archilochian_stanza">1st archilochian stanza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1st archilochian stanza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(= Nisbet & Hubbard's 2nd archilochian) </p><p>The first archilochian stanza consists of a dactylic hexameter followed by a dactylic hemiepes: </p> <dl><dd>– <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – x</dd> <dd>    – u u – u u x</dd></dl> <p>An example is Horace, <i>Odes</i> 4.7, praised by A. E. Housman in a lecture in 1914 as "the most beautiful poem in Latin literature":<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">diffūgēre nivēs, redeunt iam grāmina campīs</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">arboribusque comae</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'The snows have fled away, and grass is now returning to the plains</dd> <dd>    and leaves to the trees'</dd></dl> <p>The above metre is called the "2nd Archilochian" by Nisbet & Hubbard (1970), who use "1st Archilochian" as another name for the <a href="/wiki/Alcmanian_verse" title="Alcmanian verse">Alcmanian</a> (or Alcmanic) strophe, which consists of a dactylic hexameter followed by a dactylic tetrameter.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2nd_archilochian_stanza">2nd archilochian stanza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2nd archilochian stanza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A dactylic hexameter, followed by an iambic dimeter + dactylic hemiepes: </p> <dl><dd>– <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – u u – x</dd> <dd>    x – u – x – u x | – u u – u u x</dd></dl> <p>An example is Horace, <i>Epodes</i> 13: </p> <dl><dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">horrida tempestās caelum contraxit et imbrēs</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">nivēsque dēdūcunt Iovem; nunc mare nunc siluae</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'A dreadful storm has contracted the sky, and rain showers</dd> <dd>    and snows are drawing down Jupiter; now the sea, now the forests...'</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="3rd_archilochian_stanza">3rd archilochian stanza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 3rd archilochian stanza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An iambic trimeter, followed by a dactylic hemiepes + an iambic dimeter (the second line is known as an 'elegiambus'): </p> <dl><dd>x – u – x – u – x – u x</dd> <dd>    – u u – u u x | x – u – x – u x</dd></dl> <p>This is found in Horace, <i>Epodes</i> 11: </p> <dl><dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Pettī, nihil mē sīcut anteā iuvat</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">scrībere versiculōs amōre percussum gravī</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'Pettius, it does not please me at all as in the past</dd> <dd>    to write little verses smitten by a serious love'</dd></dl> <p>cf. Archilochus fr. 196 (West) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="4th_archilochian_stanza">4th archilochian stanza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 4th archilochian stanza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>(= Nisbet & Hubbard's 3rd archilochian) </p><p>A dactylic tetrameter + ithyphallic (3 trochees), followed by an iambic trimeter catalectic: </p> <dl><dd>– <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – u u | – u – u – x</dd> <dd>    x – u – x | – u – u – x</dd></dl> <p>(The first of these lines is known as the "greater archilochian".) </p><p>An example is Horace, <i>Odes</i> 1.4: </p> <dl><dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Solvitur ācris hiēms grātā vice</i></span> | <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">vēris et Favōnī</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">trahuntque siccās</i></span> | <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">māchinae carīnās,</i></span></dd> <dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">ac neque iam stabulīs gaudet pecus</i></span> | <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">aut arātor ignī</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">nec prāta cānīs</i></span> | <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">albicant pruīnīs.</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'Harsh winter is being loosened with a welcome change of spring and the West Wind;</dd> <dd>    and machines are dragging the dry keels (to the shore);</dd> <dd>the cattle no longer rejoice in their stable or the ploughman in his fire;</dd> <dd>    nor are the meadows white with hoar frost.'</dd></dl> <p>The metre's name reflects the precedent in Archilochus, for example, fr. 188 (West). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1st_pythiambic">1st pythiambic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1st pythiambic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two other similar metrical couplets imitated from Archilochus combining dactylic and iambic metra are known as the 1st and 2nd pythiambic.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1st pythiambic cpmbines a dactylic hexameter with an iambic dimeter: </p> <dl><dd>– <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – u u – x</dd> <dd>    x – u – x – u x</dd></dl> <p>This is found in Horace, <i>Epodes</i> 15 and 16. The following is the opening of Epode 15: </p> <dl><dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">nox erat et caelō fulgēbat lūna serēnō</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">inter minōra sīdera</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'It was night and the moon was shining in a clear sky</dd> <dd>    amidst the lesser stars'</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2nd_pythiambic">2nd pythiambic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2nd pythiambic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2nd pythiambic combines a dactylic hexameter with an ionic trimeter. In Horace's Epode 16 the trimeter is "pure", that is, every <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anceps" title="Anceps">anceps</a></i></span> position is a short syllable: </p> <dl><dd>– <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – <u>u u</u> – u u – x</dd> <dd>    u – u – u – u – u – u x</dd></dl> <dl><dd><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">altera iam teritur bellīs cīvīlibus aetās</i></span></dd> <dd>    <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">suīs et ipsa Rōma vīribus ruit</i></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>'Another generation is now being worn away by civil wars,</dd> <dd>    and Rome is being ruined by its own strength'</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nisbet, R. G. M.; Hubbard, M. (1970). <i>A Commentary on Horace Odes Book 1</i>. Oxford.</li> <li>Raven, D. S. (1962), <i>Greek Metre</i>. Faber & Faber.</li> <li>Raven, D. S. (1965). <i>Latin Metre</i>. Faber & Faber.</li> <li>Rudd, N. (2004). <i>Horace Odes and Epodes</i>. Loeb Classical Library 33, pp. 14–15.</li> <li>West, M. L. (1982). <i>Greek Metre</i>. Oxford.</li> <li>West, M. L. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/west-1987-introduction-to-greek-metre/mode/2up?view=theater"><i>An Introduction to Greek Metre</i></a>. Oxford.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L.P.E. Parker, <i>The Songs of Aristophanes</i>, Oxford, 1997, p. xvii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruno Snell, <i>Griechische Metrik</i>, 4th ed., Göttingen, 1982, pp. 41f. n. 11; C.M.J. Sicking, <i>Griechische Verslehre</i>, Munich, 1993, p. 128 (here and in the index ×× is misprinted for × at the beginning of the verse)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Kruschwitz, " Die antiken Quellen zum Saturnischen Vers," <i>Mnemosyne</i> 55 (2002), p. 478</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sicking, <i>Griechische Verslehre</i>, p. 185; Parker, <i>The Songs of Aristophanes</i>, pp. 258-261</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. M. van Ophuijsen, <i>Hephaestion on Metre</i>, Leiden, 1987, pp. 139f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sicking, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Griechische Verslehre</i></span>, p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sicking, <i>Griechische Verslehre</i>, p. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisbet & Hubbard (1970), p. xiv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raven (1965), p. 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morgan, Llewllyn (2010). <i>Musa Pedestris: Metre and Meaning in Roman Verse</i>, Oxford; introduction.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisbet, R. G. M. & Hubbard, M (1970). <i>A Commentary on Horace Odes Book 1</i> (Oxford), p. xiv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allen and Greenough, <i>New Latin Grammar</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CBsXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA423">section 626.11</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D.S. Raven, <i>Greek Metre: An Introduction</i>, London, 1962, pp. 48-50.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&oldid=1200546046">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archilochian&oldid=1200546046</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_verses" title="Category:Types of verses">Types of verses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_poetry" title="Category:Ancient Greek poetry">Ancient Greek poetry</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 January 2024, at 19:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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