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Rocket (weapon) - Wikipedia

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class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AE_(%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD)" title="صاروخ (سلاح) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صاروخ (سلاح)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketa_(oru%C5%BEje)" title="Raketa (oružje) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Raketa (oružje)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coet_(arma)" title="Coet (arma) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coet (arma)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketa_(zbra%C5%88)" title="Raketa (zbraň) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Raketa (zbraň)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketenwaffe" title="Raketenwaffe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Raketenwaffe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohete_(arma)" title="Cohete (arma) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cohete (arma)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA_(%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1)" title="راکت (جنگ‌افزار) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راکت (جنگ‌افزار)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roquette_(arme)" title="Roquette (arme) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roquette (arme)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%BC%93%ED%83%84" title="로켓탄 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로켓탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armo-fuzeo" title="Armo-fuzeo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Armo-fuzeo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roket_(senjata)" title="Roket (senjata) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Roket (senjata)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Реактивтік снаряд – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Реактивтік снаряд" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E5%BC%BE" title="ロケット弾 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロケット弾" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roqueta_(arma)" title="Roqueta (arma) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Roqueta (arma)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bro%C5%84_rakietowa" title="Broń rakietowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Broń rakietowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foguete_(arma)" title="Foguete (arma) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Foguete (arma)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Реактивный снаряд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реактивный снаряд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketa_(zbra%C5%88)" title="Raketa (zbraň) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Raketa (zbraň)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketno_oro%C5%BEje" title="Raketno orožje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Raketno orožje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakettiase" title="Rakettiase – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rakettiase" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketvapen" title="Raketvapen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Raketvapen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88" title="உந்துகணை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உந்துகணை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roket_(silah)" title="Roket (silah) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roket (silah)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Ракети бойові – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ракети бойові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_(v%C5%A9_kh%C3%AD)" title="Rocket (vũ khí) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rocket (vũ khí)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%BD%88" title="火箭彈 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="火箭彈" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%BC%B9" title="火箭弹 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="火箭弹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unguided_rocket&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Unguided rocket">Unguided rocket</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Weapon utilizing a self-contained rocket engine to propel itself to its target</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output 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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rocket_(weapon)" title="Special:EditPage/Rocket (weapon)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Rocket%22+weapon">"Rocket"&#160;weapon</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Rocket%22+weapon+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Rocket%22+weapon&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Rocket%22+weapon+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Rocket%22+weapon">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Rocket%22+weapon&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg/220px-Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg/330px-Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg/440px-Katyusha_Rocket_Launcher_-_Artillery_Museum_-_St._Petersburg_-_Russia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Katyusha_rocket_launcher" title="Katyusha rocket launcher">Katyusha rocket launcher</a>, one of the earliest modern rocket-artillery weapons</figcaption></figure> <p>In military terminology, a <b>rocket</b> is a self-propelled, unguided or guided, <a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">weapon</a>-system powered by a <a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">rocket engine</a>. Though used primarily as medium- and long-range <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> systems, historically rockets have also seen considerable use as air-to-surface weapons, some use as air-to-air weapons, and even (in a few cases) as surface-to-air devices. Examples of modern surface-to-surface rocket systems include the Soviet <a href="/wiki/BM-27_Uragan" title="BM-27 Uragan">BM-27 Uragan</a> and the American M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System. </p><p>In military parlance, a rocket differs from a <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missile</a> primarily by lacking an active guidance system; early missiles became known as "guided rockets" or "guided missiles". Some rockets were developed as unguided systems and later upgraded to guided versions, like the <a href="/wiki/GMLRS" class="mw-redirect" title="GMLRS">GMLRS</a>, and these generally retain the term "rocket" instead of becoming "missiles".