CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '919b1008cfd08339',cH: 'N_LE0qgwvaNZvJJyaD5oMPpclPJP65s3MEkelBZprmE-1740857360-1.2.1.1-OOoR1TvICk4923HQQ1OVAKYEiiNJuE5CC.Z5YA5VilOE49xlLxnN41sk34Hcyado',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=industry%20expertise&__cf_chl_tk=MmTn8FZhLHPXPGgC2x.wClHEVNZNiz3V.xzfqz.ion4-1740857360-1.0.1.1-LPkefsPoY1PNsqO2lS4CQ_pln0wRfiAjTCq1Ack9MK8",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740857360',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=industry%20expertise&__cf_chl_f_tk=MmTn8FZhLHPXPGgC2x.wClHEVNZNiz3V.xzfqz.ion4-1740857360-1.0.1.1-LPkefsPoY1PNsqO2lS4CQ_pln0wRfiAjTCq1Ack9MK8",md: "KLINtJhK1Lou1hq_YUyIjKkzCh4NX8RYbcqV9o.2iNc-1740857360-1.2.1.1-5SwVC_J92bTOVsy_8cvQFfk05DmPCkhs19uJHhj2_cnTvLHkgnnHzw31ge43N.9WKmjjsp8w1HyQFe3vepuDc197fkVhW4SOWDZ9N0Mn85yhS_S8ob1D97APivuyZJ0z6Mx5Z38nffmGu0HOcETOHyfrTATpTRmHJhoMcU9x.PzLMzeuVKZtj_lSzdrBJ3zWmsFvhV8aeYEhdpkjc3TeA2woKoGI8SaQT4MF0M5SCPxrMZt_VMUQ9c3F.ol_Cc7gpoLZox92lIGwS.WAxhfWtbmlXeWPgFOBeT_XhY6bDPqSsSmVwFA3fH4.4X93WYW1.hboT26.YAyv__KEOaFj1wyKDnIKHOmiswGtC5zsIxEGai_IttzNhqIO9X6pmoUxlqAWo4.sxt7C14gMqO7bwfdy7mk2dgsX_qZzmKMvp3tjRxtZOzDnW88aKEPtJGwxOZrjcQH0ttvZJRBHlcHZalIPmd8tw4sFbWdxOgR3.MKUWs_R0AX4iy7AOgZs_MvqzwoIxjrpl.WK.JlXmPYx4tAH75oDrpdhoIXOSMuE1H6FBRqL.pzuL_mxWwGzuyvZ5dVq5Pz970NKtS0KxaWO83D8C46oxEOinofDD8M5l7AdxiUvTbXhh9O9X_nr3bLL6jUbsVAmwLrS7NVvrFcyRxUUI0XhBguRT8ewDzlNgCSo4YAmlP0gk58nIjzbz6HVrqltIFNp_HivONlXWgJuL7Ah_AMt84txKlHM_WE3ha6uhy.v_tugkawWJRttlfdSXDa24B3Kp2Lz.JhgF7H8zMhPJb8JCPKwj4v1REvXvuVxbbGWz_HImM_diUWhlchS2M090nq4kcE9_H7wKEK2tGNbJ2QGOG3ylFZwSxvbMy2W8GMozcfwvI91zhfau2vnVJwzrKaGjGBBxwDCNUetM9lKTW0jEpOlGgt36.iBPUSAt9vxSpTIHM0Lyr2xoUK7iAz3wR2_SRLIrlraiPrdRVxaF9.apn3TiNTvbdmx2jKIjgopKRuqWXnfawE6ms2PnHNAEcd4qn4K4T9T8xZXrja3QJIYqGxQHcPzEarkJROHYnSR4S4rm9Xm2zYbV0auLnNO7Z.Mu5XfC4hvc8HyEmNOV3EH7wS8vKRFDW0gLeQDHdEDcRHtoyAAV_pR7LpH9vETqYLUWZVQHBomMt10d46zUhG_wEGD0pbmVjSroMWWCwaRZqrvTfg3WcwmQOdcJIsW0W0w9GXcFOncftVhSCVeSKSX4tGSzvuGndpM8.w0rl251EMp7qafqLKesAdj7RFunFbGJl_KmJ0g6rOiykV3hOklawXOd9jlVQE88Tc",mdrd: "v5j0jAFKh1VVGi6VIHD6Dr2ymgXmVNVw_eomWEigkqQ-1740857360-1.2.1.1-3XQzrv3ZI8YWbRgEeTQApstfRM.CMaq7bgOVGGpal9_QutCO5yiVKLfAgVtgc_f_2u0tSq2s6S.ZY1Uyvm5xqnRf7FAB6BuOwP5CHquMcdX0gFKzcIcPY24sBiQ2FKADi3BBlY0qys_PBpIDE6xxuYBz_ECvQg1R39RFKDWhjzLFRXGMrIgpT5q9IHoWTS98j.I.lT1NSoGsWMaF1hbO.du9Nvvsrn695Xng0kizWsbg1Zv4ByICAtxIvXE6_laWnA6wgQpaUV1pbroycZur2LWZdyrceO97IHV3YsH9FKx5xi640SrstnP07tKuKttpu505wO9cqFzr5GhybUGKIouz78Hm1xuZ5fneRFWUPqpkR8Jy1brAMwk0ZZiJmOciV1sgmFL3XjehsuZBz8GVFPGuiqHy1iaGJJa4oy1BjrNKYrwAz98NrPSRwk1wPDSz8wfnk1lpMpGcOjIAPKpEanGijevSOqWoudJgdwAwNkZiXr.woCcEOTrku55NYgVdofUmUHipwGbTM.xAG5cRGdbGA6ctPfe0tTncynpDrD_cD_3keJ3oRLREXoDofch8HVY30V4zXhS5cJKm6c9loRaqCTIy7cWs_LW9FtKXwK2DY1bf3gR_SXvcIWdfW0AcK994FIU52mPhKOHCfn7qcKkw7wo6hielIQatGOm6bs9D_Ps84RBynAkBFFE7LJjZLFRga6ETFLn9L55kdt_RqTAKqy7FwC941B3rEmJwyS9d574P6e.opDprFBWKowE89cJ57uF7hzX5sbGfL2KvIHKiVi9O.j7QVcQmY.q21iYpvz.FTtQ1vx5NE1300IocOTVbdQwqDVq9QHOj__3vD_nYcR639nR_FtgRCjFfWMhrXJ.O0WpUHmb.TeYpLHXf9iOz7lE7idpQwNHt6m6hRaVZGUraJo5kb4UiGISStFNniVRNUEEmpg2PPa9HRjEnEw_1dE5fL9.JuoDAH6BkfMXi.xW4RsC8C9VhqQylqHqtZrVIrbOMvtFbPsBQptRiVvHH7hNSBSh4a.YtDJI.5YTtFEZUP6_syFDa4xo57Un1ZO2gqdIwz.cTiNKeLuW5jkHi_ESN5ldWnHHgWp8g7in9ya7EuM39Ol4Uor_BmnntTxkg9M5IYhPrcCaym3OGZa8_QSzYhkhJBNgaP7vegtTXH9HwvbQdoXS41plMaaNUSOF.npM6mlHKyMh21fLm_yyiGuLHrekZ79HlWh6jD3uFbFkm4KGXp9ZdpI99v5dOPixRZ_ZOaYvj.oCWiyoI0HApA2J6QXUcwB_ThRtumaJnro7kJseGWwpSSIJNhY2fIYiUMe.nKiE_AnFL2XOQB1ReyV_2WdL8LKlJIDDACXqSS_tp1G10aVbQPtxj9va5_P25lewW96usWNweQJS5Qw2HGVC6tikovqLZEoe2rLllD2xkxsGlt2lNy4pqiMMnaIkz2VDNS3Xw7KyQrvfg83wT9TG3GDazm9T7u8wKOOwBp6Q5Wl7Y.HWX09HV6gkRnoRB_sNBxF_.oY95SXj7Lon9N_pNiT6apWM_sAkIQufs8Qdaov4Do7Fw2aiLiedsyhIJB09NPANMUowl6nJQpz4_6MQ46Weo5y3mgxTHksqvWoJZi5JvP24nYsnUrH7v_gUooVuCKQ0de0GzRYXOxaPbGvOEIf75Mk1a5hFeuLBUrwM2rtxwXSQXUFsTnpSrkoIIda5B0Cyf2BR77ay2ojBYA0Ahy40cG5pYrgJTTmSqPl_hLt6ZEVs3EN65Uqr7RuQtni_IdEvYNksXCoWPQCfTmaPxbFQfQnWPYIiTzu4J0bVDASBIpdaMOfJ.FqgQSQhYgMa3kNZR_UmXC5maYuRUzBWThQ0p2A8hgEZcu06RnkY1d7vCVcpCrgwSINz27ZlMW5HGA_MVDGcpKFFA2Xcu.VhnLtVzUcMTrBEZzF1qECIc3rfkTVdqGtM60aaOAXDG.Xe4AKuxHO_THVNw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=919b1008cfd08339';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=industry%20expertise&__cf_chl_rt_tk=MmTn8FZhLHPXPGgC2x.wClHEVNZNiz3V.xzfqz.ion4-1740857360-1.0.1.1-LPkefsPoY1PNsqO2lS4CQ_pln0wRfiAjTCq1Ack9MK8" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>