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Rockets or missiles that travel underwater, like the <a href="/wiki/VA-111_Shkval" title="VA-111 Shkval">VA-111 Shkval</a>, are known as "<a href="/wiki/Torpedoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Torpedoes">torpedoes</a>", whatever their propulsion system. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_development">Early development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Early development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_rockets" title="History of rockets">History of rockets</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg/300px-Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg/450px-Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg/600px-Hiya-zutsu_and_bo-hiya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="997" data-file-height="687" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a> wood block print showing samurai gunners firing <i><a href="/wiki/Bo-hiya" title="Bo-hiya">bo-hiya</a></i> with <i>hiya-zutsu</i> (fire arrow guns).</figcaption></figure> <p>The use of rockets as some form of <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> dates back to <a href="/wiki/Medieval_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval China">medieval China</a> where devices such as fire arrows were used (albeit mostly as a psychological weapon), and gradually spread to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. Rockets became a significant weapon during the 20th century when precise manufacturing processes made relatively accurate rockets possible. </p><p>In the late 18th century, iron-cased rockets were used by Kingdom of Mysore <a href="/wiki/Mysorean_rockets" title="Mysorean rockets">Mysorean rockets</a> and by Marathas during the mid 18th century, and were later modified and used by the British. The later models and improvements were known as the <a href="/wiki/Congreve_rocket" title="Congreve rocket">Congreve rocket</a> and used in the Napoleonic Wars. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basic_roles">Basic roles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Basic roles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artillery">Artillery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Artillery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rocket_artillery" title="Rocket artillery">Rocket artillery</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1st_Battalion,_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1st_Battalion%2C_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg/220px-1st_Battalion%2C_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1st_Battalion%2C_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg/330px-1st_Battalion%2C_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1st_Battalion%2C_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg/440px-1st_Battalion%2C_6th_Field_Artillery_Regiment_-_191106-A-BS310-0214.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5333" data-file-height="3560" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M270_MLRS" class="mw-redirect" title="M270 MLRS">M270 MLRS</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Rockets have been used as an artillery weapon for centuries, and continue to be used in the modern age after being extensively modernized in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Rockets in the artillery role complement traditional <a href="/wiki/Field_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Field guns">field guns</a>, being superior in some ways and inferior in others. Rocket artillery tends to be simpler, lighter and more mobile than guns or howitzers, most of which must be <a href="/wiki/Fortification" title="Fortification">emplaced</a>. Guns tend to have better accuracy, consistency, and range, while rocket artillery is light enough to be employed closer to the front lines and excels at saturation fire, expending its entire ammunition load in a single <a href="/wiki/Barrage_(artillery)" title="Barrage (artillery)">barrage</a> on a target. The <a href="/wiki/Saturation_fire" title="Saturation fire">saturation fire</a> produced by rocket artillery is only somewhat approximated in effectiveness with gun artillery via the <a href="/wiki/Time_on_target" title="Time on target">time on target</a> barrage method. </p><p>Time-sensitive <a href="/wiki/Soft_target" title="Soft target">soft target</a> interdiction (such as personnel or unarmored vehicles moving in large groups) is where rocket artillery is particularly useful. This allows for the <a href="/wiki/Shoot-and-scoot" title="Shoot-and-scoot">shoot-and-scoot</a> method, avoiding the enemy <a href="/wiki/Counter-battery_fire" title="Counter-battery fire">counter-battery fire</a> that is the greatest risk to emplaced artillery pieces, while maximizing damage to the target before it can find better cover. (see <a href="/wiki/Rocket_artillery#Rocket_artillery_vs_gun_artillery" title="Rocket artillery">Rocket artillery vs gun artillery</a>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portable_anti-tank">Portable anti-tank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Portable anti-tank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Shoulder-launched_missile_weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoulder-launched missile weapon">Shoulder-launched missile weapon</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panzerfaust3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Panzerfaust3.jpg/220px-Panzerfaust3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Panzerfaust3.jpg/330px-Panzerfaust3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Panzerfaust3.jpg/440px-Panzerfaust3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1279" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/German_Army" title="German Army">German Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Panzerfaust_3" title="Panzerfaust 3">Panzerfaust 3</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>With the invention of the <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tank</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> required a weapon to counter the threat. Tank <a href="/wiki/Armour" title="Armour">armour</a> soon developed beyond the point at which an <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_rifle" title="Anti-tank rifle">anti-tank rifle</a> could practically be carried by an infantryman, and by the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> rocket weapons such as the <a href="/wiki/US" class="mw-redirect" title="US">US</a> <a href="/wiki/Bazooka" title="Bazooka">bazooka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> <a href="/wiki/Panzerschreck" title="Panzerschreck">Panzerschreck</a> were in service. Development continued after the war, with weapons such as the <a href="/wiki/RPG-7" title="RPG-7">RPG-7</a>, although a need to increase range led to the development of <a href="/wiki/ATGM" class="mw-redirect" title="ATGM">guided weapons</a> to fulfill the anti-tank role. Most modern armies now use guided missiles for long-range engagements and rockets for close-range or emergency use; disposable weapons such as the <a href="/wiki/RPG-26" title="RPG-26">RPG-26</a> are popular for this. </p><p>The use of anti-tank weapons to attack buildings and other targets has led to the development of weapons and <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a> designed specifically to attack non-tank targets, such as the one-shot <a href="/wiki/M72_LAW" title="M72 LAW">LASM</a> and the larger <a href="/wiki/Shoulder-launched_Multipurpose_Assault_Weapon" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoulder-launched Multipurpose Assault Weapon">SMAW</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air-launched">Air-launched</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Air-launched"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg/220px-Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg/330px-Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg/440px-Apache_Helicopter_Firing_Rockets_MOD_45154922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1119" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/AH-64" class="mw-redirect" title="AH-64">AH-64</a> firing rocket pods</figcaption></figure> <p>Unguided rockets are a widely used weapon-system and have been launched from <a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">military aircraft</a> to attack land, sea and air targets since 1916. French and British pilots used <a href="/wiki/Le_Prieur_rocket" title="Le Prieur rocket">Le Prieur rockets</a> to attack German <a href="/wiki/Observation_balloon" title="Observation balloon">observation balloons</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even after the development of guided missiles, rockets remain useful for short-range attacks – typically for <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> missions. </p><p>The standard NATO calibre is 70&#160;mm and is considered<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> the international calibre. The rockets can be fired from a variety of rotary and fixed-wing platforms and from combat aircraft of many nations worldwide by means of a rocket launcher. The 70&#160;mm rocket system offers several warhead configurations that fulfill a wide range of special mission-requirements to defeat soft- to lightly-armored targets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_70" title="Hydra 70">Hydra 70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRV-7" class="mw-redirect" title="CRV-7">CRV-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-5_rocket" title="S-5 rocket">S-5 rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-8_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="S-8 rocket">S-8 rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-13_rocket" title="S-13 rocket">S-13 rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugroza" title="Ugroza">Ugroza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Precision_Kill_Weapon_System" title="Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System">Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System</a> (APKWS)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocket_(weapon)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20121018120703/http://www.army.mod.uk/equipment/artillery-air-defence/1512.aspx">"GMLRS"</a>. British Army. 18 October 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mod.uk/equipment/artillery-air-defence/1512.aspx">the original</a> on 18 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=GMLRS&amp;rft.date=2012-10-18&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mod.uk%2Fequipment%2Fartillery-air-defence%2F1512.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARocket+%28weapon%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuttman2013" class="citation book cs1">Guttman, Jon (20 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pi8VDAAAQBAJ"><i>Balloon-Busting Aces of World War 1</i></a>. Aircraft of the Aces, volume 66. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp.&#160;9–12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781472803696" title="Special:BookSources/9781472803696"><bdi>9781472803696</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2023</span>. <q>In mid-1916, French fighters were also equipped with a set of air-to-air rockets, also called rocket torpedoes, developed by naval Capitaine Yves Le Prieur. [...] The first operational use of Le Prieur anti-balloon rockets was a wholesale affair. In the spring of 1916, the command of the French IIe Armée in the Verdun sector , under Général Robert Nivelle, laid plans for a counterattack that would retake Fort Donaumont from the Germans. The assault was scheduled for 22 May [...].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Balloon-Busting+Aces+of+World+War+1&amp;rft.series=Aircraft+of+the+Aces%2C+volume+66&amp;rft.pages=9-12&amp;rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2013-05-20&amp;rft.isbn=9781472803696&amp;rft.aulast=Guttman&amp;rft.aufirst=Jon&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpi8VDAAAQBAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARocket+%28weapon%29" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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